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Natives - Wetlands

Collection Photographer:
Druse, Kenneth  Search this
Extent:
88 Photographs
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
General:
Image numbering starts at 051.
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Native plant gardening  Search this
Native plant gardens  Search this
Wetlands  Search this
Wild flower gardening  Search this
Wild flowers  Search this
Lupines  Search this
Castilleja  Search this
Meadows  Search this
Aquatic plants  Search this
Fall foliage  Search this
Ponds  Search this
Boardwalks  Search this
Saururus  Search this
Bogs  Search this
Typha  Search this
Fens  Search this
Milkweeds  Search this
Physostegia  Search this
Goldenrods  Search this
Grasses  Search this
Yarrow  Search this
Fields  Search this
Tanacetum  Search this
Berries  Search this
Hollies  Search this
Rock gardens  Search this
Lobelia  Search this
Monarda  Search this
Outdoor furniture  Search this
Benches  Search this
Houses  Search this
Marshes  Search this
Lawns  Search this
Sweet William (flower)  Search this
Families  Search this
Bodies of water  Search this
Forget-me-nots  Search this
Verbena  Search this
Phragmites  Search this
Streams  Search this
Lysimachia  Search this
Helonias  Search this
Podophyllum  Search this
Irises (Plants)  Search this
Galium  Search this
Hibiscus  Search this
Chelone  Search this
Sanguisorba  Search this
Thalia  Search this
Rhododendrons  Search this
Symplocarpus  Search this
Fiddleheads  Search this
Scutellaria  Search this
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, Ken Druse garden photography collection
Identifier:
AAG.DRU, File DRU076
See more items in:
Ken Druse garden photography collection
Ken Druse garden photography collection / Series 2: Garden Images by Subject
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6fafec704-e696-4bfe-bd86-6228f1751727
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-dru-ref71

Air France Concorde Aircraft Dedication Certificate

Creator:
National Air and Space Museum  Search this
Air France  Search this
Extent:
0.28 Cubic feet (1 folder, Document, 15 x 12 inches (38 x 30 cm))
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Date:
April 16, 1989
Summary:
This decorative certificate was designed to commemorate the occasion on April 16, 1989, when Air France signed a letter of agreement with the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum (NASM) to donate Air France Concorde "Fox Alpha" (r/n F-BVFA) to NASM at the end of the aircraft's operational service.
Scope and Contents:
This decorative certificate (15 x 12 inches, 38 x 30 cm) with hand-lettered calligraphy and gold foil embellishments was designed to commemorate the occasion when Air France signed a letter of agreement with the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum (NASM) to donate Air France Concorde "Fox Alpha" (r/n F-BVFA) to NASM at the end of the aircraft's operational service. Dated April 16, 1989, the certificate was signed at Dulles International Airport, Chantilly, Virginia, by Dr. Martin Harwitt, National Air and Space Museum Director, and an Air France representative. Note that this is not an official donation certificate but a decorative commemoration of a statement of intent to donate.
Arrangement:
None.
Biographical / Historical:
The first supersonic airliner to enter service, Concorde flew thousands of passengers across the Atlantic at twice the speed of sound for over 25 years. Designed and built by Aérospatiale of France and the British Aviation Corporation (BAC), the graceful Concorde was a stunning technological achievement that could not overcome serious economic problems. In 1976 Air France and British Airways jointly inaugurated Concorde service to destinations around the globe. Carrying up to 100 passengers in great comfort, Concorde catered to first class passengers for whom speed was critical. It could cross the Atlantic in fewer than four hours—half the time of a conventional jet airliner—but its high operating costs resulted in very high fares that limited the number of passengers who could afford to fly on it. These problems and a shrinking market eventually forced the reduction of service until all Concordes were retired in 2003.

In 1989, two 18th-century copies of the Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (Déclaration des droits de l'Homme et du citoyen de 1789) and the French Constitution of 1791 were loaned to the Smithsonian by the French National Archives to be exhibited in celebration of the French bicentennial. The documents arrived April 16, 1989, at Dulles International Airport (Chantilly, Virginia) aboard Air France Concorde "Fox Alpha" (r/n F-BVFA). On that day, Air France signed a letter of agreement stating their intention to donate Concorde F-BVFA to the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum upon the aircraft's retirement. A historically significant aircraft, Concorde F-BVFA had, in 1976, been the first Air France Concorde to open service to Rio de Janeiro, Washington, DC, and New York. On June 12, 2003, Air France honored that agreement, donating Concorde F-BVFA to the Museum upon the completion of its last flight.
Related Materials:
Air France Concorde "Fox Alpha" (r/n F-BVFA) can be found in the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum collection: Concorde, Fox Alpha, Air France, A20030139000.
Provenance:
Transferred from National Air and Space Museum Registrar, gift, 1989, NASM.1989.0106
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.
Topic:
Aeronautics  Search this
Airplanes  Search this
Supersonic planes  Search this
Supersonic transport planes  Search this
Citation:
Air France Concorde Aircraft Dedication Certificate, NASM.1989.0106, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NASM.1989.0106
Archival Repository:
National Air and Space Museum Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pg2b8a804a9-8a84-4e62-aa21-0da1d5714d33
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nasm-1989-0106

