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Records of the Bureau of American Ethnology

Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of American Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
245 Linear feet ((375 boxes and 10 map drawers))
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Date:
1878-1965
Summary:
The records in this collection embody the administrative functions of the Bureau of American Ethnology from 1879 to 1965. The collection consists of correspondence, card files, registers, official notices, annual and monthly work reports, research statements, research proposals, grant applications, personnel action requests, notices of personnel action, meeting minutes, purchase orders and requisitions, property records, biographical sketches, resolutions, newspaper clippings, reviews of publications, drafts of publications, circulars, programs, pamphlets, announcements, illustrations, cartographic materials, photographic prints, photographic negatives, bibliographies, and reprinted publications.
Scope and Contents:
The records in this collection embody the administrative functions of the Bureau of American Ethnology from 1879 to 1965. The collection consists of correspondence, card files, registers, official notices, annual and monthly work reports, research statements, research proposals, grant applications, personnel action requests, notices of personnel action, meeting minutes, purchase orders and requisitions, property records, biographical sketches, resolutions, newspaper clippings, reviews of publications, drafts of publications, circulars, programs, pamphlets, announcements, illustrations, cartographic materials, photographic prints, photographic negatives, bibliographies, and reprinted publications.

Correspondence comprises the bulk of this collection. A significant portion of this correspondence originates from the Bureau's duty to field inquiries regarding North American aboriginal cultures and respond to requests relating to the duplication of BAE library and archival materials. Inquiries and requests, received from all parts of the world, were submitted by colleagues, museum curators and directors, students, professors, amateur archaeologists, government agents, military officials, Smithsonian Institution officials, artists, and members of the general public. Other correspondence reflects the Bureau's day-to-day operations and internal affairs. Subjects discussed in this correspondence include research projects, field expeditions, annual budgets, personnel matters, the acquisition of manuscripts, the disbursement of specimens, and production of BAE publications. Correspondence is occasionally accompanied by announcements, circulars, programs, pamphlets, photographs, drawings, diagrams, bibliographies, lists, newspaper clippings, and maps. Also among these records are the card files and registers of incoming and outgoing correspondence maintained by early BAE administrative staff. For a list of correspondents, see the appendix to this finding aid, available in the NAA reading room.

The majority of illustrations, artwork, and photographs that appear in this collection are associated with BAE publications, including BAE Annual Reports, BAE Bulletins, Contributions to North American Ethnology and Smithsonian Institution, Miscellaneous Collection. Maps located among the collection originate, by and large, from BAE field expeditions and research projects. BAE staff also amassed great quantities of newspaper clippings that concerned BAE research or points of interest. Of particular note are three scrapbooks comprised of clippings that relate to "mound builders" and the work of the BAE's Division of Mound Explorations.

Also worthy of note are the various records relating to the 1903 investigation of the BAE. Records related to the investigation highlight the Smithsonian Institution's longstanding dissatisfaction with the internal management of the BAE, its concerns over the BAE's loose relationship with the parent organization, and displeasure with the manner in which BAE scientific research was developing. Other materials of special interest are the various administrative records covering the period 1929 to 1946 and 1949 to 1965. The majority cover personnel matters; however, others justify the work of the BAE and bear witness to growing concerns that the BAE would eventually be absorbed by the Department of Anthropology within the United States National Museum.
Arrangement:
The collection has been arranged into the following 12 series: (1) Correspondence, 1897-1965; (2) Cooperative Ethnological Investigations, 1928-1935; (3) Miscellaneous Administrative Files, 1929-1946; (4) Miscellaneous Administrative Files, 1949-1965; (5) Records Concerning the Photographic Print Collection, 1899-1919; (6) Records Concerning Employees; (7) Fiscal Records, 1901-1902 and 1945-1968; (8) Records Relating to the 1903 Investigation of the BAE; (9) Property Records and Requisitions; (10) Clippings; (11) Publications; (12) BAE Library Materials, Pamphlets and Reprints
Administrative History:
The Bureau of Ethnology was established by an act of the United States Congress on March 3, 1879, but it was largely the personal creation of the geologist and explorer Major John Wesley Powell. His earlier explorations of the Colorado River and Grand Canyon formed the basis of the Geographical and Geological Survey of the Rocky Mountain Region. While exploring the area, Powell became alarmed at what he perceived to be the decline of the aboriginal way of life due to rapid depopulation. In a letter to the Secretary of the Interior, he warned that "in a few years, it will be impossible to study…Indians in their primitive condition, except from recorded history" (Hinsley). He urged swift government action; the result of which was the appropriation of $20,000 (20 Stat. 397) to transfer all documents relating to North American Indians from the Department of Interior to the Smithsonian Institution and its Secretary's appointment of Powell as director of the newly established Bureau of Ethnology, a position he held until his death in 1902. In 1897, its name was changed to the Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE) to underscore the limits of its geographical reaches.

