Search Results

Creator:

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Company  Search this

Author:

Garrett, John W. (John Work), 1820-1884  Search this

Latrobe, Benj. H. (Benjamin Henry), 1807-1878  Search this

Collector:

National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of History of Technology  Search this

National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Mechanical and Civil Engineering  Search this

Extent:

33 Cubic feet (76 boxes, 46 map-folders)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Annual reports

Correspondence

Drawings

Glass plate negatives

Negatives (photographic)

Photographs

Tracings

Date:

1827-1987

Summary:

The collection consists of correspondence, invoices, drawings, photographs, and negatives and other printed literature documenting the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad from its inception in 1827 to its merger with the Chesapeake and Ohio Railroad in the 1960s.

Scope and Contents:

The collection consists of correspondence, engineering drawings, notes, photographs, transparencies, negatives, glass plate negatives, printed materials, and newspaper clippings documenting the Baltimore and Ohio railroad from its inception in 1827 to its merger with the Chesapeake and Ohio in the 1960s.

Arrangement:

The records are arranged into ten series.

Series 1, Historical Background, 1827-1987

Series 2, Bridge Histories, 1867-1966

Series 3, President's Office, 1826-1880

Series 4, Correspondence, 1826-1859

Series 5, Business Records, 1894-1914, and undated

Series 6, Agreement, 1870

Series 7, Drawings, 1858-1957, and undated

Subseries 7.1, Indices and Lists, 1924-1943, undated

Subseries 7.2, Bailey's Station, 1887; 1899; 1901

Subseries 7.3, Baltimore Belt Railroad, 1895, undated

Subseries 7.4, Bay View and Canton Bridges, 1884-1885

Subseries 7.5, Big Seneca Creek Viaduct, 1905

Subseries 7.6, Bollman Bridges, undated

Subseries 7.7, Boyds, Maryland Station, 1886; 1927

Subseries 7.8, Bridewell Station, undated

Subseries 7.9, Bridges (general), 1893-1917

Subseries 7.10, Brunswick, Maryland, 1890-1907

Subseries 7.11, Building Materials List, undated

Subseries 7.12, Building Signs, 1911-1912

Subseries 7.13, Camden Station, 1881-1942 (not inclusive)

Subseries 7.14, Camden Station (related), 1881-1915

Subseries 7.15, Centenary Bridge Models, 1927

Subseries 7.16, Central Office Building, undated

Subseries 7.17, Chestnut Street Station, 1925-1952

Subseries 7.18, Coaling facilities, water tanks, turntables, and miscellaneous structures, 1888-1912

Subseries 7.19, Cumberland Station, 1910-1955

Subseries 7.20, Curtis Bay Branch, 1900-1911

Subseries 7.21, Frederick Station, 1908-1915

Subseries 7.22, Hyattsville Station, 1913

Subseries 7.23, Keedysville Station, undated

Subseries 7.24, Laurel Station, undated

Subseries 7.25, Ledger, undated

Subseries 7.26, Lieperville Station, 1889

Subseries 7.27, Locust Point, 1881-1957

Subseries 7.28, Maps, 1862; 1918

Subseries 7.29, Martinsburg, West Virginia, 1913-1927

Subseries 7.30, Miscellaneous Buildings, 1875-1956

Subseries 7.31, Miscellaneous Large Photographs, undated

Subseries 7.32, Miscellaneous Structures, 1890-1916

Subseries 7.33: Mt. Clare (general)

Subseries 7.34, Mt. Clare New Blue Line Stable, 1899; 1905

Subseries 7.35, Mt. Clare New Car Shops, undated

Subseries 7.36, Mt. Royal Station, undated

Subseries 7.37, Newton Falls and Fairpoint, Ohio, 1909

Subseries 7.38, Patapsco River Bridge, 1883

Subseries 7.39, Plans for house no. 1846 (N. Gay Street, Baltimore, Maryland), undated

Subseries 7.40, Point of Rocks Station, 1951

Subseries 7.41, Scales, 1903

Subseries 7.42, Signal towers, 1900-1908

Subseries 7.43, Stations (general), 1866-1907

Subseries 7.44, Sykesville Station, undated

Subseries 7.45, Untitled, undated

Subseries 7.46, Warnings, 1894-1911

Subseries 7.47, Woodstock Station, undated

Subseries 7.48, Miscellaneous (rolled), 1858-1930 (not inclusive)

Series 8, Photographs and Copy Prints, 1872-1980s (not inclusive)

Subseries 8.1, Photographs, 1872-1980s

Subseries 8.2, Copy prints, 1901-1931, undated

Subseries 8.3, Indices and Lists, 1909-1920

Series 9, Negatives, 1850-1983 (bulk 1920s-1930s)

Subseries 9.1, Glass plate negatives (unidentified), undated

Subseries 9.2, Glass plate negatives (numbered), 1850-1957 (bulk 1920s-1930s)

