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Lockwood-Greene Records

Creator:
Lockwood Greene Engineers, Incorporated  Search this
Lockwood-Greene Company  Search this
Whitman, David  Search this
Greene, Stephen  Search this
Lockwood, Amos  Search this
Former owner:
National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of History of Technology  Search this
National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Mechanical and Civil Engineering  Search this
Extent:
270 Cubic feet (233 boxes, 850 oversize folders)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Linen tracings
Paper flimsies
Business records
Design drawings
Blueprints
Patents
Specifications
Reports
Photograph albums
Photographs
Trade literature
Date:
1784-2004, undated
bulk 1915-1930
Summary:
The engineering firm that became Lockwood Greene was founded by David Whitman, a mill engineer, in 1832. Amos D. Lockwood, a consultant, succeeded Whitman and entered a partnership with Stephen Greene in 1882. The firm specialized in industrial engineering and construction; they designed and built a wide variety of structures and work environments worldwide over the next century. Lockwood Greene was acquired by CH2M HILL in December, 2003. Before its acquisition by CH2MHILL it was reportedly the oldest industrial engineering, construction, and professional services firm in the United States.
Scope and Contents:
The Lockwood Greene records are a comprehensive range of documents related to the appraisal, building, construction, design, evaluation, and engineering of facilities for a variety of clients. The material covers the entire period of industrialization of the United States, and, provides a thorough record of the textile industry, both in New England and the South. Some of the textile mills are documented with unusual completeness, showing water and steam power layouts, factory village plans, and landscaping schedules. A broad range of other building typologies is also covered, including projects with public or retail functions, such as early automobile showrooms, hospitals, apartments and private dwellings, churches, and schools.

In-depth study of the company's earliest history is hampered by a scarcity of records, many of which were lost in the great fire that destroyed Boston's city center in 1872. Nevertheless, graphic and textual evidence does exist within the collection that illuminates these early projects, in addition to the fabric of surviving buildings. The Lockwood Greene records document several commissions that the firm would return to again and again over the course of many decades as clients requested plant additions, upgrades to mechanical and operating systems, and other substantive changes. Researchers are encouraged to examine the blueprints, elevations, and plans for these later additions in order to find illustrations of the firm's earlier interventions at the site. In addition to drawings, other visual evidence for nineteenth-century projects can be found in the company's extensive photo files, which often document structures for which drawings do not exist.

The Lockwood Greene records contain an abundance of graphic and textual evidence for structures designed after 1910 until the 1930s. After this period, visual documentation becomes much more limited. This is partially due to the evolution of drafting tools and information management technologies within the architecture and engineering profession. Lockwood Greene was an early adopter of technological innovations in rendering and data capture, beginning with the introduction of aperture cards and microfilm and extending to the adoption of computer-aided design (CAD) programs. These more modern formats were not part of the acquisition, and, at the time of writing, still reside with the company.

The Lockwood-Greene collection will be of interest to historians of architecture and engineering, as well as those that study the history of business and labor relations. It provides extensive textual and documentary evidence on the evolution and growth of American engineering and the increasing professionalization of the discipline through specialization during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. Rich holdings of architectural drawings, photographs, and specifications provide unparalleled resources that trace the evolution of industrial buildings and their typologies; experimentation with building materials and systems, particularly with regards to fireproofing; and the history of textile manufacture in the United States. In addition, there is also rich visual and documentary evidence of the changing relationships between corporations and their employees through photographs, plans, and designs for company towns and mill villages, as well as through corporate records that illustrate the work culture of Lockwood Greene itself. The Lockwood-Greene collection will be of special interest to historic preservationists as the awareness of the significance of industrial and vernacular buildings continues to grow, and detailed design drawings and other visual material will be of especial value for restoration, rehabilitation, and adaptive-reuse projects.
Arrangement:
The collection is divided into six series.

Series 1, Project Drawings, Renderings, and Plans, 1784-1969, undated

Series 2, Photographs and Slides, 1881-2001, undated

Subseries 2.1: Photo Albums, 1906-1934

Subseries 2.2: Photographic Files, 1881-1956

Subseries 2.3: Spartanburg Office Photographic File, 1948-1974

Subseries 2.4: Spartanburg Office Photographic File, 1919-1999

Subseries 2.5: Project Negatives and Transparencies, 1956-1970

Subseries 2.6: Project Slides and Transparencies, 1985-2001

Subseries 2.7: Project Slides and Transparencies, Culls, 1974-2001

Subseries 2.8: Project Slides and Transparencies, Corporate Photography, 1976-1998

Subseries 2.9: Photograph Album Covers, 1920, undated

Series 3: Job Files, 1872-1957, undated

Subseries 3.1, Specifications, 1913-1942, undated

Subseries 3.2: List of Drawings, 1872-1951, undated

Subseries 3.3: Project Files, 1919-1969, undated

Subseries 3.4: Reports, 1913-1969

Subseries 3.5: Job Cost Records, 1913-1957, undated

Series 4, Corporate Records and History, 1881-2004, undated

Subseries 4.1: Meeting Minutes, 1913-1995

Subseries 4.2: Corporate Files, 1891-2004, undated

Subseries 4.3: Historical Research and Reference Files and Photographs, 1881-1983, undated

Subseries 4.4: Corporate Publications, 1917-2001, undated

Series 5, Non-Lockwood Greene Publications, 1910-1984, undated

Series 6, Audio-Visual, 1964
Biographical / Historical:
Lockwood Greene, one of the nation's oldest engineering firms, traces it roots to 1832, when Rhode Island native David Whitman began a machinery repair service. Riding the wave of the early industrial revolution in textile manufacturing, Whitman added mill design services to his repertoire, which formed the backbone of a flourishing consulting business for the rest of the century. Whitman was one of the first itinerant mill engineers or "doctors" that traveled throughout New England advising various industrialists on the placement, design, and construction of their factories and the layout of the complicated system of machinery and shafting that they contained. His largest commission was the design of the Bates Manufacturing Company complex in Lewiston, Maine, which was incorporated in 1850 and soon became one of the largest textile producers in New England.

Upon Whitman's death in 1858, his unfinished work was assumed by Amos D. Lockwood, a prominent mill agent and astute businessman who had built a name for himself in Connecticut and Rhode Island. The successful completion of the projects at Lewiston brought enough additional demand for Lockwood's services to prompt him to relocate to Boston, where he formally opened an independent consulting office with partner John W. Danielson in 1871. For the next ten years, A.D. Lockwood & Company was involved in a least eight major mill design projects, half of which were for new construction. One of these projects, the design and construction of the Piedmont Manufacturing Company in Greenville (now Piedmont), South Carolina was especially significant and is considered to be a prototype for the Southern textile industry.

