The exhibition records of the Contemporary Study Wing of the Finch College Museum of Art measure 20.9 linear feet and date from 1943 to 1975, with the bulk of records dating from the period its galleries were in operation, from 1964 to 1975. Over two-thirds of the collection consists of exhibition files, which contain a wide range of documentation including artist files, checklists, correspondence, writings, photographs, interviews, numerous films and videos, artist statements, printed materials, and other records. Also found within the collection are administrative records of the museum, artist files, and papers of the Contemporary Wing's director and curator, Elayne Varian, which were produced outside of her work at Finch College.
Scope and Contents:
The exhibition records of the Contemporary Study Wing of the Finch College Museum of Art measure 20.9 linear feet and date from 1943 to 1975, with the bulk of records dating from the period its galleries were in operation, from 1964 to 1975. Over two-thirds of the collection consists of exhibition files, which contain a wide range of documentation including artist files, checklists, correspondence, writings, photographs, interviews, numerous films and videos, artist statements, printed materials, and other records. Also found within the collection are administrative records of the museum, artist files, and papers of the Contemporary Wing's director and curator, Elayne Varian, which were produced outside of her work at Finch College.
Administrative records include records relating to the general operation of the Contemporary Wing concerning fundraising, professional associations, budget, contact information for artists, donors, and lenders to exhibitions. Also found are records of the permanent collection of artworks acquired by the museum between 1964 and 1975 from contemporary artists and collectors of contemporary art.
Artist files contain basic biographical information on over 150 contemporary artists, with scattered correspondence, photographs, technical information about artworks, artist statements, and other writings. Artist files also include an incomplete run of artist questionnaires gathered by the New York Arts Calendar Annual for 1964.
Elayne Varian's personal papers include curatorial records, a course schedule and syllabus related to her teaching activities, and various writings. Curatorial projects documented in Varian's papers include three programs produced outside of Finch College, including a juried show at the New York State Fair in 1967, a film series at Everson Museum of Syracuse University, and an exhibition at Guild Hall in East Hampton in 1973. Several of Varian's writing projects involved interviews, which are also found in this series in the form of sound recordings and transcripts. Interview-based writing projects include individual profiles on Brian O'Doherty and Babette Newberger, and interviews conducted for an article on the artist-dealer relationship published in Art in America (January 1970). Dealers interviewed for the latter project include Leo Castelli, Virginia Dwan, John Gibson, Richard Feigen, Arnold Glimcher, Fred Mueller, Martha Jackson, Sidney Janis, Betty Parsons, Seth Siegelaub, and Howard Wise. Artists interviewed include Roy Lichtenstein, Adolph Gottlieb, and Charles Ross.
Exhibition files, comprising the bulk of the collection, document exhibitions held in the Contemporary Wing during its existence from 1964 to 1975. Types of records found in the series include exhibition catalogs, correspondence, loan agreements, lists, contact information, insurance valuations of artworks, photographs, biographical information on artists, clippings, posters, press releases, and other publicity materials. In addition to the rich textual and photographic records found for exhibitions, numerous audiovisual recordings are also found, some of which were made in preparation for an exhibition, some document mounted exhibitions, and others are artworks themselves or components of artworks exhibited in the galleries. Interviews with artists, dealers, and others involved in exhibitions include Alan Sonfist, Mel Bochner, Hans Richter, Ruth Richards, James Brooks and Janet Katz, Margaret Benyon, Irwin Hollander (transcript only), David Anderson, Doris Chase, Will Insley, Michael Kirby, Les Levine, Ursula Meyer, Brian O'Doherty, Charles Ross, Tony Smith, Douglas Davis, Jane Davis, Russ Connor, Les Levine, Michael Mazur, Paul Gedeohn, and physicists Lloyd G. Cross, Allyn Z. Lite, and Gerald Thomas Bern Pethick. Video artworks, recordings of performances, or components of multimedia artworks are found by artists Vito Acconci, Kathy Dillon, Douglas Davis, Dan Graham, Les Levine, Bruce Nauman, Michael Netter, Eric Siegel, and Robert Whitman. A film of the Art in Process: The Visual Development of a Structure (1966) exhibition is found, and video recordings of artists Lynda Benglis, Michael Singer, and Sam Wiener form as part of the documentation for the Projected Art: Artists at Work (1971) exhibition.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged as 4 series.
Missing Title
Series 1: Administrative Records, 1950-1975 (2 linear feet; Boxes 1-2, 22, OV 23)
Series 2: Artist Files, 1958-1975 (2.4 linear feet; Boxes 3-4, 22, OV 23, FC 27-28)
Series 3: Elayne Varian Personal Papers, 1965-1970 (1.3 linear feet; Boxes 5-6)
Series 4: Exhibition Files, 1943-1975 (14.9 linear feet; Boxes 6-22, OV 24-25, FC 26)
Biographical / Historical:
The Contemporary Study Wing of the Finch College Museum of Art, later called simply the "Contemporary Wing," was established in 1964 by the president of Finch College, Roland De Marco, as an extension the Finch College Museum of Art in New York City.
Its mission was to educate art history students at the Manhattan women's college who were interested in working with contemporary art. DeMarco, himself an art collector, hired Elayne Varian as director and curator of the contemporary wing. DeMarco met Varian in the New York office of the prominent international art dealership Duveen Brothers, where she had worked since the mid-1940s, most recently as an art dealer. Varian received her art education in Chicago, where she studied art history and education at the University of Chicago, and took classes in film at the Bauhaus and in fine art the Art Institute of Chicago. Sensitive to emerging art movements in galleries and studios around the city of New York, as the contemporary wing's curator, Varian quickly established a reputation for thoughtfully conceived, cutting-edge exhibitions which were consistently well-received by the press.
Under Varian, the Contemporary Wing carried out a dual mission of showing work of living artists and educating students and the public about the artwork and museum work in general. Varian used the galleries to provide practical training to students interested in a gallery or museum career throughout its existence. For several years, she also maintained an assistantship position for post-graduate museum professionals to gain experience in the field, many of whom went on to careers in museums across New York State.
