The collection documents the history of tobacco advertising in America through print advertisements (magazine and newspaper), emphasizing the deceptive advertising practices employed by the tobacco industry to lure and keep smokers. Many of the advertisements contain images of celebrities, athletes, and other notable persons who endorsed tobacco products as well as ethinic imagery.
Scope and Contents:
The collection consists of advertisements collected by Dr. Robert Jackler for his "Not a Cough in a Carload: Images from the Tobacco Industry Campaign to Hide the Hazards of Smoking" exhibition. The heart of the collection consists of paper advertisements from national magazines and newspapers dating from 1898-2017. The bulk of these materials are for cigarettes but also include cigars and tobacco. A smaller amount of material are advertisements for holders, lighters and matches, pipes, smokers' drops, and toothpaste. Included among these materials are also some point of purchase displays and ephemera from major tobacco companies.
The material emphasizes the deceptive advertising practices intended to convince people that tobacco use was safe, and the use of doctors, dentists, athletes, opera singers, actors, and others to endorse them. Actresses and actors that appeard in some of these advertisements included Lucille Ball, Madge Bellamy, Constance Bennett, Sam Bernard, Billie Burke, Eddie Cantor, Richard Carle, Sue Carol, Madeleine Carroll, Boake Carter, Charlie Chan, Charlie Chaplin, Ina Claire, George M. Cohan, Claudette Colbert, June Collyer, Betty Compson, Gary Cooper, Clifton Crawford, Myrna J. Darby, Marlene Dietrich, Dolores Del Rio, Sally Eilers, Clifton Fadiman, Douglas Fairbanks, William Faversham, W.C. Fields, Muriel Finley, Sidney Fox, Kay Francis, Janet Gaynor, Bill Haines, Jean Harlow, Miriam Hopkins, Jack Holt, Leslie Howard, Edmund Lowe, Al Jolson, Harry Lauder, Carole Lombard, Myrna Loy, Dorothy Mackaill, Herbert Marshall, Groucho Marx, Norina Matchabella, Philip Merivale, Robert Montgomery, Catherine Moylan, Ramon Novarro, Maureen O'Sullivan, Barbara Stanwyck, Margaret Sullavan, Norma Talmadge, Lawrence Tibbett, William T. Tilden, Spencer Tracy, Helen Twelvetrees, Lenore Ulric, Lupe Velez and David Warfield. Some of the athletes that endorsed tobacco products included Ty Cobb, James J. Corbett, Johnny Farrell, Lou Gehrig, Walter Hagen, Willie Hoppe, Matt McGrath, Vincent Richards, Damon Runyon, Babe Ruth, Earl Sande, Martin Sheridan, Fred Spencer, Jr., Gaston Strobino and Ted Williams. Musicians that appeared in some of the advertisements included Frances Alda, Carl Gantvoort, George Gershwin, Dinh Gilly, Nanette Guilford, Jack Henderson, Helen Jepson, Karl Jörn, Lauritz Melchior, Dick Powell, John Philip Sousa, and Leo Slezak. Other note worthy celebrities included Robert Lee, Amelia Earhart, Georges Fontana, Rube Goldberg, Martin Johnson, Alice Roosevelt Longworth, Marjorie Moss, Robert Taylor, Rudy Vallée, Amy Vanderbilt, King Vidor, George White, Florenz Ziegfeld, and Elsie de Wolfe.
To appeal to even wider audiences, advertisements incorporated iconic images such as Mount Rushmore, the American flag, the Statue of Liberty, and Santa Claus. Other advertisements used images of happy times and personal milestones, such as weddings, graduation day, Father's Day, etc., which smokers were told were incomplete without the aid of a cigarette.
Dr. Jackler later donated additional material which includes updated advertisements on modern themes, such as the economy (advertising touting bargain prices); technological changes (hard pack, improved filter, "light" cigarettes); and include more images of minorities. The initial donation had a series of advertisements with images of African Americans, but these additional ads allow researchers access to an even larger and more diverse set of examples of how tobacco was marketed to minorities. Dr. Jackler also expanded his research into much older magazines and newspapers. The addendum features advertisements from defunct, obscure, and short lived brands, in addition to the most popular and familiar ones. This enables researchers to study such themes as why the more successful companies' advertisements succeeded. These materials were integrated with the rest of the collection.
