Second and Third Ecuador Expeditions photograph collection
Creator:
Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation Search this
Photographer:
Pepper, George H. (George Hubbard), 1873-1924 Search this
Saville, Foster H. (Foster Harmon), 1874-1942 Search this
Saville, Marshall H. (Marshall Howard), 1867-1935 Search this
Extent:
398 Negatives (photographic)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Negatives (photographic)
Place:
Manabí (Ecuador)
Ecuador
Date:
1907-1908
Summary:
Photographic negatives made by George Pepper, Marshall Saville and Foster Saville during the second and third Ecuador expeditions in 1907 and 1908. The expeditions were sponsored by George Gustav Heye and included archaeological work in the Manabi and Esmereldas provinces in Ecuador.
Scope and Contents:
This collection includes negatives made in the Manabi and Esmereldas provinces of Ecuador during the second and third Ecuador Expeditions sponsored by George Gustav Heye. The photographs were shot by George Hubbard Pepper, Foster H. Saville and Marshall H. Saville. The majority of the photographs are from the Manabi Province and include images from Cerro Jaboncillo, Cerro de Hojas, Manta, La Secita and Monte Christi. The photographs from Esmereldas includes images from Isla de la Tola, La Tolita and Tonsupa. Many of the photographs document the excavation work that was conducted. This includes images of excavation sites and archaeological objects, local workers hired for the expedition as well as landscape views and street scenes in the various expedition locations in Ecuador. Additionally, many of Foster Savilles's photographs in Monte Christi and Manta show local happenings such as the procession of Fiesta de San Pablo, fishermen drawing nets and women bathing on the beach. There are several photographs that feature George Pepper and Marshall Saville in the field. The negatives were likely shot on both glass plate and nitrate. There are 75 glass plate negatives, made by George Pepper, that are still in the collection. The remainder of the negatives which were likely shot on nitrate are now on acetate film, copied during the 1960s photograph conservation project at the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation.
This collection includes negatives with the following catalog numbers: N00001-N00074, N00170-N00171, N00178, N00221, N00798-N01112, N01453-N01457
N00170 - N00171 ; N00178 ; N00221 are the only photographs from the Third Ecuador Expedition, the rest are from the Second.
Arrangement:
Arranged by catalog number.
Biographical / Historical:
The Second and Third Ecuador expeditions were sponsored by George Gustav Heye and conducted during the summers of 1907 and 1908. These followed an initial archaeological investigation on the coast of Ecuador in 1906, later called the First Ecuador Expedition. Marshall H. Saville, George Hubbard Pepper and Foster H. Saville arrived in Manabi, Ecuador in the middle of June, 1907 and the expedition remained there until October. The work centered mainly around the Cerro Jaboncillo and Cerro de Hojas hills where excavations of house-sites and mounds were conducted. Following this work in Manabi, George Pepper and Foster Saville traveled to the hills south of Mone Cristi and Marshall Saville proceeded to the Esmeraldas coast with Louis W. Niendorff conducting excavations through the first of November. In 1908 Marshall Saville returned to Ecuador with George D. Hedian, revisiting sites in Manabi and making several trips into the mountainous region south of Manta as well as Bahia de Caraques. Over the course of these two trips more than 3000 archaeological items were collected and brought back to New York as part of the Heye collection, eventually becoming part of the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation. For more information see "The Antiquities of Manabi, Ecuador; Final Report" by Marshall H. Saville in Contributions to South American Archaeology, Volume 2, 1910.
Related Materials:
A small amount of field notes from George Pepper can be found in the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation records, NMAI.AC.001, (Box 189, Folder 3). Additional Pepper field notes can be found in his collection at Tulane University.
Provenance:
Sent to the Heye Museum, later the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, by George Pepper, Marshall Savillle and Foster Saville, along with other excavation materials in 1907 and 1908.
Restrictions:
Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Thursday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu). Photographs with burials, human remains or any other cultural sensitivity are restricted.
Rights:
Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited users to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not changed, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian.
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Second and Third Ecuador Expeditions photograph collection, Item Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Saville, Marshall H. (Marshall Howard), 1867-1935 Search this
Pepper, George H. (George Hubbard), 1873-1924 Search this
Saville, Foster H. (Foster Harmon), 1874-1942 Search this
Extent:
526 Negatives (photographic) (526 glass plate negatives, black and white)
51 Photographic prints (black and white)
2 Lantern slides (black and white, color)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Negatives (photographic)
Photographic prints
Lantern slides
Place:
Honduras -- Archeology
Sigsig (Ecuador : Canton)
Jamaica -- Archeology
Costa Rica -- Archeology
East Hampton (N.Y.)
