Search results for: +Sermons, page 1 | Collections Search Center, Smithsonian Institution

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Creek Hymnal Singing

Creator:: National Museum of the American Indian Search this

Type:: YouTube Videos

Uploaded:: 2012-11-16T21:15:59.000Z

YouTube Category:: Education Search this

Topic:: Native Americans;American Indians Search this

See more by:: SmithsonianNMAI

Data Source:: National Museum of the American Indian

YouTube Channel:: SmithsonianNMAI

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:yt_1bE2l8Xdglk

Creek Hymnal Singing

Creator:: National Museum of the American Indian Search this

Type:: YouTube Videos

Uploaded:: 2012-11-16T18:32:49.000Z

YouTube Category:: Education Search this

Topic:: Native Americans;American Indians Search this

See more by:: SmithsonianNMAI

Data Source:: National Museum of the American Indian

YouTube Channel:: SmithsonianNMAI

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:yt_Fi0Pt_DyIgU

Henry Romeike Clipping Scrapbook

Creator:: Romeike, Henry, 1855-1903 Search this

Extent:: 0.5 Cubic feet (1 box)

Type:: Collection descriptions; Archival materials; Scrapbooks; Clippings

Date:: 1856-1916

Summary:: Collection consists of one scrapbook of clippings documenting events covered in British and American newspapers from 1856-1916.

Scope and Contents:: The clippings (apparently collected by the Romeike service) cover a wide range of subjects and are taken from British and United States newspapers. The clippings include straight news stories; 1856 elections in California, sports stories on rowing and baseball, a report on the number of foreign warships in Chinese waters. There are also "feature" stories such as tourism by Americans in England (1874), iron and steel use in gun barrels, a description of a contempory comet (date unstated) and a general discussion of the nature of comets. Sermons, poems and long letters (California Correspondence") published in 1856 are also included.

Biographical / Historical:: Henry Romeike (1855-1903) was born in Riga, Hatvia, was educated in Prussia and founded the press clipping service industry in London. In 1887 he came to the United States and became head of a clipping service that bore his name. Henry Romeike, Incorporated of New York advertised itself as "the first established and most complete newspaper cutting bureau in the world".

Provenance:: Immediate source of acquisition unknown.

Restrictions:: Collection is open for research.

Rights:: Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Genre/Form:: Scrapbooks; Clippings

Citation:: Henry Romeike Clipping Scrapbook, 1856-1916, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Identifier:: NMAH.AC.0338

See more items in:: Henry Romeike Clipping Scrapbook

Archival Repository:: Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:: https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8462d46fb-3387-49e8-bf1a-1689fee51737

EDAN-URL:: ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0338

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No Image Available

I, Destini

Title:: Apple ProRes file and Digital Cinema Package (DCP)

Directed by:: Nicholas Pilarski, American Search this; Destini T. Riley, American Search this

Produced by:: Nicholas Pilarski, American Search this; Destini T. Riley, American Search this; Lattina Lennon Riley, American Search this; Sarah M. Bassett, American Search this

Subject of:: Carlos Riley Jr., American Search this; Destini T. Riley, American Search this; Carlos Riley, American Search this; Lattina Lennon Riley, American Search this; Patricia Riley, American Search this; LeDarius Riley, American Search this

Medium:: digital

Dimensions:: Duration: 13 min., 41 sec.; File size: 1.93 GB

Type:: digital media - born digital; sound films; color films (visual works); short subjects

Place filmed:: North Carolina, United States, North and Central America

Date:: 2016

Topic:: African American Search this; Activism Search this; Animated films Search this; Animation Search this; Families Search this; Film Search this; Independent films Search this; Journalism Search this; Justice Search this; Mass media Search this; Nature Search this; Police brutality Search this; Prisons Search this; Race relations Search this; Stereotypes Search this; Youth Search this

Credit Line:: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Destini T. Riley, Nicholas Pilarski, Lattina Lennon Riley, Sarah M. Bassett, Kathleen Lingo and The New York Times Company

Object number:: 2018.94.1.1

Restrictions & Rights:: © Destini T. Riley, Nicholas Pilarski, Lattina Lennon Riley, Sarah M. Bassett, The New York Times Company; Permission required for use. Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.

See more items in:: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Collection title:: I, Destini Film Collection

Classification:: Media Arts-Film and Video

Data Source:: National Museum of African American History and Culture

GUID:: http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5534dff72-e153-44b7-9858-a6c670080ba6

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:nmaahc_2018.94.1.1

No Image Available

Lapworth -- Packwood House

Former owner:: Featherstone family Search this; Ash, G. Baron Search this

Collection Creator:: Garden Club of America Search this

Type:: Archival materials

Place:: Packwood House (Lapworth, Warwickshire, England); United Kingdom -- England -- Warwickshire -- Lapworth

Scope and Contents:: The folder includes worksheets, photocopied book excerpts, and additional information about the house and garden.

General:: Packwood House is a timber-framed Tudor manor house initially constructed between 1556 and 1560, which has undergone considerable restoration and modification, especially by former 20th century owner G. Baron Ash. Donated to the National Trust (Great Britain) in 1941, the property is noted especially for its Yew Garden, containing over 100 trees. Originally laid out in the mid-17th century by John Fetherston (the Fetherston/Fetherstone family occupied the house from its construction until 1876), the clipped yews are supposed to represent the Biblical "Sermon on the Mount." Twelve large specimens are known as "The Apostles," while four others are "The Evangelists." A hummock called "The Mount" is topped by a single yew known as "The Master." Smaller yews called "The Multitude" were planted in the 19th century to replace an orchard.; Packwood House was visited during the Garden Club of America's June 1929 tour to England. A complete copy of the GCA tour itinerary was printed in the Bulletin of the Garden Club of America (Fourth Series, No. 5), September 1929, pp. 6-25.; Persons associated with the property include the Fetherstone family (former owners, 1556-1876) and G. Baron Ash (former owner, 1925-1941).

Related Materials:: Packwood House related holdings consist of 1 folder (6 lantern slides)

Collection Restrictions:: Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Rights:: Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Topic:: Gardens -- England -- Warwickshire -- Lapworth Search this

Collection Citation:: Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.

Sponsor:: A project to describe images in this finding aid received Federal support from the Smithsonian Collections Care Initiative, administered by the National Collections Program.

Identifier:: AAG.GCA, File ENG032

See more items in:: The Garden Club of America collection; The Garden Club of America collection / Series 2: International Garden Images / United Kingdom -- England

Archival Repository:: Archives of American Gardens

GUID:: https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb63d082a92-7245-4a03-a7d1-b07493dbc8f9

EDAN-URL:: ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref4472

1847 Rev. Nadal's "Baltimore Album" Quilt

Referenced:: Nadal, Bernard H. Search this

Quilter:: unknown Search this

Physical Description:: fabric, cotton (overall material); thread, cotton, silk, wool (overall material)

Measurements:: overall: 105 in x 105 in; 267 cm x 267 cm

Object Name:: quilt

Object Type:: quilts

Date made:: 1847

Subject:: Baskets Search this; Quilting Search this; Chronology: 1840-1849 Search this

Credit Line:: Miss Constance R. Dawson

ID Number:: 1983.0866.01

Catalog number:: 1983.0866.01

Accession number:: 1983.0866

See more items in:: Home and Community Life: Textiles; Domestic Furnishings; Textiles; Quilts

Data Source:: National Museum of American History

GUID:: http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a3-c21b-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:nmah_556185

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No Image Available

Folktales of Mexico Edited and translated by Américo Paredes. Foreword by Richard M. Dorson

Comp:: Paredes, Américo 1915-1999 Search this

Physical description:: lxxxiii, 282 p 23 cm

Type:: Books

Place:: Mexico; Mexique

Date:: 1970

Topic:: Tales Search this; Folklore Search this; Contes Search this

Call number:: GR115.P36X

Data Source:: Smithsonian Libraries

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:siris_sil_7011

MS 1669 Two sermons in the Aztec Indian language

Author:: Puebla, De Rodrigues ? Search this

Extent:: 18 Pages

Culture:: Aztec (archaeological culture) Search this

Type:: Collection descriptions; Archival materials; Pages

Date:: undated

Local Numbers:: NAA MS 1669

Topic:: Language and languages -- Documentation Search this

Citation:: Manuscript 1669, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:: NAA.MS1669

Archival Repository:: National Anthropological Archives

GUID:: https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3d682e646-b58f-46f6-a5f5-c7f4747087f9

EDAN-URL:: ead_collection:sova-naa-ms1669

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MS 4800 James O. Dorsey papers

Creator:: Dorsey, James Owen, 1848-1895 Search this

Names:: Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of American Ethnology Search this; Bushotter, George, 1864-1892 Search this; Gatschet, Albert S. (Albert Samuel), 1832-1907 Search this; Hewitt, J. N. B. (John Napoleon Brinton), 1859-1937 Search this; Mooney, James, 1861-1921 Search this; Powell, John Wesley, 1834-1902 Search this; Riggs, Stephen Return, 1812-1883 Search this

Extent:: 30 Linear feet (70 boxes, 1 oversized box, 20 manuscript envelopes, 4 rolled maps, and 23 map folders)

Culture:: Indians of North America -- Subarctic Search this; Athapascan Indians Search this; Catawba Indians Search this; Minitari (Hidatsa) Search this; Numakiki (Mandan) Search this; Biloxi Indians Search this; Tutelo Search this; Iowa Search this; Chiwere Search this; Ho-Chunk (Winnebago) Search this; Oto Search this; Quapaw Indians Search this; Osage Search this; Sioux Search this; Lakota (Teton/Western Sioux) Search this; Dhegiha Indians Search this; Assiniboine (Stoney) Search this; Ponca Search this; Omaha Search this; Tututni (Tutuni) Search this; Kaw (Kansa) Search this; Siletz Search this; Coos (Kusan) Search this; Yaquina (Yakwina) Search this; Arctic peoples Search this; Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America Search this; Indians of North America -- Great Plains Search this; Indians of North America -- Southeast Search this; Takelma (Rogue River Indians) Search this; Klikitat Search this; Chasta Costa (Chastacosta) Search this

Type:: Collection descriptions; Archival materials; Field notes; Drawings; Vocabulary; Folklore; Sermons; Manuscripts; Obituaries; Correspondence; Newspaper clippings

Place:: Siletz Indian Reservation (Or.)

Date:: circa 1870-1956; bulk 1870-1895

Summary:: Reverend James Owen Dorsey (1848-1895) was a missionary and Bureau of American Ethnology ethnologist who conducted extensive research on Siouan tribes and languages.The papers of James Owen Dorsey comprise mostly ethnographic and linguistic materials on various tribes of the Siouan language family as well as tribes from Siletz Reservation in Oregon. These materials include texts and letters with interlineal translations; grammar notes; dictionaries; drawings; and his manuscripts. In addition, the collection contains Dorsey's correspondence, newspaper clippings, his obituaries, and reprints.

Scope and Contents:: This collection contains James O. Dorsey's research and writings as a BAE ethnologist, as well as his earlier work as a missionary among the Ponca. The vast majority of the collection pertains to his research on Siouan-Catawban languages, including the Dakota and Dhegiha languages, Chiwere, Winnebago, Mandan, Hidatsa, Tutelo, Biloxi, and Catawba. His research on Athapascan, Kusan, Takilman, and Yakonan languages from his field work at Siletz Reservation are also present, as well as some notes on the Caddoan languages. Dorsey's research files include linguistic and ethnological field notes, reading notes, stories and myths, vocabularies, drawings, and unpublished and published manuscripts. The collection also contains Omaha, Ponca, Quapaw, and Biloxi dictionaries that he compiled and materials relating to his work editing Steven Riggs' Dakota-English Dictionary. Additional noteworthy materials in the collection are Teton texts and drawings from George Bushotter and drawings by Stephen Stubbs (Kansa), Pahaule-gagli (Kansa), and George Miller (Omaha). The collection also contains Dorsey's correspondence, newspaper clippings, obituaries, and his collection of reprints.

