Walrus-skull with three tusks that was used as a shrine on top of mountain from St. Lawrence Island, Alaska. Now in the collection of the Bronx Zoological Park, New York City. RESTRICTED.
Collection Restrictions:
Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not modified in any way, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian. For more information please see the Smithsonian's Terms of Use and NMAI Archive Center's Digital Image request website.
Collection Citation:
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); June and Farrar Burn photographs from Alaska, Box and Folder Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
The Carol Zane Jolles papers document her research conducted among the Yup'ik and Inupiaq communities of St. Lawrence Island, Wales, and Little Diomede Island from approximately 1982-2004. Jolles interviewed residents (with a focus on village elders) in English, Yup'ik, and Inupiaq about their lives, traditions, and village histories. The collection contains audiovisual recordings, transcripts, correspondence, research project notes and papers, maps, charts, diagrams, drawings, and publications.
Scope and Contents:
The bulk of the collection consists of recorded interviews with the residents of St. Lawrence Island, Little Diomede, and Wales, Alaska. The interviews were conducted as part of numerous research projects led by Jolles from approximately 1982-2004. The interviews focus primarily on community life and history.
The records include: audiovisual recordings (cassettes, VHS tapes, and film) and associated transcripts; correspondence between Jolles and various community members; maps, charts, diagrams, and drawings (many created by community members); population records; reports; research project notes and papers; school records; photographs; and various publications.
Access to the collection is restricted, due to the presence of personally identifiable information (PII). Access is subject to approval by the Smithsonian Institution's Institutional Review Board (IRB). Please contact the National Anthropological Archives for further information.
Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Arrangement:
This collection is arranged into two (2) series: (1) St. Lawrence Island, 1910-2000 and (2) Little Diomede and Wales, 1930-2013.
Biographical note:
Carol Zane Jolles is a leading figure in Arctic ethnology who worked among the Yup'ik and Inupiaq communities in Alaska along the northern Bering Sea-Bering Strait region from 1982-2013.
Jolles was born on November 12, 1940 in Washington, D.C. and grew up in Falls Church, Virginia. She studied Literature at Earlham College (1958-1961) and received her Bachelor's degree and a teaching certificate from Roosevelt University (1964). From the 1964 to 1980 Jolles taught in Chicago, Minneapolis, and Philadelphia public schools, until deciding to continue her education.
Jolles attended the University of Washington from 1982-1990, where she received her Master's degree (1985) and Ph.D. (1990) in Cultural Anthropology. Her doctoral research involved documenting family histories and relationships, gender roles, and the history and impact of acculturation and the activities of Presbyterian missionaries beginning in the late 1800s. This research also addressed changes in schooling and the decreased knowledge of the Yup'ik language. In 2002, Jolles, along with research partner, Elinor Mikaghak Oozeva, published the seminal book, Faith, Food, and Family in a Yupik Whaling Community.
After becoming a faculty member at the University of Washington in the 1990s, Jolles' anthropological research expanded to include the documentation of the Inupiaq hunting communities of Wales and the Diomede Islands. Here, she focused on indigenous knowledge, perception of place and space, Inupiat people's relation to their home territory as reflected in place names, oral histories, original art (drawings), and other cultural means. Other research interests included climate change and its impact on Alaska Native communities.
Jolles retired from the University of Washington in 2013. As Emerita Research Professor for the Department of Anthropology, she continues to maintain correspondence with various Yu'pik and Inupiaq community members.
