Indians of North America -- Great Basin Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Albums
Photographs
Date:
circa 1877
Scope and Contents note:
Albums probably assembled by William Henry Jackson, mostly containing portraits of Native American delegates in Washington, D.C. and photographs made on US Geological Surveys (including the Hayden and Powell surveys). Photographs from the field include John K. Hillers' photographs of the Southwest, photographs of Fort Laramie (possibly by Alexander Gardner), Orloff R. Westmann's photographs of Taos Pueblo, and Jackson's photographs of Crow, Shoshoni, Pawnee, and Nez Perce Tribes and related sites. Most of the photographs were made circa 1860s-1870s.
The albums were probably by Jackson while working under Ferdinand V. Hayden for the United States Geological Survey of the Territories. The reason for their creation is uncertain, though it may have been a project set up by Hayden or a continuation of William Henry Blackmore's tradition of publishing albums. Some of the albums include captions pasted from Jackson's Descriptive Catalogue of Photographs of North American Indians (1877) while others have handwritten captions.
Biographical/Historical note:
William Henry Jackson (1843-1942) was an American painter, photographer and explorer. Born in New York, he sold drawings and retouched photographs from an early age. After serving in the Civil War, he opened a photography studio in Omaha, Nebraska, with his brother Edward. As photographer for the US Geological and Geographical Surveys (1870-1878), he documented the American west and published the first photographs of Yellowstone. When the surveys lost funding in 1879, Jackson opened a studio in Denver, Colorado, and also worked for various railroad companies. Many of Jackson's photographs were displayed at the World's Columbian Exhibition in Chicago (1893), for which he was the official photographer.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 4420
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Original negatives for many of the photographs in this collection can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in the BAE historical negatives.
The National Museum of the American Indian Archives holds William Henry Jackson photographs and negatives.
Additional Jackson photographs held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 4605, MS 4801, Photo Lot 14, Photo Lot 24, Photo Lot 29, Photo Lot 37, Photo Lot 40, Photo Lot 60, Photo Lot 93, Photo lot 143, Photo Lot 87-2P, Photo Lot 87-20, and Photo Lot 90-1.
Correspondence from Jackson held in the National Anthropological Archives in MS 4517, MS 4881, MS 4821, and collections of personal papers.
Indians of North America -- Southern states Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 4420, William Henry Jackson photograph albums based on his Descriptive Catalogue of Photographs of North American Indians, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Indians of North America -- Southwest, New Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Pages
Date:
1893
Scope and Contents:
From Leonard Tyler - text with interlinear translation, (Muihas or the Magpie) - 3 pages (No. 5-7). From David Pendleton (Making Medicine) - words - 4 1/2 pages. (No. 13-17). From Rubin Taylor - words and sentences - 3 pages. (No. 17-20). From Indian N.E. of Agency - words, 1/2 page. (No. 21). Names of Indians at Darlington - 6 names (page No. 21). Rudolph Petter - Collection of words - 2 pages (No. 22-23). Philip Block - Notes on different Indians by tribes - 1 page (No. 24). James Mooney - tribal names for the Cheyenne by the Yankton, Kiowa, Teton, Navajo and Arapaho. - 1/2 page. (No. 51)
Stephen R. Riggs - Dakota Grammar - extracts from. Approx. 20 pages. (Contributions Vol. IX (1893) ).
Kish Hawkins - sentences - 3 pages. (No. 8-10). grammatical notes - 25 pages. (25-50). grammatical notes - 18 pages. (72-90).
James Bent - Comparative Vocabulary of the Caddo, Cheyenne, Arapaho, and Wichita - 1 page. (No. 90). Ditto - Arapaho and Cheyenne - 6 pages. (No. 91-96).
Wolf Face - Notes on Cheyenne - 3 1/4 pages. (No. 97-100). Natural Philosophy - 3 pages. (No. 101-103).
George Bent - list of personal names - 1 1/4 pages. (No.106-7).
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 61
Place:
Darlington Oklahoma Territory
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation Search this
Photographs mostly commissioned and collected by personnel in the Bureau of American Ethnology. Most of the photographs are studio portraits of Native Americans made by the Bureau of American Ethnology and Smithsonian Institution, possibly for physical anthropologist Ales Hrdlicka. There are also photographs made by Truman Michelson among the Catawba tribe, copies of illustrations and drawings, and various images of archeological sites and artifacts.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 87-2M, USNM ACC 42191
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Original negatives for many photographs in this collection held in the National Anthropological Archives in the BAE historical negatives.
Additional Michelson photographs held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 13, Photo Lot 24, MS 2139, and MS 4365-c.
Additional Hillers photographs held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 14, Photo Lot 24, Photo Lot 28, Photo Lot 40, Photo Lot 143, Photo Lot 83-18, Photo Lot 87-2N, Photo Lot 90-1, Photo Lot 92-46, and the BAE historical negatives.