Arrangement:: The collection is organized into 6 series: 1) Siouan; 2) Siletz Reservation; 3) Caddoan; 4) General Correspondence; 5) Personal Papers; 6) Miscellaneous & Reprints.

Biographical Note:: Reverend James Owen Dorsey (1848-1895) was a missionary and Bureau of American Ethnology ethnologist who conducted extensive research on Siouan tribes and languages.

Dorsey was born on October 31, 1848 in Baltimore, Maryland. He exhibited a talent for languages at an early age. At age 6 he learned the Hebrew alphabet and was able to read the language at age 10. In 1867 Dorsey attended the Theological Seminary of Virginia and was ordained a deacon of the Protestant Episcopal Church in 1871. In May of that year, Dorsey traveled to the Dakota Territory to serve as a missionary among the Ponca. Plagued by ill health, Dorsey was forced to end his missionary work in August 1873. By that time, however, he had learned the Ponca language well enough to converse with members of the tribe without an interpreter.

Dorsey returned to Maryland and engaged in parish work while continuing his studies of Siouan languages. His linguistic talents and knowledge of these languages attracted the attention of Major John Wesley Powell. Powell arranged for Dorsey to work among the Omaha in Nebraska from 1878 to 1880 to collect linguistic and ethnological notes. When the Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE) was established in 1879, Powell recruited Dorsey to join the staff.

As an ethnologist for the BAE, Dorsey continued his research on Siouan tribes. His studies focused on languages but also included Siouan personal names, folklore, social organization, religion, beliefs, and customs. He conducted fieldwork among the Tutelo at Six Nations on Grand River in Upper Canada (1882); the Kansa, Osage, and Quapaw in Indian Territory (1883-1884); the Biloxi at Lecompte, Rapides Parish, Louisiana (1892); and again with the Quapaw at the Quapaw Mission (1894). He also worked with Native Americans that visited DC, including George Bushotter (Teton), Philip Longtail (Winnebago), Samuel Fremont (Omaha), and Little Standing Buffalo (Ponca). He also spent time at Siletz Reservation in 1884 to collect linguistic notes on the Athapascan, Kusan, Takilman, and Yakonan stocks.

In addition to his research, Dorsey helped found the American Folklore Society and served as the first vice-president of the association. He also served as vice-president of Section H of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

At the age of 47, Dorsey died of typhoid fever on February 4, 1895.

Sources Consulted

1st-16th Annual Reports of the Bureau of American Ethnology. 1881-1897.

Hewitt, J.N.B. 1895. "James Owen Dorsey" American Anthropologist A8, 180-183.

McGee, W.J. 1895. "In Memoriam." Journal of American Folklore 8(28): 79-80.

1848 -- Born on October 31 in Baltimore, Maryland.

1871 -- Ordained a deacon of the Protestant Episcopal Church.

1871-1873 -- Served as a missionary among the Ponca in Dakota Territory.

1878-1880 -- Conducted fieldwork among the Omaha in Nebraska.

1879 -- Joined the staff of the Bureau of American Ethnology.

1882 -- Conducted fieldwork among the Tutelo at Six Nations on Grand River in Upper Canada.

1883-1884 -- Conducted fieldwork among the Kansa, Osage, and Quapaw in Indian Territory.

1887 -- Worked with George Bushotter to record information regarding the language and culture of the Dakota.

1884 -- Conducted fieldwork at Siletz Reservation.

1892 -- Conducted fieldwork among the Biloxi at Lecompte, Rapides Parish, Louisiana.

1894 -- Conducted fieldwork among the Quapaw at the Quapaw Mission in Indian Territory.

1895 -- Died of typhoid fever on February 4th at the age of 47.

Restrictions:: The James O. Dorsey Papers are open for research. Access to the James O. Dorsey Papers requires an appointment

Rights:: Contact the repository for terms of use.

Topic:: Language and languages -- Documentation Search this; Ethnology Search this; Indians of North America -- Northeast Search this; Social structure Search this; Kinship Search this; Manners and customs Search this; Shahaptian languages Search this; Yakonan languages Search this; Athapascan languages Search this; Kusan languages Search this; Linguistics Search this; Siouan languages Search this; Dhegiha language Search this; Siuslaw Indians Search this; Hidatsa language Search this; Omaha language Search this; Dakota language Search this; Catawba language Search this; Biloxi language Search this; Caddoan languages Search this; Osage language Search this; Alsea language Search this; Kansa language Search this; Mandan language Search this; Chastacosta language Search this; Coquille language Search this; Tutelo language Search this; Winnebago language Search this; Siuslaw language Search this; Takelma language Search this

Genre/Form:: Field notes; Drawings; Vocabulary; Folklore; Sermons; Manuscripts; Obituaries; Correspondence; Newspaper clippings

Citation:: Manuscript 4800 James O. Dorsey papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Sponsor:: Creation of this finding aid was funded through support from the Arcadia Fund. Digitization and preparation of additional materials for online access has been funded also by the National Science Foundation under BCS Grant No. 1561167 and the Recovering Voices initiative at the Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History.

Identifier:: NAA.MS4800

See more items in:: MS 4800 James O. Dorsey papers

Archival Repository:: National Anthropological Archives

GUID:: https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3261ab492-5f9d-4be7-b1f4-c24d3f5da29b

EDAN-URL:: ead_collection:sova-naa-ms4800

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MS 2435 English-Alabama and Alabama-English dictionary

Creator:: Swanton, John Reed, 1873-1958 Search this; Sylestine, Harden Search this

Extent:: 5,400 Items (cards ); 4 Boxes

Culture:: Alibamu Search this; Coushatta (Koasati) Search this; Alabama Indians Search this

Type:: Collection descriptions; Archival materials; Dictionaries

Date:: 1906-1913

Scope and Contents:: Alabama-English, 2433 typed cards in 2 boxes; English-Alabama, approximately 3000 typed and autograph A. cards in 2 boxes. Includes terms written in pencil and marked "(K)," which may be terms in Koasati. Informants are Harden Sylestine and others.; Swanton's arrangement of the Alabama-English section is generally alphabetical, with many terms grouped together by stesm. The cards have been stamped with consecutive numbers 1-2433, and Swanton's order has been preserved. Cards that had been clipped together now have a second number, beginning with 1 for the first in a clipped group (e.g., if cards 25-27 were found clipped together, they would now be numbered 25-1, 26-2, 27-3).; The Alabama-English section (with sequentially numbered cards) contains utterances identifiable by a following number in parentheses. If the number does not begin with zero, apparently if refers to Swanton's page numbers in his rough field notes (M 4151 "second set"). Numbers beginning with zero seem to refer to the"first set," MS 4151-- Karen Lupardus, August 18, 1978.

Biographical / Historical:: The note by Swanton preceding Alabama-English section reads? "The material marked (H) was furnished by an Alabama Indian, Harden Sylestine, who translated in his own way. His translation is usually preserved lest a mistake be made in altering; the material is to be corrected later. This includes all of my Alabama material except 12 pages of text by native informants and a vocabulary which for the most part duplicates what has been given."

Local Numbers:: NAA MS 2435

Place:: Texas Polk County

Other Archival Materials:: Related Collection: Manuscript 4151; Related Collection: Manuscript 7360; Related Collection: Manuscript 7361

Topic:: Language and languages -- Documentation Search this; Indians of North America -- Southern states Search this

Genre/Form:: Dictionaries

Citation:: Manuscript 2435, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:: NAA.MS2435

Archival Repository:: National Anthropological Archives

GUID:: https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3a7cf5734-ebaa-4e0c-82f2-e8a0b15d0fe6

EDAN-URL:: ead_collection:sova-naa-ms2435

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William R. Hutton Papers

Creator:: Hutton, William R., 1826-1901 Search this

Extent:: 30 Cubic feet (33 boxes, 21 oversize folders)

Type:: Collection descriptions; Archival materials; Photographs; Letterpress copybooks; Blueprints; Diaries; Drawings; Cashbooks; Business records; Business letters; Notebooks; Topographic maps; Tax records; Technical drawings; Stock certificates; Technical literature; Photoengravings; Notes; Maps; Microfilms; Linen tracings; Letter books; Letters; Land titles; Legal documents; Sketches; Salted paper prints; Reports; Receipts; Plans (drawings); Photostats; Photographic prints; Architectural drawings; Administrative records; Albumen prints; Albums; Annual reports; Booklets; Account books; Books; Family papers; Financial records; Cyanotypes; Correspondence; Deeds; Printed material; Contracts; Photograph albums; Specifications; Christmas cards; Menus

Place:: France; Maryland; Chesapeake and Ohio Canal; Panama Canal (Panama); New Jersey; New York (N.Y.); Hudson River; Baltimore (Md.); Georgetown (Washington, D.C.); New York; Washington Bridge; New Croton Aqueduct; Kanawha River Canal; Washington Aqueduct; Potomac River -- 19th century; Washington Memorial Bridge; Hudson River Tunnel

Date:: 1830-1965

Summary:: The papers document the life and work of William R. Hutton, a civil engineer during the late 1800s to the early 1900s. Materials include diaries, notebooks, correspondence, letterpress copy book, printed materials, publications, specifications, photographs, drawings, and maps that document the construction of several architectural and engineering projects during this period. Most notable are the records containing information related to the construction of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, Hudson River Tunnel, the Washington Aqueduct, the Kanawha River Canal, and the Washington/Harlem River Bridge. There are also several records about railroads in the state of Maryland, the District of Columbia and elsewhere, including the Western Maryland Railroad, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Colorado Midlands Railway, Baltimore and Drum Point Railroad, the Northern Adirondack Railroad, and the Pittsfield and Williamstown Railroad. The records can be used to track the progression of these projects, and engineering innovation during the late 1800s to the early 1900s.

Scope and Contents:: These papers document William R. Hutton's professional career as a civil engineer and his personal affairs. Although the personal materials in the collection provide insight into a man and a family that have been largely forgotten by biographers, it is the professional materials that are perhaps the most interesting to researchers. They provide a compelling narrative of the push to the West that occurred in 19th century America and the internal improvements movement typified by the American System plan proposed by Henry Clay. Perhaps best remembered for the high tariffs that accompanied it, the American System plan was also concerned with the advancement of internal improvements, such as canals, that would unite the East and West in communication, travel, and trade. The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal can be seen as one of the products of this movement (1) and was in fact initially heralded as the first great work of national improvement (2).

The papers in this collection that are related to the construction and maintenance of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal are an invaluable documentation of efforts during this turbulent time to unite the eastern and western United States. They provide details of the canal from its initial construction to its decline with the incline at Georgetown project. The canal also serves as an example, or perhaps a warning against, federal involvement in state improvement efforts as it was the first project to be directly funded and staffed by the federal government (3). The groundbreaking ceremony was attended by then President John Quincy Adams whose toast, "to the canal: perseverance," (4) became an ironic omen, as construction of the canal took over twenty-two years to be completed. The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal materials can be used as a case study for the problems encountered during canal building (5). These problems are best typified in the collection by the papers relating to the Georgetown incline. This project was headed by Hutton and was plagued with construction problems, boating accidents, and obsolescence from the moment of its completion. Despite these issues, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal remains a structure of historical significance in America. As the third and last effort to construct an all-water route to the West (6), the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal is an important artifact of 19th century attitudes and efforts towards commerce, trade, travel, and communication between the eastern and western United States. Other significant canals and water structures represented in the collection are the Kanawha Canal, the Washington Aqueduct, and a large collection of materials relating to the Kingston Water Supply (New York).

One of the most significant internal improvements made during this time was the railroad. The legal conflicts that arose between the canal companies and railroads is also represented in the materials relating to the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. These materials specifically deal with the legal conflict's between the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The development and construction of the railroads is also represented in the materials documenting the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, the Baltimore and Drum Point Railroad, the Northern Adirondack Railroad, the Western Maryland Railroad, the Mexican National Railroad, the Colorado Midlands Railroad, and the Columbia Railroad.

