The collection consists of photographs relating to Native Americans, which were submitted to the copyright office of the Library of Congress in and around the early 20th century. Many of the photographs are studio portraits as well as photographs made as part of expeditions and railroad surveys. It includes images of people, dwellings and other structures, agriculture, arts and crafts, burials, ceremonies and dances, games, food preparation, transportation, and scenic views. Some of the photographs were posed to illustrate literary works, including Henry Wadsworth Longfellow's Hiawatha, while others depict paintings or other artwork.
Collection is organized alphabetically by copyright claimant.
Biographical/Historical note:
The collection was formed from submissions made to the Library of Congress as part of the copyright registration process. In 1949, arrangements were made to allow the Bureau of American Ethnology to copy the collection and some negatives were made at that time, largely from the Heyn and Matzen photographs. The project was soon abandoned, however, as too large an undertaking for the facilities of the BAE. In 1957-1958, arrangements were begun by William C. Sturtevant of the BAE to transfer a set of the photographs from the Library of Congress to the BAE.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 59
Provenance:
In 1965, the Bureau merged with the Smithsonian's Department of Anthropology to form the Smithsonian Office of Anthropology, and in 1968 the Office of Anthropology Archives transformed into the National Anthropological Archives.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 59, Library of Congress Copyright Office photograph collection of Native Americans, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Images in this collection were mostly taken by Frederick Dellenbaugh, William Henry Jackson, Alexander Gardner, John Wetherill, John K. Hillers, Edward O. Beaman, Charles Milton Bell and Frank Rinehart. Subjects include delegation portraits, images from the Hayden's and Powell's Geological and Geographical Surveys, cliff dwellings, landscape views, and images from the U.S. Indian Congress Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition in Omaha 1898.
Arrangement note:
Lantern slide: organized in envelopes; arranged by image number
Negatives: organized in envelopes; arranged by negative number
Prints: organized in folders; arranged by print number
Biographical/Historical note:
Frederick Samuel Dellenbaugh (1853--935) was an American explorer, artist and mapmaker, best known for his travels and descriptions of the Southwest. At the age of only 18, he was chosen to accompany the second Powell expedition down the Colorado River, serving as both artist and mapmaker. In 1899, Dellenbaugh was part of the Harriman Alaska Expedition.
Restrictions:
Access is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment.
Frederick S. Dellenbaugh photographs, negatives and other material, circa 1861-1934, National Museum of the American Indian Archives, Smithsonian Institution (negative, slide or catalog number).
Contents: (a) Santa Clara. Notes, no date, 1904, 1906. 51 pages, 6 scattered pages vocabulary of numerals and clan names. (b) Sia. Notes, no date, 1904. Approximately 53 pages, including 19 scattered pages numerals and other vocabulary. (c) San Juan. Vocabulary notes. No date, 3 pages. (d) Zuni. Names of men and positions in fraternities and priesthoods. December 1906. 4 pages. (e) Miscellaneous. Brief notes on San Ildefonso, Santa Clara, and San Juan pueblos, 15 pages (and typed transcript, 3 pages); penitentes ceremony, 16 pages; historical extracts, 14 pages.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 2100
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation Search this
MS 507-b Vocabulary collected among the Santa Aña and Silla Indians of New Mexico ... transliterated into the Bureau of Ethnology linguistics alphabet by Albert S. Gatschet
Similar to Gatschet's copy, Number 507-a, which see. This is not in Stevenson's hand (cf. autograph letter signed, Stevenson to Powell, June 4, 1883, incoming letter number 226, Bureau of American Ethnology correspondence files), and is clearly a clerk's copy from Number 507-a, as witness the many uncertainties and erasures, as well as the substitution of the word "general" for Gatschet's "generic," page 8. It is clearly not the original, although it has erroneously been marked, "Original" in J. N. B. Hewitt's hand. --MC Blaker, 6/61.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 507-b
General:
Previously titled "Another copy of Stevenson's manuscript."
