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The Act That Bought Slaves Freedom in D.C.

Creator:
Smithsonian Channel  Search this
Type:
YouTube Videos
Uploaded:
2013-02-12T21:00:41.000Z
YouTube Category:
Entertainment  Search this
See more by:
smithsonianchannel
Data Source:
Smithsonian Channel
YouTube Channel:
smithsonianchannel
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:yt_5Uu_C8Iteu4

National Association of Colored Women's Clubs, Inc., program in commemoration of the life and works of Frederick Douglass

Creator:
National Association of Colored Women's Clubs (U.S.)  Search this
Collection Collector:
Whitehead, Henry Preston, 1917-2002  Search this
Extent:
1 Document (10 3/4 x 8 inches)
Type:
Archival materials
Documents
Programs
Place:
Washington (D.C.)
Date:
February 26, 1961
Collection Restrictions:
Use of the materials requires an appointment. Please contact the archivist to make an appointment: ACMarchives@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
The Henry P. Whitehead collection is the physical property of the Anacostia Community Museum. Literary and copyright belong to the author/creator or their legal heirs and assigns. Rights to work produced during the normal course of Museum business resides with the Anacostia Community Museum. For further information, and to obtain permission to publish or reproduce, contact the Museum Archives.
Topic:
African American women -- Societies and clubs  Search this
Genre/Form:
Programs
Collection Citation:
Henry P. Whitehead collection, Anacostia Community Museum Archives, Smithsonian Institution, gift of Michael A. Watkins.
See more items in:
Henry P. Whitehead collection
Henry P. Whitehead collection / Series 3: Tomlinson D. Todd / 3.7: Subject Files / National Association of Colored Women's Club's, Inc.
Archival Repository:
Anacostia Community Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/qa77f56e978-41ce-449e-af49-38144baed3af
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-acma-06-042-ref1889
1 Page(s) matching your search term, top most relevant are shown: View entire project in transcription center
  • View National Association of Colored Women's Clubs, Inc., program in commemoration of the life and works of Frederick Douglass digital asset number 1

Emancipation Group

Alternate Title:
Abraham Lincoln and Freed Slave
Artist:
Thomas Ball, 3 Jun 1819 - 11 Dec 1911  Search this
Sitter:
Abraham Lincoln, 12 Feb 1809 - 15 Apr 1865  Search this
Medium:
Bronze
Dimensions:
With Base: 81.5 x 52.6 x 38.5cm (32 1/16 x 20 11/16 x 15 3/16")
Type:
Sculpture
Date:
1865
Topic:
Printed Material\Book  Search this
Printed Material\Document\Scroll  Search this
Equipment\Shield  Search this
Nature & Environment\Plant\Wreath\Laurel  Search this
Equipment\Shackles  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Male  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Military and Intelligence\Soldier  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Society and Social Change\Reformer\Environmentalist  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Illinois  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\Government official\Surveyor  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\State Senator\Illinois  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\Government official\Postmaster  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Crafts and Trades\Boat builder  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Montclair Art Museum
Object number:
13.10 MAM
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4a8b9bed9-dcbe-4ecc-bcc2-b4c51f819980
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_13.10_MAM

Emancipation Group

Alternate Title:
Abraham Lincoln and Freed Slave
Artist:
Thomas Ball, 3 Jun 1819 - 11 Dec 1911  Search this
Sitter:
Abraham Lincoln, 12 Feb 1809 - 15 Apr 1865  Search this
Medium:
Bronze
Dimensions:
Estimate: 84 x 54 x 44cm (33 1/16 x 21 1/4 x 17 5/16")
Type:
Sculpture
Date:
1865
Topic:
Printed Material\Book  Search this
Printed Material\Document\Scroll  Search this
Equipment\Shield  Search this
Nature & Environment\Plant\Wreath\Laurel  Search this
Equipment\Shackles  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Male  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Military and Intelligence\Soldier  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Society and Social Change\Reformer\Environmentalist  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Illinois  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\Government official\Surveyor  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\State Senator\Illinois  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\Government official\Postmaster  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Crafts and Trades\Boat builder  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: University of Michigan
Object number:
1895.13
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4884f5bf3-ddca-4c38-81ee-8822ec1ed291
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_1895.13

