Photographs used to illustrate John Reed Swanton's "The Indians of the Southeastern United States" depicting American Indians of the Southeast and their dwellings, food preparation, and ceremonies.
Biographical/Historical note:
John Reed Swanton (1873-1958) was an ethnologist and ethnohistorian with the Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE) from 1900 until his retirement in 1944. Swanton spent his first few years at the BAE studying the Haida and Tlingit groups of the Pacific Northwest and Alaska, and published a number of significant articles on the language, ethnography, and folklore of Northwest Coast Indians. His focus then shifted to the American Indians of the Southeastern United States, where his interest remained for the rest of his career. In addition to conducting ethnographic fieldwork in the Southeast, Swanton studied extensively the history of the area in order to better understand its indigenous cultures and is considered a pioneer in the field of ethnohistory. During his career Swanton published numerous articles and several major works on Southeastern American Indians, including the reference work The Indians of the Southeastern United States (1946), a Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin (No. 137).
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot R87-2Q
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Additional photographs published in BAE Bulletin 137 can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in Photo Lot 80-39.
Photographs made by Swanton can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in Photo Lot 76 and the BAE historical negatives.
The National Anthropological Archives hold more than 200 manuscripts created or collected by Swanton, in the Numbered Manuscripts.
Objects collected by Swanton, including potsherds from various sites in Southeastern United States can be found in the Department of Anthropology in accessions 111748, 113252, 122679, 129788, 165802, and 062577.
Contained in:
Smithsonian Institution Bureau of American Ethnology photograph collections, undated
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
Copy prints in this collection that represent photographs not held by the National Anthropological Archives are for reference only.
Photo Lot R87-2Q, John Reed Swanton photograph collection of illustrations for "The Indians of the Southeastern United States", National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.
The collection is made up of illustrations prepared for new printings of James Mooneyʹs "Calendar History of the Kiowa Indians," John Reed Swantonʹs "Indians of the Southeastern United States," and John C. Ewers's "The Horse in Blackfoot Indian Culture" in the Classics of Smithsonian Anthropology series. It includes images of maps, Kiowa, Blackfeet, and Native Americans of the American Southeast, and ANative American artwork and other artifacts. Images of Native people include photographs, portraits, and drawings. There are also textual publication materials, including layout and notated reprint, available with the collection.
Biographical/Historical note:
The aim of the Classics of Smithsonian Anthropology series, which is comprised of reprinted BAE publications, was to appeal to a more popular audience. The series began in 1979 with the publication of "Calendar History of the Kiowa Indians" and "Indians of the Southeastern United States." "The Horse in Blackfoot Indian Culture" was published the following year.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 80-39, NAA Photo Lot 80-6
Reproduction Note:
Copy prints made by Smithsonian Institution, circa 1979.
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Photo Lot 80-6 has been relocated and merged with Photo Lot 80-39. These photographs were also made and collected for the Classics of Smithsonian Anthropology publications and form part of this collection.
Originals for some of these images, as well as additional photographs by John Swanton, can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in Photo Lot 76 and 87-2Q.
Originals for some of these images, as well as additional photographs by James Mooney, can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in Photo Lot 74 and 14 as well as NAA MS 2531.
Originals for some of these images, as well as additional photographs by John C. Ewers, can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in the papers of John Canfield Ewers.
Files containing Sturtevant's students' grades have been restricted, as have his students' and colleagues' grant and fellowships applications. Restricted files were separated and placed at the end of their respective series in boxes 87, 264, 322, 389-394, 435-436, 448, 468, and 483. For preservation reasons, his computer files are also restricted. Seminole sound recordings are restricted. Access to the William C. Sturtevant Papers requires an apointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
William C. Sturtevant papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Sponsor:
The papers of William C. Sturtevant were processed with the assistance of a Wenner-Gren Foundation Historical Archives Program grant awarded to Dr. Ives Goddard. Digitization and preparation of these materials for online access has been funded through generous support from the Arcadia Fund.