Under Powell, the BAE organized the nation's earliest anthropological field expeditions, in which the characteristics and customs of native North Americans were observed firsthand and documented in official reports. Images of Indian life were captured on photographic glass plate negatives, and their songs on wax cylinder recordings. Histories, vocabularies and myths were gathered, along with material objects excavated from archaeological sites, and brought back to Washington for inclusion in the BAE manuscript library or the United States National Museum.

The fruits of these investigations were disseminated via a series of highly regarded and widely distributed publications, most notably BAE Annual Reports, BAE Bulletins, and Contributions to North American Ethnology. BAE research staff also responded routinely to inquiries posed by colleagues, government agencies, and the general public on matters ranging from artwork to warfare. Moreover, the BAE prepared exhibits on the various cultural groups it studied not only for the Smithsonian Institution, but also for large expositions held nationwide.

In 1882 Powell, under instruction of Congress, established the Division of Mound Explorations for the purpose of discovering the true origin of earthen mounds found predominately throughout the eastern United States. It was the first of three temporary, yet significant, subunits supported by the Bureau. Cyrus Thomas, head of the Division, published his conclusions in the Bureau's Annual Report of 1894, which is considered to be the last word in the controversy over the mounds' origins. With the publication of Thomas' findings, the Division's work came to a close.

The course of BAE operations remained largely the same under Powell's successors: W.J. McGee (acting director) 1902; William Henry Holmes, 1902-1910; Frederick W. Hodge, 1910-1918; J. Walter Fewkes, 1918-1928; Matthew W. Stirling, 1928-1957; Frank H.H. Roberts, Jr., 1957-1964; and Henry B. Collins (acting director), 1964-1965. However, following a 1903 internal investigation of the Bureau's administrative activities, Smithsonian officials called for a broader scope of ethnological inquiry and greater application of anthropological research methodologies. The BAE responded in 1904 by expanding agency activities to include investigations in Hawaii, the Philippines, and the Caribbean.

The BAE extended its geographical reaches once again, in the 1940s, to include Central and South America. In 1943, the Institute of Social Anthropology (ISA) was established as an independent subunit of the Bureau for the purpose of developing and promoting ethnological research throughout the American Republics. The findings of ISA-sponsored investigations were published in the six volume series, Handbook of South American Indians (BAE Bulletin 143). Julian H. Steward, editor of the Handbook, was appointed director of ISA operations and held the position until 1946 when George M. Foster assumed responsibility. The ISA was absorbed by the Institute of Inter-American Affairs in 1952, thus terminating its relationship with the BAE.

In 1946 the BAE assumed partial administrative control of the recently established River Basin Surveys (RBS), its third and final autonomous subunit. The purpose of the RBS was to salvage and preserve archaeological evidence threatened by post-World War II public works programs, more specifically the rapid construction of dams and reservoirs occurring throughout the country. Excavations conducted under the RBS yielded considerable data on early North American Indian settlements, and subsequent deliberations on this data were published as reports in various BAE Bulletins.

In 1965, the BAE merged administratively with the Smithsonian Institution's Department of Anthropology to form the Office of Anthropology within the United States National Museum (now the Department of Anthropology within the National Museum of Natural History). The BAE manuscript library, also absorbed by the Department of Anthropology, became the foundation of what is today the National Anthropological Archives (NAA).

In its 86 year existence, the BAE played a significant role in the advancement of American anthropology. Its staff included some of the nineteenth and twentieth centuries' most distinguished anthropologists, including Jeremiah Curtain, Frank Hamilton Cushing, J.O. Dorsey, Jesse Walter Fewkes, Alice Cunningham Fletcher, Albert H. Gatschet, John Peabody Harrington, John N.B. Hewitt, William Henry Holmes, Ales Hrdlicka, Neil Judd, Francis LaFlesche, Victor and Cosmo Mindeleff, James Mooney, James Pilling, Matilda Coxe Stevenson, Matthew Williams Stirling, William Duncan Strong, and William Sturtevant. The BAE also collaborated with and supported the work of many non-Smithsonian researchers, most notably Franz Boas, Frances Densmore, Gerard Fowke, Garrick Mallery, Washington Matthews, Paul Radin, John Swanton, Cyrus Thomas, and T.T. Waterman, as well as America's earliest field photographers such as Charles Bell, John K. Hillers, Timothy O'Sullivan, and William Dinwiddie. Several of its staff founded the Anthropological Society of Washington in 1880, which later became the American Anthropological Association in 1899. What is more, its seminal research continues to be drawn upon by contemporary anthropologists and government agents through the use of BAE manuscripts now housed in the NAA.

