Collection consists of records documenting one of the oldest advertising agencies created in Philadelphia. The company then moves to New York and expanses to international markets. During its history NW Ayer & Sons acquires a number of other advertising agencies and is eventually purchased. The largest portion of the collection is print advertisements but also
includes radio and television. NW Ayer is known for some of the slogans created for major American companies.
Scope and Contents:
The collection consists primarily of proof sheets of advertisements created by NW Ayer & Son, Incorporated for their clients. These materials are in series one through thirteen and consist primarily of print advertisements. There are also billboards, radio and television commercials. The advertisements range from consumer to corporate and industrial products. The majority of the advertisements were created for Ayer's New York, Chicago, Los Angeles and international offices. Printed advertisements created by Cunningham & Walsh, Hixson & Jorgensen and Newell-Emmett are also included among these materials. Researchers who are interested in records created by Ayer in the course of operating an advertising agency will find these materials in Series fourteen-nineteen.
Series fourteen consists of advertisements created by NW Ayer & Son to promote their services to potential clients.
Series fifteen are scrapbooks of some of the earliest advertisements created by the company. Series sixteen are publications. Some of the publications were created by Ayer while others were about Ayer or the advertising industry in general. Provides good background materials and puts the company in perspective. Series eighteen are the legal records. Materials relating to employees including photographs, oral histories etc. are found in series nineteen.
Series twenty is one of the smallest amounts of materials and includes information relating to the history of NW Ayer & Son.
The container lists for series one-thirteen are part of a database and are searchable. The list has been printed for the convenience of the researcher and is included in this finding aid. Series fourteen-twenty container lists are also a part of the finding aid but are not in a searchable format.
Series 1, Scrapbooks of Client Advertisements, circa 1870-1920, is arranged into three boxes by chronological date. There are two bound scrapbooks and one box of folders containing loose scrapbook pages. NW Ayer & Son compiled an assortment of their earliest ads and placed them into scrapbooks. Besides the earliest advertisements, the scrapbooks contain requests to run advertisements, reading notices and listings of papers Ayer advertised in. The early advertisements themselves range from medical remedies to jewelry to machines to clothing to education and more. Most of the advertisements in the bound scrapbooks are dated.
Series 2, Proofsheets, circa 1870-1930, NW Ayer was fond of creating scrapbooks containing proofsheets. The series contains proofsheets created between 1892 and 1930, organized into 526 boxes. For convenience of storage, access and arrangement, the scrapbooks were disassembled and the pages placed in original order in flat archival storage boxes. The proofsheets are arranged by book number rather than client name. Usually the boxes contain a listing of the clients and sometimes the dates of the advertisements to be found within the box.
Series 3, Proofsheets, circa 1920-1975, is organized into 532 oversize boxes, and contain proofsheets and tearsheets created between 1920 and 1972. Within this series, materials are arranged alphabetically by company name (occasionally subdivided by brand or product), and thereunder chronologically by date of production. Many major, national advertisers are represented, including American Telephone & Telegraph, Armour Company, Canada Dry, Cannon Mills, Carrier Corporation, Domino Sugar, Caterpillar tractor company, Ford Motor Company, General Electric, Goodyear, Hills Bros. Coffee, Ladies Home Journal, National Dairy, Plymouth (Chrysler Corporation), Steinway, TV Guide, United Airlines and the United States Army. Also contained in this series are three scrapbooks of client advertisements including Canada Dry, Ford Motor, and Victor Talking Machine.
Series 4, 2001 Addendum, circa 1976-2001, is organized into ninety three oversized boxes,one folder and contains proofsheets for select Ayer clients, created between 1975 and 2001. Within this series, materials are arranged alphabetically by client name and there under chronologically by date of production. Major national advertisers represented include American Telephone & Telegraph, Avon, the United States Army, DeBeers Consolidated Diamond Mines, Dupont, TV Guide, Sealtest, Kraft Foods, Gillette, General Motors, Cannon Mills.
Series 5, Billboards, circa 1952-1956, consists of mounted and un-mounted original art/mock-ups. Twenty-two pieces of original art created as mock-ups for Texaco billboards.
Series 6, Film and Video Commercials, 1967-1970,
Series 7, Radio and Television Materials, 1933-1993, undated, is arranged into eight boxes and includes radio scripts, television scripts, and story boards for commercials.
Subseries 7.1, Scripts and storyboards for Radio and Television Commercials, dates Scripts for radio and television commercials includes title, date, length of commercial, advertising agency, client information
NW Ayer's radio and television materials mainly focus on the American Telegraph and Telephone account. Some of Ayer's materials relate to Bell Telephone Hours.
Storyboards are used in television and film to assist the director in working with crew to tell the story. To show the viewer through the use of figures, visual effects and camera angles. When directors first start thinking about their storyboard they create a story in their mind. They think of all the camera angles, visual effects and how the figures will interact in their mind. They try to create an extraordinary story in their head to attract the viewer (YOU) In order for the storyboard to be entirely effective it can't be a passive document. When done properly, a storyboard serves as a central design, meeting the needs of many team members including graphics artists, video personnel and programmers.
Another function of a storyboard is to help the team communicate during the training development process. This communication is very important in working with a large team as in the movie King, produced in 1996. Figures help the director explain to the crew how they are going to record the film and how to present it to the audience. Sometimes the director wants special effects to be added to the film, but his budget might not be that big so the director will have to change the story to fit their budget.
The Visual Effects are an important part in the storyboards it adds a special touch of creativity to your film. Camera angles are an important expects in your film because the camera angles determine where the viewing audience will look. If you want your audience to look at a certain object you must turn their attention to it by focusing on that object and maybe you might try blocking something out. Then you will have your audience's attention and you may do whatever else you have to, it could be scaring them are just surprising them or whatever you do.
Also included is talent information and log sheets relating to the storage of the commercials.
Bell Telephone Hour Program, 1942-[19??], The Bell Telephone Hour, also known as The Telephone Hour, was a five minute musical program which began April 29, 1940 on National Broadcasting Company Radio and was heard on NBC until June 30, 1958. Sponsored by Bell Telephone showcased the best in classical and Broadway music, reaching eight to nine million listeners each week. It continued on television from 1959 to 1968.
Earlier shows featured James Melton and Francia White as soloists. Producer Wallace Magill restructured the format on April 27, 1942 into the "Great Artists Series" of concert and opera performers, beginning with Jascha Heifetz. Records indicate that the list of talents on the program included Marian Anderson, Helen Traubel, Oscar Levant, Lily Pons, Nelson Eddy, Bing Crosby, Margaret Daum, Benny Goodman, José Iturbi, Gladys Swarthout and .The series returned to radio in 1968-1969 as Bell Telephone Hour Encores, also known as Encores from the Bell Telephone Hour, featuring highlights and interviews from the original series.
National Broadcasting television specials sponsored by the Bell System, 1957-1987includes information relating to Science series, Bell system Theshold Series, Bell telephone hour and commercial and public sponsored programs
Series 8, Chicago Office Print Advertisements, 1954-1989, is arranged alphabetically by the name of the client in ninety boxes and six oversize folders. Clients include Illinois Bell Telephone (1955-1989), Microswitch (1969-1989), Teletype (1975-1984), John Deere (1974-1989) and Caterpillar (1966-1972) are particularly well represented. Other clients of interest include Dr. Scholl's shoes (circa 1968-1972), the Girl Scouts (1976-1980), Sunbeam Personal Products Company (1973-1981), Bell and Howell (1974-1983) and Alberto Culver shampoos (1967-1971), Honeywell, Incorporated, Blue Cross and Blue Shield Associations, Kraft, Incorporated, Sears, Roebuck and Company, and YMCA.
Series 9, Los Angeles Office Materials, 1950s-1987, include printed advertisements created by this office and information relating to the employees.
Subseries 9.1, Print Advertisements, 1977-1987, printed advertisements arranged in one box alphabetically by client. There is a sparse sampling of clients from this particular Ayer branch office. The majority of the advertisements contained within this series are from Pizza Hut (1986-1987). Also included are Computer Automation (1977-1978), State of the Art, Incorporated (1982) and Toshiba (1986).
Subseries 9.2, Personnel Files, 1950s-1970s, includes cards of employees who worked in the Los Angeles office. Information on the cards includes name, address, telephone number, birthday, date hired, departure date and why (retired, terminated, resigned, etc) and position. Not all cards have all information. There is also a photograph of the employees on the cards.
Series 10, Foreign Print Advertisements, 1977-1991, undated, NW Ayer maintained partnerships with international companies such as Sloanas Ayer in Argentina, Connaghan & May Paton Ayer in Australia, Moussault Ayer in Belgium, NW Ayer, LTD. in Canada, GMC Ayer in France, Co-Partner Ayer in Germany, Wong Lam Wang in Hong Kong, MacHarman Ayer in New Zealand, Grupo de Diseno Ayer in Spain, Nedeby Ayer in Sweden, and Ayer Barker in United Kingdom. This group of material is a small sampling of advertisements created from these International offices. It is arranged alphabetically by client. There are quite a few automobile advertisements (i.e. Audi, Fiat, General Motors, Mercedes-Benz, and Volkswagen). In addition there are numerous advertisements for various personal items from MacLean's toothpaste to Quick athletic shoes to Labello lip balm, etc. Most of the advertisements have the creator's name printed on the advertisements.
Series 11, Cunningham & Walsh, Incorporated Materials, 1915-1987, undated contains 98 boxes 11 folders materials from the New York advertising agency acquired by NW Ayer in the 1960s. The company began with Newel-Emmett, an agency of nine men which broke up in 1949. Two of the men Fred Walsh and Jack Cunningham formed this agency in bearing their names in 1950. The agency created "let your fingers for the walking campaign for American Telephone & Telegraph, Mother Nature for Chiffon, and Mrs. Olson for Folgers's coffee and let the good times roll for Kawasaki motorcycle. In 1986, NW Ayer Incorporated purchased Cunningham & Walsh Incorporated.
Subseries 11.1, Print Advertisements, 1915-1987, are contained in ninety eight boxes of primarily print advertisements arranged alphabetically by client name. Clients that are particularly well represented are Graybar (electrical implements, circa1926-1937), Johns-Manulle (circa1915-1971), Smith and Corono typewriters (circa 1934-1960), Sunshine Biscuit Company (circa 1925-1961), Texaco Company (circa 1936-1961), Western Electric (circa 1920- 1971) and Yellow Pages (circa 1936-1971). Cunningham and Walsh also represented several travel and tourism industry clients, including Cook Travel Services (circa 1951-1962), Italian Line (circa 1953-1961), Narragansett and Croft (circa 1956-1960) and Northwest Airlines (circa 1946-1955). There are photographs of Texaco advertisements dating from 1913-1962. There is also a scrapbook of advertisements from the Western Electric Company dating from 1920-1922.
Subseries 11.2, Radio and Television Advertisements, 1963-1967, consist of materials created for Western Electric. Materials are arranged in chronological order.
Subseries 11.3, Company Related Materials, 1962-1986, undated include client lists, information relating to NW Ayer purchase and annual report 1962.
Series 12, Hixson & Jorgensen Materials, 1953-1971, a Los Angeles advertising company, merged with Ayer in 1969. This series is housed in one box. Within the box are four scrapbooks and folders with a hodgepodge of materials relating to advertising. Of most interest are the scrapbooks. Two scrapbooks deal with Hixson and Jorgensen's self promotion ad campaign "the right appeal gets action" (1953-1957). The other two scrapbooks contain news clippings about the company and its activities (1959-1971).
Series 13, Newell-Emmet, 1942-1957, founded in 1919 and governed in the 1940s by a partnership of nine men. The partnership broke up in 1949 when the men went their separate ways. The materials consist of print advertisements for one of client, Permutit Company, a water conditioning company. The materials are arranged in one box in chronological order.
Series 14, House Print Advertisements, 1870-1991, 16 boxes consists of advertisements or self-promotion advertisements to campaign for new clients. The series is arranged chronologically by date into fifteen boxes. Within the series are two scrapbooks containing self promotion ads from 1888-1919 and 1892-1895. Numerous house ads relate to Ayer's "Human Contact" campaign. In addition to the self promotion ads, Ayer ran advertisements expounding about particular concepts or themes for example, one month the concept would "understand" while another month would be "teamwork" and yet another would be on "imagination". Some of the self promotion ads target specific groups like Philadelphia businessmen. Other advertisements incorporate the fine arts.
