The collection includes 29 postage stamps from the Republic of Mali, (24) color postcards, (2) 8 x 10 inch black and white photogaphs, and (2) framed thank you letters to "Terri" (Ambassador Fred Hadsel). Two postcards (1970, 1972) are to Winifred Hadsel, two have notes describing the location/date (1972-1973), while the rest are blank. The postcards depict landscapes and people in Somalia, Mali, Ivory Coast, and Niger, among others. One of the thank you letters is from Prince Ermias and Gelila Sahle-Selanie (October 25, 1999). The second is from Richard Beresford and Timothy Holmes, thanking Ambassador Hadsel for his hospitality towards Prince Ermias and his family during their visit to Saratoga (September 19, 1999). One of the black and white photos is by Bob Puglisi and depicts Winifred Hadsel and actress Lynn Fontanne. The other is of Ambassador Hadsel and Mrs. Hadsel receiving a painting. A handwritten note on the verso reads: "Farewell to Accra".
Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
Genre/Form:
Letters
Postcards
Postage stamps
Black-and-white photographs
Citation:
Chris Hadsel Collection, EEPA 2012-015, Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives, National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
EEPA.2012-015
Archival Repository:
Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives, National Museum of African Art
193 Items (postcards and photographs, black and white and color)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Postcards
Photographs
Place:
China -- Description and Travel
Egypt -- description and travel
Hong Kong -- Description and Travel
India -- description and travel
Japan -- Description and Travel
Kuwait
Oman
Somalia
Sri Lanka -- 1890-1920
Yemen
Date:
circa 1895-1909
Scope and Contents:
Assembled by English petty officer Russell Hamilton (d. 1911) during his voyages made prior to 1909, likely for the British Merchant Marines, documenting images of China, Egypt, Hong Kong, India, Japan, Kuwait, Oman, Madagascar, Mauritius, Seychelles, Somalia, Sri Lanka, and Yemen. The items date from between the late 1890's and 1909.The 183 photographic postcards are both black and white and hand-tinted with many captions in English created for Western audiences They were produced by various publishers, among whom Clifton & Co. The 10 silver prints depict people in daily activities, culture groups, street scenes, city views, architectural monuments and landscapes.
Arrangement:
The postcards are organized by geographic location.
Local Numbers:
FSA A2001.13
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
Genre/Form:
Postcards
Photographs
Identifier:
FSA.A2001.13
Archival Repository:
Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Archives
This collection includes postcards from 45 African countries. Subjects include agriculture; animals; artists; body arts; cityscapes; cultural landscapes; dance; education; expeditions; flora; industry; leaders; marketplaces; medicine; military; missionaries; music; portraits; recreation; rites and ceremonies; and transportation, among many other topics.
Arrangement note:
Arranged by country and topic
Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
Genre/Form:
Postcards
Citation:
African Postcard collection, EEPA 1985-014, Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives, National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
Collection Citation:
African Postcard collection, EEPA 1985-014, Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives, National Museum of African Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Printed caption on verso reads: "Somalia Italiana - Donne indigene."
Series title on verso reads: "Africa." Item number on verso reads: "0301."
Addtional printed text on verso reads: "Casa Editr. Ballerini & Fratini - Firenze (125)." Stamp box reads: "A. XIII."
Local Numbers:
EEPA ET-20-67
General:
Title source: Postcard caption.
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
The Longido mountain rises up steeply from the plains and forms an important point of orientation for people in the wide surroundings. On the mountain and the surrounding plains Maasai warriors wander about with their cattle looking for pasture and water. The Struthio camelus massaicus in East Africa, is sometimes called the Masai Ostrich. Their range is essentailly limited to most of Kenya and Tanzania and parts of Southern Somalia where it grazes in the open savanna and miombo habitat. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for Life magazine and traveled to Africa from January 8, 1947 to end of June 1947.
Local Numbers:
Negative number 24658, C-9A, 27.
