Search Results

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

1950-1953

Scope and Contents:

Documents relating to Arofo's personal and work life are not included among these materials. There are a few items relating to the American Trust Company which

Biographical / Historical:

Julian S. Arofo was born on December 12, 1899, in Daanbantayan, Cebu, Philippine Islands.

So far, there are no records mentioning Julian leaving the Philippines. However, according to a Hawai'i Arriving Passenger and Crew List, on March 1, 1924, aboard SS Shinyo Maru, Julian arrived in Honolulu. It was be assumed that Julian emigrated to Hawaii to be employed by the Hawaiian Sugar Plantation Association like many Filipino immigrants. In later years, Julian would make his way to Stockton, California, living in at the Daguhoy Lodge at 203 East Hazelton Avenue, as listed on his World War II Draft Card. On February 14, 1942, Julian registered for his military. At the time, he stood 5 feet, 2 inches and weighed 140 pounds. By 1950, Julian continues to reside in Stockton after his military service. He worked as a laborer, earning little wages.

Julian was not only dedicated to his work but also actively engaged in his community. He was a proud member of the Legionarios del Trabajo: Dagohoy Lodge No. 528. Through his association with the fraternity, he contributed to the welfare and rights of laborers, emphasizing the importance of solidarity and mutual support among fellow workers.

On January 4, 1976, at the age of 77, Julian S Arofo died. He is buried at San Joaquin Catholic Cemetery.

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research.

Collection Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

Filipino Agricultural Workers Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Sponsor:

Processing and encoding funded by a grant from the American Women History Initiative, 2023.

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.1515, Series 2

See more items in:

Filipino Agricultural Workers Collection

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep83f325daf-223b-4690-988c-3ab5d8324442

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-1515-ref21

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

1921-1954, undated

Biographical / Historical:

Sixto Olaco was born on April 19, 1892, in Candijay, Bohol, Philippines. At the age of twenty-four, Sixto set sail to Honolulu, Hawaii, aboard the S.S. Shinyo Maru. He was part of a large group of Filipino men from different parts of the Philippines who boarded the ship to work for the Hawaiian Sugar Plantation Association. According to the Hawaii arriving passenger and crew list, the ship arrived on July 12, 1917. There is a possibility that Sixto remained in Honolulu for a year. His World War I registration card documents his residence from 1917 to 1918. Olaco's arrival in California is documented in the United States index to alien case files, which lists February 1, 1921, to be his arrival date in San Francisco. In addition, according to the 1930 Federal Census, Sixto Olaco was listed as a single roomer in a house at N Street in Sacramento, California. The census mentioned that he worked as a laborer that worked odd jobs, which are not uncommon for Filipino immigrants at the time. Sixto would continue living in Sacramento and worked as a laborer for a couple more years, as recorded in a 1945 city drectories. Olaco died on October 7, 1961 at the age of sixty nine in Luis Obispo County in California at Arroyo Grande Cemetery.

*Conflicting birth dates: World War I Draft Registration, Apr 19, 1892. Index to Alien Case Files, April 1, 1894. 1930 United States Federal Census, about 1891. Social Security Application and Claims Index, April 9 189,

*Conflicting death date in California Death Index, October 1961. United States grave index October 19, 1961.

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research.

Collection Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

Filipino Agricultural Workers Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Sponsor:

Processing and encoding funded by a grant from the American Women History Initiative, 2023.

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.1515, Series 15

See more items in:

Filipino Agricultural Workers Collection

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8fac4e92a-7368-4578-ae14-ec4e3c644191

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-1515-ref155

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

1920-1928, undated

Biographical / Historical:

Eufericino Janier was born on December 27, 1896 in the Philippines. Records relating to Eufericino's early life and family could not be found. According to an arriving passenger and crew list, Janier arrived in Honolulu, Hawaii aboard the SS Golden State on October 19, 1921. It can be assumed that Eufericino traveled to Hawaii, like many Filipino men during the 1920s, to work at the Hawaiian sugar plantation. At the moment, there are no historical records mentioning Eufericino leaving Hawaii. According to California state death index, Eufericino passed away on July 5, 1970 in Stockton, California, which indicated that he left Hawaii to move to California.

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research.

Collection Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

Filipino Agricultural Workers Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Sponsor:

Processing and encoding funded by a grant from the American Women History Initiative, 2023.