Sources Consulted:

Hinsley, Curtis. Savages and Scientists: The Smithsonian Institution and the Development of American Anthropology, 1846-1910. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1981.

McGee, WJ. "Bureau of American Ethnology." The Smithsonian Institution, 1846-1896, The History of its First Half-Century, pp. 367-396. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press, 1897.

Sturtevant, William. "Why a Bureau of American Ethnology?" Box 286, Functions of the BAE, Series IV: Miscellaneous Administrative Files, 1948-1965, Records of the Bureau of American Ethnology, National Anthropological Archives.
Related Materials:
Additional material relating to BAE administrative affairs and research projects can be found among the National Anthropological Archives' vast collection of numbered manuscripts. Too numerous to list in this space, these include official correspondence, monthly and annual work reports, fiscal records, field notes, personal diaries, expedition logs, catalogues of specimens, vocabularies, historical sketches, maps, diagrams, drawings, bibliographies, working papers and published writings, among various other material. Most of these documents are dispersed throughout the numbered manuscript collection as single items; however, some have been culled and unified into larger units (e.g., MS 2400 is comprised of documents relating to the Division of Mound Explorations). Artwork and illustrations produced for BAE publications are also located among the NAA's numbered manuscript collection as well as its photograph collection (e.g., Photo Lot 78-51 and Photo Lot 80-6).

Photographs concerning BAE research interests can be found among the following NAA photographic lots: Photo Lot 14, Bureau of American Ethnology Subject and Geographic File ca. 1870s-1930s; Photo Lot 24, BAE Photographs of American Indians 1840s to 1960s (also known as the Source Print Collection); Photo Lot 60, BAE Reference Albums 1858-1905; and Photo Lot 85, BAE Miscellaneous Photographs 1895 to 1930. Other photographic lots include portraits of BAE staff and collaborators, namely Photo Lot 33, Portraits of Anthropologists and others 1860s-1960s; Photo Lot 68, Portraits of John Wesley Powell ca. 1890 and 1898; and Photo Lot 70, Department of Anthropology Portrait File ca. 1864-1921.

Additional materials in the NAA relating to the work of the BAE can be found among the professional papers of its staff, collaborators and USNM anthropologists. These include the papers of Ales Hrdlicka, John Peabody Harrington, Otis Mason, J.C. Pilling, Matthew Williams Stirling, and William Duncan Strong. Documents relating to the work of the BAE can be found among the records of the River Basin Surveys (1928-1969) and the Institute of Social Anthropology (1941-1952).

Records related to this collection can also be found in the Smithsonian Institution Archives (SIA). SIA accession 05-124 includes information regarding the 1942 transfer of six audio recordings related to the Chumash Indian language from the Bureau of American Ethnology to the National Archives, nine pages of Chumash translations, and "The Story of Candalaria, the Old Indian Basket-Maker." The Fiscal and Payroll Records of the Office of the Secretary, 1847 to 1942 (Record Unit 93), includes voucher logs, disbursement journals and daybooks of money paid out to the BAE from 1890 to 1910. BAE correspondence can also be found among the Records of the Office of the Secretary (Record Unit 776, accession 05-162). The Papers of William Henry Holmes, second director of the BAE, are also located among the SIA (Record Unit 7084).

Accession records concerning artifacts and specimens collected by the BAE are located in the registrar's office of the National Museum of Natural History.

