Search Results

Creator:

Churchill, Frank C. (Frank Carroll), 1850-1912  Search this

Churchill, Clara G.  Search this

Names:

United States. Bureau of Indian Affairs  Search this

United States. Department of the Interior  Search this

Extent:

3,710 Photographic prints (29 photograph albums)

3 Linear feet

1430 Negatives (photographic) (acetate)

325 Lantern slides (colored)

Culture:

Oklahoma Cherokee  Search this

Oklahoma Muskogee (Creek)  Search this

Osage  Search this

A:shiwi (Zuni)  Search this

Indians of North America  Search this

Sioux [Crow Creek]  Search this

Ponca  Search this

Chaticks Si Chaticks (Pawnee)  Search this

Oklahoma Seminole  Search this

Quapaw  Search this

Miami [Oklahoma]  Search this

Wyandotte [Oklahoma]  Search this

Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this

Ho-Chunk (Winnebago)  Search this

Eastern Shawnee [Quapaw Agency, Oklahoma]  Search this

Chaticks Si Chaticks (Pawnee)  Search this

Oto  Search this

Sioux [Crow Creek]  Search this

Chickasaw  Search this

Modoc  Search this

Kiowa  Search this

Kaw (Kansa)  Search this

Diné (Navajo)  Search this

Acoma Pueblo  Search this

Akimel O'odham (Pima)  Search this

Cahuilla  Search this

Chemehuevi  Search this

Cochiti Pueblo  Search this

Hopi Pueblo  Search this

Isleta Pueblo  Search this

K'apovi (Santa Clara Pueblo)  Search this

Kumeyaay (Diegueño)  Search this

Laguna Pueblo  Search this

Payómkawichum (Luiseño)  Search this

Mescalero Apache  Search this

Mojave (Mohave)  Search this

Ohkay Owingeh (San Juan Pueblo)  Search this

Picuris Pueblo  Search this

Piipaash (Maricopa)  Search this

Puye Pueblo  Search this

Quechan (Yuma/Cuchan)  Search this

San Carlos Apache  Search this

Taos Pueblo  Search this

Tohono O'odham (Papago)  Search this

Minnesota Chippewa  Search this

Lake Superior Chippewa  Search this

Potawatomi  Search this

Menominee (Menomini)  Search this

Pechanga Band Luiseño  Search this

Rincon Band Luiseño  Search this

Santa Ysabel (Santa Isabela) Diegueño  Search this

Pala Band Luiseño (Agua Caliente)  Search this

Yuit (Siberian Yup'ik)  Search this

Inupiaq (Alaskan Inupiat Eskimo)  Search this

Bering Strait Inupiaq  Search this

Alutiiq (Pacific Eskimo)  Search this

Tlingit  Search this

Eastern Band of Cherokee  Search this

Pikuni Blackfeet (Piegan)  Search this

Wahpetonwan Dakota (Wahpeton Sioux)  Search this

Seminole  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Photographic prints

Negatives (photographic)

Lantern slides

Photographs

Photograph albums

Place:

Utah

Alaska

Oklahoma

Washington

Florida

Montana

Arizona

Arkansas

Missouri

North Carolina

Minnesota

New Mexico

California

Date:

1880-1928

bulk 1899-1909

Summary:

The Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection includes photographic negatives, photo albums, lantern slides, journals, scrapbooks and other documents created and compiled by the Churchills over the course of Frank's career as a special agent and Indian Inspector for the Department of the Interior between 1899 and 1909. Initially assigned as a revenue collector to the Cherokee Nation and later as an Indian Inspector reviewing boarding schools, Frank's assignments took him all over the United States including Indian Territory (present day Oklahoma), Missouri, Texas, Nebraska, Kansas, South Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, California, Florida, North Carolina and Alaska. During this time the Churchills visited over 80 different Native communities shooting photographs and taking notes.

Scope and Contents:

The Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection includes 1430 photographic negatives, 29 photo albums containing 3710 photographic prints, 325 lantern slides, and 3 linear feet of journals, scrapbooks, and other documents created and compiled by the Churchills over the course of Frank's career as a special agent and Indian Inspector for the Department of the Interior between 1899 and 1909.

Series 1: Photographs in Indian Territory (Oklahoma): Muskogee, Tahlequah, Sulphur Springs and Other Assignments, 1899-1903, includes 11 photo albums and 357 negatives from Frank Churchill's original assignment as revenue collector to the Cherokee Nation. Locations include Indian Territory (Oklahoma) [bulk], Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa, South Dakota, Arkansas, and Missouri. The Native communities visited and photographed in this series include— Oklahoma Cherokee, Oklahoma Muskogee (Creek), Quapaw, Osage, Miami, Wyandotte [Oklahoma], Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne), Winnebago [Nebraska], Eastern Shawnee [Quapaw Agency, Oklahoma], Ponca, Chaticks Si Chaticks (Pawnee), Oto, Sioux [Crow Creek], Kaw (Kansa), Chickasaw, Modoc, Kiowa, Choctaw.

Series 2: Photographs in the Southwest and Midwest: Arizona, New Mexico, Califonia, Minnesota and Wisconsin, 1903-1907, includes 9 photo albums and 832 negatives from Frank Churchill's assignment as an Indian Inspector. Because the Churchills visited some of the same locations on multiple occasions, it has been hard to date some of the negatives. For that reason, all the negatives made in the Southwest have been included in this series, though there are two photo albums with Southwest photographs included in Series 4. Locations in this series includes Arizona, New Mexico, California, Minnesota and Wisconsin. The Native Communities visited and photographed in this series include—A:shiwi (Zuni), Diné (Navajo), Acoma Pueblo, Akimel O'odham (Pima), Cahuilla, Chemehuevi, Cochiti Pueblo, Hopi Pueblo, Isleta Pueblo, K'apovi (Santa Clara Pueblo), Kumeyaay (Diegueño), Laguna Pueblo, Luiseño (Luiseno), Mescalero Apache, Mojave (Mohave), Ohkay Owingeh (San Juan Pueblo), Picuris Pueblo, Piipaash (Maricopa), Puye Pueblo, Quechan (Yuma/Cuchan), San Carlos Apache, Taos Pueblo, Tohono O'odham (Papago).

Series 3: Photographs in Alaska and Oregon, 1905-1910 (bulk 1905), includes four photograph albums and 71 negatives from Frank Churchill's appointment as special agent, by President Roosevelt, to investigate the condition of the school & reindeer service and other affairs in Alaska in the summer and fall of 1905. Two of the albums were not made by the Churchills. The first of these (Box 20) includes photographs by William Hamilton and the second (Box 21) includes photographs by W. T. Lopp. Locations in Alaska include St. Lawrence Island, Nuwukmiut/Point Barrow, Teller, Diomedes Islands, Nome, Kotzebue, Wrangell, Port Clarence Bay, Unalaska Island and Baranof Island. There are a number of photographs aboard the U.S. Cutter "Bear" and aboard the mailboat "Georgia." Native communities photographed include—Yuit (Siberian Yup'ik), Inupiaq (Alaskan Inupiat Eskimo), Bering Strait Inupiaq [Diomedes], Alutiiq (Pacific Eskimo), Tlingit.