The Contemporary Wing's best-known exhibitions formed a series of six shows called Art in Process, held between 1965 and 1972. Each of the Art in Process shows took a different medium, including painting, sculpture, collage, conceptual art, installation art, and serial art, and brought the process of art-making into the gallery with the artworks in various ways. For example, for Art in Process V (1972), the show about installation art, the galleries were open to the public for the entire process of its installation, allowing visitors to watch the works take shape. Another show entitled Documentation (1968) exhibited artworks with documentation such as artist's notes, sales records, and conservation records, bringing to light the value of record-keeping in the visual arts. Two exhibitions entitled Projected Art were also innovative, with the first (1966-1967) bringing experimental films from the cinema to the galleries, and the second (1971) showing artists' processes via footage and slides of artists working. Another show, Artists' Videotape Performances (1971), involved both screening of and creation of works in the gallery using a range of experiments with recent video technology. The museum also participated in an experimental broadcast of an artwork entitled Talk Out! by Douglas Davis, in which a telephone in the gallery allowed visitors to participate in its creation while it was broadcast live from Syracuse, NY. Other exhibitions that showcased experimentation in art included N-Dimensional Space (1970), on holography in art, Destruction Art(1968), on destructive actions being incorporated into contemporary art-making, and Schemata 7 (1967), a show about the use of environments in contemporary art, whose working title was "Walk-in Sculpture."
Other popular exhibitions at the Contemporary Wing included shows on Art Deco (1970) and Art Nouveau (1969). Several shows mined the private collections of prominent contemporary art collectors including Martha Jackson, Betty Parsons, George Rickey, Paul Magriel, Jacques Kaplan, Josephine and Philip Bruno, and Carlo F. Bilotti. A number of exhibitions featured contemporary art from overseas including Art from Belgium (1965), Art from Finland (1973), Seven Swedish Painters (1965), and Art in Jewelry (1966), which featured mainly international jewelry artists. Retrospective exhibitions of Hans Richter, Hugo Weber, and James Brooks were also held.
Hundreds of contemporary artists were shown at the Contemporary Wing in the eleven years of its existence, including many who came to be leading figures in contemporary art, and some who already were, including Andy Warhol, Roy Lichtenstein, Mel Bochner, Eva Hesse, Lynda Benglis, Bruce Nauman, Robert Morris, Lawrence Weiner, Robert Smithson, Sol Le Witt, Dan Flavin, Philip Pearlstein, and Yayoi Kusama, to name just a few.
The Contemporary Wing and the entire Finch College Museum of Art shut its doors in 1975, when Finch College closed due to lack of funds. The permanent collection was sold at that time, and the proceeds were used to pay Finch College employee salaries. Elayne Varian went on to the position of curator of contemporary art at the John and Mabel Ringling Museum in Sarasota, Florida. She died in 1987.
Related Materials:
Also found in the Archives of American Art is an oral history interview with curator Elayne Varian conducted by Paul Cummings, May 2, 1975.
Provenance:
The Archives of American Art acquired these records from the Finch College Museum of Art after it closed permanently in June 1975.
Restrictions:
Use of original papers requires an appointment. Use of archival audiovisual recordings with no duplicate access copy requires advance notice.
Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
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Video artists -- New York (State) -- New York Search this
Museum administrators -- New York (State) -- New York Search this
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Topic:
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Exhibition records of the Contemporary Study Wing of the Finch College Museum of Art, 1943-1975. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Sponsor:
Funding for the processing of this collection was provided by the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, administered through the Council on Library and Information Resources' Hidden Collections grant program. Funding for the digitization of two motion picture films was provided by the Smithsonian Women's Committee, and for the remaining sound and video recordings from the Smithsonian's Collection Care Pool Fund. Funding for the digitization of the collection, not including audiovisual materials, was provided by The Walton Family Foundation and the Terra Foundation for American Art.
The records of the Howard Wise Gallery in New York, and its predecessor the Howard Wise Gallery of Present Day Painting and Sculpture in Cleveland, Ohio, measure 11.4 linear feet and date from 1943-1989. Records consist of correspondence, artist files, exhibition files, business records, writings, and video recordings that document the activities of Wise's gallery in Cleveland from 1957-1961 and, to a lesser extent, his gallery in New York City from 1960-1970. Wise's activities following the closing of the Howard Wise Gallery are also found among the correspondence, artist files, business records, writings, and video recordings.
Scope and Content Note:
The records of the Howard Wise Gallery in New York, and its predecessor the Howard Wise Gallery of Present Day Painting and Sculpture in Cleveland, Ohio, measure 11.4 linear feet and date from 1943-1989. Records consist of correspondence, artist files, exhibition files, business records, writings, and video recordings that document the activities of Wise's gallery in Cleveland from 1957-1961 and, to a lesser extent, his gallery in New York City from 1960-1970. Wise's activities following the closing of the Howard Wise Gallery are also found among the correspondence, artist files, business records, writings, and video recordings.
Correspondence documents the operations of Wise's galleries in Cleveland and New York. A few subject files and a small amount of Howard Wise's personal correspondence (some pre-dating and post-dating the galleries) are also included in this series.
Artist files contain varying combinations of correspondence, printed material, notes and writings, and photographs. Most artists represented in this series were affiliated with Howard Wise Gallery either in Cleveland or New York City, but some files are for individuals of potential interest to the gallery, and those of continued interest to Wise after the closing of the gallery. Exhibition files contain correspondence, printed material, guest lists, and notes. Exhibition files are not a comprehensive record of exhibitions held in Wise's galleries.
Business records include records of cash disbursements that are primarily for Howard Wise's travel and entertainment expenses. Business memoranda and correspondence between the Cleveland and New York galleries document sales, inventory, shipments and financial information. Also among the business records are photographs of the Howard Wise Gallery of Present Day Painting and Sculpture in Cleveland, a set of slides of artworks and installation views dating to the late 1950s, and inventories and loan documentation related to Howard Wise's personal art collection. Writings consist of essays and speeches by Howard Wise, writings on Howard Wise and the Howard Wise Gallery artists by Douglas MacAgy and Marita Sturken, and a typescript recollection of a dinner party conversation with Supreme Court Justice Warren Burger from 1973.
Video recordings include 41 videoreels and videocassettes, a log book of video shot by Wise in the early 1970s, and a program for a screening of his videos held in Wellfleet, Mass. Recordings are mainly unedited footage of interviews with artists and community figures, gallery openings, and other community events in Wellfleet, Mass. and the greater Cape Cod region. A log book and detailed labels on videos provide details about their content. Three edited works made by Wise from the raw footage include "video portraits" of Serge Chermayeff, Edwin Dickinson, and Jack Tworkov. Also found is footage from the premiere performance of Jean Dubuffet's Coucou Bazaar at the Guggenheim Museum, and a dinner party attended by Dubuffet. Video of works by other artists include footage from media and kinetic artworks shown in the Howard Wise Gallery from 1964-1967, as well as a video performance by Hannah Wilke from 1974.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged as 5 series:
Missing Title
Series 1: Correspondence, 1943-1984 (Boxes 1-2; 2.0 linear ft.)
Series 2: Artist Files, 1950-1984 (Boxes 3-6; 3.4 linear ft.)