Series 15, Scrapbooks, 1872-1959, relates to company events, records and news clippings about Ayer's history. The six boxes are arranged by chronological date. Two of the boxes focus solely on the death of founder F.W. Ayer (1923). Another box houses a scrapbook that showcases Ayer's annual Typography Exhibition (1931-1959). One box contains a scrapbook that specifically deals with correspondences relating to Ayer's advertising. Yet another box's contents are folders of loose pages from scrapbooks that have newspaper clippings, order forms, correspondences and other company records. In one box, a bound scrapbook houses a variety of materials relating to Ayer and advertising (i.e. newspaper clippings, competitor's advertisements, NW Ayer's advertisements, correspondences for advertisements, clippings regarding the "theory of advertising."
Series 16, Publications, 1849-2006, are housed in thirty four boxes and are arranged into three main categories.
Subseries 16.1, House Publications, 1876-1994, covers diverse topics; some proscriptive works about the Ayer method in advertising, some commemorating people, anniversaries or events in the life of the agency. Materials consist of scattered issues of the employee newsletter The Next Step 1920-1921. The materials are arranged in chronological order by date of publication. Ayer in the News, The Show Windows of an Advertising Agency, 1915, book form of advertisements published on the cover of Printer's Ink, highlighting Ayer's relations with advertisers. The Story of the States, 1916, Reprint in book form of a series of articles published in Printer's Ink for the purpose of adding some pertinent fact, progressive thought and prophetic vision to the Nationalism of Advertising highlights major businesses, manufacturer, natural resources and other qualities or attractions of each state. The Book of the Golden Celebration, 1919, includes welcome address and closing remarks by founder F. Wayland Ayer, The Next Step, 1920 employee newsletter with photographs, employee profiles, in-house jokes, etc., Advertising Advertising: A Series of Fifty-two Advertisements scheduled one time a week. Twenty-seven, thirty and forty inches, a day of the week optional with publisher, 1924
Subseries 16.2, Publications about NW Ayer, 1949-2006, includes a book first published in 1939. Includes articles, documenting events and is arranged chronologically by date of publication.
Subseries 16.3, General Publications about Advertising, 1922-1974, are arranged chronologically by date of publication and relate primarily to the history of advertising.
Subseries 16.4, Publications about Other Subjects, 1948-1964, include four books about the tobacco industry primarily the history of the American Tobacco Company and Lorillard Company from the Cunningham and Walsh library.
Series 17, Business Records, circa 1885-1990s
Subseries 17.1, Contracts, 1885-1908, undated, are arranged alphabetically and span from 1885-1908. The majority of the contracts are with newspaper and magazine publishers from around the country.
Subseries 17.2, General client information, 1911-1999, undated, including active and cancelled lists with dates, client gains, historical client list, (should move this to series 20) Ayer Plan User Guide Strategic Planning for Human Contact, undated
Subseries 17.3, Individual Client Account Information, 1950s-1990s, undated, contain information used by Ayer to create advertisements for some of its clients. American Telephone &Telegraph Corporate Case History, American Telephone &Telegraph Corporate advertisement memo, commissioned artists for DeBeers advertisements, DeBeers information relating to the creative process and photography credits, a case history for DeBeers Consolidated Mines, Ltd., The Diamond Engagement Ring, Managing Communication at all levels, DuPont publications, JC Penny Marketing Communication Plan Recommendation, Leaf, Incorporated, Saturn presentation, and USAREC oral presentation.
Subseries 17.4, Potential Clients, 1993, includes grouping has a questionnaire sent to Ayer by a potential client. Questionnaire response for Prudential Securities, 1993 Prudential Securities advertising account review, 1993.
Subseries 17.5, Financial Records, 1929-1938, includes balance sheet, 1929 May 1 Balance sheet and adjustments Consolidated statement of assets and liabilities, Expenses 191936-37 Business review and expenses, 1937 and 1938 Business review and expenses comparative statement, 1937 and 1938.
Series 18, Legal Records, circa 1911-1982, Ayer's legal records are arranged by twelve subject groupings within four boxes. The twelve groupings are advertising service agreements (circa 1918-1982), bylaws, copyright claims, correspondences, international correspondences, dissolution of trusts, stock information, agreements between partners, incorporation materials, reduction of capital, property information and miscellaneous materials. The bulk of the materials are the advertising service agreements. These agreements are between Ayer and their clients and state the services Ayer will offer and at what cost. The bylaws are Ayer's company bylaws from 1969 and 1972. The copyright claims are certificates stating Ayer's ownership over certain published materials (i.e. "Policy", Media Equalizer Model, and Don Newman's Washington Square Experiment). The correspondences relate to either the voting trust and receipts for agreement or the New York Corporation. The international correspondences are from either Ayer's Canadian office or London office. The dissolutions of trusts contains materials about the dividend trust of Wilfred F. Fry, the investment trust of Winfred W. Fry, the voting trust, and the New York corporation. The stock information has stock certificates and capital stock information. The agreements between partners (1911-1916) specify the terms between F.W. Ayer and his partners. The incorporation materials (circa 1929-1977) deal with Ayer advertising agency becoming incorporated in the state of Delaware. The reduction of capital grouping is a notification that shares of stock have been retired. The property information grouping contains property deeds and insurance policy (circa 1921-1939), a property appraisal (1934), and a bill of sale (1948). The miscellaneous grouping contains a house memo regarding a set of board meeting minutes and a registry of foreign companies in Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (1929-1954).
Subseries 18.1, Advertising Service Agreements, 1918-1982
Subseries 18.2, Bylaw Materials, 1969-1972
Subseries 18.3, Copyright Claims, 1962-1969
Subseries 18.4, Correspondence, 1928-1933
Subseries 18.5, International Office Correspondence, 1947-1948
Subseries 18.6, Dissolution of Trusts, 1934-1937
Subseries 18.7, Stock Information, 1934-1974
Subseries 18.8, Agreements between Partners, 1911-1916
Series 19, Personnel Records, circa 1889-2001, are arranged into eight groupings within eight boxes. The groupings are employee card files, photographs, Ayer alumni, biographies, speeches, recollections, oral histories, and miscellaneous. Typed manuscript of book A Copy Writer Speaks by George Cecil, NW Ayer, Incorporated copy head 1920s-1950s
Subseries 19.1, Employee card files, circa 1892-1915; 1929-1963, consists of index cards with the name, age, job title, date and wage increases, date of hire/fire, as well as remarks about the employee's service and/or reasons for seeking or leaving the job. Materials are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the employee within three boxes.
Subseries 19.2, Photographs, circa 1924-1984, undated, are housed in two boxes. The photographs grouped together by subjects i.e. personnel, company events, Ayer buildings, and miscellaneous. This grouping primarily consists of personnel photographs. Includes a glass plate negative dated 1924 of NW Ayer.
Subseries 19.3, Ayer Alumni, circa 1989-98, include employees who have left Ayer. There is a listing of Ayer "graduates" and their current job. Emeritus, Ayer's alumni newsletter 1989-1996, makes up the majority of materials in this grouping. The newsletter keeps the alumni up to date with the happenings of Ayer and what has become of former Ayer employees. Emeritus is a quarterly newsletter devoted to the activities, thoughts and feelings of Ayer alumni a body of people who consists of retirees and former employees.
Subseries 19.4, Biographical Information, circa 1889-1994, undated, prominent members of Ayer's operations had biographical sketches completed of them. This was true for the bio sketches of Robert Ervin, Louis T. Hagopian, and George A. Rink. There is a substantial file on Dorothy Dignam ("Mis Dig"), a leading woman in the advertising world from the 1930s to the 1950s. Also of interest is a video ("The Siano Man") compiled by Ayer employees to commemorate Jerry Siano's retirement from Ayer in 1994. The series is arranged alphabetically by last name.
Subseries 19.5, Speeches, circa 1919-1931; 1975, contains speeches made by Wilfred W. Fry and Neal W. O'Connor. Wilfred W. Fry had various speaking engagements connected with Ayer. Contained in this group is a sampling of his speeches from 1919 to 1931. Neal O'Connor's speech "Advertising: Who Says It's a Young People's Business" was given at the Central Region Convention for the American Association of Advertising Agencies in Chicago on November 6, 1975. The speeches are arranged alphabetically by the speaker's last name.
Subseries 19.6, Recollections, 1954-1984, undated, are arranged alphabetically by last name. These are recollections from Ayer employees about the company and its advertisements. Some recollections are specifically about certain types of advertisements, like farm equipment while others reflect on F. W. Ayer and the company.
Subseries 19.7, Oral History Interview Transcripts, 1983-1985; 1989-1991, include interviews with key NW Ayer personnel, conducted by Ayer alumnae Howard Davis, Brad Lynch and Don Sholl (Vice President creative) for the Oral History Program. The materials are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the interviewee.
Subseries 19.8, Oral History Interview Audio Tapes, 1985-1990, include interviews on audiotape the materials are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the interviewee.
Subseries 19.9, Internal Communications, 1993-1999, includes information sent to employees relating to retirements, management changes, awards won by the company, promotions, potential new accounts, free items, grand opening of Ayer Café, donation events, sponsorship programs, holiday schedules, discounts for employees from clients, Ayer joins MacManus Group.
Subseries 19.10, General Materials, 1940; 1970, includes agency directory entry including a list of the employees, 1970s, annual banquet program for the Curfew Club May 22, 1940 a group formed by the Philadelphia employee in 1938. It sponsored numerous sports, social and educational activities. Groups were formed in public speaking, music appreciation and a series of talks on Monday evenings title the modern woman. The front page was a series of talks for general interest. A list of officers, 1991, Twenty five year club membership, 1973 December 1, List of NW Ayer graduates, 1970, List of Officers, 1991 May 31, Obituary for Leo Lionni, 1999 October 17, List of photographers of advertisements, 2001
Series 20, Background and History Information, 1817-1999, undated includes a chronology, 1817-1990, quick reference timeline, 1848-1923, loose pages from a scrapbook containing examples of correspondence, envelopes, advertisements dating from 1875-1878; slogans coined by NW Ayer & Sons, Incorporated, 1899-1990, history of management, 1909-1923, articles and photographs about the building and art galleries, 1926-1976, publications about the Philadelphia building, 1929, pamphlet relating to memories of NW Ayer & Sons, Incorporated, 1930s-1950s, television history, 1940-1948, Article about the history of the company, 1950 January, pocket guide, 1982, AdWeek reports about standings for advertising agencies, information relating to Human Contact which is NW Ayer's Information relating to Human Contact, undated which is their philosophy on advertising.
Series 21, Materials Created by other Advertising Agencies, 1945-1978, undated, consists of print advertisements collected by Ayer from other major advertising companies. The companies include Doyle Dane Bernback, Incorporated, Leo Burnett Company, Grey Advertising Agency, D'Arcy Ad Agency, Scali, McCabe, Sloves, Incorporated and Erwin Wasey Company. The materials are arranged in alphabetical order by client and include products from Ralston Purina and Van Camp (Chicken of the Sea), Kellogg, American Export Lines and No Nonsense Fashions.
Series 22, 2010 Addendum of Print Advertisements, circa 1879s-1999, undated, includes material given to the Archives Center in 2010. It is organized into seventy one oversized boxes and contains proofsheets of print advertisements for select Ayer clients. These are arranged alphabetically by client name and include substantial quantities of materials from American Telephone &Telegraph (1945-1996), Bahamas Ministry of Tourism (1967-1987), Carrier (1971-1981), Citibank (1973-1991), DeBeers (1940s-1960s and1990s), Electric Companies Advertising Program [ECAP] (1942-1970s), General Motors (1989-1998), J.C. Penney (1983-1986), Newsweek (1966-1975), and Proctor and Gamble (1980s-1890s). There are also numerous other clients represented by smaller quantities of materials.