The collection is arranged into twelve series. Series one is cigarette advertisements dating from 1903-2017 and is divided by the media where it appeared in. Series two, contains advertisements for cigars dating from 1901-2017 and is also divided by media. Series three is chewing tobacco advertisements dating from 1898-2010 and is arranged into two subseries magazines and newspapers. Series four through series nine are advertisements marketing non-tobacco products and accessories for smokers. In addition, series ten contains point of purchase displays. Series eleven is born digital content. And finally, series twelve contains other forms of advertising and ephemera created by tobacco companies to assist in the sale of their products.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into twelve series.
Series 1, Cigarette Advertisements, 1903-2017, undated
Series 4, Holder Advertisements, 1923-1957, undated
Series 5, Lighters and Accessories Advertisements, 1934-1977, undated
Series 6, Matches Advertisements, 1949, undated
Series 7, Pipes Advertisements, 1920-1971, undated
Series 8, Smokers' Drops Advertisements, 1958
Series 9, Toothpaste Advertisements, 1920, undated
Series 10, Point of Purchase Displays, undated
Series 11, Born Digital Content, undated
Series 12, Ephemera, 1960-2013, undated
Series 13: 2017 Addenda
Biographical / Historical:
Dr. Robert K. Jackler was born on January 29, 1954 to Dr. Jacob Marlowe Jackler and Marilyn Epstein. He was raised in Waterville, Maine, and attended college and medical school in Boston, Massachusetts. He moved to California for a residency in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. In 1985, Dr. Jackler accepted a Neuroethology fellowship at the House Ear Clinic and joined the faculty at the University of California, San Francisco where he remained until 2003. Later that year he became the Sewall Professor and Chair of the Department at OHNS and professor in the Ddepartments of Neurosurgery and Surgery at the Stanford University School of Medicine.
Dr. Jackler's medical work exposed him to numerous patients suffering from tobacco-related health problems. In addition, his mother, Marilyn Jackler, died of cancer in 2007. That year he and his wife Laurie founded the research group SRITA (Stanford Research into the Impact of Tobacco Advertising). The purpose of SRITA was to use an interdisciplinary approach to examine the ways in which the tobacco industry targeted minority groups. SRITA also wanted to examine how the industry marketed new products. During this time Dr. Jackler and his wife also began to amass a collection of advertisements and artifacts relating to tobacco products. These effors cumulated in an exhibition of advertising imagery tracing how tobacco companies used deceptive and often patently false claims in an effort to reassure the public of the safety of their products. "Not a Cough in a Carload: Images from the Tobacco Industry Campaign to Hide the Hazards of Smoking" was dedicated to his mother, Marilyn Jackler, who started smoking as a young woman because "it was the sophisticated thing to do" and later was unable to quit. Dr. Jackler received support from Stanford's Lane Medical Library, where the exhibit opened with an accompanying website (http://lane.stanford.edu/tobacco/index.html). Dr. Jackler has authored numerous papers, textbook chapters, editorials, and books in addition to his teaching, medical practice, and collecting.
Related Materials:
There are several collections relating to the advertising and marketing of tobacco in the Archives Center. The Warshaw collection's series on "Tobacco Trade" consists of nine cubic feet of business ephemera, circa 1850-1950. The N W Ayer Advertising Agency Records contain complete advertising campaigns for over 130 tobacco brands, 1899-1951, for companies such as Fatima, Murad, Pall Mall, Philip Morris, and R.J. Reynolds. The Marlboro Oral History and Documentation Collection documents the development of the Marlboro Man advertising campaign, 1940-1986. The Virgil Johnson Collection of Cigarette Packages, circa 1890-1997, contains over six thousand packages arranged into albums. The Cornelius and Horne Collection of Cigarette Packages consists of seventy three labels collected by a United States Navy captain in the Pacific theatre in 1945.
Provenance:
The collection was donated by Robert K. Jackler in 2011.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning intellectual property rights. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Citation:
Marilyn E. Jackler Memorial Collection of Tobacco Advertisements circa 1890-2013, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Use of the materials requires an appointment. Please contact the archivist at ACMarchives@si.edu
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Advertisement showing a woman in bathing costume sitting on a raft, with caption: "When the Sun's Rays Blaze." Text suggests use "For sunburn, tan, roughened and chapped skin / A face powder in liquid form."