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.1515, Series 10

See more items in:

Filipino Agricultural Workers Collection

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep878624c66-e217-4b73-a70c-a1c78cf6b8fe

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-1515-ref75

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

1925-1945, undated

Biographical / Historical:

Cesario H. Comparativo was born on February 25, 1906, in Tubigon, Bohol, Philippines. * The historical records mention no information about Cesario's early life, except that his highest completed education is of the 8th grade level. At the age of twenty-two, Cesario left his homeland and set sail aboard President Cleveland to Honolulu, Hawai'i, which departed from Manila on December 2, 1924. Twenty days later, Cesario would arrive in Honolulu along with many other Filipino immigrants to be employed by Hawaii's sugar plantations. His employment would only last for a couple of months, before leaving Honolulu aboard the President Taft on August 20, 1925, landing on the port of San Francisco, California days later. As Cesario settles in the Northern parts of California, it is assumed that Cesario started his job in the fields of Central Valley. A 1930 Federal Census reveals that Cesario's occupation was that of a farm laborer, living with fellow Filipino men on Georgiana Slough Road, in Sacramento, California. By 1940, Cesario moved to San Joaquin, working 70 hours a week as a Field Worker and earning $800, hardly enough to be able to financially support himself. For five years, Cesario dedicated him life to his military service. On October 16, 1940, Cesario registered for the World War II Draft and remained pursuing his military service in the Navy Branch until his honarable discharge on November 1, 1945. In later years, after the completion of his military service, Cesario seek love. According to a California, Marriage Index, on June 6, 1955, Cesario marries Erma E. Knight. This marriage would only last for a few years as a 1958 City Directories showed that by 1958, the couple were no longer living together. It is unclear when the couple divorced as, for now, there are no historical record indicating Cesario and Erma's divorce. However, according to a 1970, 1972, and 1974 city directories, Cesario would remarry to a woman named Angelina. Angelina's maiden name is unknown as records document she took on her husband's last name. Cesario died on October 4, 1990 at the age of eighty-four.

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research.

Collection Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

Filipino Agricultural Workers Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Sponsor:

Processing and encoding funded by a grant from the American Women History Initiative, 2023.

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.1515, Series 6

See more items in:

Filipino Agricultural Workers Collection

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep837e3b714-f1af-470d-abf7-27803ef4788e

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-1515-ref41

Creator:

National Museum of the American Indian  Search this

Type:

Symposia

Lectures

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2021-10-25T16:16:41.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Native Americans;American Indians  Search this

See more by:

SmithsonianNMAI

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

YouTube Channel:

SmithsonianNMAI

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_8okAIJxirAk

Creator:

National Museum of the American Indian  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2018-02-23T15:03:47.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Native Americans;American Indians  Search this

See more by:

SmithsonianNMAI

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

YouTube Channel:

SmithsonianNMAI

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_OfaLDIgw0A8

Creator:

Human Studies Film Archives  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2013-07-12T18:37:06.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Anthropology  Search this

See more by:

HSFAFilmClips

Data Source:

Human Studies Film Archives

YouTube Channel:

HSFAFilmClips

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_KCFiEYw01zo

Creator:

Human Studies Film Archives  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2013-07-12T18:35:20.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Anthropology  Search this

See more by:

HSFAFilmClips

Data Source:

Human Studies Film Archives

YouTube Channel:

HSFAFilmClips

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_PzYjDyy3KCw

Creator:

Human Studies Film Archives  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2013-07-12T18:35:47.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Anthropology  Search this

See more by:

HSFAFilmClips

Data Source:

Human Studies Film Archives

YouTube Channel:

HSFAFilmClips

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_RJM0PbFH_90

Creator:

Human Studies Film Archives  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2013-08-06T18:18:52.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Anthropology  Search this

See more by:

HSFAFilmClips

Data Source:

Human Studies Film Archives

YouTube Channel:

HSFAFilmClips

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_z6igFDgpjNc

Creator:

Smithsonian Channel  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2016-10-28T21:57:00.000Z

YouTube Category:

Entertainment  Search this

See more by:

smithsonianchannel

Data Source:

Smithsonian Channel

YouTube Channel:

smithsonianchannel

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_Z6LdDBnnURk

Creator:

National Portrait Gallery  Search this

Type:

Conversations and talks

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2022-08-17T18:26:45.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Portraits  Search this

See more by:

NatlPortraitGallery

Data Source:

National Portrait Gallery

YouTube Channel:

NatlPortraitGallery

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_AcSP7WIRUqU

Creator:

National Zoo  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2021-05-03T16:09:28.000Z

YouTube Category:

Pets & Animals  Search this

Topic:

Zoology;Animals;Veterinary medicine;Animal health  Search this

See more by:

SmithsonianNZP

Data Source:

National Zoo

YouTube Channel:

SmithsonianNZP

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_my5rAUB0Elg

Former owner:

Carter, Robert Wormley, ca. 1735-1797  Search this

Wellford, Armistead Nelson  Search this

Wellford, Dabney S. Rev  Search this

Wellford, Hill B.  Search this

Carter, Landon, 1710-1778  Search this

Carter, Elizabeth, 1717-1806  Search this

Carter, Winifred, ca.1740  Search this

Wellford, Robert, 1775-1844  Search this

Wellford, Ida  Search this

Wellford, William  Search this

Wellford, Katherine Davis  Search this

Carter, Katherine  Search this

Carter, Elizabeth Merrie  Search this

Carter, Landon, II  Search this

Collection Creator:

Garden Club of America  Search this

Type:

Archival materials

Place:

Sabine Hall (Warsaw, Virginia)

United States of America -- Virginia -- Richmond County -- Warsaw

Scope and Contents:

The folder includes worksheets and photocopies from publications.

General:

Sabine Hall is a plantation residence in the Georgian style built by Robert "King" Carter for his son Colonel Landon Carter, circa 1730, on a property of 4,000 acres, in an axial plan with formal parterre gardens. Sabine Hall was named for Horace's Roman villa and passed down through the Carter family for nine generations. The family kept the original geometric plan intact, although not all the beds were planted over time. Facing the Rappahannock River, and encompassing several hundred feet are six terraced beds with connecting grass ramps, with a centered gravel walk nearly six feet wide leading from the porch steps into the first terrace. Gravel walks continued to at least the second and third terraces. The first terrace, planted in grass, was called a bowling green. There were formal flower beds planted in a symmetrical English style on the second terrace. The third terrace was likely planted in small fruits and medicinal herbs, the fourth and fifth terraces planted in vegetables, and the sixth with fruit trees. There was another vegetable garden (the kitchen garden) planted with necessities that did not conform to the aesthetics of the parterres, planted beyond the boxwood hedges, out of sight from the house. The fifth and sixth terraces were not maintained into the 20th century, but the outlines remain. The borders were hedged in boxwood. The front portico of the house has leads to a planted lawn surrounded and interplanted with both native and imported tree species.

Colonel Landon Carter is presumed to have been responsible for the initial geometrical design of the garden, based on 17th century English and Continental precepts. Indentured English gardeners may have been early workers, as well as slaves passed down through family bequests. The third owner, Robert Wormeley Carter, named slave gardeners in his will of 1794.

Flowers mentioned by Landon Carter include bulbs, roses, and wildflowers. Vegetables included artichokes, French beans, broccoli, cabbages, carrots, cauliflower, cucumbers, endives, lettuce, melons, mushrooms, onions, parsley, peas, potatoes, radishes, savoys, spinach, and turnips.

Following ownership by Colonel Landon Carter (1710-1778) and his wife Elizabeth Wormeley of Rosegill, the estate passed to Robert Wormeley Carter and his wife Winifred Beale; then to their son Colonel Landon Carter II and his wife Katharine Tayloe of Mount Airy; next to Robert Wormeley Carter II and his wife Elizabeth Merrie Tayloe of Mount Airy. Ownership then skipped a generation and went to Robert Carter Wellford (a grandson) in 1861, who married Elizabeth Harrison of Berkeley. She died in 1919, leaving Sabine Hall to two sons, Armistead Nelson Wellford and his wife Katherine Davis and William Harrison Wellford and his wife Ida Beverly. The property was passed on to ensuing sons, the Reverend Dabney S. Wellford and Hill B. Wellford.

Persons associated with the garden include the Carter family (1730) and their descendents.

Related Materials:

Sabine Hall related holdings consist of 1 folder (12 35 mm. slides (photographs))

Collection Restrictions:

Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Rights:

Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Topic:

Gardens -- Virginia -- Warsaw  Search this

Plantations  Search this

Gardens, English  Search this

Vegetable gardening  Search this

Parterres  Search this

Terraces  Search this

Collection Citation:

Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.

Sponsor:

A project to describe images in this finding aid received Federal support from the Smithsonian Collections Care Initiative, administered by the National Collections Program.