Series 3: Exhibition Files, 1957-1968 (Boxes 6-7; 0.9 linear ft.)
Series 4: Business Records, 1957-1989 (Boxes 7-9; 2.6 linear ft.)
Series 5: Writings, 1957-1984 (Box 9; 4 folders)
Series 6: Video Recordings, 1973-1985 (2.5 linear feet)
Historical Note:
After twenty-five years as president of Arco Company, his family's industrial paint and varnish manufacturing business in Cleveland, Howard Wise (1903-1989) sold his interest in the business and began to pursue his own artistic interests. The Howard Wise Gallery of Present Day Painting and Sculpture opened in Cleveland in 1957 and operated for the next five years. It first showed School of Paris and New York painters and also sold prints. With the exception of a few collectors and loyal customers, Clevelanders did not appreciate Wise's efforts to bring the best new art from all over the world to the city. The Cleveland Plain Dealer ran several editorials ridiculing modern art in general and Howard Wise and his gallery in particular. Attendance was poor and Wise decided to relocate to New York.
After a year of searching for a suitable location and renovating the space, Howard Wise Gallery opened at 50 West 57th Street in 1960. The gallery generated excitement among visitors and artists, and sales and attendance were much better than in Cleveland. After closing the Cleveland gallery in 1961 Wise never again returned to his native city. Despite being well received and conducting significantly more business in New York, the gallery was not a great financial success. Between 1962 and 1965, art consultant Douglas MacAgy, a friend and the former director of the Dallas Museum of Art, worked with Wise in running the gallery. Although the critics were not always favorably impressed, Howard Wise Gallery had a significant following and made important contributions through its support of the use of technology in art, specifically kinetic and light sculpture and the video art movement.
By the late 1960s, Wise recognized that a gallery setting was not suitable for many of the new art forms. He closed Howard Wise Gallery in 1970 so that he could focus his energy and resources on exploring the best way to support environmental sculpture, political work, and video art. Wise founded Electronic Arts Intermix in 1971. Originally an artist-run umbrella organization, today Electronic Arts Intermix is a non-profit videotape distribution service and editing facility, that has amassed an important and highly regarded video art collection.
Related Material:
Also found in the Archives of American Art is an oral history interview with Howard Wise conducted by Paul Cummings on February 22, 1971. The Harvard Art Museum Archives also holds archival records of the Howard Wise Gallery.
Separated Material:
The Archives of American Art also holds microfilm of material lent for microfilming (reel N70-77) including publicity materials, correspondence, exhibition plans, text of an exhibition catalog, and photographs relating to Howard Kiesler. Lent materials were returned to the lender and are not described in the collection container inventory.
Provenance:
In 1979, the Howard Wise Gallery lent material to the Archives of American Art for microfilming. The rest of the collection was donated by Howard Wise in 1971 and by Barbara Wise, Howard Wise's widow via Dana Kasarsky, Wise's daughter-in-law in 2011.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research. Use requires an appointment. Use of archival audiovisual recordings with no duplicate access copy requires advance notice.
Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Researchers must handle unprotected photographs with cotton gloves. Researchers may use reference copies of audio-visual materials. When no reference copy exists, the Archives Center staff will produce reference copies on an "as needed" basis and as resources allow.
Viewing film portions of the collection requires special appointment, please inquire; listening to LP recordings is only possible by special arrangement.
Gloves must be worn when handling unprotected photographs and negatives. Special arrangements required to view materials in cold storage. Using cold room materials requires a three hour waiting period. Contact the Archives Center at 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
Civilian Conservation Corps Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
Interview of Howard Wise conducted 1971 February 22, by Paul Cummings, for the Archives of American Art.
Biographical / Historical:
Howard Wise (1903-1989) was an art administrator from New York, N.Y.
General:
Originally recorded on 1 sound tape reel. Reformatted in 2010 as 4 digital wav files. Duration is 1 hr., 39 min.
Provenance:
These interviews are part of the Archives of American Art Oral History Program, started in 1958 to document the history of the visual arts in the United States, primarily through interviews with artists, historians, dealers, critics and others.
The records of the Waddell Gallery, a contemporary art gallery that was located in New York City, date from 1961 to 1978 and measure 6.5 linear feet. The records include administrative files, correspondence, artists' files, and sales and stock records.
Scope and Contents:
The records of the Waddell Gallery, a contemporary art gallery that was located in New York City, date from 1961 to 1978 and measure 6.5 linear feet. The records include administrative files, correspondence, artists' files, and sales and stock records.
Administrative files consist of employment applications, event guest lists, leases and agreements, printed materials, publicity, schedules, typography samples, and scattered photographs of Richard Waddell with curator Dorothy Miller, artists Francois Baschet and Will Barnet, and art dealer Howard Wise.
Correspondence is with art collectors, art critics, art writers, organizations, colleges and museums, publications, and others. Correspondents include Harry Abrams, Art Dealers Association, John Canaday, Finch College Museum of Art, Frank Lucien, Emily Genauer, Roy Neuberger, Howard Wise, Whitney Museum, among many others.
Artists' files also include correspondence, in addition to printed materials, shipping and loan information, photographs, exhibition material, and resumes. Files are found for Will Barnet, Bernard Baschet, John Clague, Toni Costa, Francois Dallegret, Frederick Franck, Edward Giobbi, Guy Harloff, John Healey, Piet Hein, Alain Jacquet, Howard Kanovitz, Aleksandra Kasuba, Takeshi Kawashima, Bob Liikala, Sheldon Machlin, Ronald Mallory, Robert Michel and Ella Bergmann, George Mueller, Nicola, Charles Perry, Earl Reiback, Gerald Scarfe, Nicolas Schöffer, Vera Simons, Paul Van Hoeydonck, Boris Vansier, and Tomi Ungerer, among others.
Sales and stock records include appraisal documentation, inventories, price lists, shipping information and index cards and bound volumes of sales records, including a sales record of Andrew Wyeth's Uprooted Tree.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged as 4 series.
Missing Title
Series 1: Administrative Files, 1966-1973 (0.2 linear feet; Box 1)
Series 2: Correspondence, 1963-1973 (1.0 linear feet; Boxes 1-2)
Series 3: Artists' Files, 1961-1978 (3.2 linear feet; Boxes 2-5, OV 8)
Series 4: Sales and Stock Records, 1964-1973 (2.1 linear feet; Boxes 5-7)
Biographical / Historical:
The Waddell Gallery was established in 1963 by Richard Hughes Waddell in New York City, New York. The gallery represented contemporary American and European artists, notably Will Barnet. The gallery operated on 15 East 57th Street and later on 50 West 57th Street until 1973, one year before Waddell's untimely death in 1974. The gallery focused on representing contemporary American and European artists such as Will Barnet, Francois Dallegret, Edward Giobbi, Sheldon Machlin, and Paul Van Hoeydonck. Additionally, Waddell held benefits to support civil rights and served as a trustee of the Tuskegee Institute.