Additional Jackson photographs held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 24, Photo Lot 37, Photo Lot 40, Photo Lot 60, Photo Lot 93, Photo Lot 143, Photo Lot R82-10, Photo Lot 87-2P, Photo Lot 90-1, Photo Lot 92-3, the records of the Department of Anthropology, and the BAE historical negatives.
Additional Smillie photographs held in the National Museum of American History Archives Center in the Frances Benjamin Johnston and Thomas W. Smillie Glass Plate Negatives and in Smithsonian Institution Archives SIA Acc. 05-123.
Additional Gardner photographs held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 24, Photo Lot 80-18, Photo Lot 87-2P, Photo Lot 90-1, and the BAE historical negatives.
Associated busts and molds held in the Department of Anthropology collections in accession 42191.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Topic:
Indians of North America -- Southern states Search this
Photo lot 87-2M, Bureau of American Ethnology photograph collection relating to Native Americans, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
In Schedule of John Wesley Powell's Introduction to the Study of Indian Languages. Cook acknowledges aid of Charles S. Cook, Alfred C. Smith, Battiste Defond and Frank Vassar, all Dakota mixed-bloods.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 1486
Local Note:
Autograph document signed
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation Search this
Printed charts which accompanied schedule of John Wesley Powell's Introduction to the Study of Indian Languages 1880; Charts I-IV for male ego (three 20 in x 44 in, one 18 in x 20 in) and Charts I-IV for female ego (three 8 1/2 in x 20 in and one 8 1/2 in x 10 in). Belongs with Manuscript number 1486.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 1531
Local Note:
Erroneously attributed to S.D. Hinman on old catalog card.
This collection contains all 20 original folios of Thomas Loraine Mckenney and James Hall's History of the Indian Tribes of North America, with biographical sketches and anecdotes of the principal chiefs. The folios were published and sent to subscribers between 1836-1844 and include 120 hand-colored lithographic plates. As Superintendent of Indian Affairs from 1824-1830, McKenney commissioned and collected portraits of Native American leaders, the majority painted by Charles Bird King. These portraits, along with biographical text by James Hall, form the basis of History of the Indian Tribes of North America.
Scope and Contents:
This collection includes all 20 folios of Thomas Loraine Mckenney and James Hall's History of the Indian Tribes of North America, with biographical sketches and anecdotes of the principal chiefs in their original wrappers. Each folio includes six hand-colored lithographic plates along with biographical essays on Native American leaders, both men and women, from the early 19th century.
Native Communities represented in these volumes include—Sauk, Meskwaki (Fox), Shawnee, Osage, Anishinaabe (Chippewa/Ojibwa), Mississippi Choctaw, Mdewakantonwan Dakota (Mdewakanton Sioux), Eastern Band of Cherokee, Ho-Chunk (Winnebago), Oto, Seneca, Chaticks Si Chaticks (Pawnee), Yanktonnai Nakota, Muskogee (Creek), Omaha, Iowa, Sac and Fox (Sauk and Fox), Oklahoma Cherokee, Lenape (Delaware), Numakiki (Mandan), Euchee (Yuchi), Potawatomi, Seminole, Mohawk, Menominee (Menomini), Quatsino Kwakwaka'wakw, Odawa (Ottawa), Pikuni (Piegan) [Blackfeet Nation, Browning, Montana], Powhatan, Kaw (Kansa).
The lithographs were cataloged individually with P (print) numbers P27694-P27813, though not physically separated from their volumes.
Please note that the language and terminology used in this collection reflects the context and culture of the time of its creation, and may include culturally sensitive information. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Arrangement:
Arranged by foilio number.
Biographical / Historical:
Thomas Loraine McKenney was born in 1785 to a family of Quakers in Hopewell, Maryland. Following the abolition of the U.S. Indian Trade program in 1822, McKenney (1785-1859) was appointed to the new position of Superintendent of Indian Affairs, which he held from 1824-1830. During his time as Superintendent of Indian trade in Georgetown, McKenney hired the painter Charles Bird King and began developing a governmental collection of portraits of prominent Native chiefs and elders who visited Washington. Between 1821-1842, King painted over 100 portraits with some assistance from friend and student George Cook.
Following his dismissal from the War Department by President Andrew Jackson in 1830, McKenney moved to Philadelphia to begin the process of getting his collection of portraits reproduced as lithographs with original hand coloring. The publication would document the extensive collection of King paints, many of which were later lost in a fire that destroyed part of the Smithsonian castle in January 1865.
This process was aided by Edward C. Biddle, a Philadelphia printer, who published the first volume (parts 1-6) in 1836 of what would be a three-volume set of 20 folios. James Hall (1793-1868), a judge and known writer, was hired to write text based on McKenney's research. Later parts were published between 1836-1844 by Frederick W. Greenough (parts 7-13), J.T. Bowen (part 14), and by Daniel Rice and James G. Clark (15-20). Several octavo editions were later published.
Provenance:
Provenance is unknown, part of the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation collection when the MAI became the NMAI in 1989.
Restrictions:
Access to NMAI Archives Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).
Rights:
Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not modified in any way, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian. For more information please see the Smithsonian's Terms of Use and NMAI Archive Center's Digital Image request website.
