50 Stereographs (circa 50 printed stereographs, halftone and color halftone)
1,000 Stereographs (circa, albumen and silver gelatin (some tinted))
239 Prints (circa 239 mounted and unmounted prints, albumen (including cartes de visite, imperial cards, cabinet cards, and one tinted print) and silver gelatin (some modern copies))
96 Prints (Album :, silver gelatin)
21 Postcards (silver gelatin, collotype, color halftone, and halftone)
Photographs relating to Native Americans or frontier themes, including portraits, expedition photographs, landscapes, and other images of dwellings, transportation, totem poles, ceremonies, infants and children in cradleboards, camps and towns, hunting and fishing, wild west shows, food preparation, funeral customs, the US Army and army posts, cliff dwellings, and grave mounds and excavations. The collection also includes images of prisoners at Fort Marion in 1875, Sioux Indians involved in the Great Sioux Uprising in Minnesota, the Fort Laramie Peace Commission of 1868, Sitting Bull and his followers after the Battle of the Little Bighorn, and the aftermath of the Wounded Knee Massacre in 1890.
There are studio portraits of well-known Native Americans, including American Horse, Big Bow, Four Bears, Iron Bull, Ouray, Red Cloud, Red Dog, Red Shirt, Sitting Bull, Spotted Tail, Three Bears, and Two Guns White Calf. Depicted delegations include a Sauk and Fox meeting in Washington, DC, with Lewis V. Bogy and Charles E. Mix in 1867; Kiowas and Cheyennes at the White House in 1863; and Dakotas and Crows who visited President Warren G. Harding in 1921. Images of schools show Worcester Academy in Vinita, Oklahoma; Chilocco Indian School; Carlisle Indian Industrial School; Haskell Instittue, and Albuquerque Indian School.
Some photographs relate to the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, 1876; World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, 1893; Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis, 1903; and Centennial Exposition of the Baltimore and Ohio Railraod, 1876. Expedition photographs show the Crook expedition of 1876, the Sanderson expedition to the Custer Battlefield in 1877, the Wheeler Survey of the 1870s, Powell's surveys of the Rocky Mountain region during the 1860s and 1870s, and the Hayden Surveys.
Outstanding single views include the party of Zuni group led to the sea by Frank Hamilton Cushing; Episcopal Church Rectory and School Building, Yankton Agency; Matilda Coxe Stevenson and a companion taking a photographs of a Zuni ceremony; John Moran sketching at Acoma; Ben H. Gurnsey's studio with Indian patrons; Quapaw Mission; baptism of a group of Paiutes at Coeur d'Alene Mission; court-martial commission involved in the trial of Colonel Joseph J. Reynolds, 1877; President Harding at Sitka, Alaska; Walter Hough at Hopi in 1902; and Mrs. Jesse Walter Fewkes at Hopi in 1897.
Biographical/Historical note:
George V. Allen was an attorney in Lawrence, Kansas and an early member of the National Stereoscope Association. Between the 1950s and 1980s, Allen made an extensive collection of photographs of the American West, mostly in stereographs, but also including cartes-de-visite and other styles of mounted prints, photogravures, lantern slides, autochromes, and glass negatives.
Indians of North America -- Southern states Search this
Citation:
Photo Lot 90-1, George V. Allen collection of photographs of Native Americans and the American frontier, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Indians of North America -- Great Basin Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Negatives (photographic)
Copy prints
Place:
Yosemite National Park (Calif.)
Washington (D.C.)
Florida
Yellowstone National Park
Colorado
Date:
mid-19th - early 20th century
Scope and Contents note:
Copies of photogaphs selected from the George Eastman House collection by Bureau of American Ethnology archivist Margaret Blaker in 1962. Many of the photographs are individual or group portraits of American Indians and some highlight pottery, baskets, and cradleboards. There are also images of American Indian dwellings, including tipis and hogans; pueblos; dances; and an encampment during the Modoc War and Plains Indian prisoners at Fort Marion, Florida (1870s).
Expedition photos in the collection were made on T. O. Selfridgeʹs Darien Expedition (1870-1871), the Wheeler surveys (1871-1874), and the Hayden Geological Survey (1871). The collection also includes portraits of Frederick Douglass, Sitting Bull, and John A. Logan; and images from Buffalo Bill's Wild West Show; Company F of New York's 140th Volunteer Infantry; and the Smithsonian in Washington, DC.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot R79
Reproduction Note:
Copy negatives made by George Eastman House, 1962.
Copy prints made by the Smithsonian, 1962-1963.
Location of Other Archival Materials:
The National Anthropological Archives holds vintage prints for many of the photographs copied in this collection, including in Photo lot 4501, Photo Lot 4605, and Photo Lot 90-1.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
The images were acquired for reference purposes and cannot be reproduced. Copies may be obtained from George Eastman House, International Museum of Photography and Film.
This collection consists of four cartes-de-visite portraits of Native American men involved in the Dakota War of 1862. Individuals were photographed by Joel Emmons Whitney between approximately 1864 and 1865. Reprints of these cartes-de-visite were later sold by Whitney and Charles Alfred Zimmerman in their St. Paul, Minnesota studio throughout the following decade. The individuals portrayed include: Hole in the Day (also known as Pogonaykeshick; Ojibwe), John Otherday (also known as Anpetutokeca; Dakota), Thomas Wakeman (also known as Wowinape; Dakota), and Shakopee (also known as Little Six; Dakota).