General:
Title source: Index card based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
Typed index card reads, "V 4 Tan. Tanzania, near Longido. 3 ostriches. 3/1947. EE. neg.no. 24658, C-9A, 27." The card was written in 1977-79 by Archives staff using source provided by photographer.
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
The collection includes 193 slides taken by Marilyn Heldman in Ethiopia in the 1960s and 1970s. Subjects include architecture, art objects, marketplaces, pottery, reliefs and cultures including the Bamileke, Fulani, Hausa, Oyo and Yoruba peoples.
Scope and Contents:
The collection includes 193 slides taken by Marilyn Heldman in the 1960s and 1970s. Many of the photos were taken during fieldwork in Northern Ethiopia, supported by a National Endowment for the Humanities post-doctorate fellowship (1973-1974), or while working as a Curatorial Associate at the Museum of the Institute of Ethiopian Studies at Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia (1966-1967). Subjects include architecture, art objects, marketplaces, pottery, reliefs and cultures including the Bamileke, Fulani, Hausa, Oyo and Yoruba peoples.
Biographical / Historical:
Marilyn Heldman is an Adjunct Professor of Art History at American University (Washington, D.C.). Published in such journals as the Journal of Religion in Africa, African Arts and Northeast African Studies, Heldman has also written numerous books, notably African Zion: The Sacred Art of Ethiopia (1993) (cowritten with Stuart C. Munro-Hay). Heldman received a post-doctorate fellowship from the National Endowment for the Arts to complete field work in Northern Ethiopia (1973-1974). She has also held positions as Visiting Associate Professor in the Department of Art and Art History at the University of Missouri at St. Louis and Curatorial Associate at the Museum of the Institute of Ethiopian Studies at the Addis Ababa University, Ethiopia (1966-1967).
Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
Recorded in: Washington (D.C.), United States, July 3, 1988.
Restrictions:
Restrictions on access. Some duplication is allowed. Use of materials needs permission of the Smithsonian Institution.
Collection Rights:
Copyright and other restrictions may apply. Generally, materials created during a Festival are covered by a release signed by each participant permitting their use for personal and educational purposes; materials created as part of the fieldwork leading to a Festival may be more restricted. We permit and encourage such personal and educational use of those materials provided digitally here, without special permissions. Use of any materials for publication, commercial use, or distribution requires a license from the Archives. Licensing fees may apply in addition to any processing fees.
Smithsonian Institution. Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Introduction:
The first in what later became a series of annual tributes to Festival founding director Ralph Rinzler featured two of his earliest collaborators in the folk revival - Pete Seeger and Mike Seeger - as well as Piedmont blues from the duo of John Cephas and Phil Wiggins and African American music of the Appalachians from Ed Cabbell and Melissa Cabbell.
Other special evening concerts provided a preview of an ongoing project concerning African immigrant communities in the Washington, D.C. metropolitan area. While many recent African immigrant communities shared some social characteristics with each other, with others of the African diaspora, and with immigrant groups in general, they also varied considerably in size, in the length of time they had been in the United States, and in the circumstances that brought them to this country. Some individuals came with scholarships to American universities; others fled oppressive political situations with "only the shirt on their backs," as one Ethiopian educator and cab driver explains.
In the process of building community life in the United States, African-born immigrants in America in the 1990s were creating new and unique forms of expressive culture patterned after but not identical to African forms; they actively and explicitly used the language of tradition - ways of cooking food, of dressing, of dancing - to define themselves as Africans, in the context of the United States, to each other and to the world.
Fieldwork by the project team - primarily constituted of community-based scholars - during the project's first year hinted at the richness of the material available: from Ghanaian drumming to Zairian soukous music; from Nigerian jollof rice to Ethiopian coffee ceremonies; from Senegalese hair-braiding to Somalian women's songs; from South African poetry of invocation to personal experience stories of immigrants' first encounters with American culture. The African Immigrant Study Group hoped that the activities at the 1995 Festival as well as the full program in 1997 would make their cultures more accessible and more valued as an important part of the Washington area's cultural heritage.