Related collections can also be found at the National Archives and Records Administration. RG 57.3.1, the Administrative Records of the United States Geological Survey, includes register of applications for BAE ethnological expositions conducted between 1879-1882. RG 75.29, Still Pictures among the Records of the Bureau of Indian Affairs, includes 22 photographs of Arapaho, Cheyenne, Kiowa, Comanche, Navajo, and Apache Indians taken by William S. Soule for the BAE during 1868-1875. RG 106, Records of the Smithsonian Institution, includes cartographic records (106.2) relating to Indian land cessions in Indiana created for the First Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, 1881 (1 item); a distribution of American Indian linguistic stock in North America and Greenland, by John Wesley Powell, for the Seventh Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, ca. 1887 (1 item); a distribution of Indian tribal and linguistic groups in South America, 1950 (1 item); the Indian tribes in North America, for Bulletin 145, Bureau of American Ethnology, 1952 (4 items). Sound Recordings (106.4) include songs and linguistic material relating to the Aleut, Mission, Chumash, and Creek, gather by the BAE in 1912, 1914, 1930-41. Some include translations (122 items).
Provenance:
The Records of the Bureau of American Ethnology were transferred to the Smithsonian Office of Anthropology Archives with the merger of the BAE and the Department of Anthropology of the National Museum of Natural History in 1965. The Smithsonian Office of Anthropology Archives was renamed the National Anthropological Archives in 1968.
Restrictions:
The Records of the Bureau of American Ethnology are open for research.

Access to the Records of the Bureau of American Ethnology requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact repository for terms of use.
Citation:
Records of the Bureau of American Ethnology, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.XXXX.0155
See more items in:
Records of the Bureau of American Ethnology
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw391046c25-21e2-4334-a01f-9a6f734ae9cd
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-xxxx-0155
Online Media:

Herbert William Krieger papers

Photographer:
James, George Wharton  Search this
Cook, W. A.  Search this
Chapman, John W. (John Wight), 1858-1939  Search this
Chandlee, W. E.  Search this
Collins, Henry B. (Henry Bascom), 1899-1987  Search this
Carbonell, Jose  Search this
Brown, S. C.  Search this
Abbott, William Louis, 1860-1936  Search this
Archer, William Andrew  Search this
Bartleman, Richard M.  Search this
Boleter, Frank M.  Search this
Dinwiddie, William, 1867-1934  Search this
Moorhouse, Lee, 1850-1926  Search this
Gilfillan, J. A. (Joseph Alexander), 1838-1913  Search this
Gatschet, Albert S. (Albert Samuel), 1832-1907  Search this
Hillers, John K., 1843-1925  Search this
Jackson, William Henry, 1843-1942  Search this
Ward, Fanny B.  Search this
Worcester, Dean Conant  Search this
Wittick, Ben, 1845-1903  Search this
Russell Brothers  Search this
Niblack, Albert P. (Albert Parker), 1859-1929  Search this
Pilsudski, Bronislaw  Search this
Rice, Arthur P.  Search this
Robertson, Mrs. T. C.  Search this
Raven, Henry Cushier, 1889-1944  Search this
Sigourney, W. S.  Search this
Spencer, S. A.  Search this
Holmes, William Henry, 1846-1933  Search this
Doty, Charles Edward, 1862-1921  Search this
Miller, E. Y.  Search this
Matteson, Sumner W., 1867-1920  Search this
Mindeleff, Cosmos, 1863-  Search this
Miller, Hugo H.  Search this
Turner, Lucien M. (Lucien McShan)  Search this
Moore, Riley Dunning, 1883-  Search this
Moros, E.  Search this
Correspondent:
Jacobs, Melville  Search this
Cooper, John M. (John Montgomery), 1881-1949  Search this
Boas, Franz, 1858-1942  Search this
Clark, Charles Upson, 1875-1960  Search this
Carmichael, Leonard, 1898-1973  Search this
Cambiaso, R. D.  Search this
Brown, O. M.  Search this
Briggs, C. F.  Search this
Abbot, Charles G.  Search this
Archer, William Andrew  Search this
Barry, J. Neilson (John Neilson), 1870-1961  Search this
Beckwith, Frank  Search this
Blumentritt, Ferdinand  Search this
Boekelman, H. J.  Search this
Costells, J. Martinez  Search this
Booy, Theodore de  Search this
Hough, Walter, 1859-1935  Search this
Cressman, Luther S., 1897-1994  Search this
Ewers, John C. (John Canfield), 1909-1997  Search this
Felts, Wayne M.  Search this
Drierden, J. E.  Search this
Franco, Jose L.  Search this
Harding, H. T.  Search this
Harris, J. R.  Search this
Granberry, Julian  Search this
Higgins, B. B.  Search this
Setzler, Frank M. (Frank Maryl), 1902-1975  Search this
Kroeber, A. L. (Alfred Louis), 1876-1960  Search this
Hrdlička, Aleš, 1869-1943  Search this
Densmore, Frances, 1867-1957  Search this
Thomas, E. H.  Search this
Stern, T. B.  Search this
Spinden, Herbert J.  Search this
Waterman, T. T. (Thomas Talbot), 1885-1936  Search this
Wetmore, Alexander, 1886-1978  Search this
Weltfish, Gene, 1902-1980  Search this
Wright, L. S.  Search this
Nelson, N. C. (Nels Christian), 1875-1964  Search this
Nicholson, Grace, -1948  Search this
Putnam, F. W. (Frederic Ward), 1839-1915  Search this
Packard, E. L.  Search this
Palm, Erwin W.  Search this
Parkes, George A.  Search this
Sexton, Charles E.  Search this
Fewkes, Jesse Walter, 1850-1930  Search this
Skinner, H. D.  Search this
Langille, W. A.  Search this
Laudermilk, J. D.  Search this
Judd, Neil Merton, 1887-1976  Search this
Lashmitt, Ivan de  Search this
Mason, Otis Tufton, 1838-1908  Search this
Lawrence, Donald B.  Search this
Folkmar, Daniel, 1861-1932  Search this
Moberg, Gosta  Search this
Stewart, T. D. (Thomas Dale), 1901-1997  Search this
Creator:
Krieger, Herbert W. (Herbert William), 1889-1970  Search this
Author:
Waterman, T. T. (Thomas Talbot), 1885-1936  Search this
Names:
Smithsonian Institution. Department of Anthropology  Search this
Extent:
19 Linear feet
Culture:
Haida  Search this
Athapascan Indians  Search this
Northern Athabascan  Search this
Indians of North America -- Subarctic  Search this
Arctic peoples  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Manuscripts
Lists
Drawings
Memorandums
Notebooks
Press releases
Printed materials
Maps
Notes
Letters
Photographs
Bibliographies
Reports
Place:
Cuba
Bahama Islands
Alaska
Dominican Republic
Japan
Old Kasaan
Philippines
Oceania
Date:
1925-1957
Summary:
The papers of this collection are those of Herbert William Krieger (b. 1889), archaeologist and curator of the Division of Ethnology for the former United States National Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Included are correspondence, field notebooks, notes, administrative material, manuscripts of writings, printed matter, sketches, maps, photographs and other documents.
Scope and Contents:
These papers reflect the professional life of Herbert William Krieger (b. 1889), archaeologist and curator of the Division of Ethnology for the former United States National Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Included are correspondence, field notebooks, notes, administrative material, manuscripts of writings, printed matter, sketches, maps, photographs and other documents that cover the period from 1925 to 1957.

