Search Results

Collection Collector:

Robinson, Franklin A., Jr., 1959- (actor)  Search this

Container:

Box 10, Folder 4

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

1944

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research but negatives and audiovisuial materials are stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Some papers of living persons are restricted. Access to restricted portions may be arranged by request to the donor. Gloves required for unprotected photographs. Viewing film portions of the collection and listening to LP recording requires special appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.

Collection Rights:

The Archives Center does not own exclusive rights to these materials. Copyright for all materials is retained by the donor, Franklin A. Robinson, Jr.; permission for commercial use and/or publication may be requested from the donor through the Archives Center. Military Records for Franklin A. Robinson (b. 1932) and correspondence from Richard I. Damalouji (1961-2014) are restricted; written permission is needed to research these files. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

The Robinson and Via Family Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Sponsor:

Preservation of the 8mm films in this collection was made possible, in part, by a grant from the National Film Preservation Fund.

See more items in:

Robinson and Via Family Papers

Robinson and Via Family Papers / Series 2: Robinson Family / 2.6: Robinson, Franklin A. / 2.6.1: Correspondence, diaries, personal ephemera

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8d451e306-0493-47c5-8e54-5b55390f8ba2

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0475-ref166

Collection Collector:

Robinson, Franklin A., Jr., 1959- (actor)  Search this

Container:

Box 39, Folder 11

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

1950

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research but negatives and audiovisuial materials are stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Some papers of living persons are restricted. Access to restricted portions may be arranged by request to the donor. Gloves required for unprotected photographs. Viewing film portions of the collection and listening to LP recording requires special appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.

Collection Rights:

The Archives Center does not own exclusive rights to these materials. Copyright for all materials is retained by the donor, Franklin A. Robinson, Jr.; permission for commercial use and/or publication may be requested from the donor through the Archives Center. Military Records for Franklin A. Robinson (b. 1932) and correspondence from Richard I. Damalouji (1961-2014) are restricted; written permission is needed to research these files. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

The Robinson and Via Family Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Sponsor:

Preservation of the 8mm films in this collection was made possible, in part, by a grant from the National Film Preservation Fund.

See more items in:

Robinson and Via Family Papers

Robinson and Via Family Papers / Series 2: Robinson Family / 2.6: Robinson, Franklin A. / 2.6.1: Correspondence, diaries, personal ephemera

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8c69fd212-5fa6-426e-8f82-ac71a4266346

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0475-ref167

Collection Collector:

Robinson, Franklin A., Jr., 1959- (actor)  Search this

Extent:

1 Motion picture film (Duration: 36 minutes, 55 seconds, Compilation reel of smaller reels., Camera original; 8mm; Kodacrome reversal)

Container:

Box 26, Item OF475.4 (RV475.3)

Type:

Archival materials

Motion picture films

Date:

1965-1966

Scope and Contents:

1. Summer, farming, children, 1964

Place: Ferndale Farm, Brandywine, Maryland, John Deere Farm, T.B., Maryland

Persons: Franklin A. Robinson, Sr. (planting corn), Robert D. Robinson, Franklin A. Robinson, Jr., Robert M. Via, A. Theresa Robinson

Cinematographer: Adina M. Robinson

2. Christmas, Theresa first walking, Reel #1, 1964

Place: Ferndale Farm, Brandywine, Maryland

Persons: A. Theresa Robinson, Elizabeth B. Robinson, Robert D. Robinson, Franklin A. Robinson, Jr., Virginia W. Via, Robert M. Via, Adina V. Robinson, (skirt in NMAH costume collection)

Cinematographer: Adina and Franklin Robinson

3. Christmas Reel #2, 1964

See above.

4. Easter, Mr. Brown's place [Serenity Farm] with our [Robinson] corn, 1965

Place: Ferndale Farm, Brandywine, Maryland, Via Farm Calvert County, Maryland, Serenity Farm, Benedict, Maryland

Persons: Robert D. Robinson, Franklin A. Robinson, Jr., A. Theresa Robinson, Ida Virginia Via, Adina M. Robinson

Cinematographer: Franklin and Adina Robinson

5. Washington D.C. scenes and Franklin's 6th birthday party, 1965

Place: Washington, D.C., Ferndale Farm, Brandywine, Maryland

Persons: Carla Laurent, Adina M. Robinson, Franklin A. Robinson, Jr., family and friends

Cinematographer: Franklin A. Robinson

6. Franklin's 6th birthday party, 1965

Place: Ferndale Farm, Brandywine, Maryland

Persons: Franklin A. Robinson, Jr. birthday party, family and friends

Cinematographer: Franklin A. Robinson

7. Christmas, 1965,

Place: Ferndale Farm, Brandywine, Maryland

Persons: A. Theresa Robinson, Franklin A. Robinson, Jr., Robert D. Robinson, Ida Virginia Via, Gloria J. Via

Cinematographer: Franklin and Adina Robinson

8. Christmas and snowstorm, 1965-1966

Place: Ferndale Farm, Brandywine, Maryland

Persons: See above.