In 1882, Lockwood established a new business, Lockwood, Greene and Company, with Stephen Greene, a professionally-trained civil engineer who had joined the firm in 1879. As the firm grew, it expanded its scope as consultants supplying all of the necessary architectural and engineering services a prospective owner needed to initiate, equip, and run a complete plant. Acting as the owners' representative, the company supervised construction and installation but did not directly act as builders or contractors. Lockwood

Greene's objective expertise was legendary and made it a leader in this emergent field. As Samuel B. Lincoln explains in his history of the company:

"The new firm's knowledge and experience in the textile industry enabled it to analyze samples of cloth and, from such samples, to provide everything necessary for a completed plant to make such goods in any desired quantity. It did not at any time act as selling agents for machinery or equipment, neither did it accept commissions or rebates from suppliers: by this policy it maintained a position as impartial and independent engineer." (pages 105-107)

Greene became president of the company upon Lockwood's death in 1884. Under his leadership, the company expanded into additional industries and designed an array of other industrial building types that would prefigure the diversity of later work. In 1893, the company revolutionized American industry by designing and constructing the first factory whose operating power was provided entirely over electric wires from a remote power plant, rather than relying upon a water source or a stockpiled fuel supply. The Columbia Mills project created a great deal of publicity for the firm and was a signal to other manufacturers that there were viable alternatives to the use of steam power.

As changing economic conditions led Lockwood Greene to move away from its traditional reliance upon the textile manufacturing industry, it was very successful at soliciting projects for a wide variety of structures, from newspaper plants and automotive factories to convention halls and schools. After 1900, Lockwood Greene expanded its operations and opened branch offices in other cities, including Chicago, New York, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Detroit, Atlanta, and Charlotte. In 1915, Edwin F. Greene, president and son of Stephen Greene, reorganized the firm as Lockwood, Greene & Company, Incorporated This new entity served as the parent company and controlled three subsidiaries: one to own and operate cotton mills that Greene had acquired; one to manage other companies' textile mills; and one to provide engineering services.

Lockwood Greene expanded its operations tremendously as the textile industry boomed under wartime demand and in the years following. The severe textile depression from 1923 to 1928 caused the collapse of this structure, however, as Lockwood Greene continued to suffer deep losses in the textile mills that it owned. The parent company was dissolved in 1928 and the engineering subsidiary, which had remained profitable, was salvaged as Lockwood Greene Engineers, Incorporated.

After a rocky start with the onset of the Depression, the company began to prosper during the Second World War and its growth continued steadily throughout the next several decades. In the late 1960s, as a result of declining business, the company's headquarters was transferred from Boston to Spartanburg, South Carolina. In 1981, Phillipp Holtzman USA, a subsidiary of Phillipp Holtzman AG of Frankfurt, Germany, acquired a majority interest in Lockwood Greene. In 2003, CH2M Hill, a global provider of engineering, construction, and operations services based in Denver, Colorado, acquired the company.

From its beginnings under David Whitman, Lockwood Greene has become one of the most diversified engineering firms in the United States. The firm is best known as a designer of industrial and institutional buildings, but the company has become a leader in many additional areas in recent years. Lockwood Greene dominates the market in the design and production of the germ- and dust-free "clean room" facilities required by the pharmaceutical industry and micro-electronics manufacturers. The company has also developed expertise in designing integrated security and networking systems for industrial plants, international port facilities, and military installations worldwide.

Banham, Raynor. A Concrete Atlantis: U.S. Industrial Building and European Modern Architecture, 1900-1925. Cambridge: MIT Press, 1986.

Biggs, Lindy. The Rational Factory: Architecture, Technology, and Work in America's Age of Mass Production. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1996.

Bradley, Betsy Hunter. The Works: The Industrial Architecture of the United States. New York: Oxford University Press, 1999.

Greene, Benjamin Allen. Stephen Greene: Memories of His Life, with Addresses, Resolutions and Other Tributes of Affection. Chicago, R. R. Donnelley & Sons Company, 1903.

Heiser, William J. Lockwood Greene, 1958-1968, Another Period in the History of an Engineering Business. Lockwood Greene Engineers, Incorporated, 1970.

Lincoln, Samuel B. Lockwood Greene: The History of an Engineering Business, 1832-1958. Brattleboro, Vermont: The Stephen Greene Press, 1960.

Lockwood Greene Engineers, Incorporated The Lockwood Greene Story: One-Hundred-Fifty Years of Engineering Progress. Spartanburg, South Carolina: Lockwood Greene Engineers, Incorporated; undated.
Related Materials:
Materials at the Smithsonian Instituion Libraries

"[Trade catalogs from Lockwood, Greene & Co.]", Trade Literature at the American History Museum Books, Smithsonian Institution Libraries
Provenance:
This collection was donated by Lockwood Greene, Spartanburg, South Carolina, 1997 (original drawings). An addendum to the collection was donated by CH2M HILL in 2007.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Architects  Search this
Architecture, Commercial  Search this
Architecture, Domestic  Search this
Building materials  Search this
Buildings  Search this
Construction industry  Search this
Company towns  Search this
Textile mills  Search this
Mills  Search this
Manufacturing industries  Search this
Industrial engineering  Search this
Industrial buildings -- Design and construction  Search this
Industrial buildings  Search this
Engineering  Search this
Factories -- Power supply  Search this
Factories -- Design and construction  Search this
Factories  Search this
Cotton textile industry  Search this
Commercial buildings  Search this
Electric power production  Search this
Genre/Form:
Linen tracings
Paper flimsies
Business records
Design drawings
Blueprints
Patents
Specifications
Reports
Photograph albums
Photographs -- 21st century
Photographs -- 20th century
Trade literature
Photographs -- 1890-1900
Citation:
Lockwood Greene Records, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.1113
See more items in:
Lockwood-Greene Records
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep85090342a-0c7e-4667-8b37-fa0e8309b5ac
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-1113
Online Media:

Hazen Collection of Band Photographs and Ephemera

Creator:
Hazen, Margaret Hindle  Search this
Hazen, Robert M.  Search this
Extent:
13.5 Cubic feet (20 boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Programs
Posters
Stereographs
Sheet music
Picture postcards
Postcards
Pillows
Photographs
Textile fabrics
Ephemera
Cabinet photographs
Cartes-de-visite
Cabinet prints
Ambrotypes
Advertisements
Newspapers
Date:
circa 1818-1931
Scope and Contents:
Large collection of photographs, picture postcards, printed ephemera, and music related to the brass band movement in the United States: includes 8 ambrotypes, 36 tintypes, 59 stereographs, 66 cabinet prints, 90 cartes-de-visite, 150 large photoprints, and 874 picture postcards; also posters, concert programs, instrument manufacturers' advertisemements and ephemera, periodicals, sheet music, etc.
Arrangement:
3 series: (1) photographs; (2) ephemera; and (3) resources in American band history. Series 1 has 7 sub-series: (1) ambrotypes; (2) tintypes; (3) stereographs; (4) cabinet prints; (5) cartes-de-visite; (6) large mounted photoprints; and (7) postcards. Series 2 has 7 sub-series: (1) company ephemera; (2) band ephemera; (3) music; (4) periodicals; (5) oversized paper ephemera; (6) artifacts (3-dimensional); and (7) folio-size broadsides. Geographical arrangement within postcard and stereograph sub-series.
Biographical / Historical:
Dr. and Mrs. Robert M. Hazen formed this collection in conjunction with their research on the American brass band movement.
Provenance:
Collection purchased from Dr. Robert Hazen, May 23, 1985 (1988.3028).
Restrictions:
Unrestricted research use on site. Researchers must handle unprotected photographs with gloves.
Rights:
Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Musicians -- 1900-1950  Search this
Music ensembles -- Photographs  Search this
Musicians -- 1830-1880  Search this
Musical instruments -- Photographs  Search this
Brass bands -- Photographs  Search this
Bandstands  Search this
Bands (Music) -- Photographs  Search this
Periodicals  Search this
Genre/Form:
Programs -- Concerts
Posters
Stereographs
Sheet music -- Manuscripts -- 19th century
Picture postcards
Postcards
Pillows -- Photographs
Photographs -- 1850-1900
Photographs -- 1900-1950
Textile fabrics -- Photographs on
Ephemera
Cabinet photographs
Cartes-de-visite
Cabinet prints
Ambrotypes
Advertisements
Photographs -- 1890-1900
Newspapers
Citation:
Hazen Collection of Band Photographs and Ephemera, ca. 1818-1931, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0253
See more items in:
Hazen Collection of Band Photographs and Ephemera
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep83ead83ed-a86b-439a-a37c-d7c687f40163
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0253
Online Media:

Philadelphia Quickstep (No. 13) [musical composition]

Publisher:
Noll, George M.  Search this
Composer:
Guth?, J.  Search this
Collection Creator:
Hazen, Margaret Hindle  Search this
Hazen, Robert M.  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (Ink on paper, in printed part book., 5.5" x 6.9")
Container:
Box 15, Folder 7, Page 1
Type:
Archival materials
Part books
Musical compositions
Place:
Elkhart (Ind.) -- Industry -- 1890-1900
Date:
[ca. 1895]
Scope and Contents:
Composition by J. Guth? from George M. Noll's cornet part book.
Local Numbers:
AC0253-0000013.tif (AC scan no.)

91-2451 (OPPS Neg.)
Collection Restrictions:
Unrestricted research use on site. Researchers must handle unprotected photographs with gloves.
Rights:
OPPS Neg. 91-2451. Copyright expired; public domain, but the Smithsonian Institution makes no warranty or representation regarding the fitness for publication of information derived from or copies from its collections. Permission to reproduce available through Archives Center and S.I. Office of Printing and Photographic Services.
Topic:
Cornet -- 1890-1900  Search this
Genre/Form:
Part books -- 1890-1900
Musical compositions -- 1890-1900
Collection Citation:
Hazen Collection of Band Photographs and Ephemera, ca. 1818-1931, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
See more items in:
Hazen Collection of Band Photographs and Ephemera
Hazen Collection of Band Photographs and Ephemera / Series 2: Ephemera / 2.3: Music / George M. Noll's cornet part books, ca. 1895. Music used variously by the Center County (PA) Band and the Montrose (PA) Band. Manuscript and printed notations. Negative # 91-2451 (folder 7).
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8412cf934-d19e-4938-9be7-ccf7817834b6
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0253-ref1973

[Band at National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers : stereograph]

Publisher:
Hart, E. H.  Search this
Names:
National Home for Disabled Volunteer Soldiers -- Stereographs  Search this
Collection Creator:
Hazen, Margaret Hindle  Search this
Hazen, Robert M.  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (stereograph, Silver gelatin on paper, mounted., 4.4" x 7.0")
Container:
Box 2, Item 46
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Stereographs
Place:
Fort Monroe (Va.) -- 1890-1900
Date:
Circa 1895
Scope and Contents:
Virginia band on veranda, near Fort Monroe, Va.
Local Numbers:
AC0253-0000005 (AC scan)
Restrictions:
Unrestricted research use by appointment. Photographs must be handled with cotton gloves unless protected by sleeves.
Rights:
OPPS Neg. 91-2453 (left half of stereograph). Copyright expired; public domain, but the Smithsonian Institution makes no warranty or representation regarding the fitness for publication of information derived from or copies from its collections. Permission to reproduce available through Archives Center.
Topic:
Bands (Music) -- 1890-1900.  Search this
Soldiers -- Stereographs.  Search this
Musicians -- Stereographs  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs -- 1850-1900
Stereographs -- 1890-1910
Collection Citation:
Hazen Collection of Band Photographs and Ephemera, ca. 1818-1931, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
See more items in:
Hazen Collection of Band Photographs and Ephemera
Hazen Collection of Band Photographs and Ephemera / Series 1: Photographs / 1.4: Cabinet Prints / Band on veranda of the National Home For Disabled Volunteer Soldiers, Fort Monroe, Virginia. E. H. Hart (Philadelphia), publ. Large mount. Number 88 in publisher's series. (ST 31) Left, neg. # 91-2453.
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8a32a5a7e-c79e-4de6-b6fa-33dd6437882b
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0253-ref1975

[Band with clown faces posed in front of Welcome Home sign : picture postcard.]