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); McKenney and Hall's History of the Indian Tribes of North America folios and lithographs image #, NMAI.AC.115; National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center, Smithsonian Institution.
From the Wrenne list and the list from the South Dakota Historical Society have been compiled a list for distribution which combines the identifications from the two lists. Mr Anderson used a copy of the Wrenne list, submitted to him by the BAE, and made corrections and added the Agency names from the South Dakota Historical Society photograph. The South Dakota Historical Society list did not contain the Indian names; these are all from the Wrenne list. The tribal identifications and other comments in parentheses are by Harry Anderson. Note: In January 1965 an original print was located in the U. S. National Museum. (Division of Ethnology) collection which has the individuals numbered and a printed list of names attached to the mount. Presumably this is like the one from which Anderson worked at the South Dakota Historical Society. A new typed list was made, January '65, crediting the N. M. print as the source (and correcting some previous mis-readings of Anderson's writing) of the English names.
The English names are taken from an original print in the U. S. National Museum collection which has the individuals numbered and a printed list of names attached to the mount. The Indian names below were supplied in 1937 by Vernon W. Wrenne, Rockford, Illinois, with the help of Indian friends and a missionary to the Indians, Mr Thomas Riggs of Pierre, South Dakota, then aged 90. Tribal designations and other comments in parenthenses were supplied in 1960 by Harry Anderson, Assistant Secretary, South Dakota Historical Society, Pierre, South Dakota.
First Row, Left to Right: 1. G. L. Stevick - Teacher at Rosebud Agency; see BAE Photos Catalog Number 4574:(33). 2. Col. S. F. Tappen - Member of 1867-68 Peace Commission). 3. Col. R. S. Gardner, Inspector (Indian Department). - Possibly same as man at left in BAE Photos Catalog Number 4574:(13 ?) 4. R. V. Belt, Indian Department - Sometime acting Commissioner of Indian Affairs. 5. Hon. John V. Wright, Commissioner - Judge John V. Wright, Tennessee; see BAE Negative Number "Portraits" 13-b. 6. Rev. William J. Cleveland, Commissioner -Missionary at Rosebud Agency. 7. Capt. R. H. Pratt, Commissioner - Head of Carlisle Indian School. 8. Hon. John H. Oberly, Commissioner of Indian Affairs. 9. Gov. L. K. Church of Dakota Territory. 10. Hon. Edmond Rice, Minnesota.
Second Row, Left to Right: Rosebud Agency Delegation (All Brule Sioux) 1. Ugly Wild Horse (Bad Wild Horse) Sung-Wa-To-Gla Si-Ca, 2. Pretty Eagle (Good Eagle) Wan-Bli Wa-Ste, 3. He Dog, Sun-Ka Blo-Ka, 4. Good Voice, Ho Wa-Ste, 5. Quick Bear, Ma-To O-Han-Ke, 6. Black Wolf, Sun-K To-Ke-Ca Wak-Pa-Iya, 7. Swift Bear, Ma-To Luza-Han, 8. Ring Thunder, Wa-Kin-Yan Can Gle-Ska, 9. Two Strike, Nom Kahpa or Nom A Papi, 10. Grey Eagle Tail, Wandli Sinte Hota, 11. Sky Bull, Ta-Tan-Ka Ma-Hpi-Ya, 12. Red Fish, Ho-Gan Luta, 13. Yellow Hair, Hin-Zi, 14. Eagle Horse, Wan-Bli Sun-Ka, 15. Thomas Flood, Interpreter, 16. Col. L. F. Spencer, Agent at Rosebud.
Third Row, Left to Right: Standing Rock Agency Delegation. 1. Sitting Bull (Hunkpapa Sioux) Ta-Tan-Ka-Iyo-Tan-Ke, 2. Stephen Two Bears (Lower Yanktonai) Ma-To Non-Pa, 3. Bear's Rib (Hunkpapa Sioux), Ma-To Cu-Wi, 4. Thunder Hawk (Hunkpapa Sioux), Ce-Tan Wa-Kin-Yan, 5. High Eagle (Hunkpapa Sioux), Wan-Bli Wan-Kan-Tuya, 6. Big Head (Upper Yanktonai), Na-Su-La Tan-Ka or Pa Tan-Ka, 7. Mad Bear (Lower Yanktonai) (Brave Bear), Ma-To O-Hi-Ti-Ka, 8. Grey Eagle (Hunkpapa), Wan-Bli Ho Ta, 9. Hairy Chin (Hunkpapa) I-Ku Hin-La, 10. Walking Eagle (Upper Yanktonai), Wan-Bli Ma-Ni, called "Black Prairie Dog" in Lewis Crawford's Rekindling Campfires, Bismark, 1926, plate facing page 270 (showing Standing Rock delegation only), 11. High Bear (Upper Yanktonai), Ma-To Wan-Kan-Tu-Ya, 12. Fire Heart (Blackfoot Sioux), Can-Te Pe-Ta, 13. John Grass (Blackfoot Sioux) Pe-Ji (Si-Yo Wi-Ki, nickname), 14. Gall (Hunkpapa), Pi-Zi, 15. Louis Primeau, Interpreter, 16. Major James McLaughlin, Agent at Standing Rock.
