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MS 4516 Philip Drucker papers

Creator:
Drucker, Philip, 1911-1982  Search this
Names:
Albert, John  Search this
Beardsley, Richard K. (Richard King), 1918-1978  Search this
Beynon, William  Search this
Fast, Edward G.  Search this
Garfield, Viola Edmundson, 1899-1983  Search this
Heizer, Robert F. (Robert Fleming), 1915-1979  Search this
Kroeber, A. L. (Alfred Louis), 1876-1960  Search this
Thompson, George E.  Search this
Tobin, J.E.  Search this
Uyeharan, Harry K.  Search this
Extent:
17 Boxes
17 Boxes
Culture:
Angaur  Search this
Haida  Search this
Nuxalk (Bellacoola)  Search this
Yoeme (Yaqui)  Search this
Tohono O'odham (Papago)  Search this
Chinook  Search this
Yurok  Search this
Karuk (Karok)  Search this
Likiep  Search this
Jaliut  Search this
Heiltsuk [Oowekeeno (Wikeno)]  Search this
Kili  Search this
Ebon  Search this
Samoans  Search this
Paipai (Pi-Pi/Pais)  Search this
Clackamas  Search this
Bikini  Search this
Haisla  Search this
Heiltsuk (Bella Bella)  Search this
Coos (Kusan)  Search this
Alsea  Search this
Nuu-chah-nulth (Nootka)  Search this
Kwakwaka'wakw (Kwakiutl)  Search this
Tsimshian  Search this
Tolowa  Search this
Payómkawichum (Luiseño)  Search this
Kumeyaay (Diegueño)  Search this
Micronesians  Search this
Xai'xais (Haihais/China Hat)  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Place:
Kili (Marshall Islands)
Date:
1933-circa 1954
1933-circa 1954
Summary:
The processed material in this collection concerns work before 1955. Included are field notebooks, printed material, drafts of manuscripts, notes, catographic material, drawings, photograhs, writings, historical documents, and copies of United States government documents. Incorporated are notes (often comments and suggestion regarding Drucker's work) by Alfred Louis Kroeber, photographs of Nootka by R. Maynard, copies of papers by William Beynon and Viola Garfield, a catalog of an Alaskan Collection of Edward G. Fast, a field notebook relating to the British Columbia coast archeology survey by Richard King Beardsley, notes on Alsea by John Albert, and miscellaneous papers of various authors concerning Micronesia. The latter includes material by Harry K. Uyeharan on Angaur clan organization, J.E. Tobin on the Bikini, and George E. Thompson on education in American Samoa.
Scope and Contents:
These papers reflect the professional life of Dr. Philip Drucker (1911-1982), Assistant Curator for the U. S. National Museum, Ethnologist and Anthropologist for the Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE), Staff Anthropologist in the U. S. Navy, farmer, and professor at the Universities of Kentucky, Colorado, and Baylor. Included are notes and fieldnotes from his expeditions into the American Northwest, MesoAmerica, and Oceania, correspondence sent and received by Drucker, drafts and notes of some of his works, element lists, newspapers and newsletters he collected, papers and materials from others in the field, class notes and exams from his years of teaching, photographs, and maps.

Of primary concern are the materials dealing with the Northwest Coast, which contain his most detailed notes. Dr. Drucker was considered to be one of the foremost experts in that region. There is also considerable photographic material on MesoAmerica, the majority of which remains unprocessed. Also included are materials dealing with Southern California, South America, and Oceania.

Correspondents include Margaret Blackman, Joanna Chisholm, William Beynon, John Fox, E. Gartly Jaco, Elizabeth Tooker, Margaret Lantis, Joseph P. Benson, Kenneth Ames, Vera Rubin, Charles M. Tolbert, Robert E. Quirk, James R. Glenn, and Ward H. Goodenough.

The Drucker Papers also include notes, exams, and assignments from his classes as well as a number of papers dealing with topics not directly related to the main series. There are many photographs of the Northwest Coast and MesoAmerica, and a few maps from each of the main regions in which Drucker worked.
Arrangement:
(1) Northwest Coast native brotherhoods; (2) Northwest Coast Nootkan tribes; (3) Northwest Coast miscellaneous ethnology (on the Bellabella, Tsimshian, Kwakiutl, Bellacoola, Wikeno, Haida, Haisla, Xaihais, and Heiltsuk); (4) Northwwest Coast archeology; (5) Northwest Coast cultural element distribution; (6) Oregon Coast and Northern California (including material on the Coos, Alsea, Clckamas, Tolowa, Karuk, Chinook, Karok, and Yurok; (7) southern California (including material on the Diegueno, Akwa'ala, Yaqui, Papago, Luiseno); (8) southwest Yuman-Piman tribes; (9) miscellaneous North American ethnology; (10) Mesoamerican archeology; (11) Micronesia (including material on Kili, Likiep, Jaliut, Ebon, Angaur, and other islands); (12) unprocessed material
Biographical Note:
Chronology of the Life of Philip Drucker

January 13, 1911 -- Born in Chicago, Illinois

1927 -- Began degree program in Animal Husbandry at Colorado Agricultural College

1929 -- Changed to Liberal Arts program at Colorado College

Summer 1930 -- Field School in Archaeology with the University of New Mexico

1930 -- Began Anthropology Degree at the University of California, Berkeley

1932 -- A. B. Degree in Anthropology from the University of California, Berkeley

1933 -- Teaching Fellowship, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley

1934-1935 -- Social Science Research (SSRC) pre-doctoral fellowship "Study of Nootkan Indians"

1936 -- Ethnographic Survey of Northwest Coast for the University of California Program in "Cultural Element Distribution" Ph. D. In Anthropology, University of California, Berkeley

1938-1939 -- National Research Council (NRC) post-doctoral fellowship(Archaeological Survey of the Northwest Coast)

1940 -- Assistant Curator, United States National Museum (transferred to Bureau of American Ethnology)

1941-1942 -- Olmec Field Trips

1942 -- Commissioned Lt. (Jg) (Line) USNR; active duty

December 1945 -- Released from active duty Ethnologist, Bureau of American Ethnology, Smithsonian Institution

October 1948 -- Ordered to active duty, LCdr, USNR. Staff Anthropologist, Staff of Deputy High Commissioner, Trust Territory Of the Pacific Islands (Micronesia)

January 1952 -- Released from active duty Anthropologist for BAE

December 1955 -- Resigned BAE

1955-1966 -- Married Rosario and had two children, Felipe and Rosario Self-employed, farming operation, Vera Cruz, Mexico

October 1966 -- Sold farm and moved to San Andes Tuxtla, Vera Cruz

Spring 1967 -- Visiting professor of Anthropology, University of Kentucky

Summer 1968 -- Visiting professor of Anthropology, University of Colorado

1968-1969 -- Visiting professor of Anthropology, University of Kentucky

1969-1978 -- Professor of Anthropology, University of Kentucky

June 1978 -- Professor Emeritus, University of Kentucky

1978-1979 -- Distinguished Visiting Professor, Baylor University

1979—? -- Senior Scientist (Ethnography), Kentucky Longevity Study Project, University of Kentucky

February 28, 1982 -- Died in Lexington, Kentucky
Addl. KW Subj::
Tipai-Ipai, Karuk, Luiseno, Bella Coola (Nuxalk), Chinook, Coosan, Bella Bella (Heiltsuk), Kwakiutl (Kwakwaka'wakw), Nootka (Nuu-chah-nulth), Papago (Tohono O'odham), Kwakiutl (Kwakwaka'wakw), Papago (Tohono O'odham), Luiseno, Tipai-Ipai, Karuk
Provenance:
These materials were left by Drucker in his office at the Bureau of American Ethnology when he resigned in December, 1955, and were deposited in the Bureau of American Ethnology Archives ca. 1956 By M. W. Stirling, Chief, Bureau of American Ethnology.
Restrictions:
Manuscript 4516 is open for research.