Emancipation Group

Alternate Title:
Abraham Lincoln and Freed Slave
Artist:
Thomas Ball, 3 Jun 1819 - 11 Dec 1911  Search this
Sitter:
Abraham Lincoln, 12 Feb 1809 - 15 Apr 1865  Search this
Medium:
Marble
Dimensions:
Estimate: 113 x 70 x 57cm (44 1/2 x 27 9/16 x 22 7/16")
Type:
Sculpture
Place:
Italia\Toscana\Firenze\Florence
Date:
1873
Topic:
Printed Material\Book  Search this
Printed Material\Document\Scroll  Search this
Equipment\Shield  Search this
Nature & Environment\Plant\Wreath\Laurel  Search this
Equipment\Shackles  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Male  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Military and Intelligence\Soldier  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Society and Social Change\Reformer\Environmentalist  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Illinois  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\Government official\Surveyor  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\State Senator\Illinois  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\Government official\Postmaster  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Crafts and Trades\Boat builder  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Chazen Museum of Art, University of Wisconsin-Madison
Object number:
1976.157 UWI
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm45796b0d9-35a8-4bdd-9064-f6376dc7539f
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_1976.157_UWI

The Emancipation Proclamation

Artist:
Adalbert John Volck, 14 Apr 1828 - 26 Mar 1912  Search this
Sitter:
Abraham Lincoln, 12 Feb 1809 - 15 Apr 1865  Search this
Medium:
Transfer lithograph on paper
Dimensions:
Image: 13.4 × 18 cm (5 1/4 × 7 1/16")
Sheet: 24.4 × 30.5 cm (9 5/8 × 12")
Type:
Print
Date:
1864
Topic:
Home Furnishings\Furniture\Seating\Chair  Search this
Printed Material\Book  Search this
Interior\Interior with Exterior View  Search this
Home Furnishings\Furniture\Table  Search this
Home Furnishings\Drape  Search this
Architecture\Window  Search this
Artwork\Sculpture  Search this
Personal Attribute\Facial Hair\Beard  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Male  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Military and Intelligence\Soldier  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Society and Social Change\Reformer\Environmentalist  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Illinois  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\Government official\Surveyor  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\State Senator\Illinois  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\Government official\Postmaster  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Crafts and Trades\Boat builder  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution
Object number:
NPG.79.95.V
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
National Portrait Gallery Collection
Data Source:
National Portrait Gallery
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4a59aef2a-ea95-42c6-8a6b-464465462fda
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_NPG.79.95.V

Emancipation Group

Alternate Title:
Freedom's Memorial
Abraham Lincoln and Freed Slave
Artist:
Thomas Ball, 3 Jun 1819 - 11 Dec 1911  Search this
Sitter:
Abraham Lincoln, 12 Feb 1809 - 15 Apr 1865  Search this
Medium:
Marble
Dimensions:
113.7 x 71.1cm (44 3/4 x 28")
Type:
Sculpture
Date:
1875
Topic:
Printed Material\Document\Scroll  Search this
Costume\Outerwear\Coat  Search this
Symbols & Motifs\Star  Search this
Artwork\Sculpture\Bas-relief  Search this
Equipment\Podium  Search this
Equipment\Shackles  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Male  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Military and Intelligence\Soldier  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Society and Social Change\Reformer\Environmentalist  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Illinois  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\Government official\Surveyor  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\State Senator\Illinois  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\Government official\Postmaster  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Crafts and Trades\Boat builder  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Mildred Lane Kemper Art Museum
Object number:
WU3782
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4644d07de-8101-42c2-b403-a13c0baeef7c
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_WU3782

Emancipated Slaves

Artist:
Myron H. Kimball, active 1850s - 1860s  Search this
Sitter:
Wilson Chinn, c. 1803 - after 1864  Search this
Charles Taylor, c. 1855 - ?  Search this
Augusta Broujey, c. 1854 - ?  Search this
Mary Johnson, active 1863  Search this
Isaac White, c. 1836 - ?  Search this
Rebecca Huger, c. 1852 - ?  Search this
Robert Whitehead, active 1863  Search this
Rosina Downs, 1865 - ?  Search this
Medium:
Albumen silver print
Dimensions:
Image/Sheet: 13.5 × 18.7 cm (5 5/16 × 7 3/8")
Mount: 20.4 × 25.4 cm (8 1/16 × 10")
Mat: 35 × 39.4 cm (13 3/4 × 15 1/2")
Type:
Photograph
Date:
1863
Topic:
Interior  Search this
Architecture\Column  Search this
Architecture\Pedestal  Search this
Costume\Headgear\Headscarf  Search this
Wilson Chinn: Male  Search this
Wilson Chinn: Society and Social Change\Enslaved person  Search this
Mary Johnson: Female  Search this
Mary Johnson: Society and Social Change\Enslaved person  Search this
Robert Whitehead: Society and Social Change\Enslaved person  Search this
Charles Taylor: Male  Search this
Charles Taylor: Society and Social Change\Enslaved person  Search this
Augusta Broujey: Female  Search this
Augusta Broujey: Society and Social Change\Enslaved person  Search this
Rebecca Huger: Female  Search this
Rosina Downs: Female  Search this
Rosina Downs: Society and Social Change\Enslaved person  Search this
Isaac White: Male  Search this
Isaac White: Society and Social Change\Enslaved person  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; purchase funded by the photography acquisitions endowment established by the Joseph L. and Emily K. Gidwitz Memorial Foundation
Object number:
NPG.2022.153
Restrictions & Rights:
CC0
See more items in:
National Portrait Gallery Collection
Data Source:
National Portrait Gallery
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4f68efad9-4861-46db-8439-8e354264aed3
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_NPG.2022.153