Collector:
Hazen, Robert M.  Search this
Hazen, Margaret Hindle  Search this
Collection Creator:
Hazen, Margaret Hindle  Search this
Hazen, Robert M.  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (3.4" x 5.4")
Type:
Archival materials
Photomechanical prints
Photographs
Postcards
Picture postcards
Date:
Circa 1900
Arrangement:
In series 1, subseries 7, box 10, item ?.
Local Numbers:
AC0253-0000017 (AC scan no.)
Restrictions:
Unrestricted research use by appointment. Photographs must be handled with cotton gloves unless protected by sleeves.
Collection Rights:
Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Brass bands -- Photographs  Search this
Musicians -- Photographs -- 1900-1910  Search this
Clowns  Search this
Bands (Music) -- 1900-1910 -- Washington  Search this
Musical instruments -- Photographs -- 1900-1910 -- Washington  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photomechanical prints
Photographs -- 1900-1950
Postcards -- 1900-1910
Picture postcards -- 1890-1910
Collection Citation:
Hazen Collection of Band Photographs and Ephemera, ca. 1818-1931, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
See more items in:
Hazen Collection of Band Photographs and Ephemera
Hazen Collection of Band Photographs and Ephemera / Series 1: Photographs / 1.7: Picture Postcards
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8053b5e52-5f83-4ffc-823a-144e98db8a18
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0253-ref1996

1900. John Philip SOUSA [sic] and His Band in Europe. 1900. [picture postcard.]

Collector:
Hazen, Robert M.  Search this
Hazen, Margaret Hindle  Search this
Publisher:
Zimmermann & Co. (Berlin)  Search this
Names:
Sousa, John Philip, 1854-1932  Search this
Collection Creator:
Hazen, Margaret Hindle  Search this
Hazen, Robert M.  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (Ink on paper., 3.6" x 5.4")
Container:
Box 10, Item 825
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Photomechanical prints
Postcards
Picture postcards
Place:
Germany -- 1900-1910
Frankfurt (Germany)
Date:
1900
Scope and Contents:
Two images on one card. Ink message at bottom: "Frankfurt. Aug. 10th / 90 [?] / My Dear Wife / I shall send you some money..." Publisher's note on side: Zimmermann & Co., Berlin S.W., Besselstr. 5.
Local Numbers:
AC0253-0000021 (AC scan no.)
Collection Restrictions:
Unrestricted research use on site. Researchers must handle unprotected photographs with gloves.
Collection Rights:
Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Brass bands -- Photographs  Search this
Musicians -- Photographs -- 1900-1910  Search this
Bands (Music) -- 1900-1910 -- Washington  Search this
Musical instruments -- Photographs -- 1900-1910 -- Washington  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs -- 1890-1900 -- Reproductions
Photomechanical prints
Postcards -- 1900-1910
Picture postcards -- 1890-1910
Collection Citation:
Hazen Collection of Band Photographs and Ephemera, ca. 1818-1931, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
See more items in:
Hazen Collection of Band Photographs and Ephemera
Hazen Collection of Band Photographs and Ephemera / Series 1: Photographs / 1.7: Picture Postcards / "Sousa and His Band in Europe, 1900." (PC 241)
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep804b5dbf8-6161-4e38-b7d6-f3bbbb41ca18
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0253-ref1998

Edison General Electric Works Photograph Album

Creator:
Butler, William A.  Search this
Edison General Electric Works. (Schenectady (N.Y.)  Search this
Former owner:
National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Mechanical and Civil Engineering  Search this
National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Work and Industry  Search this
Names:
Edison, Thomas A. (Thomas Alva), 1847-1931  Search this
Extent:
0.3 Cubic feet (2 boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Photograph albums
Photographs
Place:
Schenectady (N.Y.)
Date:
1892
Scope and Contents note:
An album entitled "With Edison in Schenectady". It contains captioned photographs of subjects such as building exteriors and interiors, staff members, the power station, generators, close-ups of machines, and scenes of the factory floor. It was compiled and published by William H. Butler.
Arrangement:
Collection is arranged into one series.
Biographical/Historical note:
Electrical product manufacturing company, established by Thomas A. Edison in Schenectady in 1886, consolidating all of Edison's electrical and power machinery interests.
Provenance:
Collection purchased from dealer, Keith D. DeLellis, 1985.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Factories -- 1890-1900  Search this
Electricity  Search this
Electrical manufacturing  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photograph albums -- 19th century
Photographs -- Black-and-white photoprints -- 1890-1900
Citation:
Edison General Electric Works Photograph Album, 1892, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.1077
See more items in:
Edison General Electric Works Photograph Album
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep832e1841f-5b09-4320-8635-f233ee7beef6
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-1077

[Corn Palace, Sioux City, Iowa : black-and-white acetate negative.]

Collector:
Morison, George S., 1842-1903  Search this
Names:
Corn Palace (Sioux City, Iowa)  Search this
Collection Creator:
Morison, George S., 1842-1903  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (Silver gelatin on acetate., 34 cm x 41.5 cm.)
Type:
Archival materials
Black-and-white negatives
Photographs
Date:
1890
Scope and Contents:
Corn Palace of Sioux City, Iowa, 1890. E.W. Loft designed the first corn palace of 1887. Photographer unidentified, possibly Morison.
Local Numbers:
AC0978-0000001.tif (AC Scan No.)
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Architecture, Moorish Revival  Search this
Crop art  Search this
Genre/Form:
Black-and-white negatives
Photographs -- 1890-1900 -- Black-and-white negatives -- Acetate film
Collection Citation:
George Morison Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
See more items in:
George S. Morison Collection
George S. Morison Collection / Series 5: Glass Plate Negatives / Sioux City Corn Palace
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8dd5c42fa-e652-41c2-8cb6-f759ca5e8cd1
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0978-ref4006

[Sioux City Bridge, Sioux City, Iowa, south and west portal to bridge: black-and-white photoprint.]