Series 4: Photographs in Arizona, Utah, North Carolina, Montana, North Dakota, Florida and Miscellaneous, 1907-1909, includes five photograph albums and 163 negatives from Frank Churchill's assignment at Indian Inspector. Because the Churchills visited some of the same locations in the Southwest (Arizona and Utah) on multiple occasions, it has been hard to date some of the negatives. For that reason, all the negatives made in the Southwest have been included in Series 3. Locations include Arizona, Utah, North Carolina, Montana, North Dakota and Florida. Native communities visited and photographed include-Diné (Navajo), Hopi Pueblo, Kaibab Paiute, Quechan (Yuma/Cuchan), Eastern Band of Cherokee, Pikuni Blackfeet (Piegan), Wahpetonwan Dakota [Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux Tribe], Turtle Mountain Chippewa, Seminole. There is restricted material in Box 23 (Album P23380).

Series 5: Non-Native Photographs: Colorado Vacation, Lebanon, New Hampshire, and other Materials, 1898-1913, includes four photograph albums from vacations and other visits made by the Churchills unrelated to Frank's activities as Indian Inspector.

Series 6: Manuscripts: Journals, Documents and Scrapbooks, 1880-1928 (bulk 1899-1909), includes three linear feet of materials arranged in three subseries. Subseries 6.1, Clara Churchill, includes 16 journals, 12 scrapbooks and various other manuscript materials written and accumulated by Clara Churchill during their travels. Many of the journals include personal writings as well as several photographs that are duplicated in the photograph albums. The journals and scrapbooks encompass the full range of the Churchills' travels and include notes from Indian Territory, Southwest, Midwest, Southeast, Plains and Alaska. Subseries 6.2, Colonel Frank C. Churchill, includes official documents around Churchill's assignments as well as the reports Frank submitted back to the Secretary of the Interior (Box 41 and 42). Subseries 6.3, Churchill Museum and Miscellaneous, includes catalogs and other notes related to the large collection of Native American objects amassed by Frank and Clara. Clara also collected other items such as shells, minerals, and sand.

Series 7: Lantern Slides for Lectures, 1899-1909, includes 325 hand colored glass lantern slides. These were made by the Churchills from existing negatives and used for lectures. Lantern slides #1-#121 include views photographed in Alaska in 1905. Sldes #122-#325 include an assortment of views from Oklahoma (Indian Territory), Nebraska, Montana, Minnesota, California, Arizona and New Mexico photographed between 1900 and 1909.

Arrangement:

The Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection has been arranged in seven series by material type and then chronologically. The first five series are then divided into subseries by "Photo Albums" and "Negatives." These include--Series 1: Photographs in Indian Territory (Oklahoma): Muskogee, Tahlequah, Sulphur Springs and Other Assignments, 1899-1903; Series 2: Photographs in the Southwest and Midwest: Arizona, New Mexico, California, Minnesota and Wisconsin, 1907-1907; Series 3: Photographs in Alaska and Oregon, 1905-1910 (bulk 1905-1905); Series 4: Photographs in Arizona, Utah, North Carolina, Montana, North Dakota, Florida and Miscellaneous, 1907-1909; Series 5: Non-Native Photographs: Colorado Vaction, Lebanon, New Hampshire, and other Materials.

Series 6: Manuscripts: Journals, Documents and Scrapbooks, 1880-1928, is arranged in three subseries. Subseries 6.1: Clara G. Churchill, Subseries 6.2: Frank C. Churchill, and Subseries 6.3: Churchill Museum and Miscellaneous. Series 7: Lantern Slides for Lectures, 1899-1909, is arranged in orginal number order from the Hood Museum at Dartmouth College.

Biographical / Historical:

Frank Carroll Churchill was born August 2, 1850 to Benjamin P. Churchill and Susanna Thompson in West Fairlee, Vermont. Frank was educated at Thetford Academy in Thetford, VT and worked as a clerk for D.C. Churchill & Co. in Lyme, NH between 1869-1870. Between 1870 and 1877, Churchill was employed by H.W. Carter as a wholesale merchant in Lebanon, New Hampshire. During this time, Churchill met Clara Corser Turner and they were married on June 11, 1874.

Clara G. (Turner) Churchill was born December 16, 1851, to Colonel Francis H. Corser and Sarah Hook (Perkins) Corser. Colonel Corser and his wife died young, and Clara was adopted by George and Abby H. Turner of Concord, New Hampshire. In 1877, in association with William S. Carter, Frank Churchill opened the business "Carter & Churchill" which was in this business for 21 years. Churchill held various political offices from 1879-91. He served as chairman of the Republican town committee of Lebanon and of the Republican State committee in 1890 and 1891. He served on the staff of Governor Natt Head in 1879 and 1880, with the rank of Colonel. He was chairman of the New Hampshire delegation at the Republican National Convention which nominated President Harrison and represented the Fourth District in the Executive Council in 1889-1890 during the administration of Governor David. H. Goodell.

In 1899 Frank was appointed revenue inspector for the Cherokee Nation in Indian Territory and was later appointed a special agent for the Interior Department to formulate a system of public schools in Indian Territory (Oklahoma) and across the Southwest. In 1905, he was appointed special agent, by President Roosevelt, to investigate the condition of the school & reindeer service and other affairs in Alaska and was reappointed Indian Inspector between 1905-1909. In 1909, Churchill resigned due to failing health and died November 5, 1912. Clara accompanied Frank on all his travels between 1899 and 1909 (see below chronology for full details) maintaining journals and writing articles for publication in "WHAT." Clara was also a painter, producing watercolors and hand-painting many of the photographs she and Frank made on their travels. Following Frank's death, Clara maintained their collection of Native artifacts and photographs in their home in Lebanon, New Hampshire. Clara died April 16, 1945, bequeathing the full collection to Dartmouth College.

Frank Churchill's assignments as Special agent and Indian Inspector from 1899-1909 took him all over the United States including Indian Territory (present day Oklahoma), Missouri, Texas, Nebraska, Kansas, South Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, California, Florida, North Carolina and Alaska. During this time the Churchills visited over 80 different Native communities. For more details, see the chronology below.

Travels in Indian Territory (Oklahoma) and other assignments, 1899-1903

1899, June 29 -- Churchills arrive in Muskogee, Indian Territory (Oklahoma).

1899, July-October -- Visit to Fort Gibson, Tahlequah, Sallisaw, and Vinita (Indian Territory/Oklahoma). Visit to Noel and South west City, Missouri. Visit to Chelsea and Coffeyville, Kansas. Visit to Fort Smith, Arkansas.

1899, November -- Visit Tahlequah while the Cherokee Nation legislature was in session.

1899, December -- Travel in Colorado.

1900, March -- Return to Muskogee and Fort Gibson.

1900, Sept 17-Oct 5 -- Dawes Commission in Vinita.

1901, Mar-Apr 3 -- Visit to the Quapaw Agency, Wyandotte Reservation and school, Modoc reservation and the town of Miami.

1901, April -- Visit to Denison, Texas. Visit to Checotah, Eufaula, South McAlester (Choctaw nation).

1901, Summer -- Visit to Pawhuska, Osage Nation.

1901, October -- Visit to Tishomingo, seat of government of the Chickasaws.

1902, January -- Trip to the Chickasaw Nation Visit to Anadarko, Indian Agency of the Kiowa, Comanche and Apache, Fort Sill, Wichita Mountains, and Lawton.

1902, May -- Frank is dispatched to Sioux City, Iowa.

1902, May-June -- Visit to Winnebago Agency, Omaha Agency, Santee Agency.

1902, July -- Visit to St. Paul, Minnesota and Eau Claire, Wisconsin, (Chippewa Falls). Frank is sent to Sulphur Springs, Texas, to author a report.

1902, August -- Churchills return to Muskogee, IT.

1902, September-October -- Trip to White Eagle, Ponca Agency for a month. Visit to Otoe school, Pawnee School, Shawnee, Sac and Fox reservations.