Citation:
Manuscript 507-b, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Contents: Frontispiece, sketch map; pages 1-12, San Felipe vocabulary from Jose Zepherino of Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and Laguna vocabulary, source not given, interpaged or on same pages; pages 13-22, Laguna vocabulary from John Menaul; 24-32, copy of Whipple's Kiwomi or Santo Domingo vocabulary from Pacific Railroad Survey Report III, pages 86-90; pages 45-62, copy of Col. James Stevenson's Santa Ana and Silla vocabulary; pages 63-82, vocabulary extracted from Die Koshare (later published as The Delight Makers) by A. F. Bandelier.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 499
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation Search this
MS 507-a Vocabulary collected among the Santa Aña and Silla Indians of New Mexico ... transliterated into the Bureau of Ethnology linguistic alphabet by Albert S. Gatschet
Collected among the Santa Ana and Silla Indians of New Mexico, of the Qqera linguistic family, in October 1887 by Col. James Stevenson; transliterated into the Bureau of Ethnology linguistic alphabet by Albert S. Gatschet.
Note on page 2: "The informants of Col. James Stevenson were Jose Montoya of Santa Ana pueblo and the Governor of Silla (Cia, Zia, Sillana, pronounced Sia), Jose Mokino, his Indian name being Kayitiwa. The dialects of both pueblos are identical, and belong to the Qqera stock. Revised with 3-4 other Indians of the same dialect."
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 507-a
Local Note:
See also Bureau of American Ethnology Manuscript 499, Gatschet, Notebook, Santa Ana and Silla vocabulary of James Stevenson, pages 45-62. The orthography of the latter vocabulary differs from that of Number 507-a, and may be a direct transcript from Stevenson, before transliteration by Gatschet.
General:
Previously titled "Vocabulary."
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation Search this
Citation:
Manuscript 507-a, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Photographs made during Matilda Coxe Stevenson's field studies among Southwest Indians, particularly at Zuni. Images primarily document pueblos, people, ceremonies, and daily activities, as well as some photographs of Santa Fe, New Mexico, and ranches, probably those belonging to Stevenson or her friends. The collection includes photographs by William Henry Cobb and Wittick & Russell, as well as Stevenson's assistant May S. Clark and "Mr. Gray," a photographer that Stevenson hired as an assistant.
Biographical/Historical note:
Matilda Coxe Stevenson (1849-1915; though her birth year is often erroneously listed as 1850) was the first woman to study the American Southwest and the first (and for a long time the only) female anthropologist hired by the US government. Born Matilda Coxe Evans in 1849 in San Augustine, Texas, Stevenson was brought to Washington, D.C., as an infant. She was educated at Miss Anable's English, French, and German School in Philadelphia and through private studies with her father and Dr. William M. Mew of the Army Medical Museum. In 1872 she married James Stevenson, a geologist with the US Geological Survey of the Territories. From 1872-1878, Matilda joined James on Ferdinand V. Hayden's geological surveys to Colorado, Idaho, Wyoming, and Utah, and assisted him by compiling geological data. When the Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE) was created in 1879, Matilda Stevenson was appointed "volunteer coadjutor [sic] in ethnology" and she went with James on his BAE expeditions to the Southwest.
After James Stevenson's death in 1888, BAE Director John Wesley Powell hired Matilda Stevenson to organize her husband's notes. In 1889, Stevenson became regular BAE staff. From 1890 to 1907, Stevenson did substantial individual fieldwork at Zuni and published "The Zuni Indians: Their Mythology, Esoteric Fraternities, and Ceremonies" in the Bureau of American Ethnology's Twenty-Third Annual Report (1901-2). Starting in 1904, Stevenson conducted comparative studies at Zia, Jemez, San Juan, Cochiti, Nambe, Picarus, Tesuque, Santa Clara, San Ildefonso, and Taos. In 1907 she purchased a ranch (Ton'yo) near San Ildefonso, which became her base for fieldwork. Stevenson died in Maryland on June 24, 1915.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 23
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Stevenson photographs previously filed in BAE number 4325, MS 4624, MS 4717, Photo Lot 14, and Photo Lot 33 have been relocated and merged with Photo Lot 23. These photographs were also made by Stevenson and form part of this collection.
Additional glass negatives made by Stevenson are held in the National Anthropological Archives in the BAE historical negatives.
The National Anthropological Archives holds Matilda Coxe Stevenson's papers in MS 4689.
Photographic images and portraits of Stevenson are in the National Anthropological Archives in the following collections: Photo Lot 33, Photo Lot 70, Photo Lot 89-19, and Photo Lot 90-1.
Additional photographs of We'wha, probably commissioned by Stevenson at a studio in Washington, D.C., are in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 2004-03.