Access to Manuscript 4516 requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact repository for terms of use.
Topic:
Archeology -- Meso-America  Search this
Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this
Citation:
Manuscript 4516, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.MS4516
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw34664157a-4d7a-4b62-8ecf-c8c111494273
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-ms4516

Chapel for Pablo Tac

Culture/People:
La Jolla Band Luiseño  Search this
Artist/Maker:
James Luna, La Jolla Band Luiseño, 1950-2018; audio by Jorge Arévalo Mateus, Non-Indian  Search this
Seller:
James Luna, La Jolla Band Luiseño, 1950-2018  Search this
Jorge Arévalo Mateus (George Arevalo), Non-Indian  Search this
Title:
Chapel for Pablo Tac
Object Name:
Installation work
Media/Materials:
Cotton cloth, canvas, paint, wood, silver, gold, brass, gourd, brass bell/bells, vegetal fiber, feather/feathers, shell/shells, commercially tanned leather, pottery, cardboard, synthetic fabric, glass bottle, iron/steel head, stone
Techniques:
Commercially produced/manufactured, painted, coiled, stitched, fringed, wrapped, written, recorded
Dimensions:
dimensions vary based on installation
Object Type:
Works of Art (Other)
Place:
Venice; Venice Province; Veneto Region; Italy
Date created:
2005
Catalog Number:
26/7735
Barcode:
267735.000
See related items:
La Jolla Band Luiseño
Works of Art (Other)
Data Source:
National Museum of the American Indian
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ws6d9aa8551-5a02-4abb-a18f-af0f2a3bfcde
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:NMAI_396955
Online Media:

Native American Public Programs photograph collection relating to Native American artists and art

Collector:
National Museum of Natural History (U.S.). Native American Public Programs  Search this
Ringlero, Aleta Pima  Search this
Photographer:
Smithsonian Institution. Office of Printing and Photographic Services  Search this
Clark, Chip, 1947-2010  Search this
Hansen, Carl C.  Search this
Hart, Alan  Search this
Long, Eric  Search this
Minor-Penland, Laurie  Search this
Penland, Dane  Search this
Strauss, Richard  Search this
Taccone, Christina  Search this
Vargas, Rick  Search this
Names:
Lewis, Lucy M.  Search this
Extent:
5,750 Prints (circa, silver gelatin (including contact prints))
12 Color transparencies
10 Color negatives
3,500 Color slides (circa)
67 Color prints
4 Negatives (photographic) (acetate)
Culture:
Indians of North America -- California  Search this
Paiute  Search this
Jemez Pueblo  Search this
Mewuk (Miwok)  Search this
Yurok  Search this
Cherokee  Search this
Tewa Pueblos  Search this
Tlingit  Search this
A:shiwi (Zuni)  Search this
Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this
Oglala Lakota (Oglala Sioux)  Search this
Kwakwaka'wakw (Kwakiutl)  Search this
Lenape (Delaware)  Search this
Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this
Tohono O'odham (Papago)  Search this
Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this
Indians of North America -- Great Basin  Search this
Akimel O'odham (Pima)  Search this
Hopi Pueblo  Search this
Indians of North America -- Southwest, New  Search this
Onondaga  Search this
Muskogee (Creek)  Search this
Kutzadika'a (Mono Paiute)  Search this
Pomo  Search this
Laguna Indians  Search this
Makah  Search this
White Mountain Apache  Search this
Seneca  Search this
Minneconjou Lakota (Minniconjou Sioux)  Search this
Sioux  Search this
Numakiki (Mandan)  Search this
Pueblo  Search this
Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America  Search this
Minitari (Hidatsa)  Search this
Diné (Navajo)  Search this
Kiowa  Search this
Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke)  Search this
Indians of North America -- Plateau  Search this
Niimíipuu (Nez Perce)  Search this
Cayuse  Search this
Acoma Pueblo  Search this
Payómkawichum (Luiseño)  Search this
Hunkpapa Lakota (Hunkpapa Sioux)  Search this
Mohawk  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Prints
Color transparencies
Color negatives
Color slides
Color prints
Negatives (photographic)
Date:
1989-1993
Scope and Contents note:
Photographs documenting Native American Public Programs events, including images of Native American artists and examples of their work during demonstrations and lectures at the National Museum of Natural History. Photographs were mostly made by Smithsonian photographers, including Carl C. Hansen, Richard Strauss, Chip Clark, Laurie Minor-Penland, Eric Long, Alan Hart, Rick Vargas, Dane Penland, and Christina Taccone. Included are a large number of photographs of Don Tenoso (Hunkpapa), an artist-in-residence at the National Museum of Natural History, and performances by James Luna (Luiseno/Digueno), Guillermo Gomez-Pena (Chicano), and Coco Fusco. Crafts and arts depicted include beadwork, basket weaving, dollmaking, peyote fanmaking, weaving, hand games, quilting, clothing making, leatherwork, woodcarving, saddlemaking, sculpture, painting, story-telling, and performance art. There are also images of Dolores Lewis Garcia and Emma Lewis Garcia (daughters of Acoma potter Lucy M. Lewis) and their pottery, Joallyn Archambault with artists, and the 1990 American Indian Theater Company reception.

Other depicted artists include Maynard White Owl Lavadour (Cayuse/Nez Perce), Evangeline Talshaftewa (Hopi), Lisa Fritzler (Crow), Marian Hanssen, Vanessa Morgan (Kiowa/Pima), Marty Good Bear (Mandan/Hidatsa), Katie Henio and Sarah Adeky (Navajo), Geneva Lofton and Lee Dixon (Luiseno), Chris Devers (Luiseno), Mary Good Bear (Mandan), Robert and Alice Little Man (Kiowa), Lisa Watt (Seneca), Jay McGirt (Creek), Bill Crouse (Seneca), Kevin Johnny-John (Onondaga), Rose Anderson (Pomo), Francys Sherman and Margaret Hill (Mono), Thelene Albert and Annie Bourke (White Mountain Apache), Bob Tenequer (Laguna), Jimmy Abeyeta (Navajo), Lou Ann Reed (Acoma), Melissa Peterson (Makah), Jennifer and Kallie Keams Musial (Navajo), Joyce Growing Thunder-Fogarty and Juanita Fogarty (Assiniboine/Sioux), David Neel (Kwakiutal), Mervin Ringlero (Pima), Jhon Goes-In-Center (Oglala), D. Montour (Delaware/Mohawk), Rikki Francisco (Pima), Annie Antone (Papago), Angie Reano-Owen (Santo Domingo Pueblo), Carol Vigil (Jemez), Gregg Baurland (Miniconjou), Greg Colfax (Makah), Lydia Whirlwind-Soldier (Sicangu Dakota), Martin Red Bear (Oglala), Michael Rogers (Paiute), Alta Rogers (Yurok/Paiute), Dorothy Stanley (Miwok), Lisa Little Chief (Dakota), Tom Haukaas (Sicangu Dakota), Nora Navanjo-Morsie (Santa Clara Tewa), Seneca Women's Singing Society, Molly Blankenship and Martha Ross (Eastern Cherokee), Julia Parker (Miwok/Pomo), Candy and Claudia Cellicion (Zuni), Sally and Lorraine Black (Navajo), Carmen Quinto-Plunkett (Tlingit), Ina McNeil (Hunkpapa), and Ellen and Faye Quandelancy (Zuni), and Rikki Francisco (Pima).
Biographical/Historical note:
Native American Public Programs was founded in 1989 as a part of the Department of Education in the National Museum of Natural History. Under the directorship of Aleta Ringlero, its main activity was the arranging of demonstrations by Native American artists and craftsmen in the exhibition areas of the museum.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 91-26
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Audio of James Luna's lecture for the Native American Public Programs office held in National Anthropological Archives in MS 7514.
Dolls made by Don Tenoso for the Native American Public Programs office held in Department of Anthropology collections in accession 390905.
Additional photographs of Tenoso held in the Smithsonian Institution Archives in SIA2009-2222 and 90-13726.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Topic:
Indians of North America -- Southern states  Search this
Art  Search this
Handicraft  Search this
Indians of North America -- Northeast  Search this
Citation:
Photo Lot 91-26, Native American Public Programs photograph collection relating to Native American artists and art, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.PhotoLot.91-26
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw380668afd-9cb5-4658-9c1c-491584e12125
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-photolot-91-26

MS 784 San Luis Rey [Luiseno] vocabulary in Powell's Introduction to the Study of Indian Languages

Creator:
Henshaw, Henry W. (Henry Wetherbee), 1850-1930  Search this
Extent:
70 Pages
Culture:
Luiseno  Search this
Payómkawichum (Luiseño)  Search this
Indians of North America -- California  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Pages
Date:
December 19, 1884
Scope and Contents:
Recorded in Schedule of John Wesley Powell's Introduction to the Study of Indian Languages.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 784
Local Note:
manuscript document
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this
Citation:
Manuscript 784, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.MS784
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3012e19dd-2d4f-4b01-8a56-8774637342b7
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-ms784