1902, November-December -- Visit to Crow Creek Agency.

1903, January -- Return to Sulpher Springs, Texas.

1903, March -- Visit to Pawhuska, Osage Nation.

1903, April -- Visit to Colorado.

1903, May-October -- Visit to 23 towns in Oklahoma (IT) with the Secretary of the Interior.

Travels in New Mexico, Arizona and California, 1903-1905

1903, November -- Frank receives orders to proceed to Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico.

1903, December 9 -- Visit to Zuni, followed by Canyon de Chelly, Hubbell's Ranch, Keams Canyon.

1903, December 21 -- Visit to Hopi Pueblo. Walpi, Polacca Day School, Oraibi, Shumopavi (Shungopavi/Songoopavi), Shipaulovi (Supawlavi) and Mishongnovi (Musungnuvi).

1903, December 28 -- Visit to Fort Defiance.

1904, January -- Travel in New Mexico. Visit to Gallup, Laguna Pueblo, Acomita, Paraje, Acoma, Albuquerque, Isleta Pueblo, Santa Fe, Ohkay Owingeh (San Juan Pueblo), K'apovi (Santa Clara Pueblo).

1904, February -- Visit to Sacaton, Akimel O'odham (Pima) Reservation and Casa Grande ruins in Arizona.

1904, March -- Visit to Lehi Day School, Salt River Day School, Phoenix Indian School, Gila River Crossing Day School and Maricopa Day School, Arizona.

1904, March 10-26 -- Visit to Fort Mojave and Chemehuevi.

1904, March 30-April -- Visit to Riverside, California, Sherman Institute and Perris School. Side trip to Yuma, Arizona.

1905, January-February -- Visit to Sulphur, IT.

1905, March -- Visit to Mescalero Apache Agency, San Carlos Apache Agency, Geronimo Settlement, Rice Station School at Talkalai.

1905, April 10-20 -- Return to Sherman Institute in Riverside, California. Visit to San Jacinto, Perris, Saboba, Cahuilla, San Manuella (Band of Mission Indians), Coachella, Torres Reservation, Martinez Reservation Day School, Cabazon Reservation, Protrero Reservation and Day School.

1905, April 22-May -- Visit to Temecula, Pechanga Day School, Pala Mission, Campo Reservation, Mission of San Luis Rey, Rincon Day School, Mesa Grande School, Santa Ysabel (Diegueno), Volcan Mountain Day School.

Travels in Alaska, 1905

1905, June -- Frank receives an assignment in Alaska.

1905, July -- Board the U.S. Revenue Cutter "Bear" in Nome. Visit to Reindeer Station in Teller, Cape Prince of Wales, Kotzebue Sound, Cape Thompson, Point Hope and Point Barrow.

1905, August -- Visit to Wainwright Inlet, return to Nome. Visit to Anvil Creek, Gologin (Golovin) Bay, St. Lawrence Island, Pribilof Islands (Seal Islands), St. George, Dutch Harbor and Unalaska.

1905, September -- Board the "Dora" anchored near Belkofski, Cold Bay, Karluk, Afgonak, and Kodiak. Stop in Homer, Seldovia and Seward. Visit to Sitka.

1905, September 28 -- Board the steamer "Georgia" to Juneau and Skagway via Hoonah.

1905, October -- Return to Lebanon, NH.

Travels in Arizona, New Mexico, Minnesota, Wisconsin, California and Utah, 1906-1907

1906, March-April -- Re-assigned to Southwest and arrive in Tucson, Arizona. Visit to San Xavier Mission, Tohono O'odham (Papago) reservation, Casa Grande, Sacaton, Maricopa, Gila Crossing, Salt River and Phoenix schools.

1906, May -- Return to New Mexico to visit Gallup and Zuni Day School.

1906, June -- Visit to St, Paul, Minnesota and the White Earth (Ojibwe) reservation and Wild Rice River School in Boliere.

1906, July -- Visit to Ashland, Wisconsin, Lac Courte Oreilles, Hayward, and Lac de Flambeau (La Pointe Agency.

1906, July-September -- Return to Lebanon, New Hampshire.

1906, September -- Visit to Fond du Lac (Winnebago Lake), Wabeno, and Carter, Wisconsin.

1906, October -- Visit to Phlox, Wausau, Minocqua, Star Lake, Bark River and Wausaukee, Wisconsin.

1906, November-December -- Visit to Keshena (Green Bay Indian School), Menominee Reservation and Ashland, Wisconsin.

1906, December-January -- Stay in Washington, DC.

1907, February -- Return to Albuquerque, New Mexico.

1907, March -- Visit to Santa Fe and various Pueblos (Cochiti, Tesuque, San Ildefonso, Ohkay Owingeh [San Juan], Toas and Picuris).

1907, April -- Return to Albuquerque, visit to Pueblos (Isleta, Laguna, Mesita, Acomita, Paraje, Acoma, Seama).

1907, April -- Visit to Phoenix, Arizona (Phoenix Indian School), Fort McDowell and Salt River Day School.

1907, May -- Visit to Sacaton, Maricopa, Casa Grande, and Yuma, Arizona.

1907, June -- Visit to Riverside (Sherman Institute), and Pomona, California.

1907, June-July -- Travel to Salt Lake City, Utah. Visit Panguitch, Orton, Kanab, Escalante and Marysvale, Utah.

1907, July-August -- Return to Arizona. Visit Flagstaff, Tuba Indian School, as well as Hopi Pueblo (Walpi, Moencopi, and Oraibi).

1907, September-October -- Return to Lebanon, NH.

Travels in North Carolina, Montana and Florida, 1907-1909

1907, October 22 -- Assigned to Cherokee, North Carolina, to make a new roll of the Eastern Band of Cherokee.

1907, November -- Arrive in Cherokee, North Caolina.

1908, February -- Visit to Robbinsville and Big Cove

1908, April -- Cherokee council meeting regarding Churchill's new roll.

1908, May -- Completes assignment in North Carolina.

1908, June-September -- Return to Washington, DC and Lebanon, New Hampshire.

1908, September-October -- Trip to Montana. Visit to Browning, Blackfeet Reservation, Harlem, Fort Belknap and Fort Peck.

1908, November -- Visit to Spirit Lake (Devil's Lake) and Wahpeton, and Fort Totten, North Dakota.

1908, December -- Visit to Morris, Minnesota.

1909, January -- Trip to Washington, DC for the inauguration of President Taft.

1909, February -- Visit to Carlisle, Pennsylvania.

1909, March-April -- Trip to Florida. Visit to Miami, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Tampa Bay, St. Petersburg, Gainesville, and St. Augustine.

1909, May -- Visit to Soco Creek and Cherokee, North Carolina.

1909, July -- Return to Lebanon, New Hampshire.

1909, August -- Resignation as Indian Inspector.

Related Materials:

A large collection of Native American cultural objects and archaeology bequeathed by Clara Churchill can still be found at the Hood Museum at Dartmouth College.

Provenance:

Frederick Dockstader, former director of the Museum of the American Indian (MAI), Heye Foundation, illegally removed the majority of the photographs (photo albums, negatives) and manuscript material (journals, reports) from the Hood Museum of Art at Dartmouth College in 1955, before depositing them at the MAI. Those materials were officially gifted to NMAI in 2018 by the Hood Museum. Additional materials from the Churchill collection that remained at the Hood Museum (lantern slides, photographs, scrapbooks, journals) were donated in 2020. These materials have been noted in the finding aid.