Indians of North America -- Southern States Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Volumes
Date:
1878-1891
Scope and Contents:
Title on back of binding reads, "Maskoki I." Dates within the notebook range from December 23, 1878, to January 8, 1891. Includes much of material from other sources as well as material collected by Gatschet himself. Most of the material is Creek or Hitchiti, but other Southeastern Indian languages and a few Plains Indian languages are represented. (See Gatschet's index on pages 271-274, and list of contents following main entry; copy filed with volume.) Includes list of gentes, colors, birds, insects, local names, numerals, personal names, and grammatical material as well as notes on the Red Stick War, mythology, etc. Also notes on Samuel Perryman (Thenahta Tustenugga) and a list of songs.
Indians of North America -- Southwest, New Search this
Indians of North America -- Great Plains Search this
Indians of North America -- Southern States Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Pages
Date:
1916-1917
Scope and Contents:
Contents: "Key to Comparative vocabularies," a numerical key to English equivalents of the Indian terms in the vocabularies. Typescript and autograph document. 2 pages. Comparative vocabulary of Natchez, Tunica, Chitimacha, and Attacapa. Autograph document. 22 pages. Comparative vocabulary of Creek, Choctaw, Alabama, and Hitchiti. Autograph document. 23 pages. Comparative vocabulary of Tonkawa, Comecrudo, Coahuilteco, Cotoname, and Karankawa. Autograph document. 22 pages. Comparative vocabulary of Koasati, Creek, Hitchiti, Alabama, Choctaw, Chickasaw, and Natchez. Typescript and autograph document. 2 pages. Comparative vocabulary of Timucua and other Southeastern languages. Typescript and Autograph document. 19 pages. Comparison of Natchez vocabulary, phonology and structure with other Muskhogean languages. Typescript Document with A. notations. 57 cards.
Biographical / Historical:
According to Bureau of American Ethnology-AR 38, pages 5-6, Swanton worked on a comparative vocabulary of these languages in 1916-1917.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 4121
Local Note:
typescript and autograph document
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation Search this
Indians of North America -- Southern States Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Pages
Date:
undated
Scope and Contents:
Contents: "Affinity of Timucua with the Arawak stock." 3 pages orig. by A. S. Gatschet, including brief vocabulary. "Affinities of Timucua with Maskoki, some probably derived from intercourse with the Seminoles." 4 pages orig. by A. S. Gatschet, including brief vocabulary. "Affinity of Timucua with Carib." 2 pages orig. by A. S. Gatschet, including brief vocabulary.
Also partial copy by Cushing, 6 pages.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 3976
Local Note:
Cf. Gatschet, Timucua notebook, Bureau of American Ethnology Manuscript Number 2000.
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation Search this
Citation:
Manuscript 3976, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Indians of North America -- Southern States Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Date:
undated
Scope and Contents:
Miscellaneous papers as follows:
Gatschet,- The Timucua Language. Florida Linguistics-- Mouilla, Pareja, Sedeno. Florida Springs. Chichimees in Florida. Yamassee War, 1715. Mobilians. Yamasee. Creeks- Adair. Apalachees, Conchaques, Alibamons, Apalachicolys. Cannibals Defined, 1520. Narvaez, 1528. Timucua. Ais. Cuban Colony and the Arawaks. Caloosas and Neighbors- Spanish Captives 1564. Discovery of Florida- 1513. Remnant Tribes in Cuba- 1881. Jordan River, Florida. Cuban Colony in Florida. Florida Tribes in 1821. Caloosa Cannibals. Missions, Apalachee and Timucua. Spanish Indians, etc., in the Seminole War. Copy from the "General History of the vast continent and Islands of America", etc. (23 pages) Caloosas etc in Seminole War. Also many miscellaneous notes on these and other subjects. Florida Authorities. Caloosa, etc. 1566- Barcia, Ensayo. Voyage to Georgia, 1744 (Moore). Dictionary Sheets. Henning, Statutes of Virginia. Fitzpatrick, Thomas, Biographical Notes- 1823-1834. Florida- Barcia-Ensayo, Extract of, 1567-8-9. Florida- Dickinson, Narrative 1699. Florida Antillean Connection. Florida- Barcia, Ensayo- Miscellany 1544-1719 (2). Florida- Barcia, Ensayo Extracts of 1566. Florida- De Soto Narratives 1539. Florida- Notes by A. S. Gatschet, explaining "some names and terms of the Hernando de Soto relations." 2 pages foolscap.