Subseries 9.3, Negatives by number, undated

Subseries 9.4, Negatives by location, 1870; 1978-1983

Subseries 9.5, Negatives by subject, 1922-1930s, undated

Series 10, Stations and Buildings, 1884-1982

Biographical / Historical:

The Baltimore and Ohio Railroad (B&O) was the nation's first extensive steam powered railroad. It was founded by Baltimore merchants in 1827 as a means of promoting trade and making Baltimore competitive with other east coast ports. The original intent of the founders was to provide direct and fast access to the Ohio River, and the markets that the river reached. The railroad, however, went beyond the Ohio River and its lines went as far west as St. Louis and Chicago. The B&O was also known for its use of an electric locomotive in the mid 1890s. It also had a completely air conditioned train, and it was a forerunner in the use of diesel-electric locomotives. Company activities paralleled those of other American railroads and over the course of its life included expansion, near bankruptcy, innovations, regulations, and finally buy out. In February 1963, the Chesapeake and Ohio (C&O) completed its purchase of the B&O. Today, B&O is part of the CSX Transportation (CSX) network.

John Work Garrett president of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad 1858-1884, was born in Baltimore, Maryland July 31, 1820. He was the second son of Elizabeth Stouffer and Robert Garrett. He married Rachel Ann Harrison, the daughter of Thomas Harrison, a Baltimore merchant. They had one daughter, Mary and two sons Robert and Thomas Harrison Garrett.

After attending Lafayette College (Pennsylvania) for two years John W. Garrett left in 1836 to become associated with his father's commission business in Baltimore. The commission house which dealt in wholesale groceries, produce, forwarding and a commission business expanded to establish direct connections with Latin America, seek outlets in Europe and develop its own banking operations. In time its financial operations overshadowed the commission and shipping business.

When John W. Garrett began to invest heavily in Baltimore and Ohio Railroad stock, the road was in competition with the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and the stock was not popular. Its value rose steadily over the years. Mr. Garrett was elected a director of the railroad in 1855. His report as chairman of a subcommittee on the need for additional funds to complete the line to the Ohio River led to his election to the presidency of the road on November 17, 1858, a position he held for 26 years. New policies with emphasis on economy, personal supervision and gradual expansion were inaugurated and consistently maintained, in spite of a general financial crisis, Mr. Garrett's first year in office showed a net gain in earnings.

Sympathetic to his southern friends during the Civil War, Mr. Garrett nevertheless supported the Union. He recognized the inevitability of Confederate defeat by superior northern resources. Confederate leaders blamed him for their inability to seize Washington and he received warm appreciation for his services to the Union cause from President Lincoln. The railroad stretched along the theater of war and twice crossed Confederate territory. It was, therefore, a main objective for southern attack. Branches were frequently damaged by Confederate raids, but the main line to Washington became important for the transport of troops and supplies. The Baltimore and Ohio carried out the first military rail transport in history and the transfer of 20,000 men from the Potomac to Chattanooga in 1863 was a major triumph for its president.

With the advent of peace Mr. Garrett turned to rebuilding and strengthening the railroad. He replaced equipment and track damaged by the war, then extended the system by securing direct routes to Pittsburgh and Chicago and arranging an independent line into New York. Wharves were built at Locust Point for ocean liners and a system of elevators erected. The B&O. built its own sleeping and dining cars, established hotels in the mountains and created its own express company. By 1880, after battles over rates with other trunk lines, a costly rivalry with the Pennsylvania Railroad over the eastern route and charges of discrimination against local shippers Mr. Garrett was at the height of his success. He cooperated in establishing the B. and 0. Employees Relief Association for accident and life insurance, a hospital system, saving and building funds, and arrangements for improving sanitation in the work place. He was on friendly terms with Johns Hopkins, a trustee of John Hopkins Hospital, and with George Peabody, founder of the Peabody institute of which he was also a trustee. Garrett County, Maryland was named in his honor.

John W. Garrett died on September 26, 1884 within a year of his wife's death in a carriage accident. During his connection with the railroad the stock increased from $57 to $200; at the outbreak of the Civil War the railroad was operating 514 miles of rail, gross earnings were $4,000,097 and net per mile was $4246.1 By 1864 gross earnings were $10,138,876 and net per mile, $7113.2 By the end of his presidency mileage had increased to 1711 miles and net earnings were $4535 per mile.3

References

1 -- National Cyclopedia of American Biography -- Vol. 18:3

2 -- National Cyclopedia of American Biography -- Vol. 18:3

3 -- National Cyclopedia of American Biography -- Vol. 18:3

Related Materials:

Materials at Other Organizations

Maryland Historical Society

Baltimore and Ohio Museum

Provenance:

This collection was donated to the National Museum of American History by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad in the 1960s.