Subseries 22.2, Print Advertisements on Glass Plate Negatives, 1879-1881, undated, include Cannon towels, Cheny Brothers silks, Cornish & Company organs and pianos, Enterprise Manufacturing Company, 1879 sad iron, an ad from Harper's Weekly 1881 for ladies clothing, Ostermoor & Company mattresses, Pear's soap, Porter's cough balsam, Steinway pianos.
Series 23, Microfilm of Print Advertisements, circa 1908-1985, consists of three boxes of printed advertisements for the American Telephone and Telegraph Company. Some of the same advertisements might also be found in series two, three and four.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into twenty-three series.
Series 1: Scrapbooks of Client Print Advertisements, circa 1870-1920
Series 2: Proofsheets, circa 1870-1930
Series 3: Proofsheets, circa 1920-1975
Series 4: 2001 Addendum, circa 1976-2001
Series 5: Billboards, circa 1952-1956
Series 6: Audiovisual Materials
Series 7: Radio and Television Materials, 1933-1993, undated
Series 8: Chicago Office Print Advertisements, 1954-1989
Series 9: Los Angeles Office Materials, 1950s-1987
Subseries 9.1: Printed Advertisements, 1977-1987
Subseries 9.2: Personnel Files, 1950s-1970s
Series 10: Foreign Print Advertisements, 1977-1991, undated
Series 11: Cunningham & Walsh Incorporated Materials, 1915-1987, undated
Subseries 11.1: Printed Advertisements, 1915-1987
Subseries 11.2: Radio and Television Advertisements, 1963-1967
Subseries 11.3: Company Related Materials, 1962-1986, undated
Series 12: Hixson & Jorgensen Materials, 1953-1971, undated
Series 13: Newell-Emmet, 1942-1957
Series 14: House Print Advertisements, 1870-1991
Series 15: Scrapbooks, 1872-1959
Series 16: Publications, 1849-2006
Subseries 16.1: House Publications, 1876-1994
Subseries 16.2: Publications about NW Ayer, 1949-1995
Subseries 16.3: General Publications about Advertising, 1922-2006
Subseries 16.4: Publications about other Subjects, 1948-1964
Series 17, Business Records, circa 1885-1990s
Subseries 17.1: Contracts, 1885-1908, undated
Subseries 17.2: General Client Information, 1911-1999, undated
Subseries 22.2: Print Advertisements on Glass Plate Negatives, 1879-1881, undated
Series 23: Microfilm of Print Advertisements, circa 1908-1985
Biographical / Historical:
Founded in Philadelphia in 1869, NW Ayer & Son is one of the oldest and largest advertising agencies in America. For most of its history, it was the undisputed leader and innovator in the field of advertising. In 1876, NW Ayer & Son pioneered the "open contract", a revolutionary change in the method of billing for advertising which became the industry standard for the next hundred years. NW Ayer pioneered the use of fine art in advertising and established the industry's first art department. It was the first agency to use a full-time copywriter and the first to institute a copy department. The agency relocated to New York City in 1974. During its long history, the agency's clients included many "blue-chip" clients, including American Telephone & Telegraph, DeBeers Consolidated Diamond Mines, Ford Motor Company, Nabisco, R. J. Reynolds and United Airlines. However, in later years, the Ayer's inherent conservatism left the agency vulnerable to the creative revolution of the 1960s and 1970s, the advertising industry restructuring of the 1980s and the economic recession of the early 1990s. The agency was bought out by a Korean investor in 1993. In 1996, NW Ayer merged with another struggling top twenty United States advertising agency, Darcy, Masius, Benton & Bowles, under the umbrella of the McManus Group. Ayer continues to operate as a separate, full-service agency.
Through a series of buyouts and mergers, Ayer traces its lineage to the first advertising agency founded in the United States, a Philadelphia agency begun by Volney Palmer in 1841. Palmer began his career in advertising as a newspaper agent, acting as middleman between newspaper publishers and advertisers across the country. By 1849, Palmer had founded his own newspaper, V. B. Palmer's Register and Spirit of the Press, and had developed a complete system of advertising which included securing advertising space and placing ads in scores of commercial, political, religious, scientific and agricultural journals across the country. Palmer went one step further than the "space jobbers" of the day when he began offering "advertisements carefully drawn for those who have not the time to prepare an original copy." Always an enthusiastic promoter of advertising as an incentive to trade and American economic growth, Palmer promised advertisers that "every dollar paid for advertising in country newspapers will pay back twenty-fold" and encouraged skeptical consumers that "he who wishes to buy cheap should buy of those who advertise." When Palmer died in 1863, the agency was bought by his bookkeeper, John Joy, who joined with another Philadelphia advertising agency to form Joy, Coe & Sharpe. That agency was bought out again in 1868 and renamed Coe, Wetherill & Company. In 1877, Coe, Wetherill and Company was bought out by the newly formed NW Ayer & Son.
Francis Wayland Ayer was an ambitious young schoolteacher with an entrepreneurial streak. Having worked for a year soliciting advertisements on a commission basis for the publisher of the National Baptist weekly, Francis Ayer saw the potential to turn a profit as an advertising agent. In 1869, Ayer persuaded his father, Nathan Wheeler Ayer, to join him in business, and with an initial investment of only $250.00, NW Ayer & Son was born. Notwithstanding a smallpox epidemic in Philadelphia in 1871 and the general economic depression of the early 1870s, the agency flourished. The senior Ayer died in 1873, leaving his interest in the agency to his wife, but Francis W. Ayer bought her out, consolidating his interest in the company's management. In 1877, with Coe, Wetherill & Company (the successor to Palmer's 1841 agency) on the verge of bankruptcy and heavily indebted to Ayer for advertising it had placed in Ayer publications, Ayer assumed ownership of that agency. Thus did NW Ayer lay claim to being the oldest advertising agency in the country.
Both Nathan Wheeler and Francis Wayland Ayer began their careers as schoolteachers, and one of their legacies was a commitment to the cause of education: correspondence schools and institutions of higher learning were historically well-represented among Ayer clients. Just after World War I, the agency was heralded as "co-founder of more schools than any citizen of this country" for its conspicuous efforts to advertise private schools. Well into the 1960s, an "Education Department" at Ayer prepared advertisements for over three hundred private schools, camps and colleges, representing almost half the regional and national advertising done for such institutions. In fact, to its clients Ayer presented advertising itself as being akin to a system of education. In 1886, Ayer began promoting the virtues of the Ayer way advertising with the slogan, "Keeping Everlastingly at It Brings Success."
The agency's goals were simple: "to make advertising pay the advertiser, to spend the advertiser's money as though it were our own, to develop, magnify and dignify advertising as a business." Initially, Ayer's fortunes were tied to newspapers, and the agency began to make a name for itself as compiler and publisher of a widely used American Newspaper Annual. During the first years, Ayer's singular goal was "to get business, place it [in newspapers] and get money for it"; after several years as an independent space broker, however, Francis Ayer resolved "not to be an order taker any longer." This decision led NW Ayer and Son to a change in its mode of conducting business which would revolutionize the advertising industry: in 1876, Ayer pioneered the "open contract" with Diggee & Conard, Philadelphia raised growers and agricultural suppliers. Prior to the open contract, NW Ayer & Sons and most agencies operated as "space-jobbers," independent wholesalers of advertising space, in which the opportunities for graft and corrupt practices were virtually unlimited. In contrast, the open contract, wherein the advertiser paid a fixed commission based on the volume of advertising placed, aligned the advertising agent firmly on the side of the advertiser and gave advertisers access to the actual rates charged by newspapers and religious journals. The open contract with a fixed commission has been hailed by advertising pioneer Albert Lasker as one of the "three great landmarks in advertising history." (The other two were Lasker's own development of "reason-why" advertising copy and J. Walter Thompson's pioneering of sex appeal in an advertisement for Woodbury's soap.) Although the transition to the open contract did not happen overnight, by 1884, nearly three-quarters of Ayer's advertising billings were on an open contract basis. Since Ayer was, by the 1890s, the largest agency in America, the switch to direct payment by advertisers had a significant impact on the advertising industry, as other agencies were forced to respond to Ayer's higher standard. Just as important, the open contract helped to establish N W Ayer's long-standing reputation for "clean ethics and fair dealing" -- a reputation the agency has guarded jealously for over a century.
The open contract also helped to establish Ayer as a full service advertising agency and to regularize the production of advertising in-house. From that point forward, Ayer routinely offered advice and service beyond the mere placement of advertisements. Ayer set another milestone for the industry in 1888, when Jarvis Wood was hired as the industry's first full-time copywriter. Wood was joined by a second full time copywriter four years later, and the Copy Department was formally established in 1900. The industry's first Art Department grew out of the Copy Department when Ayer hired its first commercial artist to assist with copy preparation in 1898; twelve years later Ayer became the first agency to offer the services of a full time art director, whose sole responsibility was the design and illustration of ads.
Ayer's leadership in the use of fine art in advertising has roots in this period, but achieved its highest expression under the guidance of legendary art director Charles Coiner. Coiner joined Ayer in 1924, after graduating from the Chicago Academy of Fine Arts. Despite early resistance from some clients, Coiner was adamant that "the use of outstanding palette and original art forms bring a greater return in readership, in impact and prestige for the advertiser." To this end, Coiner marshaled the talents of notable painters, illustrators and photographers, including N.C. Wyeth and Rockwell Kent (Steinway), Georgia O'Keefe (Dole), Leo Lionni (DuPont), Edward Steichen (Steinway, Cannon Mills), Charles Sheeler (Ford), and Irving Penn (DeBeers). Coiner believed that there was a practical side to the use of fine art in advertising, and his success (and Ayer's) lay in the marriage of research and copywriting with fine art, an arrangement Coiner termed "art for business sake." Coiner's efforts won both awards and attention for a series completed in the 1950s for the Container Corporation of America. Titled "Great Ideas of Western Man" the campaign featured abstract and modern paintings and sculpture by leading U.S. and foreign artists, linked with Western philosophical writings in an early example of advertising designed primarily to bolster corporate image. In 1994, Charles Coiner was posthumously named to the American Advertising Federation's Hall of Fame, the first full time art director ever chosen for that honor.
Coiner and fellow art director Paul Darrow also created legendary advertising with the "A Diamond Is Forever" campaign for DeBeers; ads featured the work of Pablo Picasso, Salvador Dali and other modernist painters. The "A Diamond is Forever" tagline was written in 1949 by Frances Gerety, a woman copywriter at Ayer from 1943 to 1970. In 1999, Ad Age magazine cited "A Diamond is Forever" as the most memorable advertising slogan of the twentieth century.
Coiner also earned respect for his volunteer government service during World War II; he designed the armbands for civil defense volunteers and logos for the National Recovery Administration and Community Chest. As a founding member of the Advertising Council in 1945, Ayer has had a long-standing commitment to public service advertising. In the mid-1980s, Ayer became a leading force in the Reagan-era "War on Drugs". Lou Hagopian, Ayer's sixth CEO, brokered the establishment of the Partnership for a Drug-Free America, a media coalition which generated as much as a million dollars a day in donated advertising space and time to prevent the use and abuse of illegal drugs. Famous names appear among NW Ayer's clientele from the very earliest days of the agency. Retailer John Wanamaker, Jay Cooke and Company, and Montgomery Ward's mail-order business were among the first Ayer clients. The agency has represented at least twenty automobile manufacturers, including Cadillac, Chrysler, Ford, General Motors, Plymouth, and Rolls-Royce. Other major, long-term clients through the years have included American Telephone & Telegraph, Canada Dry, Cannon Mills, Hills Bros. Coffee Company, Kellogg's, R. J. Reynolds, Steinway and Sons, United Airlines, and the United States Army. By the time of Ayer's hundredth anniversary in 1969, some of these companies had been Ayer clients for decades if not generations, and the longevity of those relationships was for many years a source of Ayer's strength.
But the advertising industry began to change in the late 1960s and 1970s, due in part to a "creative revolution." Small advertising agencies won attention with provocative copywriting and art direction that more closely resembled art than advertising. Advances in market research allowed clients to more narrowly tailor their advertising messages to distinct groups of consumers, and this led to a rise in targeted marketing which could more readily be doled out to specialized small agencies than to larger, established firms like NW Ayer & Son. The civil rights and anti-war movements also contributed to increasing public skepticism with the values of corporate America, and by extension, with some national advertising campaigns. Older, more conservative firms like Ayer were hard pressed to meet these new challenges.