Fourth Row, Left to Right: Pine Ridge Delegation (All Oglala except two, as indicated) 1. Dog Back, Sun-Ka Tapetu, 2. Standing Soldier, 1st Lieut., Agency Police. 3. Yellow Bear, 4. Little Hawk, Ce-Tan Ci-Ka-La, 5. Little Wound, Ta-Opi Ci-Ka-La, 6. Little Chief, Cheyenne, 7. Pretty Lance (Good Lance), Wa-Kin-Kpe Wa-Ste, 8. Standing Elk, Cheyenne, 9. Fast Thunder, Wa-Kin-Yan Lu-Za-Han, 10. No Flesh, Co-Ni-Ca Wa-Ni-Ca, 11. American Horse, Wa-Si-Cun Ta-Shum-Ke, 12. Capt. George Sword (Indian Police), 13. Plenty Bears, Ma-To O-Ta, 14. Benjamin Rowland, Interpreter (for Cheyennes), 15. Philip Wells, Interpreter, 16. Col. H. D. Gallagher, Agent at Pine Ridge. (There were a number of Northern Cheyenne still living on Pine Ridge in 1888; Little Chief and Standing Elk were their head men. --H. H. A.)
Fifth Row, Left to Right: Cheyenne River, Crow Creek, and Lower Brule Delegations. 1. White Ghost (Lower Yanktonai from Crow Creek), 2. Drifting Goose (Lower Yanktonai from Crow Creek), 3. Bowed Head (Yanktonai from Crow Creek), 4. Little Bear (Cheyenne River), Mato Cikala, 5. Spotted Elk (Cheyenne River; this Spotted Elk is the "Big Foot" of the Wounded Knee incident), 6. Crow Eagle (Cheyenne River), Kan-Gi Wan-Bli, 7. White Swan (Cheyenne River), Ma-Ga-Ska, 8. Charger (Cheyenne River), Wa-A-Na-Tan, 9. Spotted Eagle (Cheyenne River), Wan-Bli- Gle-Ska, 10. Swift Bird (Cheyenne River), Zi-Tka-La Lu-Za-Han, 11. Little No Heart (Cheyenne River), Can-Te Wa-Ni-Ca Ci-Ka-La, 12. Narcisse Narcelle (Interpreter, Crow Creek Agency), 13. Wm. Larabee (Also spelled Larvie), Interpreter (Crow Creek Agency), 14. Dr C. E. Mc Chesney, Agent at Cheyenne River Agency.
Sixth Row, Left to Right: 1. Mark Wells, Interpreter (Crow Creek), 2. Wm. Carpenter, Capt. of Police Force (Crow Creek), 3. Fire Thunder, Capt. of Police Force (Lower Brule), 4. Medicine Bull (Lower Brule), 5. Bull Head (Lower Brule), 6. Wizi (Lower Yanktonai from Crow Creek). Seventh Row, Left to Right: 1. Major W. W. Anderson, Agent at Crow Creek and Lower Brule, 2. Alec Recontre, Interpreter (Lower Brule Agency), 3. Joe Campbell, Interpreter [Identification by Wrenne, not identified on original].
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.10000522
OPPS NEG.3351 C
Local Note:
Black and white copy film negative
Place:
D C -- Washington
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation Search this
From the Wrenne list and the list from the South Dakota Historical Society have been compiled a list for distribution which combines the identifications from the two lists. Mr Anderson used a copy of the Wrenne list, submitted to him by the BAE, and made corrections and added the Agency names from the South Dakota Historical Society photograph. The South Dakota Historical Society list did not contain the Indian names; these are all from the Wrenne list. The tribal identifications and other comments in parentheses are by Harry Anderson. Note: In January 1965 an original print was located in the U. S. National Museum. (Division of Ethnology) collection which has the individuals numbered and a printed list of names attached to the mount. Presumably this is like the one from which Anderson worked at the South Dakota Historical Society. A new typed list was made, January '65, crediting the N. M. print as the source (and correcting some previous mis-readings of Anderson's writing) of the English names.
The English names are taken from an original print in the U. S. National Museum collection which has the individuals numbered and a printed list of names attached to the mount. The Indian names below were supplied in 1937 by Vernon W. Wrenne, Rockford, Illinois, with the help of Indian friends and a missionary to the Indians, Mr Thomas Riggs of Pierre, South Dakota, then aged 90. Tribal designations and other comments in parenthenses were supplied in 1960 by Harry Anderson, Assistant Secretary, South Dakota Historical Society, Pierre, South Dakota.