Indians of North America -- Southern States Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Date:
undated
Scope and Contents:
With partial interlinear translation in English by J. R. Swanton. Typewritten copies of those portions of the texts written in Timucua, with the accompanying Spanish translations. A, B, and D copied by Mrs Anna B. Albert and C and E by John R. Swanton. All read and corrected in April-June by Swanton, who comments, "The only changes not indicated are certain peculiarities of typesetting such as the indiscriminate use of u and v, and the use of overlined vowels to show that an n or m follows. Except to settle an unusually obscure point, it will be unnecessary to consult the photocopy [Manuscript 2401], which is on very brittle paper."
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 2446-e
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation Search this
Citation:
Manuscript 2446-e, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Indians of North America -- Southern States Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Date:
undated
Scope and Contents:
Original version. Revised version, arranged according to stems, is Manuscript 2446-d.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 2446-b
Local Note:
Swanton writes (to F. H. H. Roberts, Jr., October 10, 1953): "The supposed words in the material were carded off from the texts by Miss Tucker, but the original typesetters separated single words into two or more or ran several together and used or omitted hyphens ad lib. This material was, I believe, retained and it covers a great many cards. The only reason for retaining them was the possibility that they might be of use to another on-the-spot student. However, there is little further value connected with them. These were studied by me while in Washington and I detected and recopied most of the words under their several stems...That set [Manuscript 2446-d] would be worth photocopying for it would save a future investigator a lot of work."
Citation:
Manuscript 2446-b, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Indians of North America -- Southern States Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Date:
undated
Scope and Contents:
Words extracted from the religious works of Pareja and Movilla, including "Codex A" through "Codex E" [Manuscript 2401] and the Grammar of Francisco Pareja published by Lucien Adam in the Bibliotheque Linguistique Americaine. This is the revised version, arranged under stems. Oroginal version, with word forms as taken verbatim from the text is Manuscript 2446-b.
Timucua-English and Timucua-Spanish. English translations given outright; Spanish usage represented by numbers referring to page and line in annotated copies of the texts [Manuscript 2401]. Cases drawn from the Grammar marked G." Approximately 3600 cards (2 boxes). English-Timucua index. ("Alltogether tentative."--Swanton.) Approximately 1800 cards. (1 box).
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 2446-d
Local Note:
"Contains all of the Timucua material known to be in existence except that in a letter published by Peter Force, and a longer letter which was prepared for publication by the Florida State Historical Society but never appeared [Manuscript 2446-f]." --Swanton.
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation Search this
Citation:
Manuscript 2446-d, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Indians of North America -- Southern States Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Date:
undated
Scope and Contents:
Contents: Pareja, Francisco. Catechismo, y Breve Exposicion de la Doctrina Christiana. Muy util y necessaria asi para los Espanoles, como para los Naturales, en Lengua Castellana, y Timuquana, en modo de preguntas, y repuestas, Copuesto por el P. F. Francisco Pareja de la Orden de N. Seraphico P. S. Fracisco, Padre dela Custodia de S. Elena de la Florida. Con licencia de los Superiores, en Mexico, en casa de la viuda de Pedro Balli. Ano de 1612. Por C. A. Cesar. Photostat. 177 pages. Annotated by John R. Swanton. Called "Codex A" by Swanton. Pareja, Francisco. Confessionario en Lengua Castellana, y Timuquana Con algunos consejos para animar al penitente. Y asi mismo van declarados algunos effectos y prerrogariuas deste sancto sacramento de la Confession. Todo muy util y provechoso, asi para que los padres confessores sepan instruyr al penitente como para que ellos aprendan a saberse confessar. Ordenado por el Padre Fr. Francisco Pareja, Padre de la Custodia de santa Elena de la Florida. Relioioso de la Orden de nuestro Seraphico Padre San Francisco. Impresso con licencia en Mexico, en la Emprenta de la Vidua de Diego Lopez Daualos. Ano de 1613. Photostat, 239 pages. Annotated by John R. Swanton. Called "Codex B" by Swanton. "One sheet near the end is missing but it contains no Timucua material." --J. R. Swanton. Pareja, Francisco. Cathecismo, en Lengva Castellana, y Timuquana. En el qual se contiene lo que les puede ensenar a los adultos que an de ser baptizados. Compuesto por el Pl F. Francisco Pareja, Religioso de la Orden del seraphico P. S. Francisco, Guardian del Conuento de la purisima Cocepcion de N. Senora de S. Augustin, y Padre de la Custodia de Sancta Elena de la Florida. En Mexico. En la Impreta dela Viuda de Pedro Balli. Per C. Adriano Cesar. M. DC XII. [1612] Photostat. 80 pages. Annotated by John R. Swanton. Called "Codex C" by Swanton.