Vocabularies

Creator:
Hale, Horatio, 1817-1896  Search this
Extent:
7 Pages
Culture:
Luiseno  Search this
Netela  Search this
Payómkawichum (Luiseño)  Search this
Chumash  Search this
Indians of North America -- California  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Pages
Date:
after 1846
Scope and Contents:
Copies of (a) and (b) entered on printed Department of Interior Comparative Vocabulary in hand of a scribe. Also on the same form is an incomplete and somewhat inaccurate copy of the "Netela" or San Juan Capistrano (Uto-Aztecan) vocabulary of Hale (U. S. Exploring Expedition..., Volume 6, 1846, pages 570-679). No date.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 772-c
Local Note:
manuscript document
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this
Citation:
Manuscript 772-c, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.MS772C
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw326de7e76-c841-4183-8ac3-38d48e919347
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-ms772c

MS 1338 Grammatical sketch of the San Luis Rey or Luiseno language

Extent:
26 Pages
Culture:
Luiseno  Search this
Payómkawichum (Luiseño)  Search this
Indians of North America -- California  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Pages
Date:
undated
Scope and Contents:
A brief grammar of Luiseno.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 1338
Local Note:
manuscript document
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this
Citation:
Manuscript 1338, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.MS1338
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3176f882c-131f-4798-a426-03c904a11cc4
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-ms1338

MS 3791 Luiseno mythology

Creator:
Henshaw, Henry W. (Henry Wetherbee), 1850-1930  Search this
Extent:
23 Pages
Culture:
Luiseno  Search this
Mission  Search this
Payómkawichum (Luiseño)  Search this
Indians of North America -- California  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Pages
Date:
after 1907
Scope and Contents:
Manuscript on Mythology, cosmogony of the Luisenos, baptismal ceremony, etc. Contains names, mostly untranslated and several phrases in Luiseno.
Biographical / Historical:
Dated after 1907, because Kroeber's classification of Shoshonean (1907) is infered on page 5.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 3791
Local Note:
typescript document
Topic:
Folklore -- Mission  Search this
Names -- Mission  Search this
Cosmology -- Mission Indians  Search this
Ceremonies -- Mission Indians  Search this
Citation:
Manuscript 3791, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.MS3791
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw371dff8d9-42e7-4598-9ffb-3f78cfa8d74f
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-ms3791

MS 772 Luiseno and Obispeno vocabularies

Creator:
Bartlett, John Russell, 1805-1886  Search this
Gibbs, George, 1815-1873  Search this
Hale, Horatio, 1817-1896  Search this
Informant:
Cawewas, Pedro  Search this
Extent:
19 Pages
Culture:
Luiseno  Search this
Payómkawichum (Luiseño)  Search this
Chumash  Search this
Indians of North America -- California  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Pages
Date:
undated
Scope and Contents:
Contents:

(a) "Kechi (Luiseno) vocabulary from Cawewas, chief of the tribe, San Luis Rey, California. No date. 6 pages. Copy in hand of George Gibbs.

(b) San Luis Obispo (Chumash) vocabulary. No date. 6 pages. Copy in hand of George Gibbs.

(c) Copies of (a) and (b) entered on printed Department of Interior Comparative Vocabulary in hand of a scribe. Also on the same form is an incomplete and somewhat inaccurate copy of the "Netela" or San Juan Capistrano (Uto-Aztecan) vocabulary of Hale (U. S. Exploring Expedition..., Volume 6, 1846, pages 570-679). No date.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 772
Local Note:
Informant: Cawewas, a Luiseno chief.
manuscript document
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this
Citation:
Manuscript 772, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.MS772
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw38bbeb0e9-a9f9-4b16-9ba6-e2fd68371149
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-ms772

MS 2108 "Distribution of the Shoshonians in the San Joaquin-Tulare Valley of California"

Creator:
Kroeber, A. L. (Alfred Louis), 1876-1960  Search this
Addressee:
Hodge, Frederick Webb, 1864-1956  Search this
Extent:
31 Pages
Culture:
Luiseno  Search this
Snake  Search this
Ajachemem (San Juan de Capistrano Luiseño)  Search this
Barbareño Chumash (Santa Barbara)  Search this
Western Mono (Monache)  Search this
Paiute  Search this
Bannock  Search this
Ute  Search this
Cahuilla  Search this
Payómkawichum (Luiseño)  Search this
Shoshone  Search this
Tongva (Gabrielino Mission)  Search this
Tübatulabal (Kern River)  Search this
Serrano  Search this
Pala Band Luiseño (Agua Caliente)  Search this
Kawaiisu  Search this
Indians of North America -- California  Search this
Chumash  Search this
Indians of North America -- Great Basin  Search this
Kutzadika'a (Mono Paiute)  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Pages
Date:
1905
Scope and Contents:
Also letter to Frederick W. Hodge, with emendations to the manuscript. San Francisco, California. April 27, 1905. Autograph letter signed. 1 page. Includes discussion of "Current Tribal names that are Ambiguous. "Ute, Paiute, Shoshoni, Bannock, Snake; and sections on Gabrielino, Serrano, Luiseno, San Juan Capistrano, Agua Caliente, Cahuilla, Santa Barbara, Monachi, Kawaiisu, Tubatulabal.
Title page of manuscript carries A. note S. : F. W. H. [Hodge]: "This material has been extracted for the Dictionary of Tribes ["Handbook of American Indians," Bureau of American Ethnology-Bulletin 30, Washington, 1907, 1910] by Dr Swanton."
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 2108
Local Note:
typescript document with annotations
Topic:
Names, tribal -- Ute  Search this
Names, tribal -- Paiute  Search this
Names, tribal -- Shoshoni  Search this
Names, tribal -- Bannock  Search this
Names, tribal -- Snake  Search this
Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this
Mission Capistrano  Search this
Shoshone  Search this
Cupeno  Search this
Citation:
Manuscript 2108, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.MS2108
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw373f6a8dc-42e8-4e85-8039-8a6ad3c8d170
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-ms2108
Online Media:

Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection

Creator:
Churchill, Frank C. (Frank Carroll), 1850-1912  Search this
Churchill, Clara G.  Search this
Names:
United States. Bureau of Indian Affairs  Search this
United States. Department of the Interior  Search this
Extent:
3,710 Photographic prints (29 photograph albums)
3 Linear feet
1430 Negatives (photographic) (acetate)
325 Lantern slides (colored)
Culture:
Oklahoma Cherokee  Search this
Oklahoma Muskogee (Creek)  Search this
Osage  Search this
A:shiwi (Zuni)  Search this
Indians of North America  Search this
Sioux [Crow Creek]  Search this
Ponca  Search this
Chaticks Si Chaticks (Pawnee)  Search this
Oklahoma Seminole  Search this
Quapaw  Search this
Miami [Oklahoma]  Search this
Wyandotte [Oklahoma]  Search this
Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this
Ho-Chunk (Winnebago)  Search this
Eastern Shawnee [Quapaw Agency, Oklahoma]  Search this
Chaticks Si Chaticks (Pawnee)  Search this
Oto  Search this
Sioux [Crow Creek]  Search this
Chickasaw  Search this
Modoc  Search this
Kiowa  Search this
Kaw (Kansa)  Search this
Diné (Navajo)  Search this
Acoma Pueblo  Search this
Akimel O'odham (Pima)  Search this
Cahuilla  Search this
Chemehuevi  Search this
Cochiti Pueblo  Search this
Hopi Pueblo  Search this
Isleta Pueblo  Search this
K'apovi (Santa Clara Pueblo)  Search this
Kumeyaay (Diegueño)  Search this
Laguna Pueblo  Search this
Payómkawichum (Luiseño)  Search this
Mescalero Apache  Search this
Mojave (Mohave)  Search this
Ohkay Owingeh (San Juan Pueblo)  Search this
Picuris Pueblo  Search this
Piipaash (Maricopa)  Search this
Puye Pueblo  Search this
Quechan (Yuma/Cuchan)  Search this
San Carlos Apache  Search this
Taos Pueblo  Search this
Tohono O'odham (Papago)  Search this
Minnesota Chippewa  Search this
Lake Superior Chippewa  Search this
Potawatomi  Search this
Menominee (Menomini)  Search this
Pechanga Band Luiseño  Search this
Rincon Band Luiseño  Search this
Santa Ysabel (Santa Isabela) Diegueño  Search this
Pala Band Luiseño (Agua Caliente)  Search this
Yuit (Siberian Yup'ik)  Search this
Inupiaq (Alaskan Inupiat Eskimo)  Search this
Bering Strait Inupiaq  Search this
Alutiiq (Pacific Eskimo)  Search this
Tlingit  Search this
Eastern Band of Cherokee  Search this
Pikuni Blackfeet (Piegan)  Search this
Wahpetonwan Dakota (Wahpeton Sioux)  Search this
Seminole  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Negatives (photographic)
Lantern slides
Photographs
Photograph albums
Place:
Utah
Alaska
Oklahoma
Washington
Florida
Montana
Arizona
Arkansas
Missouri
North Carolina
Minnesota
New Mexico
California
Date:
1880-1928
bulk 1899-1909
Summary:
The Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection includes photographic negatives, photo albums, lantern slides, journals, scrapbooks and other documents created and compiled by the Churchills over the course of Frank's career as a special agent and Indian Inspector for the Department of the Interior between 1899 and 1909. Initially assigned as a revenue collector to the Cherokee Nation and later as an Indian Inspector reviewing boarding schools, Frank's assignments took him all over the United States including Indian Territory (present day Oklahoma), Missouri, Texas, Nebraska, Kansas, South Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, California, Florida, North Carolina and Alaska. During this time the Churchills visited over 80 different Native communities shooting photographs and taking notes.
Scope and Contents:
The Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection includes 1430 photographic negatives, 29 photo albums containing 3710 photographic prints, 325 lantern slides, and 3 linear feet of journals, scrapbooks, and other documents created and compiled by the Churchills over the course of Frank's career as a special agent and Indian Inspector for the Department of the Interior between 1899 and 1909.