Restrictions:

Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.

Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Topic:

Bridges  Search this

Construction  Search this

Engineering -- 19th century  Search this

Railroads  Search this

Repairing -- Railroads  Search this

Railway engineering -- 1860-1890  Search this

Genre/Form:

Annual reports

Correspondence -- 19th century

Drawings -- 1860-1890

Glass plate negatives

Negatives (photographic)

Photographs

Tracings

Citation:

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Records, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.1086

See more items in:

Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Records

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8e652d903-bb57-46a8-a205-c7cbfe89f444

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-1086

Collection Creator:

Ukeles, Mierle  Search this

Container:

Box 7, Folder 28

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

1995

Collection Restrictions:

This collection is temporarily closed for processing. Contact References Services for more information.

See more items in:

Mierle Laderman Ukeles papers

Mierle Laderman Ukeles papers / Project Files

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Art

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/mw93e9252be-eb3d-4f16-af66-008e17df6f48

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-aaa-ukelmier-ref619

Collection Creator:

Railroad Station Historical Society (Crete, Neb.)  Search this

Container:

Box 6, Folder 8

Type:

Archival materials

Photographs

Date:

1975-05

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research. Unprotected photographs and negatives must be handled with gloves.

Collection Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

See more items in:

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection / Series 4: Photographs

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep81d8a36da-83e6-498c-b49d-a60818a44741

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-1558-ref447

Collection Creator:

Railroad Station Historical Society (Crete, Neb.)  Search this

Container:

Box 6, Folder 8

Type:

Archival materials

Photographs

Date:

1975-05

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research. Unprotected photographs and negatives must be handled with gloves.

Collection Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

See more items in:

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection / Series 4: Photographs

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep808fc7f3e-d859-46a3-8791-f790fc5cd348

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-1558-ref449

Collection Creator:

Railroad Station Historical Society (Crete, Neb.)  Search this

Container:

Box 6, Folder 9

Type:

Archival materials

Photographs

Date:

1975-04

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research. Unprotected photographs and negatives must be handled with gloves.

Collection Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

See more items in:

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection / Series 4: Photographs

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep85dca0fb2-6581-4837-b30b-258a1504a2b7

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-1558-ref490

Collection Creator:

Railroad Station Historical Society (Crete, Neb.)  Search this

Container:

Box 6, Folder 9

Type:

Archival materials

Photographs

Date:

1975-03

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research. Unprotected photographs and negatives must be handled with gloves.

Collection Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

See more items in:

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection / Series 4: Photographs

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8a08e62f8-99f2-45f0-a7d0-58761de52eb0

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-1558-ref491

Collection Creator:

Railroad Station Historical Society (Crete, Neb.)  Search this

Container:

Box 6, Folder 9

Type:

Archival materials

Photographs

Date:

1975-03

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research. Unprotected photographs and negatives must be handled with gloves.

Collection Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

See more items in:

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection / Series 4: Photographs

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep862eea1e1-564a-46b2-95a7-8e820ea489e4

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-1558-ref495

Collection Creator:

Railroad Station Historical Society (Crete, Neb.)  Search this

Container:

Box 6, Folder 10

Type:

Archival materials

Photographs

Date:

1970-01

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research. Unprotected photographs and negatives must be handled with gloves.

Collection Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

See more items in:

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection

Railroad Station Historical Society Collection / Series 4: Photographs

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep88ec2ccfc-7be4-4a9c-8dd8-c40e8a9f2f4e

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-1558-ref514

Type Citation:

Mason, J. F. & Yochelson. 1985 ["1985 --/--"]. Jour.Paleontology. 59 (n.1): 89, f.3.1.

Place:

Mercer County, West Virginia, United States, North America

Collection Date:

1981

Taxonomy:

Animalia Cnidaria

Published Name:

Sphenothallus bicarinatus (Girty)

USNM Number:

PAL341306

See more items in:

Paleogeneral

Types: Other Macroinvertebrate

Worm Type

Paleobiology

Data Source:

NMNH - Paleobiology Dept.

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/305247b57-ecec-4bea-8244-5c767fadf203

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmnhpaleobiology_3219891

Type Citation:

Mason, J. F. & Yochelson. 1985 ["1985 --/--"]. Jour.Paleontology. 59 (n.1): 89, ment.

Place:

Mercer County, West Virginia, United States, North America

Collection Date:

1981

Taxonomy:

Animalia Cnidaria

Published Name:

Sphenothallus bicarinatus (Girty)

USNM Number:

PAL341317

See more items in:

Paleogeneral

Types: Other Macroinvertebrate

Worm Type

Paleobiology

Data Source:

NMNH - Paleobiology Dept.

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3f70e46e9-537c-4e11-a0fe-3a4348232aef

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmnhpaleobiology_3219902

Collector:

T. W. Henry  Search this

Type Citation:

Mason, J. F. & Yochelson. 1985 ["1985 --/--"]. Jour.Paleontology. 59 (n.1): 92, ment.