The bulk of the material concerns Krieger's archaeological work in the West Indies, primarily the Dominican Republic, where he researched intermittently from 1938 to 1953. There is also material in the collection on Krieger's work in Southeastern and Central Alaska where he was involved with the restoration and reconstruction of the Kansaan National Monument from 1926 to 1927. Material concerning the salvage archaeology performed on the Columbia River in Washington and Oregon, particularly in the area of the construction site of the Bonneville Dam, is included in the collection. Also included is work on two War Background Studies publications, one on the peoples of the Philippines, the other on the islands of the Western Pacific. The collection additionally contains Krieger's office files and collected correspondence of scholars and informants used for reference purposes.

Not represented in the collection is any phase of Krieger's personal life, nor is there any material reflecting his life prior to or since his association with the Museum.

Among correspondents whose letters are included are Franz BOAS, C. U. CLARK, John COLLIER, L. S. CRESSMAN, Frances DENSMORE, Philip DRUCKER, John EWERS, Jesse W. FEWKES, Melville HERSKOVITS, William H. HOLMES, Walter HOUGH, Neil M. JUDD, A. L. KROEBER, Otis MASON, Frank M. SETZLER, Herbert J. SPINDEN, T. D. STEWART, Matthew STIRLING, William Duncan STRONG, T. T. WATERMAN, Waldo WEDEL, Alexander WETMORE, and Clark WISSLER.

Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Arrangement:
OUTGOING LETTERS, 1925-1955: Box 1