Collector:
Morison, George S., 1842-1903  Search this
Collection Creator:
Morison, George S., 1842-1903  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (Silver albumen on paper., 56 cm x 71 cm.)
Container:
Map-folder 156
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Place:
Sioux City (Iowa)
Iowa
Date:
circa 1889
Scope and Contents:
Photographer unidentified.
Local Numbers:
AC0978-0000003.tif (AC Scan No.)
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Bridges -- Iowa  Search this
Bridges -- 19th century  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs -- 1890-1900 -- Black-and-white photoprints -- Silver albumen
Collection Citation:
George Morison Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
See more items in:
George S. Morison Collection
George S. Morison Collection / Series 4: Photographs / Sioux City Bridge
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8764a653e-ed8a-48c8-bb16-21c12042609e
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0978-ref4007

Corsets: Stereograph

Photographer:
Kilburn, B. W.  Search this
Publisher:
Kilburn, B. W.  Search this
Series Creator:
Warshaw, Isadore, 1900-1969  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (Silver albumen on paper, mounted on buff warped card.)
Container:
Box 2, Folder Corset
Type:
Archival materials
Stereographs
Narrative cycles
Date:
1892
Scope and Contents:
Faded albumen comic view, showing a couple in a bedroom; the man is in bed and the woman stands on a chair, apparently having been frightened by a mouse or other animal. Caption: "7359. He is under my corset." A corset and boots are on the floor.
Arrangement:
In stereograph subdivision of photographs division. Arranged alphabetically by company.
Local Numbers:
AC0060-0001068.tif (AC scan no.)
Series Restrictions:
Sears, Roebuck & Co. catalogs restricted due to fragile condition. Researchers should consult microfilm in NMAH library for 1880-1983 editions, drawer 692.
Series Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Corsets  Search this
Photography, Humorous -- 1890-1900  Search this
Costume -- 1890-1900  Search this
Foundation garments -- Photography, Humorous -- 1890-1900  Search this
Genre/Form:
Stereographs -- 1890-1910
Narrative cycles
Series Citation:
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Series 2: Other Collection Divisions
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Series 2: Other Collection Divisions / 2.2: Stereographs
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep89007017a-3800-479a-9554-a756709f3238
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0060-s02-ref2850
Online Media:

Hobe Sound -- Avenida Gardens

Former owner:
Jefferson, Joseph, 1829-1905  Search this
Snider, Thomas A.  Search this
Snider, Mary B.  Search this
Jefferson, Charles B.  Search this
Jefferson, Edna Carey  Search this
Proal, Arthur B.  Search this
Proal, Ermina  Search this
Robinson, Lucius W.  Search this
Robinson, Ruth de Moss  Search this
Gordon, Florence R.  Search this
Van Fleet Family  Search this
McChristian Family  Search this
Duke family  Search this
Jupiter Island Company  Search this
Landscape architect:
Jefferson, Joseph, 1829-1905  Search this
McKeever, Rosie  Search this
Hatch, Bambi  Search this
Provenance:
Jupiter Island Garden Club  Search this
Garden Club of the Halifax Country  Search this
Late Bloomers Garden Club  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Place:
Avenida Gardens (Hobe Sound, Florida)
United States of America -- Florida -- Martin -- Hobe Sound
Scope and Contents:
The folders include worksheets, site plans with aerial images, copies of correspondence, historical and other information.
General:
Once a part of a much larger property, this dramatic garden is comprised of 13.8 acres between the Intracoastal Waterway and the Atlantic Ocean on Jupiter Island. It is contiguous with another recently submitted garden, FL254000. Avenida derives its name from a long allée of Royal Palms probably planted in the 1930's. Remnants of the original allée remain on this and other neighboring properties. There is a long history of distinguished horticulture on this part of Jupiter Island. It is believed to have been the site of a late nineteenth century horticultural station for the State of Florida where plants were brought by traveling sea captains. Indeed, on the property are several aged trees that may well date back to this time: sausage trees (Kigelia africana) and cannonball trees (Couroupita guianensis).
Throughout the property are, among other plants, large swathes of the current owners' collections of palms, bromeliads and gingers. The hammock area has been left untouched and remains a habitat of ironwood trees and other native plants. Several years ago there was a sighting of a Florida panther. The two long driveways pass through the extensive hammock area to the beachfront, also a part of this property. The current owners have added the water garden, vegetable garden, cutting gardens, landscaping along the driveways, stumpery and palm grove.
Persons associated with the property include Joseph Jefferson (former owner, landscape architect, 1890-1900), Thomas A. and Mary B. Snider (former owners, 1900-1911), Charles B. and Edna Carey Jefferson (former owners, 1911-1914), Arthur B. and Ermina Proal (former owners, 1914-1923), Lucius W. and Ruth de Moss Robinson (1923-1955), Florence R. Gordon (former owner, 1955-?), The Jupiter Island Company (former owner, November, 1955-?), The Van Fleet Family (former owners, dates unknown), The McChristian Family (former owners, 1984-?), The Duke Family (former owners, 1990-?), Rosie McKeever and Bambi Hatch (landscape architects, 1989).
Related Materials:
Avenida Gardens related holdings consist of 2 folders (36 digital images; 5 4 x 6 in. photographic prints; 16 3.5 x 5 in. photographic prints)
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- Florida -- Hobe Sound  Search this
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, File FL084
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Florida
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6e8104969-9703-48de-abb3-286f61042db0
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref11957

Studio Portrait: Hassan Ali Khan Garusi (b.1822-d.1899), Known as Amir Lashgar and Amir Nizam