Received and Retained Reports Relating to Rations, Lands, and Bureau Personnel

Type:
Archival materials
Date:
1867
Collection Restrictions:
Freedmen's Bureau Digital Collection, 1865–1872, is a product of and owned by the National Museum of African American History and Culture, Smithsonian Institution. Copyright for digital images is retained by the donor, FamilySearch International; permission for commercial use of the digital images may be requested from FamilySearch International, Intellectual Property Office, at: cor-intellectualproperty@ldschurch.org.
Collection Citation:
Courtesy of the U. S. National Archives and Records Administration, FamilySearch International, and the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture.
Identifier:
NMAAHC.FB.M821, File 7.2.2
See more items in:
Records of the Assistant Commissioner for the State of Texas Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, 1865–1869
Records of the Assistant Commissioner for the State of Texas Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, 1865–1869 / Series 7: Reports / 7.2: Received and Retained Reports Relating to Rations, Lands, and Bureau Personnel
Archival Repository:
National Museum of African American History and Culture
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/io319d302e8-0315-49c6-bd91-49e48b0c7cd7
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmaahc-fb-m821-ref54
1 Page(s) matching your search term, top most relevant are shown: View entire project in transcription center
  • View Received and Retained Reports Relating to Rations, Lands, and Bureau Personnel digital asset number 1
Online Media:

Records of the Assistant Commissioner for the State of Texas Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, 1865–1869

Extent:
32 Reels
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Reels
Date:
1865–1869
Summary:
The collection is comprised of digital surrogates previously available on the 32 rolls of microfilm described in the NARA publication M821. These digital surrogates reproduced the records of the Assistant Commissioner for the State of Texas, Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, 1865–1869. The records consist of 10 volumes and some unbound documents. The volumes include letters and endorsements sent, orders issued, registers of letters received, and a "record of criminal offenses." The unbound documents consist primarily of letters and reports received.
Historical Note:
[The following is reproduced from the original NARA descriptive pamphlet for M821.]

HISTORY AND ORGANIZATION

The Freedmen's Bureau, as the Bureau was commonly known, was established in the War Department by an act of March 3, 1865 (13 Stat. 507), and extended twice by the acts of July 16, 1866 (14 Stat. 173), and July 6, 1868 (15 Stat. 83). Maj. Gen. Oliver Otis Howard, appointed Commissioner by the President in May 1865, served in that position throughout the life of the Bureau. In January 1869, in accordance with an act of July 25, 1868 (15 Stat. 193), its operations in the States were terminated except for educational functions and collection of claims. Remaining activities were terminated June 30, 1872, as required by an act of June 10, 1872 (17 Stat. 366).

Although the Bureau was part of the War Department, its work was primarily social and economic in nature. It cooperated with benevolent societies in issuing supplies to destitute persons and in maintaining freedmen's schools; supervised labor contracts between black employees and white employers; helped black soldiers and sailors to collect bounty claims, pensions, and backpay; and attended to the disposition of confiscated or abandoned lands and other property. In Texas, much of the Bureau's time and effort was expended in protecting freedmen from persecution, intimidation, and physical violence at the hands of whites or other freedmen.

The act of March 3, 1865, authorized the appointment of assistant commissioners to aid the Commissioner in supervising the work of the Bureau in the States. In Texas, operations began in September 1865 when Brig. Gen. Edgar M. Gregory took command as Assistant Commissioner and established headquarters at Galveston. Brig. Gen. Joseph Kiddoo relieved Gregory in May 1866 and was himself succeeded by Maj. Gen. Charles Griffin in January 1867, When Griffin died in office in September 1867, Maj. Gen. Joseph J. Reynolds assumed the duties of Assistant Commissioner but was absent from actual duty until November 1867; in the interim Lt. Charles Garretson, the Acting Assistant Adjutant General, acted as Assistant Commissioner. Upon his arrival, Reynolds moved the headquarters from Galveston to Houston, where it remained until the Bureau ended its operations in the State. In January 1869 Maj. Gen. Edward R. S. Canby succeeded Reynolds who subsequently resumed office in April and served until the Bureau, except for the Superintendent of Education, withdrew from Texas in May 1869.