September 11 Exhibit Comment Cards

Creator:
Education and Public Programs, Department of (NMAH, SI)  Search this
National Museum of American History (U.S.)  Search this
Extent:
18 Cubic feet (54 boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Questionnaires
Date:
2001-2006, undated
Summary:
Visitors' comments collected on pre-printed cards documenting memories of the events of September 11, 2001, and their opinions on how their lives may have changed as a result of those events. Cards collected at each venue during the touring exhibit, "September 11: Bearing Witness to History".
Scope and Contents:
This collection contains comment cards from the exhibit, "September 11: Bearing Witness to History" that originated at the National Museum of American History (NMAH) Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C., and traveled to seven additional locations across the United States. The cards asked visitors to the exhibit one of two possible questions:

How did you witness history on September 11, 2001?

How has your life changed because of September 11, 2001?

The collection is divided into six series by location of exhibition and one additional series of additional information. Some of the comment cards were digitized previously and are available at 911digitialarchive.org.
Arrangement:
The collection is divided into six series by location of exhibition and one series of additional materials.

Series 1, National Museum of American History (Washington, DC) 2002-2003

Series 2, Fort Worth Museum of Science and History (Fort Worth, Texas) 2003-2004

Series 3, East Tennessee Historical Society (Knoxville, Tennessee) 2004

Series 4, Japanese American National Museum (Los Angeles, California) 2004 July 7-2004 August 15

Series 5, Union Station (Kansas City, Missouri) 2005, undated

Series 6, National Heritage Museum (Lexington, Massachusetts) 2005-2006, undated

Series 7, Additional Materials, 2001, undated
Biographical / Historical:
In the early spring of 2002, the National Museum of American History began production of an exhibition, "September 11: Bearing Witness to History", commemorating the one-year anniversary of the September 11 terrorist attacks. Due to the sensitive nature of the topic, delaying the exhibit's production in 2001, museum staff and partners had a 6 to 7-month period to plan and produce the exhibit. The process included not only design and research, but also reaching out to survivors and victim's families to collect personal effects and testimonies. While it proved to be a tremendous and emotionally difficult undertaking, the exhibit was completed on time and opened on September 11, 2002.

"September 11: Bearing Witness to History" attracted over a million visitors during its ten-month run at the National Museum of American History on the Mall in Washington, DC, closing on July 6, 2003. With a goal of serving as a space of personal reflection, the exhibition included personal stories, photographs, and artifacts from the World Trade Center towers, the Pentagon, and the Flight 93 crash site in Somerset County, Pennsylvania. The exhibition also had a companion exhibit online (now defunct).

Each of the six exhibit sections was designed to have a somber impact on visitors: a narrow entrance portal featuring reactions to the attacks, a photo gallery featuring professional and amateur photography of the events, the object gallery from the three sites, a video produced by ABC News for the museum, interactive stations where guests listened to individual witness stories, and a visitor ledger where guests could reflect on the exhibit.

After its closing in Washington D.C., the exhibition was hosted at seven locations nationwide, including the Fort Worth Museum of Science and History (Fort Worth, Texas) from September 11, 2003, to January 4, 2004; the East Tennessee Historical Society (Knoxville, Tennessee) from January 30 to May 23, 2004; the Japanese American National Museum (Los Angeles, California) from July 1 to August 15, 2004; the Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania) from September 11, 2004 to January 2, 2005; the Washington State Historical Society (Tacoma, Washington) from January 30 to April 24, 2005; Union Station, Kansas City (Kansas City, Missouri) from May to August 2005; and the National Heritage Museum (Lexington, Massachusetts) from September 11, 2005 to January 1, 2006.

The exhibition featured the distribution of 5 ½" x 9 ½" comment cards where visitors could write or draw their personal experiences of the September 11 attacks. Only basic demographic information (age, location, gender) was collected on these cards, and visitors had the choice of allowing their stories to be presented publicly. Two versions of the cards were used with slight differences in presented information, one that was distributed from the National Museum of American History, and the second being distributed from the host museums. Both versions informed participants that their responses would be part of the National Museum of American History, Archives Center's permanent archival collections.

The comment cards were made available in the exhibition hall in each venue for visitors to record their comments. Some cards were sent back to the museum via mail from abroad or other states. Other submitted cards indicated forethought on the part of their creator, with attached memorabilia such as photographs, drawings, flyers, poems, medals and pins, and patches.

Although the exhibition was featured at eight locations, cards from only six of the locations are represented in this collection. The two locations that are not featured are the Historical Society of Western Pennsylvania and the Washington State Historical Society. It is not known if these locations participated in the comment card project.