Emily Botein was Program Coordinator for the evening programs and special events. The African Immigrant Folklife Study Project was directed by Diana Baird N'Diaye, with Betty Belanus serving as Education Specialist, Roland Freeman as Fieldwork Photography Advisor, and Sulayman Nyang as Head Advisor. Project Advisors included Mary Jo Arnoldi, Hayelom Ayele, Laura Bigman, Camilla Bryce-Laporte, Roy Bryce-Laporte, Olivia Cadaval, Roland Freeman, Philippa Jackson, Portia James, Niani Kilkenny, Michael Licht, Phyllis May-Machunda, Deborah Mack, Sharon Rienken, Beverly Robinson, Fath Ruffins, Peter Seitel, and Addisu Tolesa.
THE VOLTA ENSEMBLE, GHANAIAN (EWE) COMMUNITY -- THE VOLTA ENSEMBLE, GHANAIAN (EWE) COMMUNITYAdult performersGodwin AgodoRad AkoriiJosephine AkuDavid Aku, Sr.William AyensonEric AzumaEvelyn AzumaFelly BlegeNana BlegeKenzie DamankeWilliam DzathorKwame Koffle-LartSteve NashGeorgina NuwameEmmanual SawyerGladys VodiChild performersDela AgodoEmefa AgodoGamell AgodoSesime AgodoCynthia AkuDavid Aku, Jr.Amanda AzumaSefe AzumaSelom AzumaEnyonam BlegeEyram BlegeSitsofe BlegeAlexandra NuwamePascal NuwameSharon NuwameAfi VodiMawuii Vodi
THE NILE ETHIOPIAN ENSEMBLE, ETHIOPIAN COMMUNITY -- THE NILE ETHIOPIAN ENSEMBLE, ETHIOPIAN COMMUNITYSetagne Atena, masinko (one-stringed fiddle)Abebe Belew, kebero drumsAlmaz Getahun, danceAshenafi Miteku, danceSelamawit Nega, vocalsAsaye Zegeye, kraar (six stringed lyre)
SOUKOUS
PAPA LOUIS AND LIZIBA, CENTRAL AFRICAN COMMUNITY -- PAPA LOUIS AND LIZIBA, CENTRAL AFRICAN COMMUNITYPapa Louis, lead guitarJoselito De Kashama, vocals"Stick" Malowdo, drumsMartino, guitarGelo De Mingongo, vocalsWilly Naweza, vocals"Petit" Sammy, atalakuZino "Synthe", keyboards
THE SENEGALESE SUPPORT SOCIETY AND GAMBIAN ASSOCIATION -- THE SENEGALESE SUPPORT SOCIETY AND GAMBIAN ASSOCIATIONAwa Ba, danceMariama Diop, danceMagatte fall, talking drumMare Gueye, ndere drumIdrissa Gueye, mbeung-mbeung drumBara Mboup, lamb drumCheikh Tahirou MBaye, ndere drumMame Khoudia Niang, danceSophie Sar, danceHaddy Mu Ndow Sekka, dance
BASOTHO PRAISE POETRY
LESOTHO-SOUTH AFRICAN COMMUNITY -- LESOTHO-SOUTH AFRICAN COMMUNITYMike Mvelase, poet
NORTH AFRICAN
THE NORTH AFRICAN REGION ENSEMBLE -- THE NORTH AFRICAN REGION ENSEMBLEMohamed Habibi, luteSayed Ismeal, oud, group leaderAdel Al Khadi, violinKhalid, DrumMahmoud Tutu, niy flute
NGONJERA (POETIC CONVERSATION)
THE ASSOCIATION OF TANZANIAN COMMUNITY IN AMERICA -- THE ASSOCIATION OF TANZANIAN COMMUNITY IN AMERICAEmanuel Bandawe, performerJessica Kamala Mushala, performerPrimrose Mushala, performerMartin Ngireu, writerGeorge Sebo, performer
PRAISE POETRY INVOCATION, CELEBRATORY DANCE, NIGERIAN COMMUNITY
IGBO POETRY OF INVOCATION, THE ANIOMA ASSOCIATION -- IGBO POETRY OF INVOCATION, THE ANIOMA ASSOCIATIONAugustine Nwabueze, president, responseTony Dunkwu, responseFidelis Iwugo, responseGeorge Nwabuku, responseFlorence Nwaonye, responseSonny Obidi, responseChief Raphael Ogbolu, invocationKunirum Osia, responseMr. & Mrs. Elias Uwandi, response
EWI (YORUBA PRAISE POETRY)
Abiodun Adepoju, poetry
Kemi Oriowo, dance
Tayo Oriowo, talking drum
CELEBRATORY DANCE
THE AKWA IBOM STATE ASSOCIATION OF NIGERIA -- THE AKWA IBOM STATE ASSOCIATION OF NIGERIAFrank Akanem, presidentJustina Ikpim, vice presidentElizabeth Akanem, danceFlorence Inwang, danceHelen Inwang, danceEdemekong Isema, drumIbok Isema, drumSamuel Isema, drumWilson Oduk, drumEno Okon, danceGodwin Udo, drumRose Williams, dance