Series 1: Photographs in Indian Territory (Oklahoma): Muskogee, Tahlequah, Sulphur Springs and Other Assignments, 1899-1903, includes 11 photo albums and 357 negatives from Frank Churchill's original assignment as revenue collector to the Cherokee Nation. Locations include Indian Territory (Oklahoma) [bulk], Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa, South Dakota, Arkansas, and Missouri. The Native communities visited and photographed in this series include— Oklahoma Cherokee, Oklahoma Muskogee (Creek), Quapaw, Osage, Miami, Wyandotte [Oklahoma], Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne), Winnebago [Nebraska], Eastern Shawnee [Quapaw Agency, Oklahoma], Ponca, Chaticks Si Chaticks (Pawnee), Oto, Sioux [Crow Creek], Kaw (Kansa), Chickasaw, Modoc, Kiowa, Choctaw.

Series 2: Photographs in the Southwest and Midwest: Arizona, New Mexico, Califonia, Minnesota and Wisconsin, 1903-1907, includes 9 photo albums and 832 negatives from Frank Churchill's assignment as an Indian Inspector. Because the Churchills visited some of the same locations on multiple occasions, it has been hard to date some of the negatives. For that reason, all the negatives made in the Southwest have been included in this series, though there are two photo albums with Southwest photographs included in Series 4. Locations in this series includes Arizona, New Mexico, California, Minnesota and Wisconsin. The Native Communities visited and photographed in this series include—A:shiwi (Zuni), Diné (Navajo), Acoma Pueblo, Akimel O'odham (Pima), Cahuilla, Chemehuevi, Cochiti Pueblo, Hopi Pueblo, Isleta Pueblo, K'apovi (Santa Clara Pueblo), Kumeyaay (Diegueño), Laguna Pueblo, Luiseño (Luiseno), Mescalero Apache, Mojave (Mohave), Ohkay Owingeh (San Juan Pueblo), Picuris Pueblo, Piipaash (Maricopa), Puye Pueblo, Quechan (Yuma/Cuchan), San Carlos Apache, Taos Pueblo, Tohono O'odham (Papago).

Series 3: Photographs in Alaska and Oregon, 1905-1910 (bulk 1905), includes four photograph albums and 71 negatives from Frank Churchill's appointment as special agent, by President Roosevelt, to investigate the condition of the school & reindeer service and other affairs in Alaska in the summer and fall of 1905. Two of the albums were not made by the Churchills. The first of these (Box 20) includes photographs by William Hamilton and the second (Box 21) includes photographs by W. T. Lopp. Locations in Alaska include St. Lawrence Island, Nuwukmiut/Point Barrow, Teller, Diomedes Islands, Nome, Kotzebue, Wrangell, Port Clarence Bay, Unalaska Island and Baranof Island. There are a number of photographs aboard the U.S. Cutter "Bear" and aboard the mailboat "Georgia." Native communities photographed include—Yuit (Siberian Yup'ik), Inupiaq (Alaskan Inupiat Eskimo), Bering Strait Inupiaq [Diomedes], Alutiiq (Pacific Eskimo), Tlingit.

Series 4: Photographs in Arizona, Utah, North Carolina, Montana, North Dakota, Florida and Miscellaneous, 1907-1909, includes five photograph albums and 163 negatives from Frank Churchill's assignment at Indian Inspector. Because the Churchills visited some of the same locations in the Southwest (Arizona and Utah) on multiple occasions, it has been hard to date some of the negatives. For that reason, all the negatives made in the Southwest have been included in Series 3. Locations include Arizona, Utah, North Carolina, Montana, North Dakota and Florida. Native communities visited and photographed include-Diné (Navajo), Hopi Pueblo, Kaibab Paiute, Quechan (Yuma/Cuchan), Eastern Band of Cherokee, Pikuni Blackfeet (Piegan), Wahpetonwan Dakota [Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux Tribe], Turtle Mountain Chippewa, Seminole. There is restricted material in Box 23 (Album P23380).

Series 5: Non-Native Photographs: Colorado Vacation, Lebanon, New Hampshire, and other Materials, 1898-1913, includes four photograph albums from vacations and other visits made by the Churchills unrelated to Frank's activities as Indian Inspector.

Series 6: Manuscripts: Journals, Documents and Scrapbooks, 1880-1928 (bulk 1899-1909), includes three linear feet of materials arranged in three subseries. Subseries 6.1, Clara Churchill, includes 16 journals, 12 scrapbooks and various other manuscript materials written and accumulated by Clara Churchill during their travels. Many of the journals include personal writings as well as several photographs that are duplicated in the photograph albums. The journals and scrapbooks encompass the full range of the Churchills' travels and include notes from Indian Territory, Southwest, Midwest, Southeast, Plains and Alaska. Subseries 6.2, Colonel Frank C. Churchill, includes official documents around Churchill's assignments as well as the reports Frank submitted back to the Secretary of the Interior (Box 41 and 42). Subseries 6.3, Churchill Museum and Miscellaneous, includes catalogs and other notes related to the large collection of Native American objects amassed by Frank and Clara. Clara also collected other items such as shells, minerals, and sand.

Series 7: Lantern Slides for Lectures, 1899-1909, includes 325 hand colored glass lantern slides. These were made by the Churchills from existing negatives and used for lectures. Lantern slides #1-#121 include views photographed in Alaska in 1905. Sldes #122-#325 include an assortment of views from Oklahoma (Indian Territory), Nebraska, Montana, Minnesota, California, Arizona and New Mexico photographed between 1900 and 1909.
Arrangement:
The Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection has been arranged in seven series by material type and then chronologically. The first five series are then divided into subseries by "Photo Albums" and "Negatives." These include--Series 1: Photographs in Indian Territory (Oklahoma): Muskogee, Tahlequah, Sulphur Springs and Other Assignments, 1899-1903; Series 2: Photographs in the Southwest and Midwest: Arizona, New Mexico, California, Minnesota and Wisconsin, 1907-1907; Series 3: Photographs in Alaska and Oregon, 1905-1910 (bulk 1905-1905); Series 4: Photographs in Arizona, Utah, North Carolina, Montana, North Dakota, Florida and Miscellaneous, 1907-1909; Series 5: Non-Native Photographs: Colorado Vaction, Lebanon, New Hampshire, and other Materials.