First Row, Left to Right: 1. G. L. Stevick - Teacher at Rosebud Agency; see BAE Photos Catalog Number 4574:(33). 2. Col. S. F. Tappen - Member of 1867-68 Peace Commission). 3. Col. R. S. Gardner, Inspector (Indian Department). - Possibly same as man at left in BAE Photos Catalog Number 4574:(13 ?) 4. R. V. Belt, Indian Department - Sometime acting Commissioner of Indian Affairs. 5. Hon. John V. Wright, Commissioner - Judge John V. Wright, Tennessee; see BAE Negative Number "Portraits" 13-b. 6. Rev. William J. Cleveland, Commissioner -Missionary at Rosebud Agency. 7. Capt. R. H. Pratt, Commissioner - Head of Carlisle Indian School. 8. Hon. John H. Oberly, Commissioner of Indian Affairs. 9. Gov. L. K. Church of Dakota Territory. 10. Hon. Edmond Rice, Minnesota.
Second Row, Left to Right: Rosebud Agency Delegation (All Brule Sioux) 1. Ugly Wild Horse (Bad Wild Horse) Sung-Wa-To-Gla Si-Ca, 2. Pretty Eagle (Good Eagle) Wan-Bli Wa-Ste, 3. He Dog, Sun-Ka Blo-Ka, 4. Good Voice, Ho Wa-Ste, 5. Quick Bear, Ma-To O-Han-Ke, 6. Black Wolf, Sun-K To-Ke-Ca Wak-Pa-Iya, 7. Swift Bear, Ma-To Luza-Han, 8. Ring Thunder, Wa-Kin-Yan Can Gle-Ska, 9. Two Strike, Nom Kahpa or Nom A Papi, 10. Grey Eagle Tail, Wandli Sinte Hota, 11. Sky Bull, Ta-Tan-Ka Ma-Hpi-Ya, 12. Red Fish, Ho-Gan Luta, 13. Yellow Hair, Hin-Zi, 14. Eagle Horse, Wan-Bli Sun-Ka, 15. Thomas Flood, Interpreter, 16. Col. L. F. Spencer, Agent at Rosebud.
Third Row, Left to Right: Standing Rock Agency Delegation. 1. Sitting Bull (Hunkpapa Sioux) Ta-Tan-Ka-Iyo-Tan-Ke, 2. Stephen Two Bears (Lower Yanktonai) Ma-To Non-Pa, 3. Bear's Rib (Hunkpapa Sioux), Ma-To Cu-Wi, 4. Thunder Hawk (Hunkpapa Sioux), Ce-Tan Wa-Kin-Yan, 5. High Eagle (Hunkpapa Sioux), Wan-Bli Wan-Kan-Tuya, 6. Big Head (Upper Yanktonai), Na-Su-La Tan-Ka or Pa Tan-Ka, 7. Mad Bear (Lower Yanktonai) (Brave Bear), Ma-To O-Hi-Ti-Ka, 8. Grey Eagle (Hunkpapa), Wan-Bli Ho Ta, 9. Hairy Chin (Hunkpapa) I-Ku Hin-La, 10. Walking Eagle (Upper Yanktonai), Wan-Bli Ma-Ni, called "Black Prairie Dog" in Lewis Crawford's Rekindling Campfires, Bismark, 1926, plate facing page 270 (showing Standing Rock delegation only), 11. High Bear (Upper Yanktonai), Ma-To Wan-Kan-Tu-Ya, 12. Fire Heart (Blackfoot Sioux), Can-Te Pe-Ta, 13. John Grass (Blackfoot Sioux) Pe-Ji (Si-Yo Wi-Ki, nickname), 14. Gall (Hunkpapa), Pi-Zi, 15. Louis Primeau, Interpreter, 16. Major James McLaughlin, Agent at Standing Rock.
Fourth Row, Left to Right: Pine Ridge Delegation (All Oglala except two, as indicated) 1. Dog Back, Sun-Ka Tapetu, 2. Standing Soldier, 1st Lieut., Agency Police. 3. Yellow Bear, 4. Little Hawk, Ce-Tan Ci-Ka-La, 5. Little Wound, Ta-Opi Ci-Ka-La, 6. Little Chief, Cheyenne, 7. Pretty Lance (Good Lance), Wa-Kin-Kpe Wa-Ste, 8. Standing Elk, Cheyenne, 9. Fast Thunder, Wa-Kin-Yan Lu-Za-Han, 10. No Flesh, Co-Ni-Ca Wa-Ni-Ca, 11. American Horse, Wa-Si-Cun Ta-Shum-Ke, 12. Capt. George Sword (Indian Police), 13. Plenty Bears, Ma-To O-Ta, 14. Benjamin Rowland, Interpreter (for Cheyennes), 15. Philip Wells, Interpreter, 16. Col. H. D. Gallagher, Agent at Pine Ridge. (There were a number of Northern Cheyenne still living on Pine Ridge in 1888; Little Chief and Standing Elk were their head men. --H. H. A.)