Topic:
Early Photography of Iran
Creator:
Sevruguin, Antoin, 1851-1933  Search this
Names:
Islamic Archives  Search this
Sevruguin, Antoin, 1851-1933  Search this
Smith, Myron Bement, 1897-1970  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smith, Myron Bement, 1897-1970  Search this
Extent:
1 Glass negative (b&w, --.- cm. x --.- cm.)
Type:
Archival materials
Glass negatives
Studio portraits
Place:
Asia
Iran
Date:
1890-1900
Scope and Contents:
"Hassan Ali Khan Garusi or Amir Nizam was born in 1822 and from 1838 till his death in 1899 occupied numerous official positions in Qajar court. He was one of the most influential politicians of the Qajar court. The photo is most probably taken in the last years of his life." [Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Archives, Curatorial Research Assistant]
- Handwritten number (inked, probably by Antoin Sevruguin) reads, "878."
- Handwritten information on slip of paper (from a 1943-1944 cash book, produced by the Bathni Brothers, Tehran) reads, "49) Iranian minister ??." [Myron Bement Smith Collection, Subseries 2.1: Islamic Archives History, Collection Information]
- Myron Bement Smith handwritten caption in English reads, "47.P; Box 26.14: Iranian minister." [Myron Bement Smith Collection, Subseries 2.1: Islamic Archives History, Collection Information; Box 60; Folder 44: 47 P: Antoine Sevruguin, glass negatives, Iran]
Arrangement:
According to Myron B. Smith handwritten document (Myron Bement Smith Collection, Subseries 2.1: Islamic Archives History, Collection Information; Box 60; Folder 44: 47 P Antoine Sevruguin, glass negatives, Iran), Antoin Sevruguin's 696 glass negatives, at the time of their acquisition, were arranged into 61 boxes without any apparent organization. Today they are housed in archival document boxes, essentially duplicating the original arrangement, and stored on shelves. This glass negative was included into "Box 26."
Biographical / Historical:
Antoin Sevruguin is one of the early pioneers of commercial photography in Iran. He arrived in Iran from Tbilisi, Georgia in the mid 1870s to set up shop in Ala al-Dawla street in Tehran. From the early days, Sevruguin's studio was trusted both by the Qajar court and by foreign visitors to Iran. Highly regarded for their artistic ingenuity outside Iran, Sevruguin's photographs of 'ethnic types,' architecture and landscape, and depictions of daily life of Tehran found their way into foreign travelogues, magazines and books. As such, he stands alone in a relatively large group of early Iranian photographers for being recognized and celebrated outside the boundaries of the country. Antoin Sevruguin passed away in 1933, leaving behind only a fraction of his large collection of glass negatives, which is currently in the Archives of the Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery.
Local Numbers:
FSA A.4 2.12.GN.26.14
General:
Title and summary note are provided by Shabnam Rahimi-Golkhandan, FSg curatorial research specialist.
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
Topic:
Portrait photography  Search this
Genre/Form:
Glass negatives
Studio portraits
Collection Citation:
The Myron Bement Smith Collection, FSA A.04. National Museum of Asian Art Archives. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Gift of Katherine Dennis Smith.
Identifier:
FSA.A.04, Item FSA A.4 2.12.GN.26.14
See more items in:
Myron Bement Smith Collection
Myron Bement Smith Collection / Series 2: The Islamic Archives / 2.12: Antoin Sevruguin Photographs / 2.12.01: Glass Plate Negatives / Glass Plate Negatives: Sets 1-61
Archival Repository:
Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/dc32e95c769-919b-49e4-89b4-0024153f6ccd
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-fsa-a-04-ref10207

Exposition Universelle de 1889 [Paris] / 92. Fontaine monumentale [silver albumen photoprint,]

Names:
Exposition universelle de 1889 (Paris, France)  Search this
Series Creator:
Warshaw, Isadore, 1900-1969  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (Silver albumen on paper, Image 8-3/8" x 11-1/16", mounted on board, 12-1/4" x 15-1/2".)
Container:
Oversize 72, Folder 2
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Place:
Paris (France) -- 1890-1900
Tour Eiffel (Paris, France)
Date:
1889
Scope and Contents:
Sculpture and fountain in foreground, Eiffel Tower in background. Photographer unidentified.
Local Numbers:
AC0060-0000886.tif (Nonacc. no.)
Restrictions:
Unrestricted research access on site by appointment. Unprotected photographs must be handled with gloves.
Series Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Sculpture -- France  Search this
Fountains -- France -- Paris  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs -- 1890-1900 -- Black-and-white photoprints -- Silver albumen
Series Citation:
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana Subject Categories: World Expositions, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana Subject Categories: World Expositions
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana Subject Categories: World Expositions / Images, Keepsakes, Promotional Material, Publications, and Other / Oversize, World Expositions / Paris, France
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep823da9be4-87fc-4eec-87ee-46af79f45ec3
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0060-s01-01-world-ref574
Online Media:

Warshaw Collection of Business Americana Subject Categories: Office Equipment

Creator:
Warshaw, Isadore, 1900-1969  Search this
Names:
IBM (International Business Machines)  Search this
Xerox Corporation  Search this
Extent:
3.21 Cubic feet (consisting of 7 boxes, 3 oversize folders.)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Advertising
Advertisements
Catalogues
Advertising fliers
Advertising mail
Sales letters
Print advertising
Invoices
Ephemera
Commercial catalogs
Printed materials
Printed ephemera
Publications
Sales catalogs
Photographs
Business records
Advertising cards
Sales records
Mail order catalogs
Business letters
Printed material
Reports
Commercial correspondence
Correspondence
Trade cards
Business ephemera
Catalogs
Business cards
Trade literature
Letterheads
Trade catalogs
Receipts
Periodicals
Manufacturers' catalogs
Illustrations
Date:
1833-1975
Summary:
A New York bookseller, Warshaw assembled this collection over nearly fifty years. The Warshaw Collection of Business Americana: Office Equipment forms part of the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Subseries 1.1: Subject Categories. The Subject Categories subseries is divided into 470 subject categories based on those created by Mr. Warshaw. These subject categories include topical subjects, types or forms of material, people, organizations, historical events, and other categories. An overview to the entire Warshaw collection is available here: Warshaw Collection of Business Americana
Scope and Contents:
The collection includes devices and systems such as typewriters, calculation machines, mimeographs and copiers, punches and canceling machines, coin counters, telephonics, addressing and indexing systems, recording and message transmission, stamping, perforating, records storage and files, and also some consumable products like fasteners, ledgers, erasures. A few product samples are present.

Some product information contains suggestions and information on good business business practices or increasing efficiency and accuracy in the office or workplace environment.

A small amount of material related to furnishings, such as desks, bookcases, lockers, and trade show displays is present.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into three subseries.

Business Records and Marketing Materials

Genre

Subject
Brand Name Index:
The following is a list of brand names for various office equipment and related names that appear on this list is a compilation of those found on materials in the vertical document boxes. It is not a complete list of all the brand names for office equipment. The list is intended to assist researchers locate desired materials when only the brand name is known.

Brand Name Index

Efficiency -- Watson Mfg. Co.

Flatpakit -- American

Multigraph -- American Multigraph Sales Co.

Portland -- Southworth Machine Co.

Wiz -- American Sales Book Co.

Y & E -- Yawman & Eube Mfg. Co.
Forms Part Of:
Forms part of the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana.