Cinematographer: Franklin and Adina Robinson

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research but negatives and audiovisuial materials are stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Some papers of living persons are restricted. Access to restricted portions may be arranged by request to the donor. Gloves required for unprotected photographs. Viewing film portions of the collection and listening to LP recording requires special appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.

Collection Rights:

The Archives Center does not own exclusive rights to these materials. Copyright for all materials is retained by the donor, Franklin A. Robinson, Jr.; permission for commercial use and/or publication may be requested from the donor through the Archives Center. Military Records for Franklin A. Robinson (b. 1932) and correspondence from Richard I. Damalouji (1961-2014) are restricted; written permission is needed to research these files. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

The Robinson and Via Family Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Sponsor:

Preservation of the 8mm films in this collection was made possible, in part, by a grant from the National Film Preservation Fund.

See more items in:

Robinson and Via Family Papers

Robinson and Via Family Papers / Series 7: Audiovisual / 7.1: Family and farming

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8d8b48df1-7aa3-4185-8b8c-71f6095a4be3

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0475-ref353

Collection Collector:

Robinson, Franklin A., Jr., 1959- (actor)  Search this

Container:

Box 72, Folder 27

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

1965

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research but negatives and audiovisuial materials are stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Some papers of living persons are restricted. Access to restricted portions may be arranged by request to the donor. Gloves required for unprotected photographs. Viewing film portions of the collection and listening to LP recording requires special appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.

Collection Rights:

The Archives Center does not own exclusive rights to these materials. Copyright for all materials is retained by the donor, Franklin A. Robinson, Jr.; permission for commercial use and/or publication may be requested from the donor through the Archives Center. Military Records for Franklin A. Robinson (b. 1932) and correspondence from Richard I. Damalouji (1961-2014) are restricted; written permission is needed to research these files. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

The Robinson and Via Family Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Sponsor:

Preservation of the 8mm films in this collection was made possible, in part, by a grant from the National Film Preservation Fund.

See more items in:

Robinson and Via Family Papers

Robinson and Via Family Papers / Series 1: Ferndale Farm (Potomac Landing), Prince George's County, Maryland / 1.4: Farm papers, income and expense

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8ba539f01-002b-46fc-99a4-560d8b9c3981

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0475-ref1630

Collection Collector:

Robinson, Franklin A., Jr., 1959- (actor)  Search this

Container:

Box 74, Folder 1

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

1966

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research but negatives and audiovisuial materials are stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Some papers of living persons are restricted. Access to restricted portions may be arranged by request to the donor. Gloves required for unprotected photographs. Viewing film portions of the collection and listening to LP recording requires special appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.

Collection Rights:

The Archives Center does not own exclusive rights to these materials. Copyright for all materials is retained by the donor, Franklin A. Robinson, Jr.; permission for commercial use and/or publication may be requested from the donor through the Archives Center. Military Records for Franklin A. Robinson (b. 1932) and correspondence from Richard I. Damalouji (1961-2014) are restricted; written permission is needed to research these files. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

The Robinson and Via Family Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Sponsor:

Preservation of the 8mm films in this collection was made possible, in part, by a grant from the National Film Preservation Fund.

See more items in:

Robinson and Via Family Papers

Robinson and Via Family Papers / Series 1: Ferndale Farm (Potomac Landing), Prince George's County, Maryland / 1.5: Farm papers, income and expense

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep88e8de211-0ed8-47af-82cf-81b2936ac0a8

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0475-ref1663

Collection Collector:

Robinson, Franklin A., Jr., 1959- (actor)  Search this

Container:

Box 75, Folder 3

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

1967

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research but negatives and audiovisuial materials are stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Some papers of living persons are restricted. Access to restricted portions may be arranged by request to the donor. Gloves required for unprotected photographs. Viewing film portions of the collection and listening to LP recording requires special appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.