Beginning in 1867 the Assistant Commissioners of Texas also served as the military commanders of Texas. The dual function of the Assistant Commissioners resulted in a succession of changes in the official headings used on correspondence and issuances. The title "Headquarters, Bureau R. F. & A. L." was changed in December 1867 to "Headquarters, Dist. Texas, Bureau R. F. & A. L." The heading "Headquarters, 5th Military Dist., Bureau R. F. & A. L." was used from August to December 1868, when the original heading was readopted. Although the Assistant Commissioners created and received records in both aspects of their dual capacities, they appear to have maintained separate sets of records for each.

The records that they created and received as military commanders of Texas are among Records of United States Army Continental Commands, 1821–1920, Record Group 393, and are not reproduced in this microfilm publication. The Assistant Commissioner's staff at various times consisted of an Assistant Adjutant General (or Acting Assistant Adjutant General), a Quartermaster and Disbursing Officer (or Assistant Quartermaster and Disbursing Officer, or Acting Assistant Quartermaster and Disbursing Officer), a Surgeon–in–Chief (or Chief Medical Officer), an Acting Assistant Inspector General (or Inspector), an Inspector of Schools, a Superintendent of Schools (or Superintendent of Education), and an Assistant Superintendent of Education. Upon occasion several of the offices were performed simultaneously by a single individual.

Subordinate to the Assistant Commissioner and his staff were the assistant superintendents, or subassistant commissioners as they later became known, who commanded the local field offices into which the state was divided for administrative purposes. Before 1867, one or more subassistant commissioners were assigned to particular county offices as was deemed appropriate by the Assistant Commissioner. On February 12, 1867, however, a circular letter issued by the Bureau headquarters in Washington directed that the states be divided into subdistricts consisting of counties designated by the Assistant Commissioner. Accordingly, on April 1, 1867, Assistant Commissioner Griffin issued a circular dividing Texas into 50 numbered districts (later called subdistricts); the number of these field offices was expanded to the maximum of 59 by August 1867.

Before this time, the activities of the Bureau had centered in the southeastern part of the state, but the numbered subdistricts represented an effort to distribute personnel and resources systematically throughout Texas. Each subdistrict was headed by a subassistant commissioner, some of whom had assistant subassistant commissioners as subordinates. The subassistant commissioners and their assistants were generally military officers or former military officers. At the outset of Bureau operations in Texas a number of Civil War Volunteer officers were utilized to fill the subordinate positions and were continued in office after they were mustered out of service. Other civilians, including citizens of Texas, also served in the subdistricts.

GENERAL RECORDKEEPING PRACTICES

The Assistant Commissioner corresponded extensively with his superior, Commissioner Howard, in the Washington Bureau headquarters, and with his subordinate officers in the field. Reports submitted to him by the subassistant commissioners and other subordinate staff officers provided the basis for reports to the Commissioner concerning Bureau activities in Texas. The Assistant Commissioner also corresponded with Bureau officials in other states, Army officers attached to the military commands in Texas, state officials and white citizens, and freedmen and other non–Bureau personnel. The letters varied in nature from complaints and reports of conditions to applications for jobs in the Bureau. Because the Assistant Adjutant General (or Acting Assistant Adjutant General) handled much of the mail for the Assistant Commissioner's office, outgoing letters often bore his signature and incoming communications were frequently addressed to him instead of the Assistant Commissioner.

The correspondence of the Assistant Commissioner was handled in accordance with typical 19th–century recordkeeping practices. Fair copies of outgoing letters were transcribed in letter books. Replies to incoming letters were frequently written on the letters themselves or on specially prepared wrappers. The replies, known as endorsements, were then copied into endorsement books, and the endorsed letter was returned to the sender or forwarded to another office. Endorsement books usually included a summary of the incoming letter and sometimes previous endorsements that were recorded on it. Incoming correspondence was frequently entered in registers of letters received. In addition to a summary of the contents of the incoming letters, the registers usually included such identifying information as the name and sometimes the office of the writer, the date of receipt, the date of the communication, the place of origin, and the entry number assigned at the time of receipt. The registered letters were folded for filing, generally in three segments, and the information recorded in the registers was transcribed on the outside flap of the letters.