Provenance:
The Waddell Gallery records were donated in 1977 by the Estate of Richard Waddell, through Richard's father, Chauncey L. Waddell and brother, Theodore Waddell and in 1986 by Louise Tolliver Deutschman, former director of the gallery.
Restrictions:
Use of original papers requires an appointment and is limited to the Washington, D.C. Research Center.
Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Use of original papers requires an appointment and is limited to the Washington, D.C. Research Center.
Collection Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Waddell Gallery records, 1961-1978. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Sponsor:
Funding for the processing of this collection was provided by the Smithsonian Institution Collections Care and Preservation Fund.
The Jack Tworkov papers measure 9.7 linear feet and are dated 1926-1993. Tworkov's work as a painter and influential teacher, as well as his personal life, are documented by extensive journals and substantive correspondence that record his ideas about art and teaching, and illuminate his relationships with friends, colleagues, and students. Many sketchbooks, writings, interviews, photographs, and moving images are also included.
Scope and Content Note:
The Jack Tworkov papers measure 9.7 linear feet and are dated 1926-1993, with the bulk from the period 1931-1982. Tworkov's work as a painter and influential teacher, as well as his personal life, are documented by extensive journals and substantive correspondence that record his ideas about art and teaching, and illuminate his relationships with friends, colleagues, and students. Many sketchbooks, writings, interviews, photographs, and moving images are also included.
Biographical material includes Tworkov's citizenship certificate, awards, diplomas, a copy of Jack Tworkov: Video Portrait, produced by Electronic Arts Intermix, and a motion picture film, USA Artists: Jack Tworkov, produced by National Education Television.
Correspondence consists largely of incoming letters. It is both professional and personal in nature and often combines both spheres. Correspondents include artists Jennifer Bartlett, William H. Calfee, Giorgio Cavallon and Linda Lindeberg, Grace Hartigan, Helene Herzbrun (also named Helene McKinsey), Karl Knaths, Joe Summerford, Joan Thorne, and Adja Yunkers; cartoonist Robert C. Osborn; collectors Donald M. Blinken and David A. Praeger (who was also Tworkov's lawyer); illustrator Roger Dovoisin; critics Dore Ashton and Andrew Forge; critic and poet John Ashbury; galleries that represented Tworkov: Egan Gallery, Leo Castelli, Nancy Hoffman Gallery, Poindexter Gallery, Stable Gallery and Zabriskie Gallery; and many museums, arts organizations, colleges and universities.
Interviews with Tworkov include one with Ricky Demarco videotaped in 1979 and two conducted on video by Twokov's daughter Helen in 1975. The remaining interviews are sound recordings, one conducted by Grace Alexander for the show Artists in New York in 1967, one conducted by Michael Newman in 1980, and the remainder by unidentified interviewers. None have transcripts.
All writings are by Tworkov and include poems, an artist's statement, and documentation for two children's books by Tworkov illustrated by Roger Duvoisin. Two additional notebooks contain miscellaneous notes, teaching notes, and some specific to identified courses. Lectures exist as untranscribed sound recordings.
The lone subject file concerns Mark Rothko and includes a photograph of Rothko and the guest list for the dedication of the Rothko Chapel in Houston.
Artwork consists of a small number of sketches by Tworkov in pencil and ink. Tworkov's sketchbooks (28 volumes) contain sketches and some finished drawings. Most are in pencil, but scattered throughout are a few pencil sketches embellished with colored marker or pastel, and a small number in ink.
Photographs are of people, places and events. Most photographs are of Tworkov alone and with others including Giogio Cavallon, though most friends and students are unidentified. Of note are views of Tworkov producing a series of prints at Tamarind Institute. Also found is an informal portrait of Wally Tworkov. Events recorded include the jurying of "Exhibition Momentum" in Chicago, 1956. Among the places shown are Tworkov's studios at Black Mountain College and in Provincetown. When known, photographers are noted; among them are Paul Katz, Herbert Matter, Arnold Newman, Renate Ponsold, Theo Westenberger, Dennis Wheeler, and Howard Wise.
A separate series of audiovisual recordings was established for those recordings that could not be readily identified to be arranged in other series. They consist of three videocassettes (2 VHS and 1 miniDV).
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged as 11 series:
Missing Title
Series 1: Biographical Material, 1933-1981 (Boxes 1, 9, 11, FC 13; 0.7 linear ft.)
Series 2: Correspondence, 1926-1993 (Boxes 1-5; 3.8 linear ft.)
Series 3: Interviews, 1978-1982 (Boxes 5, 9-10; 1 linear ft.)
Series 4: Writings, Notes, and Lectures, 1955-1982 (Boxes 5, 9; 0.5 linear ft.)
Series 5: Journals, 1947-1982 (Boxes 5-7; 2.0 linear ft.)
Series 6: Subject File, 1961-1977 (Box 7; 1 folder)
Series 7: Printed Material, 1952-1981 (Box 7, OV 12; 0.1 linear ft.)
Series 8: Artwork, circa 1950s-1960s (Box 7: 3 folders)
Series 9: Sketchbooks, circa 1950s-1960s (Boxes 7-8, 11; 1.0 linear ft.)
Series 10: Photographic Materials, 1941-1981 (Boxes 8-9; 0.5 linear ft.)
Series 11: Audiovisual Recordings, 1961-1975 (Box 9; 0.1 linear ft.)
Biographical Note:
New York School painter Jack Tworkov (1900-1982), best known for his Abstract Expressionist paintings and as a highly regarded teacher, lived and worked in New York City and Provincetown, MA.
At age 13, Tworkov (born Yakov Tworkovsky) emigrated from Poland with his mother and sister to join his father already in the United States. In America, they chose to use the name of distant relatives, the Bernsteins, who were their sponsors. Eventually, Jack and his sister, Janice, reclaimed and shortened their name to Tworkov; later, she adopted the name of their hometown in Poland and became the painter Janice Biala.
Tworkov spent his first summer in Provincetown while still a student and subsequently returned to study with Ross Moffet. In Provincetown he met and was greatly influenced by Karl Knaths and developed a lifelong friendship with Edwin Dickinson. By 1929, Tworkov was painting there year round. Over the years, Tworkov and his family continued to return for long stretches, and in 1958 he purchased a house in Provincetown.