The collection also demonstrates the spirit of innovation and invention that was prevalent in the engineering field in the nineteenth century. Joseph Gies writes, "...one of the distinctive characteristics of the great nineteenth century engineering adventurers was their readiness to gamble on the translation of theory into practice" (7). In this quote, he is speaking of the civil engineer Dewitt Clinton Haskins and a project that truly encapsulates engineering invention in the nineteenth century, the Hudson River Tunnel. Responding to the increase in the population of the City of New York in the late nineteenth century from sixty thousand to three and a half million, the Hudson River Tunnel was originally devised as a way to alleviate traffic and to transport train passengers directly across the Hudson River (8). Beginning with records dating from 1881 to 1901, the Hutton papers can be used to document not only the advances in engineering during this time but also the costs of progress. Haskins' initial efforts to build the tunnel using submerged air pressurized caissons were marked by failure and in some cases fatalities. Workers on the tunnel often suffered from what came to be known as "caisson disease" or "the bends," caused by the immense forces of compression and decompression experienced while working in the tunnels (9). This problem was so prevalent that as construction progressed the rate of worker deaths caused by "the bends" rose to twenty-five percent (10). Materials in the collection document worker complaints and deaths resulting from this disease as well as providing a technical record of the construction of the tunnel. The highlight of the materials relating to the Hudson River Tunnel is an album that contains photographs of workers in the tunnel and a detailed daily report of the construction progress on the tunnel that was maintained by Hutton's assistant, Walton Aims. The first hand account in these reports provides insight not only into the construction of the tunnel, but also the problems encountered.

Another project featured in the Hutton collection that was devised in response to the population explosion in the City of New York in the nineteenth century is the Harlem River Bridge, or as it is now known, the Washington Bridge. Known as one of the longest steel arch bridges of its time, the Harlem River Bridge also represents that spirit of invention and innovation that was prevalent in the civil engineering field during the nineteenth century. The collection provides an invaluable resource for those wishing to track the construction of the bridge from early concept drawings and proposals to finalized plans. Also present are photographs of the construction and workers. Societal response to the bridge in the form of newspaper and magazine clippings help to create the narrative of the Washington Bridge, and these are supplemented by correspondence from the builders, suppliers, and planners.

This collection also includes diaries, 1866-1901; letterpress copybooks, 1858-1901; correspondence on the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, Hudson River Tunnel, Washington Bridge over the Harlem River, and Maryland and Colorado railroads, 1861-1901, and on Hutton's financial and real estate affairs, 1835-1921; construction photographs of the Harlem River, Cairo, Poughkeepsie, Niagara bridges and the Hudson River Tunnel, Washington Aqueduct, and Capitol Dome (in the form of albumen, cyanotype, salted paper print); data and drawings; rolled land profile drawings; canal notes, 1828-1892; Hudson River Tunnel construction reports, 1889-1891; publications, drawings, and maps of railroad routes; pamphlets and reprints on hydraulic works and water supply; road, railway, bridge, and hydraulic construction specifications, 1870-1900; drawings (linen, oil cloth, and heavy drawing paper), and blueprints; account books, 1891-1899; and plans, drawings, field notebooks, and publications on American and European construction projects, especially in Maryland, New York, and France; personal correspondence detailing his role as executor for the estates of Benjamin H. Hutton, Joseph Hutton, Annie Theller, and the Countess H. De Moltke-Hvitfeldt and his relationships with his children, siblings, cousins, and colleagues, 1850-1942.

Materials are handwritten, typed, and printed.

Special note should be made that any materials dated after the year 1901 were added to the collection by another creator who is unidentified. It can be speculated that professional materials added after this date were contributed by his brother and colleague Nathanial Hutton or his son Frank Hutton. Personal materials contributed after this date may have been added by his wife, daughters, or other members of his extended family.

Series 1, Letterpress Copybooks, 1858-1901, consists of twenty seven letterpress copybooks containing correspondence between Hutton and other engineers, architects, and building suppliers. The letterpress copybooks in this series have been arranged chronologically. The books involve a process by which ink is transferred through direct contact with the original using moisture and pressure in a copy press. The majority of the correspondence is business- related. Some letterpress copybooks are devoted to specific projects such as the Washington/Harlem River Bridge, Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, Baltimore and Drum Point Railroad, Annapolis and Elk Ridge Railroad, and the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. The letterpress copybooks provide a record of correspondence written by Hutton, which makes it distinctive from the other correspondence in the collection. Most of the other correspondence has Hutton as recipient.

The letterpress copybooks also document Hutton's various residences throughout his life and provide a glimpse into the civil engineering profession at the time by demonstrating how engineers shared ideas and comments about projects. This can be supplemented with the printed materials in the collection as many of the authors also appear in the correspondence. Other topics covered in the letterpress copybooks include business reports (specifically the report of the president and directors of the Baltimore and Drum Point Railroad), records of people and companies involved in projects, pasted in engineering sketches, engineering specifications and notes, travel expenses and estimates, construction histories and progress, legal issues with family estates, tax information, Colorado Railroad, payment certificate schedules, St. Paul Railroad, personal correspondence, title guarantees, Hudson River Tunnel, financial matters, real estate matters, insurance information, sketches and drawings, supply lists, cost estimates, the Memorial Bridge, Coffin Valve Company, engineering expenses, engineering calculations, payroll notes for Kingston Water Supply, proposals, account information, Hutton Park, reservoirs, contract drafts, French Society of Civil Engineers, inspection results (specifically Piedmont Bridge), land descriptions, damage reports, Morse Bridge, Illinois Central Railroad, North Sea Canal, moveable dams, iron works, site histories, Potomac Lock and Dock Company, Kanawha River canal (lock quantities, specifications, payroll information), Pennsylvania Canal, and bills for services.

Series 2, Professional Correspondence, 1861-1901, consists of correspondence that relates to Hutton's architectural and engineering projects. This series is further subdivided into two subseries: Project Correspondence and General Correspondence. Subseries 1, Project Correspondence, 1876-1899, correspondence is divided by project and arranged alphabetically. Subseries 2, General Correspondence, 1861-1901, is arranged chronologically. Both series contain handwritten and typed letters. Some letters are on letterpress copybook pages and are most likely copies. Some materials are in French and Spanish. Special note should be made that this series does not contain all of the professional correspondence in the collection. Some correspondence has been separated according to project and placed in Series 8, Professional Projects, 1830-1965, in order to make it easier for researchers to access materials related to those subjects.

Subseries 1, professional correspondence topics include comparisons between construction projects (specifically comparisons of the Kanawha River Canal to other canals), supply lists, location recommendations, sketches, construction plans and modifications, bills for supplies and works, leaks in the gates, cost estimates, Brooklyn Water Supply, use of lake storage (Ramapo Water Supply), water supply to states and counties, damages to water supply pipes, estimates of water quantities, responses to construction reports, legal issues related to projects, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and payment for services.

Subseries 2, general correspondence topics include employment opportunities, committee meetings and elections, land surveys, sketches, engineering plans and ideas, work on projects, dismissal from projects, notes on supplies, Washington Aqueduct, construction progress, land purchases, Civil War, Jones Falls, cost of water pumps, steam drills, lots divisions and prices, repairs, report of the engineering bureau, tidewater connection at Annapolis, bridge construction, construction costs, statement of vessels that entered and cleared Baltimore, technical questions from colleagues, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, supply costs, letters of introduction, requests for reference, changes to plans and designs, survey reports, St. Andrew's lot, Canal Coal Company, publication process, American Society of Civil Engineers and its members, responses to project inquiries, Graving Dock gross revenue, job offers, specifications, trade figures, contracts, water levels, appointment dates and times, moveable dams, proposals for membership, salaries, Piedmont Coal Lands, maps, land profiles, Washington Bridge, board payments, Nicaragua Canal, Grant Coal Company, statistics, engineering notes, Hartford Bridge, water pressures, coal deposits, Colorado Coal, pipe lines, reservoirs, boat costs for canals, floods, bridges, letters of resignation, engines, Ruxton Viaduct, Colorado and Midland Railroad, Morse Bridge, share values, railroad locations, membership invitations, call for submissions, structural tests, record of accounts for room and board, appointments, water rights (Putnam County), publications, blueprints, visitation programs, cotton compresses, street trenches, pressures in dams, level tests, Portland Transportation bureau, trade information, concrete steel, Chicago drainage canal, ship canals, Augusta Cotton and Compress Company, Sooysmith case, Consolidated Gas Company, masonry, book binding, Columbia Railway Company, jetties, land grades, Chesapeake and Delaware canal, water wheels, pneumatic lock, tunnel arches, rifton power, Hutton's health, elevators, Brooklyn Bridge Terminals, girder weights, legal issues and their results, rating table for the Potomac, land profiles, transmission lines, transformers, water turbines, and water power on the Potomac River.

Correspondents for this series include the following: Captain Montgomery C. Meigs, Captain T.W. Symons, William Bryan, Ernest Flagg, John Hurd, Jake Wolfe, J.C. Saunders, J.H. Dolph, Charles J. Allen, G.H. Mendell, Virgil S. Bogue, B.A. Mounnerlyn, Edward Burr, H.G. Prout, R. William, H. Dodge, C.R. Suter, M. Mink, W.R. King, John Lyons, Alex Brown and Sons, John G. Butler, D. Condon, Bernard Carter, R.P. McCormick, D.R. Magruder, Andrew Banks, Isaac Solomon, C.J. Mayer, C.W. Kern, John Herring, James S. Mackie, D.R. Magunde, D. Rittaguide, R.S. Stevens, J.L. Raudolph (Baltimore and Ohio Railroad), J.M. Lane, W.D. Stuart, W.G.P. Palmer (Committee Church of the Ascension), C. Crozet, General W. Hughes, V.R. Maus, J.M. Hood (Western Maryland Railroad Company), Ernest Pontzen, M. Haus, William F. Craighill, Harry Hutton, John W. Pearce, Reverend James A. Harrald, William Watson, A.L. Rives, Thomas Monro, A.F. Croswan (Commander United States Navy), H.R. Garden, William McAlpine, James Forrest, Wm. Bloomsfield, Daniel Ammen, Linel Wells, A. and Otto Sibeth, Alfred Noble, Clemens Hershel, Sidney Warner, E.H. de Rheville, Theodore Cooper, William Findlay Shunk, Lewis S. Wolfe, Rufus Mead, Theodore F. Taylor, John Bogart, J. Whaler, B. Williamson, Colonel F.V. Greene, Robert H. Sayre (Lehigh Valley Railroad Company), Charles W. Pussey, Louis Q. Rissel, V.C. Bogue, H.C. Eckenberger, Melville E.G. Leston, Edwin Parson, Rudolph Hering, R.S. Hale, F.M. Turner, Thosl Martindale, Justus C. Strawbridge, William M. Ayresm, R.L. Austin, A.M. Miller, P. Livingston Dunn, T.J. Cleaver, C.S. Dutton, H.A. Carson, William Bainbridge Jaudon, H.A. Presset, Thomas H. McCann, Russel Sturgis, H.G. Prout, Alexis H. French, John K. Cowen, F.W. Williams, J. Waldorf, B.H. Byrant, B.H. Jones, M.H. Rogers, J.W. Ogden, General W. Cashing, William Longhudge, A.J. Cameron, T.L. Patterson, J.J. Hagerman, H. Wigglesworth, Charles B. Rowland, E. Bantz, W.G. Lathrop, Clarence King, George Rowland, George A. Tibbals (Continental Iron Works), George N. Vanderbilt, Eugene C. Lewis, F.P. Burt, Colonel John C. Clarke, Lieutenant Thomas Turtle, W.S.M. Scott, E. Bates Dorsey, Bernard Carter, George M. Shriver (Baltimore and Ohio Railroad), Russel Sturgis, Macmillan Publishing, James Abernethy, B. Baker, J.G.W. Fynje, A. Mallet, Jean Hersuy, L.F. Vernon Horcourt, Robert Lilley, A.J. Johnson, F.M. Colby, Henry D. Loney, A.S. Cameron, James A. Harrald, William Watson, John B. Lervis, A.L. Rives, Edwin F. Bidell, Frank H. Stockett, E. McMahon, C.F. Elgin, Enrique Budge, G. Clayton Gardiner, Dwight Porter, William A. Chapman, T.E. Sickels, Theodore Cooper, C.J. Warner, Institution of Civil Engineers, Robert Gordon, United States Coast of Geodetic Survey Office, C.P. Pattun, J.N. Putnam, Sidney B. Warner, H.D. Fisher, Union Pacific Railway Company, Lewis S. Wolle, George E. Waring Junior, The American Exhibition, G.F. Swain, American Society of Civil Engineers, N.H. Whitten, U.S. Engineer Office, Government Works Committee, J.J. Hagerman, D. Jackson, Sterling Iron and Railway Company, E.P. Alexander, E. Williamson, Central Railway Company of New Jersey, William A. Underwood, F. Collingwood, James Dun (Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad Company), Henry F. Kilburn, Louis A. Bissell, Virgil G. Boque, H.C. Eckenberger, Melville Egleston, Charles Parson, George Swain, Continental Iron Works, Rudolph Hering, J.B. Gordon, Mayor's Office (Baltimore), Harry Robinson, Pennsylvania Railway Company, W.H. Gahagan, L. Luiggi, B.H. Bryant, T.J. Cleaver (Chesapeake and Delaware Canal Company), H.A. Carson, H.A. Presset (Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey), John K. Cowen, Vernon H. Brown, J. Waldorf, B.H. Bryant, L.F. Root, P.W. White, Metropolitan Railroad Company, Charles F. Mayer (Consolidated Coal Company, Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad Company), J.M. Lane (Western Maryland Railroad), Dr. R.S. Stewart (Annapolis and Elk Ridge Railroad), Baltimore and Drum Point Railroad (John Lyons, John G. Butler, D. Candon, R.P. McCormick, Andrew Banks), Thomas F. Rowland, J.A. Bensel, Walton Aims, S.D. Coykendall, H.C. Rogers, John F. Ward, T.B. Jewell, H.A. Pressey, C.S. Armstrong, J. Nennett, V.G. Bague.