INCOMING LETTERS, 1925-1957: Boxes 2, 3

COLLECTED CORRESPONDENCE USED AS REFERENCES, 1892-1957: Box 3

OFFICE FILE, 1929-1957: Boxes 4, 5, 6, 7

MATERIAL RELATING TO SOUTHEAST AND CENTRAL ALASKA, 1926-1927: Box 8

MATERIAL CONCERNING THE COLUMBIA RIVER REGION, 1927-1955: Boxes 8, 9

MANUSCRIPTS AND NOTES ON THE ISLANDS OF THE WESTERN PACIFIC, 1943: Boxes 10, 11, 12, 13

MATERIALS RELATING TO THE PHILIPPINE ISLANDS, 1942: Box 14

MATERIAL CONCERNING THE WEST INDIES, 1938-1953: Boxes 15, 16, 17, 18, 19

MISCELLANY, 1925-1957: Boxes 20, 21

PRINTED, PROCESSED AND EXTRACTED MATERIAL, 1884-1957: Boxes 22, 23, 24

PHOTOGRAPHS, UNKNOWN-1975: Boxes 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36
Biographical / Historical:
Herbert William Krieger joined the staff of the United States National Museum's Department of Anthropology as assistant curator of ethnology in 1924, and he became curator of ethnology in 1925. In spite of his position, much of his field work was carried out in archaeology. In 1927, for the Bureau of American Ethnology, he examined the feasibility of restoring Old Kasaan on Prince of Wales Island, Alaska, and carried out archaeological reconnaissance along the Columbia River. In the following year, he continued reconnaissance work, first along the middle Yukon River and then, again, along the Columbia. In the former area, he also collected a few random notes on living Athapascan Indians and in both areas he carried out several excavations.

In 1934, for the Bureau of Indian Affairs and the Public Works Administration, he carried out salvage archaeological work near Bonneville, Oregon. As a pastime, during the 1930s, he carried out reconnaissance along the lower Potomac River. Krieger's major work, however, lay to the south among the problems of Caribbean archeology. Between 1928 and 1937 and from 1947 to 1952, he concerned himself with sites visited by Columbus and attempts to plot areas previously occupied by the Arawak, Carib, and other tribes.

His studies involved examinations of both historic and prehistoric Spanish and Indian settlements in Haiti, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, the Virgin Islands, and the Bahamas. Based on these, he published several articles and books, including Archeological and Historical Investigations in Samana, Dominican Republic, United States National Museum Bulletin 156, 1931, and Aboriginal Indian Pottery of the Dominican Republic, United States National Museum Bulletin 156, 1931. He was also a participant in several conferences concerned with the archaeology, ethnology, and history of the Caribbean area.

In addition to his field work and administrative duties as head of the Division of Ethnology, Krieger worked with the Museum's ethnological collections and published several articles based on them. He also became involved in the renovation of the division's public areas so that "the antiquated and overcrowed exhibits should be replaced by modern exhibits in which art and science are blended". Much of the effort for this was carried out by Krieger's associate curator John Canfield Ewers.

Having a special interest in the Philippines and western Oceania that grew from his early service as a teacher in Manila, Krieger also produced studies of the people of the Philippines and the islands of the western Pacific for the Smithsonian's War Backgroud Studies series during World War II. He also worked on a volume "The Islands of New Japan, " but it was never published.

December 8, 1889 -- Born in Burlington, Iowa

1907 -- Bachelor of Arts, Wartburg College, Clinton, Iowa

1908 -- Master of Arts, State University of Iowa, in German and Philosophy

1909-10 -- Fellow, University of Illinois

1911-14 -- Instructor of economics and commercial geography at the School of Commerce, Bureau of Education, Manila, Philippine Islands

1914-20 -- Bank cashier and ranch owner, Granada, Minnesota

1920-21 -- Instructor, Burlington Junior College, Burlington, Iowa

1922 -- Married Rosalia Louise Krapf

1922-24 -- Instructor of Anthropology, University of Minnesota

1924 -- Assistant Curator, Division of Ethnology, U. S. National Museum

1925 -- Curator, Division of Ethnology, U. S. National Museum

1926-27 -- On an expedition to southeast and central Alaska, engaged in the reconstruction and restoration at the Old Kansaan National Monument

1927-35 -- Salvage archaeology along the Columbia River, primarily in the area surrounding the Bonneville Dam prior to its construction for the Department of the Interior

1938-53 -- Investigations in the Caribbean area, primarily the island of Hispaniola, Dominican Republic

1957 -- Retired from the staff of the United States National Museum and made Honorary Research Associate, U. S. N. M.