During the Great Depression, Tworkov participated in the Treasury Department's Public Works of Art Project until 1934, and then moved to the easel division of the WPA Federal Art Project. He felt uncomfortable with the growing ideological and political influences on art and found it depressing to paint for the WPA rather than for himself, so he left the WPA in 1941. Tworkov, who had studied mechanical drawing while in high school, spent most of the War years employed as a tool designer and draftsman at an engineering firm with government contracts.
By the 1940s, Tworkov was painting in the Abstract Expressionist style. Between 1948 and 1953, he leased a studio on Fourth Avenue that adjoined that of his friend Willem de Kooning. During this time, they mutually influenced each other as they developed into mature Abstract Expressionists. At Yale in the 1960s, Tworkov became close friends with fellow student Josef Albers. Alber's influence on Tworkov resulted in a turn to geometric compositions of small, systematic, and repetitive strokes defined by a grid. He experimented with diagonal compositions, and later geometric work that featured large areas of color and soft texture.
Tworkov's first teaching experience was during 1930-1931 when he served as a part-time painting instructor at the Ethical Culture Fieldston School. His teaching career began in earnest when he joined the faculties of Queens College, 1948-1955, and Pratt Institute, 1955-1958. During the summers he taught at various schools, most notably Black Mountain College's 1952 summer session. Tworkov was a visiting artist at the Yale University School of Art and Architecture, 1961-1963, and became chairman of its Art Department from 1963 until his retirement in 1969. In retirement he lived in Provincetown and was a visiting artist for both short and extended periods at various universities and art schools.
An avid reader of literature and poetry, Tworkov also wrote poems and essays. He published essays in It Is, Art Digest, and Art In America; his most notable piece, "The Wandering Soutine," appeared in Art News, November 1950. Tworkov also kept a journal for 35 years (1947-1982) that recorded his thoughts on a wide range of subjects concerning professional, personal, and philosophical issues, as well as details of everyday life.
Tworkov was among the founders of the Artists' Club or The Club in 1949, and for a decade actively participated in the stimulating discussions for which the group was known. In 1968 he helped to establish the Fine Arts Work Center in Provincetown. Its residency program enabled younger artists and writers to advance their careers and kept Provincetown's historic artists' colony active year round.
He was the recipient of the William A. Clark Award and Corcoran Gold Medal from the Corcoran Gallery of Art, 1963; Skowhegan School of Art's Painter of the Year Award, 1974; and Distinguished Teaching of Art Award from College Art Association, 1976. Tworkov was appointed to serve on the Massachusetts Art Commission, 1970-1971, and in 1981 was named a Fellow of The Cleveland Museum of Art and of the Rhode Island School of Design.
Following his second divorce in 1935, Rachel (Wally) Wolodarsky became Tworkov's third wife and their marriage endured. They had two daughters. Hermine Ford (b. 1939) is an artist married to fellow painter Robert Moskowitz. Helen Tworkov (b. 1943) is the founder of Tricycle: The Buddhist Review and the author of a book about yoga.
Tworkov remained physically and intellectually active after a diagnosis of bone cancer around 1980, and continued to paint until shortly before his death in Provincetown on September 4, 1982.
Related Material:
Among the holdings of the Archives of American Art are two oral history interviews with Jack Tworkov, one conducted by Dorothy Seckler, Aug. 17, 1962, and another by Gerald Silk, May 22, 1981. There is also a small collection of three letters written by Jack Tworkov to friend Troy-Jjohn Bramberger.
Separated Material:
The Archives of American Art also holds material lent for microfilming (reel N70-38 and 62) including writings by Tworkov, notebooks, notes for teaching and talks, notes on art and miscellaneous subjects, poems, artist's statements, biographical data, the transcript of a 1970 interview with Tworkov conducted by Phyllis Tuchman, and a few letters and drafts of letters, 1950-1963. Loaned materials were returned to the lender and are not described in the collection container inventory.
Provenance:
Jack Tworkov lent the Archives of American Art papers for microfilming in 1970-1971. Jack Tworkov's daughters, Hermine Ford and Helen Tworkov, donated the rest of the collection in 2009, which included some of the material from the original loan.
Restrictions:
Use of original papers requires an appointment. Use of archival audiovisual recordings with no duplicate access copy requires advance notice.
Rights:
Reels N70-38 and 62: Authorization to publish, quote, or reproduce requires written permission from Helen Tworkov or Hermine Ford. Contact Reference Services for more information.
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
An interview of George Earl Ortman conducted 1963 Sept. 19-Nov. 5, by Richard Brown Baker, for the Archives of American Art.
Ortman speaks of critics' reviews of his work; his reactions to the early abstract expressionists; his family background and early experiences; his education; the California environment and its influence on him; his U.S. Navy service; the art scene in San Francisco in the 1940s; other artists he was acquainted with; coming to New York; influences on contemporary artists; pop art; establishing a reputation as a printmaker; studying under William Hayter; his time spent in France; development of his style; problems of making a living in art; his work in theatrical design; realism versus abstraction; his teaching career; exhibits he has had. He recalls Eleanor Ward, Howard Wise, Willem de Kooning, Nathan Oliveira, Gandy Brodie, Hans Hofmann, and Joan Mitchell.
Biographical / Historical:
George Earl Ortman (1926- ) is a painter, sculptor, and printmaker from Bloomfield Hills, Mich.
General:
Originally recorded on 4 sound tape reels. Reformatted in 2010 as 2 digital wav files. Duration is 52 min.
Provenance:
These interviews are part of the Archives of American Art Oral History Program, started in 1958 to document the history of the visual arts in the United States, primarily through interviews with artists, historians, dealers, critics and others.
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Catherine Viviano Gallery records, 1930-1990, bulk 1949-1978. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Woodhouse, Betty Burroughs (See also Burroughs, Betty)
Woodin, Mrs. William H.
Woodmere Art Gallery
Woodruff, Adele G.
Woodstock Artists Association
Collection Restrictions:
The collection has been digitized and is available online via AAA's website.
Collection Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Frank K. M. Rehn Galleries records, 1858-1969 (bulk 1919-1968). Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Sponsor:
Funding for the digitization of the microfilm of this collection was provided by the Terra Foundation for American Art
The collection has been digitized and is available online via AAA's website.
Collection Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Samuel J. Wagstaff papers, circa 1932-1985. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Sponsor:
Funding for the digitization of this collection was provided by the Terra Foundation for American Art
Correspondence is between Spohn and his colleagues, including two letters from Alexander Calder, eight letters from Mark Rothko, and twenty-eight letters from Clyfford Still.
See Appendix for an alphabetical list of correspondents from Series 2.2.