Series 3, Personal Correspondence, 1850-1942, contains correspondence with immediate and extended family, specifically the heirs to the Benjamin H. Hutton and Joseph Hutton estates and Adele Gorman. Correspondence is primarily arranged chronologically, but some files have been divided based on subject or author (the Deer Park and Adele Gorman files), or by form (the Telegrams, and Cablegrams file). Special note is made of the posthumous correspondence file, which includes correspondence both relating to Hutton's death and correspondence that was written by family members after the years of his death. The series contains both hand written and typed letters. Some correspondence is in French. The correspondence demonstrates his relationship with his children specifically Elizabeth (Bessie) Hutton, and illuminates his role in his family. This series also provides details about nineteenth century upper class society and activities. Special note should be made that this folder does not contain all of the personal correspondence contained in the collection. Some correspondence has been separated according to recipient, or subject in order to make researching these recipients or subjects easier.

Series 3 correspondence topics include: estate payments, distribution of assets, funds transfers, estate lines, conflicts with tenants, sketches, lot maintenance, real estate sales, deeds, real estate sales negotiations, congratulations wishes on new babies, family illnesses, family affairs and travels, traveling directions, personal investments, invitations for social occasions, family debts, professional interests, professional and personal appointments, family issues, requests for money, sketches, advice to children (specifically Frank Hutton), life insurance, books, letters of introduction, legal issues, funeral expenses, charity donations, advertisements, minutes from professional organizations, army enlistment, deaths of friends and family, recipes, estimates of personal expenses, renovations, stock certificates (Great Northern Railway Company, New York), food, social activities, the weather, marriages, real estate and construction plans, and loan agreements.

Correspondents include the following: Frank Hutton, Thomas B. Brookes, J.L. Marcauley, C.M. Matthews, Edward J. Hancy, John M. Wilson, H.A. Carson, William H. Wiley (of John Wiley and Sons Scientific Publishers, New York), Georgina Hutton, Pierre and Jane Casson, George McNaughlin, Henrietta Hutton, Aaron Pennington Whitehead, J.B. Wheeler, B. Williamson, Robert De Forest, Elizabeth (Bessie) Hutton, Grace Beukard, J.C. Saunders, Mary Hutton, William J. Pennington, C.S. Hurd, Henry C. Cooper, Henry J. Segers, S.F. Miller, Annie Theller, Alfred Noble, Maria Burton, Joseph Hobson, E. Lennon, F. Hulberg, Charles Gordon Hutton, Edward C. Ebert, A. William Lewin, E.R. Dunn, William P. Craighill, Theodore Cooper, P.I. Chapelle, Anita McAlpine, Clarence King, Victoria Raymond, and Adele Gorman.

Series 4, Personal Materials, 1835-1946, contains documentation about Hutton's personal finances, role as executor of the Benjamin H. Hutton, Joseph Hutton, Annie Theller, and Countess H. De Moltke-Hvitfeldt estates, Mary Augusta Hutton (wife), Mary Hutton (daughter), Frank Hutton, John Caulfield (son-in-law), and B.F. and C.H. Hutton. The series has been divided into four subseries: Financial Records, 1876-1901, Estate and Real Estate Records, 1835-1921, Other Huttons, 1876-1936, and Personal Material, 1878-1946. Subseries 2, Estate and Real Estate Records, 1835-1921, contains correspondence relating to specific family estates and family members. This correspondence was separated from Series 3, Personal Correspondence, 1850-1942, to make it easier for researchers to access all records relating to the family estates. This series includes hand written, typed, and printed materials. Some materials are in French. All material dated after 1901 has been added to the collection by other creators such as Hutton's wife and children.

Subseries 1, Financial Records, 1876-1901, includes account books, account records, correspondence related to bank accounts, bank statements, financial notes, bills and proofs of payment, rent receipts, tax bills (New York, Flatbush, Montgomery County), checks, money exchanges, receipts for tax payments, real estate receipts, stock and bond certificates, loan agreements, executor accounts, rebate calculation sheet, and tax and insurance payments.

Subseries 2, Estate and Real Estate Records, 1835-1921, includes property maps and information (rent, mortgage costs, deeds), correspondence, notes on estate distribution, estate assets, value of estate and estate payments, account records, loan agreements, receipts, proof of payments, checks, financial records, legal documents, insurance documents, tax bills, auction receipts, and wills relating to the estates of Benjamin H. Hutton, Joseph Hutton, Countess H. de Moltke-Hivtfeldt, Annie Theller, and William R. Hutton. Also included are correspondence, property maps and information, and deeds and mortgages on Hutton properties.

Subseries 2, the estate and real estate records correspondence topics include: Virginia state building codes, construction costs, construction notices, purchasing offers for property, real estate prices, receipts of payments, property lines, real estate purchases and sales, real estate sales negotiations, deeds insurance estimates and costs, loan costs, property estimates, renovation costs, mortgages, property damages and repairs, property tax payments, insurance rates and payments, rent payments, telephone installation, building permits, rental agreements, reports on property condition, contracts of sale, conflicts with tenants, changes of address, deeds, distribution of estate monies, details about the Countess' illness, estate arrangements, changes of address, problems arising out of estate distribution, payment of debts, will details, selling of mortgage shares, accounts, estate settlement, money cables and transfers, dealings with lawyers, rent on Hutton Park property, legal and accounting fees, power of attorney transfer, investments, property security, land appraisals, lists of assets, legacy taxes, mortgages transfers, property management, Flatbush property, property rent and values, and physicians bills.

Correspondents include the following: A.C. Weeks, Walter I. Green, John D. Probsh, A.G. Darwin, Thomas H. McCann, Allan Farguhar, Thomas Dawson, Potter and Crandall Real Estate and Insurance Brokers, George C. Tilyou, H.D. Olephant, F. Winston, Richard E. Calbraith, Frank P. Martin, Henry DeForest, Henry C. Cooper, Metropolitan Telephone and Telegraph Company, John Ecker, C.K. Avevill, Georgina Hutton, Edward J. Hancy, Robert Graham, W.M. Bennett, Willis E. Merriman, Nathan L. Miller, Harry Hutton, Marquise de Portes (Adele Gorman), Annie Theller, Samuel L. Theller, Mrs. R. Locke, Frank Z. Adams, John Palmer (Secretary of State, New York), J.T. Cammeyer, Frank P. Martin, Florence Theller, Francis H. Seger, Henry C. Cooper, D.W.G. Cammeyer, Campbell W. Adams, Jane Casson, Elizabeth Hutton, Rene de Portes, H.G. Atkins, Grace Beukard, Aaron Pennington Muikhead, J.E. Delapalme, T.H. Powers, Egerton L. Winthrop Junior, George B. Glover, William Jay and Robert W. Candler, B. Williamson, J.E. Knaff, Cornelius C. Vermeule, S.V. Hayden, Charles G. Landon[?], H.A. Hurlbert, F.A. Black, John L. Calwalder, the Health Department of New York, A.G. Darwin, William Laue, Frederick Frelinghuysen, Charles S. Brown, Henrietta Hutton, Edward Gelon.

Subseries 3, Other Huttons, 1874-1936, includes professional drawings and proposals, checks, insurance information, correspondence, tax information, medical information, tax bills, relating to Mary Augusta Hutton (wife), Mary Hutton (daughter), Henry and Harry Hutton, Frank Hutton (son), John Caulfield (son-in-law), B.F. Hutton, and C.H. Hutton.

Subseries 4, Personal Materials, 1878-1946, contains handwritten property notes, school notes, sermons, travel documents, menus, Christmas cards, jewelry box, postal guide, typed religious materials and flyers.

Series 5, Diaries, 1866-1901, contains twenty nine diary books that document both Hutton's personal and professional life. These diaries provide not only a record of Hutton's life, but were also used by Hutton himself as a reference tool. When working on projects he would refer to notes and observations he made in his diary (as evidenced by notes made in his diaries). The first pages of the diaries often list his height, weight and clothing sizes as they varied from year to year. A researcher could probably use the cashbooks (see Series 7) and the diaries in conjunction as both detail the purchases made by Hutton. Many of the diaries also include a short record of accounts in the back. The diaries are arranged chronologically.

Topics found in the diaries include short form accounts of daily activities and appointments, records of the weather, Chesapeake and Ohio Canal project, construction progress on projects, steam pumps, sketches and calculations, extension of Washington railroads, cost of food, work supplies, travel costs, costs of goods and food, work deadlines, home renovations, visits to family, cash accounts, accounts of household duties, produce on Woodlands property, records of deaths, debts owed, account of clearing Woodlands property, church visits, Hancock and Tonoloway Aqueduct, canals, Drum Point Railroad, Montgomery C. Meigs, Washington Aqueduct, Annapolis Water Works, telegram costs, wages for Chesapeake and Ohio Canal project, William Craighill, Morris Canal, Annapolis Railroad and Canal, professional duties (inspections), Kanawha River Canal, travel schedules, professional expenses, cash received from Chesapeake and Ohio Canal project, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, John's Dam, cathedral construction (St. Patricks?), Piedmont Bridge, Cumberland, account of farm property belonging to Major Campbell Bruns, Cunard Pier, Marquise de Portes, rent costs, Baltimore Canal, Kingston Water Supply, Croton Orange Estate, Pierre Casson, Hudson River Tunnel, Washington/Harlem River Bridge, entertainment costs, Greenwood cemetery, train schedule, notes on illness, real estate sales, Hutton Park, Benjamin H. Hutton estate and heirs, estimates, accounts of correspondence received and sent, Central Railroad, rent on Orange properties, addresses, contracts and building supplies for projects, personal finances, Joseph Hutton property on Vanderbilt Avenue, New York, amounts paid and received, medical appointments, Ramapo Water Company, drawing progress of maps and diagrams, Harbor Board (New York), property repairs, inspection and test reports, reservoirs, lists of birthdays, Boston Tunnel, family financial issues, tax payments, and prayers.