The letters and endorsements sent, registers of letters received, and registered letters received, which are reproduced in this publication, are cross–referenced to each other by the use of various symbols. Letters sent are designated L. S. or L. B. followed by the page and sometimes the volume number. Endorsement books are variously designated E. B., E. M. B., E. & M., and E. & M. B. Registers of letters received are referenced as L. R. or R. L. R. followed by the appropriate file number and sometimes the volume number, or simply by the file number. Frequently the letter itself can be located among the series of registered letters received. Letters sent and endorsements are also cross–referenced to the previous and subsequent entries in their respective series by the use of a fractional symbol. The numerator denotes the previous letter to or endorsement by a particular individual and the denominator refers to the subsequent one. The symbols generally appear in the left margins of the pages, but sometimes within the space allotted for the entry.

The Assistant Commissioner utilized various types of issuances to convey information to staff and subordinate officers. General orders and circulars or circular letters related matters of general interest, including the implementation of Bureau policies throughout the state, duties of subordinate personnel, administrative procedures to be followed, relevant acts of Congress or issuances from Bureau headquarters in Washington, and the appointment or relief of staff officers. Special orders were used to communicate information of less general interest, such as duty assignments of individual field officers.

The letters sent, endorsements, registers of letters received, and issuances all have name indexes in the front of the volumes. These finding aids provide references mainly to personal names but also include a few other citations to places, groups, and titles of organizations.

The volumes reproduced in this publication were originally arranged by type of record and thereunder by volume number. Originally no numbers were assigned to series consisting of single volumes; later all volumes were arbitrarily assigned numbers by the Adjutant General's Office of the War Department after the records passed into its custody. In this microfilm publication the set of numbers last assigned are in parentheses and are useful as an aid in identifying the volumes. In some volumes, particularly in indexes and alphabetical headings of registers, there are a number of blank numbered pages that have not been filmed.
Related Materials:
See also Freedmen's Bureau Digital Collection
Provenance:
Acquired from FamilySearch International in 2015.
Restrictions:
Freedmen's Bureau Digital Collection, 1865–1872, is a product of and owned by the National Museum of African American History and Culture, Smithsonian Institution. Copyright for digital images is retained by the donor, FamilySearch International; permission for commercial use of the digital images may be requested from FamilySearch International, Intellectual Property Office, at: cor-intellectualproperty@ldschurch.org.
Topic:
American South  Search this
Freedmen's Bureau  Search this
Reconstruction, U.S. history, 1865-1877  Search this
Slaves -- Emancipation  Search this
Citation:
Courtesy of the U. S. National Archives and Records Administration, FamilySearch International, and the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture.
Identifier:
NMAAHC.FB.M821
See more items in:
Records of the Assistant Commissioner for the State of Texas Bureau of Refugees, Freedmen, and Abandoned Lands, 1865–1869
Archival Repository:
National Museum of African American History and Culture
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/io34d7aea38-8b72-4c64-b7ce-259db86c8d1e
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmaahc-fb-m821
Online Media:

Emancipated Slaves, White and Colored

Artist:
Unidentified Artist  Search this
Copy after:
Myron H. Kimball, active 1850s - 1860s  Search this
Sitter:
Wilson Chinn, c. 1803 - after 1864  Search this
Charles Taylor, c. 1855 - ?  Search this
Augusta Broujey, c. 1854 - ?  Search this
Mary Johnson, active 1863  Search this
Isaac White, c. 1836 - ?  Search this
Rebecca Huger, c. 1852 - ?  Search this
Robert Whitehead, active 1863  Search this
Rosina Downs, 1865 - ?  Search this
Medium:
Wood engraving on paper
Dimensions:
Image: 24.2 × 36.3 cm (9 1/2 × 14 5/16")
Sheet: 28.2 × 39.9 cm (11 1/8 × 15 11/16")
Type:
Print
Place:
United States\New York\Kings\New York
Date:
1863
Topic:
Interior  Search this
Architecture\Window  Search this
Costume\Dress Accessory\Handkerchief  Search this
Print  Search this
Personal Attribute\Tattoo  Search this
Wilson Chinn: Male  Search this
Wilson Chinn: Society and Social Change\Enslaved person  Search this
Mary Johnson: Female  Search this
Mary Johnson: Society and Social Change\Enslaved person  Search this
Robert Whitehead: Society and Social Change\Enslaved person  Search this
Charles Taylor: Male  Search this
Charles Taylor: Society and Social Change\Enslaved person  Search this
Augusta Broujey: Female  Search this
Augusta Broujey: Society and Social Change\Enslaved person  Search this
Rebecca Huger: Female  Search this
Rosina Downs: Female  Search this
Rosina Downs: Society and Social Change\Enslaved person  Search this
Isaac White: Male  Search this
Isaac White: Society and Social Change\Enslaved person  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution
Object number:
NPG.2022.122
Restrictions & Rights:
CC0
See more items in:
National Portrait Gallery Collection
Data Source:
National Portrait Gallery
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm406fb31e5-be77-4cb7-a477-0216812f899b
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_NPG.2022.122