Series 6: Manuscripts: Journals, Documents and Scrapbooks, 1880-1928, is arranged in three subseries. Subseries 6.1: Clara G. Churchill, Subseries 6.2: Frank C. Churchill, and Subseries 6.3: Churchill Museum and Miscellaneous. Series 7: Lantern Slides for Lectures, 1899-1909, is arranged in orginal number order from the Hood Museum at Dartmouth College.
Biographical / Historical:
Frank Carroll Churchill was born August 2, 1850 to Benjamin P. Churchill and Susanna Thompson in West Fairlee, Vermont. Frank was educated at Thetford Academy in Thetford, VT and worked as a clerk for D.C. Churchill & Co. in Lyme, NH between 1869-1870. Between 1870 and 1877, Churchill was employed by H.W. Carter as a wholesale merchant in Lebanon, New Hampshire. During this time, Churchill met Clara Corser Turner and they were married on June 11, 1874.

Clara G. (Turner) Churchill was born December 16, 1851, to Colonel Francis H. Corser and Sarah Hook (Perkins) Corser. Colonel Corser and his wife died young, and Clara was adopted by George and Abby H. Turner of Concord, New Hampshire. In 1877, in association with William S. Carter, Frank Churchill opened the business "Carter & Churchill" which was in this business for 21 years. Churchill held various political offices from 1879-91. He served as chairman of the Republican town committee of Lebanon and of the Republican State committee in 1890 and 1891. He served on the staff of Governor Natt Head in 1879 and 1880, with the rank of Colonel. He was chairman of the New Hampshire delegation at the Republican National Convention which nominated President Harrison and represented the Fourth District in the Executive Council in 1889-1890 during the administration of Governor David. H. Goodell.

In 1899 Frank was appointed revenue inspector for the Cherokee Nation in Indian Territory and was later appointed a special agent for the Interior Department to formulate a system of public schools in Indian Territory (Oklahoma) and across the Southwest. In 1905, he was appointed special agent, by President Roosevelt, to investigate the condition of the school & reindeer service and other affairs in Alaska and was reappointed Indian Inspector between 1905-1909. In 1909, Churchill resigned due to failing health and died November 5, 1912. Clara accompanied Frank on all his travels between 1899 and 1909 (see below chronology for full details) maintaining journals and writing articles for publication in "WHAT." Clara was also a painter, producing watercolors and hand-painting many of the photographs she and Frank made on their travels. Following Frank's death, Clara maintained their collection of Native artifacts and photographs in their home in Lebanon, New Hampshire. Clara died April 16, 1945, bequeathing the full collection to Dartmouth College.
Frank Churchill's assignments as Special agent and Indian Inspector from 1899-1909 took him all over the United States including Indian Territory (present day Oklahoma), Missouri, Texas, Nebraska, Kansas, South Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, California, Florida, North Carolina and Alaska. During this time the Churchills visited over 80 different Native communities. For more details, see the chronology below.

Travels in Indian Territory (Oklahoma) and other assignments, 1899-1903

1899, June 29 -- Churchills arrive in Muskogee, Indian Territory (Oklahoma).

1899, July-October -- Visit to Fort Gibson, Tahlequah, Sallisaw, and Vinita (Indian Territory/Oklahoma). Visit to Noel and South west City, Missouri. Visit to Chelsea and Coffeyville, Kansas. Visit to Fort Smith, Arkansas.

1899, November -- Visit Tahlequah while the Cherokee Nation legislature was in session.

1899, December -- Travel in Colorado.

1900, March -- Return to Muskogee and Fort Gibson.

1900, Sept 17-Oct 5 -- Dawes Commission in Vinita.

1901, Mar-Apr 3 -- Visit to the Quapaw Agency, Wyandotte Reservation and school, Modoc reservation and the town of Miami.

1901, April -- Visit to Denison, Texas. Visit to Checotah, Eufaula, South McAlester (Choctaw nation).

1901, Summer -- Visit to Pawhuska, Osage Nation.

1901, October -- Visit to Tishomingo, seat of government of the Chickasaws.

1902, January -- Trip to the Chickasaw Nation Visit to Anadarko, Indian Agency of the Kiowa, Comanche and Apache, Fort Sill, Wichita Mountains, and Lawton.

1902, May -- Frank is dispatched to Sioux City, Iowa.

1902, May-June -- Visit to Winnebago Agency, Omaha Agency, Santee Agency.

1902, July -- Visit to St. Paul, Minnesota and Eau Claire, Wisconsin, (Chippewa Falls). Frank is sent to Sulphur Springs, Texas, to author a report.

1902, August -- Churchills return to Muskogee, IT.

1902, September-October -- Trip to White Eagle, Ponca Agency for a month. Visit to Otoe school, Pawnee School, Shawnee, Sac and Fox reservations.

1902, November-December -- Visit to Crow Creek Agency.

1903, January -- Return to Sulpher Springs, Texas.

1903, March -- Visit to Pawhuska, Osage Nation.

1903, April -- Visit to Colorado.

1903, May-October -- Visit to 23 towns in Oklahoma (IT) with the Secretary of the Interior.

Travels in New Mexico, Arizona and California, 1903-1905

1903, November -- Frank receives orders to proceed to Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico.

1903, December 9 -- Visit to Zuni, followed by Canyon de Chelly, Hubbell's Ranch, Keams Canyon.

1903, December 21 -- Visit to Hopi Pueblo. Walpi, Polacca Day School, Oraibi, Shumopavi (Shungopavi/Songoopavi), Shipaulovi (Supawlavi) and Mishongnovi (Musungnuvi).

1903, December 28 -- Visit to Fort Defiance.

1904, January -- Travel in New Mexico. Visit to Gallup, Laguna Pueblo, Acomita, Paraje, Acoma, Albuquerque, Isleta Pueblo, Santa Fe, Ohkay Owingeh (San Juan Pueblo), K'apovi (Santa Clara Pueblo).

1904, February -- Visit to Sacaton, Akimel O'odham (Pima) Reservation and Casa Grande ruins in Arizona.

1904, March -- Visit to Lehi Day School, Salt River Day School, Phoenix Indian School, Gila River Crossing Day School and Maricopa Day School, Arizona.

1904, March 10-26 -- Visit to Fort Mojave and Chemehuevi.

1904, March 30-April -- Visit to Riverside, California, Sherman Institute and Perris School. Side trip to Yuma, Arizona.

1905, January-February -- Visit to Sulphur, IT.

1905, March -- Visit to Mescalero Apache Agency, San Carlos Apache Agency, Geronimo Settlement, Rice Station School at Talkalai.

1905, April 10-20 -- Return to Sherman Institute in Riverside, California. Visit to San Jacinto, Perris, Saboba, Cahuilla, San Manuella (Band of Mission Indians), Coachella, Torres Reservation, Martinez Reservation Day School, Cabazon Reservation, Protrero Reservation and Day School.

1905, April 22-May -- Visit to Temecula, Pechanga Day School, Pala Mission, Campo Reservation, Mission of San Luis Rey, Rincon Day School, Mesa Grande School, Santa Ysabel (Diegueno), Volcan Mountain Day School.

Travels in Alaska, 1905

1905, June -- Frank receives an assignment in Alaska.

1905, July -- Board the U.S. Revenue Cutter "Bear" in Nome. Visit to Reindeer Station in Teller, Cape Prince of Wales, Kotzebue Sound, Cape Thompson, Point Hope and Point Barrow.

1905, August -- Visit to Wainwright Inlet, return to Nome. Visit to Anvil Creek, Gologin (Golovin) Bay, St. Lawrence Island, Pribilof Islands (Seal Islands), St. George, Dutch Harbor and Unalaska.

1905, September -- Board the "Dora" anchored near Belkofski, Cold Bay, Karluk, Afgonak, and Kodiak. Stop in Homer, Seldovia and Seward. Visit to Sitka.

1905, September 28 -- Board the steamer "Georgia" to Juneau and Skagway via Hoonah.

1905, October -- Return to Lebanon, NH.

Travels in Arizona, New Mexico, Minnesota, Wisconsin, California and Utah, 1906-1907

1906, March-April -- Re-assigned to Southwest and arrive in Tucson, Arizona. Visit to San Xavier Mission, Tohono O'odham (Papago) reservation, Casa Grande, Sacaton, Maricopa, Gila Crossing, Salt River and Phoenix schools.

1906, May -- Return to New Mexico to visit Gallup and Zuni Day School.