Local Numbers:
91-11790 (OPPS Neg.)
General:
Forms part of the Cosmetics section of the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana.
Restrictions:
Unrestricted research use. Photographs must be handled with white cotton gloves, unless protected by plastic sleeves.
Rights:
OPPS Neg. No. 91-11790. No known restrictions. Reproduction fees for commercial use. Permission to reproduce from repository. Presumably, copyrights have expired and the material is in the public domain.
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
Sponsor:
Funding for partial processing of the collection was supported by a grant from the Smithsonian Institution's Collections Care and Preservation Fund (CCPF).
3.55 Cubic feet (consisting of 7 boxes, 1 folder, 3 oversized folders, 1 map case folder, 1 flat box (partial), plus digital images of some collection material.)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Publications
Illustrations
Receipts
Business cards
Almanacs
Invoices
Correspondence
Business letters
Business ephemera
Sales letters
Manuals
Advertising fliers
Bills of sale
Commercial correspondence
Print advertising
Advertising mail
Sales records
Advertisements
Business records
Technical literature
Realia
Advertising
Signs (declaratory or advertising artifacts)
Advertising cards
Technical documents
Periodicals
Legal documents
Patents
Letterheads
Printed ephemera
Ephemera
Date:
1819-1974
Summary:
A New York bookseller, Warshaw assembled this collection over nearly fifty years. The Warshaw Collection of Business Americana: Accounting and Bookkeeping forms part of the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Subseries 1.1: Subject Categories. The Subject Categories subseries is divided into 470 subject categories based on those created by Mr. Warshaw. These subject categories include topical subjects, types or forms of material, people, organizations, historical events, and other categories. An overview to the entire Warshaw collection is available here: Warshaw Collection of Business Americana
Scope and Contents:
The subject category Telephone largely represents business records and advertisements created by telephone companies. Additional materials include telephone design patents, documentation about legal cases involving telephone companies, material concerning the technical functions of telephones, phone call etiquette, and the history and development of the telephone.
No expansive business documentation exists for any single telephone company within the records. Material concerning specific subject areas within the topic of telephones provide a diverse historical overview of the telephone's global implementation, as well as snapshots of every day attitudes towards the telephone. Patents and other legal documents are strongly represented in the collection, in addition to business records.
Arrangement:
Telephone is arranged in three subseries.
Business Records and Marketing Material
Genre
Subject
Forms Part Of:
Forms part of the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana.
Series 1: Business Ephemera
Series 2: Other Collection Divisions
Series 3: Isadore Warshaw Personal Papers
Series 4: Photographic Reference Material
Provenance:
Telephone is a portion of the Business Ephemera Series of the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Accession AC0060 purchased from Isadore Warshaw in 1967. Warshaw continued to accumulate similar material until his death, which was donated in 1971 by his widow, Augusta. For a period after acquisition, related materials from other sources (of mixed provenance) were added to the collection so there may be content produced or published after Warshaw's death in 1969. This practice has since ceased.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research. Some items may be restricted due to fragile condition.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana Subject Categories: Telephone, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution.
Sponsor:
Funding for partial processing of the collection was supported by a grant from the Smithsonian Institution's Collections Care and Preservation Fund (CCPF).
Send Dad your greeting by telegraph on Western Union's new blank.
Local Numbers:
AC0205-0000113 (AC Scan)
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but Series 11 and films are stored off-site. Special arrangements must be made to view some of the audiovisual materials. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Domestic Life Search this
Extent:
0.15 Cubic feet (1 vertical box)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Trade literature
Sample books
Place:
Saint Louis (Mo.)
Milwaukee (Wis.)
Wisconsin
Date:
circa 1930s.
Scope and Contents:
Five sample books from the 1930s: (1) Christmas wrapping paper manufactured by Gift Wrap, (2) shelf paper made by the American Lace Paper Co. of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, (3) confectionery bag samples and stock designs for printing by the Orchard Paper Company of Saint Louis, (4) gift wrapping paper made by Modern Vogue Co., Inc., and (5) a sample sheet of ribbons manufactured by the Milwaukee Printed String Co., Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Provenance:
This collection was donated by Bernard Levine, in March 1987.