Fifth Row, Left to Right: Cheyenne River, Crow Creek, and Lower Brule Delegations. 1. White Ghost (Lower Yanktonai from Crow Creek), 2. Drifting Goose (Lower Yanktonai from Crow Creek), 3. Bowed Head (Yanktonai from Crow Creek), 4. Little Bear (Cheyenne River), Mato Cikala, 5. Spotted Elk (Cheyenne River; this Spotted Elk is the "Big Foot" of the Wounded Knee incident), 6. Crow Eagle (Cheyenne River), Kan-Gi Wan-Bli, 7. White Swan (Cheyenne River), Ma-Ga-Ska, 8. Charger (Cheyenne River), Wa-A-Na-Tan, 9. Spotted Eagle (Cheyenne River), Wan-Bli- Gle-Ska, 10. Swift Bird (Cheyenne River), Zi-Tka-La Lu-Za-Han, 11. Little No Heart (Cheyenne River), Can-Te Wa-Ni-Ca Ci-Ka-La, 12. Narcisse Narcelle (Interpreter, Crow Creek Agency), 13. Wm. Larabee (Also spelled Larvie), Interpreter (Crow Creek Agency), 14. Dr C. E. Mc Chesney, Agent at Cheyenne River Agency.
Sixth Row, Left to Right: 1. Mark Wells, Interpreter (Crow Creek), 2. Wm. Carpenter, Capt. of Police Force (Crow Creek), 3. Fire Thunder, Capt. of Police Force (Lower Brule), 4. Medicine Bull (Lower Brule), 5. Bull Head (Lower Brule), 6. Wizi (Lower Yanktonai from Crow Creek). Seventh Row, Left to Right: 1. Major W. W. Anderson, Agent at Crow Creek and Lower Brule, 2. Alec Recontre, Interpreter (Lower Brule Agency), 3. Joe Campbell, Interpreter [Identification by Wrenne, not identified on original].
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.10000525
OPPS NEG.43563
Local Note:
Black and white copy film negative
Place:
D C -- Washington
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation Search this
Portraits of Native Americans made by Charles Milton Bell in his Washington, DC studio. Depicted individuals include Red Cloud, Oglala; Spotted Tail, Brule; Quanah Parker, Comanche; Nawat, Arapaho; Scabby Bull, Arapaho; Wolf Robe, Cheyenne; D. W. Bushyhead, Cherokee; John Jumper, Seminole; Plenty Coups, Crow; Rushing Bear, Arikara; Gall, Hunkpapa; John Grass, Sihasapa; Lean Wolf, Hidatsa; Chief Joseph, Nez Perce; and Lone Wolf, Kiowa; as well as people associated with Pawnee Bill's Wild West Show. The collection also includes copies of some images by other photographers, including G. G. Rockwood and F. T. Cummins.
Biographical/Historical note:
Charles Milton Bell (circa 1849-1893) was the youngest member of a family of photographers that operated a studio in Washington, DC, from around 1860-1874. Bell established his own studio on Pennsylvania Avenue in 1873 and it rapidly became one of the leading photography studios in the city. Bell developed the patronage of Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden, who sent Native American visitors to the studio to have their portraits made. Bell also made photographs of Native Americans for the Department of the Interior and the Bureau of American Ethnology.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 80, NAA MS 4661
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Copy prints previously filed in MS 4661 have been relocated and merged with Photo Lot 80. These are also copy prints of Bell negatives that were acquired from Boyce and form part of this collection.
Additional C. M. Bell photographs held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 4420, Photo Lot 24, Photo Lot 60, Photo Lot 81-44, Photo lot 87-2P, and Photo Lot 90-1.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Topic:
Indians of North America -- Southern states Search this
MS 933-b Biloxi vocabulary with some cognate forms in Catawba, Santee, Yankton and Teton Dakota, Hidatsa, Kansa and Tutelo In Department of the Interior schedule
Creator:
Gatschet, Albert S. (Albert Samuel), 1832-1907 Search this
173 entries in printed U. S. Geographical and Geological Survey "Comparative Vocabulary" form. Corrections of entries 92 and 93 by J. Owen Dorsey.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 933-b
Local Note:
Autograph document signed
General:
Previously titled"Biloxi vocabulary (collected October - November, 1886) with some cognate forms in Catawba, Santee, Yankton and Teton Dakota, Hidatsa, Kansa and Tutelo."
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation Search this
Photographs depicting tribal delegates, probably made by Robert M. Farring during tribal group visits to the Bureau of Indian Affairs Washington office. Many of the photographs were originally mounted in notebooks with identification of pictured individuals and their affiliations.
Biographical/Historical note:
Robert M. Farring, Jr. is an employee in the Tribal Operations office of the Bureau of Indian Affairs in Washington, DC.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 85-21
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Additional photographs of Native American delegations can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in Photo Lot 4286, MS 4638, Photo Lot 87-2P, Photo Lot 90-1, and the BAE historical negatives.
Indians of North America -- Southwest, New Search this
Indians of North America -- California Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Date:
undated
Scope and Contents:
On cards compiled from information furnished in reply to letters of inquiry. The information is secondary and lacks documentation. Terms of the following languages are thought to be included: Achomawi, Alibamu, Arikara, Athapascan, Blackfoot, Catawba, Choctaw, Copehan, Creek, Dakota, Hitchiti, Hopi, Iowa, Kansa, Klikitat, Mandan, Muskhogean, Niuskoki, Nez Perce, Omaha, Osage, Oto, Paiute, Pawnee, Piman, Ponka, Quapaw, Santee, Seminole, Shahaptian, Shoshone, Teton, Washakie, Winnebago, Ute, Yankton.