About 1970, in an effort to meet these challenges and to establish a foothold on the West Coast, Ayer bought out two smaller agencies--Hixson & Jorgenson (Los Angeles) and Frederick E. Baker (Seattle). The agency relocated from Philadelphia to New York City in 1974 in an attempt both to consolidate operations (Ayer had operated a New York office since the 1920s) and to be closer to the historic center of the advertising industry. Riding the wave of mergers that characterized the advertising industry in the late 1980s and 1990s, Ayer continued to grow through the acquisition of Cunningham & Walsh in 1986 and Rink Wells in 19xx.
During this transitional period, Ayer received widespread acclaim for its work for the United States Army, which included the widely recognized slogan "Be All You Can Be". Ayer first acquired the Army recruitment account in 1967 and with help from its direct marketing arm, the agency was widely credited with helping the Army reach its recruitment goals despite an unpopular war and plummeting enlistments after the elimination of the draft in 1973. Ayer held the account for two decades, from the Vietnam War through the Cold War, but lost the account in 1986 amid government charges that an Ayer employee assigned to the account accepted kickbacks from a New York film production house. Despite Ayer's position as the country's 18th largest agency (with billings of $880 million in 1985), the loss of the agency's second largest account hit hard.
NW Ayer made up for the loss of the $100 million dollar a year Army account and made headlines for being on the winning end of the largest account switch in advertising history to date, when fast food giant Burger King moved its $200 million dollar advertising account from arch-rival J. Walter Thompson in 1987. Burger King must have had drive-thru service in mind, however, and Ayer made headlines again when it lost the account just eighteen months later in another record-breaking account switch. Another devastating blow to the agency was the loss of its lead position on the American Telegraph and Telephone account. Ayer pioneered telecommunications advertising in 1908, when the agency was selected to craft advertising for the Bell System's universal telephone service. Despite valiant efforts to keep an account the agency had held for most of the twentieth century, and for which they had written such memorable corporate slogans as American Telephone &Telegraph "The Voice with a Smile" and "Reach Out and Touch Someone", the agency lost the account in 1996.
After a wave of mergers and acquisitions in the late 1980s, the economic recession of the early 1990s hit Madison Avenue hard, and Ayer was particularly vulnerable. Despite the agency's long history and roster of "blue-chip" clients, Ayer was not known for cutting-edge creative work. Moreover, though the agency had offices overseas, Ayer had never built a strong multinational presence, and many of the smaller international offices were sold during the financial turmoil of the 1980s. This left a real void in the new climate of global marketplace consolidation. By about 1990, earnings were declining (although Ayer was still among the top twenty United States agencies in billings), and the agency was suffering from client defections, high management turnover, expensive real estate commitments and deferred executive compensation deals, all fallout of the high-flying 1980s. This was the atmosphere in 1993, when W.Y. Choi, a Korean investor who had already assembled a media and marketing empire in his homeland, began looking for an American partner to form an international advertising network. Jerry Siano, the former creative director who had recently been named Ayer's seventh CEO, was in no position to refuse Choi's offer of $35 million to buy the now floundering agency. The infusion of cash was no magic bullet, however. Choi took a wait-and-see approach, allowing his partner Richard Humphreys to make key decisions about Ayer's future, including the purging of senior executives and the installation of two new CEOs in as many years.
The agency's downward trend continued with the loss of another longtime client, the DeBeers diamond cartel in 1995. Adweek reported that Ayer's billings fell from $892 million in 1990 to less than $850 million in 1995. Several top executives defected abruptly, and the agency failed to attract major new accounts. Ayer was facing the loss not merely of revenue and personnel, but the loss of much of the respect it once commanded. Ayer remained among the twenty largest U.S. agencies, but an aura of uncertainty hung over the agency like a cloud. A new CEO was appointed, and Mary Lou Quinlan became the agency's first woman CEO in 1995. A year later, Ayer and another struggling top twenty agency, D'arcy, Masius, Benton & Bowles, combined as part of the McManus Group of companies. In 1998, the McManus Group had worldwide billings of more than $6.5 billion.
Under the McManus Group, Ayer was able to expand its international operations and begin to rebuild a stronger global presence. Several important new clients were won in 1997 and 1998, including Avon, General Motors, Kitchenaid, several Procter & Gamble brands and, most notably, Continental Airlines worldwide accounts. Born in the nineteenth century, Ayer may be one of a very few advertising agencies to successfully weather the economic and cultural transitions of both the twentieth and twentieth first centuries. Ayer was eventually acquired by the Publicis Groupe based in Paris, France which closed down the N.W. Ayer offices in 2002.
Related Materials:
Materials in the Archives Center
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana (AC0060)
Hills Bros. Coffee Incorporated Records (AC0395)
Provenance:
The collection was donated by N W Ayer ABH International, April 15, 1975 and by Ayer & Partners, October 30, 1996.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research use.
Physical Access: Researchers must use microfilm copy. Researchers must handle unprotected photographs with gloves. Researchers must use reference copies of audiovisual materials. When no reference copy exists, the Archives Center staff will produce reference copies on an "as needed" basis, as resources allow.
Technical Access: Viewing the film portion of the collection without reference copies requires special appointment, please inquire; listening to audio discs requires special arrangement. Do not use original materials when available on reference video or audio tapes.
Rights:
Publication and production quality duplication is restricted due to complex copyright, publicity rights, and right to privacy issues. Potential users must receive written permission from appropriate rights holders prior to obtaining high quality copies. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
User copies: Audiotapes, open-reel, 7", 7-1/2 ips.
Container:
Box 1
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Videotapes
Audiotapes
Phonograph records
Date:
before 1985
Scope and Contents note:
Videotapes: Interview with Dodd, 31:58 running time; and copy of television program, "The Well-Traveled Trail."
6 phonograph recordings, with 4 open-reel audiotape copies made from the discs, plus abstracts of eleven "Outdoors with Ed Dodd" 15-minute radio programs, which aired weekly. They focus on conservation and human interaction with the natural world, and include camping tips. The tone of the program is informal, usually consisting of a brief conversation between the show's host, Peter Roberts, and Ed Dodd, creator of the "Mark Trail" comic strip. Occasionally there are identified guests.
General Note:
Records have label from Century Recording Studios.
Provenance:
Collection donated by Tom Elliott, date unknown; Ed Dodd, July 17, 1985 and Rosemary Wood Dodd, 1985.
Restrictions:
Unrestricted research access to abstracts and audiotapes, on site by appointment. Original phonograph records not available for reference use.
Rights:
Mark Trail copyright held by North American Syndicate.
The collection documents Shimomura's work with the Japanese American Citizens' League in its efforts to seek redress for the internment of citizens of Japanese descent during World War II. The collection contains correspondence, especially with various chapters of JACL; reports; meeting minutes; business and financial records; convention materials; writings, notes, speeches and testimony; newsletters; campaign materials; clippings and articles; and travel papers for a JACL delegation to Japan.
Arrangement:
Collection is unarranged.
Biographical / Historical:
Born in 1948, Shimomura graduated from the University of California, Davis, law school in 1973. He has worked for the State of California for most of his legal career. From 1982 to 1984 he was President of the Japanese American Citizens League (JACL). During his presidency he worked to seek redress for citizens of Japanese descent who were interned during World War II.
Related Materials:
William Marutani Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Provenance:
Donated to the Archives Center by Floyd Shimomura in 2016.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Japanese Americans -- Forced removal and internment -- 1942-1945 Search this
Concentration camps -- 1942-1945 -- United States Search this
Genre/Form:
Correspondence -- 1980-1990
Articles -- 1980-1990
Writings -- 1980-1990
Speeches -- 1980-1990
Minutes -- 1980-1990
Financial records -- 1980-1990
Clippings -- 1980-1990
Business records -- 1980-1990
Reports -- 1980-1990
Newsletters -- 1980-1990
Citation:
Floyd Shimomura Papers, 1978-2004 (bulk 1981-1984), Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.1376
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
The Magellan Systems Corporation Records document various aspects of the development of several different Magellan GPS devices through engineering, research, design, manufacturing, and marketing records. Magellan Systems Corporation introduced the first hand-held differential GPS product and the conpany's focus was on research, product engineering, and design activities for GPS receivers. The collection includes correspondence and internal company reports and memoranda; design drawings; research notes; engineering notebooks, technical notes, schematics; photographs, slides and negatives; video and audiocassettes; advertisements; product literature, magazine articles and newspaper clippings; press releases; and user guides and manuals.
Scope and Contents:
The Magellan Systems Corporation Records document various aspects of the development of Magellan GPS devices, including the engineering, research, design, manufacturing, and marketing of the devices. The collection includes correspondence and internal company reports and memoranda; design drawings; research notes; engineering notebooks, technical notes, schematics; photographs, slides and negatives; video and audiocassettes; advertisements; product literature, magazine articles and newspaper clippings; press releases; and user guides and manuals. In Series 1, Operational Materials, Subseries 3, Weekly Reports, 1988-1996, provides an excellent overview of the issues facing the company and what actions/decisions were made and in Series 3, Engineering and Product Development Materials, Subseries 8, Technical Product Development Seminars provide a good foundation for understanding what the product development staff accomplished.
The core team of players who developed, tested and brought to market the GPS devices included: Janice Jones Blankenhorn, Gary Barta, John Foukos, Randy Hoffman, Norm Hunt, Sab Ifune, Don Rea, Dennis Rich, Ed Tuck, Jon Vavrus, Larry Weill, Val Fife Wong, and James Yuan. The majority of the core team were software and hardware engineers as well as mechanical designers. Their energy, enthusiasm, vision, and unwillingness to fail produced the first handheld commercial GPS receiver in 1989 and Magellgan was the first company to make GPS devices affordable to consumers.
Series 1, Operational Materials, 1988-1993, is divided into four subseries: Subseries 1, Organizational Materials, 1988-1994; Subseries 2, Strategic and Operating Plans, 1989-1995; Subseries 3, Weekly Reports, 1988-1996; and Subseries 4, Company Newsletters, 1991-1992.
Subseries 1, Organizational Materials, 1988-1994, consists of an organizational chart detailing Magellan's corporate structure, a document discussing the communication and functional objectives of the company, and a company Christmas card. The Orbital Sciences Corporation profile was prepared by Alex. Brown and Sons Incorporated and provides an overview of the ORBCOMM system technology, a two-way data-only personal communications service.
Subseries 2, Strategic and Operating Plans, 1989-1995, consists of a variety of strategic and operational plans for the company. The plans are arranged chronologically.
Subseries 3, Weekly Reports, 1988-1996, consists of handwritten and typescript reports primarily from Randy Hoffman, president and CEO of Magellan and Gary Barta, Senior Engineer and Vice President of engineering. The reports document issues that include, personnel issues, product development, technological developments, military orders, investments, marketing and sales, financial issues, orders, resource activities, and future activities. The subseries is arranged chronologically and provides an excellent overview of the issues facing the company and what actions/decisions were made.
Subseries 4, Company Newsletters, 1991-1992, consists of two external company newsletters, The Global Navigator, 1991 and The Magellan Explorer, 1992. The Global Naviagtor was created for the marine market and was sent to all NAV PLUS owners as well as dealers.
Series 2, Correspondence, 1989-1994 and undated, is divided into two subseries: Subseries 1, Customer Correspondence, 1989-1993 and Subseries 2, Business Correspondence, 1989-1994 and undated. The customer-related correspondence consists of letters from users of Magellan GPS units (primarily maritime-related) and their feedback about the product. Some color photographs are included. The business-related correspondence consists of records of conversations, invoices, suggestions for strategic planning, correspondence between Randy Hoffman and the Boundary Found, and the agreement and plan for the merger of Orbital Sciences Corporation and Magellan Corporation in 1994.