Series 6, Notebooks, 1860-1900, document the engineering and architectural projects worked on by Hutton. The series has been divided into three subseries: Subseries 1, Engineering and Survey Field Notes, 1860-1899; Subseries 2, Notebooks, 1871-1886; and Subseries 3, Notes, 1863-1900. Subseries 1, Engineering and Survey Field Notes, 1860-1899, contains sixteen field notebooks used by Hutton. Subseries 2, Notebooks, 1871-1886, contains seven notebooks. Subseries three, Notes, 1863-1900, contains four documents.

Some notebooks correspond to specific projects such as the Kanawha River Canal (lockgate and Phoenix Waterline), Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, Buffalo Reservoir, Potomac Lock and Dock Company, Northern Adirondack Railroad account, Washington Aqueduct, Little Rock Bridge, Wilson-Adam Dock, Croten Brick Works, Hutton Park, Centennial Iron Works, Cumberland Canal, Williamsport Aqueduct, Catoctin Aqueduct, Alexandria Canal, Miller's Saw Mill, Seneca Dam, Union Tunnel, Cumberland Waterworks, Victoria Bridge, Welland Canal, North Sea Canal, Ramapo Water Company, Annapolis Water Company, Antietam Aqueduct, Interoceanic Canal, San Quentin Canal, Suez Canal, Amsterdam Canal, Harlem Bulkhead, Morris Canal, Blue Lake Canal, and Nicaragua Canal.

These notebooks should be used in conjunction with the other materials in the collection related to professional projects, as they often provide more detailed accounts of the construction and land surveys. Some of the notebooks contain entries from several different sources. The notebooks were probably shared among the engineers working on these projects. The notebooks also contain looseleaf ephemera such as hand written calculations, newspaper clippings, and blueprints. Languages found in this series are English and French.

Notebook topics include construction projects, supply needs, costs for labor, sketches (Woodland Mills, landscapes, dams, railway cars, Noland Tunnel), costs of crops, survey measurements, cost of livestock, aqueducts, inspections, canal bridges, seed prices, dams, measurements, coffer dam, canal maintenance, worker salaries, calculations, towpath sketches and measurements, shipping rates, worker accidents, water and coal used, geometrical sketches (Washington Aqueduct), locks, damage reports, interactions with other engineers (William Reading), coal shipments on the canal, travel expenses, land survey notes, drafts for correspondence, William Craighill, Victoria docks, lists of personal supplies used, construction time estimates, surveying expenses, telegram costs, sand pump, canal from Sherling to Tuxedo Bay, analysis of several artificial lakes and reservoirs, distances of reservoirs to main pipes, calculations for the Austin Wheel, engine construction, bridges, gauging water depth, results and observations of tests and performance, problems with construction, to-do lists, cost of land surrounding towpaths, Fawcett's Lock, Tarman's Lock, comparison of costs in transporting coal by water and by rail, inspection notes, iron work, drainages, leaks, cost of supplies, watergates, harbor ferries, railroad station distances, flood protection, Panama Canal via the Nicaraguan route, cost of jetties, water levels, pressure of steam, boilers, steam and water cycle, water depth, cement, Great Falls, Virginia, waterflow, soundings, time of floats, flow of currents, rain fall measurements, tunnel measurements, cost of trenching San Francisco water supply, record of livestock, cost of food, rates of sawing woods and mills, preliminary railroad line measurements, profile of final line, and railroad line profiles.

Series 7, Cash Books, 1856-1899, contains seven cashbooks which list prices for personal items purchased by Hutton. Topics include groceries, church dues, clothes, hygiene products, cigars, some short journal entries about his work (Williamstown), concerts, dinners, family addresses, cakes, meals, cars, stamps, office supplies (pencils and papers), valentines, glasses, gloves, fabric, medicine, needles, diapers, tobacco, shoes (adult and childrens), travel expenses, telegrams, candles, newspapers, liquor, coal oil, jewelry, allowances given to family members, bank deposits, monies paid and received, taxes, subscriptions, tailoring costs, deposits and payments into estate trusts, and notes about payments to Benjamin H. Hutton heirs. The cashbooks also contain some personal loose leaf ephemera such as prayers, sketches, and engineering notes collected by Hutton.

Series 8, Professional Projects, 1830-1965, contains documents about engineering and architectural projects throughout Hutton's career, including information about the professional organizations and the legal issues in which he was involved. This series has been divided into eight subseries based on project, document form, and document subject. Some materials are in French and Italian.

Series 8, Professional Projects, also includes correspondence related to specific projects, primarily the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, the Hudson River Tunnel, the Washington/Harlem River Bridge, and the Georgetown Incline.

Topics include construction and repair to the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, engineering and use of Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, worker contracts, supply and labor purchases, design plans and proposals, construction and repair costs, supply notes and costs of supplies, water pressure and power, shipping materials and routes (specifically the shipping of coal), inspections and their findings, condition of canal dam and locks, water supply, drainage, sketches, board proceedings, business meetings, deeds, cost comparisons to other shipping methods, hiring processes, wages, cost estimates, Hutton's consulting fees, measurements and calculations, funding issues, worker conflicts, negotiations with municipal governments, payment schedules, bills for services, air pressure in Hudson River Tunnel, permission for construction, specifications, mortality rate among workers on the Hudson River Tunnel, construction reports, outlet incline, proposals for construction, letters of introduction, railroad versus water for trade, controversy with Tiersey, construction contracts, construction schedules, construction issues, construction progress, construction damage, basis for estimates, supply requests, internal politics, changes to construction plans, contract and price adjustments, issues with suppliers, construction delays, work permits, bills, worker issues, engineering notes, construction excavations, expenses, construction instructions, Union Bridge Company, lighting installations, construction processes, hiring practices, electrical conductors, water proofing, hydraulics, cement, concrete, payment of contributors, processes of approval for construction, meeting dates of the Harlem River Bridge Commission, and contract restrictions.

Correspondents include the following: W.W.M. Kaig, Henry Dodge, E. Mulvany, John Shay, James Clarke, H.D. Whitcomb, Horace Benton, J. Rellan, J.R. Maus, W.E. Merrill, A.P. Gorman, J.H. Staats, Vernon H. Brown, Charles H. Fisher (New York Central and Hudson River Railway Company), B. Baker, John Fowler, Benjamin and John Dos Passos, Charles B. Colby, Charles B. Brush, S. Pearson, Stanford White, Horace E. Golding, R.H. Smith, Daniel Lord, A. Fteley, Herbert Hinds, J.R. Bartlett, D.M. Hirsch, M.H. Bartholomew, Thomas O. Driscoll, W.E. Porter, Thomas F. Rowland, George Edward Harding, R.H. Dames, William Watson, James B. Eads, J.D. Bright, H. Aston, Charles Suley, A.M. Maynard, W.R. Henton, G. Geddes, H.P. Gilbut, Malcolm W. Niver (Secretary of the Harlem River Bridge Commission), J.D. Patterson, George Devin (Assistant Engineer Washington/ Harlem River Bridge), J.B. Wheeler, John Bogart, Charles Burns, J. McClellon, Rob Bassee, B. Williamson, Theodore Cooper, Lewis Cass Ledyard, R.M. Hunt, John Cooper, Henry Wilson, A.A. Caille, Myles Tierney, W. Pentzen, L.B. Cantfield, George Q. Grumstaid Junior, M.J. Funton, George Pierce, W.O. Fayerweather, Noah S. Belthen, Herbert Steward, W.M. Habirsham. Subseries 1, Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, 1828-1965, consists of plans, blueprints, land profiles, drawings, boat rates, contract forms, order forms, descriptions of the canal, design information, engineering data, sketches, cost estimates, land titles, microfilm, business papers, supply bills, patent bills, news clippings, reports, specifications, stockholder's reports, receipts, water leases, printed materials, and correspondence.

The Chesapeake and Ohio Canal project was started in 1828 and completed twenty two years later in 1850. The canal's main objective was to connect Georgetown to the coal banks above Cumberland, Maryland, providing a short and cheap trade route between the eastern and western United States. It was also hoped that the canal would provide greater communication and travel between these two regions. Plagued by natural disasters, and construction setbacks, the canal was never completed in time to be useful and became obsolete shortly after its completion. Canal trade was eventually put out of business by the increase of railroads. Although it was an important development in engineering at its inception, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal is no longer in use and has become what locals affectionately refer to as "the old ditch." The canal was designated a National Historical Park in 1971 and consists of 184.5 miles of hiking and biking trails.

Subseries 2, Hudson River Tunnel, 1887-1901, consists of agreements for construction, certificates, contracts, and cost estimates, construction reports, engineering notebooks, engineering notes, sketches, land profiles, maps, progress profiles, plans, proposals, printed material, statements of expenses, and correspondence.

The Hudson River Tunnel project was started in 1874, and the final tubes were opened in 1910 after several construction setbacks. The tunnel connects Weehawken, New Jersey and Pennsylvania Station in Manhattan, New York City. Today the Hudson River Tunnel, known as the North River Tunnels is used by Amtrak's Northeast Corridor and New Jersey Transit rail lines.

Subseries 3, Harlem River Bridge, 1878-1982, consists of blueprints, printed materials, photographs, engineer's estimates, schedules, costs, reports, proposals, contracts, specifications, and correspondence.

The Harlem River Bridge project was started in 1885 and was completed in 1889. It spans the Harlem River in New York City, New York and connects the Washington Heights section of Manhattan with the Bronx. It was later named and is still known as the Washington Bridge and has been adapted over time to carry highway traffic. These adaptations have allowed the bridge to remain in use today.

Subseries 4, Other Projects, 1858-1832, consists of drawings, maps, blueprints, plans, proposals, cost estimates, bills, correspondence, sketches, land profiles, dimensions, engineering notes, account records, photostats, supply lists, calculations, legal documents, surveys, inspection reports, financial data, and measurements on architectural and engineering projects. Highlights of this subseries include: Western Maryland Railroad, Washington Aqueduct, Panama Canal, Ramapo Water Company, Piedmont Bridge, Northern Adirondack Railroad, Columbia Railroad, Morris Canal, Pittsfield and Williamstown Railroad, Suez Canal, St. Gothard Canal, Tansa Dam, Colorado Midland Railroad Company, Memorial Bridge, Mersey Tunnel, Little Rock Bridge, Kingston Water Supply, Kanawha River Canal, Florida Ship Canal, East Jersey Water Company, Consolidated Coal Company, Dismal Swamp Canal, Boston and Baltimore Tunnels, St. Patrick's Cathedral, Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, Annapolis Water Company, Baltimore and Drum Point Railroad Company, and the Baltimore Beltline.

Subseries 5, Unidentified Project Files, 1872-1900, consists of bills of sale, engineering forms and regulations, cement test results and methods, census bulletin, contracts, cost estimates, correspondence, notes on publications, engineering data and notes, drawings, surveys, sketches, payrolls, photographs, and reports.

Subseries 6, Specifications, 1870-1900, consists of documents related to some of Hutton's projects, including specifications for bridges, reservoirs, canals, viaducts, docks, buildings, water works, and tunnels. Some specifications are more general, and some are blank proposal/specification forms. There are also proposals for estimates and a "call" or advertisement to contractors to bid on certain projects. Many of the specifications deal with projects in New York State, but projects in Pennsylvania, the City of Baltimore, and Europe are represented. The materials are arranged alphabetically by project name. There is one folder of documentation for the Potomac River Bridge (Arlington Memorial Bridge) in Washington, D.C. The Arlington Memorial Bridge was part of the 1901 McMillan Commission's plan for restoring Pierre (Peter) Charles L'Enfant's original plan for the capital. Two decades passed before construction was initiated by the architectural firm McKim, Mead, and White. The documentation for the Memorial Bridge consists of calculations and monetary figures for materials such as granite.

Subseries 7, Legal Documents, 1886, contains documents related to a patent infringement suit for moveable dams involving Alfred Pasqueau vs. the United States. This file contains both a printed version of the case and a handwritten statement from Hutton.