To a considerable degree, the James H. Howard papers consist of manuscript copies of articles, book, speeches, and reviews that document his professional work in anthropology, ethnology, ethnohistory, archeology, linguistics, musicology, and folklore between 1950 and 1982. Among these are a few unpublished items. Notes are relatively scant, there being somewhat appreciable materials for the Chippewa, Choctaw, Creek, Dakota, Omaha, Ponca, Seminole, and Shawnee. The chief field materials represented in the collection are sound recordings and photographs, but many of the latter are yet to be unidentified. A series of color photographs of Indian artifacts in folders are mostly identified and represent the extensive American Indian Cultural collection of costumes and artifacts that Howard acquired and created. Other documents include copies of papers and other research materials of colleagues. There is very little original material related to archeological work in the collection and that which is present concerns contract work for the Lone State Steel Company.
Scope and Contents:
The James Henri Howard papers document his research and professional activities from 1949-1982 and primarily deal with his work as an anthropologist, archeologist, and ethnologist, studying Native American languages & cultures. The collection consists of Series 1 correspondence; Series 2 writings and research, which consists of subject files (language and culture research materials), manuscripts, research proposals, Indian claim case materials, Howard's publications, publications of others, and bibliographical materials; Series 3 sound recordings of Native American music and dance; Series 4 photographs; and Series 5 drawings and artwork.
Howard was also a linguist, musicologist, and folklorist, as well as an informed and able practitioner in the fields of dance and handicrafts. His notable books include Choctaw Music and Dance; Oklahoma Seminoles: Medicines, Magic, and Religion; and Shawnee! The Ceremonialism of a Native American Tribe and its Cultural Background.
Some materials are oversize, specifically these three Winter Count items: 1. a Dakota Winter Count made of cloth in 1953 at the request of James H. Howard, 2. a drawing of British Museum Winter Count on 4 sheets of paper, and 3. Photographs of a Winter Count.
Arrangement:
This collection is arranged in 5 series: Series 1. Correspondence, 1960-1982, undated; Series 2. Writings and Research, 1824-1992; Series 3. Sound Recordings, 1960-1979; Series 4. Photographs, 1879-1985; Series 5. Drawings and Artwork, 1928-1982.
Chronology:
1925 -- James Henri Howard was born on September 10 in Redfield, South Dakota.
1949 -- Received his Bachelor of Arts from the University of Nebraska.
1950 -- Received his Master of Arts from the University of Nebraska and began a prolific record of publishing.
1950-1953 -- Began his first professional employment as an archaeologist and preparator at the North Dakota State Historical Museum in Bismarck.
1955-1957 -- Was a museum lecturer at the Kansas City (Missouri) Museum.
1957 -- James H. Howard received his Ph.D. at the University of Michigan. Joined the staff of the Smithsonian's River Basin Surveys in the summer.
1957-1963 -- Taught anthropology at the University of North Dakota.
1962 -- Chief archeologist at the Fortress of Louisberg Archeological Project in Nova Scotia.
1963-1968 -- Taught anthropology at the University of South Dakota; State Archeologist of South Dakota; Director of the W. H. Over Dakota Museum.
1963-1966 -- Director of the Institute of Indian Studies, University of South Dakota.
1968-1982 -- Associate professor of anthropology at Oklahoma State University at Stillwater (became a full professor in 1971).
1979 -- Consulted for exhibitions at the Western Heritage Museum in Omaha, Nebraska.
1982 -- Died October 1 after a brief illness.
Biographical/Historical note:
James H. Howard was trained in anthropology at the University of Nebraska (B.A., 1949; M.A., 1950) and the University of Michigan (Ph.D., 1957). In 1950-1953, he served as archeologist and preparator at the North Dakota State Historical Museum; and, in 1955-1957, he was on the staff of the Kansas City (Missouri) Museum. During the summer of 1957, he joined the staff of the Smithsonian's River Basin Surveys. Between 1957 and 1963, he taught anthropology at the Universtity of North Dakota. Between 1963 and 1968, he served in several capacities with the University of South Dakota including assistant and associate professor, director of the Institute of Indian Studies (1963-1966), and Director of the W.H. Over Museum (1963-1968). In 1968, he joined the Department of Sociology at Oklahoma State University, where he achieved the rank of professor in 1970. In 1979, he was a consultant for exhibitions at the Western Heritage Museum in Omaha, Nebraska.