Chronology
1940 November 12 -- Born in Washington, D.C.
1958-1961 -- Attends Earlham College
1964 -- Receives Bachelor's Degree in English & Language Arts from Roosevelt University Receives Teaching Certificate from Roosevelt University
1964-1980 -- Teaches in Chicago, Minneapolis, and Philadelphia public schools
1982-1990 -- Studies as a Graduate Student in Cultural Anthropology at the University of Washington Conducts doctoral research in Alaska
1982-2013 -- Conducts research in St. Lawrence Island, Wales, and the Diomede Islands of Alaska
1985 -- Receives Master's Degree in Cultural Anthropology from the University of Washington
1990 -- Receives PhD in Cultural Anthropology from the University of Washington
1990s -- Research Assistant Professor, Anthropology Department, University of Washington
1992-1995 -- Principal Investigator on the "Sivuqaghhmiit Traditions and Culture: Values for Survival in a Changing World" project
1995-1997 -- Principal Investigator on the "Yupik Women: Narratives of Eskimo Women's Lives" project
1997-2000 -- Principal Investigator on the "Yupik Women, Yupik Families: A Comparative Study of Siberian Yupik and St. Lawrence Island Yupik Eskimo Family Life"
1997-2001 -- Research Associate, Visiting Assistant Professor,Anthropology, Indiana University-Purdue University at Indianapolis
2001-2002 -- Mentor for the National Science Foundation's Teachers Experiencing Antarctica and the Arctic (TEA)
2001-2006 -- Principal Investigator on the "Collaborative Research-Change and Its Impact on Culture, Economy and Identity in Three North Bering Strait Alaskan Inupiat Societies: Diomede, King Island, Wales" project
2002 -- Publishes Faith, Food, and Family in a Yupik Whaling Community with Elinor Mikaghaq Oozeva
2006-2007 -- Principal Investigator on the "Assessing Alaskan Yup'ik Community Interest in a Dental Health Initiative" project
2006-2009 -- Principal Investigator on the "Ethnographic Approaches to Alaska Native Health Disparities Research" project
2008-2013 -- Principal Investigator on the "Inupiaq Landscapes and Architecture: Preserving Alaska Native Community Histories" project
2013 -- Retires
2013 -- Research Associate Professor, faculty emerita, Anthropology, University of Washington
Provenance:
The papers were donated to the National Anthropological Archives by Carol Jolles between 2014 and 2022.
Restrictions:
Access to portions of the collection may be restricted, due to the presence of personally identifiable information (PII). Access is subject to approval by the Smithsonian Institution's Institutional Review Board (IRB). Please contact the National Anthropological Archives for further information.
The collection consists of 124 drawings made by Native Alaskan artists. A few of the drawings are signed by the artist, Stephan Ivanoff; the majority of the drawings are unsigned and the artists have not been identified. The drawings depict scenes of Native Alaskan life, including hunting and fishing, reindeer herding, trade, sledding, games, and ceremonies. The drawings were collected by the United States Bureau of Education for exhibition purposes.
Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Arrangement:
The drawings are arranged in order by inventory number. The inventory numbers roughly following the thematic organization in Alaskan Eskimo Life in the 1890s as Sketched by Native Artists. Some drawings have been rehoused in conservation mounts and are stored out of sequence.
Biographical Note:
Stephan Ivanoff was born in Unalakleet, Alaska to a Yu'pik mother and Russian father. He filled various roles as a translator, deacon of the Swedish Covenant Church, and teaching assistant at the Swedish Evangelical Mission School at Unalakleet around the turn of the twentieth century.
Historical Note:
The Bureau of Education, also known as the Office of Education or Department of Education, was a unit within the United States Department of the Interior from 1867 to 1972.
Local Numbers:
USNM Accession 51115
NAA MS 260447
Variant Title:
Collection previously titled "Scenes of native life including hunting, sledding, games, animal husbandry and ceremonies."
Publication Note:
Almost all drawings were published in:
George Phebus, Jr., Alaskan Eskimo Life in the 1890s as Sketched by Native Artists, Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1972.
Notes on 05/0835, 05/1197-05/1249 (050835, 051197-051249).
Collection Restrictions:
Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).
Collection Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadcast materials from the collection must be requested from the National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Collection Citation:
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Museum of the American Indian/Heye Foundation Records, Box and Folder Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).
Collection Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadcast materials from the collection must be requested from the National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Collection Citation:
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Museum of the American Indian/Heye Foundation Records, Box and Folder Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).
Collection Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadcast materials from the collection must be requested from the National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Collection Citation:
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Museum of the American Indian/Heye Foundation Records, Box and Folder Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).
Collection Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadcast materials from the collection must be requested from the National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Collection Citation:
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Museum of the American Indian/Heye Foundation Records, Box and Folder Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Footage shot in the Yupik village of Kasigluk, Alaska and adjacent locations along the Johnson River in spring of 1968 or 69. Footage includes various scenes of everyday village life such as ice fishing during the spring, catching and preparation of salmon, and inside village houses.