July 1, 1970 -- Died, Buried in Columbia Gardens Cemetery, Arlington, Virginia
Related Materials:
Additional material in the National Anthropological Archives that relates to Herbert Krieger can be found in the United States National Museum Manuscript and Pamphlet File, as well as among the correspondence files of the Bureau of American Ethnology.
Topic:
Houses -- North America -- Africa -- Asia -- South America  Search this
War Background Studies  Search this
Archeology -- Columbia River -- Yukon River -- Cuba -- Dominican Republic -- Bahama Islands  Search this
Genre/Form:
Manuscripts
Lists
Drawings
Memorandums
Notebooks
Press releases
Printed materials
Maps
Notes
Letters
Photographs
Bibliographies
Reports
Citation:
Herbert William Krieger papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.XXXX.0171
See more items in:
Herbert William Krieger papers
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw32a81f6e7-bbbc-4202-b085-dbffa2d95ce3
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-xxxx-0171

Girl in Costume with Ornaments Near Wood Houses with Thatch Roofs

Creator:
Janse, Olov, 1892-1985  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (002 in x 003 in)
Culture:
Yakan (Philippine people)  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
JAN 1940
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05140000
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint
Place:
Philippines -- Basilan Island/Lamitan
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Gen: Janse Colln 05140000, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Gen
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw37aa5f3b8-c4fa-4b74-9c63-2aafb519cddd
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref12315
Online Media:

Man in Costume on Carabao (Water Buffalo) Pulling Bamboo Sled Loaded with Harvested Crop

Creator:
Janse, Olov, 1892-1985  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (002 in x 003 in)
Culture:
Philippines  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
MAR 1940
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05140100
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint
Place:
Philippines -- Luzon Island/Batangas
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Gen: Janse Colln 05140100, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Gen
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw39c1dc55d-7441-43b6-b005-c46ae8936017
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref12316
Online Media:

View of Masonry Monument Marking Spot Where Magellan Material Was Excavated in 1848

Creator:
Janse, Olov, 1892-1985  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (003 in x 002 in)
Culture:
Philippines  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
JAN 1940
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05140200
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint
Place:
Philippines -- Cebu Island/Cebu
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Gen: Janse Colln 05140200, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Gen
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw38a959b9c-81e4-4a42-af82-fee9265176aa
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref12317
Online Media:

Man from Camachili Wearing Breechcloth on Bamboo Platform Outside Bamboo Frame House with Thatch Roof

Creator:
Janse, Olov, 1892-1985  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (003 in x 002 in)
Culture:
Philippines  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
MAY 1940
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05140300
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint
Place:
Philippines -- Pampanga Province -- Luzon Island/Fort Stotsenburg (Near)/Camachili
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Gen: Janse Colln 05140300, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Gen
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3ccdf31ed-1ae8-4286-8146-7be5fb75bad6
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref12318
Online Media:

Non-Native Man with Group from Camachili in Costume, One With Spear, Outside Wood Frame Shelter

Creator:
Janse, Olov, 1892-1985  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (003 in x 002 in)
Culture:
Philippines  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
MAY 1940
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05140400
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint
Place:
Philippines -- Pampanga Province -- Luzon Island/Fort Stotsenburg (Near)/Camachili
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Gen: Janse Colln 05140400, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Gen
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw32a9d9d43-4a33-40e5-8895-478dbb038829
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref12319
Online Media:

Women and Infant from Camachili in Costume Near Bamboo Fence And Frame Woven Mat Platform House with Thatch Roof

Creator:
Janse, Olov, 1892-1985  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (002 in x 003 in)
Culture:
Philippines  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
MAY 1940
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05140500
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint
Place:
Philippines -- Pampanga Province -- Luzon Island/Fort Stotsenburg (Near)/Camachili
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Gen: Janse Colln 05140500, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Gen
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw36cad5822-8c69-4534-ba95-08c7f11fadc7
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref12320
Online Media:

Man in Ceremonial Costume and with Ornaments and Spear

Creator:
Janse, Olov, 1892-1985  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (003 in x 005 in)
Culture:
Bagobo (Philippine people)  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
MAY 1940
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05140600
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint on postcard
Place:
Philippines -- Mindanao Island/Davao (Near)
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Gen: Janse Colln 05140600, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Gen
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw33426c840-3288-443f-9f7c-f5f62fa12ccf
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref12321
Online Media:

Ossih, Spear-Dancer, in Costume and with Ornaments, Shield, And Spear During District Meeting

Creator:
Janse, Olov, 1892-1985  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (003 in x 005 in)
Culture:
Moro  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
07 OCT 1927
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05140700
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint on postcard
Place:
Philippines -- Mindanao Island
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Gen: Janse Colln 05140700, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Gen
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3e333a510-cc43-4be6-87e1-0d5f2ebf850c
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref12322
Online Media:

Ceremony, Wedding

Creator:
Janse, Olov, 1892-1985  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (003 in x 005 in)
Culture:
Moro  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
1940
Scope and Contents:
Group with Face Paint and in Costume With Ornaments Near Large Collection of Gifts
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05140900
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint on postcard
Place:
Philippines -- Sulu Archipelago -- Jolo Island
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Gen: Janse Colln 05140900, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Gen
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3b8641e51-3e96-4e32-9bb0-e54a8dca1a5b
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref12324
Online Media:

Ceremony, Dance

Creator:
Janse, Olov, 1892-1985  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (005 in x 003 in)
Culture:
Philippines  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
MAR 1940
Scope and Contents:
Group in Costume with Ornaments and Spears, Dancing in Circle Near Thatch Houses
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05141000
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint
Place:
Philippines -- Luzon Island/Baguio
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Gen: Janse Colln 05141000, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Gen
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw321bb9639-9ad5-4f40-8176-91f592abcb98
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref12325
Online Media:

Ceremony

Creator:
Janse, Olov, 1892-1985  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (006 in x 004 in)
Culture:
Philippines  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
MAR 1940
Scope and Contents:
Two Men in Flagellation Costumes with Ornaments, Followed by Group of Spectators
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05141100
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint
Place:
Philippines -- Batangas Province -- Luzon Island/Calatagan?
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Gen: Janse Colln 05141100, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Gen
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw38f649bb2-e0a2-4127-8cc8-61f6e53c139c
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref12326
Online Media:

Young Man in Costume with Masted Boholano (Outrigger Boat) On Beach

Creator:
Janse, Olov, 1892-1985  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (003 in x 005 in)
Culture:
Philippines  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
MAR 1940
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05141200
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint
Place:
Philippines -- Batangas Province -- Bohol Island/Baclayon
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Gen: Janse Colln 05141200, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Gen
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw304259a51-2e56-4077-80dc-62a874716e8a
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref12327
Online Media:

Young Man in Costume with Masted Boholano (Outrigger Boat) On Beach

Creator:
Janse, Olov, 1892-1985  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (003 in x 005 in)
Culture:
Philippines  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
MAR 1940
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05141300
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint
Place:
Philippines -- Batangas Province -- Bohol Island/Baclayon
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Gen: Janse Colln 05141300, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Gen
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw339b06ff9-eab3-468a-9b18-b7b1573e148c
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref12328
Online Media:

View of End of Large Wood Frame Fish Trap

Creator:
Janse, Olov, 1892-1985  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (003 in x 005 in)
Culture:
Philippines  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
MAR 1940
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05141400
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint
Place:
Philippines -- Batangas Province -- Bohol Island/Tagbilaran?
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Gen: Janse Colln 05141400, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Gen
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw317e80b15-4df6-4830-8f25-1c92aae20a25
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref12329
Online Media:

View of End of Large Wood Frame Fish Trap

Creator:
Janse, Olov, 1892-1985  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (003 in x 005 in)
Culture:
Philippines  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
MAR 1940
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05141500
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint
Place:
Philippines -- Batangas Province -- Bohol Island/Tagbilaran?
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Gen: Janse Colln 05141500, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Gen
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3e5f8e249-2166-4651-b60b-5385bf49f032
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref12330
Online Media:

Boy in Breechcloth and with Sheathed Dagger ? and Basketry Hat

Creator:
Jones, H. W., Col  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (005 in x 007 in)
Culture:
Igorot ?  Search this
Tinguian ?  Search this
Tinggian ?  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
1936
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05216200
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint
Place:
Philippines -- Luzon Island
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Igorot: Jones: Box 7/4 05216200, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Igorot
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw31069eb36-b83b-4636-ad70-f62452372b37
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref13089
Online Media:

Portrait of Young Man with Ornaments

Creator:
Jones, H. W., Col  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (005 in x 007 in)
Culture:
Igorot (Philippine people)  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
1936
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05216300
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint
Place:
Philippines -- Luzon Island
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Igorot: Jones: Box 7/4 05216300, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Igorot
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw37302a988-cff4-4d9a-ba10-1651d3daac3f
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref13090

Portrait of Young Man with Ear-Spools and Basketry Hat

Creator:
Jones, H. W., Col  Search this
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology  Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (005 in x 007 in)
Culture:
Igorot ?  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Date:
1936
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.05216400
Local Note:
Black and white photoprint
Place:
Philippines -- Luzon Island
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo Lot 97 DOE Oceania: Philippines: Igorot: Jones: Box 7/4 05216400, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1
Division of Ethnology photograph collection 1 / Oceania / Philippines / Igorot
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw353e260b8-07d2-4e36-9fda-80b792917f57
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-97-ref13091
Online Media:

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