Numbering perhaps in the tens of thousands, the comment cards capture a vivid, collective memory across all demographics and serve as an important historic primary source reservoir of early attitudes from the American and global consciousness in the aftermath of the attacks.
Provenance:
Immediate source of acquisition unknown.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Exhibitions -- (creator) -- Washington (D.C.)  Search this
Museum visitors  Search this
September 11 Terrorist Attacks, 2001  Search this
Genre/Form:
Questionnaires
Citation:
September 11 Exhibit Comment Cards, 2001-2006, undated, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0848
See more items in:
September 11 Exhibit Comment Cards
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep87db31da3-031e-4832-8dac-391a61585931
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0848

Claude Williams Papers

Creator:
Williams, Claude, 1908-2004  Search this
Fouse-Williams, Blanche Y.  Search this
Extent:
1 Electronic discs (CD)
13 Cassette tapes
4.66 Cubic feet (14 boxes, 3 map- folders)
Container:
Map-folder 1
Map-folder 3
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Electronic discs (cd)
Cassette tapes
Letters (correspondence)
Photographs
Programs
Posters
Scrapbooks
Financial records
Awards
Business records
Audiotapes
Articles
Manuscripts
Date:
1920-2005
Summary:
Business and personal papers, photographs, and audio recordings of Claude "Fiddler" Williams, an award-winning jazz fiddler. Although Williams played music for almost a century the materials in this collection date largely from 1970 to 2005.
Scope and Contents:
This collection documents the later life and career of jazz violinist Claude "Fiddler" Williams. Materials include correspondence, photographs, unpublished writings, awards, business records, financial records, programs and a few music manuscripts. There is one scrapbook and several audio recordings. There are also an autographed poster from 1997 honoring five inductees to the Oklahoma Music Hall of Fame, including Claude Williams, Merle Haggard, Patti Page, Woody Guthrie and Eddie Burris. While there are some materials from Williams's youth, the vast majority of the collection dates from 1970. Williams's second wife, Blanche Y. Fouse-Williams, was vigilant about saving his papers. She also managed his career for the last few years of his life. This accounts for the increased volume of materials documenting his later years. Materials generally are arranged in chronological order within series and subseries.

Series 1, Business Records, 1973-2005, undated, is divided into seven subseries and includes business records, information relating to tours and performances, awards and certificates, business and personal correspondence, financial papers, articles and newspaper clippings, and biographical information.

Subseries 1, Events, 1977-2004, undated, includes contracts, copies of newspaper clippings, performance programs, brochures, ticket stubs, travel itineraries, travel receipts, correspondence, materials regarding his work as a fiddle teacher, advertisements for performances, a certificate of recognition, and napkins saved from a Washington Education Television Association (WETA) performance at the White House in 1998. Materials are arranged in chronological order.

Subseries 2, Itineraries, 1990-2001, includes lists and correspondence detailing locations, musicians, travel and lodging plans, and financial compensation for William's performances. Materials are arranged in chronological order.

Subseries 3, Awards and Certificates, 1978-2002, contains awards and certificates of appreciation from the Steamboat Delta Queen, Annual Black Musicians Conference, Kansas City Chapter of the International Association of Jazz Record Collectors, and the Manhattan School of Music, as well as an invitation to a reception honoring Kansas City Jazz musicians from the Consul General of Japan. Materials are arranged in chronological order.

Subseries 4, Correspondence, 1975-2004, consists of information relating to travel arrangements, tours, remuneration, music recordings, press kits, contracts, public television performances, involvement with the National Endowment for the Arts and the National Endowment for the Humanities, as well as Williams's Smithsonian Folkways recording. Materials are arranged in chronological order.

Subseries 5, Financial Papers, 1990-2005, includes information about travel and payment, hotel bills and receipts, invoices for performances, music recordings sales, royalty statements and copies of checks. Materials are arranged in chronological order.

Subseries 6, Press, 1973--005, undated, includes magazines, newspaper clippings and articles, about Williams's performances and music, appearances and jazz festivals, as well as the Kansas City Jazz scene. Magazine titles include Kansas City Magazine , Missouri Alumnus , The Masters Traditional Arts Apprenticeship Program , Jazz Ambassador Magazine , Kansas City Ambassador to Jazz , The Mississippi Rag , Fiddler Magazine , Jazz News , Jazz Times , Living Blues , Blues Access , and Kansas City . Materials are arranged by type and then in chronological order.

Subseries 7, Music, 1989-1995, undated, contains thirteen audio tape recordings, one CD, sheet music and set lists of music performed by Williams. There is an audio recording of Black and Blue: A Musical Revue , a Folk Master performance at Carnegie Hall. Williams's work with James Chirillo, an appearance on Birdflight , as well as recordings of live and studio performances are also included among these materials. There is a copy of Williams's CD Swingtime in New York and an interview from1992. Materials are arranged in chronological order.

Series 2, Personal Papers, 1978--005, undated, is divided into two subseries and contains letters, cards, postcards, invitations, copies of email, and requests for information and interviews. Most of the correspondence was addressed to Williams but there are materials that were sent to Blanche Williams. The correspondence is generally from fans, friends and family.