Collection Rights:

The Archives Center does not own exclusive rights to these materials. Copyright for all materials is retained by the donor, Franklin A. Robinson, Jr.; permission for commercial use and/or publication may be requested from the donor through the Archives Center. Military Records for Franklin A. Robinson (b. 1932) and correspondence from Richard I. Damalouji (1961-2014) are restricted; written permission is needed to research these files. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

The Robinson and Via Family Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Sponsor:

Preservation of the 8mm films in this collection was made possible, in part, by a grant from the National Film Preservation Fund.

See more items in:

Robinson and Via Family Papers

Robinson and Via Family Papers / Series 1: Ferndale Farm (Potomac Landing), Prince George's County, Maryland / 1.6: Farm papers, income and expense

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep83f6db082-82ff-4103-938e-bd7b6111e7c4

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0475-ref1693

Collection Collector:

Robinson, Franklin A., Jr., 1959- (actor)  Search this

Container:

Box 52, Folder 8

Box 52, Folder 8, 22

Box 51, Folder 9, 20

Box 49, Folder 7

Box 51, Folder 20

Box 53, Folder 8-9, 20

Box 50, Folder 8

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

1960-1964

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research but negatives and audiovisuial materials are stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Some papers of living persons are restricted. Access to restricted portions may be arranged by request to the donor. Gloves required for unprotected photographs. Viewing film portions of the collection and listening to LP recording requires special appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.

Collection Rights:

The Archives Center does not own exclusive rights to these materials. Copyright for all materials is retained by the donor, Franklin A. Robinson, Jr.; permission for commercial use and/or publication may be requested from the donor through the Archives Center. Military Records for Franklin A. Robinson (b. 1932) and correspondence from Richard I. Damalouji (1961-2014) are restricted; written permission is needed to research these files. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

The Robinson and Via Family Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Sponsor:

Preservation of the 8mm films in this collection was made possible, in part, by a grant from the National Film Preservation Fund.

See more items in:

Robinson and Via Family Papers

Robinson and Via Family Papers / Series 1: Ferndale Farm (Potomac Landing), Prince George's County, Maryland / 1.3: Farm Papers, income and expense

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8e36d4696-5ed9-48b4-97a2-f1f914a321dc

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0475-ref914

Collection Collector:

Robinson, Franklin A., Jr., 1959- (actor)  Search this

Container:

Box 64, Folder 1-4

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

1943-1957

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research but negatives and audiovisuial materials are stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Some papers of living persons are restricted. Access to restricted portions may be arranged by request to the donor. Gloves required for unprotected photographs. Viewing film portions of the collection and listening to LP recording requires special appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.

Collection Rights:

The Archives Center does not own exclusive rights to these materials. Copyright for all materials is retained by the donor, Franklin A. Robinson, Jr.; permission for commercial use and/or publication may be requested from the donor through the Archives Center. Military Records for Franklin A. Robinson (b. 1932) and correspondence from Richard I. Damalouji (1961-2014) are restricted; written permission is needed to research these files. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

The Robinson and Via Family Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Sponsor:

Preservation of the 8mm films in this collection was made possible, in part, by a grant from the National Film Preservation Fund.

See more items in:

Robinson and Via Family Papers

Robinson and Via Family Papers / Series 2: Robinson Family / 2.5: Conner, Mary Robinson

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8f819162c-7555-4912-9bb4-e97e9e9d4d2c

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0475-ref988

Collection Collector:

Robinson, Franklin A., Jr., 1959- (actor)  Search this

Container:

Box 3, Folder 2

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

1926

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research but negatives and audiovisuial materials are stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Some papers of living persons are restricted. Access to restricted portions may be arranged by request to the donor. Gloves required for unprotected photographs. Viewing film portions of the collection and listening to LP recording requires special appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.

Collection Rights:

The Archives Center does not own exclusive rights to these materials. Copyright for all materials is retained by the donor, Franklin A. Robinson, Jr.; permission for commercial use and/or publication may be requested from the donor through the Archives Center. Military Records for Franklin A. Robinson (b. 1932) and correspondence from Richard I. Damalouji (1961-2014) are restricted; written permission is needed to research these files. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

The Robinson and Via Family Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Sponsor:

Preservation of the 8mm films in this collection was made possible, in part, by a grant from the National Film Preservation Fund.

