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X-Ray Exposure Calculator

Physical Description:
plastic (overall material)
Measurements:
overall: 17.7 cm x 6.9 cm x .3 cm; 6 31/32 in x 2 23/32 in x 1/8 in
Object Name:
Computer
computer
Date made:
ca 1949
Credit Line:
Gift of the American College of Radiology
ID Number:
1978.0435.151
Catalog number:
1978.0435.151
Accession number:
1978.0435
Collector/donor number:
489
See more items in:
Medicine and Science: Medicine
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b2-6e3e-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1826524

The life of Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, discoverer of the X ray by W. Robert Nitske

Author:
Nitske, W. Robert  Search this
Physical description:
xi, 355 p illustrations, facsimiles, genealogical table, map (on lining paper), ports 24 cm
Type:
Books
Biography
Biographies (form)
Biographies
collective biographies
Date:
1971
Topic:
Radiology--history  Search this
33.01 history of physics  Search this
33.43 radioactivity, electromagnetic transitions  Search this
Natuurkundigen  Search this
Straling  Search this
Call number:
QC16.R47 N55X
QC16.R47N55X
Data Source:
Smithsonian Libraries
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:siris_sil_7533

Geissler Tube

Measurements:
overall: 1 in x 12 in x 1 1/4 in; 2.54 cm x 30.48 cm x 3.175 cm
Object Name:
tube, geissler
tube, Geissler
tube, x-ray
Credit Line:
Gift of the American College of Radiology
ID Number:
1978.0435.039
Accession number:
1978.0435
Catalog number:
1978.0435.039
See more items in:
Medicine and Science: Medicine
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b2-d914-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1762625
Online Media:

Valve Tube

Measurements:
overall: 3 3/4 in x 17 1/4 in x 16 in; 9.525 cm x 43.815 cm x 40.64 cm
Object Name:
valve tube
Credit Line:
Gift of the American College of Radiology
ID Number:
1978.0435.061
Accession number:
1978.0435
Catalog number:
1978.0435.061
Collector/donor number:
2982
See more items in:
Medicine and Science: Medicine
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b2-5699-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1762656
Online Media:

Light Bulb

Measurements:
overall: 5 in x 2 3/4 in; 12.7 cm x 6.985 cm
Object Name:
light bulb
Credit Line:
Gift of the American College of Radiology
ID Number:
1978.0435.053
Accession number:
1978.0435
Catalog number:
1978.0435.053
See more items in:
Medicine and Science: Medicine
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b2-569b-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1762659
Online Media:

Geissler Tube

Measurements:
overall: 1 in x 1 1/2 in x 10 in; 2.54 cm x 3.81 cm x 25.4 cm
Object Name:
tube, geissler
tube, x-ray
tube,
tube, geisler
Credit Line:
Gift of the American College of Radiology
ID Number:
1978.0435.051
Accession number:
1978.0435
Catalog number:
1978.0435.051
Collector/donor number:
71
See more items in:
Medicine and Science: Medicine
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b2-feea-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1762660
Online Media:

Geissler Tube

Measurements:
overall: 1 in x 1 1/2 in x 10 in; 2.54 cm x 3.81 cm x 25.4 cm
Object Name:
tube, geissler
tube, x-ray
tube, geisler
tube, Geissler
Credit Line:
Gift of the American College of Radiology
ID Number:
1978.0435.050
Accession number:
1978.0435
Catalog number:
1978.0435.050
Collector/donor number:
70
See more items in:
Medicine and Science: Medicine
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b2-5c8f-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1762661
Online Media:

Geissler Tube

Measurements:
overall: 29.5 cm x 2.5 cm; 11 5/8 in x 31/32 in
Object Name:
tube, geissler
Geisler tube
tube, Geisler
tube, glass
Credit Line:
Gift of the American College of Radiology
ID Number:
1978.0435.029
Collector/donor number:
73
Accession number:
1978.0435
Catalog number:
1978.0435.029
See more items in:
Medicine and Science: Medicine
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b2-c9bd-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1826159