Series 3, Engineering and Product Development Materials, 1978-1998, consists of ten subseries: Subseries 1, Product Development, 1989-1994; Subseries 2, Engineering Notebooks, 1987-1996; Subseries 3, Technical Notes, 1978-1994; Subseries 4, Breadboard Design, 1986-1994; Subseries 5, First Generation (NAV 1000/NAV 1200), 1985-1994; Subseries 6, Second Generation, 1988-1996; Subseries 7, Third Generation, 1986-1994; Subseries 8, Swiss Army Chip (SAC) Development, 1987-1995; Subseries 9, Technical Products Development Seminars, 1997-1998; Subseries 10, Specifications, 1992-1994 and Subseries 11, TriQuint Semiconductor Materials, 1986-1992.
Subseries 1, Product Development, 1989-1994, consists of documentation related to product development at Magellan. There are sketches for the third generation of GPS products, descriptive materials for the Meridian Plus and third generation receiver, testing data from the Forest Service using GPS in the wilderness near Missoula, Montana, and position description for the director of product engineering at Magellan outlining the skills and responsibilities.
Subseries 2, Engineering Notebooks, 1987-1996, consists of bound, paginated and handwritten notebooks belonging to two Magellan engineers, Janice Jones Blankenhorn, senior software engineer and Don Rea, director of engineering. Each of Don Rea's notebooks contains a page of handwritten annotations made in 2010 describing the contents. Don Rea's 1987 notebook contains documentation on the original Magellan breadboard, custom digital chip (SAC 1), and the digital board design and test, all of which deal with the first generation of the NAV 1000. Rea's 1986 and 1988 notebook contains information about the first generation of software used, GaAS chips, radio frequency (RF) board, second generation (NAV 5000), design work for Swiss Army Chips (SACs), SAC2 digital chip, SAC2B, and the SAC3 chip. Don Rea's 1993-1995 notebook contains notes on the testing of the SAC5, SAC5M and SAC6 custom digital integrated circuit for the third generation.
Subseries 3 Technical Notes, 1978-1994, consists of handwritten and typescript notes of Gary Barta, Janice Jones Blankenhorn, John Foufos, Janice Intyre, Don Rea, Larry Weill, and James Yuan. Where possible, file level information about what the notes relate to and the Magellan staff member who wrote the notes is listed. Much of the documentation consists of equations, algorithms, sketches, block diagrams, and narrative describing processes and research. The subseries is loosely arranged chronologically.
Subseries 4, Breadboard Design, 1986-1994, consists of memoranda, technical notes, drawings, and sketches detailing the radio frequency breadboard design. Magellan's first-generation breadboard, circa 1987, was developed by the team of Janice Jones Blankenhorn, Val Fife Wong, Ed Tuck, Norm Hunt, Sab Ifune, Gary Barta, Larry Weill, Randy Hoffman, and Don Rea.
Subseries 5, First Generation (NAV 1000/NAV 1200), 1985-1994, consists of technical notes, design notes, memoranda, drawings, and blueprints documenting the development of the first generation (primarily the NAV 1000/NAV 1200), handheld GPS unit produced by Magellan. The first generation of GPS were single channel receivers and were quite simple. The NAV 1000 was 8.75" x 3.5" x 2.25" and weighed only 1.5 pounds. The NAV 1000 converted GPS satellite information into a satellite/navigation (sat/nav) positioning. It used Gallium arsenide (GaAs) a compound of the elements gallium and arsenic, and monolithic microwave integrated circuit (MMIC) technology to reduce its size and power consumption. GaAs is a semiconductor used in the manufacture of devices such as microwave frequency integrated circuits, monolithic microwave integrated circuits, infrared light-emitting diodes, laser diodes, solar cells, and optical windows. The device sold for approximately $3,000 dollars.
Subseries 6, Second Generation, 1988-1996, consists of technical notes, design notes, memorandums, drawings, and blueprints documenting the development of the second generation (primarily the NAV 5000) handheld GPS unit produced by Magellan. The NAV 5000 used five channels working simultaneously to locate and collect data from GPS satellites. The units GaAs circuitry rapidly processed the data received from the satellites to compute current location, altitude, velocity and navigation in under one minute. The NAV 5000 was designed primarily for marine use. Other second generation products included: OEM Brain, OEM 1/2 Brain, Nav 500 Pro, NAV 100M5, Skaynav, Fieldpro, NAV 5200 PM, NAV 5000A, NAV 5000D, DX, DLX, Pro mark V, and the Map 7000.
Subseries 7, Third Generation, 1986-1994, consists of technical notes for the development of the third generation (primarily Meridian and Trailblazer models) of Magellan GPS devices. Third generation models were intended for the lower end of the GPS market and were compact hand-held (size, weight, battery life) and a retail price that was reasonable. Other third generation devices included: the meridian, Trailblazer, AIV10 OEM, Skatblazer, NAV 6500 PM, Meridian/TB/SB XL, NAV 1200 Pm, NAV 1200 XL PM, NAV DLX 10, Promark X, and the Pro Mark X-CM.
Subseries 8, Swiss Army Chip (SAC) Development, 1987-1995, consists of technical notes, diagrams and drawings, and specifications for the development of a digital chip used in Magellan GPS products. Don Rea and Norm Hunt of Magellan are credited with naming the chip. The chip combined several elements--GPS DPS channels, correalators, real time clock, alarm timer, interval timer, keyboard interface, display interface, precise timing, power sequencing, memory decoding, code generators, and beeper driver, to name a few--which allowed the development team reduce the overall power, size, and cost of the chip. Magellan outsourced the manufacture of the SAC.
Subseries 9, Technical Products Development Seminars, 1997-1998, consists of documentation for nine seminars in a series of technology seminars initiated by the product develpment group at Magellan. The seminars were created to keep all staff up to date on past, present, and future technology developments at Magellan. The nine seminars cover the history of Magellan GPS technology and address specific areas of development such as antennas, circuits, signal processing, software, navigation needs, and radio frequency. Other information includes tables providing comparisons for the first, second, and third generations, timelines, SAC chip characteristics, and product shipping dates. The seminars provide a good foundation for understanding what the product development staff accomplished. Researchers should consult Series 8 which documents some of the technical seminars.
Subseries 10, Specifications, 1992-1994, consists of preliminary, functional, and system requirements describing technical characteristics for several Magellan products.
Subseries 11, TriQuint Semiconductor Materials, 1986-1992, consists of materials documenting TriQuint Semiconductor, Inc.'s work. TriQuint was a division of Tektroninix, Inc., a manufacturer of analog and mixed signal gallium arsenide (GaAs) integrated circuit products. TriQuint supplied custom radio frequency (RF) and Gallium arsenide (GaAs) chips for Magellan's hand-held GPS systems and tested its chips. Documentation includes trip summaries and observations to TriQuint by Don Rea, a Magellan engineer as well as technical drawings, memorandums, development schedules, invoices, purchase orders, and tests results, production quantity and costs, and specifications. In 1986, Don Rea met Gary Barta, then principal engineer at TriQuint through his frequent visits to the company. Barta led the engineeering development of the an integrated circuit which combined the GPS L-band low-noise pre-amplifier, UHF local oscillator, down converter and high speed digital divisers on a single gallium-arsenide chip. Nothing like this had been done before for a cost senstive commerical application. Barta later joined Magellan in November 1988 as Vice President of Engineering and made the chip he had designed actually work in the environment of a hand-held product.
Series 4, Marketing and Promotional Materials, 1985-1997, is divided into six subseries: Subseries 1, Market Research, 1985-1993 and undated; Subseries 2, Product Literature, circa 1990s; Subseries 3, Advertisements, 1988-1995 and undated; Subseries 4, Press Releases, 1988-1996; Subseries 5, Presentation Materials, 1990-[1997?] and undated; and Subseries 6, Newspaper and Magazine Clippings, 1988-1996 and undated. The series consists of product literature, advertisements, press releases, presentation materials, and newspaper and magazine clippings about Magellan products as well as competitors.
Subseries 1, Market Research, 1985-1993 and undated, consists of market research data in the form of reports prepared by Merrill Lynch, Simmons Market Research Bureau, J & H Instruments, and others, directed interviews and focus group data. There are directed interviews and discussion documentation from 1986 with Coast Guard Rescue, survival trainers, surveyors, hunters, harbor patrols, expeditionists, and mountaineer trainers providing detailed feedback into experiences with the product. The focus group information consists of transcribed interviews, survey text, selection criteria, participant lists, invoices, and technical drawings and mock-ups for the marine, outdoor and hunting markets.
Subseries 2, Product Literature, circa 1990s, consists of one file folder of product information sheets detailing specifics about Magellan products such as the NAV 1000, NAV 5000DX, NAV 1000 PRO/Geolink, NAV 5200, NAV 1000M, Meridian GPS, ProMARK V, GPS 2000, and the Global Satellite Communicator (GSC) 100.
Subseries 3, Advertisements, 1988-1995 and undated, consists of point of purchase ads, artwork and transfer designs for Magellan products. There are some oversize drawings (copies of blueprints) with the transfer design materials.
Subseries 4, Press Releases, 1988-1996, consists of press releases and one press kit containing biographies of staff members, black-and-white prints of Randy D. Hoffman, President and Chief Executive Officer, prints of the NAV 1000, and press releases introducing the NAV 1000. The marine outdoor press releases also contain 1993 dealer price lists for the Trailblazer, Meridian, NAV 5000DX, NAV 5200DX, and the mimimum advertised price policy for 1993.
Subseries 5, Presentation Materials, 1990-[1997?], consists primarily of staff presentation materials used to promote Magellan products. There is one bound presentation, Magellan Systems Corporation Management Presentation, undated, prepared by Merrill Lynch, that provides documentation about the company (an overview), market segments, competition, sales and marketing, product development, technology, manufacturing, and a financial overview.
Subseries 6, Newspaper and Magazine Clippings, 1988-1996 and undated, consists primarily of magazine articles. The articles appeared in a variety of publications and included Defense Electronics, Southern Boating, Maritime Reporter, Cruising World, Boating the Journal of the Sport, International Defense Review, and Navigation News. The subseries is arranged chronologically.
Series 5, User Guides and Manuals, 1989-2005 and undated, consists of training, reference, and user guides for the consumer who purchased Magellan products. The guides are primarily spiral bound and some are annotated. Multiple copies of some years exist. The series is arranged chronologically.
Series 6, Financial Materials, 1991-1995 and undated, consists of stock information, a Securities and Exchange Commission registration statement, correspondence, registration rights agreements, preferred stock purchase agreements, agreement and plan of merger documents between Magellan Corporation and Orbital Sciences Corporation (November 1994), and two floppy discs (3 1/2" and 5") containing information about the company and its staff.
Series 7, Photographs and Slides, 1987-1995 and undated, consists of slides, negatives, transparencies, and color and black-and-white prints of Magellan products. Many of the images document early product concepts, and there are some promotional and publicity materials. There is one folder of photographs with images of employees from 1989.
Series 8, Audiovisual Materials, 1991-1998 and undated, consists of 1/2" VHS, BETA Cam SP, and 8 mm video cassettes documenting technical seminars presented by Magellan Systems Corporation staff and instances of Magellan products featured in news segments. Researchers consult the technical seminar documentation in Series 3, Engineering and Product Development Materials. The series is arranged chronologically.
Arrangement:
Collection arranged into eight series.
Series 1, Operational Materials, 1988-1993
Subseries 1, Organizational Materials, 1988-1994
Subseries 2, Strategic and Operating Plans, 1989-1995
Subseries 3, Weekly Reports, 1988-1996
Subseries 4, Company Newsletters, 1991-1992
Series 2, Correspondence, 1989-1994 and undated
Series 3, Engineering and Product Development Materials, 1978-1998
Subseries 1, Product Development, 1989-1994
Subseries 2, Engineering Notebooks, 1987-1996
Subseries 3, Technical Notes, 1978-1994
Subseries 4, Breadboard Design, 1986-1994
Subseries 5, First Generation (NAV 1000/NAV 1200), 1985-1994
Subseries 6, Second Generation (NAV 5000), 1988-1996
Subseries 7, Third Generation, 1986-1994
Subseries 8, Swiss Army Chip (SAC) Development, 1987-1995
Subseries 9, Technical Product Development Seminars, 1997-1998
Subseries 10, Specifications, 1992-1994
Subseries 11, TriQuint Semiconductor, 1986-1992
Series 4, Marketing and Promotional Materials, 1985-1997
Subseries 1, Market Research, 1985-1993 and undated
Subseries 2, Product Literature, circa 1990s
Subseries 3, Advertisements, 1988-1995 and undated
Subseries 4, Press Releases, 1988-1996
Subseries 5, Presentation Materials, 1990-[1997?]