"Emancipated Slaves in 19th Century American Visual Culture" Roger Williams University (Oct. 30, 2013)

Collection Creator:
Hills, Patricia  Search this
Container:
Box 38, Folder 40
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
circa 2013
Collection Restrictions:
This collection is temporarily closed to researchers due to archival processing. Contact Reference Services for more information.
Collection Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Writings by Patricia Hills: The donor has retained all intellectual rights, including copyright, that she may own.
Collection Citation:
Patricia Hills Papers, circa 1900-2022, bulk 1968-2009. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
See more items in:
Patricia Hills papers
Patricia Hills papers / Series 8: Writings / 8.3: Talks, Not Published
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Art
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/mw9d29fd4d1-a37a-4ab4-849e-b11eb48471dd
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aaa-hillspat-ref1178

"Emancipated Slaves in 1860s Visual Culture" National Academy Museum (Nov. 20, 2013)

Collection Creator:
Hills, Patricia  Search this
Container:
Box 38, Folder 42
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
circa 2012-2013
Collection Restrictions:
This collection is temporarily closed to researchers due to archival processing. Contact Reference Services for more information.
Collection Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Writings by Patricia Hills: The donor has retained all intellectual rights, including copyright, that she may own.
Collection Citation:
Patricia Hills Papers, circa 1900-2022, bulk 1968-2009. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
See more items in:
Patricia Hills papers
Patricia Hills papers / Series 8: Writings / 8.3: Talks, Not Published
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Art
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/mw958723e0f-8a72-4456-a573-499bc83ee5b2
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aaa-hillspat-ref1180

The freedmen's book

Author:
Child, Lydia Maria 1802-1880,  Search this
Physical description:
vi, 277 pages 21 cm
Type:
Biography
Biographies
Date:
1968
1865
Topic:
African Americans  Search this
Freed persons  Search this
Noirs américains  Search this
Personnes affranchies  Search this
African American  Search this
Call number:
E185.86 .C53 1968
E185.86.C53 1968
Data Source:
Smithsonian Libraries
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:siris_sil_20591

Joshua Johnson manumission record, 1782 July 15

Creator:
Johnson, Joshua, fl. 1796-1824  Search this
Citation:
Joshua Johnson manumission record, 1782 July 15. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Topic:
Slaves -- Emancipation -- Maryland -- Baltimore  Search this
African American artists  Search this
Theme:
African American  Search this
Lives of artists  Search this
Record number:
(DSI-AAA_CollID)6684
(DSI-AAA_SIRISBib)216009
AAA_collcode_johnjosh
Theme:
African American
Lives of artists
Data Source:
Archives of American Art
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:AAADCD_coll_216009

Joshua Johnson manumission record

Creator:
Johnson, Joshua, fl. 1796-1824  Search this
Extent:
1 Microfilm reel (4 pages)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Microfilm reels
Date:
1782 July 15
Scope and Contents:
This microfilm collection documents African American artist Joshua Johnson's formal emancipation from slavery on July 15, 1782. The manumission is recorded in pages 298-300 of a volume of Baltimore County Chattel Records, 1773-1788.
Biographical / Historical:
Joshua Johnson, or Johsnston (circa 1765-circa 1830) was an African American portraitist in Baltimore, Maryland. Johnson was the son of a white man and an enslaved woman and was sold to his father, who acknowledged him as his son and agreed to free him when Johnson either completed an apprenticeship with a blacksmith or turned 21, whichever came first. Johnson was listed in Baltimore City directories as a painter or limner beginning in 1796. He is the first documented African American professional artist.
Provenance:
Lent for microfilming 1996 by the Maryland Historical Society.
Restrictions:
The Archives of American art does not own the original papers. Use is limited to the microfilm copy.
Occupation:
Painters -- Maryland -- Baltimore  Search this
Topic:
Slaves -- Emancipation -- Maryland -- Baltimore  Search this
African American artists  Search this
Identifier:
AAA.johnjosh
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Art
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/mw991c59b52-3256-4b74-bb24-1d46bb2f0635
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-aaa-johnjosh

Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of African American Sacred Music

Consultant:
Richardson, Deborra  Search this
Collector:
Reagon, Bernice Johnson, 1942-  Search this
Names:
Chick Webb Orchestra  Search this
Hampton University Choir  Search this
Harmonizing Four  Search this
Jubilee Singers  Search this
Dett, Nathaniel  Search this
Dorsey, Thomas A.  Search this
Ellington, Duke, 1899-1974  Search this
Tharpe, Rosetta  Search this
Tindley, Charles  Search this
Extent:
6.55 Cubic feet (17 boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Date:
circa 1822-1994
Summary:
The collection documents the customs and culture of black gospel song and its performance in 19th- and 20th-century America. Dr. Reagon collected photographs, sheet music, and other primary and secondary sources chronicling the development and legacy of this medium, from the Civil War to the Civil Rights movement, from blues to Gospel to classical to jazz.