X-Ray Tube

Maker:
Machlett Laboratories, Inc.  Search this
Measurements:
overall: 7 1/4 in x 10 1/2 in x 21 in; 18.415 cm x 26.67 cm x 53.34 cm
Object Name:
tube, x-ray
Credit Line:
Gift of the American College of Radiology
ID Number:
1978.0435.045
Collector/donor number:
2252
Accession number:
1978.0435
Catalog number:
1978.0435.045
See more items in:
Medicine and Science: Medicine
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b2-b54e-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1826163

X-Ray Exposure Calculator

Maker:
Eastman Kodak Company  Search this
Measurements:
overall: 13.1 cm x 6.2 cm x .2 cm; 5 5/32 in x 2 7/16 in x 3/32 in
Object Name:
calculator
Date made:
ca 1918
Credit Line:
Gift of the American College of Radiology
ID Number:
1978.0435.149
Catalog number:
1978.0435.149
Accession number:
1978.0435
Collector/donor number:
5
See more items in:
Medicine and Science: Medicine
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b3-2aee-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1826496

X-Ray Exposure Calculator

Maker:
Ansco  Search this
Measurements:
overall: 24.5 cm x 6.7 cm; 9 21/32 in x 2 5/8 in
Object Name:
calculator
calculator, exposure
Place made:
United States: New York, Binghamton
Credit Line:
Gift of the American College of Radiology
ID Number:
1978.0435.152
Catalog number:
1978.0435.152
Accession number:
1978.0435
Collector/donor number:
490
See more items in:
Medicine and Science: Medicine
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b2-7185-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1826498

X-Ray Exposure Calculator

Maker:
Ansco  Search this
Measurements:
overall: 17.8 cm x 7.5 cm; 7 in x 2 15/16 in
Object Name:
calculator, exposure
Place made:
United States: New York, Binghamton
Date made:
ca 1950
Credit Line:
Gift of the American College of Radiology
ID Number:
1978.0435.153
Catalog number:
1978.0435.153
Accession number:
1978.0435
Collector/donor number:
491
See more items in:
Medicine and Science: Medicine
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b2-7187-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_1826500

Jacques Seligmann & Co. records, 1904-1978, bulk 1913-1974

Creator:
Jacques Seligmann & Co.  Search this
Subject:
Hauke, Cesar M. de (Cesar Mange)  Search this
Glaenzer, Eugene  Search this
Haardt, Georges  Search this
Seligman, Germain  Search this
Seligmann, Arnold  Search this
Parker, Theresa D.  Search this
Waegen, Rolf Hans  Search this
Trevor, Clyfford  Search this
Seligmann, RenĆ©  Search this
Seligmann, Jacques  Search this
De Hauke & Co., Inc.  Search this
Jacques Seligmann & Co  Search this
Eugene Glaenzer & Co.  Search this
Germain Seligmann & Co.  Search this
Gersel  Search this
Type:
Gallery records
Citation:
Jacques Seligmann & Co. records, 1904-1978, bulk 1913-1974. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Topic:
Mackay, Clarence Hungerford, 1874-1938 -- Art collections  Search this
Schiff, Mortimer L. -- Art collections  Search this
Arenberg, duc d' -- Art collections  Search this
Liechtenstein, House of -- Art collections  Search this
Art -- Collectors and collecting -- France -- Paris  Search this
Art -- Collectors and collecting  Search this
World War, 1939-1945 -- Art and the war  Search this
La Fresnaye, Roger de, 1885-1925  Search this
Art, Renaissance  Search this
Decorative arts  Search this
Art treasures in war  Search this
Art, European  Search this
Theme:
Art Gallery Records  Search this
Art Market  Search this
Record number:
(DSI-AAA_CollID)9936
(DSI-AAA_SIRISBib)212486
AAA_collcode_jacqself
Theme:
Art Gallery Records
Art Market
Data Source:
Archives of American Art
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:AAADCD_coll_212486
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  • View Jacques Seligmann & Co. records, 1904-1978, bulk 1913-1974 digital asset number 1
Online Media:

International Co-F

Designer:
Henry Dreyfuss , American, 1904–1972  Search this
Medium:
B&W Printed Material
Type:
archive
Archive folder
Object Name:
Archive folder
Date:
1969-1970
Credit Line:
Henry Dreyfuss Archive, gift of Various Donors
Accession Number:
Dreyfuss Symbol Sourcebook Working Papers Folder 048
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum Collection
Archives Department
Data Source:
Cooper Hewitt, Smithsonian Design Museum
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kq435bb0673-dab4-42a0-97db-7d304082d25d
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:chndm_Dreyfuss_Symbol_Sourcebook_Working_Papers_Folder_048

Coolidge X-Ray Tube

Maker:
General Electric Company  Search this
Physical Description:
glass; metal (overall material)
Measurements:
overall: 6 in x 21 1/2 in; 15.24 cm x 54.61 cm
Object Name:
x-ray tube
tube, x-ray
Other Terms:
Medicine
Date made:
ca 1918
Credit Line:
Gift of the University of Maryland, University Hospital, Department of Radiology
ID Number:
MG.M-08013
Catalog number:
M-08013
Accession number:
223481
See more items in:
Medicine and Science: Medicine
Health & Medicine
Modern Medicine and the Great War
Data Source:
National Museum of American History
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a5-5f5a-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmah_728012
Online Media:

James A. E. Halkett Papers and Sigmund A. Wesolowski, M.D. Papers

Creator:
Halkett, James A. E. (physicist)  Search this
Wesolowski, Sigmund A.  Search this
Names:
Massachusetts Institute of Technology  Search this
Former owner:
National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Medical Sciences  Search this
Extent:
11 Cubic feet (29 boxes, 1 map folder)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Diaries
Manuscripts
Laboratory notebooks
Lecture notes
Masters theses
Reprints
Theses
Date:
1922-2010
Scope and Contents note:
Halkett and Wesolow(ski) materials show the process of technological innovation through laboratory protocols. They also demonstrate the various alternatives explored in the search for effective artificial circulation by using materials which would not damage or clot blood and that could be sterilized. The evolution of the pumping mechanism and power source, the design and materials of the pump itself, and a series of catheters (cannulae) or varying shapes and materials are described as a workable solution is found. Secondly, diversity of techniques developed to solve the problems of artificial circulation and their contributions to that work are documented.

The 2018 addenda documents the life and career of physicist James A.E. Halkett. It includes papers relating to his education, his U.S. Navy service, his work with various employers, and his research in various fields including radio, metallurgy, ordnance, and radioactivity. Some of the papers relate to his work with General Electric in developing the proximity fuse. The papers include correspondence and notes, including lab notes, graphs and charts; reports; drawings; photographs; training and operational manuals; bibliographic card files; journals, conference materials and other publications; and miscellany.
Arrangement:
The collection is organized into three series with subseries.