Subseries 8, Professional Organizations, 1870-1902, contains documents related to professional organizations where Hutton held membership. Specific organizations represented are American Institute of Architects, American Society of Civil Engineers, Institution of Civil Engineers, Boston Society of Civil Engineers, Societe des Ingenieurs Civils de France, Librarie Polytechnique, American Agency of "Engineering" in London, Imperial Institute, League of Associated Engineers, Railroad Corporation, American Institute of Mining Engineers, and the Century Association. Material in the subseries includes correspondence, candidates for membership, membership payments, membership lists, meeting minutes, schedule of terms, professional practices, charges, articles of association, invitations for membership, and election notes. Some materials are in French.

Series 9, Printed Materials, 1850-1913, contains a variety of printed materials relating to engineering and architectural projects written by Hutton and fellow engineers. This series can be used to examine not only professional developments of the period and responses to those developments, but also to track how ideas were transferred between engineers across countries and continents. This series should be used in conjunction with the professional correspondence found in this collection, as many of the authors also appear there. Some materials are in French, German, Spanish, and Italian.

Subseries 1, Printed Materials by Hutton, 1852-1900, includes printed papers on the Missouri flood wave, the Ravine du Sud, the Potomac waterfront, the Colorado midlands, and the application of water supply machinery.

Subseries 2, Printed Materials by Others, 1826-1913, includes printed materials on the Chesapeake and Ohio Canals, Tehuantec Ship Railway, Interoceanic canals and railways, jetties, Nicaragua Canal, uses of cements, mortars, concretes, steam power, harbors, Niagara Falls, Kanawha River canal, Mississippi River, Hudson River Bridge, sewage disposal, Washington Aqueduct, specifications, construction progress reports, hydraulic experiments, water supply, drainage, road surfacing, sea walls, water-cooling apparatus, pollution reports, bridges, pipes, channels, reservoirs, irrigation, water power, and sewers.

Subseries 2 contains an issue of The North American Review in which Hutton has specifically highlighted an article entitled, "The Inter-Oceanic Canal." Please see the container list for names of authors.

Subseries 3, Printed Materials with No Author, 1852-1903, includes printed materials on harbor reports, Annapolis Water Company, Ramapo Water Company, water departments and boards, maps, engineer's reports, sea walls, preservation of structures, annual reports, Coal and Iron Railway Company, sewers, Baltimore and Drum Point Railroad, contract specifications, proposals, social club life, Croton Water Supply, law suits, water supplies, moveable dams, reservoirs, East River Bridge, Eastern Canal, water filtration, Kingston New Water Supply, water pipes, locks, docks, contracts, construction reports, Croton Water Supply, and surveys. Also included are issues of journals such as Le Correspondant, Circular of the Office of Chief Engineers, The Club, VIII Congres International de Navigation, Journal of the Association of Engineering Studies, and Journal of the Franklin Institute.

Subseries 4, Newspaper, Journals and Magazine Clippings, 1873-1900, contains clippings from a variety of newspapers such as Scientific American, andRailroad Gazette. Subjects included are the Union Tunnel opening in Baltimore, Drum Point Railroad, railroad company conflicts, Washington/Harlem River Bridge, Metropolitan Railroad, Western Maryland Railroad, crop prospects, lumber trade, North Avenue Bridge, Nicaraguan Canal, harbors, river improvements, reactions to engineering projects, Belt tunnel, city transit, Washington, D.C. flood in 1880, tunnel shields, Springfield Bridge, railroad patents, Panama Canal, jetties, Hudson Tunnel, steel boilers, composition and use of cement, and the Brooklyn Bridge.

Subseries 5, Oversized Printed Materials, 1889-1892, contains large printed materials related to the Washington Aqueduct, General Post Office Building, subway arches, cornices, Warwick's Castle, Neuschwanstein Castle, Renaissance paintings, botanical drawings, school buildings, church architecture, the Hospital for the Insane of the Army and Navy and the District of Columbia, the Panama Canal, Morningside Park, and the Mississippi Jetties. Also includes engravings of Hutton, T.N. Talfound, and F. Jeffrey and photographs of Montgomery C. Meigs, and Hutton. Some materials are in German and French.

References:

1. Ward, George Washington, "The Early Development of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Project," Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science Series XVII, no. 9-11 (1899): 8.

2. Ibid., 88.

3. Ibid., 55.

4. Ibid., 90.

5. Sanderlin, Walter S., "The Great National Project: A History of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal," Johns Hopkins University Studies in Historical and Political Science Series LXIV, no. 1 (1946): 21.

6. Ibid., 282.

7. Gies, Joseph, Adventure Underground (Garden City, N.Y.: Doubleday and Company Inc., 1962): 134.

8. Ibid., 131-132.

9. Ibid., 135-136.

10. Ibid., 145.

Arrangement:: The collection is arranged into ten series.

Series 1, Letterpress Copybooks, 1858-1901

Series 2, Professional Correspondence, 1861-1901

Subseries 1, Project Correspondence, 1876-1899

Subseries 2, General Correspondence, 1861-1901

Series 3, Personal Correspondence, 1850-1942

Series 4, Personal Materials, 1835-1946

Subseries 1, Financial Records, 1876-1901

Subseries 2, Estate and Real Estate Records, 1835-1921

Subseries 3, Other Huttons, 1874-1936

Subseries 4, Personal Materials, 1878-1946

Series 5, Diaries, 1866-1901

Series 6, Notebooks, 1860-1900

Subseries 1, Engineering and Survey Field Notes, 1860-1899

Subseries 2, Notebooks, 1871-1886

Subseries 3, Notes, 1863-1900

Series 7, Cashbooks, 1856-1899

Series 8, Professional Projects, 1830-1965

Subseries 1, Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, 1828-1965

Subseries 2, Hudson River Tunnel, 1887-1901

Subseries 3, Harlem River Bridge, 1878-1892

Subseries 4, Other Projects, 1858-1932

Subseries 5, Identified Project Files, 1872-1900

Subseries 6, Specifications, 1870-1900

Subseries 7, Legal Documents, 1886

Subseries 8, Professional Organizations, 1870-1902

Series 9, Printed Materials, 1826-1913

Subseries 1, Printed Materials by Hutton, 1852-1900

Subseries 2, Printed Materials by Others, 1826-1913

Subseries 3, Newspaper, Journals, and Magazine Clippings, 1855-1901

Subseries 4, Oversized Printed Material, 1889-1892

Series 10: Drawings, 1875, 1883

Biographical / Historical:: Not much is known about the history of William Rich Hutton outside of his role in architectural and engineering projects of the late 1800s and early 1900s. In many cases, he is spoken of only in reference to his projects, and the short biographies that have been written read more like a resume than a life story. Because of this lack of information, this note will focus on Hutton's professional accomplishments, but will attempt to make some comments on his personal life.

William Rich Hutton was born on March 21, 1826 in Washington, D.C., the eldest son of James Hutton (died 1843) and his wife, the former Salome Rich (1). He was educated at the Western Academy (Washington, D.C.) from 1837-1840 under George J. Abbot and then at Benjamin Hallowell's School in Alexandria, Virginia, where he received special training in mathematics, drawing, and surveying (2). Hutton began his professional career in California when he, along with his younger brother James, accompanied their uncle William Rich to work for the United States Army. His uncle was a paymaster for the army and Hutton became his clerk. They traveled around the new state paying the various platoons stationed there, but Hutton also occupied his time by drawing the landscapes and structures he saw in the settlements of Los Angeles, San Francisco, La Paz, Mazatlan, Santa Barbara, Monterey, San Pedro, San Diego, and Cape San Lucas (3). These drawings are now held by the Huntington Library in San Marino, California. Hutton held the position of clerk until the spring of 1849, and in July of that year he began working with Lieutenant Edward O.C. Ord and completed the first survey of Los Angeles and its surrounding pueblo lands and islands. Hutton continued surveying in California from 1850-1851. He was hired by William G. Dana to survey the Nipomo Ranch in San Luis Obispo County and also surveyed the ranches Santa Manuela and Huer-Huero, both owned by Francis Z. Branch. After his employment with Dana, he became the county surveyor for San Luis Obispo County, where he prepared the first survey and map of the region. He also continued to survey ranches for Captain John Wilson during this time. In August 1851, he resigned from his position as county surveyor and moved to Monterey where he worked as an assistant to Captain (later General) Henry W. Hallack, superintendent of the New Almaden Quicksilver Mine in Santa Clara County (4). He remained in this position until March, 1853 when he returned to Washington, D.C. by way of Mexico (5).

Hutton began his career as a civil engineer in Washington, D.C. He was first assigned to the position of assistant engineer on a survey of the projected Metropolitan Railroad in 1853, which was chartered to connect Washington, D.C. with the mainline of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. In 1855 he began his professional relationship with Montgomery C. Meigs when he was appointed to the position of assistant engineer on the Washington Aqueduct. He also served as division engineer on this project until construction was shut down in 1861 because of the outbreak of the Civil War. Fortunately for Hutton, the construction on the Aqueduct was resumed in 1862, and when Congress transferred the supervision of the aqueduct project from the War Department to the Department of the Interior, Hutton was made chief engineer. By the end of the Civil War, Hutton's reputation as a civil engineer was established (6).

During this decade Hutton also served as the chief engineer for the Annapolis Water Works (1866) and as chief engineer for one of his most famous projects, the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal (1869-1871). Although some historians minimize Hutton as just one of many engineers to work on the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, he did make one major contribution to its construction: the Georgetown Canal Incline. Perhaps the final effort of the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal company to compete with the emerging and fast expanding railroad, the Georgetown Incline was designed to allow canal boats to travel through the canal with low water levels and to alleviate canal congestion. Unfortunately, by the time the incline was completed use of the canal had decreased so significantly that it was no longer needed to help control traffic (7). Despite this, Hutton continued to work as a consulting engineer for the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal Company until 1881, when he was let go because of the dwindling fortunes of the company (7).

In the 1870s and 1880s Hutton was busy with several engineering projects. During 1871-1873, he was the chief engineer in the completion of the Western Maryland Railroad to Hagerstown and Williamsport (9). He also practiced as an architect with his brother, the prominent Baltimore architect Nathanial Henry Hutton, during the years 1873-1880. He relocated to New York in 1880, serving as chief engineer for the Washington Bridge in 1888 and 1889 and the Hudson River Tunnel from 1889 to 1891. In 1886, he became the consulting engineer for the New Croton Aqueduct and served in the same position for the Colorado Midland Railway between the years of 1886-1889 (10).

As his personal and professional correspondence shows, Hutton continued to work on various engineering and architectural projects until his death on December 11, 1901. In addition to these projects, he also invented the innovative system of locks and moveable dams used in the Kanawha River Canal. He was awarded the Diplome d'Honneur for this featat the Paris Exposition in 1878 (11). His correspondence also demonstrates how Hutton was respected within his professional community. These letters refer to the accuracy of his work, his willingness to help other colleagues and supply them with reference materials and information, and, in addition to all this, his politeness. It seems that these qualities defined not only his personality but also his ideology. In one of the cashbooks in the collection, dated 1899, a hand written note contains a religious parable of "The Straw." The phrase in this parable that speaks most to Hutton's work ethic, and to the spirit of inventors everywhere, is this: "Even so however lowly may be the act, however little opportunities we may have of assisting others, we may still do something. Let us beg to fulfil our duty in this regards by making ourselves useful to others by some little act of thoughtful charity..." (12). Hutton, in his dedication to civil engineering, seems to have lived up to this virtue, and in his work he changed the landscape of Washington, D.C. and New York.

The Fairy Godfather: Hutton's Personal History

His professional records reveal a man who was fiercely dedicated to his work. His obituary references his professional life more than his personal life (13). Despite his reputation in the professional engineering community, his personal records demonstrate that Hutton was also dedicated to his family and children. In 1855, he married Montgomery County native Mary Augusta Clopper (died 1915). Together they lived on her family's estate known as the Woodlands, and had five children: Frank C. Hutton, Mary Hutton, Elizabeth Hutton (later Caulfield), Rosa Hutton, and Annie Salome Hutton (14). It is at this estate that Hutton died and was buried. The personal letters to his wife found in the Woodlands Collection held at the Montgomery County Historical Society show a man in love and willing to take time from his work to write to his wife. His letters to his children show a similar interest and compassion. In the many letters found in this collection from his daughter Elizabeth (Bessie) one can see a father who is interested in not only his daughter's activities abroad, but also in her opinion. This interest also extends to his son Frank Hutton, as their correspondence shows Hutton offering his son advice on his own engineering projects.