Arrangement:
The materials in this collection were organized into 1 folder.
Biographical / Historical:
Joel Emmons Whitney (1822-1886) is considered the most influential pioneer photographer in Minnesota spanning the years 1851 to 1871. Whitney was born in Phillips, Maine in 1822, later moving to the St. Paul, Minnesota area in 1850, and establishing several successful photography studios there. His most common photographic works were cartes-de-visite depicting local landscapes, as well as portraits of Civil War soldiers and Native Americans in the Minnesota area. Whitney later partnered with Charles Alfred Zimmerman (1844-1909) and the two opened the Whitney and Zimmerman Studio shortly before Whitney ended his photography career in the early 1870s. He died in St. Paul, Minnesota in 1886, at age 63.
Related Materials:
The Minnesota Historical Society holds a large collection of Joel E. Whitney cartes-de-visite, including the four included here. Further, the Minnesota Historical Photo Collectors Group published a 2001 catalog of Whitney's cartes-de-visite, titled Joel E. Whitney: Minnesota's Leading Pioneer Photographer.
Provenance:
This collection was donated by Bridget Bly in 2015.
Restrictions:
Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).
Rights:
Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from the National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not changed, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian.
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Dakota War cartes-de-visite, Folder Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Carte-de-visite printed description reads as follows: Po-go-nay-ke-shick / Hole in the day / the Celebreated Chippewa Chief. Charles A. Zimmerman, Photographer, St. Paul, Minn
Collection Restrictions:
Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from the National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not changed, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian.
Collection Citation:
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Dakota War cartes-de-visite, Folder Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Carte-de-visite printed description reads as follows: Anpetu-tokeca (Other Day), who rescued sixty-two persons from the Indian Massacre of 1862, in Minnesota. Whitney & Zimmerman, Photographers, St. Paul, Minn
Collection Restrictions:
Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from the National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not changed, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian.
Collection Citation:
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Dakota War cartes-de-visite, Folder Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Carte-de-visite printed description reads as follows: Little Crow's Son. Wo-wi-na-pe. (One Who Comes In Sight). Taken prisoner by the Military Expedition, under command of Brig. Gen. Sibley, 1863. Photographed by J.E. Whitney, at Fort Snelling, February 24, 1864
Collection Restrictions:
Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from the National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not changed, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian.
Collection Citation:
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Dakota War cartes-de-visite, Folder Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Carte-de-visite printed description reads as follows: Sha-kpe. (Little Six). Executed at Fort Snelling, Nov. 11, 1865, for participation in the Massacre of 1862. Whitney's Gallery, St. Paul, Minn
Collection Restrictions:
Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from the National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not changed, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian.
Collection Citation:
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Dakota War cartes-de-visite, Folder Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Photo Lot 90-1, George V. Allen collection of photographs of Native Americans and the American frontier, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Photo Lot 90-1, George V. Allen collection of photographs of Native Americans and the American frontier, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Photo Lot 90-1, George V. Allen collection of photographs of Native Americans and the American frontier, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Photo Lot 90-1, George V. Allen collection of photographs of Native Americans and the American frontier, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Photo Lot 90-1, George V. Allen collection of photographs of Native Americans and the American frontier, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Studio portrait. The number 439 is etched into the negative, but no series is identified.
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.09853400
Other Title:
"Ne-bah-quah-om, Big Dog, a Chippewa chief who offered himself and his band of warriors to the government to fight the Sioux in their raid in Minnesota in 1862."
Photo Lot 90-1, George V. Allen collection of photographs of Native Americans and the American frontier, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Photo Lot 90-1, George V. Allen collection of photographs of Native Americans and the American frontier, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Photo Lot 90-1, George V. Allen collection of photographs of Native Americans and the American frontier, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
These two small prints are mounted on similar cards, that of one bearing the name of C. A. Zimmerman, photographer. Both are attributed to Zimmerman, who, in 1869, purchased the studio of Whitney, which had been established some years. The negatives may have been made by Whitney, and although the prints are catalogued as Ojibway (Chippewa) habitations, nevertheless, the elm-bark wigwam resembles more closely the Siouan type, with an arbor over the entrance, and the photograph may have been made in a Sioux village. The dwellings are quite similar to the Winnebago structure shown in Plate 36-a (Bulletin 77).
Biographical / Historical:
Charles Alfred Zimmerman born Alsace, 1844, died in St Paul, Minnesota 1909.
Woman and two children sitting next to mat-covered wigwam.
Biographical / Historical:
Charles A. Zimmerman (1844-1909), photographer, St Paul, Minnesota, one of the best-known of his period; in business with Joel E. Whitney, as Whitney & Zimmerman, from about 1865, and from ca 1870 to 1900 independently. His negative number 738; style of mount used by him, ca 1870-1880.-- Information from G. H. Smith. British Museum #: Box B/2939. On back of photo: "A. M. Rice No 30"
Studio portrait. The stereograph is hand-tinted. The number 109 is etched into the negative, but no series is identified.
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.09853700
Other Title:
"Opposed Hole-in-the-day in his designs of making war upon the whites."
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Photo Lot 90-1, George V. Allen collection of photographs of Native Americans and the American frontier, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Photo Lot 90-1, George V. Allen collection of photographs of Native Americans and the American frontier, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