See more items in:

Robinson and Via Family Papers

Robinson and Via Family Papers / Series 2: Robinson Family / 2.3: Robinson, Frank A.

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep84cfeef02-beb2-4607-aa01-532ed0d558f2

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0475-ref99

Creator:

Garden Club of America  Search this

Names:

New York Flower Show  Search this

Extent:

37,000 Slides (35mm slides)

33 Linear feet ((garden files))

3,000 Lantern slides

37,000 Slides (35mm slides)

33 Linear feet ((garden files))

3,000 Lantern slides

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Slides

Lantern slides

Plans (drawings)

Brochures

Articles

Correspondence

Clippings

Slides (photographs)

Date:

circa 1920-present

Summary:

This collection contains over 37,000 35mm slides, 3,000 glass lantern slides and garden files that may include descriptive information, photocopied articles (from journals, newspapers, or books), planting lists, correspondence, brochures, landscape plans and drawings. Garden files were compiled by Garden Club of America (GCA) members for most of the gardens included in the collection. Some gardens have been photographed over the course of several decades; others only have images from a single point in time. In addition to images of American gardens, there are glass lantern slides of the New York Flower Show (1941-1951) and trips that GCA members took to other countries, including Mexico (1937), Italy, Spain, Japan (1935), France (1936), England (1929), and Scotland.

A number of the slides are copies of historic images from outside repositories including horticultural and historical societies or from horticultural books and publications. The GCA made a concerted effort in the mid-1980s to acquire these images in order to increase its documentation of American garden history. Because of copyright considerations, use of these particular images may be restricted.

Biographical/Historical note:

The Garden Club of America was established in 1913 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, when the Garden Club of Philadelphia and eleven other garden clubs met to create a national garden club. Its purpose is to foster the knowledge and love of gardening and to restore and protect the quality of the environment through educational programs and gardening and conservation efforts. The GCA was incorporated in Delaware in 1923, with its headquarters established in New York City. Today, local clubs are organized under twelve regional zones. The GCA continues its tradition of hosting flower shows and publishing material related to gardening in the United States.

The GCA's glass lantern slides were used by The GCA for presentations and lectures about notable gardens throughout the United States dating back to colonial times. An effort was made in the late 1980s, in preparation of the 75th anniversary of the Garden Club of America's founding, to collect the disbursed slides. These slides were to eventually form the Slide Library of Notable American Parks and Gardens. The informational value of this collection is extensive since a number of images of the more than 4,500 gardens represented show garden designs that have changed over time or no longer exist. While the majority of images document a range of designed upper and upper-middle class gardens throughout the U.S., the scope of the collection is expanding as volunteers photograph and document contemporary gardens including community and vernacular gardens.

The gardens illustrate the design work of dozens of landscape architects including Marian Coffin, Beatrix Farrand, Lawrence Halprin, Hare & Hare, Umberto Innocenti, Gertrude Jekyll, Jens Jensen, Warren Manning, the Olmsted Brothers, Charles Platt, Ellen Biddle Shipman, and Fletcher Steele. Because of their proximity to the gardens, works of notable architects and sculptors may also be featured in the images.

Restrictions:

Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Rights:

Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Topic:

Gardens -- France  Search this

Gardens -- Italy  Search this

Gardens -- Japan  Search this

Gardens -- Mexico  Search this

Flower shows  Search this

Gardening -- United States -- societies, etc  Search this

Gardens -- England  Search this

Landscape architecture  Search this

Gardens -- United States  Search this

Gardens -- Spain  Search this

Gardens -- Scotland  Search this

Genre/Form:

Plans (drawings)

Brochures

Articles

Correspondence

Clippings

Lantern slides

Slides (photographs)

Citation:

Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.

Sponsor:

A project to describe images in this finding aid received Federal support from the Smithsonian Collections Care Initiative, administered by the National Collections Program.

Identifier:

AAG.GCA

See more items in:

The Garden Club of America collection

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Gardens

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb617385372-1028-4cb7-b07d-04fea2e51c47

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-aag-gca

Collection Donor:

Hiller, John  Search this

Extent:

1 Autochromes (photographs)

Container:

Box 3

Type:

Archival materials

Slides

Autochromes (photographs)

Date:

circa 1910-1920

General:

The hotel has not been identified.

Collection Restrictions:

Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Rights:

Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Topic:

Shade trees  Search this

Outdoor furniture  Search this

Umbrellas (garden)  Search this

Lawns  Search this

Chairs  Search this

Climbing plants  Search this

Palms  Search this

Collection Citation:

Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, John Hiller lantern slide collection.