Missing Title

Series 1: Business Ephemera

Series 2: Other Collection Divisions

Series 3: Isadore Warshaw Personal Papers

Series 4: Photographic Reference Material
Provenance:
Office Equipment is a portion of the Business Ephemera Series of the Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Accession AC0060 purchased from Isadore Warshaw in 1967. Warshaw continued to accumulate similar material until his death, which was donated in 1971 by his widow, Augusta. For a period after acquisition, related materials from other sources (of mixed provenance) were added to the collection so there may be content produced or published after Warshaw's death in 1969. This practice has since ceased.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research. Some items may be restricted due to fragile condition.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Mail-order business  Search this
Mail-order business -- Catalogs  Search this
Punched card systems -- Machinery  Search this
Filing cabinets  Search this
Furniture  Search this
Information display systems  Search this
Typewriters -- 1890-1900  Search this
Office equipment and supplies  Search this
Office equipment and supplies industry  Search this
Office equipment and supplies industry -- United States  Search this
Printing machinery and supplies  Search this
Patents  Search this
Display of merchandise  Search this
Sound recording machines  Search this
Retail trade  Search this
Bookkeeping  Search this
Calculators  Search this
Accounting -- Data processing  Search this
Sales accounting -- 19th century  Search this
Pneumatics  Search this
Telephone answering and recording equipment industry  Search this
Account books  Search this
Consumer goods -- Catalogs  Search this
Business  Search this
Typewriters -- 1880-1910  Search this
Magnetic recorders and recording  Search this
Typewriters  Search this
Merchandise displays  Search this
advertising -- Business ephemera  Search this
Genre/Form:
Advertising
Advertisements
Catalogues
Advertising fliers
Advertising mail
Sales letters
Print advertising
Invoices
Ephemera
Commercial catalogs
Printed materials
Printed ephemera
Publications -- Business
Sales catalogs
Photographs
Business records
Advertising cards
Sales records
Mail order catalogs
Business letters
Printed material
Reports
Publications
Commercial correspondence
Correspondence
Trade cards
Business ephemera
Catalogs
Business cards
Trade literature
Letterheads
Trade catalogs
Receipts
Periodicals
Manufacturers' catalogs
Illustrations
Citation:
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana Subject Categories: Office Equipment, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0060.S01.01.Office
See more items in:
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana Subject Categories: Office Equipment
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8a014f2d6-ae66-4884-a2d4-47a74284270b
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0060-s01-01-office
Online Media:

Charles Richardson Pratt Papers

Creator:
Pratt, Charles Richardson, 1860-1935  Search this
Collector:
National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of History of Technology  Search this
National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Mechanical and Civil Engineering  Search this
National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Work and Industry  Search this
Names:
Sprague, Frank J.  Search this
Extent:
6 Cubic feet (13 boxes, 8 oversize folders)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Diaries
Drawings
Trade catalogs
Photographs
Notebooks
Letterpress books
Patents
Place:
Montclair (N.J.)
Date:
1860-1935
bulk 1910-1924
Summary:
The papers document the professional career of mechanical engineer, Charles Richardson Pratt. The papers include correspondence, patents, patent application materials, agreements, photographs, publications, and blueprints for many of Pratt's inventions, especially his work on elevators.
Scope and Contents:
These papers contain personal materials of Charles R. Pratt; letterpress copybooks; engineering notebooks; diaries; material relating to the development of the heavy-duty, high-rise electric elevator; material concerning elevator cable equalizers and safety devices, Morton-Jacobsen and other lathe chucks, lathe drives and the Pratt Driver, the hydraulic transmission of power in trucks, and ship steering gear; and studies reports, drawings, photographs, catalogs, and trade literature concerning mechanical engineering.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into eight series.

Series 1: Personal Materials, 1875-1935

Series 2: Diaries, 1894, 1928-1931

Series 3: Correspondence, 1872-1920

Series 4: Notebooks, 1880, 1889, 1900

Series 5: Inventions, 1860-1927

Series 6: Photographs, 1890-1902

Series 7: Publications, 1895-1929

Series 8: Drawings, 1878-1929
Biographical / Historical:
Charles Richardson Pratt (1860-1935), was born in Massachusetts to John C. and Mary Anne Richardson. He graduated from the Hopkins School of Boston and the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1879. Pratt worked at Whittier Machine Company of Boston (1882-1890) where he designed and built the first electric elevator in 1888. The elevator was installed in the Tremont House, Boston. Pratt also worked as an agent and later as a consulting engineer for the Otis Elevator Company, the inventors of the hydraulic elevator.

Pratt was best known for his development of the first electrically powered elevator. In 1892, inventor Frank Sprague (1857-1934) founded the Sprague Electric Elevator Company, and with Charles R. Pratt developed the Sprague-Pratt Electric Elevator. They demonstrated that electrically powered elevators were capable of competing with hydraulic elevators. Pratt held several engineering positions and worked for the Marine Engine Company of Newark, New Jersey (1902-1905) developing elevator systems; consulting engineer to the Universal Speed Control Company of New York City (1906-1919); consultant to the American Engineering Company of Philadelphia (1912); mechanical superintendent at the Crocker Wheel Company of Ampere, New Jersey (1919); engineer for the E. Horton and Sons Company of Connecticut (1920-1923); the General Tractors Corporation (1924-1927); and was associated with the Watson Elevator Company of New York City (1928-1930). Pratt patented many of his ideas, earning over thirty-five patents related mostly to elevators,

Pratt was a member of the Masons, the Sons of the American Revolution, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the MIT Club of New Jersey, and the Motor Club of London. He married Mary Byron Ladd and they had two children, Gertrude Ladd Pratt and Donald Richardson Pratt.
Provenance:
This collection was purchased from Charles R. Pratt's daughter, Gertrude Pratt Vance, in 1973.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Mechanical engineering and engineers  Search this
Inventors  Search this
Elevators  Search this
Machine-tools  Search this
Patents -- 1890-1900  Search this
Power transmission  Search this
Genre/Form:
Diaries
Drawings
Trade catalogs
Photographs -- 19th century
Notebooks
Letterpress books
Patents -- 1870-1880
Citation:
Charles Richardson Pratt Papers, 1860-1935, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0958
See more items in:
Charles Richardson Pratt Papers
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep82afc1e29-876b-4494-9c92-64a14390613e
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0958
Online Media:

Helen Adams Keller

Artist:
Charles Whitman, active 1890s - 1900s  Search this
Sitter:
Helen Adams Keller, 27 Jun 1880 - 1 Jun 1968  Search this
Medium:
Platinum print
Dimensions:
Image/Sheet: 22.6 x 16.9cm (8 7/8 x 6 5/8")
1st Mount: 23.3 x 17.4cm (9 3/16 x 6 7/8")
2nd Mount: 28.1 x 21.9cm (11 1/16 x 8 5/8")
Mat: 55.9 x 40.6cm (22 x 16")
Type:
Photograph
Date:
1904
Topic:
Interior  Search this
Printed Material\Book  Search this
Container\Vase  Search this
Nature & Environment\Plant\Flower\Rose  Search this
Helen Adams Keller: Female  Search this
Helen Adams Keller: Literature\Writer  Search this
Helen Adams Keller: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Lecturer  Search this
Helen Adams Keller: Society and Social Change\Reformer\Social reformer  Search this
Helen Adams Keller: Literature\Writer\Novelist  Search this
Helen Adams Keller: Society and Social Change\Reformer\Humanitarian  Search this
Helen Adams Keller: Literature\Writer\Essayist  Search this
Helen Adams Keller: Society and Social Change\Person with a Disability\Blind  Search this
Helen Adams Keller: Society and Social Change\Person with a Disability\Deaf  Search this
Helen Adams Keller: Presidential Medal of Freedom  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution
Object number:
NPG.91.105
Restrictions & Rights:
CC0
See more items in:
National Portrait Gallery Collection
Exhibition:
The Struggle for Justice Refresh
On View:
NPG, West Gallery 220
Data Source:
National Portrait Gallery
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4aef66b04-d572-494a-855e-52700acbcf1b
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_NPG.91.105

Archives of American Art Miscellany

Creator:
Archives of American Art  Search this
Weissinger (Harry) Tobacco Co.  Search this
King, Marian  Search this
Extent:
0.1 Cubic feet (1 box)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Broadsides
Place:
Washington (D.C.) -- 1890-1900
Date:
circa 1933-1945
Scope and Contents note:
Primarily unmounted photographs, plus an illustrated souvenir tourist book on Washington, "Washington Album" (ca. 1890), and a text-only anti-trust broadside. The most interesting group is a set of 5 photoprints related to the Boston Globe newspaper, especially several which illustrate the practice of displaying handwritten newspaper headlines for passersby on blackboards.
Arrangement:
1 series.
Provenance:
Collection transferred by Archives of American Art, through Karen Weiss, archivist.
Restrictions:
Collection open for research on site by appointment. Unprotected photographs must be handled with gloves.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Newspapers -- 20th century  Search this
Labor unions  Search this
Tourism  Search this
Tobacco -- 1890-1920  Search this
Genre/Form:
Broadsides
Citation:
Archives of American Art Miscellany, ca. 1933-1945, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0850
See more items in:
Archives of American Art Miscellany
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep81edcf631-33ac-459f-85ed-7799c96c1c5b
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0850

Charles Henry Hart papers, 1774-1930, bulk 1888-1918

Creator:
Hart, Charles Henry, 1847-1918  Search this
Subject:
Adams, John Quincy  Search this
Latrobe, Benjamin Henry  Search this
Hawthorne, Nathaniel  Search this
Pratt, Herbert Lee  Search this
Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts  Search this
Type:
Notes
Photographs
Citation:
Charles Henry Hart papers, 1774-1930, bulk 1888-1918. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Topic:
Miniature painting  Search this
Authors -- Pennsylvania  Search this
Works of art  Search this
Theme:
Diaries  Search this
Research and writing about art  Search this
Record number:
(DSI-AAA_CollID)9656
(DSI-AAA_SIRISBib)211864
AAA_collcode_hartchah
Theme:
Diaries
Research and writing about art
Data Source:
Archives of American Art
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:AAADCD_coll_211864
Online Media:

Animals : stereographs

Photographer:
Wendt Bros. (Albany, N.Y.)  Search this
Creator:
Campbell, Alfred S. (stereograph publisher)  Search this
Names:
American Tobacco Company (advertiser on stereograph)  Search this
Series Creator:
Warshaw, Isadore, 1900-1969  Search this
Extent:
6 Items
Container:
Box 7
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Photographs
Stereographs
Lithoprints
Place:
Central Park, New York (N.Y.) -- Stereographs
New York (N.Y.) -- Stereographs
Date:
ca. 1896-1903
Scope and Contents:
Six images of animals, including two views of "Alligators in Central Park" published by Alfred S. Campbell with an advertisement for the American Tobacco Company on the versos; an Alaskan wolf; 2 donkeys; a cat, printed by the Wendt Bros., Albany, N.Y.; and a lithoprint of "'Romey,' Hero Dog of the Great Johnstown Flood".
Restrictions:
Unrestricted research use on site. Photographs must be handled with white cotton gloves, unless protected by plastic sleeves.
Series Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Alligators -- Stereographs  Search this
Wolves -- Stereographs  Search this
Donkeys -- Stereographs  Search this
Cats -- Stereographs  Search this
Dogs -- Stereographs -- 1890-1910  Search this
Animals -- Stereographs  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs -- 1900-1910 -- Black-and-white photoprints
Photographs -- 1890-1900
Stereographs -- 1880-1900
Lithoprints -- Stereographs
Series Citation:
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Series 2: Other Collection Divisions
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Series 2: Other Collection Divisions / 2.2: Stereographs / Animals (pets, wild, and in zoos, but no livestock, birds, or horses)
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8808bab75-232a-414b-8fa7-24d7d6769bed
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0060-s02-ref2765

Beaches : stereographs

Photographer:
Kilburn, B. W.  Search this
Graves, C. H. (Carleton H.), -1943  Search this
Series Creator:
Warshaw, Isadore, 1900-1969  Search this
Extent:
5 Items
Container:
Box 7
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Stereographs
Photographs
Place:
Asbury Park (N.J.) -- Stereographs
Atlantic City (N.J.) -- Stereographs
Narragansett (Mass.) -- Stereographs
Date:
ca. 1897-1901
Scope and Contents:
Beach scenes: people in bathing attire on beaches and in the water at Atlantic City, N.J., Asbury Park, N.J., and Narragansett, by B.W. Kilburn, C.H. Graves, and unidentified photographers.
Restrictions:
Unrestricted research use on site. Photographs must be handled with white cotton gloves, unless protected by plastic sleeves.
Series Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Resorts -- Stereographs  Search this
Bathing suits  Search this
Beaches  Search this
Genre/Form:
Stereographs
Photographs -- 1890-1900 -- Black-and-white photoprints -- Stereographs
Series Citation:
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Series 2: Other Collection Divisions
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana, Series 2: Other Collection Divisions / 2.2: Stereographs / Beaches
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8830bf58c-f682-4a6a-978b-07d6116ccbf5
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0060-s02-ref2768

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