Place:

West Virginia, United States, North America

Collection Date:

1979

Taxonomy:

Animalia Cnidaria

Published Name:

Sphenothallus sp indet. Mason & Yochelson

USNM Number:

PAL341321

See more items in:

Paleogeneral

Types: Other Macroinvertebrate

Worm Type

Paleobiology

Data Source:

NMNH - Paleobiology Dept.

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3e46c7892-c424-47cc-b8be-163af625e6d4

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmnhpaleobiology_3219906

Collector:

Henry  Search this

Sigelo  Search this

Type Citation:

Mason, J. F. & Yochelson. 1985 ["1985 --/--"]. Jour.Paleontology. 59 (n.1): 92, ment.

Place:

Kanawha County, West Virginia, United States, North America

Collection Date:

1981

Taxonomy:

Animalia Cnidaria

Published Name:

Sphenothallus sp indet. Mason & Yochelson

USNM Number:

PAL341322

See more items in:

Paleogeneral

Types: Other Macroinvertebrate

Worm Type

Paleobiology

Data Source:

NMNH - Paleobiology Dept.

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3daa6c41a-5d03-4ad9-9042-3d7db244cbea

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmnhpaleobiology_3219907

Collector:

C. Butts  Search this

Type Citation:

Yochelson. 1970. U.S.Geol.Survey Prof.Paper. (n.683-b): 3, pl.1,f.4.

Place:

West Virginia, United States, North America

Collection Date:

28 Jul 1939

Taxonomy:

Animalia Agmata Volborthellida Salterellidae

Published Name:

Salterella conulata Clark, 1924

USNM Number:

PAL166220

See more items in:

Paleogeneral

Types: Other Macroinvertebrate

Agmata Type

Paleobiology

Data Source:

NMNH - Paleobiology Dept.

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3738f2300-79ff-4fe5-af20-9d12d1ed2efb

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmnhpaleobiology_3000087

Collector:

C. Butts  Search this

Type Citation:

Yochelson. 1970. U.S.Geol.Survey Prof.Paper. (n.683-b): 3, unfig.

Place:

West Virginia, United States, North America

Collection Date:

28 Jul 1939

Taxonomy:

Animalia Agmata Volborthellida Salterellidae

Published Name:

Salterella conulata Clark, 1924

USNM Number:

PAL166221

See more items in:

Paleogeneral

Types: Other Macroinvertebrate

Agmata Type

Paleobiology

Data Source:

NMNH - Paleobiology Dept.

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3b1e8bb18-7571-45dc-9f8f-40c001dc3fcf

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmnhpaleobiology_3000089

Collector:

W. P. Hay  Search this

Prep Count:

1

Preparation:

Pinned

Stage:

Adult

Place:

Baileysville, Wyoming, West Virginia, United States

Collection Date:

Aug

Crowdsourcing:

Transcribed by digital volunteers

Taxonomy:

Animalia, Arthropoda, Insecta, Hymenoptera, Apidae, Apinae

Published Name:

Bombus sp.

Barcode:

USNMENT01041712

USNM Number:

USNMENT01041712

See more items in:

Specimen Inventory

Data Source:

NMNH - Entomology Dept.

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/33960085e-ce9e-4b8c-b6ca-52b41d378cd0

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmnhentomology_11380530

Creator:

Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2010-02-16T17:43:10.000Z

YouTube Category:

Music  Search this

Topic:

Cultural property  Search this

See more by:

smithsonianfolkways

Data Source:

Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage

YouTube Channel:

smithsonianfolkways

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_Mc2BWs8Ilzw

Creator:

Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2011-05-25T15:30:22.000Z

YouTube Category:

Music  Search this

Topic:

Cultural property  Search this

See more by:

smithsonianfolkways

Data Source:

Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage

YouTube Channel:

smithsonianfolkways

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_Psnm9wOb8aE

Creator:

Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2009-11-24T15:02:36.000Z

YouTube Category:

Music  Search this

Topic:

Cultural property  Search this

See more by:

smithsonianfolkways

Data Source:

Smithsonian Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage

YouTube Channel:

smithsonianfolkways

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_c5EIeJcFFZM

Creator:

Smithsonian Institution  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2011-06-14T14:09:25.000Z

YouTube Category:

Music  Search this

See more by:

SmithsonianVideos

Data Source:

Smithsonian Institution

YouTube Channel:

SmithsonianVideos

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_sBpU_z7aNYE

Creator:

Smithsonian Channel  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2014-02-18T19:44:00.000Z

YouTube Category:

Entertainment  Search this

See more by:

smithsonianchannel

Data Source:

Smithsonian Channel

YouTube Channel:

smithsonianchannel

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_-Y55gSYyam8