Restrictions:
This collection is open for research use.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
6.79 Cubic feet (consisting of 11 boxes, 2 folders, 10 oversize folders, 3 map case folders, 1 flat box, plus digital images of some collection material. )
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Ephemera
Business ephemera
Date:
circa 1871-1925
Summary:
A New York bookseller, Warshaw assembled this collection over nearly fifty years. The Warshaw Collection of Business Americana: Photography forms part of the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Subseries 1.1: Subject Categories. The Subject Categories subseries is divided into 470 subject categories based on those created by Mr. Warshaw. These subject categories include topical subjects, types or forms of material, people, organizations, historical events, and other categories. An overview to the entire Warshaw collection is available here: Warshaw Collection of Business Americana
Scope and Contents:
This material consists primarily of catalogs, printed advertisements scattered correspondence on letterhead stationery, price lists, bills/receipts, addresses, envelopes, advertising cards both for products and photographers, reports, photographs, descriptive circulars, leaflets, sales contracts, product manuals, periodicals, books, handbooks, guides, patents and order forms from manufacturers and dealers of photographic supplies and equipment. The different types of products include film, burnishing tools, cameras, camera lenses, magazine plate holders, photographic chemicals, magic lanterns, stereopticons and slides, photographic paper, daguerreotype apparatus', pressing machines and dry plates. Many of the companies sold other products such as photograph albums, books, views, photograph cards, reproductions and other photographic outfits.
There are numerous illustrations throughout this collection. A number of these images are of photographic products. These product illustrations are found primarily in trade catalogs, as well as on advertisements and price lists. Various images are of world sites and cities. There are numerous images of women, children, flowers and birds on photographer advertising cards and some catalogs from some of the manufacturers and dealers.
Researchers interested in material from photographic societies, organizations and associations will also find information in this collection. Such organizations include the Photographers Association of America, The Association of Heliographers, and various other groups formed on the state level. Most of the information relates to exhibits and conventions.
Publications pertaining to photography for the amateur and novice are in a variety of articles, reports, bulletins, periodicals, journals and handbooks. Instructional guides on using photographic products are also included, as well as discussions on many aspects of photography.
Most of the material found in this collection was published in English, however, several articles, books and reports were printed in German and French.
Manufacturers and dealers of photographic materials are in boxes one through seven and are arranged in alphabetical order by name of company. Box seven also includes photographers, instructors/schools and printing, developing, enlarging and copying houses. Box eight through nine is a continuation of the developing houses, general works, patents, import/export documents and related publications. Related publication s are organized by type and then alphabetically by name of publication.
Materials in the Archives Center:
Archives Center Collection of Business Americana (AC0404)
Forms Part Of:
Forms part of the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana.
Missing Title
Series 1: Business Ephemera
Series 2: Other Collection Divisions
Series 3: Isadore Warshaw Personal Papers
Series 4: Photographic Reference Material
Provenance:
Photography is a portion of the Business Ephemera Series of the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Accession AC0060 purchased from Isadore Warshaw in 1967. Warshaw continued to accumulate similar material until his death, which was donated in 1971 by his widow, Augusta. For a period after acquisition, related materials from other sources (of mixed provenance) were added to the collection so there may be content produced or published after Warshaw's death in 1969. This practice has since ceased.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research. Some items may be restricted due to fragile condition.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana Subject Categories: Photography, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
Sponsor:
Funding for partial processing of the collection was supported by a grant from the Smithsonian Institution's Collections Care and Preservation Fund (CCPF).
Advertisement for Mathew Brady Civil War photographs, ca. 1911, Review of Reviews Company, New York.
Local Numbers:
AC0060-0001281-1 (AC Scan No.)
AC0060-0001281-2 (AC Scan No.)
General:
Civil War Selections from the Archives Center
Series Restrictions:
Collection is open for research. Some items may be restricted due to fragile condition.
Series Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
Sponsor:
Funding for partial processing of the collection was supported by a grant from the Smithsonian Institution's Collections Care and Preservation Fund (CCPF).
Published by Review of Reviews Company, New York. Copyright 1910, Patriot Publishing Company, under photograph.