Subseries 1, Correspondence, 1978-2005, undated, consists of birthday cards from school age children, postcards, copies of newspaper clippings, White House and other government correspondence, congratulations or birthday wishes, as well as personal correspondence from friends inquiring about Williams's health and well-being. Also included is a draft for a chapter in a book on Claude Williams's contributions to jazz. Requests relating to research about Williams are also included. Materials are arranged in chronological order. Materials are arranged first by type followed by general correspondence in chronological order.

Subseries 2, Miscellaneous, undated, contains ephemera, autographs, affiliates list, well-wishes to Blanche Williams, a funeral program, mailing lists, lists of affiliated organizations, and a Count Bassie autograph.

Series 3, Photographs, 1977-2004, undated, includes personal and professional photographic prints and negatives of Williams. Subjects include performances and festivals, headshots and publicity, images of other musicians, family, friends, and posters with photographs created for his funeral. The majority of these photographs are of performances. Materials are arranged by subject.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into three series.

Series 1, Business Records, 1973-2005, undated

Subseries 1.1, Events, 1977-2004, undated

Subseries 1.2, Itineraries, 1990-2001

Subseries 1.3, Awards and Certificates, 1978-2002

Subseries 1.4, Correspondence, 1975-2004

Subseries 1.5, Financial Papers, 1990-2005

Subseries 1.6, Press, 1973-2005, undated

Subseries 1.7, Music; 1989-1995, undated

Series 2, Personal Papers, 1978-2005, undated

Subseries 2.1, Correspondence, 1978-2005, undated

Subseries 2.2, Miscellaneous, undated

Series 3, Photographs, 1977-2004, undated
Biographical / Historical:
Claude "Fiddler" Williams, 1908-2004, was born in Muskogee, Oklahoma, the son of a blacksmith. His musical gifts developed at a very early age, and he quickly became adept at the guitar, banjo, mandolin and cello, learning mostly by ear, without formal training. After hearing the jazz violinist Joe Venuti, the violin became his instrument of choice, and it remained so for the rest of his life. He migrated to Kansas City in 1927 and toured with several territory bands. Additionally Williams toured with the Twelve Clouds of Joy and the Cole Brothers, and in 1936, joined Count Basie's band as the first guitarist. After he was fired from Count Basie's band because John Hammond thought Williams's guitar solos were taking too much attention away from Basie, he went back to the violin (or "fiddle" as he preferred to call it) and focused exclusively on it for the rest of his life. Later he started his own band and toured with several jazz groups working for a short time with the Works Progress Administration (WPA). His band appeared at the Monterey Jazz Festival, the Nice Jazz Festival, and the Smithsonian Institution's Festival of American Folk Life. Williams received numerous honors and awards, including induction into the Oklahoma Jazz Hall of Fame, a proclamation from the city of Kansas City, and a 1998 National Heritage Fellowship which included a $10,000 award. President Bill Clinton invited him to perform at one of the parties celebrating his first inauguration. Williams continued to tour and perform until well into his nineties. He also gave instruction at Mark O'Connor's annual fiddle camp to young violinists. Mr. Williams died in April 2004.
Separated Materials:
Artifacts donated to the Museum's Division of Culture and the Arts (now Division of Cultural and Community Life) include a suit and violin. See accession numbers: 2005.3105 and 2007.3020.
Provenance:
This collection was donated by Claude Williams's widow, Blanche Y. Fouse-Williams, in 2005.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research use.

Physical Access: Researchers must handle unprotected photographs with gloves. Researchers must use reference copies of audio-visual materials. When no reference copy exists, the Archives Center staff will produce reference copies on an "as needed" basis, as resources allow.

Technical Access: Do not use original materials when available on reference audio tapes.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Music -- 20th century -- United States  Search this
Jazz -- 20th century -- United States  Search this
Jazz musicians -- United States  Search this
Violinists  Search this
Musicians -- United States  Search this
Genre/Form:
Letters (correspondence) -- 20th century.
Photographs -- 2000-2010
Programs
Posters -- 1950-2000
Scrapbooks
Financial records
Awards
Business records -- 20th century
Audiotapes
Articles
Photographs -- 20th century
Manuscripts -- Music -- 20th century
Citation:
Claude Williams Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0909
See more items in:
Claude Williams Papers
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep82736f8a2-824b-43e6-96c8-6449a163c087
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0909
Online Media:

Paquito D'Rivera Papers

Creator:
D'Rivera, Paquito, 1948-  Search this
Extent:
0.3 Cubic feet (1 box)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Photographs
Manuscripts
Date:
1988-2000
Summary:
Collection consists of three music manuscripts created by Cuban-born musician and composer Paquito D'Rivera and a photograph.
Scope and Contents:
The collection consists of three music manuscripts created by D'Rivera including A Song of Peace commissioned by the New York Festival of Songs for its annual concert series in 2000. Annie Colina wrote the lyrics for this song. There are also two other music manuscripts including I Remember Diz written by D'Rivera for Dizzy Gillespie shortly after his death. In addition, there is a photograph of D'Rivera's birthday celebration with Dizzy Gillespie in 1988. The materials are arranged in chronological order.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged in three folders.
Biographical / Historical:
Paquito D'Rivera, born in 1948, is a Cuban musician and composer of both jazz and classical music. He plays both the clarinet and the alto saxophone. In his teen years, D'Rivera became a founding member of the Orquesta Cubana de Musica Moderna, directing the group for two years. At the same time, he played both the clarinet and saxophone with the Cuban National Symphony Orchestra. D'Rivera was also a founding member and co-director of the musical group Irakere, a band that played a mixture of jazz, rock, classical and traditional Cuban music. In 1980, he sought asylum in Spain at the United States Embassy. He moved to New York and played with Dizzy Gillespie's last big band. D'Rivera has won several Grammy awards, including Best Latin Jazz Album in 2003 and 2008 and best classical album at the Latin Grammy awards in 2003 and 2005. In addition, D'Rivera was nominated for Grammy awards in 1979 and 1980. He received the National Medal for the Arts in 2005 and was named one of the 2005 National Endowment for the Arts Jazz Masters.

D'Rivera is also a composer of music. In 2007, he received a John Simon Guggenheim Fellowship in Music Composition. He also received the 2007-2008 appointment as Composer-in-Residence at the Caramoor Center for Music and the Arts. D'Rivera's compositions reflect his widespread musical interests combining Afro-Cuban rhythms and melodies with classical origins.
Related Materials:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Tito Puente Papers (AC0894)

Chico O'Farrill Papers (AC0892)

Mongo Santamaria Papers (AC0893)

Smithsonian Jazz Oral History Program Collection (AC0808)

Charismic Production Records of Dizzy Gillespie (AC0979)
Separated Materials:
The Museum's Division of Culture and the Arts (now Division of Cultural and Community Life) holds artifacts related to this collection including a Panama hat, white tuxedo, and D'Rivera's first clarinet. See accession number: 2005.3048.
Provenance:
Paquito D'Rivera donated the collection to the Archives Center in 2005.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research use.

Physical Access: Researchers must handle unprotected photographs with gloves.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Jazz musicians -- United States  Search this
Jazz  Search this
Music -- 20th century  Search this
Musicians -- United States  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs -- Black-and-white photoprints -- Silver gelatin -- 1980-2000
Manuscripts -- Music -- 20th century
Citation:
Paquito D'Rivera Music Manuscripts and Photograph, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0891
See more items in:
Paquito D'Rivera Papers
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8f5b82ece-a10d-4907-a9f7-d39b5ab1484c
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0891
Online Media:

Milt Gabler Papers

Creator:
Armstrong, Lucille  Search this
Bechet, Sidney, 1897-1959  Search this
Armstrong, Louis, 1901-1971  Search this
Condon, Eddie, 1905-1973  Search this
Calloway, Cab, 1907-1994  Search this
Commodore Records.  Search this
Feather, Leonard, 1914-1994  Search this
Gabler, Milt  Search this
Davis, Sammy, 1925-  Search this
Decca (recording company).  Search this
Granz, Norman  Search this
Hawkins, Coleman  Search this
Kaempfert, Bert, 1923-1980  Search this
Ives, Burl, 1909-  Search this
Holiday, Billie, 1915-1959  Search this
Norvo, Red, 1908-1999  Search this
Mills Brothers.  Search this
Krupa, Gene, 1909-1973  Search this
Kelly, Peck, 1898-  Search this
Williams, Cootie, 1911-1985  Search this
United Hot Clubs of America.  Search this
Stewart, Rex (William), Jr., 1907-1967 (cornetist)  Search this
Jordan, Louis, 1908-1975  Search this
Goodman, Benny (Benjamin David), 1909-1986  Search this
Names:
Crosby, Bing, 1904-1977  Search this
Goodman, Benny (Benjamin David), 1909-1986  Search this
Extent:
25 Cubic feet (75 boxes )
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Legal records
Magazines (periodicals)
Catalogs
Correspondence
Financial records
Music
Bank statements
Autobiographies
Articles
Tax records
Business records
Newsletters
Photographs
Recordings
Sheet music
Date:
1895-2001
Summary:
The collection documents Gabler's involvement in the recording industry and the evolution of Commodore Records. The documentation begins with the Commodore Radio Shop through its evolution to Commodore Music Shop. The collection also includes the beginnings of the Commodore record label and information detailing Gabler's 30 years as staff producer and later Vice-President in Charge of Artists and Repertoire at Decca Records (1941-1974). There is a small collection of black and white photographs chronicling the early years at the Commodore Music Shop, as well as jam sessions, often held at Jimmy Ryan's on 52nd Street. The collection also includes a vast array of audio recordings (mainly audiodiscs).
Scope and Contents:
Papers documenting Gabler's life and career, including: correspondence with family members, friends and people in the music business such as Sammy Davis, Jr. and Lucille Armstrong (Louis' wife); Gabler's writings, including an autobiography and numerous articles; music manuscripts and sheet music, the lyrics for some of which were written by Gabler, and other compositions written by others, including Red Norvo, Eddie Condon and others; legal and financial records, including royalty statements, tax papers and banking records; business records for Commodore and Decca, including correspondence from persons such as Norman Granz, Burl Ives, and Leonard Feather; Commodore and Decca legal records including licensing and trademark documents; publicity materials; production records, such as production logs and liner notes; printed materials such as catalogs, newsletters, magazines, and periodicals; papers relating to Gabler's affiliation with Bert Kaempfert, including correspondence, sheet music and lyrics, and production records; photographs of Gabler and his family and of numerous others in the music industry, including Bing Crosby, Billie Holiday, Sammy Davis Jr., Bert Kaempfert, the Mills Brothers, Rex Stewart, Cootie Williams, Benny Goodman, Coleman Hawkins, Gene Krupa, Louis Jordan, Peck Kelly, Sidney Bechet, Cab Calloway, Louis Armstrong, and numerous others, many taken in the studio during recording sessions; and audio recordings.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into twenty-seven series.