Series 1: James A. E. Halkett Papers, 1922-2010

Subseries 1.1: Personal, 1938-1966

Subseries 1.1.1: Wooster College, 1938-1942

Subseries 1.1.2: Henry Ford Trade School, 1941

Subseries 1.1.3: Non-Degree Granting Courses, 1943-1944

Subseries 1.1.4: Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1940-1966

Subseries 1.1.5: Tufts University, 1948-1949

Subseries 1.1.6: Johns Hopkins University, 1949-1954

Subseries 1.1.7: Boston University (PhD Candidate), 1960-1964

Subseries 1.2: Career, 1922-2010

Subseries 1.2.1: A.S. Campbell, 1942

Subseries 1.2.2: General Electric, 1944

Subseries 1.2.3: U.S. Navy, 1940-1946

Subseries 1.2.4: Boston Veterans Administration Hospital, 1940-1973

Subseries 1.2.5: Boston University (Lecturer), 1957-1961

Subseries 1.2.6: Professional Associations, 1950-1974

Subseries 1.2.7: Reprints and Reprint Requests, 1922-2010

Subseries 1.3: Index Cards, circa 1930s-1950s

Subseries 1.4: Lantern Slides, circa 1940s-1960s

Subseries 1.4.1: Mechanical Cardiac Pump, 1949-1950

Subseries 1.4.2: Leukemia in Mice, circa 1960s

Subseries 1.4.3: Experiments, circa 1950s

Subseries 1.4.4: Civil Defense and Medical and Health Services, circa 1950s

Subseries 1.4.5: Effects of the Atomic Bomb, circa 1945

Series 2: H.J. Sugarman Papers, 1950-1951

Series 3: Sigmund A. Wesolowski (Adam Wesolow) Papers, 1951
Biographical/Historical note:
James Alexander Elder Halkett was born in 1920 in Scotland to inventor James Nicol Halkett, and Edith Victoria Elder. At age three, Halkett immigrated to the United States with his family. He attended Wooster College from 1938-1942 and graduated as the first student at the university to triple major in math, chemistry, and physics. Upon graduating from Wooster College, Halkett worked for the companies A.S. Campbell and General Electric before becoming a U.S. citizen in 1944 and immediately joining the U.S. Navy. During his time in the Navy, Halkett completed the intensive Electronics Training Program and attended the Pre-Radio School, Bliss Electrical School, and the Radio Materiel School. Halkett was stationed in Panama and served as a radio technician until 1946.

After discharge from the Navy in 1946, Halkett attended Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) from 1946-1948 and earned his master's degree with his thesis titled "An Artificial Heart." At MIT he began to develop the early extracorporeal mechanical heart alongside his colleague Bill Sewell, which in 1948 became the first mechanical heart to successfully bypass the left side of a cat's heart. This work was continued at Tufts University from 1949-1950 alongside Dr. Sigmund A. Wesolowski, M.D. (now named Adam Wesolow), with the pair further modifying the cardiac pump which resulted in the long-term survival of animals after bypass surgery. Neither Halkett nor Wesolowski went on to develop this technology for trials with human subjects.

Halkett completed a predoctoral fellowship at Johns Hopkins University from 1950-1952, where he expanded his interest in tissue culture and biophysics. Following his time at Johns Hopkins, he served as a Senior Biologist in the field of Radioisotopes at the Boston Veterans Administration Hospital until 1974. At the hospital, he conducted research on radiology, leukemia, and nuclear medicine. He also served as the hospital's Chief of Research in Animal Medicine, Science, and Technology (RILAMSAT) from 1968 to 1972. While working at the Boston Veterans Administration Hospital, Halkett earned his Doctor of Philosophy from Boston University in 1964, where he was also a lecturer. Halkett died in 2015 at the age of 94.

Sigmund Adam Weslowski (1921-1993) was born in Massachusetts and attended Harvard University before servng as a midshipman in the Naval Reserve during World War II and later as a captain during the Korean War in the Army Medical Corps. He received a medical degree from Tufts College of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts and spent one year at Guy's Hospital in London under Lord Russell-Brock where he specialized in thoracic surgery. Wesolowski was Professor of Surgery at the State University of New York Downstate Medical Center in Brooklyn. In the 1980s' he was chief thoracic surgeon at the Veterans Administration Medical Center in Togus, Maine. Wesolowski helped devise a heart pump in the early days of open-heart surgery at Tufts University from 1949-1950 alongside Dr. James A.E. Halkett. The pair further modified the cardiac pump which resulted in the long-term survival of animals after bypass surgery.
Related Materials:
Objects related to this collection (See accession 1985.0101.01–1985.0101.67) are located in the Division of Medicine and Science at the National Museum of American History. The objects relate to Halkett and Wesolow's early mechanical heart, and include valves, valve holders, valve chambers, pumps, pump parts,tubing, stroke chamber stoppers, reservoirs, cannulae, and cam systems.
Provenance:
Collection donated by James A. E. Halkett and Adam Wesolow (Sigmund A. Wesolowski), May 6, 1985.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Occupation:
Surgeons  Search this
Topic:
Atomic bomb  Search this
Biophysics  Search this
Cancer  Search this
Civil defense  Search this
Experiments  Search this
Heart, Artificial  Search this
Heart pump  Search this
Heart -- Surgery  Search this
Leukemia in animals  Search this
Medical Equipment  Search this
Medical radiology  Search this
Medical sciences  Search this
Patents  Search this
Radioactivity  Search this
Radiation  Search this
Radiology  Search this
United States. Navy  Search this
Genre/Form:
Diaries -- 20th century
Manuscripts
Laboratory notebooks
Lecture notes
Masters theses
Reprints
Theses
Citation:
James A. E. Halkett and Sigmund A. Wesolowski, M.D. Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0220
See more items in:
James A. E. Halkett Papers and Sigmund A. Wesolowski, M.D. Papers
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8e06d38ad-f900-477d-b16d-136628aec5f8
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0220
Online Media:

Radiological Defense Staff Organization Chart

Collection Creator:
Halkett, James A. E. (physicist)  Search this
Wesolowski, Sigmund A.  Search this
Container:
Box 28, Item 42
Type:
Archival materials
Slides
Date:
undated
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
James A. E. Halkett and Sigmund A. Wesolowski, M.D. Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
See more items in:
James A. E. Halkett Papers and Sigmund A. Wesolowski, M.D. Papers
James A. E. Halkett Papers and Sigmund A. Wesolowski, M.D. Papers / Series 1: James A.E. Halkett Papers / 1.3: Lantern Slides / 1.3.4: Civil Defense and Medical and Health Services
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8ded84237-6408-4f88-960f-1bdb102db765
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0220-ref1315

Organization of Radiological Defense Forces

Collection Creator:
Halkett, James A. E. (physicist)  Search this
Wesolowski, Sigmund A.  Search this
Container:
Box 28, Item 46
Type:
Archival materials
Slides
Date:
undated
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
James A. E. Halkett and Sigmund A. Wesolowski, M.D. Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
See more items in:
James A. E. Halkett Papers and Sigmund A. Wesolowski, M.D. Papers
James A. E. Halkett Papers and Sigmund A. Wesolowski, M.D. Papers / Series 1: James A.E. Halkett Papers / 1.3: Lantern Slides / 1.3.4: Civil Defense and Medical and Health Services
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep83352a46d-def2-4ab7-8e15-5ef0591e0420
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0220-ref1319

Proposed Organization for Radiological Defense Division Office of Civil Defense

Collection Creator:
Halkett, James A. E. (physicist)  Search this
Wesolowski, Sigmund A.  Search this
Container:
Box 28, Item 47
Type:
Archival materials
Slides
Date:
undated
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
James A. E. Halkett and Sigmund A. Wesolowski, M.D. Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
See more items in:
James A. E. Halkett Papers and Sigmund A. Wesolowski, M.D. Papers
James A. E. Halkett Papers and Sigmund A. Wesolowski, M.D. Papers / Series 1: James A.E. Halkett Papers / 1.3: Lantern Slides / 1.3.4: Civil Defense and Medical and Health Services
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8f08e6610-380b-4237-91ff-a61259a0531c
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0220-ref1320

Radiological Defense

Collection Creator:
Halkett, James A. E. (physicist)  Search this
Wesolowski, Sigmund A.  Search this
Container:
Box 28, Item 54
Type:
Archival materials
Slides
Date:
undated
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
James A. E. Halkett and Sigmund A. Wesolowski, M.D. Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
See more items in:
James A. E. Halkett Papers and Sigmund A. Wesolowski, M.D. Papers
James A. E. Halkett Papers and Sigmund A. Wesolowski, M.D. Papers / Series 1: James A.E. Halkett Papers / 1.3: Lantern Slides / 1.3.4: Civil Defense and Medical and Health Services
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep838bdbf83-c1f3-4f07-adc9-bbee95acd7af
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0220-ref1327

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