Identifier:

AAG.GCA, File VA009

See more items in:

The Garden Club of America collection

The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Virginia

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Gardens

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6978b12aa-84e7-4a13-abe2-452ff77d35dd

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref18924

Collection Creator:

Garden Club of America  Search this

Extent:

1 Photograph (lantern slide, hand-colored, 3.25 x 4 in.)

Type:

Archival materials

Photographs

Lantern slides

Place:

Wakefield (Westmoreland County, Virginia)

United States of America -- Virginia -- Westmoreland County

Date:

[between 1914 and 1949?]

Varying Form:

Popes Creek Plantation

General:

The glass slide is cracked.

Historic plate number: "53."

Historic plate caption: "Wakefield."

Collection Restrictions:

Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Rights:

Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Topic:

Gardens -- Virginia  Search this

Summer  Search this

Driveways  Search this

Lawns  Search this

Shrubs  Search this

Gazebos  Search this

Houses  Search this

Genre/Form:

Lantern slides

Collection Citation:

Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.

Sponsor:

A project to describe images in this finding aid received Federal support from the Smithsonian Collections Care Initiative, administered by the National Collections Program.

Identifier:

AAG.GCA, Item VA111001

See more items in:

The Garden Club of America collection

The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Virginia / VA111: Unidentified -- Wakefield

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Gardens

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6a5788e9c-d3ba-47c1-905c-a3742708b9c1

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref20037

Former owner:

James, Harriet Eddy  Search this

James, Arthur Curtiss  Search this

Gardener:

Greatorex, John  Search this

Rosarian:

Foote, Harriett Risley, 1863-  Search this

Contractor:

Peckham Brothers  Search this

Hempstead of Boston  Search this

Lantern slide maker:

Van Altena, Edward  Search this

Landscape architect:

Olmsted Brothers  Search this

Provenance:

Garden Club of New Haven  Search this

Creator:

Powell, Alan, M/Ms  Search this

Hamilton, Samuel, Mrs  Search this

Collection Creator:

Garden Club of America  Search this

Type:

Archival materials

Place:

Beacon Hill (Newport, Rhode Island)

United States of America -- Rhode Island -- Newport County -- Newport

Scope and Contents:

The folder includes correspondence, articles and information sheet compiled by GCA representative.

Biographical / Historical:

After Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Curtiss James's deaths, the gardens, with their pergolas, pools, and walls, fell into disrepair, ravaged by time and invasive trees and shrubs. The estate was subdivided into 3.25-acre parcels in the 1970s, and sold by developers as single home sites—with the remnants of the Blue Garden on one of the sites. Through the generosity of Dorrance H. Hamilton, a Newport summer resident, philanthropist, and garden enthusiast, the Blue Garden was rescued from its demise and rebuilt in 2014. A team, led by Parker Construction, Reed Hilderbrand Landscape Architects, and Arleyn A. Levee, Olmsted Historian, restored the garden to its former glory, using as reference original Olmsted plans, drawings, photographs, and correspondence from the Frederick Law Olmsted National Historic Site, the Library of Congress, the Archives of American Gardens, and the Redwood Library, among other repositories. As the name suggests, the Blue Garden incorporates a palette of blues early in the season and transitions to lavender blues and purples, with touches of white, as the summer progresses. Over 250 evergreen trees and flowering shrubs enclose the garden, and contribute to its designation as an arboretum. The Blue Garden is known today as a classic example of American landscape art and a triumph of historic preservation. The garden is open for tours on Thursdays from mid-June through early October. Photographs of the restoration and information are available at thebluegarden.org.

General:

"There is an austere elegance about a green garden; pink or yellow or red are frivolous except as accents, but the garden that appeals to the romantic, universal soul is the blue garden. That is why the Blue Garden of Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Curtiss James was the ultimate goal of so many Newport Pilgrims. A very stately garden it is with the iridescent quality which blue flowers that really are mauve and purple and grayish, rather than true, sharp blue, impart. Its irregular symmetry makes it difficult to describe without a ground plan. At the two far distant ends are colonnades with gray rocks and irregular green plantations beyond, and the lower end is a circle of matchless turf whose boundary is rock and shrubs. The upper part is a circle, too, formed by a rustic lattice of slender split branches over which grow Clematis Jackmanii, mauve Sweet-peas and other charming creepers, backed by Cedars and Pines. In the center are two pools fed by water that trickles from beneath the colonnade."

"A thousand foot rose garden was blasted out of granite rock. A long grass allee originated by the reflecting pool, was planted with 5,000 roses of many varieties. The allee ascended several levels of stone walls and steps and climaxed under a high granite cliff, where a splendid stone and ironwork balustrade and imposing pergola were located. Mr. James died in 1942, all the roses were dug and sold and nature moved in to sow her seeds."