Series 1: Personal Correspondence

Series 2: Writings by Milt Gabler

Series 3: Music Manuscripts and Sheet Music

Series 4: Personal Financial and Legal Records

Series 5: Commodore and Decca Correspondence and Gabler Rolodex

Series 6: Commodore and Decca Legal Records

Series 7: Commodore and Decca Financial

Series 8: Publicity

Series 9: Commodore and Decca Projects

Series 10: Production Records

Series 11: Commodore General Correspondence

Series 12: Commodore Financial Records

Series 13: Commodore Legal Records

Series 14: Commodore Production Records

Series 15: Commodore, Various Projects and Topical Files

Series 16: Commodore Publicity Records

Series 17: Business Cards

Series 18: Catalogs

Series 19: Newsletters

Series 20: Serials

Series 21: Monographs

Series 22: Newsclippings, Periodical Articles, and Advertisements

Series 23: Correspondence with Organizations

Series 24: Organization Membership cards

Series 25: Bert Kaempfert

Series 26: Photographs

Series 27: Audio Discs
Biographical / Historical:
Milt Gabler was born in Harlem, New York on May 20, 1911. He began managing his father's radio and small appliance store, the Commodore Radio Shop, while still a teen. Gabler convinced his father to expand the business and sell audio recordings. Soon Gabler pioneered the concept of marketing reissues by leasing discontinued masters from various record companies (mainly Victor, Columbia, Vocalion, and Brunswick). Eventually the Gablers changed the name of the family business to the Commodore Music Shop. By the early 1930's Gabler founded the first mail order record label, United Hot Clubs of America, to reach an even greater audience of jazz enthusiasts. In 1935 Gabler began publicizing the music shop by staging a series of Sunday afternoon jam sessions at several different recording studios along 52nd Street. Later the jam sessions moved to the nearby jazz club, Jimmy Ryan's.

In 1938 Gabler founded the Commodore music label. It was the first American recording label created exclusively for jazz music. A recording session for Eddie Condon's Windy City Seven at Brunswick Studios was the first original Commodore recording. In 1939 Gabler recorded Billie Holiday's controversial "Strange Fruit", which became Commodore's first major commercial success. Other notable Commodore artists include Sidney Bechet, Jonah Jones, Peck Kelley, Red Norvo, Ralph Sutton, and Teddy Wilson. Gabler began as a staff producer at Decca Records in 1941 and worked with artists from many different musical genres: Ella Fitzgerald, Bing Crosby, Judy Garland, Brenda Lee, the Weavers, and Louis Jordan, among others. Gabler also began writing lyrics in collaboration with Decca songwriters/composers. In 1954 Gabler produced the first recordings by Bill Haley and the Comets. In addition, Gabler continued to run the Commodore recording label until 1957. Gabler also managed the Commodore Music Shop until 1958, when he began working full-time at Decca as Vice-President in Charge of Artists and Repertoire. Throughout the 1960's Gabler served as lyricist in a number of collaborations with Bert Kaempfert and Herbert Rehbein. Gabler retained his influential position at Decca until 1974 when the corporation moved to the West Coast. Through the Decca years, Gabler had saved the Commodore masters and in 1974 began to reissue the recordings through Atlantic, Columbia Special Products, and finally United Hot Clubs of America. In 1987 Mosaic Records also began to reissue the entire catalog of Commodore recordings.

In the last decades of his life Gabler remained active in a number of professional organizations, most notably the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences, which bestowed upon him a Grammy lifetime achievement award in 1991. Gabler died in New York on July 20, 2001.
Provenance:
Collection donated by Milt Gabler estate, through Lee Gabler.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research use. Some materials restricted; but most are available for unrestricted research access on site by appointment.

Several items of personal correspondence contained private medical information about living individuals. The originals were removed and will remain sealed until 2030. Copies with the sensitive information redacted are available for research use in the collection.