PAN-AFRICAN IMMIGRANT GOSPEL MUSIC
MIXED CHOIR OF THE CHURCH OF THE LIVING GOD -- MIXED CHOIR OF THE CHURCH OF THE LIVING GODLeslie Hawkins, senior choir directorSamuel Gyermah, junior choir directorSamuef Agyepong-Mensah, band leader, lead guitaristJuliana Agyepong-Mensah, lead vocalsSamuel Jr. Agyepong-Mensah, bass guitarNana Busia, alto vocalsYau Cann, congasErnest Frimpong, congasKwabena Larbi, drumsInnocent Onyeanusi, drums, bass guitar
A Tribute to Ralph Rinzler: July 2nd Evening Concert
Ed Cabbell, vocals, Morgantown, West Virginia
Melissa Cabbell, vocals, Tahens, West Virginia
John Cephas, vocals, guitar, Woodford, Virginia
Phil Wiggins, harmonica, Washington, D.C.
Mike Seeger, vocals, guitar, banjo, autoharp, Lexington, Virginia
Pete Seeger, vocals, banjo, guitar, Beacon, New York
Collection Restrictions:
Access by appointment only. Where a listening copy or viewing copy has been created, this is indicated in the respective inventory; additional materials may be accessible with sufficient advance notice and, in some cases, payment of a processing fee. Older papers are housed at a remote location and may require a minimum of three weeks' advance notice and payment of a retrieval fee. Certain formats such as multi-track audio recordings and EIAJ-1 videoreels (1/2 inch) may not be accessible. Contact the Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections at 202-633-7322 or rinzlerarchives@si.edu for additional information.
Collection Rights:
Copyright and other restrictions may apply. Generally, materials created during a Festival are covered by a release signed by each participant permitting their use for personal and educational purposes; materials created as part of the fieldwork leading to a Festival may be more restricted. We permit and encourage such personal and educational use of those materials provided digitally here, without special permissions. Use of any materials for publication, commercial use, or distribution requires a license from the Archives. Licensing fees may apply in addition to any processing fees.
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Folklife Festival records: 1995 Festival of American Folklife, Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections, Smithsonian Institution.
102 Vera Oye Yaa-Anna & Joe Ngwa / Joe Ngwa, Vera Oye Yaa-Anna. Bata (Drum),Xylophone.
Local Numbers:
FP-1997-CT-0234-7
Publication, Distribution, Etc. (Imprint):
United States 1997
Date/Time and Place of an Event Note:
Recorded in: Washington (D.C.), United States, June 25, 1997.
Restrictions:
Restrictions on access. SI Permission.
Collection Rights:
Copyright and other restrictions may apply. Generally, materials created during a Festival are covered by a release signed by each participant permitting their use for personal and educational purposes; materials created as part of the fieldwork leading to a Festival may be more restricted. We permit and encourage such personal and educational use of those materials provided digitally here, without special permissions. Use of any materials for publication, commercial use, or distribution requires a license from the Archives. Licensing fees may apply in addition to any processing fees.