Appendix: Alphabetical List of Correspondents in 2.2:
Abend, George and Kitty Parker Abend (artists): 1950-1960 (4 letters)
Abingdon Square Painters: 1958 (1 letter)
Addison Gallery of American Art: 1958 (2 letters)
American Artists' Congress: 1938 (1 letter)
American Library of Color Slides: 1941 (1 letter)
Anderson, Claude J. K.: 1958 (1 letter)
Anderson, Wendell (poet): 1955-1956 (2 letters)
Archives of American Art: 1964 (4 letters)
Art Academy of Cincinnati: 1958-1959 (3 letters)
Art Association of Newport: 1958 (1 letter)
Art Career School: 1958 (1 letter)
Artists Equity Association: 1950 (1 letter)
Arts and Architecture: 1963 (1 letter)
Art Students League: 1958-1964 (2 letters)
Art Times: 1959 (1 letter)
Art Workshop of the Rivington Neighborhood Asociation, Inc.: 1958 (1 letter)
Ashton, Dore: 1969 (1 letter)
Ayer, Phyllis: 1956 (1 letter)
Bachels, Andrew: 1969 (1 letter)
Barnett, Rici: 1973 (1 letter)
Barron, John N.: 1966 (1 letter)
Beasley, David and Viola: 1963-1978 (11 letters)
Bender: Albert M. Bender Memorial Trust: 1947-1951 (2 letters)
Bethers, Peggy: 1940 (1 letter)
Blesh, Rudi: 1960 (1 letter)
Board of Education, City of New York: 1958-1965 (2 letters)
Booth, James W. (family friend): 1943-1956 (7 letters)
Brooklyn Society for Ethical Culture: 1966 (1 letter)
Brown, Lesley: 1955 (1 letter)
Burke, Bob: 1971 (1 letter)
Burnham, Janet B.: 1950 (1 letter)
Bute, Janey: 1971 (1 letter)
Calcagno, Lawrence: 1969-1977 (5 letters)
Calder, Alexander: 1970-1972 (2 letters)
California Palace of the Legion of Honor: 1964 (1 letter)
California School of Fine Arts: 1955-1964 (2 letters)
California: University of California at Berkeley: 1940 (1 letter)
California: University of California at Santa Clara: 1975-1976 (2 letters)
Carewe, Sylvia: 1969 (1 letter)
Carr, James F.: 1967 (1 letter)
Chase Manhattan Bank: 1971 (2 letters)
Chisholm, Stuart (landscape architect): 1925 (1 letter)
Clayton, Janice: undated and 1965-1974 (6 letters)
Clifton, Jim and Mary (owners of a Spohn painting): 1956 (1 letter)
College Art Association: 1949 (1 letter)
Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center: 1952-1970 (4 letters)
Cooke, Regina: 1955 (1 letter)
Cooley, Anne: 1941 (1 letter)
Corbett, Ed and Steff, and Rosamond Tirana: undated and 1951-1977(47 letters, including a 1962 wedding announcement for Corbett and Tirana, and a letter dated Mar 21, 1963 enclosing a photograph of Ed with an amputated foot)
Craig, Jeanne: 1963 (2 letters)
Crawford, Jane and Ernie: 1958 (3 letters)
Crehan, Hub and Anne: 1960 (1 letter)
Crewe, Sylvia: 1969 (1 letter)
Crews, Judson and Mildred (publishers of poetry magazine in Taos): 1952-1969 (4 letters)
Cumming, Ann (and Jennifer Sutcliffe): 1956 (1 letter)
Cunningham, Ben: 1950 (1 letter)
D'Arcangelo, Allan and Sylvia: 1965 (1 letter)
Dasburg, Andrew: 1961 (1 letter)
DePuy, John: 1964 (1 letter)
Diebenkorn, Richard: 1951 (1 letter)
Dilexi Gallery (L. James Newman): 1965 (1 letter)
Dixon, Budd (J.B.) and Peggy: 1954-1970 (5 letters)
Gallery of Modern Art, Taos, N.M.: 1972 (1 letter)
Garcia, Enos: 1954 (1 letter)
Georgiadis, Alex: 1951 (1 letter)
Gettell, Mrs. Richard Glenn: 1958 (an invitation to meet Col. George Lincoln)
Gluck, Heidi: 1977 (1 letter)
Gomez, Dorothy Massey (mother of anthropologist Bill Massey): 1950 (1 letter)
Gomez, Joe: undated and 1971 (2 letters)
Grant, Bob: 1953-1972 (2 letters)
Grant, Carolyn: 1969 (1 letter)
Great Neck Board of Education: 1960 (1 letter)
Grimm, Marjorie: 1973 (1 letter)
Grossmann, Nancy: 1966 (1 letter)
Guggenheim: John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation: 1953-1954 (2 letters)
Harwood Foundation: 1953-1956 (2 letters)
Harris, Roger: 1973 (1 letter)
Hawley, W. R.: 1977 (1 letter enclosing an exhibition catalog "Unemployed Wizards")
Heischman, R. L.: undated (1 letter)
Hill, Dorothy: 1967 (2 letters)
Hocks, Fred: 1952 (1 letter)
Howard, Ellen and Galen: 1957 (1 letter)
Howard, Robert Boardman and Adaline Kent (San Francisco sculptors): 1951-1955 (2 letters)
Howard, Madge Knight and Charles H.: 1946-1954 (21 letters)
Hultburg, John and Lynne: 1959-1974 (5 letters)
Huntsville Museum of Art: see Braunstein/Quay Gallery
Hurst, Tricia: 1977 (1 letter)
Hutchinson, Mrs. D. H.: 1925 (1 letter)
Illinois: University of Illinois at Urbana: 1952 (2 letters)
Jackson: Martha Jackson Gallery: 1965 (1 letter)
Jacobson, Art (artist) and Ursula: 1950-1960 (9 letters)
Jonson Gallery: 1969-1970 (2 letters)
Kadish, Reuben: 1958 (1 letter)
Kahl: Leone Kahl Gallery: 1964 (1 letter)
Karnes, Marion Watson: undated and 1947-1954 (80 letters from Spohn)
Keeney, James: 1963 (1 letter)
Kieve, Rudolph: 1971 (3 letters)
King, Vivie and Rufus: 1977 (1 letter)
Kingman, Dong: undated calling card
Kuhlman, Walt: 1957 (2 letters)
Kultberg, Lynne and John: 1965 (1 letter)
Labaudt, Lucien: 1943 (1 letter)
Labaudt, Marcelle: 1956 (1 letter)
Landgren, Paula: undated (1 letter)
Lannan, J. Patrick (The Susquehanna Corporation/ The Lannan Foundation): 1966-1971 (4 letters); see Personal Business Records for correspondence pertaining to the Foundation's support of Spohn, 1961-1962
LaPlante, John (Stanford University): 1949 (1 letter)
Lazarus, Rosalind: 1960 (1 letter)
LeBow-Gould Associates: 1958 (3 letters)