1906, June -- Visit to St, Paul, Minnesota and the White Earth (Ojibwe) reservation and Wild Rice River School in Boliere.

1906, July -- Visit to Ashland, Wisconsin, Lac Courte Oreilles, Hayward, and Lac de Flambeau (La Pointe Agency.

1906, July-September -- Return to Lebanon, New Hampshire.

1906, September -- Visit to Fond du Lac (Winnebago Lake), Wabeno, and Carter, Wisconsin.

1906, October -- Visit to Phlox, Wausau, Minocqua, Star Lake, Bark River and Wausaukee, Wisconsin.

1906, November-December -- Visit to Keshena (Green Bay Indian School), Menominee Reservation and Ashland, Wisconsin.

1906, December-January -- Stay in Washington, DC.

1907, February -- Return to Albuquerque, New Mexico.

1907, March -- Visit to Santa Fe and various Pueblos (Cochiti, Tesuque, San Ildefonso, Ohkay Owingeh [San Juan], Toas and Picuris).

1907, April -- Return to Albuquerque, visit to Pueblos (Isleta, Laguna, Mesita, Acomita, Paraje, Acoma, Seama).

1907, April -- Visit to Phoenix, Arizona (Phoenix Indian School), Fort McDowell and Salt River Day School.

1907, May -- Visit to Sacaton, Maricopa, Casa Grande, and Yuma, Arizona.

1907, June -- Visit to Riverside (Sherman Institute), and Pomona, California.

1907, June-July -- Travel to Salt Lake City, Utah. Visit Panguitch, Orton, Kanab, Escalante and Marysvale, Utah.

1907, July-August -- Return to Arizona. Visit Flagstaff, Tuba Indian School, as well as Hopi Pueblo (Walpi, Moencopi, and Oraibi).

1907, September-October -- Return to Lebanon, NH.

Travels in North Carolina, Montana and Florida, 1907-1909

1907, October 22 -- Assigned to Cherokee, North Carolina, to make a new roll of the Eastern Band of Cherokee.

1907, November -- Arrive in Cherokee, North Caolina.

1908, February -- Visit to Robbinsville and Big Cove

1908, April -- Cherokee council meeting regarding Churchill's new roll.

1908, May -- Completes assignment in North Carolina.

1908, June-September -- Return to Washington, DC and Lebanon, New Hampshire.

1908, September-October -- Trip to Montana. Visit to Browning, Blackfeet Reservation, Harlem, Fort Belknap and Fort Peck.

1908, November -- Visit to Spirit Lake (Devil's Lake) and Wahpeton, and Fort Totten, North Dakota.

1908, December -- Visit to Morris, Minnesota.

1909, January -- Trip to Washington, DC for the inauguration of President Taft.

1909, February -- Visit to Carlisle, Pennsylvania.

1909, March-April -- Trip to Florida. Visit to Miami, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Tampa Bay, St. Petersburg, Gainesville, and St. Augustine.

1909, May -- Visit to Soco Creek and Cherokee, North Carolina.

1909, July -- Return to Lebanon, New Hampshire.

1909, August -- Resignation as Indian Inspector.
Related Materials:
A large collection of Native American cultural objects and archaeology bequeathed by Clara Churchill can still be found at the Hood Museum at Dartmouth College.
Provenance:
Frederick Dockstader, former director of the Museum of the American Indian (MAI), Heye Foundation, illegally removed the majority of the photographs (photo albums, negatives) and manuscript material (journals, reports) from the Hood Museum of Art at Dartmouth College in 1955, before depositing them at the MAI. Those materials were officially gifted to NMAI in 2018 by the Hood Museum. Additional materials from the Churchill collection that remained at the Hood Museum (lantern slides, photographs, scrapbooks, journals) were donated in 2020. These materials have been noted in the finding aid.
Restrictions:
Access to NMAI Archives Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).
Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Topic:
Boarding schools  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Photographic prints
Photograph albums
Negatives (photographic)
Citation:
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection, NMAI.AC.058, National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NMAI.AC.058
See more items in:
Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection
Archival Repository:
National Museum of the American Indian
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sv45e31a2d8-afd7-4320-96c7-1f596f51c142
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-058
Online Media:

Photographs in the Southwest and Midwest: Arizona, New Mexico, Califonia, Minnesota and Wisconsin

Collection Creator:
Churchill, Frank C. (Frank Carroll), 1850-1912  Search this
Churchill, Clara G.  Search this
Extent:
9 Photograph albums
832 Negatives (photographic)
Culture:
Diné (Navajo)  Search this
A:shiwi (Zuni)  Search this
Acoma Pueblo  Search this
Akimel O'odham (Pima)  Search this
Cahuilla  Search this
Chemehuevi  Search this
Cochiti Pueblo  Search this
Hopi Pueblo  Search this
Isleta Pueblo  Search this
K'apovi (Santa Clara Pueblo)  Search this
Kumeyaay (Diegueño)  Search this
Laguna Pueblo  Search this
Payómkawichum (Luiseño)  Search this
Mescalero Apache  Search this
Mojave (Mohave)  Search this
Ohkay Owingeh (San Juan Pueblo)  Search this
Picuris Pueblo  Search this
Piipaash (Maricopa)  Search this
Puye Pueblo  Search this
Quechan (Yuma/Cuchan)  Search this
San Carlos Apache  Search this
Taos Pueblo  Search this
Tohono O'odham (Papago)  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photograph albums
Negatives (photographic)
Date:
1903-1907
Scope and Contents:
Series 2: Photographs in the Southwest and Midwest, 1903-1907, includes nine photo albums and 832 negatives from Frank Churchill's assignment as an Indian Inspector. Because the Churchills visited some of the same locations on multiple occasions, it has been hard to date some of the negatives. For that reason, all the negatives made in the Southwest have been included in this series, though there are two photo albums with Southwest photographs included in Series 4. Locations in this series includes Arizona, New Mexico, California, Minnesota and Wisconsin. The Native Communities visited and photographed in this series include—A:shiwi (Zuni), Diné (Navajo), Acoma Pueblo, Akimel O'odham (Pima), Cahuilla, Chemehuevi, Cochiti Pueblo, Hopi Pueblo, Isleta Pueblo, K'apovi (Santa Clara Pueblo), Kumeyaay (Diegueño), Laguna Pueblo, Luiseño (Luiseno), Mescalero Apache, Mojave (Mohave), Ohkay Owingeh (San Juan Pueblo), Picuris Pueblo, Piipaash (Maricopa), Puye Pueblo, Quechan (Yuma/Cuchan), San Carlos Apache, Taos Pueblo, Tohono O'odham (Papago).
Collection Restrictions:
Access to NMAI Archives Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).
Collection Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Collection Citation:
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection, NMAI.AC.058, National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NMAI.AC.058, Series 2
See more items in:
Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection
Archival Repository:
National Museum of the American Indian
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sv4343f34d8-564c-43d3-85ee-36568667bf48
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmai-ac-058-ref11

San Diego County Reservations (California)

Collection Creator:
Churchill, Frank C. (Frank Carroll), 1850-1912  Search this
Churchill, Clara G.  Search this
Extent:
79 Photographic prints
Container:
Box 15
Culture:
Kumeyaay (Diegueño)  Search this
Pala Band Luiseño (Agua Caliente)  Search this
Payómkawichum (Luiseño)  Search this
Pechanga Band Luiseño  Search this
Rincon Band Luiseño  Search this
Santa Ysabel (Santa Isabela) Diegueño  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Photographic prints
Date:
1905 April-May
Scope and Contents:
This album contains 79 photographic prints taken by Frank Churchill from April to May 1905 on various reservations in San Diego County, California. The album was later compiled and captioned by Clara Churchill. Some of the photographs were also later hand colored by Clara Churchill. The majority of photographs were taken among the Kumeyaay (Diegueño) and Luiseño (Luiseno) communities at the Pala, Pechanga, Campo, Capitan Grande, La Posta, Manzanita, Mesa Grande, Santa Ysabel (Volcan), La Jolla and Rincon reservations during Frank Churchill's assignment as U.S. Indian Inspector to visit Indian day schools and boarding schools.