Subseries 6, Newspaper and Magazine Clippings, 1988-1996 and undated
Series 5, User Guides and Manuals, 1989-2005 and undated
Series 6, Financial Materials, 1991-1995 and undated
Series 7, Photographs and Slides, 1987-1995 and undated
Series 8, Audiovisual Materials, 1991-1998 and undated
Biographical / Historical:
Ed Tuck of the Boundary Fund, a venture capital firm specializing in technologies founded the Magellan Systems Corporation in 1986 and served as its director from 1986 to 1993. Tuck assembled the initial team of Norm Hunt, Larry Weill, Val Wong, and Sab Ifune to conduct a feasibility study in early 1986 to pursue commercial markets for products based on global positioning system (GPS) technology. Magellan introduced the first handheld commercial GPS receiver in 1989 and was the first company to make GPS devices affordable to consumers. Magellan introduced the first handheld commercial GPS receiver in 1989 and was the first company to make GPS devices affordable to consumers. The company successfully introduced GPS products into the marine, professional, military and automotive and general aviation markets.
The Global Positioning System (GPS) began as a United States Department of Defense Program in the 1960s with a navy system known as Transit (first satellite navigation system). Two other projects soon followed, Timation (satellite to broadcast accurate time reference) and Air Force Project 612B, which began in the 1970s. In 1973, the development of the Navigation Signal Timing and Ranging Global Positioning System (NAVSTAR) began under the management of the Air Force. Designed by the military, the system provided twenty-four positioning satellites under all- weather conditions using passive (non-transmitting) receivers. This kept a user's presence from being detected as a result of the receiver. Although primarily for military use, the system also offered a less-precise coded signal for civilian use.
GPS uses a group of twenty-four earth-orbiting satellites which broadcast continuously. The data being broadcast can be processed by a portable receiver to determine a user's position, velocity and time. GPS has three parts: 1) space part with twenty-four satellites; 2) ground part with monitor and 3) user part with receivers that process the signals and calculate position.
In the spring of 1986, the Magellan team published a specification for a custom mixed signal RF (radio frequency) integrated circuit and by fall 1986, had a breadboard (used in prototyping of electronics) and began software development and testing. Magellan focused its research, product engineering, and design activities on the development of GPS receivers that were application-specific, software-intensive, reliable, lower power, easy to use, and affordable.
From 1986 to 1988, the Boundary Fund provided the venture capital for feasibility studies and the initital product design. By 1988, the company occupied its first stand-alone facility in Monrovia, California with thirty-five employees. In May 1989, the company's first product, the NAV 1000, shipped, and in that same year, the company entered the military market with the NAV 1000M. The company entered the professional market in January 1990 with the NAV 1000 PRO, the world's first hand-held GPS product. By 1991, Magellan moved to a new facility in Dimas, California and introduced advanced five-channel technology. It also incorporated in the United Kingdom (UK) as Magellan Systems to handle product distribution in the rest of the UK and Europe.
The SkyNAV 5000 was introduced in 1992 for the general aviation market, and in the same year, hand-held differential GPS technology for the marine market appeared. Magellan was purchased by Orbital Sciences Corporation in 1994. In 2001, Thales Group purchased the Magellan division of Orbital Sciences, and the company became known as Thales Navigation. In 2006, a private equity firm, Shah Capital Partners, and other investors purchased Thales Navigation, and the company was officially renamed Magellan Navigation. Magellan (also known as MiTAC Digital Corporation) is a wholly-owned subsidiary of MiTAC International Corporation and promotes and sells products and services under the Magellan brand name. Magellan is headquartered in Santa Clara, California.
Related Materials:
The Division of Work and Industry holds related artifacts (GPS receivers, computer electronics boards, computer chips, antennas, packaging, components, circuit boards, keyboards, a Swiss Army Chip (SAC), and receiver brackets). See Accession numbers 2010.0117; 2010.0118; 2010.0151; 2010.0152; 2010.0153; 2010.0154 and 2010.0155.
Provenance:
Donated to the Archives Center in 2010, by MiTAC Digital Corporation through Michael Williams, Director of Marketing and Gary Barta, Janice Itnyre, Jean Tuck McGregor, Donald Rea, Edward F. Tuck, Lawrence R. Weill, and James P. White.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning intellectual property rights. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
International Battle of the Bands, Inc. Search this
Extent:
32 Cubic feet (88 boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Audiotapes
Audiovisual materials
Business records
Certificates
Music videos
Scrapbooks
Black-and-white photographic prints
Videotapes
Place:
Nashville (Tenn.) -- Music -- 20th century
Date:
1981-1998.
Summary:
Business records, scrapbooks, audio disks, videotape, audio tape, and photographs documenting the business and entertainment activities at the International Battle of the Bands.
Scope and Contents note:
The International Battle of the Bands Records, 1981 - 1998, consists of a varied compilation of business records, advertising materials, scrapbooks, photographs, original video footage, and audio recordings. The Battle of the Bands Records document all aspects related to the production, advertising, and promotion of the regional, final, and future competitions
Arrangement:
The collection is divided into seven series.
Series 1.1: International Battle of the Bands, 1981
Series 1.2: International Battle of the Bands, 1982
Series 1.3: International Battle of the Bands, 1983
Series 1.4: International Battle of the Bands, 1984
Series 1.5: International Battle of the Bands, 1985
Series 1.6: International Battle of the Bands, 1986
Series 1.7: International Battle of the Bands, 1987-1988
Series 1.8: International Battle of the Bands, 1989
Series 2.1: International Battle of the Bands Publishing, 1981
Series 2.2: International Battle of the Bands Publishing, 1982
Series 2.3: International Battle of the Bands Publishing, 1983
Series 2.4: International Battle of the Bands Publishing, 1984
Series 2.1: International Battle of the Bands Publishing, 1985
Series 3.1: International Battle of the Bands Recording, 1981-1986
Series 3.2: International Battle of the Bands Recording, 45s,
Series 3.3: International Battle of the Bands Recording, LPs, 1982-1986
Series 3.4: International Battle of the Bands Recording, Reel to Reel, 1981-1986
Series 3.5: International Battle of the Bands Recording, Cassettes, 1981-1986
Series 4: Photographs and Negatives, 1981-1986
Series 5: Videos, 1981-1993
Series 6: Card Files, 1981-1987
Series 7: Awards and Certificates, 1982-1990
Biographical/Historical note:
The International Battle of the Bands Corporation (IBB) was a Nashville-based promotion founded in 1975 by Mr. Jerry Free. Free, an Ohio native born in 1939, is currently Vice President and General manager of United Gunite Construction, where he began working in 1972. Before he founded the International Battle of the Bands, Free began his professional career as a door-to-door salesman for Look magazine. He remained at Look for 13 years, working his way up to a position on the board of directors in 1968.
Free's battle of the bands concept was not a new idea. Staged competitions between bands had been part of American popular music for most of the 20th century. The purpose of these competitions was to draw audiences to the theaters and music halls where bands would perform during the late afternoons and evenings. These events were a common occurrence in the swing era of the 1930s, as well as in Rhythm and Blues and Jazz in the 1940s and 50s. In the early days of Rock & Roll, fledgling music groups often achieved recognition by winning these types of contests. This local exposure sometimes led to regional and even national recognition. The idea of bringing attention to local artists served as the basis for the International Battle of the Bands. It was referred to by Free as the Agreatest search for new talent. Introducing the band competition into the age of televised coverage and corporate sponsorship enabled Free to take an old idea and transform it into a national enterprise.
With the backing of Seagram=s Seven the International Battle of the Bands Contest got its formal start in 1981. In association with the publishing and recording division of the IBB corporation, the International Battle of the Bands contest was developed with the purpose of discovering and promoting new country music talent. The contest was structured with a series of local and regional competitions, leading up to the Grand Finals held each year, with the exception of 1988, in Nashville, Tennessee. The 1988 finals that were held in Panama City Beach, Florida.
Local auditions were held in IBB affiliated clubs in 50 select cities throughout the United States. Winners of local contests moved on to regional competitions with hopes of reaching the Grand Finals and a chance of a recording contract with IBB records and a one year booking contract with Buddy Lee attractions. While remaining relatively low key in its early years, the IBB Grand Finals were broadcast to a national television audience in a 90 minute program hosted by Sammy Davis, Jr. and Louise Mandrell in 1986.
Provenance:
Collection donated by Jerry D. Free, December 16, 1998.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Some materials are restricted until 2050. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Use of archival audiovisual recordings with no duplicate access copy requires advance notice. Use of original papers requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
The donor has retained all intellectual property rights, including copyright, that they may own.
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Robert Wiegand papers and video art, 1953-1994. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Sponsor:
Funding for the processing of this collection was provided by by a grant from the Mellon Foundation through the Council of Library and Information Resources' Hidden Collections grant program.
1 Videocassettes (U-matic) (Duration 20 minutes
, on label "non-TBC'd copy of Master")
Container:
Box 7, Folder 4
Type:
Archival materials
Moving Images [31027000762563]
Videocassettes (vhs)
Videocassettes (u-matic)
Date:
circa 1985
Collection Restrictions:
Use of archival audiovisual recordings with no duplicate access copy requires advance notice. Use of original papers requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
The donor has retained all intellectual property rights, including copyright, that they may own.
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Robert Wiegand papers and video art, 1953-1994. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Sponsor:
Funding for the processing of this collection was provided by by a grant from the Mellon Foundation through the Council of Library and Information Resources' Hidden Collections grant program.
1 Videocassettes (U-matic) (Duration 15 minutes, Tape title reads "Video Demo #1" and tape label lists "Basic Electricity, Killian Setup, The Tenbe Bag, Snapshots for an Indian Day, Madama Butterfly.")
Container:
Box 10, Folder 2
Type:
Archival materials
Moving Images [31027000762753]
Videocassettes (u-matic)
Date:
circa 1985
Collection Restrictions:
Use of archival audiovisual recordings with no duplicate access copy requires advance notice. Use of original papers requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
The donor has retained all intellectual property rights, including copyright, that they may own.
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Robert Wiegand papers and video art, 1953-1994. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Sponsor:
Funding for the processing of this collection was provided by by a grant from the Mellon Foundation through the Council of Library and Information Resources' Hidden Collections grant program.
First 10 minutes is the Demo Tape without the narration on "Demo #1", the rest of the tape is the remnants of Wiegand's Elevator training tape.
Collection Restrictions:
Use of archival audiovisual recordings with no duplicate access copy requires advance notice. Use of original papers requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
The donor has retained all intellectual property rights, including copyright, that they may own.
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Robert Wiegand papers and video art, 1953-1994. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Sponsor:
Funding for the processing of this collection was provided by by a grant from the Mellon Foundation through the Council of Library and Information Resources' Hidden Collections grant program.
1 Videocassettes (VHS) (Duration 11 minutes, 30 seconds. , Tape label reads "Demo Teach Master." Index card found with tape states the contents "Nature, Bombay footage (Snapshots), Vocal group (ArtsMag), Dee Willis Genesis and Interview (Angelique), IBM, Nan Martin and The Sentence (NYU).")
1 Videocassettes (VHS) (Duplicate)
Container:
Box 10, Folder 4
Type:
Archival materials
Moving Images [31027000762753]
Videocassettes (vhs)
Date:
circa 1985
Collection Restrictions:
Use of archival audiovisual recordings with no duplicate access copy requires advance notice. Use of original papers requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
The donor has retained all intellectual property rights, including copyright, that they may own.
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Robert Wiegand papers and video art, 1953-1994. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Sponsor:
Funding for the processing of this collection was provided by by a grant from the Mellon Foundation through the Council of Library and Information Resources' Hidden Collections grant program.
Arthur Ehrat invented and patented a breakaway basketball rim, fashioning his prototypes from bolts, metal braces and one key part: a piece of the heavy-duty coil spring on a John Deere cultivator. His invention helped to revolutionize the way basketball is played because players could slam dunk the ball with fewer injuries and without bending the rims or breaking backboards. This collection includes correspondence, legal documents --such as patent papers, litigation files and licensing agreements --photographs and sketches that relate to the basketball invention, as well as materials regarding his two field spreader patents and other invention ideas.