Persons associated with the property include: Arthur Curtiss James (former owner, 1909-1940); Olmsted Brothers (landscape architects); John Greatorex (superintendent of grounds and landscape gardener); Harriet R. Foote (garden designer and rosarian); Peckham Brothers (contractors for rose garden); Hempstead of Boston (landscape contractors/superintendent); Edward Van Altena (lantern slide maker).

Related Materials:

Beacon Hill, RI related holdings consist of 3 folders (5 hand colored glass lantern slides; 35 35mm slides (photographs); 5 8X10 glass plate negatives)

Records related to this site can be found at the Frederick Law Olmsted National Historic Site, Olmsted Job Number 03558, Arthur Curtiss James.

See others in:

Thomas Warren Sears photograph collection, 1900-1966. Perry Wheeler Collection, ca. 1880-1984. Richard Marchand historical postcard collection

Collection Restrictions:

Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Rights:

Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Topic:

Gardens -- Rhode Island -- Newport  Search this

Collection Citation:

Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.

Sponsor:

A project to describe images in this finding aid received Federal support from the Smithsonian Collections Care Initiative, administered by the National Collections Program.

Identifier:

AAG.GCA, File RI035

See more items in:

The Garden Club of America collection

The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Rhode Island

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Gardens

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6c8ae0a2a-d3c7-4b67-9873-badab4bb3b2d

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref10568

Creator:

Pillow, Gideon Johnson  Search this

Williams, Henry Melville  Search this

Ridley, J. W. S.  Search this

Architect:

Vaught, Nathan  Search this

Collection Creator:

Garden Club of America  Search this

Extent:

1 Slides (photographs) (col.)

Type:

Archival materials

Slides (photographs)

Place:

Tennessee -- Columbia

United States of America -- Tennessee -- Maury County -- Columbia

Date:

1987

General:

Facing west toward east wing wall from plantation office. Scribe lines on this wall indicate a building once connected these.

Collection Restrictions:

Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Rights:

Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Topic:

Spring  Search this

Houses -- brick  Search this

Collection Citation:

Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.

Sponsor:

A project to describe images in this finding aid received Federal support from the Smithsonian Collections Care Initiative, administered by the National Collections Program.

Identifier:

AAG.GCA, Item TN021006

See more items in:

The Garden Club of America collection

The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Tennessee / TN021: Columbia -- Clifton Place

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Gardens

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb674030f55-54f2-484b-ae47-8d1671e35c6e

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref10993

Photographer:

Wiedenman, Charlotte  Search this

Garden designer:

Phelps, Claudia (Claudia Lea)  Search this

Provenance:

The Garden Club of Aiken (Aiken, South Carolina )  Search this

Collection Creator:

Garden Club of America  Search this

Type:

Archival materials

Digital images

Slides (35mm transparencies)

Place:

Rose Hill Estate (Aiken, South Carolina)

United States of America – South Carolina – Aiken County – Aiken

Scope and Contents:

1 35mm slides (1942), 24 digital images (2023) and 2 file folders (one physical, one digital).

General:

Rose Hill was the estate of Sheffield and Claudia (nee Lea) Phelps. The 4.14 acre estate encompasses an entire city block at one of the highest points in Aiken, South Carolina. It was built as a winter retreat for the Phelps family of Teaneck, New Jersey on the site of an antebellum plantation that had burned. Aiken is situated in the western sand hills of South Carolina, a high sandy ridge situated across the midlands of the State. It is known for its sandy, rapidly draining soil and thus a lower annual humidity compared to other areas in South Carolina. The sandy soil also provides excellent footing for equestrian pursuits. Due to its favorable climate, Aiken became a health and sporting retreat in the late 1800s to early 1900s and thus a "Winter Colony" of wealthy Northerners was formed. Those that could afford a second home would build estates that were typical of the English Country aesthetic with pleasure grounds having both formal and woodland areas using native trees and shrubs as well as exotic ornamentals that looked as if they naturally belonged.

Mrs. Phelps designed her garden after the house was constructed in 1901. The front half of the property includes the home, the garden and a former tennis court; the back half was the working portion of the property with a large stable, dog kennel, carriage house and dependency cottages. Claudia Phelps was both a gardener and keen plant collector. She sourced plants from around the globe through familial connections, her travels abroad and through trade with fellow gardeners. Fruitlands Nursery in Augusta, Georgia, now the home of the Augusta National, was a local source for many of the plants at Rose Hill. Mrs. Phelps was a highly regarded Camellia japonica collector and Rose Hill has many old varieties that one does not typically see in the large retail garden centers. She produced a pamphlet on camellia cultivation and kept detailed lists of her collection. Her botanical book collection was donated to the Thomas Cooper Library of the University of South Carolina. Most notable in the collection were the rare books about camellias.