101 Vera Oye Yaa-Anna & Joe Ngwa / Vera Oye Yaa-Anna.
102 Somali Oud / Hassan Gure, Kofi Roger Dennis. Oud,Bongo.
Local Numbers:
FP-1997-CT-0236-7
Publication, Distribution, Etc. (Imprint):
United States 1997
Date/Time and Place of an Event Note:
Recorded in: Washington (D.C.), United States, June 25, 1997.
Restrictions:
Restrictions on access. SI Permission.
Collection Rights:
Copyright and other restrictions may apply. Generally, materials created during a Festival are covered by a release signed by each participant permitting their use for personal and educational purposes; materials created as part of the fieldwork leading to a Festival may be more restricted. We permit and encourage such personal and educational use of those materials provided digitally here, without special permissions. Use of any materials for publication, commercial use, or distribution requires a license from the Archives. Licensing fees may apply in addition to any processing fees.
101 Nigerian (Igbo) Naming Ceremony / Anioma Association (Washington, D.C.).
102 Somali Oud / Hassan Gure. Oud.
Local Numbers:
FP-1997-CT-0253-7
Date/Time and Place of an Event Note:
Recorded in: Washington (D.C.), United States, July 6, 1997.
Restrictions:
Restrictions on access. SI Permission.
Collection Rights:
Copyright and other restrictions may apply. Generally, materials created during a Festival are covered by a release signed by each participant permitting their use for personal and educational purposes; materials created as part of the fieldwork leading to a Festival may be more restricted. We permit and encourage such personal and educational use of those materials provided digitally here, without special permissions. Use of any materials for publication, commercial use, or distribution requires a license from the Archives. Licensing fees may apply in addition to any processing fees.
102 Nigerian (Igbo) Coming of Age Cermony / All NGWA Society.
Local Numbers:
FP-1997-CT-0254-7
Date/Time and Place of an Event Note:
Recorded in: Washington (D.C.), United States, July 6, 1997.
Restrictions:
Restrictions on access. SI Permission.
Collection Rights:
Copyright and other restrictions may apply. Generally, materials created during a Festival are covered by a release signed by each participant permitting their use for personal and educational purposes; materials created as part of the fieldwork leading to a Festival may be more restricted. We permit and encourage such personal and educational use of those materials provided digitally here, without special permissions. Use of any materials for publication, commercial use, or distribution requires a license from the Archives. Licensing fees may apply in addition to any processing fees.
Recorded in: Washington (D.C.), United States, June 28, 1997.
Restrictions:
Restrictions on access. SI Permission.
Collection Rights:
Copyright and other restrictions may apply. Generally, materials created during a Festival are covered by a release signed by each participant permitting their use for personal and educational purposes; materials created as part of the fieldwork leading to a Festival may be more restricted. We permit and encourage such personal and educational use of those materials provided digitally here, without special permissions. Use of any materials for publication, commercial use, or distribution requires a license from the Archives. Licensing fees may apply in addition to any processing fees.
101 Old Traditions in New Settings: Ethiopian Weddings / Dorothy Osei-Kuffuor, Ladena Schnapper, Tshion Debbs.
101 Work Experiences / Ade Animashuan, Sola Akintunde-Yussuf, Toy Erehosima.
101 Work Experience Stories / Kwaku Ofori-Ansa.
Local Numbers:
FP-1997-CT-0270-7
Date/Time and Place of an Event Note:
Recorded in: Washington (D.C.), United States, June 28, 1997.
Restrictions:
Restrictions on access. SI Permission.
Collection Rights:
Copyright and other restrictions may apply. Generally, materials created during a Festival are covered by a release signed by each participant permitting their use for personal and educational purposes; materials created as part of the fieldwork leading to a Festival may be more restricted. We permit and encourage such personal and educational use of those materials provided digitally here, without special permissions. Use of any materials for publication, commercial use, or distribution requires a license from the Archives. Licensing fees may apply in addition to any processing fees.
Recorded in: Washington (D.C.), United States, June 28, 1997.