These photographs include—Pala Indian Village (forcibly moved from Warm Spring Ranch); Pechanga School; Rincon School; La Jolla School; views and people in La Posta, Manzanita, and Capitan Grande. Photographs in Mesa Grande include—House of Edward H. Davis; Narcico Lachapa; the Mesa Grande council (junta); and a child and grandmother. Photographs in Santa Ysabel (Volcan) include—Woman grinding acorns; Volcan school and pupils; Santa Ysabel chapel and bells; Old mission bells (dating from 1768 and 1793). Photographs from Campo include—Store and trading post; group of people; field matron's house and clinic; Campo girls; "Capitan" of Campo; and the Campo hotel. Additional photographs in this album include—Mission San Luis Ray and the Mission and bell tower at San Antonio de Pala; a panoramic view of Monserrata Ranch, the original spot chosen for the Warm Springs Indians; and Tule houses on the Morongo reservation in Banning.

The majority of photographs in this album have corresponding negatives.
Collection Restrictions:
Access to NMAI Archives Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).
Collection Rights:
Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.
Collection Citation:
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection, NMAI.AC.058, National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NMAI.AC.058, File P23381
See more items in:
Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection
Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection / Series 2: Photographs in the Southwest and Midwest: Arizona, New Mexico, Califonia, Minnesota and Wisconsin / 2.1: Photograph Albums
Archival Repository:
National Museum of the American Indian
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sv49ca80a62-4714-4e4f-ae90-ae6b8213e6a8
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmai-ac-058-ref63

C. Hart Merriam photographs of Native Americans

Creator:
Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942  Search this
Photographer:
Boysen Studio  Search this
Diller, J. S.  Search this
Harrington, John Peabody, 1884-1961  Search this
Henshaw, Henry W. (Henry Wetherbee), 1850-1930  Search this
Meddaugh, O. E.  Search this
Names:
Muir, John, 1838-1914  Search this
Talbot, Zenaida Merriam (photographer)  Search this
Twain, Mark, 1835-1910  Search this
Extent:
5,000 Items (glass negatives, film negatives, lantern slides, and some prints)
Culture:
Apache  Search this
Athapascan Indians  Search this
Achomawi (Pit River)  Search this
Jicarilla Apache  Search this
Indians of North America -- Southwest, New  Search this
Atsugewi (Hat Creek)  Search this
Patwin  Search this
Karuk (Karok)  Search this
Klamath  Search this
Hopi Pueblo  Search this
Shasta  Search this
Shoshone  Search this
Pomo  Search this
Paiute  Search this
Koso (Panamint) Shoshone  Search this
Akimel O'odham (Pima)  Search this
Kutzadika'a (Mono Paiute)  Search this
Diné (Navajo)  Search this
Niimíipuu (Nez Perce)  Search this
Ohlone (Costano)  Search this
Indians of North America -- Great Basin  Search this
Payómkawichum (Luiseño)  Search this
Maidu  Search this
Mewuk (Miwok)  Search this
Modoc  Search this
Klikitat  Search this
Laguna Indians  Search this
Indians of North America -- California  Search this
Yana  Search this
Wintu  Search this
Yokuts  Search this
Yokayo Pomo  Search this
Pueblo  Search this
Tolowa  Search this
Taos Indians  Search this
Washo Indians  Search this
Wasco  Search this
Nisenan Indians  Search this
Indians of North America -- Subarctic  Search this
Indians of North America -- Plateau  Search this
Hupa  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Lantern slides
Photographs
Date:
circa 1902-1938
Scope and Contents note:
Photographs depicting Native American baskets and portraits of Native Americans with whom C. Hart Merriam worked, as well as scenic views and images of animals and plants, mostly in California. Many of the photographs were made by Merriam himself or his daughter Zenaida Merriam Talbot. In addition, Merriam collected photographs from other researchers and photographers, including J. S. Diller, John Peabody Harrington, Henry Wetherbee Henshaw, and O. E. Meddaugh. There are also images acquired from the Boysen Studio of Yosemite and photographs of Mark Twain, John Muir, basketmaker Maggie James, and Merriam's family.
Biographical/Historical note:
Clinton Hart Merriam (1855-1942) was a Columbia University-educated physician who worked as a naturalist, including as head of the Biological Survey for the US Department of Agriculture. He joined the Harriman Alaska Expedition as a zoologist in 1899. In 1910, he left the USDA and began to conduct research among California tribes. Financed by Mary W. Harriman and the E. H. Harriman Fund administered by the Smithsonian, he researched tribes' vocabularies, history, mythology, crafts (particularly basketmaking) until about 1936. His resarch was assisted by his daughter, Zenaida, who took photographs and painted glass slides for him. Merriam served as President of the Anthropological Society of Washington in 1920-1921.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 74-27
General note:
Additional information supplied by Marvin Shodas.
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Merriam's notes held in the National Anthropological Archives in MS 1563 and in the Smithsonian Institution Archives in SIA Acc. 12-264.
Additional photographs by Merriam held in the National Museum of American Indian Archives in the Mary Harriman Rumsey Photograph Collection and the Harriman Alaska Expedition Photograph Collection.
Correspondence from Merriam held in the National Anthropological Archives in MS 4558, the Department of Anthropology records (Manuscript and Pamphlet file), Bureau of American Ethnology records, J.C. Pilling Papers, Ales Hrdlicka Papers, and Jesse Logan Nusbaum Papers.
The Bancroft Library at University of California, Berkeley holds the C. Hart Merriam Papers, C. Hart Merriam Collection of Native American Photographs (prints corresponding to negatives in this collection), and C. Hart Merriam pictorial collection.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Topic:
Baskets  Search this
Genre/Form:
Lantern slides
Photographs
Citation:
Photo lot 74-27, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.PhotoLot.74-27
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3deff9e69-60c3-4ce5-83a4-22711ef14333
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-photolot-74-27

