The Gallagher papers consist of materials relating to his major field work in France, India, and the United States.
Scope and Contents:
The Gallagher papers consist mainly of materials relating to his major field work. In 1949-1950 and in 1951, he investigated social arrangements, especially kinship, in the rural village of Civaux in the Department of Vienne in central France. In 1953-1954, working for International Public Opinion Research, Inc., which was under contract with the U. S. Air Force Human Resources Research Institute, he returned to France and studied the relations between the people of Chateauroux, a small city in the Department of Indre, and the personnel of a nearby American air base. The great bulk of Gallagher's material relating to France resulted from the work at Civaux. Only a few writings, including his Ph.D. dissertation, reflect the work at Chateauroux.
In 1962-1963, Gallagher was at Ranchi University, in the state of Bihar (now Jharkhand), in central India, on a National Science Foundation Science Faculty Fellowship. From there, he carried out studies in the village of Makhmandro among Oroans (Kurukh), a Dravidian group. Again, his focus was on social relations. His main method consisted of interviews of laborers.
Early in Gallagher's career, in 1951, he worked for the Science Museum in St. Paul, Minnesota, attempting to establish criteria for identifying tribal origins and dates for American Indian beaded artwork. Few materials resulting from this study appear in the collection. Gallagher's interest in isolated communities of northern Saratoga County, New York is represented by a few items, most of them manuscripts of writings.
Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into four series: (1) Studies of French communities; (2) Study of an Indian community; (3) Study of American Indian beaded art; and (4) Studies in Saratoga County, New York.
Biographical note:
Orvoell Roger Gallagher was educated at the University of California at Berkeley, London School of Economics (M.A., 1951), and Columbia University (Ph.D., 1955). He taught at New York University from 1954-1959 and at Skidmore College in Saratoga Springs, New York, from 1959 until his death in 1975.
Restrictions:
The O. Roger Gallagher papers are open for research.
Access to the O. Roger Gallagher requires an appointment.
The Philleo Nash papers attest to Nash's interest in anthropology, not only research and teaching but also in its application to public service. His papers can be separated into four main areas: undergraduate and graduate education, research, teaching, and public service. Files contain class notes from Nash's undergraduate and graduate studies as well as papers by well-known professors lecturing at the University of Chicago including Ralph Linton, Robert Redfield, and R.A. Radcliffe-Brown. The bulk of his research was conducted in the Pacific Northwest where he studied the Klamath-Modoc culture on the reservation, focusing on revivalism and socio-political organization (1935-1937). Other research included archeology at two sites, a study of the Toronto Jewish community, and a continuing interest in minority issues. Nash taugh at the University of Toronto (1937- 1941) and at American University in Washington, D.C. (1971-1977). Teaching files contain lecture notes from his work at the University of Toronto. Public service files include correspondence from the period when he was Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin (1959-1961) as well as reports and photos from the years as Commissioner of Indian Affairs (1961-1966). Other public service and business positions are not represented in these files.
Scope and Contents:
The Philleo Nash Papers attest to Nash's interest in anthropology, not only research and teaching but also in its application to public service. His papers can be separated into four main areas: undergraduate and graduate education, research, teaching, and public service. Files contain class notes from Nash's undergraduate and graduate studies as well as papers by well-known professors lecturing at the University of Chicago including Ralph Linton, Robert Redfield, and R.A. Radcliffe-Brown. The bulk of his research was conducted in the Pacific Northwest where he studied the Klamath-Modoc culture on the reservation, focusing on revivalism and socio-political organization (1935-1937). Other research included archeology at two sites, a study of the Toronto Jewish community, and a continuing interest in minority issues. Nash taugh at the University of Toronto (1937-1941) and at American University in Washington, D.C. (1971-1977). Teaching files contain lecture notes from his work at the University of Toronto. Public service files include correspondence from the period when he was Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin (1959-1961) as well as reports and photos from the years as Commissioner of Indian Affairs (1961-1966). Other public service and business positions are not represented in these files.
Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Philleo Nash was born on October 25, 1909, in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin. He studied at the University of Wisconsin, taking a year off to study music at the Curtis Institute in Philadelphia. On his return to the University of Wisconsin, Nash completed his undergraduate degree in anthropology (1932) and went on to the University of Chicago for a Ph.D. in anthropology (1937). His doctoral dissertation explored the concepts of revivalism and social change with a focus on the Klamath Ghost Dance activities of the 1870s.
Nash held positions in teaching as well as in government and his family business. He was a lecturer in anthropology at the University of Toronto (1937-1941). He also lectured at the University of Wisconsin (1941-1942) and at American University in Washington, D.C. (1971-1977).
From 1942 to 1953, Nash served in various positions in the federal government, first in the Office of War Information and later as Assistant to President Truman, focusing on minority affairs and as liaison to the Department of the Interior. During this period in Washington, Nash also acted as President of the Georgetown Day School (1945-1952), where he was one of the founders of this racially integrated cooperative school. In 1953, Nash returned to Wisconsin where his interest in politics continued, and he became Lieutenant Governor of Wisconsin from 1959 to 1961. In 1961, he returned to Washington, DC as U.S. Commissioner of Indian Affairs, a position he held until 1966.
Following his work as Commissioner, Nash remained in Washington where he acted as a consultant in applied anthropology and held offices in various associations including hte Society for Applied Anthropology (SfAA), the American Anthropological Association (AAA), and the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). During all the years of professional responsibilities, Nash also held positions in the family business, Biron Cranberry Company. He returned to Wisconsin in 1977 to be President and Manager of the Company.
Throughout his life Nash was active in various associations for science and anthropology. He was awarded the AAA's Distinguished Service Award in 1984. In 1986, the SfAA presented him with the Bronislaw Malinowski Award in recognition of outstanding scholarship and long term commitment in applying the social sciences to contemporary issues.
Philleo Nash died in 1987. Some years before his death Nash sent his archaeological research material from the Pound Village Site (1938-1939) to Toronto and his research material from the DuBay Village Site (1940) to the Milwaukee Public Museum. According to the terms of his will, his government and political papers are housed at the Harry S. Truman Library in Independence, Missouri.
Reference: Landman, Ruth H. and Katherine S. Halpern (eds.). Applied Anthropologist and Public Servant: the Life and Work of Philleo Nash. NAPA Bulletin #7. Washington, DC: American Anthropological Association, 1989.
Related Materials:
According to the terms of his will, Nash's government and political papers are housed at the Harry S. Truman Library in Independence, Missouri.
Restrictions:
The Philleo Nash papers are open for research.
Access to the Philleo Nash papers requires an appointment.
Education includes class notes, reading notes, and term papers from both undergraduate and graduate studies. It also includes lectures by various well-known anthropologists including Ralph Linton, Robert Redfield, and A.R. Radcliffe-Brown. Class reading and lecture note topics range widely from Physical Anthropology to theoretical issues to kinship to linguistics. Geographically the range is enormously widespread, from Europe to Africa, Latin America and North America, India, and the Pacific including Australia, Polynesia, and Papua New Guinea. The North American material includes a number of tribes but focuses on southwestern groups, including language. The material on India focuses on the Oraon, their socio-political organization and religion. There is an extensive bibliography and field notes from work in the Ross Region of Wisconsin in the 1930s.
Collection Restrictions:
The Philleo Nash papers are open for research.
Access to the Philleo Nash papers requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Philleo Nash papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