Local Numbers:
AC0060-0001280 (AC Scan No.)
General:
Civil War Selections from the Archives Center
Series Restrictions:
Collection is open for research. Some items may be restricted due to fragile condition.
Series Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
Sponsor:
Funding for partial processing of the collection was supported by a grant from the Smithsonian Institution's Collections Care and Preservation Fund (CCPF).
9.59 Cubic feet (consisting of 21 boxes, 2 folder, 4 oversize folder, 1 map case folder, plus digital images of some collection material. )
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Ephemera
Business ephemera
Date:
1869-1959
Summary:
A New York bookseller, Warshaw assembled this collection over nearly fifty years. The Warshaw Collection of Business Americana: Hotels forms part of the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Subseries 1.1: Subject Categories. The Subject Categories subseries is divided into 470 subject categories based on those created by Mr. Warshaw. These subject categories include topical subjects, types or forms of material, people, organizations, historical events, and other categories. An overview to the entire Warshaw collection is available here: Warshaw Collection of Business Americana
Scope and Contents:
This subject category- Hotels consists primarily of scattered correspondence on letterhead stationery, printed advertisements, information includes prices of rooms, amenities (ladies dining room, room services, heat, bathrooms, Turkish and Electric baths ) offered by the hotel, places of amusements, points of interest for American and foreign hotels. Other documents include bills, receipts, business cards, printed advertisements and invoices from arranged in alphabetical order by name of hotel. International establishments are arranged in alphabetical order by country. Image material includes lithographs, photographs, and engravings of hotels that could not be identified. Some of the images of hotels are on postcards.
Materials in the Archives Center:
Archives Center Collection of Business Americana (AC0404)
Forms Part Of:
Forms part of the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana.
Missing Title
Series 1: Business Ephemera
Series 2: Other Collection Divisions
Series 3: Isadore Warshaw Personal Papers
Series 4: Photographic Reference Material
Provenance:
Hotels is a portion of the Business Ephemera Series of the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Accession AC0060 purchased from Isadore Warshaw in 1967. Warshaw continued to accumulate similar material until his death, which was donated in 1971 by his widow, Augusta. For a period after acquisition, related materials from other sources (of mixed provenance) were added to the collection so there may be content produced or published after Warshaw's death in 1969. This practice has since ceased.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research. Some items may be restricted due to fragile condition.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Genre/Form:
Ephemera
Business ephemera
Citation:
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana Subject Categories: Hotels, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
Sponsor:
Funding for partial processing of the collection was supported by a grant from the Smithsonian Institution's Collections Care and Preservation Fund (CCPF).
Unrestricted research use on site by appointment. Reproduction restrictions due to copyright.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Unrestricted research use on site by appointment. Reproduction restrictions due to copyright.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Main portion of the advertisement is a reproduction of a photograph of actor Van Johnson almost kissing actress June Allyson, shown in close-up profile. The scene may be a still from the Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer film "The Bride Goes Wild" (1948). Text below photograph: "'I'm a Lux Girl,' / Says June Allyson." For Lux Soap.
Local Numbers:
Ivorydata4 1134
03061102 (Scan No.)
Restrictions:
Unrestricted research use on site by appointment. Reproduction restrictions due to copyright.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Caption: "Getting to the Heart of this Valentine Question--". 5 actresses endorse Lux soap.
Local Numbers:
245278
Ivorydata4 1135
03061103 (Scan No.)
Restrictions:
Unrestricted research use on site by appointment. Reproduction restrictions due to copyright.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Text with four images with references to Warner Brothers movies and New York theater. Caption: "The most Beautiful Clothes in the world are kept like new with Lux--".
Local Numbers:
Ivorydata4 1136
03061104 (Scan No.)
Restrictions:
Unrestricted research use on site by appointment. Reproduction restrictions due to copyright.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Caption: "Tell Us, Pretty Maidens / How you keep your skin so smooth and soft..." 3 actresses, Patricia Morison, Marcy Wescott, and Gabrielle Brune, endorse Lux soap.
Local Numbers:
Ivorydata4 1137
03061105 (Scan No.)
Restrictions:
Unrestricted research use on site by appointment. Reproduction restrictions due to copyright.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