Cuba -- archeology
Belize
Mexico -- Archeology
Guatemala
Colombia
Panama -- archeology
Date:
1901-1922
bulk 1907-1918
Summary:
Photographs and glass plate negatives documenting the various archaeological expeditions of all three Savilles. The bulk of the images concern the activities headed by Marshall Saville (and assisted by Foster and Randolph) in both South and Central America. Included to a lesser degree are the explorations of Foster in North America and Randolph in the Caribbean, South and Central America. Images document archaeological digs, their settings, the peoples encountered, as well as the objects found. The dates of the images found in this collection and taken by the various Savilles during their numerous expeditions are as follows (the photographer(s) attributed to photographs taken during a specific expedition is/are listed in parentheses following the country of the specific expedition) : 1891: Honduras (Marshall), 1900-1902: Mexico (Marshall), 1907: Cuba (Marshall), 1907: Ecuador (Marshall, Foster, Randolph), 1915: Honduras (Marshall), 1915: Cuba, Jamaica, Belize, Honduras, Guatemala (Randolph), 1914-1916: Ecuador, Colombia, Costa Rica, Panama, Jamaica (Marshall, Foster, Randolph), 1918: Pantigo site, Easthampton, Long Island, New York (Foster), 1922: Photographic portrait of Marshall
Arrangement note:
negatives: organized in boxes; arranged numerically by image number
prints: organized in folders; arranged numerically by image number
Biographical/Historical note:
American archaeologist Marshall H. Saville (1867-1935), after having studied anthropology at Harvard, began his work in Mesoamerica and Central America under the auspice of the Peabody and its director and his mentor, Frederic W. Putnam, who acted concurrently as the director of the American Museum of Natural History. He became the first curator of the Mexican and Central American Archaeology at the American Museum of Natural History. He started conducting archaeological excavations and fieldwork in Mitla, Xoxocotlán, Monte Albán (Oaxaca); Xochicalco, (Morelos) in Mexico from 1897 to 1904, excavating at sites such as Xoxocotlán in the Mexican state of Oaxaca and at the San Lorenzo Olmec site. He made substantive contributions to the knowledge regarding Aztec, Maya and Olmec cultures. In 1903, Saville joined the faculty at Columbia University for which he worked until his retirement in 1932. With the patronage and participation of George G. Heye, he headed various digs in Ecuador starting in 1907, focusing particularly on cultures in the Manabi and Sigsig provinces. Among those accompanying him in this investigation in Ecuador were George G. Pepper of the Museum of the American Indian in New York, his brother Foster H. Saville (1874-1942), whose personal work concentrated on the North American Woodlands cultures of Long Island (Pantigo) and the Northeast Coast (Connecticut and Rhode Island). His son Randolph M.(H.?) Saville also accompanied them. From 1915-1918, Marshall (and Randolph) explored and excavated in Central America (Panama, Belize, Costa Rica, Honduras, Guatemala), Cuba and in South America (Ecuador, Colombia). Both Marshall (1918-1932) and Foster Saville were eventually employed as MAI staff.
Restrictions:
Researchers must contact the NMAI Archives for an appointment to access the collection
The Saville negatives consists primarily of images of Manabi Province, Ecuador, circa 1907; also includes images of the Pantigo burial site, Easthampton, Long Island, NY, circa 1918.
Scope and Contents:
The Saville collection consists of negatives made by Saville on behalf of the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation. The 1907 negatives were made in Ecuador, primarily in Manabi Province; they depict landscapes and cityscapes, Native dwellings, and Native peoples fishing, participating in processions, and at market. The 1918 negatives depict the archaeological excavations at the Montauk burial site at Pantigo near Easthampton, Long Island, New York.
Arrangement note:
Arranged by negative number (N00902-N01002, N05071-N05098)
Biographical/Historical note:
Dr. Foster H. Saville (1874 - 1942) was an anthropologist for the Heye Foundation who performed field work in Ecuador. He also directed an excavation of the Montauk burial site at Pantigo near Easthampton, Long Island for the Museum of the American Indian in 1918. 1874 - 1942. Brother of Marshall H. Saville; son of Mrs. Mary M. Saville; uncle to Randolph H. and Winthrop L. Saville.
Biographical / Historical:
Foster H. Saville was an anthropologist who performed fieldwork in Ecuador for the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation. In 1918, he directed the Museum's excavation of the Montauk burial site at Pantigo near East Hampton, Long Island, New York.
Provenance:
Historically, the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation managed all photographic and related manuscript collections separately. This collection description represents current management practices of organizing and contextualizing related archival materials.
Restrictions:
Access is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment.
Rights:
Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not modified in any way, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian.
Restricted: Cultural Sensitivity
Topic:
Excavations (Archaeology) -- New York (State) -- East Hampton -- Photographs Search this
Montauk Indians -- Antiquities -- Photographs Search this
Indians of South America -- Ecuador -- Manabí -- Photographs Search this
Genre/Form:
Negatives
Citation:
Foster H. Saville collection of negatives, 1907, 1918, National Museum of the American Indian Archives, Smithsonian Institution (negative number).