Restrictions:

Access to NMAI Archives Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).

Rights:

Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.

Topic:

Boarding schools  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Photographic prints

Photograph albums

Negatives (photographic)

Citation:

Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection, NMAI.AC.058, National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NMAI.AC.058

See more items in:

Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection

Archival Repository:

National Museum of the American Indian

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sv45e31a2d8-afd7-4320-96c7-1f596f51c142

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-058

Collection Creator:

Smithsonian Institution. Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage  Search this

Type:

Archival materials

Introduction:

San Juan Pueblo, located on a high semiarid plateau, is the largest and northernmost of six Tewa-speaking villages in the upper Rio Grande Valley just north of Santa Fe, New Mexico. The population during the early 1920s was about 500, but in 1978 boasted well over 1700. Ceremonies, whether from the native ceremonial calendar or from the adopted Spanish-Catholic system, involve the entire population and therefore offered a natural focus for the Festival's consideration of "community". Unlike other Pueblo villages where rituals and dances are presented by smaller community groups, the preparation and performance of ceremonies in San Juan are sponsored by the whole community. Thus, both Summer and Winter people - the two great moieties that organize Pueblo life - participate in all ceremonial dances.

From the native ceremonial calendar, certain dances involve a unique communal activity. Some songs performed during the winter season require new music as well as new song texts each year. Weeks before their performance, the community's corps of composers will gather together to create new songs for the Turtle Dance, Basket and/or Cloud Dance. These men as a group contribute to each other's songs to insure that the proper words and melodies are appropriate for the ceremony. Communal composing in San Juan is age-old, and may be a custom unique to the Pueblo culture of the Southwest.

From the Spanish-Catholic calendar comes one of the most important occasions celebrated by San Juan, occurring on June 24 in honor of St. John, the pueblo's namesake. At no other time is the village hummmg with so much activity. Homes are swept, painted, or replastered weeks ahead of time. A few days before the Feast Day, women may be seen baking ovenloads of bread in their bee-hive shaped adobe ovens. The men have already gathered and chopped cords of cotton and juniper wood to fire the ovens as well as the still much-used wood stoves. As families begin to prepare their extensive menus, some members may be at the kiva, or religious sanctuary, attending dance rehearsals for performances during this important celebration. On June 24 families welcome their relatives and neighbors and also open their homes to the many visitors and friends who have come for the Feast of St. John.

Some of these special festival foods and dances were presented at the 1978 Festival by participants from the San Juan Pueblo, and audiences were able to enjoy firsthand some of the traditional customs that play such an important part in the life of this community.

Participants:

Bernice Abeyta, 1964-, dancer, cook, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Johnnie Aguino, 1912-1986, singer, dancer, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Juan B. Aguino, 1936-1993, painter, carver, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Martina Aguino, 1915-1997, cook, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Patrick Aguino, 1954-, singer, dancer, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Petrolina Aguino, 1921-, dancer, cook, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Nettie T. Cata, dancer, cook, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Felicita Cruz, 1915-2002, dancer, cook, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Vincent Cruz, singer, dancer, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

John Mark Cruz, 1966-, singer, dancer, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Juanita Garcia, 1922-2002, cook, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Margaret Garcia, 1943-, cook, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Reycita Garcia, 1931-, cook, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Peter Garcia, 1927-2001, singer, dancer, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Tomasita Garcia, 1927-, cook, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Wilfred Garcia, 1942-, singer, dancer, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Ernestina Gibson, 1947-, embroiderer, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Reycita Keevama, 1923-1991, dancer, cook, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Julia A. Martinez, 1929-2002, dancer, cook, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Artie Ortiz, 1952-, singer, dancer, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Max P. Ortiz, 1938-, singer, dancer, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Peter Povijua, 1945-, singer, basket maker, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Arnold Tapia, 1959-, singer, dancer, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Gregorita Trujillo, 1901-1980, pottery maker, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Steven Trujillo, 1899-1986, singer, basket maker, San Juan Pueblo, New Mexico

Collection Restrictions:

Access to the Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections is by appointment only. Visit our website for more information on scheduling a visit or making a digitization request. Researchers interested in accessing born-digital records or audiovisual recordings in this collection must use access copies.

Collection Rights:

Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from the Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections. Please visit our website to learn more about submitting a request. The Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections make no guarantees concerning copyright or other intellectual property restrictions. Other usage conditions may apply; please see the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for more information.

Collection Citation:

Smithsonian Folklife Festival records: 1978 Festival of American Folklife, Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

CFCH.SFF.1978, Series 10

See more items in:

Smithsonian Folklife Festival records: 1978 Festival of American Folklife

Archival Repository:

Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/bk5ed96c242-4829-46f7-bfe0-dad4271849d2

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-cfch-sff-1978-ref67

Creator:

DeMonte, Claudia, 1947-  Search this

McGowin, Ed, 1938-  Search this

Extent:

7.2 Linear feet

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Video recordings

Date:

1960-2018

Summary:

The papers of Claudia DeMonte and Ed McGowin measure 7.2 linear feet and date between 1960 and 2018. The papers primarily document Claudia DeMonte's career as a painter, and to a lesser extent her husband's career, through correspondence with family, friends, colleagues, and art institutions; notebooks, poetry, and other writings; scrapbooks; curriculum vitas, awards and certificates, commissions, and other professional activity; exhibition announcements and catalogs, newspaper clippings, magazine articles, and other printed material; sketchbooks and other artwork; personal photographs, portraits, of artwork, and other photographic material.

Scope and Contents:

The papers of Claudia DeMonte and Ed McGowin measure 7.2 linear feet and date between 1960 and 2018. The papers primarily document Claudia DeMonte's career as a painter, and to a lesser extent her husband's career, through correspondence with family, friends, colleagues, and art institutions; notebooks, poetry, and other writings; scrapbooks; curriculum vitas, awards and certificates, commissions, and other professional activity; exhibition announcements and catalogs, newspaper clippings, magazine articles, and other printed material; sketchbooks and other artwork; personal photographs, portraits, of artwork, and other photographic material.

Correspondence includes letters and postcards to and from family, friends, colleagues, and art institutions.

Writings includes a file of poetry written by DeMonte, manuscripts of books written by DeMonte, and a series of notebooks. Some of the notebooks are a combination of notes and sketches.

Scrapbooks consist of eight scrapbooks consisting of mixed material such as notes, photographs, sketches, and printed material.

Professional material consists of awards and certificates, a large number of calendars, commision work including an art project for the University of Northern Iowa completed by both DeMonte and McGowin, and a number of VHS and Betamax cassettes documenting DeMonte's career and interviews in connection with her Women of the World exhibition.

Printed material consists of newspaper clippings, magazine articles, exhibition announcements and catalogs, exhibition posters, and newsletters.

Artwork consists of a file of drawings and some sketchbooks.

Photographic material consists of photographs and slides of DeMonte, her artwork, and some of her exhibitions. There is also a file of photographs of DeMonte and McGowin at the White House with First Lady Laura Bush, and there are personal photographs of DeMonte and McGowin traveling and with family and friends.

Arrangement:

The collection is arranged into seven series.