The garden demonstrates strong axes with hedges of cherry laurel and azaleas that line the garden paths. The pathways lead to water features and a summer tea cottage. Situated between the walkways are expanses of lawn that are dotted with ornamentals especially winter blooming plants like camellias and native azaleas. She made use of the iron cemented sandstone that is unique to the sand hills region. It is frequently found in old Aiken gardens. She used it to edge pathways and beds, to build seating areas, pediments, fountains, planters, and pond edging. The former tennis courts were converted by Mrs. Phelps first to a boxwood maze and then later to a lawn with a brick gazebo in the center. Legend recounts that the tennis court encouraged too much drinking and gambling so she converted the court into a garden area and placed a gazebo in the center.

In 1924, Mrs. Phelps invited 24 women to Rose Hill to form the Garden Club of Aiken, South Carolina's first garden club. In 1930, she would go on to help found the Garden Club of South Carolina and would be elected its first president and only lifetime president. She patterned many of the endeavors of the Garden Club of Aiken after those of the Garden Club of America.

The Rose Hill garden fell into considerable neglect in the late 1980s. Using garden notes from Mrs. Phelps' lead gardener, her great-granddaughter, Stephanie Wilds, was able to return the garden to much of its original layout. Today Rose Hill retains many relics that were described in the 1935 book, Carolina Gardens, by E.T.H. Shaffer. He remarks that Mrs. Phelps beautifully combines plants native to South Carolina, the Southeast and those from far off places. Mrs. Phelps died in 1955. Her daughter, Claudia Lea Phelps, also an active member of the Garden Club of Aiken and the Garden Club of South Carolina, lived at the property her entire life. She died in 1974. Rose Hill is a private property that has operated as an inn and events facility for the past twenty years.

Persons associated with the garden's design: Claudia Phelps (nee Lea) (plant collector, designer, gardener, 1898-1955); Claudia Lea Phelps (gardener, 1924-1974); Stephanie Wilds (gardener, 1991-2003).

Related Materials:

Home movies of the garden are located in the Phelps sisters collection, The University of South Carolina University Libraries in Columbia, South Carolina.

Collection Restrictions:

Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Rights:

Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Topic:

Gardens -- South Carolina -- Aiken  Search this

Private gardens  Search this

Landscape gardens  Search this

Formal gardens  Search this

Historic landscapes  Search this

Allées  Search this

Benches  Search this

Containers  Search this

Exedrae (site elements)  Search this

Fountains  Search this

Garden walks  Search this

Sculptures  Search this

Teahouses  Search this

Tennis courts  Search this

Terraces  Search this

Wall fountains  Search this

Pools  Search this

Genre/Form:

Digital images

Slides (35mm transparencies)

Collection Citation:

Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.

Sponsor:

A project to describe images in this finding aid received Federal support from the Smithsonian Collections Care Initiative, administered by the National Collections Program.

Identifier:

AAG.GCA, File SC016

See more items in:

The Garden Club of America collection

The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / South Carolina

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Gardens

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6a0bd962f-9976-4567-a25f-1bfb413d6a6a

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref12433

Collection Creator:

Garden Club of America  Search this

Type:

Archival materials

Collection Restrictions:

Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Rights:

Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Citation:

Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.

Sponsor:

A project to describe images in this finding aid received Federal support from the Smithsonian Collections Care Initiative, administered by the National Collections Program.

Identifier:

AAG.GCA, File SC007

See more items in:

The Garden Club of America collection

The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / South Carolina

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Gardens

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb67c379446-c9b3-40c2-a2cf-c97d6cf4ff34

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref12442

Collection Creator:

Garden Club of America  Search this

Type:

Archival materials

Collection Restrictions:

Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Rights:

Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Citation:

Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.

Sponsor:

A project to describe images in this finding aid received Federal support from the Smithsonian Collections Care Initiative, administered by the National Collections Program.

Identifier:

AAG.GCA, File SC058

See more items in:

The Garden Club of America collection

The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / South Carolina

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Gardens

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6cf6f6f24-1cd6-405c-8a7a-4538826e440a

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref12478