Access to audio recordings for which no reference copy exists requires special arrangements with Archives Center staff. Please ask the reference archivist for additional information.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Music publishers  Search this
Jazz musicians -- United States  Search this
Jazz -- 20th century -- United States  Search this
Composition (Music)  Search this
Music trade  Search this
Music -- 20th century -- United States  Search this
Musicians -- United States  Search this
Genre/Form:
Legal records
Magazines (periodicals) -- 20th century
Catalogs
Correspondence -- 20th century
Financial records
Music -- Manuscripts
Bank statements
Autobiographies
Articles
Tax records
Business records -- 20th century
Newsletters -- 20th century
Photographs -- 20th century
Recordings
Sheet music -- 20th century
Citation:
Milt Gabler Papers, 1927-2001, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0849
See more items in:
Milt Gabler Papers
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep844dc4ee2-1f0b-43c1-9566-5dc6b5b62ee2
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0849
Online Media:

John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School

Creator:
Choate, J. N. (John N.), 1848-1902  Search this
Names:
Dickinson College  Search this
United States Indian School (Carlisle, Pa.)  Search this
Extent:
1200 Negatives (photographic) (circa, glass)
16 Printing plates (copper)
Culture:
Indians of North America  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Negatives (photographic)
Printing plates
Photographs
Date:
circa 1879-1902
Scope and Contents note:
Photographs by John N. Choate mostly documenting the United States Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. The images include portraits of students, parents, staff and other visitors, as well as interior and exterior images of the school, buildings, and classrooms. Choate also had a thriving commercial practice outside of the Indian School, producing studio portraiture as well many photographs of buildings, farms and industry in and around the town of Carlisle, as well as images of Dickinson College. Some of the photographs in the collection were made by other photographers and perhaps collected by Choate. A few copper plates prepared for publications are also included in the collection.
Biographical/Historical note:
John N. Choate (1848-1902) was a commercial photographer in Carlisle, Pennsylvania. The United States opened its first non-reservation government-supported school there in 1879 under the supervision of Lt. Richard Henry Pratt. Choate photographed almost every student upon arrival and during their school career, as well as school activities, staff, and visiting chiefs and families. Choate remained the primary photographer for the Carlisle Indian School until his death in 1902.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 81-12
Reproduction Note:
Contact prints made by Smithsonian Institution, 1981.
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Additional Choate photographs held in National Anthropological Archives MS 4241, MS 4537, MS 4544, MS 4574, MS 4988, Photo Lot 73-8, and Photo Lot 90-1.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo lot 81-12, John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.PhotoLot.81-12
See more items in:
John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw32a2d810e-9d1c-4c90-ac99-cc05b0622505
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-photolot-81-12
Online Media:

Portrait of William B. Peery in school uniform

Creator:
Choate, John N., of Carlisle, Pennsylvania  Search this
Collection Creator:
Choate, J. N. (John N.), 1848-1902  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (gelatin glass negative, 007 in x 009 in)
Culture:
Peoria  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Date:
ca. 1882
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.06821600
Local Note:
Black and white gelatin glass negative
Place:
Pennsylvania -- Carlisle
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Collection Citation:
Photo lot 81-12, John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3e6f90262-728f-4c19-a6a0-e15fc656712e
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-81-12-ref731

Portrait of Three Young Men, Students

Creator:
Choate, John N., of Carlisle, Pennsylvania  Search this
Collection Creator:
Choate, J. N. (John N.), 1848-1902  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (gelatin glass negative, 005 in x 007 in)
Culture:
Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this
Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Date:
1879
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.06848500
Local Note:
Black and white gelatin glass negative
Place:
Pennsylvania -- Carlisle
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Collection Citation:
Photo lot 81-12, John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw36ad87ca0-38d2-4635-ac6f-a9f5524a04a5
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-81-12-ref1000

Portrait of Phillip White, Student

Creator:
Choate, John N., of Carlisle, Pennsylvania  Search this
Collection Creator:
Choate, J. N. (John N.), 1848-1902  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (gelatin glass negative, 005 in x 007 in)
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Date:
APR 1885
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.06848600
Local Note:
Black and white gelatin glass negative
Place:
Pennsylvania -- Carlisle
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Collection Citation:
Photo lot 81-12, John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw324f110ab-5f1d-43a4-9add-c435a61ceaa5
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-81-12-ref1001

Portrait of Eustice Pelone, Student

Creator:
Choate, John N., of Carlisle, Pennsylvania  Search this
Collection Creator:
Choate, J. N. (John N.), 1848-1902  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (gelatin glass negative, 005 in x 007 in)
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Date:
MAR 1885
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.06848700
Local Note:
Black and white gelatin glass negative
Place:
Pennsylvania -- Carlisle
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Collection Citation:
Photo lot 81-12, John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw373912382-ab75-47e2-9833-ce7b3292933a
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-81-12-ref1002