Series 1: Correspondence, 1967-2013 (1.7 linear feet; Boxes 1-2)

Series 2: Writings, 1975-2013 (0.5 linear feet; Boxes 2-3)

Series 3: Scrapbooks, 1967-2009 (1.0 linear feet; Box 3, 9-10)

Series 4: Professional Activity Files, 1964-2013 (1.7 linear feet; Boxes 3-5, 9)

Series 5: Printed Material, 1960-2018 (1.9 linear feet; Boxes 5-7)

Series 6: Artwork, circa 1973 (0.1 linear feet; Box 7)

Series 7: Photographic Material, circa 1977-2010 (0.3 linear feet; Boxes 7-8)

Biographical / Historical:

Claudia DeMonte (1947- ) was born and raised in Astoria, New York City. She has more than 100 one-person shows and 600 group exhibitions nationally and internationally, including exhibitions at the Corcoran Museum, Modern Art Museum of Fort Worth, Mississippi Museum, Tucson Museum, Flint Institute of Art, Museum of the Southwest, etc.

Her work is in numerous museum permanent collections, including the Brooklyn Museum of Art, Stamford Museum, Boca Raton Museum, and in major corporate collections such as those of Hyatt Regency Hotels, Exxon, Citibank and Siemens. Her public commissions have come from the New York City Department of Cultural Affairs, Brooklyn Library System, Queens Supreme Court, Prudential Life Insurance, the State of New Mexico, and New York City School Construction Authority.

DeMonte is also the curator of "Women of the World: A Global Collection of Art." This traveling exhibition, with accompanying books, includes works of women from 177 countries dealing with the images of women.

DeMonte's work is heavily influenced by her travels to over 80 countries, her interest in the roles of women in contemporary society and Outsider Art, a collection compiled with her husband, artist Ed McGowin.

For 33 years, DeMonte has served on the faculty of the University of Maryland, where she was named Distinguished Scholar Teacher and Professor Emerita. In 2006, She was awarded an Honorary Doctorate from the College of Santa Fe.

DeMonte presently lives with her husband in New York City and Kent, Connecticut.

Ed McGowin (1938- ) was born in 1938 in Hattiesburg, Mississippi and grew up in Mississippi and Alabama, receiving the M.A. from the University of Alabama. He has had one-person exhibitions at the Corcoran Gallery in Washington, D.C.; the Baltimore Museum; and the Museum of Modern Art of the City of Paris, France. Since 1979, McGowin has executed major outdoor commissions for numerous public and private organizations, often collaborating with his wife, Claudia DeMonte.

Related Materials:

Also found in the Archives of American Art is an oral history interview with Claudia DeMonte conducted by Liza Kirwin between February 13 and April 24, 1991; and the Ed McGowin papers, 1962-1998.

Provenance:

The Claudia DeMonte and Ed McGowin papers were donated in 1994 by Claudia DeMonte and in 2020 by Claudia DeMonte and Ed McGowin.

Restrictions:

This collection is open for research. Access to original papers requires an appointment and is limited to the Archives' Washington, D.C. Research Center. Researchers interested in accessing born-digital records or audiovisual recordings in this collection must use access copies. Contact References Services for more information.

Rights:

The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.

Occupation:

Sculptors -- New York (State) -- New York  Search this

Mixed-media artists -- New York (State) -- New York  Search this

Educators -- Maryland -- College Park  Search this

Painters -- New York (State) -- New York  Search this

Collagists -- New York (State) -- New York  Search this

Topic:

Women artists  Search this

Women sculptors  Search this

Women educators  Search this

Genre/Form:

Video recordings

Citation:

Claudia DeMonte and Ed McGowin papers, 1960-2018. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.

Sponsor:

The processing of this collection received Federal support from the Smithsonian Collections Care and Preservation Fund, administered by the National Collections Program and the Smithsonian Collections Advisory Committee.

Identifier:

AAA.democlau

See more items in:

Claudia DeMonte and Ed McGowin papers

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Art

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/mw98cf90804-0751-4bb3-b276-8f730e83692b

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-aaa-democlau

Creator:

Wells, Cady, 1904-1954  Search this

Names:

Adams, Ansel, 1902-1984  Search this

O'Keeffe, Georgia, 1887-1986  Search this

Extent:

4.3 Linear feet

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Sketchbooks

Diaries

Scrapbooks

Date:

1913-1968

Summary:

The papers of painter Cady Wells measure 4.3 linear feet and date from 1913 to 1968. The collection provides a range of documentation of Wells' life and career, namely as a landscape artist in New Mexico and as a servicemember of the United States Army during World War II. Among these materials are twenty-two personal journals; correspondence with friends, family, and art organizations; preliminary sketches and watercolors; fourteen sketchbooks; photographs; printed material; biographical material; and documents related to his professional affiliations.

Scope and Contents:

The papers of painter Cady Wells measure 4.3 linear feet and date from 1913 to 1968. The collection provides a range of documentation of Wells' life and career, namely as a landscape artist in New Mexico and as a servicemember of the United States Army during World War II. Among these materials are twenty-two personal journals; correspondence with friends, family, and art organizations; preliminary sketches and watercolors; fourteen sketchbooks; photographs; printed material; biographical material; and documents related to his professional affiliations.

Biographical material consists largely of documents and awards pertaining to Wells' military service in the 1940s. A large collection of correspondence provides a broader perspective of Wells' personal and professional affiliations, including a number of letters from his friend and painter Georgia O'Keeffe. Writings feature twenty-two nearly uninterrupted personal journals from the age of thirteen to his death at age 49, providing candid insight to Wells' upbringing, family and friends, creative pursuits, and life during wartime. A variety of printed material includes exhibition announcements and brochures, art periodicals, and news clippings from his lifetime. A small amount of documents outline his professional affiliations, highlighting his support of both established and emerging art organizations of the 1930s-1950s. Fourteen sketchbooks and a variety of loose preliminary drawings and watercolors trace Wells' development as an artist during his time in New Mexico. Photographs feature images of Wells throughout his life, along with his personal photos of family and friends, including one photo each of Ansel Adams and Georgia O'Keeffe. A scrapbook provides additional printed material pertaining to Wells' exhibitions and the greater Sante Fe arts community.

Arrangement:

This collection is arranged as eight series.

Series 1: Biographical Material, 1940-1945 (4 folders; Box 1)

Series 2: Correspondence, 1913-1968 (14 folders; Box 1)

Series 3: Writings, 1918-1954 (24 folders; Boxes 2-3)

Series 4: Printed Material, circa 1910s-1950s (8 folders; Boxes 3-4)

Series 5: Professional Affiliations, circa 1930s-1950s (1 folder; Box 4)

Series 6: Artworks, circa 1930s-1950s (10 folders; Box 4)

Series 7: Photographs, circa 1920s-1950s (9 folders; Box 4)

Series 8: Scrapbook, circa 1920s=1950s (4 folders; Box 5)

Biographical / Historical:

Cady Wells (1904-1954) was a painter and a patron of the arts, most associated with the Santa Fe, New Mexico, landscape artists of the 1930s and 1940s. Born in Southbridge, Massachusetts, Wells was raised in an affluent family, and pursued music as a concert pianist before discovering his passion for painting. Upon moving to New Mexico in 1932, Wells quickly gained rapport with regional modernist painters Andrew Dasburg and Georgia O'Keeffe. His artistic career was interrupted in the first half of the 1940s while he served in the United States Army during World War II. Returning to New Mexico in the mid-1940s, his innovative command of pattern and color earned him a reputation as a significant landscape painter of the American Southwest. Along with his original contributions, Wells was an avid supporter of his local arts community, assisting in the development of the Spanish Colonial Arts Society and the Museum of New Mexico.

Provenance:

The papers were donated in 1975 by Mason B. Wells, brother of Cady Wells.

Restrictions:

This collection is open for research. Access to original papers requires an appointment and is limited to the Archives' Washington, D.C. Research Center.

Rights:

The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.