Lee, Martha: 1957 (1 letter)
Lehman, Margarett: 1957 (1 letter)
Letter Shop: 1956 (1 letter)
Library of Congress Copyright Office: 1932 (1 letter concerning the trisection of an arbitrary angle)
Lippincott, Janet (artist): 1955-1956 (5 letters)
Lockwood, Ward: 1952 (1 letter)
MacAgy, Douglas and Betty: undated and 1945-1973 (13 letters)
MacAgy, Jermayne (Jerry): 1945-1948 (2 letters)
Macdowell Colony: 1975 (1 letter)
Machcinski, Barbara: 1971 (1 letter)
MacIntyre, Carlyle F.: 1945 (1 letter)
Maes, Virginia: 1941 (1 letter)
Mare, Doris and Emil: 1969 (1 letter)
Marse, John J.: 1962 (1 letter)
Marter, Joan: 1977 (3 letters)
Martin, Agnes: 1958-1975 (3 letters)
Massey, Ellen DeSelms: 1940 (2 letters)
McCarthy, Francis Joseph (AIA): 1950 (1 change of address card)
McChesney, Mary (Fuller) and Mac: 1952-1977 (62 letters, including one dated May 21, 1968 decorated with a lizard skin, one dated Jun 08, 1973 enclosing a wooden Yalalag Indian good luck charm, and one dated May 26, 1976 enclosing a photograph of group and McChesney art work at Temko mansion in Berkeley)
McCormick, Herbert: 1951 (1 letter)
McDonald, Katharyn: 1963-1964 (2 letters)
Merlin Development Company: 1962 (1 letter)
Merrick, Barbara: 1975 (1 letter)
Meyer, Fleur Cowler: 1968 (1 letter)
Miller, Dorothy (Museum of Modern Art): 1952-1977 (8 letters)
Moore Dry Dock Company: 1942 (2 letters)
Murphy, Jack W. and Dori (owners of some of Spohn's work): 1951-1976 (7 letters)
Mygatt, Tony: 1954 (1 letter)
National Collection of Fine Arts: 1977 (1 letter)
Neininger, Urban and Jeanne: 1950-1976 (48 letters)
New Mexico Highlands University: 1958-1969 (3 letters)
New Mexico: Museum of New Mexico Art Gallery: 1952-1957 (3 letters)
New Mexico: University of New Mexico at Albuquerque: 1957-1970 (2 letters)
New York City Transit Authority: 1962-1963 (2 letters)
New York Saucer Information Bureau: 1962-1965 (2 letters)
New York University: 1958-1960 (3 letters)
Oakland Museum (Terry St. John): 1970-1977 (33 letters)
O'Connor, Francis V.: 1979 (1 letter)
Ohio State University: 1958 (1 letter)
Oldfield, Otis: 1942 (1 letter of recommendation for Spohn for Albert M. Bender Grants-in-Aid)
Olmsted, Frederick: 1943 (1 letter)
Oregon: University of Oregon: 1974-1975 (2 letters)
Ortman, George: 1964 (2 letters)
Otto, Curtis, Roberta, and Adrienne: 1957 (1 letter)
Oxford University Press: 1949 (1 letter)
Parrett, Fred C.: undated and 1954 (2 letters)
Peale, Norman Vincent (office of): 1975 (1 letter)
Pepsi-Cola Annual Art Competition: 1947 (2 letters)
Peterson, Arline? and Pete: 1955-1957 (2 letters)
Petrovo, Miriam: 1961-1971 (11 letters)
Pitney, Peggy and Ed: 1948 (1 letter)
Queens College: 1958 (2 letters)
Ramsay, Anna R.: 1954 (1 letter)
Rankine, Vivie (Mrs. Paul Scott Rankine): 1964-1981 (5 letters)
Remington, Deborah: 1963 (1 letter)
Reminick, Harry: 1954 (1 letter)
Reynal, Jeanne: 1941 (an invitation to a reception for Arshile Gorky) and 1952 (1 letter)
Ribak, Louis and Bea: 1954-1976 (5 letters)
Richards, Tally: 1971-1980 (5 letters)
Ridiman, Bob: 1963-1970 (4 letters)
Rogoway, Marjorie and Rog: undated and 1953-1968 (15 letters)
Rosebury, Amy and Ted: 1954 (1 letter)
Rosen, Michael: 1970-1974 (4 letters)
Roswell Museum and Art Center: 1977-1978 (6 letters)
Rothko Foundation: 1971-1975 (4 letters)
Rothko, Mark and Mell: 1946-1958 (8 letters)
Rusnell, Wesley: 1972-1979 (13 letters)
Sachs Gallery: undated and 1968 (2 letters)
St. John's College: 1969 (1 letter)
Salzer, Oscar: 1955 (1 letter)
Sanders, Una and John: 1975-1977 (6 letters)
Sands, Louis: 1948 (1 letter)
San Francisco Art Association: 1939-1955 (19 letters)
San Francisco Museum of Art: 1949-1977 (18 letters)
Saxe, Suzanne: 1972-1973 (2 letters)
Scarpitta, Pat and Sal: 1968 (1 letter)
Schneiderwirth, Joan (friend of Ed Corbett): 1955 (1 letter)
School of Visual Arts: 1964-1970 (86 letters)
Schubart, Pauline: 1950 (1 letter)
Shoemaker, Peter (former student of Spohn): 1955-1958 (5 letters)
Shiras, Mary: 1958-1965 (10 letters)
Sihvonen, Oli: 1953-1977 (66 letters)
Slivka, David: 1954 (1 letter)
Smith, Hassel: 1948 (1 letter)
Spoerri, John: 1965-1977 (10 letters)
Stables Art Gallery (Leone Kahl, director): 1956-1965 (14 letters)
Stanford University: 1946 (1 letter)
Stephens, Dick and Carolyn: 1960-1965 (3 letters)
Stevens: Arthur Stevens Book Club: 1968 (1 letter)
Still, Clyfford: 1948-1968 (28 letters, including one dated Nov 1950 to Ed Corbett, and one dated Nov 29, 1963 enclosing a hand-drawn map to Still's home)
Strehler, Allen (Sociologist): 1954 (1 letter)
Summers, Al: 1952 (1 letter)
Sutcliffe, Jennifer (beautiful English girl who passed through Taos with Ann Cumming): 1956 (2 letters)
Sznajderman, Marius: 1967 (1 letter)
Taggart, Bill, Sandy, and Sean: 1968 (1 letter)
Taos Artist's Association (Taos Art Association): 1956-1964 (6 letters)
Taos Realty: 1968-1969 (3 letters)
Tatarsky, Hy and Muriel: 1952-1957 (2 letters)
Tatarsky, Stephanie: 1963-1964 (7 letters)
Taylor, Gene: 1925 (letter of introduction to Erskine Gwynne)
Temianka, Henri: 1941 (1 letter)
Tensan, Keith and Gene: 1957 (1 letter)
Terrain Gallery: 1960 (1 letter)
Terry Art Institute: 1951-1952 (7 letters)
Third Street Gallery (Helen Kaye, Director): 1950 (1 letter)
Thomas, Corine (owner of a Spohn painting): 1954-1957 (7 letters)