Movilla, Gregorio De. Explicacion de la Doctrina que Compuso el Cardenal Belarmino, por mandado del Senor Papa Clemente 8. Traducida en Lengua Floridana: por el Padre Fr. Gregorio de Mouilla Diffinidor de la Provincia de Santa Elena, de la Orden de S. Francisco, natural de la Villa de Carrion de los Condes, hijo de la Provincia de la Concepcion, y del Convento recolecto de nra Senora de Calahorra. Corregida, enmendada y anadida en esta segunda impression, por el mesmo Autor. En Mexico. Impressa con licencia en la Imprenta de Juan Ruyz. Ano de 1635. Photostat, 211 pages. Annotated by John R. Swanton. Called "Codex D" by Swanton. Also copy of Pater Noster made from above work for Buckingham Smith. Photostat, 2 pages. Movilla, Gregorio De. Forma Breve de Administrar los Sacramentos a los Indios, y Espanoles que viven entre ellos. Approbado por Autoridad Apostolica, y facado del Manual Mexicano, que se usa en toda la nueva Espana y Piru, mutatis mutandis, esto es lo q estaua en legua Mexicana traducido en lengua Floridana. Para uso de los Religiosos de nro Padre S. Francisco, que son los ministros de las Prouincias de la Florida. Por el Padre Fr. Gregorio de Mouilla. Con licencia del senor Don Lope Altamirano Comissario general de la Santa Cruzada. Impresso en Mexico, por Juan Ruyz. Ano de 1635. Photostat, 33 pages. Annotated by John R. Swanton. Called "Codex E" by Swanton.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 2401
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation Search this
Citation:
Manuscript 2401, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Indians of North America -- Southern States Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Volumes
Date:
undated
Scope and Contents:
"Volume 7" contains mostly material from literature; short Mohawk vocabulary may be field data. "Volume 10" is largely or entirely data from published and manuscript sources (not field data), but contains some original analyses (e.g., Timucua, Paiute).--WCS 12/58
"Volume 10" Contains "The Eagle Story" in Uinta Ute with translation and annotations (pages 63-73).
Biographical / Historical:
Ute material copied by Gatschet from John W. Powell on April 14, 1878.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 2031
Local Note:
"Volume 7" dated November 30, '75 inside cover, "Volume 10" dated April 14, 1878 on page 73.
Indians of North America -- Southern States Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Volumes
Pages
Date:
undated
Scope and Contents:
Extracts from published Timucua texts by Morilla and Pareja, notes on historical sources on Timucua and South Florida, suggested comparisons and etymologies for Fontaneda's Calusa words; comparisons of Timucua vocabulary with Creek, Yuchi, Island Carib, Calibi, Tupi-Guarani, Guajiro, Chayona, Cumanagota and Tumanaco.
Above correction and additional information supplied by W.C. Sturtevant.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 2000
Local Note:
Autograph document
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation Search this
Citation:
Manuscript 2000, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