Hutton also served as executor to many of his extended family's estates. Many letters show the conflicts that Hutton had to mediate and the dependence of his cousins on him for advice and money. Although his family was wealthy (his cousin was Benjamin H. Hutton whose daughters married into the court of Napoleon III), they were volatile, and his records seem to indicate that he served as a mediator for many of their disputes. In addition to this, as his nickname of Fairy Godfather suggests, Hutton was always willing to lend his family either financial or moral support when needed. Unfortunately, little other documentation concerning Hutton's personal life exists outside of this collection and the one held at the Montgomery County Historical Society.

References:

1. Waters, Willard O., "Introduction," California 1847-1852 (San Marino: The Huntington Library, 1942).

2. Waters, Willard O., "Memoir," Glances at California 1847-1853 (San Marino: The Huntington Library, 1942): ix.

3. Waters, Willard O., "Introduction," California 1847-1852 (San Marino: The Huntington Library, 1942). and Waters, Willard O., "Memoir," Glances at California 1847-1853 (San Marino: The Huntington Library, 1942): x-xi.

4. Waters, Willard O., "Introduction," California 1847-1852 (San Marino: The Huntington Library, 1942).

5. Waters, Willard O., "Memoir," Glances at California 1847-1853 (San Marino: The Huntington Library, 1942): xvii.

6. Waters, Willard O., "Memoir," Glances at California 1847-1853 (San Marino: The Huntington Library, 1942): xvii-xviii.

7. Skramstad, Harold, "The Georgetown Canal Incline," Technology and Culture, Vol. 10, no. 4 (Oct. 1969): 555.

8. Business Correspondence, Chesapeake and Ohio Canal, 22 February 1881, William R. Hutton Papers, 1830-1965, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, box number 27, folder number 29.

9. "William Rich Hutton," The Club: A Journal of Club Life for Men and Women,(July 1894):37

10. Ibid.

11. Monzione, Joseph, "William R. Hutton," A.P.W.A. Reporter (Sept. 1977): 7.

12. Cashbook, 1899, William R. Hutton Papers, 1830-1965, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, box number 23, folder number 5.

13. The Woodlands Collection, Montgomery County Historical Society.

Related Materials:: Materials in the Archives Center

The Montgomery C. Meigs Papers, 1870-1890, (AC0987). Contains materials relating to the construction of the Washington Aqueduct including a book of drawings illustrating reservoirs, tunnels, culverts, and other structural elements, a Government Senate Document relating to construction progress, scrapbooks created by Meigs that include newspaper clippings about the Washington Aqueduct project, water supply, engineering projects, building construction, architecture and other subjects. Collection is currently unprocessed, but is available for research.

Materials in Other Organizations:

The William Rich Hutton Papers, 1840-1961, are located at the Huntington Library in California (see http://catalog.huntington.org).

The collection contains 95 drawings, 13 letters, and 39 facsimile copies of letters and manuscripts. The illustrative material includes both watercolor and pencil drawings of California (including Los Angeles, Monterey, San Francisco, the New Almaden Quicksilver Mine, and the California missions), Baja California, Mexico, and Peru. There are also five pieces in the collection related to the author María Amparo Ruiz de Burton. In 1942, the Huntington Library published Glances at California 1847--853: Diaries and Letters of William Rich Hutton, Surveyor and California 1847--852: Drawings by William Rich Hutton.

The Hutton family papers are located at the Montgomery County Historical Society, Sween Library (see http://www.montgomeryhistory.org/sites/default/files/Family_Files.pdf).

The collection contains account books from the Woodlands estate, recipe books, livestock records, records of Mary Augusta Hutton (wife), Mary and Rose Hutton (daughters), newspaper clippings (including his obituary), correspondence, record books, deeds, bills and receipts, engineering papers, religious momentos (funeral service cards), and insurance papers.

Provenance:: The collection was donated by Mr. and Mrs. James J. Madine, a relative of Hutton's and last owners of the Woodlands estate; the Department of Forests and Parks, Maryland; Louis Fischer; and Mr. and Mrs. Mayo S. Stuntz, 1965-1966, 1974.

Restrictions:: Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.

Rights:: Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Topic:: Dams Search this; Hydraulic engineering Search this; Canals Search this; Underwater tunnels Search this; Railroad bridges Search this; Railroad construction Search this; Water-supply Search this; Construction workers Search this; Construction equipment Search this; Concrete construction Search this; Concrete Search this; Coal -- Transportation Search this; Civil engineers Search this; Civil engineering Search this; Canals -- Panama Search this; Canals -- Washington (D.C.) Search this; Canals -- Maryland Search this; Canals -- Design and construction Search this; Bridges -- United States Search this; Waterworks Search this; Tunnels Search this; Tunnels -- New York (N.Y.) Search this; Construction -- Washington (D.C.) Search this; Underground construction Search this; Locks and dams Search this; Shipping Search this; Iron and steel bridges Search this; Sewage disposal Search this; Railroads -- Maryland Search this; Railroads -- 19th century Search this; Railroad engineering Search this; Railroad companies Search this; Aqueducts Search this; Arch bridges Search this; Architects -- 19th century Search this; Books Search this; Bridges -- New York (N.Y.) Search this; Bridges -- Design and construction Search this; Bridge construction industry -- United States Search this; Engineering notebooks Search this; Docks Search this; Domestic and family life Search this; Architecture -- United States Search this; Architecture -- Washington (D.C.) Search this; Harlem River Bridge Search this; Western Maryland Railroad Search this; Annapolis Waterworks Search this; Steam engineering Search this; Harlem River Bridge Commission Search this; Washington (D.C.) -- 19th century Search this; Reservoirs Search this; Patents Search this

Genre/Form:: Photographs; Letterpress copybooks; Blueprints; Diaries; Drawings; Photographs -- 19th century; Cashbooks; Business records -- 19th century; Business letters; Notebooks; Topographic maps; Tax records; Technical drawings; Stock certificates; Technical literature; Photoengravings; Notes; Maps -- 19th century; Microfilms; Linen tracings; Letter books; Letters; Land titles; Legal documents; Sketches; Salted paper prints; Reports; Receipts; Plans (drawings); Photostats; Photographic prints; Architectural drawings; Administrative records; Albumen prints; Albums; Annual reports; Booklets; Account books -- 19th century; Books -- 19th century; Family papers -- 18th century; Financial records -- 19th century; Diaries -- 19th century; Drawings -- 19th century; Cyanotypes; Correspondence -- 19th-20th century; Deeds; Printed material; Correspondence; Contracts; Photograph albums; Specifications; Christmas cards; Menus

Citation:: William R. Hutton Papers, dates, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Identifier:: NMAH.AC.0987

See more items in:: William R. Hutton Papers

Archival Repository:: Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:: https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep84f6824ce-7291-4ac4-ab0f-abaa2071815e

EDAN-URL:: ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0987

Online Media:

Warshaw Collection of Business Americana Subject Categories: Schools

Creator:: Warshaw, Isadore, 1900-1969 Search this

Extent:: 11.39 Cubic feet (consisting of 25 boxes, 2 folders, 4 oversize folders, 1 map case folder, plus digital images of some collection material.)

Type:: Collection descriptions; Archival materials; Examinations (documents); Speeches; Catalogs; Trade catalogs; Reports; Sales records; Trade literature; Print advertising; Business cards; Programs; Training manuals; Invoices; Publications; Business records; Advertising cards; Advertising mail; Certificates; Business ephemera; Manuals; Sales letters; Awards; Dance cards; Business letters; Commercial correspondence; Ephemera; Illustrations; Photographs; Sermons; Letterheads; Advertising; Printed ephemera; Catalogues; Theater programs; Report cards; Receipts; Advertising fliers; Legal documents; Scrapbooks; Correspondence; Lesson books; Periodicals; School records

Date:: 1745-1973; bulk 1840-1930

Summary:: A New York bookseller, Warshaw assembled this collection over nearly fifty years. The Warshaw Collection of Business Americana: Accounting and Bookkeeping forms part of the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Subseries 1.1: Subject Categories. The Subject Categories subseries is divided into 470 subject categories based on those created by Mr. Warshaw. These subject categories include topical subjects, types or forms of material, people, organizations, historical events, and other categories. An overview to the entire Warshaw collection is available here: Warshaw Collection of Business Americana

Scope and Contents note:: Most materials present are records and information related to specific schools and institutions and their operations. There are no complete records for any single organization. K-12 public, private schools are represented, as well as colleges, universities, vocational training, plus home study, correspondence courses, Sunday Schools and some religious instruction. HBCUs are not represented, though there may be a general item or two related to one or more of the HBCU schools. There is a sampling of teaching and learning tools such as workbooks, textbooks, and curriculum guides, plus publications for educators. A portion of the material focuses on administration and the profession of education. Student Services and Engagement covers the social aspects of higher education.

Arrangement note:: Schools is arranged in two subseries.

Institutions

By Name

Administration and Records

Genre

Advertisements

Images

Instruction and Learning: Tools and Resources

Post Family Education Records

Serial Publications for Educators and Administrators

Forms Part Of:: Forms part of the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana.

Missing Title

Series 1: Business Ephemera

Series 2: Other Collection Divisions

Series 3: Isadore Warshaw Personal Papers

Series 4: Photographic Reference Material

Provenance:: Schools is a portion of the Business Ephemera Series of the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Accession AC0060 purchased from Isadore Warshaw in 1967. Warshaw continued to accumulate similar material until his death, which was donated in 1971 by his widow, Augusta. For a period after acquisition, related materials from other sources (of mixed provenance) were added to the collection so there may be content produced or published after Warshaw's death in 1969. This practice has since ceased.

Restrictions:: Some items may be restricted due to fragile condition.

Rights:: Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Occupation:: College administrators Search this; Educators Search this; Art teachers Search this

Topic:: Student activities Search this; Education, Higher Search this; Colleges Search this; College teachers Search this; Teachers -- 1940-1950 Search this; Fraternal organizations Search this; Musical productions Search this; Students Search this; Education Search this; Home economics -- Study and teaching Search this; Dance Search this; College graduates -- 1840-1860 Search this; Education, Elementary Search this; High schools -- Alumni and alumnae Search this; College students -- 1900-1910 Search this; Art Search this; Music Search this; Primers Search this; Vocational education Search this; Schools Search this; Teachers Search this; Mathematics Search this; Education -- 19th century Search this; Kindergarten Search this; Dances Search this; Classrooms Search this; Theater Search this; High school student activities Search this; Women -- Education Search this; Universities and colleges Search this; Lesson plans Search this; Students -- 1940-1950 Search this; Universities and colleges -- Administration Search this; Musical performances Search this; Education -- school buildings Search this; State universities and colleges Search this; Students -- 19th century Search this; Medical colleges -- Faculty Search this; Commencement ceremonies Search this; High school athletes Search this; Cooking Search this; Medical colleges Search this; Musicals Search this; Elementary schools Search this; Art -- Study and teaching Search this

Genre/Form:: Examinations (documents); Speeches; Catalogs; Trade catalogs; Reports; Sales records; Trade literature; Print advertising; Business cards; Programs -- Graduation ceremonies -- 1930-1940; Training manuals -- 20th century; Invoices; Publications; Business records; Advertising cards; Advertising mail; Certificates; Business ephemera; Manuals; Sales letters; Awards; Dance cards; Business letters; Commercial correspondence; Certificates -- School attendance -- 1930-1940 -- Illinois; Ephemera; Illustrations; Photographs; Sermons; Letterheads; Publications -- Business; Advertising; Printed ephemera; Catalogues; Theater programs; Report cards; Receipts; Advertising fliers; Legal documents; Scrapbooks; Correspondence; Lesson books; Periodicals; School records

Citation:: Warshaw Collection of Business Americana Subject Categories: Schools, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution

Sponsor:: Funding for partial processing of the collection was supported by a grant from the Smithsonian Institution's Collections Care and Preservation Fund (CCPF).