Restrictions:
Restrictions on access. SI Permission.
Collection Rights:
Copyright and other restrictions may apply. Generally, materials created during a Festival are covered by a release signed by each participant permitting their use for personal and educational purposes; materials created as part of the fieldwork leading to a Festival may be more restricted. We permit and encourage such personal and educational use of those materials provided digitally here, without special permissions. Use of any materials for publication, commercial use, or distribution requires a license from the Archives. Licensing fees may apply in addition to any processing fees.
101 Passing on Culture: Community Building / Diana Baird N'Diaye, Voseah Abdi.
102 Connections to Home: African Immigrant Folklife / Charles Chibuikem Elegalam, Ibrahim Kanja Bah, Nomvula Cook.
103 Cultural Autobiography: African Immigration / Ibrahim Kanja Bah, Abdirahaman Mohammed, Aristide Pereira.
Local Numbers:
FP-1997-CT-0277-7
Date/Time and Place of an Event Note:
Recorded in: Washington (D.C.), United States, July 2, 1997.
Restrictions:
Restrictions on access. SI Permission.
Collection Rights:
Copyright and other restrictions may apply. Generally, materials created during a Festival are covered by a release signed by each participant permitting their use for personal and educational purposes; materials created as part of the fieldwork leading to a Festival may be more restricted. We permit and encourage such personal and educational use of those materials provided digitally here, without special permissions. Use of any materials for publication, commercial use, or distribution requires a license from the Archives. Licensing fees may apply in addition to any processing fees.
103 Old Traditions in New Settings: Adornment Traditions / Dorothy Osei-Kuffuor, Peter Pipim.
Local Numbers:
FP-1997-CT-0278-7
Date/Time and Place of an Event Note:
Recorded in: Washington (D.C.), United States, July 2, 1997.
Restrictions:
Restrictions on access. SI Permission.
Collection Rights:
Copyright and other restrictions may apply. Generally, materials created during a Festival are covered by a release signed by each participant permitting their use for personal and educational purposes; materials created as part of the fieldwork leading to a Festival may be more restricted. We permit and encourage such personal and educational use of those materials provided digitally here, without special permissions. Use of any materials for publication, commercial use, or distribution requires a license from the Archives. Licensing fees may apply in addition to any processing fees.
101 Passing on Culture: Immigration Stories-African Students / Makale Faber, Mariama Souare, Perlita Muiruri.
102 Culture Bridging / Kanuthia Macharia, Mark Williams, Peter Pipim.
103 Passing on Culture: Somalia / Hassan Gure. Oud.
Local Numbers:
FP-1997-CT-0282-7
Date/Time and Place of an Event Note:
Recorded in: Washington (D.C.), United States, July 3, 1997.
Restrictions:
Restrictions on access. SI Permission.
Collection Rights:
Copyright and other restrictions may apply. Generally, materials created during a Festival are covered by a release signed by each participant permitting their use for personal and educational purposes; materials created as part of the fieldwork leading to a Festival may be more restricted. We permit and encourage such personal and educational use of those materials provided digitally here, without special permissions. Use of any materials for publication, commercial use, or distribution requires a license from the Archives. Licensing fees may apply in addition to any processing fees.
102 Old Traditions in New Settings / Hassan Gure, Justina Ikpim, Sam Udofia.
Local Numbers:
FP-1997-CT-0288-7
Publication, Distribution, Etc. (Imprint):
United States 1997
Date/Time and Place of an Event Note:
Recorded in: Washington (D.C.), United States, July 4, 1997.
Restrictions:
Restrictions on access. SI Permission.
Collection Rights:
Copyright and other restrictions may apply. Generally, materials created during a Festival are covered by a release signed by each participant permitting their use for personal and educational purposes; materials created as part of the fieldwork leading to a Festival may be more restricted. We permit and encourage such personal and educational use of those materials provided digitally here, without special permissions. Use of any materials for publication, commercial use, or distribution requires a license from the Archives. Licensing fees may apply in addition to any processing fees.