Identifier:

AAG.HLR, Item HLR156

See more items in:

John Hiller lantern slide collection

John Hiller lantern slide collection / Series 1: Gardens and Sites / Switzerland

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Gardens

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6b57224ac-13be-438e-82eb-f603449267a2

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-aag-hlr-ref604

Creator:

Baekeland, L. H. (Leo Hendrik), 1863-1944  Search this

Names:

Bakelite Corporation  Search this

Nepera Chemical Co.  Search this

Extent:

15 Cubic feet (49 boxes)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Professional papers

Clippings

Laboratory notes

Personal correspondence

Photographs

Notebooks

Diaries

Date:

1976

1863 - 1968

Summary:

The papers document Leo H. Baekeland, a Belgian born chemist who invented Velox photographic paper (1893) and Bakelite (1907), an inexpensive, nonflammable, versatile plastic. The papers include student notebooks; private laboratory notebooks and journals; commercial laboratory notes; diaries; patents; technical papers; biographies; newspaper clippings; maps; graphs; blueprints; account books; batch books; formula books; order books; photographs; and correspondence regarding Baekeland, 1887-1943.

Scope and Contents:

Baekeland documented his life prolifically through diaries, laboratory notebooks, photographs, and correspondence. These constitute the bulk of the collection. The Bakelite company history is also incompletely documented in this collection through Baekeland's correspondence, the commercial laboratory notebooks, and some company ledgers.

Arrangement:

Series 1: Reference Materials, 1863-1868 and undated

Subseries 1.1: Biographical, 1880-1965

Subseries 1.2:Company History, 1910-1961

Subseries 1.3: Related Interests, 1863-1968 and undated

Series 2: Published and Unpublished Writings (by Leo H. Baekeland), 1884-1945

Series 3: Correspondence, 1888-1963 Subseries 3.1: Personal Correspondence, 1916-1943

Subseries 3.2: Charitable Donations, 1916-1938

Subseries 3.3: Family Correspondence, 1888-1963

Subseries 3.4: Clubs and Associations, 1916-1943

Series 4: Diaries, 1907-1943

Series 5: Reading and Lecture Notes, 1878-1886

Series 6, Laboratory Notebooks, 1893-1915

Series 7: Commercial Laboratory Notebooks, 1910-1920

Series 8: Bakelite Company, 1887-1945

Series 9, Patents, 1894-1940

Series 10: Bakelite Corporation Ledgers, 1910-1924; 1935; 1939

Series 11: Photographs, 1889-1950 and undated

Subseries 11.1: Photographs, 1889-1950 and undated

Subseries 11.2: Film Negatives, 1900-1941 and undated

Subseries 11.3: Photoprints, 1894-1941

Subseries 11.4: Stereographs, 1888-1902 and undated

Subseries 11.5: Film and Glass Plate Negatives, 1899-1900 and undated

Series 12: Audio Materials, 1976

Biographical / Historical:

Leo Hendrik Baekeland was an industrial chemist famous for his invention of Bakelite, the first moldable synthetic polymer, and for his invention of Velox photographic paper. Baekeland's career as an inventor and innovator was punctuated by an urge to improve existing technologies and a willingness to experiment both meticulously and daringly. Born in Ghent, Belgium in 1863, Baekeland was a distinguished chemistry student and became a young professor at the University of Ghent. He had a long standing interest in photography and sought to further photographic technology with his expertise in chemistry. In 1887 he obtained his first patent for a dry plate which contained its own developer and could be developed in a tray of water. With the support of a business partner/faculty associate, Jules Guequier, he formed a company named Baekeland et Cie to produce the plate, but the venture failed due to lack of capital.

On August 8, 1889, he married Celine Swarts, daughter of his academic mentor Theodore Swarts, Dean of the Faculty of Sciences at the University of Ghent. After his wedding he travelled to different countries using a traveling scholarship he had been awarded two years previously. His travels ended in the United States where he was offered a job researching chemical problems associated with manufacturing bromide papers and films with A. and H.T. Anthony and Company, a photographic supply producer. Leo and Celine Baekeland had three children: George, Nina and Jenny (1890-1895).