Identifier:: NMAH.AC.0060.S01.01.Schools

See more items in:: Warshaw Collection of Business Americana Subject Categories: Schools

Archival Repository:: Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:: https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8680d9cf8-955e-43fd-b70a-d3dd90a3f340

EDAN-URL:: ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0060-s01-01-schools

Online Media:

Jacques Seligmann & Co. records, 1904-1978, bulk 1913-1974

Creator:: Jacques Seligmann & Co. Search this

Subject:: Hauke, Cesar M. de (Cesar Mange) Search this; Glaenzer, Eugene Search this; Haardt, Georges Search this; Seligman, Germain Search this; Seligmann, Arnold Search this; Parker, Theresa D. Search this; Waegen, Rolf Hans Search this; Trevor, Clyfford Search this; Seligmann, René Search this; Seligmann, Jacques Search this; De Hauke & Co., Inc. Search this; Jacques Seligmann & Co Search this; Eugene Glaenzer & Co. Search this; Germain Seligmann & Co. Search this; Gersel Search this

Type:: Gallery records

Citation:: Jacques Seligmann & Co. records, 1904-1978, bulk 1913-1974. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.

Topic:: Mackay, Clarence Hungerford, 1874-1938 -- Art collections Search this; Schiff, Mortimer L. -- Art collections Search this; Arenberg, duc d' -- Art collections Search this; Liechtenstein, House of -- Art collections Search this; Art -- Collectors and collecting -- France -- Paris Search this; Art -- Collectors and collecting Search this; World War, 1939-1945 -- Art and the war Search this; La Fresnaye, Roger de, 1885-1925 Search this; Art, Renaissance Search this; Decorative arts Search this; Art treasures in war Search this; Art, European Search this

Theme:: Art Gallery Records Search this; Art Market Search this

Record number:: (DSI-AAA_CollID)9936; (DSI-AAA_SIRISBib)212486; AAA_collcode_jacqself

Theme:: Art Gallery Records; Art Market

Data Source:: Archives of American Art

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:AAADCD_coll_212486

1 Page(s) matching your search term, top most relevant are shown: View entire project in transcription center

Online Media:

"Recollection" in The Annual Register, Or a View of the History, Politics, and Literature, For the Year 1772

Edited by:: Unidentified Search this

Written by:: Phillis Wheatley Peters, American, ca. 1753 - 1784 Search this

Published by:: James Dodsley, English, 1724 - 1797 Search this

Medium:: ink on paper with leather and cardboard

Dimensions:: H x W x D: 8 1/4 × 5 1/2 × 1 9/16 in. (21 × 14 × 4 cm)

Type:: hardcover books

Place printed:: London, England, United Kingdom, Europe

Date:: 1773

Topic:: African American Search this; Literature Search this; Poetry Search this; Slavery Search this; Women Search this

Credit Line:: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture

Object number:: A2021.113.1.1

Restrictions & Rights:: Public domain; Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.

See more items in:: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Collection title:: Phillis Wheatley Peters Collection

Classification:: Documents and Published Materials-Published Works

Movement:: Anti-slavery movements; Abolitionist movement

Data Source:: National Museum of African American History and Culture

GUID:: http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd50425d2f7-b60f-4396-a797-15582ac98789

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:nmaahc_A2021.113.1.1

9 Page(s) matching your search term, top most relevant are shown: View entire project in transcription center

Online Media:

Poems on Comic, Serious and Moral Subjects by Phillis Wheatley, Negro Servant to Mr. John Wheatley, of Boston, in New-England

Written by:: Phillis Wheatley Peters, American, ca. 1753 - 1784 Search this

Published by:: J. French Search this

Illustrated by:: Scipio Moorhead, ca. 1750 - unknown Search this

Medium:: ink on paper with leather and cardboard

Dimensions:: H x W x D: 7 3/16 × 4 7/16 × 1/2 in. (18.2 × 11.2 × 1.2 cm)

Type:: hardcover books

Place printed:: London, England, United Kingdom, Europe

Date:: 1787

Topic:: African American Search this; Literature Search this; Poetry Search this; Slavery Search this; Women Search this

Credit Line:: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture

Object number:: A2021.113.1.7

Restrictions & Rights:: Public domain; Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.

See more items in:: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Collection title:: Phillis Wheatley Peters Collection

Classification:: Documents and Published Materials-Published Works

Movement:: Anti-slavery movements; Abolitionist movement

Data Source:: National Museum of African American History and Culture

GUID:: http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd5b0367f7b-a2b6-42a0-847e-389d6ca65639

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:nmaahc_A2021.113.1.7

3 Page(s) matching your search term, top most relevant are shown: View entire project in transcription center

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Abbott's Monthly Vol. II No. 5

Created by:: Abbott's Monthly, American, 1929 - 1933 Search this

Published by:: Robert Sengstacke Abbott, American, 1830 - 1940 Search this

Edited by:: Lucius Clinton Harper, American, 1895 - 1952 Search this

Medium:: ink on paper

Dimensions:: H x W x D: 11 3/8 x 8 9/16 x 1/4 in. (28.9 x 21.7 x 0.6 cm)

Type:: magazines (periodicals)

Place made:: 3435 Indiana Avenue, Chicago, Cook County, Illinois, United States, North and Central America

Place depicted:: Uruguay, Latin America, South America

Date:: May 1931

Topic:: African American Search this; Black Press Search this; Literature Search this; Mass media Search this

Credit Line:: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, Gift of Bobbie Ross in memory of Elizabeth Dillard

Object number:: 2012.84.1

Restrictions & Rights:: Public domain; Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.

See more items in:: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification:: Documents and Published Materials-Published Works

Data Source:: National Museum of African American History and Culture

GUID:: http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd58f7ecbd1-e6d0-4323-9d05-7542750216f8

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:nmaahc_2012.84.1

1 Page(s) matching your search term, top most relevant are shown: View entire project in transcription center

The Crisis, Vol. 16, No. 2

Edited by:: W.E.B. Du Bois, American, 1868 - 1963 Search this

Subject of:: The Crisis, American, founded 1910 Search this; National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, American, founded 1909 Search this; Judge Robert Herberton Terrell, American, 1857 - 1925 Search this; Gen. Charles Clarendon Ballou, American, 1862 - 1928 Search this

Attributed to:: Robert Edmond Jones, American, 1887 - 1954 Search this

Written by:: Brigadier General Charles Young, American, 1864 - 1922 Search this; Newton D. Baker, American, 1871 - 1937 Search this; Joseph Seamon Cotter Sr., American, 1861 - 1949 Search this; Fenton Johnson, American, 1888 - 1958 Search this

Medium:: ink on paper with metal

Dimensions:: H x W: 9 5/8 × 6 7/8 in. (24.4 × 17.5 cm); H x W (Open): 9 5/8 × 13 5/8 in. (24.4 × 34.6 cm)

Type:: magazines (periodicals)

Place printed:: New York City, New York, United States, North and Central America

Place depicted:: France, Europe; Wilson, Wilson County, North Carolina, United States, North and Central America

Date:: June 1918

Topic:: African American Search this; Advertising Search this; Associations and institutions Search this; Black Press Search this; Business Search this; Civil Rights Search this; Education Search this; Law Search this; Literature Search this; Lynching Search this; Mass media Search this; Military Search this; Poetry Search this; Race relations Search this; Social life and customs Search this; Social reform Search this; U.S. History, 1865-1921 Search this; World War I Search this

Credit Line:: Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture

Object number:: 2015.97.15.7

Restrictions & Rights:: Public domain; Proper usage is the responsibility of the user.

See more items in:: National Museum of African American History and Culture Collection

Classification:: Documents and Published Materials-Published Works

Movement:: Anti-Lynching Movement

Data Source:: National Museum of African American History and Culture

GUID:: http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/fd594d085cb-13bb-4cb3-8d84-fd4e0fd53db0

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:nmaahc_2015.97.15.7

1 Page(s) matching your search term, top most relevant are shown: View entire project in transcription center

Palm Leaf Manuscript, Siam Prayers & Sermons 163

Collector:: Rev. S. J. Smith Search this

Donor Name:: Gen. John A. Halderman Search this

Object Type:: Manuscript

Place:: Thailand, Asia

Accession Date:: 17 Mar 1938

Topic:: Ethnology Search this

Accession Number:: 147175

USNM Number:: E165535-0

See more items in:: Anthropology

Data Source:: NMNH - Anthropology Dept.

GUID:: http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3879dbe25-3fa1-4748-89b6-fe72b1eeae00

EDAN-URL:: edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8346160

Online Media:

No Image Available

Dominican Republic: St. Peter's Church- Sermon, Testimonials, Hymns for Watchnight Celebration

Creator:: Smithsonian Institution. Festival of American Folklife. Caribbean Program 1989 Washington, D.C. Search this; Davis, Martha Ellen (field worker) Search this

Collection Creator:: Smithsonian Institution. Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage Search this

Extent:: 1 Sound cassette (analog.)

Culture:: Dominican Search this; Afro-Caribbean Search this

Type:: Archival materials; Sound cassettes

Place:: Dominican Republic

Contents:: Dominican Fieldwork

Local Numbers:: FP-1989-CT-0019-5

Date/Time and Place of an Event Note:: Recorded in: Dominican Republic, December 31, 1988.

Restrictions:: Restrictions on access. Some duplication is allowed. Use of materials needs permission of the Smithsonian Institution.

Collection Rights:: Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from the Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections. Please visit our website to learn more about submitting a request. The Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections make no guarantees concerning copyright or other intellectual property restrictions. Other usage conditions may apply; please see the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for more information.

Topic:: sermons Search this; Religion Search this; Christianity Search this; Protestantism Search this; Church buildings Search this

Collection Citation:: Smithsonian Folklife Festival records: 1989 Festival of American Folklife, Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:: CFCH.SFF.1989, Item FP-1989-CT-0019-5

See more items in:: Smithsonian Folklife Festival records: 1989 Festival of American Folklife; Smithsonian Folklife Festival records: 1989 Festival of American Folklife / Series 3: The Caribbean: Cultural Encounters in the New World

Archival Repository:: Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections

GUID:: https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/bk55ae94d68-d936-405f-84f7-6e78b3d4eda4

EDAN-URL:: ead_component:sova-cfch-sff-1989-ref1022

No Image Available

Dominican Republic: St. Peter's Church- Sermon, Testimonials, Hymns for Watchnight Celebration

Collection Creator:: Smithsonian Institution. Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage Search this

Extent:: 1 Sound recording (compact audio cassette)

Type:: Archival materials; Sound recordings

Date:: 1988 December 31

Collection Restrictions:: Access to the Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections is by appointment only. Visit our website for more information on scheduling a visit or making a digitization request. Researchers interested in accessing born-digital records or audiovisual recordings in this collection must use access copies.

Collection Rights:: Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from the Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections. Please visit our website to learn more about submitting a request. The Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections make no guarantees concerning copyright or other intellectual property restrictions. Other usage conditions may apply; please see the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for more information.

Collection Citation:: Smithsonian Folklife Festival records: 1989 Festival of American Folklife, Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:: CFCH.SFF.1989, Item FP-1989-CT-0019

See more items in:: Smithsonian Folklife Festival records: 1989 Festival of American Folklife; Smithsonian Folklife Festival records: 1989 Festival of American Folklife / Series 3: The Caribbean: Cultural Encounters in the New World / Fieldwork

Archival Repository:: Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections

GUID:: https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/bk5d82af654-d4ae-4555-8c4a-52ae29241bf8

EDAN-URL:: ead_component:sova-cfch-sff-1989-ref893

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Palm Leaf Manuscript, Siam Prayers & Sermons 163

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Dominican Republic: St. Peter's Church- Sermon, Testimonials, Hymns for Watchnight Celebration

Dominican Republic: St. Peter's Church- Sermon, Testimonials, Hymns for Watchnight Celebration

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