Among the subjects included in this collection are trailblazers such as Charles Tindley, Thomas A. Dorsey, Rosetta Tharpe, Duke Ellington, and Nathaniel Dett. Noted performers are the Fisk Jubilee Singers, the Harmonizing Four, the Hampton University Choir, and the Chick Webb Orchestra.
Scope and Contents:
The Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of the African American Sacred Music Tradition documents the music, and the society, history, and customs from which it emerged. The materials were collected by Dr. Reagon during her tenure as Director of the Program in Black American Culture, Curator, and Curator Emerita at the National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution (1977-1997). The records span the nineteenth century and greater part of the twentieth century. The collection is important because it allows an understanding of the interconnectivity of African American musical forms. Gospel, Jazz, and Protest Songs document the African experience in America through verse and melody. Dr. Reagon collected photographs, sheet music and other primary and secondary sources chronicling the development of African American sacred music tradition from its birth during the period of slavery through the creation of concert spiritual, gospel music, jazz and the performance of protest song in the century following Emancipation.

The records, which measure approximately six linear feet, contain photographs, sheet music, and what Dr. Reagon calls "cultural files" pertaining to figures in, types of, and history of African American music. The cultural file material formats include book, news and magazine articles, programs, bio-sketches, and music. Information about personalities such as Marian Anderson, La Verne Baker, Dorothy Love Coates, Nathaniel Dett, Thomas Dorsey, Frederick Douglass, Duke Ellington, and the Golden Gate Quartet are contained among the collection materials. Also, there are items on gospel trailblazers such as Charles Tindley, Thomas A. Dorsey, and Rosetta Tharpe. In addition, the collection features materials connected to historians and other scholars who participated in a number of teams Reagon organized to carry out specific research initiatives in sacred music traditions and the larger African American experience.

The collection, which was arranged by Dr. Reagon and staff, consists of four parts: a cultural file, a sheet music file, a photography file, and a negative file. The cultural file includes primary documents such as programs from historic performances, personal letters, press releases, and programs from scholarly conferences as well as secondary materials such as journal articles, excerpts from books, and biographical notes. The photography (and negative) files contain photographs of performers and scholars who have participated in the evolution of the African American sacred music tradition. The sheet music file encompasses songbooks and individual pieces of music.

Series 1: Cultural Files, ca. 1836 - 1994: The bulk of materials date from the 1920's to the 1960's. Four document boxes of materials which relate to prominent personalities, groups and events that contributed to the popularization of African American sacred music. Also included in this series is information on slave songs, the Civil War, the Black Church, the Civil Rights Movement, and popular music culture.

Series 2: Sheet Music, ca. 1901 - 1993: The bulk of materials date from the 1900's to the 1950's. Three document boxes of sacred music sheets and songbooks including concert, spiritual, and gospel arrangements. Also included are a few popular compositions, some written by classically trained musicians.

Series 3: Negative Files, ca. 1880's - 1993: The bulk of the materials ranges from 1940 to 1965. Two boxes document boxes of photographic negatives depicting gospel music performers and performances. Included .are contact sheets and individual negatives of varying sizes.

Series 4: Photographs and Illustrations, ca. 1822 - 1993: The bulk of materials range from the 1900's to the 1980's. Eight document boxes of photographs featuring gospel performers, performances, sacred rituals, sacred organizations, Civil Rights activity , and gospel music conferences (primarily black and white).
Biographical / Historical:
Bernice Johnson Reagon, noted vocalist, musician, curator, historian, writer and civil rights activist, provided the impetus for the Smithsonian Institution's research into African American sacred song and music traditions from 1977 until ca. 1997.

Dr. Reagon was born October 2, 1942 to a rural Georgia Baptist minister (Jesse Johnson) and his wife (Beatrice Wise) whose religious influence is evident in her research and performance style. She came of age during the 1960's Civil Rights era, and was a Student Non-violent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) Freedom Singer. The SNCC Freedom Singers were an African American group whose vocal singing style was an integral element in the civil rights struggles. The Singers traveled throughout the country performing protest songs such as "We Shall Not Be Moved" and "This Little Light of Mine". Their songs reflected the Black church theology of the era, emphasizing freedom, long denied, but fervently sought by civil rights activists and the people they represented.