Topic:

Painters -- New Mexico -- Santa Fe  Search this

Genre/Form:

Sketchbooks

Diaries

Scrapbooks

Citation:

Cady Wells papers, 1913-1968. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

AAA.wellcady

See more items in:

Cady Wells papers

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Art

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/mw9d2d4f529-2767-46ed-a59b-4e33c145a1ff

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-aaa-wellcady

Creator:

Rush, Olive, 1873-1966  Search this

Subject:

United States. Department of the Treasury. Section of Fine Arts  Search this

Type:

Sketches

Diaries

Photographs

Citation:

Olive Rush papers, 1879-1967. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.

Topic:

Painters -- New Mexico -- Santa Fe  Search this

American Indians in art  Search this

Art and state  Search this

Mural painting and decoration -- 20th century -- New Mexico -- Santa Fe  Search this

Muralists -- New Mexico -- Santa Fe  Search this

Illustrators -- New Mexico -- Santa Fe  Search this

Women artists  Search this

Women painters  Search this

Theme:

Diaries  Search this

Sketches & Sketchbooks  Search this

Lives of artists  Search this

Record number:

(DSI-AAA_CollID)9223

(DSI-AAA_SIRISBib)211418

AAA_collcode_rusholiv

Theme:

Diaries

Sketches & Sketchbooks

Lives of artists

Data Source:

Archives of American Art

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:AAADCD_coll_211418

Depicts:

Georgia O'Keeffe, American, 1887 - 1986  Search this

Medium:

paper; ink (multicolored); adhesive / photogravure

Type:

Postage Stamps

Place:

United States of America

Date:

May 23, 1996

Topic:

Plants  Search this

Art & Photography  Search this

Contemporary (1990-present)  Search this

Women's Heritage  Search this

U.S. Stamps  Search this

Credit line:

Copyright United States Postal Service. All rights reserved.

Object number:

1999.2004.1109

See more items in:

National Postal Museum Collection

Data Source:

National Postal Museum

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/hm8eab5c97f-d780-4d8a-abde-ce6c7fafe28c

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:npm_1999.2004.1109

Medium:

paper; ink / lithographed

Type:

Postage Stamps

Place:

United States of America

Date:

August 15, 2008

Topic:

Plants  Search this

U.S. Stamps  Search this

Credit line:

Copyright United States Postal Service. All rights reserved.

Object number:

2009.2001.142

See more items in:

National Postal Museum Collection

Data Source:

National Postal Museum

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/hm8d541b45d-970e-4d35-9372-e6788c8462f9

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:npm_2009.2001.142

Painter:

Leader, B. W. b. 1831  Search this

Medium:

Oil

Culture:

Roma  Search this

Type:

Paintings

Owner/Location:

New Mexico Museum of Art 107 West Palace Avenue Santa Fe New Mexico 87504

Topic:

Ethnic  Search this

Architecture--Other--Campsite  Search this

Control number:

IAP 33050084

Data Source:

Art Inventories Catalog, Smithsonian American Art Museums

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:siris_ari_279997

Artist:

Awa Tsireh, born San Ildefonso Pueblo, NM1898-died San Ildefonso Pueblo, NM ca. 1955  Search this

Medium:

watercolor and ink on paper

Dimensions:

sheet: 11 1/4 x 14 1/4 in. (28.5 x 36.2 cm)

Type:

Painting

Date:

ca. 1925-1930

Topic:

Animal\sheep  Search this

Animal\antelope  Search this

Landscape\phenomenon\rainbow  Search this

Landscape\weather\sun  Search this

Credit Line:

Smithsonian American Art Museum, Corbin-Henderson Collection, gift of Alice H. Rossin

Object number:

1979.144.50

Restrictions & Rights:

Usage conditions apply

See more items in:

Smithsonian American Art Museum Collection

Department:

Graphic Arts

Data Source:

Smithsonian American Art Museum

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/vk7343abdd2-f8fc-4750-b927-4d158fc8e760

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:saam_1979.144.50

Contributor:

Vicario, Gilbert  Search this

Author:

Doss, Erika 1956-  Search this

Zakian, Michael 1957-  Search this

Armstrong, Elizabeth 1952-  Search this

Aberth, Susan L.,  Search this

Zebro, Rachel Sadvary  Search this

Sponsoring body:

Phoenix Art Museum  Search this

Host institution:

New Mexico Museum of Art  Search this

Whitney Museum of American Art  Search this

Palm Springs Art Museum  Search this

Publisher:

Hirmer Verlag  Search this

Physical description:

219 pages, 55 plates : illustrations (chiefly color), portraits ; 31 cm

Type:

Exhibitions

Illustrated works

Essays

Criticism, interpretation, etc

Exhibition catalogs

Place:

California

Date:

2019

20th century

Topic:

Deserts in art  Search this

Painting, Abstract  Search this

Painting, American  Search this

Modernism (Art)  Search this

Women painters  Search this

Data Source:

Smithsonian Libraries

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:siris_sil_1109591

Interviewee:

Chicago, Judy, 1939-  Search this

Interviewer:

Richards, Judith Olch  Search this

Subject:

Saint-Phalle, Niki de  Search this

Woodman, Donald  Search this

Taylor, Mary  Search this

Hopkins, Henry  Search this

Marisol  Search this

Copeland, John  Search this

Lucie-Smith, Edward  Search this

Schneemann, Carolee  Search this

Bullard, E. John (Edgar John)  Search this

Lemon, Jack  Search this

Rosenberg, Harold  Search this

Neel, Alice  Search this

Youdelman, Nancy  Search this

McFadden, David Revere  Search this

Bergen, Jeffrey  Search this

Semmel, Joan  Search this

Thompson, Viki D.  Search this

Dobbins, Norman  Search this

Dobbins, Ruth  Search this

Flack, Audrey  Search this

LaMonte, Karen  Search this

Lu, Jie  Search this

Rodee, Susannah  Search this

Pruitt, Tom  Search this

LewAllen, Arlene  Search this

Perkins, Flo  Search this

ACA Galleries  Search this

LewAllen Contemporary (Gallery)  Search this

Type:

Sound recordings

Interviews

Citation:

Quotes and excerpts must be cited as follows: Oral history interview with Judy Chicago, 2009 August 7-8. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.

Topic:

Feminism and art  Search this

Art -- Technique  Search this

Women artists  Search this

Women performance artists  Search this

Women painters  Search this

Women sculptors  Search this

Women authors  Search this

Theme:

Women  Search this

Record number:

(DSI-AAA_CollID)15708

(DSI-AAA_SIRISBib)283567

AAA_collcode_chicag09

Theme:

Women

Data Source:

Archives of American Art

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:AAADCD_oh_283567

Interviewee:

Stevens, May, 1924-  Search this

Interviewer:

Richards, Judith Olch  Search this

Subject:

Baranik, Rudolf  Search this

Heresies Collective, Inc.  Search this

Type:

Sound recordings

Interviews

Citation:

Quotes and excerpts must be cited as follows: Oral history interview with May Stevens, 2009 August 10-11. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.

Topic:

Feminism and art  Search this

Women artists  Search this

Women painters  Search this

Theme:

Women  Search this

Record number:

(DSI-AAA_CollID)15709

(DSI-AAA_SIRISBib)283568

AAA_collcode_steven09

Theme:

Women

Data Source:

Archives of American Art

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:AAADCD_oh_283568

Creator:

Rush, Olive, 1873-1966  Search this

Names:

United States. Department of the Treasury. Section of Fine Arts  Search this

Extent:

6.3 Linear feet

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Sketches

Diaries

Photographs

Date:

1879-1967

Summary:

The papers of Olive Rush measure 6.3 linear feet and date from 1879 to 1967. They contain correspondence, artwork, photographs, writings, and other personal papers documenting Rush's education and career as an illustrator, portraitist, muralist, painter, teacher, and promoter of Native American art.