Howard's abiding interest were the people of North America, whom he studied both as an ethnologist and archeologist. Between 1949 and 1982, he worked with the Ponca, Omaha, Yankton and Yaktonai Dakota, Yamasee, Plains Ojibwa (or Bungi), Delaware, Seneca-Cayuga, Prairie Potatwatomi of Kansas, Mississipi and Oklahoma Choctaw, Oklahoma Seminole, and Pawnee. His interest in these people varied from group to group. With some he carried out general culture studies; with other, special studies of such phenomena as ceremonies, art, dance, and music. For some, he was interest in environmental adaptation and land use, the latter particularly for the Pawnee, Yankton Dakota, Plains Ojibwa, Turtle Mountain Chippewa, and Ponca, for which he served as consultant and expert witness in suits brought before the United Stated Indian Claims Commisssion. A long-time museum man, Howard was also interested in items of Indian dress, articles associated with ceremonies, and other artifacts. He was "a thoroughgoing participant-observer and was a member of the Ponca Hethuska Society, a sharer in ceremonial activities of many Plains tribes, and a first-rate 'powwow man'." (American Anthropologist 1986, 88:692).
As an archeologist, Howard worked at Like-a-Fishhook Village in North Dakota, Spawn Mound and other sites in South Dakota, Gavin Point in Nebraska and South Dakota, Weston and Hogshooter sites in Oklahoma, and the Fortess of Louisbourg in Nova Scotia. He also conducted surveys for the Lone Star Steel Company in Haskall, Latimer, Le Flore and Pittsburg counties in Oklahoma.
Related Materials:
Howard's American Indian Cultural Collection of Costumes and Artifacts, that he acquired and created during his lifetime, is currently located at the Milwaukee Public Museum. In Boxes 19-21 of the James Henri Howard Papers, there are photographs with accompanying captions and descriptions in binders of his American Indian Cultural Collection of Costumes and Artifacts that his widow, Elfriede Heinze Howard, created in order to sell the collection to a museum.
Provenance:
These papers were donated to the National Anthropological Archives by James Henri Howard's wife,
Elfriede Heinz Howard, in 1988-1990, 1992, & 1994.
Restrictions:
The James Henri Howard papers are open for research.
Access to the James Henri Howard papers requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact repository for terms of use.
Topic:
Indians of North America -- Southern states Search this
Photographs made by Stanley J. Morrow depicting Plains Indians, agencies, and United States Army installations and expeditions. About half of the subjects relate to American Indians, including Arikara, Hidatsa, Mandan, Ponca, Crow, Cheyenne, Bannock, Hunkpapa, Oglala, and other Teton Sioux including "Loafer Band," Yanktonai, Santee, Sisseton and Wahpeton. The rest include views of Yankton, Vermillion, Deadwood and Rapid City in the 1880s; Civil War scenes; the Battle of Slim Buttes (1876); the reburial expedition at Little Big Horn (1877); and Morrow family portraits. Though the bulk of the photographs appear to have been made by Morrow, some were likely created by other photographers.
Biographical/Historical note:
Stanley J. Morrow (1843-1921) was a pioneer photographer who documented American Indians, forts and agencies, and military expeditions, largely in the Great Plains region. Born in Richland County, Ohio, Morrow received his first training in photography as Matthew B. Brady's volunteer assistant (ca. 1863-1865) in the US Army. Morrow was mustered out of the army in early 1865 and returned to Wisconsin to marry Iza Ketchum. Late in 1868, Morrow and his family moved to Yankton, Dakota Territory, where he opened a studio. In 1874, Morrow opened a branch photo gallery in St. Helena, Nebraska, and photographed the territorial legislature. Morrow was an official photographer under the command of General George Crook after the battle of the Little Big Horn, photographing the Battle of Slim Buttes in September 1876. He was also the photographer for the initial reburial expedition at Little Big Horn under W. K. Sanderson in 1877. The Morrow family moved to Florida in 1883, though Stanley Morrow continued to photograph in the South and East until his death.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot R4468
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Additional Stanley J. Morrow photographs held in National Anthropological Archives Photo lot 140, MS 4751, Photo Lot 90-1, Photo lot 79, MS 4720, and the BAE historical negatives.
The National Museum of the American Indian Archives holds Stanley J. Morrow photographs and negative collection, and Morrow photographs in the General Nelson A. Miles collection.
Contained in:
Numbered manuscripts 1850s-1980s (some earlier)
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
This copy collection has been obtained for reference purposes only. Permission to publish must be obtained from the Over Museum which has the copy negatives and is planning publication of some of the collection.
Images of people and United States peace commissions in and around Fort Laramie during treaty negotiations with Plains tribes in 1868. The collection includes images of Major Grimes, a surgeon Schnell, and A. S. H. White (Secretary of the 1868 treaty).
Biographical/Historical note:
Alexander Gardner (1821-1882) was a Scottish immigrant who first worked as an assistant to photographer Matthew Brady. He accompanied the 1868 Peace Commission to Fort Laramie for treaty negotiations between the United States government and the Oglala, Miniconjou, Brulé, Yanktonai, and Arapaho tribes.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 2000-10
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Additional Gardner photographs held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 24, Photo Lot 87-2P, Photo Lot 90-1, and the BAE historical negatives.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Stereographs
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 2000-10, Alexander Gardner photographs of Fort Laramie during treaty negotiations, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.