At one march, Reagon was jailed along with hundreds of other demonstrators. This experience taught her the importance of music as a political act. Reagon reflected on this in the book We Who Believe in Freedom: Sweet Honey in the Rock... She founded Sweet Honey in the Rock, a highly regarded female a capella ensemble dedicated to performing traditional music of the African diaspora in 1973, started working full time at the Smithsonian Institution in 1974, and earned a Ph. D. from Howard University in 1975.

Reagon's life has combined political activism with music and cultural history. She began directing the Smithsonian's Program in Black American Culture in 1976. In 1988 she became a curator at the National Museum of American History and after retirement in 1993 continued her work in African American songs of protest and sacred traditions as a curator emeritus at the Smithsonian and a distinguished professor at American University.

Dr. Reagon has authored and edited numerous publications including, We'll Understand It Better By and By: African American Pioneering Gospel Composers, (Smithsonian Press, 1992) and We Who Believe in Freedom: Sweet Honey in the Rock...Still on the Journey (Anchor Books, 1993). She was principal scholar, producer and host of the National Public Radio series "Wade in the Water: African American Sacred Music Traditions (1994). Dr. Reagon has served as consultant composer and performer for several film and video projects including programs for PBS,"Eye on the Prize" (Blackside Productions) and "We Shall Overcome" (Ginger Productions), and has won a number of awards for her scholarship and pioneering work (MacArthur Fellowship, 1989; the Charles Frankel Prize,1995 and the Isadora Duncan award, 1996).
Provenance:
Collection donated by Bernice Johnson Reagon.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Gospel music  Search this
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0653
See more items in:
Bernice Johnson Reagon Collection of African American Sacred Music
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8bbe93fc4-7c52-4442-bc61-ecb16e21a0b2
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0653
Online Media:

The Emancipated Slave, (sculpture)

Title:
Freedman, (sculpture)
Sculptor:
Ward, John Quincy Adams 1830-1910  Search this
Medium:
Bronze
Culture:
African American  Search this
Type:
Sculptures
Owner/Location:
Cincinnati Art Museum Eden Park Cincinnati Ohio 45202-1596 Accession Number: 1921.502
Date:
1863
Topic:
Figure male--Full length  Search this
State of Being--Other--Enslaved  Search this
Ethnic  Search this
History--United States--Black History  Search this
Allegory--Civic--Liberty  Search this
Control number:
IAS 75006621
Data Source:
Art Inventories Catalog, Smithsonian American Art Museums
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:siris_ari_13881

Emancipation Monument, (sculpture)

Title:
Lincoln Emancipation, (sculpture)
Freedom's Memorial, (sculpture)
Sculptor:
Ball, Thomas 1819-1911  Search this
Architect:
Babcock, O. E.  Search this
Founder:
Royal Foundry  Search this
Subject:
Lincoln, Abraham  Search this
Archer, Alexander  Search this
Medium:
Sculpture: bronze; Base: granite with bronze plaques
Culture:
African American  Search this
Type:
Sculptures-Outdoor Sculpture
Sculptures
Owner/Location:
Administered by United States Department of the Interior National Park Service Washington District of Columbia
Located Lincoln Park East Capitol & 11th Streets, N.E Washington District of Columbia
Date:
Modeled 1874. Cast 1875. Dedicated April 14, 1876
Topic:
Portrait male--Full length  Search this
Occupation--Political--President  Search this
Occupation--Law--Lawyer  Search this
Figure male--Full length  Search this
State of Being--Other--Enslaved  Search this
History--United States--Black History  Search this
History--United States--Emancipation Proclamation  Search this
Ethnic  Search this
Control number:
IAS 76004862
Data Source:
Art Inventories Catalog, Smithsonian American Art Museums
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:siris_ari_15809

Emancipation Group, (sculpture)

Sculptor:
Ball, Thomas 1819-1911  Search this
Founder:
Royal Foundry  Search this
Subject:
Lincoln, Abraham  Search this
Washington, George  Search this
Medium:
Sculpture: bronze; Base: granite
Culture:
African American  Search this
Type:
Sculptures-Outdoor Sculpture
Sculptures
Owner/Location:
Administered by City of Boston Office of Cultural Affairs Boston City Hall, Room 716 Boston Massachusetts 02201
Located Park Square Boston Massachusetts
Date:
Modeled 1874. Cast 1877 or 1879
Topic:
Portrait male--Full length  Search this
Occupation--Political--President  Search this
Occupation--Law--Lawyer  Search this
Figure male--Full length  Search this
Ethnic  Search this
State of Being--Other--Enslaved  Search this
Portrait male  Search this
History--United States--Civil War  Search this
History--United States--Black History  Search this
Control number:
IAS 76008840
Data Source:
Art Inventories Catalog, Smithsonian American Art Museums
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:siris_ari_19571

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