He left Anthony and Company in 1891 to be a consulting chemist. During that time he invented a photographic print paper using silver chloride which could be developed in artificial light instead of sunlight and thus offered more flexibility and consistency to photographers. In 1893, with financial support from Leonard Jacobi, a scrap metal dealer from San Francisco, he formed the Nepera Chemical Company in Yonkers, New York, to manufacture "gaslight" paper under the trade name Velox. The paper became quite popular and the company expanded its operations after its first three years. Finally, George Eastman bought the company for a reported $750,000 which afforded Baekeland the time to conduct his own research in a laboratory he set up on his estate, "Snug Rock," in Yonkers.

Baekeland worked on problems of electrolysis of salt and the production of synthetic resins. He was hired as a consultant to work with Clinton P. Townsend to perfect Townsend's patented electrolytic cell. Baekeland's work there contributed to the success of the Hooke Electrochemical Company which began in operations in Niagara Falls in 1905.

Simultaneously, in 1902 Baekeland began researching reactions of phenol and formaldehyde, and by 1907 was able to control the reactions and produce a moldable plastic (oxybenzylmethylenglycolanhydride) which he named Bakelite. Although the process was not perfected for another couple of years, Baekeland applied for a patent for Bakelite right away. He announced his discovery to the scientific community in 1909, and in 1910 formed the General Bakelite Company. Bakelite was a thermosetting resin that, unlike Celluloid became permanently solid when heated. It was virtually impervious to heat, acids, or caustic substances. It could be molded into a wide variety of shapes and was an excellent electric insulator that came to replace hard rubber and amber for electrical and industrial applications. It was also suitable for a wide variety of consumer products such as billiard balls, jewelry, pot handles, telephones, toasters, electric plugs, and airplane instrument knobs. Two companies challenged Bakelite with significant competition, Condensite Corporation of America and Redmanol Chemical Products Company. Bakelite finally merged with these two companies in 1922 to become the Bakelite Corporation. Union Carbide finally bought the corporation in 1939.

Baekeland sustained his interest in photography by taking numerous photographs throughout his lifetime. He also devoted much of his spare time to professional societies and received various honorary degrees and awards such as the Perkin Medal. He had several hobbies such as boating, wine and beer making, and, exotic plants. He also traveled extensively throughout the world, which is documented in his diaries and photographs.

Baekeland spent his final years mostly in his Coconut Grove, Florida home where he became increasingly eccentric until his mind failed him and he was institutionalized. He died in 1943 at the age of eighty.

Scope and Content: Baekeland documented his life prolifically through diaries, laboratory notebooks, photographs, and correspondence. These constitute the bulk of the collection. The Bakelite company history is also incompletely documented in this collection through Baekeland's correspondence, the commercial laboratory notebooks, and some company ledgers.

Related Materials:

Materials in the Archives Center

Albany Billiard Ball Company Records (AC0011)

Celluloid Corporation Records (AC0009)

J. Harry DuBois Collection on the History of Plastics (AC0008)

Materials at Other Organizations

The Hagley Museum and Library, Manuscripts and Archives Department in Delaware also several related collections including: the Directors of Industrial Research Records, 1929 -982; the Du Pont Viscoloid Company, Survey of the Plastics Field, 1932; The Society of the Plastics Industry, 1937-1987; the Roy J. Plunkett Collection, 1910-1994 (inventor of Teflon); and the Gordon M. Kline Collection, 1903.

Separated Materials:

The National Museum of American History, Division Medicine and Science has several artifacts associated with Baekeland including the original "Bakalizer" the apparatus in which Bakelite was first made. See accession numbers: 1977.0368; 1979.1179; 1981.0976; 1982.0034; 1983.0524; 1984.0138.

Provenance:

The bulk of the collection was donated to the National Museum of American History's Division of Physical Sciences in November, 1981, by Celine Karraker, Leo H. Baekeland's granddaughter.

Restrictions:

Collection is open for research.

Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Topic:

Phenolic resins  Search this

Travel -- Photographs  Search this

Chemists -- 1880-1970  Search this

Inventors -- 1880-1970  Search this

Plastics -- 1880-1970  Search this

Chemistry  Search this

Genre/Form:

Professional papers -- 1880-1970

Clippings -- 1880-1970

Laboratory notes

Personal correspondence -- 1880-1970

Photographs -- Black-and-white negatives -- Glass -- 19th-20th century

Notebooks -- 1880-1970

Diaries -- 1880-1970

Photographs -- Black-and-white photoprints -- Silver gelatin -- 19th-20th century

Photographs -- Black-and-white negatives -- Nitrate -- 19th-20th century

Citation:

Leo Baekeland Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.0005

See more items in:

Leo H. Baekeland Papers

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep846e88df6-033d-4805-99e2-b308002a75f4

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0005

Author:

Finot, Victor L.  Search this

Soreng, Robert J.  Search this

Giussani, Lililana M.  Search this

Romina, Muñoz  Search this

Editor:

Finot, Victor L.  Search this

Series_editor:

Rodriguez Rios, Roberto  Search this

Marticorena Garri, Alicia  Search this

Translator:

Peterson, Paul M.  Search this

Object Type:

Smithsonian staff publication

Year:

2022

Citation:

Finot, Victor L., Soreng, Robert J., Giussani, Lililana M., and Romina, Muñoz. 2022. "Nicoraepoa." In Poaceae (I-Z). Finot, Victor L., editor. 721–732. Concepcion: Universidad de Concepcion. In Flora de Chile, 6 (1).

Identifier:

167460

Series Standard Number:

978-956-227-526-2

Data source:

Smithsonian Libraries and Archives

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:slasro_167460

Author:

Finot, Victor L.  Search this

Giussani, Lililana M.  Search this

Soreng, Robert J.  Search this

Editor:

Finot, Victor L.  Search this

Series_editor:

Rodriguez Rios, Roberto  Search this

Marticorena Garri, Alicia  Search this

Translator:

Peterson, Paul M.  Search this

Object Type:

Smithsonian staff publication

Year:

2022

Citation:

Finot, Victor L., Giussani, Lililana M., and Soreng, Robert J. 2022. "Poa L." In Poaceae (I-Z). Finot, Victor L., editor. 821–916. Concepcion: Universidad de Concepcion. In Flora de Chile, 6 (1).

Identifier:

167461

Series Standard Number:

978-956-227-526-2

Data source:

Smithsonian Libraries and Archives

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:slasro_167461

Author:

Smith, A. C.  Search this

Object Type:

Smithsonian staff publication

Year:

1953

Citation:

Smith, A. C. 1953. "Studies of South American plants, XIII." Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences, 43 203–212.

Identifier:

121938

ISSN:

0043-0439

Data source:

Smithsonian Libraries and Archives

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:slasro_121938

Author:

Peterson, Paul M.  Search this

Editor:

Barkworth, Mary E.  Search this

Capels, K. M.  Search this

Long, S.  Search this

Piep, M. B.  Search this

Object Type:

Smithsonian staff publication

Year:

2003

Citation:

Peterson, Paul M. 2003. "Eragrostis." In Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae (in part): Poaceae, part 2. Flora of North America North of Mexico, volume 25. Barkworth, Mary E., Capels, K. M., Long, S., and Piep, M. B., editors. 65–105. Oxford University Press.

Identifier:

21959

Data source:

Smithsonian Libraries and Archives

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:slasro_21959

Artist:

Jeff Wilson, born Aug 1975  Search this

Sitter:

Ramon Ayala, born 8 Dec 1945  Search this

Medium:

Inkjet print

Dimensions:

Image: 45.7 x 37.1 cm (18 x 14 5/8")

Sheet: 50.8 x 40.6 cm (20 x 16")

Mat: 71.1 x 55.9 cm (28 x 22")

Type:

Photograph

Date:

2004 (printed 2011)

Topic:

Exterior\Landscape\Rural  Search this

Nature & Environment\Plant\Tree  Search this

Music\Musical instrument\Accordion  Search this

Ramon Ayala: Male  Search this

Ramon Ayala: Performing Arts\Performer\Musician  Search this

Ramon Ayala: Grammy  Search this

Portrait  Search this

Credit Line:

National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; gift of Bill and Sally Wittliff

Object number:

C/NPG.2011.29

Restrictions & Rights:

Usage conditions apply

Copyright:

© Jeff Wilson

See more items in:

National Portrait Gallery Collection

Data Source:

National Portrait Gallery

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm486da5a09-a720-4897-b202-011822c15695

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:npg_C_NPG.2011.29

Artist:

Harry Benson, born 02 Dec 1929  Search this

Sitter:

Barbra Streisand, born 24 Apr 1942  Search this

Dimensions:

Frame: 65.7 x 78.4cm (25 7/8 x 30 7/8")

Type:

Photograph

Place:

United States\New York\Kings\New York

Date:

1966

Topic:

Nature & Environment\Plant\Tree  Search this

Equipment\Sound Devices\Microphone  Search this

Exterior\Park  Search this

Human Figures\Policeman  Search this

Human Figures\Crowd  Search this

Barbra Streisand: Female  Search this

Barbra Streisand: Performing Arts\Performer\Actor\Theater  Search this

Barbra Streisand: Performing Arts\Director\Motion pictures  Search this

Barbra Streisand: Performing Arts\Producer\Motion pictures  Search this

Barbra Streisand: Society and Social Change\Philanthropist  Search this

Barbra Streisand: Performing Arts\Performer\Actor\Movie  Search this

Barbra Streisand: Performing Arts\Performer\Musician\Singer\Popular  Search this

Barbra Streisand: Oscar  Search this

Barbra Streisand: Presidential Medal of Freedom  Search this

Barbra Streisand: Peabody Award  Search this

Barbra Streisand: Grammy  Search this

Portrait  Search this

Credit Line:

Owner: Harry Benson Ltd.

Object number:

EXH.HB.024

Restrictions & Rights:

Usage conditions apply

Copyright:

© Harry Benson Ltd. All rights reserved

See more items in:

Catalog of American Portraits

Data Source:

Catalog of American Portraits

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4b95f0094-13ca-4e78-8449-f6dea9a49a57

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:npg_EXH.HB.024

Artist:

Morgan Monceaux, 9 May 1955 - 31 May 2017  Search this

Sitter:

Dinah Washington, 8 August 1924 - 14 December 1963  Search this

Medium:

Mixed media: black marker, pastel, tempera-type paint, fabric, metal, plastic, glass, adhesive, and graphite on paper

Dimensions:

Sheet: 104.5 x 79.2cm (41 1/8 x 31 3/16")

Type:

Collage

Date:

1992-94

Topic:

Costume\Jewelry\Necklace  Search this

Costume\Jewelry\Earring  Search this

Costume\Jewelry\Ring  Search this

Nature & Environment\Plant\Flower  Search this

Costume\Jewelry\Bracelet  Search this

Costume\Headgear\Headdress\Tiara  Search this

Dinah Washington: Female  Search this

Dinah Washington: Performing Arts\Performer\Musician\Singer  Search this

Dinah Washington: Performing Arts\Performer\Musician\Singer\Popular  Search this

Dinah Washington: Performing Arts\Performer\Musician\Singer\Jazz  Search this

Dinah Washington: Performing Arts\Performer\Musician\Singer\Rhythm and Blues  Search this

Dinah Washington: Grammy  Search this

Portrait  Search this

Credit Line:

National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution

Object number:

NPG.2003.79

Restrictions & Rights:

Usage conditions apply

Copyright:

© Morgan Monceaux / Artists Rights Society

See more items in:

National Portrait Gallery Collection

Data Source:

National Portrait Gallery

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4a0f30fa4-f26c-4bd3-985d-3bb4b4a19e9a

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:npg_NPG.2003.79

Artist:

Herman Leonard, 1923 - 2010  Search this

Sitter:

Dizzy Gillespie, 21 Oct 1917 - 6 Jan 1993  Search this

Medium:

Selenium-toned gelatin silver print

Dimensions:

Image: 39.5 × 30.5cm (15 9/16 × 12")

Sheet: 50.4 × 40.6cm (19 13/16 × 16")

Frame: 71.8 × 56.5 × 3.8 cm (28 1/4 × 22 1/4 × 1 1/2")

Type:

Photograph

Place:

United States\New York\Kings\New York

Date:

1948 (printed 1998)

Topic:

Music\Musical instrument  Search this

Costume\Dress Accessory\Eyeglasses  Search this

Nature & Environment\Plant  Search this

Music\Musical instrument\Trumpet  Search this

Dizzy Gillespie: Male  Search this

Dizzy Gillespie: Performing Arts\Performer\Musician\Jazz  Search this

Dizzy Gillespie: Performing Arts\Performer\Musician\Horn player\Trumpeter  Search this

Dizzy Gillespie: Grammy  Search this

Portrait  Search this

Credit Line:

National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution

Object number:

NPG.2014.111.12

Restrictions & Rights:

Usage conditions apply

Copyright:

© Herman Leonard Photography LLC

See more items in:

National Portrait Gallery Collection

Data Source:

National Portrait Gallery

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4acbdd0ae-674b-4dc9-8ee8-459bbad8b791

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:npg_NPG.2014.111.12