Film equipment and film purchased under a SI Urgent Anthropology Grant to Morgan who was a VISTA volunteer. Sound is an annotation recorded in 1984.
Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or Anthropology Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Local Numbers:
HSFA 1976.7.1
Provenance:
Received from Joli Morgan in 1976.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research. Please contact the archives for information on availability of access copies of audiovisual recordings. Original audiovisual material in the Human Studies Film Archives may not be played.
Photographic prints and copy negatives made by George Thornton Emmons among Native communities in Alaska and British Columbia mostly between 1870 and 1890. Communities photographed include—Nisga'a (Niska), Kwakwaka'wakw (Kwakiutl), Yup'ik, Nuxalk (Ballacoola), Haida, and Tlingit.
Scope and Contents:
This collection includes photographic prints made by George Thornton Emmons among Native communities in Alaska and British Columbia mostly between 1870 and 1890. Communities photographed include—Nisga'a (Niska), Kwakwaka'wakw (Kwakiutl), Yup'ik, Nuxalk (Ballacoola), Haida, and Tlingit. There is at least one photograph that is dated 1917. Many of the photographs include portrait of Native men and women often posed outside of their homes or community structures. There are also photographs of totem poles and masks. There are some images of graves that have been restricted. The copy negatives were later made by the Museum of the American Indian during a large photograph conservation project in the 1960s.
George Thornton Emmons (1852-1945) was born in Baltimore Maryland and attended the U.S. Naval Academy attaining the rank of lieutenant j.g. in 1883 and lieutenant in 1887. While being stationed in Sitka, Alaska Emmons became interested in the native cultures of the region, particularly the Tlingit and Tahltan. He collected over 11000 objects and sold his first collection of 1351 artifacts to the American Museum of Natural History in 1888. Emmons accompanied the Alaska exhibit during the World's Columbian Exposition from 1891-1893 and began writing up his Tlingit research for AMNH in 1894. Following his retirement from the Navy, Emmons continued collecting Alaskan artifacts which he sold to collectors, including George Heye and the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation. Emmons first started selling and donating collections to George Heye in 1905 and continued to do so for the remainder of his life. In 1932 Emmons moved to Victoria, British Columbia to work on his Tlingit book, which was still unfinished at his death in 1945. Following his death, his manuscript based on 40 years of research and writing was taken over by Frederica de Laguna and 1955 and finally published in 1991.
Related Materials:
George T. Emmons field notes, mostly object lists from Alaska and British Columbia, can be found in the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation records (NMAI.AC.001) Box 215-217.
Provenance:
It is unclear when most of these photographs were obtained by the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation. It is likely they accompanied ethnographic collections sent by Emmons, the earliest of which arrived in 1905.
Restrictions:
Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Thursday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu). Photographs with burials, human remains or any other cultural sensitivity are restricted.
Rights:
Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited users to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not changed, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian.
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); George Thornton Emmons photograph collection, Item Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Hand-colored lantern slide of Asgiilleq [Nellie Slim; Yup'ik (Yupik Eskimo)] on right and an unidentified woman wearing fur parkas in Kipnuk, Alaska. Asgiilleq is the mother of Mary Gunlik.
Series Restrictions:
Access to some photographs are restricted. Some dental records may be restricted from access, reproduction, or publication under personal health information privacy provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. Researchers should contact the NMAI Archies Center at nmaiarchives@si.edu for an appointment to access the collection.
Collection Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Collection Citation:
Leuman Maurice Waugh collection, 1909-1963. National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Hand-colored lantern slide depicting Arruya'ak (Oscar Kunuk) from the Yup'ik (Yupik Eskimo) community in Kipnuk, Alaska.
Series Restrictions:
Access to some photographs are restricted. Some dental records may be restricted from access, reproduction, or publication under personal health information privacy provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. Researchers should contact the NMAI Archies Center at nmaiarchives@si.edu for an appointment to access the collection.
Collection Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Collection Citation:
Leuman Maurice Waugh collection, 1909-1963. National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Hand-colored lantern slide depicting a portrait of Qaurtuculi [Yup'ik (Yupik Eskimo); James Anaver's father] of Kipnuk, Alaska.