Tirana, Rosamond: undated and 1958-1962 (10 letters); see Corbett, Edward for additional letters
Van Duren, Allan and Betsy: 1953 (1 letter)
Van Ingen, Pat: 1973 (2 letters)
Varda, Yantoo?: 1949 (1 letter)
Visual Arts Gallery: 1967 (2 letters)
Vollmer, George A.: 1945-1948 (3 letters)
Von Herberg, Charlotte: 1950-1958 (2 letters)
Wakefield, Ruth Cravath: 1943 (1 letter of recommendation for Spohn)
Wandell, Walt and Doreen: 1958 (1 letter)
Wasley, Emily (aunt) and Sarah Rhoads (cousin): 1946-1955 (14 letters)
Wehrer, Anne: 1974 (1 letter)
Whaley, Bill: 1974 (1 letter)
White, Minor: 1963 (1 letter)
Who's Who In American Art: 1952-1969 (5 letters)
Who's Who In The Midwest: 1959 (1 letter)
Who's Who In The West: 1959 (1 letter)
Willard, Charlotte: 1960-1967 (3 letters)
Williams, Matilda A.: 1958 (1 letter)
Wilmans, Margery and Steve: 1974 (1 letter)
Winston, James W.: 1941 (1 letter)
Wise: Howard Wise Gallery: 1962 (1 letter)
Woelffer, Emerson and Diana: 1955-1958 (5 letters)
Wood, Ralph: 1960-1970 (5 letters)
Wright, Dorothy: 1926 (1 letter)
Wurlitzer: Helene Wurlitzer Foundation: 1954-1957 (3 letters)
Young-Hunter, Mrs. John: 1959 (1 letter)
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research. Use of unfilmed material requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Clay Spohn Papers, circa 1862-1985, bulk 1890-1985. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Lee Krasner's correspondence spans over forty years, but the bulk of it ranges from 1970 to her death in 1984. Found here is correspondence with galleries and gallery owners that represented her, exhibited her work, or requested her work for potential exhibitions. Krasner was friends with many artists and art professionals and her personal correspondence includes many letters from artists such as Philip Johnson, Ray Eames, Cleve Gray, and Hans Namuth. She also corresponded with art historians and critics, curators, collectors, arts and social organizations, admirers, and family members. Additionally, this series includes fan mail, student inquiries, correspondence with journalists and publishers, requests for her to lecture, and business correspondence on the sale of her work. There are numerous letters and telegrams congratulating Krasner on exhibitions, such as the 1965 Whitechapel retrospective and extensive documentation of her 1958 commission to create a mural for Uris Brothers, Inc.
See Index for List of Notable Correspondents from Series 2.2
Arrangement note:
Letters are arranged chronologically and include both letters received by Krasner and handwritten or typed drafts sent by Krasner. Later in her life many of the drafts were written by her secretary.
Index: List of Notable Correspondents from Series 2.2:
List represents only a selection of correspondents.
Albright-Knox Art Gallery
American Federation of Arts
Appelhof, Ruth Ann
Asher, Elise
Australian National Gallery
Barron, Maida
Berkson, Bill
Collier, Oscar
Cooper Union
County of Nassau Office of Cultural Development
Diamonstein, Barbaralee
Dickler, Gerald
Eames, Ray
Englesmith, Tejas
Erskine, Halley
Forge, Andrew (Yale University)
Franklin Siden Gallery
Friedman, B. H.
Friedman, Sanford
Glaser, Bruce
Goodman, Naomi
Gray, Cleve
Gregory-Hood, Alex (Rowan Gallery)
Guggenheim Museum
Guild Hall
Holladay, Billie
Howard, Richard
Howell, Douglas Morse
Hubbard, E. W.
Janie C. Lee Gallery
Johnson, Philip
Landau, Ellen
Lauck, Anthony
Lloyd, Frank
Marlborogh Fine Art, Ltd.
Martha Jackson Gallery
Matter, Mercedes
McHenry, Barnabas (Barney)
Michael, Marjorie
Museum of Modern Art
Myers, John Bernard
Namuth, Hans
Nemser, Cindy
New York WPA Artists, Inc.
Nochlin, Linda
Novak, Barbara
O'Connor, Francis
Oppler, Ellen
Ossorio, Alfonso
Pace Gallery
Parrish Art Museum
Pavia, Philip
Pollock, Jay
Rago, Louise Elliott
Robert Miller Gallery
Robertson, Bryan
Rose, Barbara
Russell, Bertrand
Schilling, Marge
School of Visual Arts
Sidney Janis Gallery
Siegel, Adele
Smithsonian Institution
Spaeth, Elaine
Stasik, Andrew
Still, Clyfford
Stony Brook Foundation
Tate Gallery
Thaw, Eugene V.
Thayer, Jeanne
Valliere, James
Van Fossen, Ted
Whitechapel Art Gallery
Whitney, David
Whitney Museum of American Art
Wise, Howard
Collection Restrictions:
The collection has been digitized and is available online via AAA's website.
Collection Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Jackson Pollock and Lee Krasner papers, circa 1914-1984. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Sponsor:
Funding for the processing and digitization of this collection was provided by the Terra Foundation for American Art.
Exhibition records of the Contemporary Study Wing of the Finch College Museum of Art, 1943-1975, bulk 1964-1975. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Topic:
Art dealers -- New York (State) -- New York Search this
Painters -- New York (State) -- New York Search this
Jack Tworkov and Howard Wise. Video portrait of Jack Tworkov, 1974 August 27. Howard Wise Gallery records, 1943-1989. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Edwin Walter Dickinson and Howard Wise. Interview with Edwin Dickinson, 1973 August 28. Howard Wise Gallery records, 1943-1989. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