Scope and Contents:
The collection is divided into five series and consists of approximately seven cubic feet.
This collection includes correspondence and legal documents--such as patent papers, litigation files and licensing agreements--that relate to Arthur Ehrat's basketball goal, as well as materials regarding his field spreader patents and other invention ideas. The bulk of the collection is made up of attorney correspondence, patent infringement documents, and patent licensing documents. The collection also contains handwritten notes by Arthur Ehrat and his attorneys, sketches of his inventions, an oral history interview, and photographs.
Attorney McPherson Moore sent many of the legal documents and correspondence to Ehrat. These documents were assembled by the law firms for which Moore worked. The original order has been preserved.
The correspondence consists of letters from attorney McPherson Moore to Ehrat and from Moore or his associates to other attorneys regarding litigation, pending licensing agreements, and other actions. The correspondence contains handwritten notes, promotional materials for sporting goods companies, drafts of legal documents, copies of patents and other enclosures. The majority of the correspondence is copies.
Correspondence found throughout the collection is key to understanding the legal documents because it provides insight into the legal negotiations behind the settlement and licensing process, and the diligence necessary to protect a viable patent from infringement. Correspondence should be read in conjunction with litigation and licensing documents to gain a better sense of the negotiations between attorneys and how and why the legal documents were created.
Throughout this collection, reference is made to legal terms, including pleadings, production documents, discovery, patent infringement, file histories, and Bates numbers. Series 3, Civil Action and Settlement Records has numerous sets of pleadings, which are the legal documents filed in a lawsuit. These documents encompass complaints, petitions, answers, motions, declarations, and memoranda.
The discovery process is the effort of one party to a lawsuit to get information from the other party prior to a trial. This is done through depositions, requests for or production of documents, and interrogatories (written questions to the other party).6
Bates numbers --named after the Bates Automatic Numbering Machine patented in the late 1800s --are used to identify documents with a unique number. The parties to a lawsuit use these numbers to keep papers in order when they are sent to the other party during discovery. This collection contains sets of production documents stamped with Bates numbers. (See Series 3, Subseries 8: Ehrat v. Icon, Proform and K's Merchandise, 1984-1996)7
Patent infringement is "the manufacture and/or use of an invention or improvement for which someone else owns a patent issued by the government, without obtaining permission of the owner of the patent by contract, license or waiver."8
A patent file history (also called a file wrapper) is a folder maintained by the United States Patent and Trademark Office. It contains all of the correspondence and documents from a patent application.9 See Series 2, Subseries 2 for the file history of Ehrat's United States Patent No. 4,365,802.
Series 1: Background Materials, 1968-2005, 2011
This series, which is further divided into three subseries, comprises oral history interviews, early sketches of Ehrat's basketball goal, articles about slam dunking, Ehrat's breakaway rim, correspondence and notes, income and expense records (including legal expenses), photographs and facsimiles of photographs, and invoices from the components Ehrat purchased when he created prototypes. One receipt documents the heater Bob Copelin purchased for his new shed in 1975, around the time Ehrat began inventing. This was significant when Ehrat was trying to prove to the United States Patent Office that he had his idea before Frederick Tyner.
Subseries 1: Ehrat History, 1968-2005
Correspondence in this subseries includes a handwritten list of possible names for the basketball rim, one which Ehrat titled, "The Rebounder Has Been Tested." The correspondence also contains copies of letters sent to the United States Patent Office intended to prove that Ehrat's rim was unique; a letter from National Basketball Association saying that, after testing, it is going to use Kenneth Mahoney's (Toss Back) rim instead of Ehrat's; letters from basketball halls of fame; and copies of e-mail from the Smithsonian. This subseries has an original sketch of Ehrat's basketball goal with annotations. Also included is a 1 D2" VHS tape of Ehrat explaining the components he used to fashion his first breakaway rim prototypes and a news segment in which Ehrat was interviewed about his invention at the Chicago Board of Trade. The audio and video recordings contain some repetition of information.
Subseries 2: Photographs and Clippings, 1973-2005
Color photocopies of photographs depicting early rims; a birthday gathering for Ehrat's father, William Ehrat, circa 1974-1975 (used to help prove that he was working on the rim before Frederick Tyner); Ehrat giving a rim to Virden High School; Ehrat with sportscaster Dick Vitale; and a studio shot of his daughters, Rose, Jo, Sharon, Jane, and Linda.
Three photographs in this subseries show prototype rims with coil springs. Ehrat holds up one of these photographs in the video history, but he does not discuss the photographs' origin. There are no markings of any kind on the photographs.
Subseries 2 also contains field photographs taken by John Fleckner, National Museum of American History staff, in May 2005. Field photographs include: the grain elevator Ehrat managed; rim prototypes; and a donated rim hanging on the gym wall at Virden High School.
Articles in this subseries are from the Virden Recorder, The State Journal-Register, Chicago Tribune, The Wall Street Journal, and Kentucky Living. The topics covered include collapsible rims and breakaway rims; Ehrat and his invention; and the Smithsonian Institution's interest in the breakaway rim. Also included is a clipping from Farmers Elevator Co.'s meeting minutes from December 15, 1973, in which the board voted to relinquish rights to any patent or product created by Ehrat.
Subseries 3: Oral History Interview, 2005
A May, 2005, interview of Ehrat by John Fleckner at Ehrat's home in Virden, IL. Ehrat discusses his background, attorney Ralph Staubly, basketball rims he built, and a slam dunk contest that his nephew Randy Albrecht helped organize in the early 1980s at St. Louis Community College. Subseries 3 also contains Digital video disks (DVD) in which Ehrat discusses the documents he sent to the Archives Center, National Museum of American History. There is some repetition of topics discussed in the audio and video recordings.
Series 2: Patent Records for Basketball Rim, 1865-1984 (bulk 1970s-1984)
This series, divided into four subseries, contains copies of patents used as research or as prior art for Ehrat's patent application, a file history of the patent, correspondence/notes from Ehrat and his attorneys, and legal papers sent from Ehrat's first attorney, Ralph Staubly, to McPherson Moore.
Subseries 1: Ehrat and Dittrich Patents, 1979-1984
Copies of Ehrat's United States Patent No. 4,365,802, deformation-preventing swingable mount for basketball goals and William Dittrich's two patents, United States Patent No. 4,151,989, basketball practice device and United States Patent No. 4,465,277, basketball goal structure.
Subseries 2: Research and File History, 1865-1984
The complete patent file history consists of a list of actions taken (rejections, appeals, civil action filed) on the patent application for United States Patent No. 4,365,802. Pages 19-23 are copies of letters sent to United States Patent Office to establish the rim's unique qualities after the examiner's interference search found Frederick Tyner's patent (United States Patent No. 4,111, 420, Energy-absorbing basketball goal/backboard unit) and ruled Ehrat's invention was too similar.
Subseries 3: Correspondence and Notes, 1976-1984
Two sets of letters from acquaintances. The first set, 1977-1978, was sent to the United States Patent Office and provide a sense of the invention's unique quality. The second set, 1983-1984, consists of letters written by Ehrat's friends and was used in Basketball Products International and Ehrat v. Mt. Vernon School District and Porter (Series 3, Subseries 1) to establish that Ehrat had his breakaway rim idea before Frederick Tyner. A letter in the correspondence folder for this litigation, dated February 23, 1984, mentions that copies of these letters were sent to Basketball Products International. Also in this subseries is a transcript of a phone conversation between Ehrat and attorney McPherson Moore about when Ehrat had the idea for a breakaway rim and who knew about it.
Subseries 4: Files from Ehrat's First Attorney, Ralph Staubly, 1976-1982
Includes the file about Ehrat sent from Ralph Staubly to McPherson Moore when Ehrat changed legal representation in 1983. The folder contains originals, copies, and drafts of documents sent to the United States Patent Office, some with annotations. Also included is a high school basketball rulebook, 1977-1978, and the notes Ralph Staubly used to write an affidavit for Ehrat's patent application in which Ehrat swears he invented before Frederick Tyner.
Series 3: Civil Action and Settlement Records, 1984-1996
This series is divided into eight subseries. It contains full and partial sets of case pleadings, with pleadings indices, from eight court cases, attorney correspondence and notes, depositions of Ehrat and Frederick Tyner, case judgments, and signed settlements.
In 1984, Ehrat and Basketball Products International were plaintiffs or defendants together in five civil action lawsuits that involved sporting goods companies, including Porter Equipment Company, Gared Company, and Toss Back. These lawsuits and their correspondence should be consulted in conjunction with one another.
Subseries 1: Basketball Products International and Ehrat v. Mt. Vernon School District and Porter, 1984
Civil action, February 1984-June 1984: The complaint alleges patent infringement by sporting goods company Porter for manufacturing products embodying the invention, and infringement by Mt. Vernon School District (WA) for purchasing Porter basketball goals. Action dismissed June 11, 1984. This subseries contains the subpoena and deposition of Frederick Tyner regarding United States Patent No. 4,111, 420, Energy-absorbing basketball goal/backboard unit. It also contains plaintiff's exhibits, numbered 1-31, which include Tyner's notes, documents, and facsimiles of photographs related to his patented basketball goal.
Subseries 2: Porter Equipment Company v. Basketball Products International and Ehrat, 1984
Civil action, April 1984-June 1984: The complaint alleges that Ehrat's and Basketball Products International's patents are invalid and unenforceable and that Porter and Mt. Vernon School District did not infringe. Porter calls for dismissal or transfer of the case. The pleadings index for Vol. 1 has a note at the bottom that says "Start Vol. 2," but Vol. 2 is not in the collection.
Subseries 3: Gared Company v. Basketball Products International and Ehrat, 1984-1988
Civil action, March 1984-October 1984: This action is in response to letters sent by attorney McPherson Moore threatening a lawsuit if Gared Company does not cease manufacture of infringing goals. Gared Company files a complaint for declaratory judgment, calling the patent invalid and alleging unfair competition. A stipulated dismissal of complaint was signed by Moore and Ralph Kalish, Gared Company's legal counsel. Declaratory judgment is the judgment of a court which determines the rights of parties without ordering anything be done or awarding damages.
Of note in this subseries is the deposition of Ehrat regarding his involvement with Gared Company and the city of St. Louis, where the company is based. Gared Company's counsel, Ralph Kalish, asks Ehrat questions about his nephew, Randy Albrecht. Ehrat purchased 12 rims from Gared Company, on the advice of his nephew, for the purpose of building and testing his releasable basketball goals. Kalish tries to assess whether there was a profit motive and how Gared Company's goals factored into that.
Subseries 4: Basketball Products International and Ehrat v. Gared Company, 1984
Civil action, April 1984-June 1984: Complaint filed against Gared Company and Athletic Supply (which purchased Gared Company goals) for patent infringement. The case was dismissed.
Subseries 5: Basketball Products International and Ehrat v. Toss Back
Civil action, May 1984-June 1984: Complaint filed against Toss Back and the cities of Seattle and Tacoma (which purchased Toss Back basketball goals) for patent infringement. There is no evidence of a settlement or of court action. Toss Back signed a licensing agreement with Ehrat in 1985 (See Series 4, Licensing Agreements).
Subseries 6: Ehrat v. Gared Company and Nixdorff-Krein Industries, 1982-1990 (bulk 1987-1990)
Civil action, 1988-1990: Complaint filed against sports equipment company Gared and its parent company, Nixdorff-Krein Industries, for patent infringement. Request for passing case for settlement filed by Ehrat's attorney, McPherson Moore, and granted by the court. The signed settlement is in this subseries. This subseries has file histories of Gared Company patents. A file history (or file wrapper) is a folder kept at the United States Patent and Trademark Office that has all of the correspondence and documents from a patent application
Subseries 7: Ehrat v. Diversified Products, 1989-1994
Civil action, 1993: A complaint was filed against Diversified Products after a series of letters calling for the company to cease manufacture and sales of infringing basketball goals went unheeded. The parties were granted a consent judgment to settle out of court. The signed settlement is in this subseries.