Scope and Contents note:

The records of Olive Rush measure 6.3 linear feet and date from 1879 to 1967. They contain correspondence, artwork, photographs, writings, and other records that document her education and career as an illustrator, portraitist, muralist, painter, and promoter of Native American art.

Biographical materials include several narratives written by Rush and others, as well as a few items related to Delaware artist Ethel Pennewill Brown Leach, Rush's close friend and colleague. Correspondence spans Rush's education and career, and documents her early career in illustration, purchases and exhibitions of her work, her efforts to secure exhibitions for Native American artists, and her dealings with administrators of Federal Art Projects of the 1930s.

Writings include diaries from Rush's early years, including an especially detailed diary from her Santa Fe Indian School mural project in 1932. Also found are lectures, talks, essays, notebooks with technical experiments and aesthetic ideas, and loose notes for her FAP project at the New Mexico College of Agricultural and Mechanical Arts.

Records of Rush's artwork include two record books, receipts for supplies and shipments, price lists, inventories, records of submissions, and a small number of similar records of artwork by Native American artists. Sketchbooks, loose sketches, and drawings by Rush span her entire career and include many studies and proposed designs for murals and frescoes.

Printed Materials consist of exhibition catalogs, clippings, and reproductions of artwork, especially illustration work from Rush's early career. Photographs include a class photograph from the Corcoran School of Art circa 1890 and many of Rush and her fellow artists in Wilmington, Delaware from around 1904 to 1910. Photographs of works of art document Rush's murals and frescoes in private homes, businesses, and public buildings.

Arrangement note:

The collection is arranged into seven series:

Missing Title

Series 1: Biographical Material, 1886-1966 (Box 1; 7 folders)

Series 2: Correspondence, 1889-1964 (Boxes 1-2, 8; 1.4 linear feet)

Series 3: Writings, 1886-1962 (Box 2; 0.6 linear feet)

Series 4: Records of Artwork, 1904-1956 (Box 3; 8 folders)

Series 5: Artwork, 1896-1957 (Boxes 3-4, 7, OV 8-12; 1 linear foot)

Series 6: Printed Materials, 1879-1967 (Boxes 4-5, 7, OV 13; 1.6 linear feet)

Series 7: Photographs, circa 1890-1966 (Box 6; 0.4 linear feet)

Biographical/Historical note:

Olive Rush was born in Fairmount, Indiana in 1875 to a Quaker farm family of six children, and attended nearby Earlham College, a Quaker school with a studio art program. Encouraged by her teacher, Rush enrolled in the Corcoran School of Art in Washington, D.C. in 1890, where she stayed for two years and achieved early recognition for her work. In 1893, Rush joined the Indiana delegation of artists to the World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago.

In 1894, she moved to New York City and continued her studies at the Art Students League with Henry Siddons Mowbray, John Twachtman, and Augustus St. Gaudens. She secured her first job as an illustrator with Harper and Brothers and quickly started doing additional illustration work for Good Housekeeping, Scribner's, The Delineator, Woman's Home Companion, Sunday Magazine and St. Nicholas Magazine. Rush also became a staff artist at the New York Tribune and illustrated several books.

In 1904, Rush sent an inquiry with samples of her work to master illustrator Howard Pyle, who had established what was then the only school of illustration in the country in Wilmington, Delaware. There he provided free instruction to a small number hand-picked artists culled from hundreds of applicants. Although Pyle did not admit women to his studio, he encouranged her to come and join the class for lectures and criticisms. Rush moved to Delaware later that year, joining a growing number of female illustrators there including Ethel Pennewill Brown (later Leach), Blanche Chloe Grant, Sarah Katherine Smith, and Harriet Roosevelt Richards, among others. Rush and her female colleagues lived together in a boarding house known as Tusculum, which became well-known as a gathering place for women artists.

Rush traveled to Europe in 1910, embarking on a period of intense study and travel which would mark a steady transition from illustration to painting. She studied at Newlyn in Cornwall, England and then in France with the American impressionist Richard E. Miller. She returned to Wilmington in 1911, where she moved into Pyle's studio with Ethel Pennewill Brown. Rush bounced to New York, Boston, and back to France, where she lived for a time with fellow artists Alice Schille, Ethel Pennewill Brown, and Orville Houghton Peets. Her reputation grew, and she began to exhibit regularly in major national and regional juried exhibitions including the Carnegie, Pennsylvania Academy, and Corcoran annual exhibitions, as well as the Hoosier Salon.

In 1914, Rush made her first trip to Arizona and New Mexico. Passing through Santa Fe on her return trip, Rush made contact with the artists community at the Museum of New Mexico, where she secured an impromptu solo exhibition after showing her new work, inspired by the landscape of the Southwest. She made Santa Fe her permanent home in 1920 in an adobe cottage on Canyon Road, which became a main thoroughfare of the Santa Fe artists' community.

Rush began to experiment with fresco painting, and developed her own techniques suitable to the local climate. She became a sought-after muralist and was asked to create frescoes for many private homes and businesses. In her painting, she often depicted the Native American dances and ceremonies she attended. She exhibited these paintings around the country, including with the Society of Independent Artists in New York, and in the Corcoran Annual Juried exhibition, where Mrs. Herbert Hoover and Duncan Phillips both purchased her work.

In 1932, Rush was hired to teach at the Santa Fe Indian School. Rush's enthusiastic work in the 1930s with the young pueblo artists is credited with helping to bring about a flourishing of Native American visual art in New Mexico. Rush continued to work with native artists throughout her life, and many of her associates went on to gain national reputations, including Harrison Begay, Awa-Tsireh, Pop Chalee, Pablita Valerde, and Ha-So-De (Narciso Abeyta).

From 1934 to 1939, Rush executed murals for the Public Works of Art Project (PWAP) and the Federal Art Project (FAP) of the Works Progress Administration (WPA). Rush's federal art projects included murals for the Santa Fe Public Library (1934), the Biology Building of the New Mexico Agricultural College (1935), the Pawhuska, Oklahoma Post Office (1938), and the Florence, Colorado Post Office (1939). Rush was also asked to join the Advisory Committee on Indian Art created by the PWAP in 1934, to help administer a segment of the program aimed at employing Native American artists.

In her later years, Rush's artwork became increasingly experimental, incorporating the ideas of Chinese painting, Native American art, and her contemporaries, the modernists, especially Wassily Kandinsky. She continued painting and exhibiting until 1964, when illness prohibited her from working. She died in 1966, leaving her home and studio to the Santa Fe Society of Friends.

Sources consulted for this biography include Olive Rush: A Hoosier Artist in New Mexico (1992) by Stanley L. Cuba, and Almost Forgotten: Delaware Women Artists and Arts Patrons 1900-1950 (2002) by Janice Haynes Gilmore.

Related Archival Materials note:

The Archives of American Art holds a brief oral history interview with Olive Rush concerning her involvement with Federal Art Projects.

Separated Materials note:

The Archives of American Art also holds material lent for microfilming (reel SW4) including scrapbooks, photographs, clippings, and exhibition catalogs. Most of this material was later donated, but some items remain with the lender and are not described in the collection container inventory.