Series Restrictions:
Access to some photographs are restricted. Some dental records may be restricted from access, reproduction, or publication under personal health information privacy provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. Researchers should contact the NMAI Archies Center at nmaiarchives@si.edu for an appointment to access the collection.
Collection Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Collection Citation:
Leuman Maurice Waugh collection, 1909-1963. National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Hand-colored lantern slide depicting three children (from left to right) Ik'atak (Julia K. Paul), Asgiileq (Nellie Slim), and Nagyuk. They are wearing dance headdresses two topped with caribou-beard hair. The photograph was shot in the Yup'ik (Yupik Eskimo) community of Kipnuk, Alaska.
Series Restrictions:
Access to some photographs are restricted. Some dental records may be restricted from access, reproduction, or publication under personal health information privacy provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. Researchers should contact the NMAI Archies Center at nmaiarchives@si.edu for an appointment to access the collection.
Collection Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Collection Citation:
Leuman Maurice Waugh collection, 1909-1963. National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Hand-colored lantern slide depicting an outdoor portrait of Ilurall'er (Kenneth Samson, also called Iluq'aq or Qengmiulria) wearing a swan-skin parka and Kanglek (John Gunlik) wearing a tamacenaq (parka made of a combination of different bird skins). This photograph was shot in the Yup'ik (Yupik Eskimo) community of Kipnuk, Alaska.
Series Restrictions:
Access to some photographs are restricted. Some dental records may be restricted from access, reproduction, or publication under personal health information privacy provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. Researchers should contact the NMAI Archies Center at nmaiarchives@si.edu for an appointment to access the collection.
Collection Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Collection Citation:
Leuman Maurice Waugh collection, 1909-1963. National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Hand-colored lantern slide depicting a beluga whale on the beach in Hooper Bay, Alaska.
Series Restrictions:
Access to some photographs are restricted. Some dental records may be restricted from access, reproduction, or publication under personal health information privacy provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. Researchers should contact the NMAI Archies Center at nmaiarchives@si.edu for an appointment to access the collection.
Collection Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Collection Citation:
Leuman Maurice Waugh collection, 1909-1963. National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Hand-colored lantern slide depicting a group of students and adults standing outside the first school in the Yup'ik (Yupik Eskimo) community in Hooper Bay, Alaska.
Series Restrictions:
Access to some photographs are restricted. Some dental records may be restricted from access, reproduction, or publication under personal health information privacy provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. Researchers should contact the NMAI Archies Center at nmaiarchives@si.edu for an appointment to access the collection.
Collection Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Collection Citation:
Leuman Maurice Waugh collection, 1909-1963. National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Hand-colored lantern slide depicting a group of children [Yup'ik (Yupik Eskimo)] standing outside a snow-covered sod house in Hooper Bay, Alaska.
Series Restrictions:
Access to some photographs are restricted. Some dental records may be restricted from access, reproduction, or publication under personal health information privacy provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. Researchers should contact the NMAI Archies Center at nmaiarchives@si.edu for an appointment to access the collection.
Collection Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Collection Citation:
Leuman Maurice Waugh collection, 1909-1963. National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Hand-colored lantern slide depicting Canaar [Yup'ik (Yupik Eskimo)] from Hooper Bay, Alaska.
Series Restrictions:
Access to some photographs are restricted. Some dental records may be restricted from access, reproduction, or publication under personal health information privacy provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. Researchers should contact the NMAI Archies Center at nmaiarchives@si.edu for an appointment to access the collection.
Collection Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Collection Citation:
Leuman Maurice Waugh collection, 1909-1963. National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Hand-colored lantern slide depicting Mary Ann Sundown and Agnes Aguchak [Yup'ik (Yupik Eskimo)] of Scammon Bay, Alaska. winter 1937. According to Yup'ik community members, the women continued to be best friends and dancing partners into the 21st century.
Series Restrictions:
Access to some photographs are restricted. Some dental records may be restricted from access, reproduction, or publication under personal health information privacy provisions of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) of 1996. Researchers should contact the NMAI Archies Center at nmaiarchives@si.edu for an appointment to access the collection.
Collection Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Collection Citation:
Leuman Maurice Waugh collection, 1909-1963. National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.