Edward Harvey Davis photograph collection

Creator:
Davis, Edward H., b. 1862  Search this
Extent:
770 Photographic prints (approximate number, black & white)
2000 Negatives (photographic) (approximate number)
Culture:
Cochiti Pueblo  Search this
Cora  Search this
Indians of North America -- California  Search this
Akimel O'odham (Pima)  Search this
Cochimi  Search this
Cahuilla  Search this
Cocopa  Search this
Cora  Search this
Hualapai (Walapai)  Search this
Kiliwa  Search this
Kumeyaay (Diegueño)  Search this
Mojave (Mohave)  Search this
Opata  Search this
Piipaash (Maricopa)  Search this
Quechan (Yuma/Cuchan)  Search this
Seri  Search this
Tohono O'odham (Papago)  Search this
Wixarika (Huichol)  Search this
Yavapai  Search this
Chemehuevi  Search this
Yoreme (Mayo)  Search this
Nevome (Pima Bajo)  Search this
Paipai (Pi-Pi/Pais)  Search this
Guaycura (Waicuri)  Search this
Yoeme (Yaqui)  Search this
Campo Band of Kumeyaay  Search this
Kamia (Desert Kumeyaay)  Search this
Manzanita Band of Kumeyaay  Search this
San Carlos Apache  Search this
White Mountain Apache  Search this
Pechanga Band Luiseño  Search this
Soboba Luiseño  Search this
Payómkawichum (Luiseño)  Search this
Yavapai [Fort McDowell]  Search this
Cahuilla [Morongo Band of Mission Indians]  Search this
Desert Cahuilla [Torres-Martinez Reservation/Torres-Martinez Band]  Search this
Yoeme (Yaqui) [Pascua Yaqui]  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Negatives (photographic)
Negatives
Place:
Mexico
Arizona
California
Date:
1903-1939
Summary:
Davis visited the Diegueno and Luiseno in southern California; the Pi-pi (Pais), Kil-e-wah (Cahuilla), and Waicuri of Lower California, Mexico; the Yuma, Cocopah, Pima, Papago, Maricopa, Mojave, Hualapai (Walapai), Yaqui, and White Mountain Apache in Arizona; the Cora, Huichol, Opata, Mayo, and Yaqui of Mexico; the Seri of Tiburon Island; the Chemehuevi of Nevada and California; the Modoc and Klamath Lake Indians in Oregon; and the Paiute in Nevada. His collection contains photographs of Apache, Cahuilla, Chemehuevi, Cochimi, Cochiti Pueblo, Cocopa, Cora, Guaicuruj, Huichol, Kawia, Kiliwa, Kumeyaay (Diegueno), Luiseno, Maricopa, Mayo, Mission, Mohave, Opata, Paipai, Papago (Tohono O'odham), Pima (Akimel O'odham), San Carlos Pueblo, San Manuel, Seri, Ute, Walapai (Hualapai), Yaqui, and Yuma.
Arrangement note:
Collection arranged by item number.
Biographical/Historical note:
Artist, photographer, and artefact collector, Edward Harvey Davis was born on June 18, 1862 in New York. He traveled to California in 1884 for health reasons (Bright's disease i.e. actue of chronic nephritis (a kidney disorder)), arriving in 1885, and settled on 320 acres in an area called Mesa Grande, east of San Diego. Later that year he returned to New York to marry, bringing his new bride, Anna May Wells back to California with him. They would eventually have four children. Shortly after settling in California, Davis became interested in the the Kumeyaay (Northern Diguenos), the Mesa Grande Indians indigenous to that area, and spent the remainder of his life collecting artifacts, studying and photographing them. He collected so many items that his ranch house ran out of room for them, necessitating the building of another structure (adobe) to house them. As a result of this interest and care of the Mesa Grande Indians in San Diego County, in 1907, Davis was named a ceremonial chief by the Indians themselves. Originally trained as an artist, Davis first worked as a drafter and architect. Upon his arrival in San Diego in 1885, he fortuitously invested in and profited from the booming real estate industry of the time. Davis became known to George Gustav Heye when Heye initially purchased a collection of Indian artifacts from him for the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation in 1915. With the money from the sale of his collection, Davis was able to open a resort lodge called the Powam that same year. His real estate investments and his lodge enabled Davis to finance his fieldwork, most of which he did on his own. In 1916 however, Davis also became an official field collector for the Museum of the American Indian in New York. Sporadically, from 1917 to 1930, Heye contracted Davis to conduct field trips to California, Arizona, New Mexico, Nevada, Mexico, and Tiburon Island, visiting over two dozen different Indian peoples in the course of his travels. Wherever he went, Davis continued to photograph the Native peoples, but did not consider these photographs to be part of his contract with Heye. Heye later purchased the bulk of Davis's photograph collection. Davis also had sketched objects and landscapes during his travels as a method of preserving what he saw. Davis died in San Bernardino on February 22, 1951. In addition to his photographs, Davis authored several scholarly articles.
Provenance:
Purchased;, Edward H. Davis;, 1917 and 1948.
Restrictions:
Access restricted. Researchers should contact the staff of the NMAI Archives for an appointment to access the collection.
Topic:
Indians of Mexico -- Photographs  Search this
Indians of North America -- Southwest -- Photographs  Search this
Indians of North America -- Basin -- Photographs  Search this
Indians of North America -- California -- Photographs  Search this
Indians of North America -- Arizona -- Photographs  Search this
Genre/Form:
Negatives
Photographic prints
Identifier:
NMAI.AC.001.031
Archival Repository:
National Museum of the American Indian
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sv4d4e4f54a-9f78-4783-be65-b1276c14d9f9
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-001-031

Seed beater

Culture/People:
Soboba Luiseño  Search this
Artist/Maker:
attributed to Luisa Lugo (Louisa Lugo), Soboba Luiseño, ca. 1847-1936  Search this
Previous owner:
Luisa Lugo (Louisa Lugo), Soboba Luiseño, ca. 1847-1936  Search this
Collector:
Edward H. Davis (Edward Harvey Davis/E. H. Davis), Non-Indian, 1862-1951  Search this
Object Name:
Seed beater
Media/Materials:
Wood, metal wire, cordage
Techniques:
Bent, twined, wrapped
Object Type:
Food Gathering and Preparation
Place:
Soboba Reservation (San Jacinto Reservation); Riverside County; California; USA (inferred)
Date created:
circa 1915
Catalog Number:
7/2255
Barcode:
072255.000
See related items:
Soboba Luiseño
Food Gathering and Preparation
Data Source:
National Museum of the American Indian
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ws6a51fd54a-6e5a-4a96-814c-986263d751dd
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:NMAI_77411
Online Media:

Painting

Culture/People:
Rincon Band Luiseño  Search this
Artist/Maker:
Bonita Wa Wa Calachaw Nunez (Wa Wa Chaw/Wa Wa Calac Chaw [Keep From the Water]/Princess Wa Wa Chaw), Rincon Band Luiseño, 1888-1972  Search this
Object Name:
Painting
Media/Materials:
Canvas, oil paint
Techniques:
Painted
Dimensions:
61.9 x 73.7 cm
Object Type:
Painting/Drawing/Print
Place:
New York City; New York; USA (inferred)
Date created:
1940-1970
Catalog Number:
25/4547
Barcode:
254547.000
See related items:
Rincon Band Luiseño
Painting/Drawing/Print
Data Source:
National Museum of the American Indian
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ws6591ab24d-6a8a-4864-b59d-ed4008939464
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:NMAI_270505
Online Media:

Leniona Black Bear

Culture/People:
Rincon Band Luiseño  Search this
Artist/Maker:
Bonita Wa Wa Calachaw Nunez (Wa Wa Chaw/Wa Wa Calac Chaw [Keep From the Water]/Princess Wa Wa Chaw), Rincon Band Luiseño, 1888-1972  Search this
Title:
Leniona Black Bear
Object Name:
Painting
Media/Materials:
Canvas, oil paint
Techniques:
Painted
Dimensions:
81.0 x 71.7 x 8.4 cm
Object Type:
Painting/Drawing/Print
Place:
New York City; New York; USA (inferred)
Date created:
1922
Catalog Number:
25/4549
Barcode:
254549.000
See related items:
Rincon Band Luiseño
Painting/Drawing/Print
Data Source:
National Museum of the American Indian
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ws6cc138dd5-bb59-44a1-8d87-5307b1f51664
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:NMAI_270506
Online Media:

Painting

Culture/People:
Rincon Band Luiseño  Search this
Artist/Maker:
Bonita Wa Wa Calachaw Nunez (Wa Wa Chaw/Wa Wa Calac Chaw [Keep From the Water]/Princess Wa Wa Chaw), Rincon Band Luiseño, 1888-1972  Search this
Object Name:
Painting
Media/Materials:
Canvas, oil paint
Techniques:
Painted
Dimensions:
96.7 x 125.6 x 7.3 cm
Object Type:
Painting/Drawing/Print
Place:
New York City; New York; USA (inferred)
Date created:
1940-1970
Catalog Number:
25/4550
Barcode:
254550.000
See related items:
Rincon Band Luiseño
Painting/Drawing/Print
Data Source:
National Museum of the American Indian
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ws61ed985a0-3f32-4ca0-9872-d0159c797069
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:NMAI_270507
Online Media:

Painting

Culture/People:
Rincon Band Luiseño  Search this
Artist/Maker:
Bonita Wa Wa Calachaw Nunez (Wa Wa Chaw/Wa Wa Calac Chaw [Keep From the Water]/Princess Wa Wa Chaw), Rincon Band Luiseño, 1888-1972  Search this
Object Name:
Painting
Media/Materials:
Paperboard, oil paint
Techniques:
Painted
Dimensions:
72.2 x 61.3 x 4.0 cm
Object Type:
Painting/Drawing/Print
Place:
New York City; New York; USA (inferred)
Date created:
1940-1970
Catalog Number:
25/4551
Barcode:
254551.000
See related items:
Rincon Band Luiseño
Painting/Drawing/Print
Data Source:
National Museum of the American Indian
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ws6f5552d8e-e7be-40e0-a475-3a1528735574
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:NMAI_270508
Online Media:

Painting

Culture/People:
Rincon Band Luiseño  Search this
Artist/Maker:
Bonita Wa Wa Calachaw Nunez (Wa Wa Chaw/Wa Wa Calac Chaw [Keep From the Water]/Princess Wa Wa Chaw), Rincon Band Luiseño, 1888-1972  Search this
Object Name:
Painting
Media/Materials:
Paperboard, oil paint
Techniques:
Painted
Dimensions:
72.2 x 63.1 x 0.6 cm
Object Type:
Painting/Drawing/Print
Place:
New York City; New York; USA (inferred)
Date created:
1940-1970
Catalog Number:
25/4552
Barcode:
254552.000
See related items:
Rincon Band Luiseño
Painting/Drawing/Print
Data Source:
National Museum of the American Indian
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ws60e3a68ea-c421-4db1-a159-f753d45a1bbf
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:NMAI_270509
Online Media:

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