Provenance:

Olive Rush donated the bulk of her papers to the Archives of American Art in 1963 and 1964. Additional exhibition catalogs and photographs were added to the collection upon her death in 1966. An anonymous donation of diaries, sketchbooks, and a photograph was received by the Archives in 1970. Also in 1970, the Olive Rush Memorial Studio lent papers for microfilming. Many, but not all, of the loaned materials were later donated.

Restrictions:

The bulk of the collection has been digitized and is available online via AAA's website. Use of material not digitized requires an appointment.

Rights:

The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.

Topic:

Painters -- New Mexico -- Santa Fe  Search this

American Indians in art  Search this

Art and state  Search this

Mural painting and decoration -- 20th century -- New Mexico -- Santa Fe  Search this

Muralists -- New Mexico -- Santa Fe  Search this

Illustrators -- New Mexico -- Santa Fe  Search this

Women artists  Search this

Women painters  Search this

Genre/Form:

Sketches

Diaries

Photographs

Citation:

Olive Rush papers, 1879-1967. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.

Sponsor:

Funding for the processing and digitization of this collection was provided by the Terra Foundation for American Art.

Identifier:

AAA.rusholiv

See more items in:

Olive Rush papers

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Art

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/mw9658989d9-2bae-49ac-8468-a447e744a90e

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-aaa-rusholiv

Interviewee:

Barr, Victoria, 1937-  Search this

Interviewer:

Cummings, Paul  Search this

Type:

Sound recordings

Interviews

Citation:

Quotes and excerpts must be cited as follows: Oral history interview with Victoria Barr, 1977 January 11-February 18. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.

Topic:

Art, American  Search this

Women artists  Search this

Women painters  Search this

Women designers  Search this

Theme:

Women  Search this

Record number:

(DSI-AAA_CollID)12929

(DSI-AAA_SIRISBib)212530

AAA_collcode_barr77

Theme:

Women

Data Source:

Archives of American Art

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:AAADCD_oh_212530

Creator:

Knee, Ernest, 1907-1982  Search this

Subject:

Sloan, John  Search this

Bakós, Józef  Search this

Bakos, Teresa  Search this

Shuster, Will  Search this

Sloan, Dolly  Search this

Bouche, Len  Search this

Citation:

Ernest Knee photographs of John and Dolly Sloan, 1939. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.

Topic:

Artists' homes  Search this

Artists in groups  Search this

Theme:

Lives of artists  Search this

Record number:

(DSI-AAA_CollID)15994

(DSI-AAA_SIRISBib)215318

AAA_collcode_kneeerne

Theme:

Lives of artists

Data Source:

Archives of American Art

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:AAADCD_coll_215318

Creator:

Ewing, Louie H. (1908-1983)  Search this

Extent:

1 Reel (ca. 800 items (on 1 microfilm reel))

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Reels

Date:

[ca. 1940]-1982

Scope and Contents:

The papers chiefly concern the career of Louie H. Ewing, and are composed of biographical and professional material, with many examples of commissioned works of art. Also includes material relating to the Santa Fe artistic community.

Included are: biographical data; an eight page transcript of an interview conducted by Sylvia Loomis, January 7, 1964; letters received concerning Ewing's exhibitions and works; price lists; printed material, 1942-1982, including exhibition catalogs, and announcements, clippings, and reproductions appearing in books, and printed material; editions of the publication WORKS AND WORDS OF SANTA FE ARTISTS, 1959, 1965, and 1974; illustrations, and reproductions created for the Mutual Building and Loan Association, 1972-1973; an inventory, and Ewing's "Masterpiece" series, 1943-1947, commissioned by the Library of Anthropology, Santa Fe, New Mexico; eight sketches; twelve studies for color plates created for the Navajo Museum; a drawing for a poster of the 45th Annual Inter-Tribal Indian Ceremonial, Gallup, New Mexico; ca. 42 prints and five watercolors; and 54 photographs of Ewing, his artist friends, and Ewing's works of art.

Biographical / Historical:

Illustrator, painter, printmaker; Santa Fe, New Mexico.

Provenance:

Lent for microfilming 1983 by Louie H. Ewing.

Restrictions:

The Archives of American art does not own the original papers. Use is limited to the microfilm copy.

Occupation:

Artists -- New Mexico -- Santa Fe  Search this

Illustrators -- New Mexico  Search this

Painters -- New Mexico  Search this

Printmakers -- New Mexico  Search this

Topic:

Navajo Indians -- New Mexico  Search this

Indians of North America -- New Mexico -- Pictorial works  Search this

Identifier:

AAA.ewinloui

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Art

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/mw9801a81be-6828-4b95-9388-45e0c50da5c9

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-aaa-ewinloui

Creator:

Berninghaus, Oscar E. (Oscar Edmund), 1874-1952  Search this

Type:

Scrapbooks

Citation:

Oscar E. Berninghaus papers, 1895-1961. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.

Theme:

Lives of artists  Search this

Record number:

(DSI-AAA_CollID)5932

(DSI-AAA_SIRISBib)208772

AAA_collcode_bernoscp

Theme:

Lives of artists

Data Source:

Archives of American Art

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:AAADCD_coll_208772

Creator:

Blumenschein, Ernest Leonard, 1874-1960  Search this

Subject:

Ufer, Walter  Search this

Gilbert, Cass  Search this

Tarkington, Booth  Search this

Glackens, William J.  Search this

Blumenschein, Helen G. (Helen Greene)  Search this

Blumenschein, Mary Greene  Search this

Kuhn, Walt  Search this

Meem, John Gaw  Search this

Sharp, Joseph Henry  Search this

Taos Society of Artists  Search this

National Academy of Design (U.S.)  Search this

Committee on Public Information  Search this

Salmagundi Club  Search this

Type:

Writings

Photographs

Citation:

Ernest Blumenschein papers, 1873-1964. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.

Topic:

Illustrators -- New Mexico -- Taos  Search this

Taos School of Art  Search this

Works of art  Search this

Painting -- New Mexico -- Taos  Search this

World War, 1914-1918  Search this

Theme:

Lives of artists  Search this

Record number:

(DSI-AAA_CollID)6744

(DSI-AAA_SIRISBib)208869

AAA_collcode_blumerne

Theme:

Lives of artists

Data Source:

Archives of American Art

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:AAADCD_coll_208869

Creator:

Boyd, E. (Elizabeth), 1903-1974  Search this

Subject:

Index of American Design  Search this

Federal Art Project  Search this

Citation:

E. Boyd memoirs, 1963 November 6. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.

Topic:

Latino and Latin American artists  Search this

Federal aid to the arts  Search this

Folk art  Search this

Women artists  Search this

Women arts administrators  Search this

Women painters  Search this

Women authors  Search this

Theme:

Latino and Latin American  Search this

Women  Search this

Research and writing about art  Search this

Record number:

(DSI-AAA_CollID)5440

(DSI-AAA_SIRISBib)208912

AAA_collcode_boydeliz

Theme:

Latino and Latin American

Women

Research and writing about art

Data Source:

Archives of American Art

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:AAADCD_coll_208912

Creator:

Ewing, Louie H., 1908-1983  Search this

Citation:

Louie H. Ewing papers, [ca. 1940]-1982. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.

Topic:

Navajo Indians -- New Mexico  Search this

Indians of North America -- New Mexico -- Pictorial works  Search this

Theme:

Lives of artists  Search this

Record number:

(DSI-AAA_CollID)7022

(DSI-AAA_SIRISBib)209155

AAA_collcode_ewinloui

Theme:

Lives of artists

Data Source:

Archives of American Art

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:AAADCD_coll_209155