Portrait of Justin Stead and Donald, Students, in School Uniform

Creator:
Choate, John N., of Carlisle, Pennsylvania  Search this
Collection Creator:
Choate, J. N. (John N.), 1848-1902  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (gelatin glass negative, 005 in x 007 in)
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Date:
1879
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.06848800
Local Note:
Black and white gelatin glass negative
Place:
Pennsylvania -- Carlisle
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Collection Citation:
Photo lot 81-12, John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3b141ef15-94f1-4e43-a9a5-07acc9d5271a
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-81-12-ref1003

Portrait of Burdens Hisnah, Student

Creator:
Choate, John N., of Carlisle, Pennsylvania  Search this
Collection Creator:
Choate, J. N. (John N.), 1848-1902  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (gelatin glass negative, 005 in x 007 in)
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Date:
1879
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.06848900
Local Note:
Black and white gelatin glass negative
Place:
Pennsylvania -- Carlisle
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Collection Citation:
Photo lot 81-12, John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3e4d27820-c6b2-4c28-97bd-f4196974404e
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-81-12-ref1004

Portrait of Peter Snow and Fred Big Horse, Students

Creator:
Choate, John N., of Carlisle, Pennsylvania  Search this
Collection Creator:
Choate, J. N. (John N.), 1848-1902  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (gelatin glass negative, 005 in x 007 in)
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Date:
1879
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.06849000
Local Note:
Black and white gelatin glass negative
Place:
Pennsylvania -- Carlisle
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Collection Citation:
Photo lot 81-12, John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3f831f3c2-3449-4121-b542-8f10d8bbd7db
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-81-12-ref1005

Portrait of Sam Nobel and Jon ? Tyle, Students, in School Uniform

Creator:
Choate, John N., of Carlisle, Pennsylvania  Search this
Collection Creator:
Choate, J. N. (John N.), 1848-1902  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (gelatin glass negative, 005 in x 007 in)
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Date:
1879
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.06849100
Local Note:
Black and white gelatin glass negative
Place:
Pennsylvania -- Carlisle
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Collection Citation:
Photo lot 81-12, John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3ddd6d60a-1a52-41f5-a0d4-e0f9380215f6
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-81-12-ref1006

Portrait of Malpus Cloud and Another Student, Both in School Uniform

Creator:
Choate, John N., of Carlisle, Pennsylvania  Search this
Collection Creator:
Choate, J. N. (John N.), 1848-1902  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (gelatin glass negative, 005 in x 007 in)
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Date:
1879
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.06849200
Local Note:
Black and white gelatin glass negative
Place:
Pennsylvania -- Carlisle
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Collection Citation:
Photo lot 81-12, John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw348fa43b3-5e35-42b0-a427-1a05fc55d441
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-81-12-ref1007

Portrait of Three Boys, Students, in School Uniform

Creator:
Choate, John N., of Carlisle, Pennsylvania  Search this
Collection Creator:
Choate, J. N. (John N.), 1848-1902  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (gelatin glass negative, 005 in x 007 in)
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Date:
1879
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.06849300
Local Note:
Black and white gelatin glass negative
Place:
Pennsylvania -- Carlisle
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Collection Citation:
Photo lot 81-12, John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3b5bd9078-b8f5-4242-ae68-15773d2ad462
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-81-12-ref1008

Portrait of Malcom and Edward Clarke and Elmer Simon, Students, in School Uniform

Creator:
Choate, John N., of Carlisle, Pennsylvania  Search this
Collection Creator:
Choate, J. N. (John N.), 1848-1902  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (gelatin glass negative, 005 in x 007 in)
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Date:
1879
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.06849400
Local Note:
Black and white gelatin glass negative
Place:
Pennsylvania -- Carlisle
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Collection Citation:
Photo lot 81-12, John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3a9f9c8bd-f6a1-4119-9303-433d220b1f7a
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-81-12-ref1009

Portrait of Hiram Bailey, Student, in School Uniform

Creator:
Choate, John N., of Carlisle, Pennsylvania  Search this
Collection Creator:
Choate, J. N. (John N.), 1848-1902  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (gelatin glass negative, 005 in x 007 in)
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Date:
1879
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.06849500
Local Note:
Black and white gelatin glass negative
Place:
Pennsylvania -- Carlisle
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Collection Citation:
Photo lot 81-12, John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3469b5c78-f393-4d97-8a98-23d1aa0a6e64
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-81-12-ref1010

Portrait of Sam Six Killer, George Scott and George V.? Allin, Students, in School Uniform

Creator:
Choate, John N., of Carlisle, Pennsylvania  Search this
Collection Creator:
Choate, J. N. (John N.), 1848-1902  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (gelatin glass negative, 005 in x 007 in)
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Date:
1879
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.06849600
Local Note:
Black and white gelatin glass negative
Place:
Pennsylvania -- Carlisle
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Collection Citation:
Photo lot 81-12, John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
John N. Choate photographs of Carlisle Indian School
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw397421132-301d-4380-8afa-9d6fbcbac0da
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-81-12-ref1011

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