Subseries 8: Ehrat v. Icon Health & Fitness Inc., Pro Form Fitness Products Inc., and K's Merchandise Mart, 1984-1996 (bulk 1994-1996)
The Icon Health & Fitness Inc. (hereinafter Icon) pleadings consist of two volumes, Vols. 2 and 3. Vol. 1 is missing. There is a draft of the first page of Ehrat's complaint against Icon in Box 9, Folder 3. A consent judgment was entered, and the parties settled out of court. The signed settlement is in this subseries.
There are two categories of production documents in this subseries, those for the plaintiff (three folders) and those for the defendant (seven folders), that have Bates numbers affixed to or printed on the bottom of the pages. Bates numbers are used to identify documents with a unique number. The parties to a lawsuit use these numbers to keep papers in order when they are sent to the other party during discovery.
The plaintiff's production documents include Bates numbers 1-205. Numbers 1-105 contain Ehrat's patent file history; numbers 107-205 are copies of Ehrat's licensing agreements through 1993.
In the defendant's production documents, one folder has Bates # I10001 and other numbered pages that are not in a particular order. Bates numbers I10068- I10882 include the file history for United States Patent No. 4,365,802, deformation-preventing swingable mount for basketball goals; correspondence among defendant's attorneys; copies of patents; and copies of licensing agreements through 1993.
Series 4: Licensing Agreements, 1982-2000 (bulk 1980s-1990s)
This series is divided into twenty-six subseries and encompasses materials pertaining to Ehrat's relationships with numerous companies that manufacture or sell sports equipment. These materials include correspondence and notes, licensing agreements and drafts of agreements, Dun and Bradstreet financial reports, catalogs, pamphlets, and other promotional materials. Ehrat and attorney McPherson Moore used the promotional materials to determine whether the companies were marketing or selling basketball goals that infringed on Ehrat's patent, then contacted the companies about licensing Ehrat's patent. With the exception of Subseries 1: Correspondence and Subseries 6: William Dittrich Patents, each subseries represents a different company.
To better understand Ehrat's relationships with these companies, researchers should consult Subseries 1: Correspondence, as well as the correspondence within specific subseries, in conjunction with licensing agreements and other documents in this series.
There are thirteen signed licensing agreements in this series, some of which bear original signatures. Ehrat's first licensee was with Basketball Products International, which signed an exclusive agreement in 1983. In November, 1984, after five civil action lawsuits in which Ehrat and Basketball Products International were either co-plaintiffs or co-defendants, the company signed a nonexclusive licensing agreement. Drafts of the agreements exist for some companies, but there is no evidence that the agreements were signed. In some cases, correspondence indicates which companies were not interested in entering into an agreement.
Ehrat's licensees include Huffy (signed May 1988); Basketball Products International, exclusive license (signed July 1983), nonexclusive license (signed November 1984); Toss Back (signed January 1985); Porter Equipment Company (signed 1985 and 1989); RDH Enterprises/Schutt (signed August 1991); Industrial Machine Specialties/Bison (signed January 1987); Lifetime Products (signed March 1989); Fisher-Price (owned by Quaker Oats, signed April 1988); Indian Industries/Harvard Sports (signed June 1991); McCullough (signed April 1990); and Sure Shot (signed March 1991).
Companies in this series without signed licensing agreements include Medart; Blazon-Flexible Flyer; Spang/Today's Kids; Sports and Leisure/Ideas That Sell; Wilson Sporting Goods; Hutch Sporting Goods; Aalco; Bergfeld Recreation; Future Pro; MacGregor; Pro-Bound; Architectural Design Products; and Hyland Engineering.
Settlements and licensing agreements that Ehrat signed with Gared Company, Diversified Products, and Icon appear only in Series 3, Civil Action and Settlement Records.
Subseries 6, William Dittrich Patents, contains correspondence and documents relating to the patent and royalty agreement Dittrich made with Ehrat in 1987. Dittrich had two basketball-related patents but had difficulty getting companies to license with him because there was confusion about his patents and those of Ehrat and Frederick Tyner. Dittrich contacted Ehrat's attorney, McPherson Moore, and they worked out an agreement. Ehrat acquired Dittrich's patents and they joined forces to attract licensing agreements and to split royalties and litigation settlements. Subseries 6 also has the transcript of a 1986 phone conference between William Dittrich and McPherson Moore regarding a possible joint agreement with Ehrat and the patent file history for United States Patent No. 4,151,989, basketball practice device. There is no file history for Dittrich's other patent, United States Patent No. 4,465,277, basketball goal structure, but there are pieces of the file history in this subseries. Subseries 6 also includes drafts and signed patent assignment papers and a signed licensing agreement between Ehrat and Dittrich, 1987.
Subseries 9, Lifetime Products, consists of itemized lists of attorney's fees from McPherson Moore for November 30, 1987, to February 28, 1989. The fees are for research, phone calls, photocopies, correspondence, and litigation documents for Ehrat v. Gared Company. The companies listed in these papers include Gared Company, Lifetime, Huffy, Fisher-Price, Sports and Leisure, Today's Kids, Toss Back, and Blazon.
Subseries 16, McCullough contains a Dunk-Kit (see Box 18), which Ehrat purchased in 1989. The Dunk-Kit is a set of springs and bolts that turn a set basketball goal into a breakaway goal. According to attorney McPherson Moore, the springs and bolts constituted an infringement of Ehrat's patent. McCullough disagreed with this assessment but eventually agreed to a monetary settlement.
Series 5: Field Spreader Patents and Other Ideas, 1977-2003
Subseries 1: Field Spreader Patents, 1977-2003
This subseries contains copies of Ehrat's two field spreader patents: United States Patent No. 4,358,054, field-sprayer tank-vehicle having means for on-site metering and mixing of soil-treating chemicals and United States Patent No. 4,588,127, material-spreading field vehicle having means for on-site metering and mixing of soil-treating chemicals. It also contains magazines, articles, and pamphlets on agricultural equipment and litigation documents between SoilTeq and Ag-Chem.
Subseries 2: Other Ideas, 1971-1998
In the late 1980s and early 1990s, Ehrat came up with ideas for other inventions, but none of them were patentable. This subseries has original sketches for "electric clippers with box for holding clippings;" a beverage can with multiple containers; and an "automobile refreshment temperature control." Included in the folders are letters that outline the ideas behind the inventions and the reasons they were not patented. Also included are copies of patents that relate to Ehrat's ideas.
Series 6: Toby Dittrich Files, 1889-1997
This series, which is further divided into five subseries, contains administrative records, prior art, patent records, correspondence, litigation materials, financial records, marketing and sales materials, photographs, and newspaper clippings from William A. (Toby) Dittrich. Dittrich invented the "Dunk King" break-away basketball rim in the mid 1970s while he was a physics professor at Pacific Lutheran University in Washington State. Dittrich patented and marketed his rim with mixed success before selling the rights to his patents to Arthur Ehrat in the mid 1980s. The two agreed to market and license their products independently, and cooperatively share royalties and settlements from patent infringement cases.
Arrangement:
The collection is divided into five series.
Series 1: Background materials, 1968-2005
Subseries 1: Ehrat History, 1968-2005, 2011
Subseries 2: Photographs and Clippings, 1973-2005
Subseries 3: Oral History, 2005
Series 2: Patent records for basketball rim,1865-1984
Subseries 1: Ehrat and Dittrich Patents, 1979-1984
Subseries 2: Research and File History, 1865-1984
Subseries 3: Correspondence and Notes, 1976-1984
Subseries 4: Files from First Attorney, Ralph Staubly, 1976-1982
Series 3: Civil action and settlement records, 1984-1996
Subseries 1: Basketball Products International and Ehrat v. Mt. Vernon School District and Porter Equipment Company, 1984
Subseries 2: Porter Equipment Company v. Basketball Products International and Ehrat, 1984
Subseries 3: Gared Company v. Basketball Products International and Ehrat, 1984-1988
Subseries 4: Basketball Products International and Ehrat v. Gared Company --Pleadings, 1984
Subseries 5: Basketball Products International and Ehrat v. Toss Back, 1984
Subseries 6: Ehrat v. Gared Company and Nixdorff-Krein Industries, 1982-1989 (bulk 1987-1989)
Subseries 7: Ehrat v. Diversified Products, 1989-1994
Subseries 8: Ehrat v. Icon Health & Fitness Inc., Pro Form fitness Products, Inc. and K's Merchandise Mart, 1984-1996 (bulk 1994-1996)
Series 4: Licensing agreements, 1982-2000 (bulk 1980s-mid-1990s)
Subseries 5: Other Inventions and Ideas, 1978-1980
Biographical / Historical:
Arthur Henry Ehrat was born December 20, 1924. He grew up on a farm near Shobonier, IL, east of St. Louis. Ehrat had four sisters and a brother: Dorothea, Ruth, Bernice, Grace and Walter. Growing up on a farm during the Great Depression, Ehrat learned farming skills, including milking, baling, and operating heavy equipment such as threshing machines. After graduating from Vandalia High School he moved to Wheaton, IL, to work on a farm. From the latter part of 1945 until 1947, Ehrat was an Army medic, stationed in Fort Sheridan, IL; Camp Atterbury, IN; Fort Meade, MD; and Manila, Philippines. After his Army service, Ehrat moved back to Illinois and spent a few years farming with his brother.
In the early 1950s Ehrat lived with his sister Bernice and her family in Minneapolis while attending a two-year course at Minneapolis Business College. Upon completion of the course, he returned to Virden, IL and worked at a grain elevator. Ehrat met Mary Mardell Worth in Virden. They were married June 27, 1954, and had five daughters: Rose, Jo, Sharon, Jane and Linda. Ehrat managed the grain elevator at Farmers Elevator Co. in Lowder, IL for nearly 30 years.
In the mid-1970s, Ehrat's nephew, Randy Albrecht, a coach at St. Louis University, mentioned that basketball players were slamming the basketball ball through the rim and hurting themselves, as well as bending or breaking the rims, which were affixed directly to the backboard. The bent rims had to be straightened, causing a delay of game. While Ehrat never had a strong interest in the game of basketball, Albrecht suggested his uncle, who was known as a tinkerer, come up with a safer basketball rim. The conversation sparked a few ideas. Ehrat bought a flimsy $20 basketball rim and began building a prototype.
Basketball fans during the 1940s and 1950s didn't see many slam dunks. Despite the leaping ability of stars Bob Kurland, George Mikan, and James Clifford Pollard, aka "the Kangaroo Kid," the dunk shot was considered showboating and was often done only in practice. Basketball players, whose average size was smaller in the mid-20th century, viewed the dunk as a low-percentage shot compared with the ubiquitous jump-shot.
In 1967, the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) outlawed dunking. A few years later, Julius "Dr. J" Erving, who played professionally for the American Basketball Association's Virginia Squires, re-ignited excitement about basketball with his high-flying slams. In the first half of 1976, a few months before Ehrat first applied for a patent, the dunk was reinstated in college basketball.
At the professional level, flamboyant hoops star Darryl "Dr. Dunk" Dawkins shattered some glass backboards in the late 1970s and early 1980s, which prompted the National Basketball Association (NBA) to ban the shattering of backboards and make collapsible rims mandatory. The NBA's call for collapsible rims, along with the NCAA's reinstatement of the dunk, opened the door for innovations in basketball rims.
Collapsible rims, which folded down when pressure was applied to them, were the precursor to breakaway rims and had to be manually put back in place. Ehrat created a safer basketball rim that automatically snapped back after a slam dunk.
Ehrat's first rim, used a door spring. It was bolted to two plates, one that remained fastened while the other flexed down under pressure. The hinge was not strong enough, so he focused on creating a detent. A detent is a device that holds one mechanical part in relation to another so the device can be released when force is applied. If someone slam dunks a basketball and pulls on the rim, a detent would allow the rim to flex downward with minimal pressure on the backboard. Ehrat fitted some heavy-duty magnets between metal plates on the rim, but this did not work as he envisioned.
The turning point came when Ehrat decided to use a spring mechanism. Drawing upon his agricultural background, he pulled a spring from a John Deere cultivator, cutting it to fit the basketball rim. The thick, sturdy coil was able to withstand more than a hundred pounds of pressure before yielding downward and would push the rim back into place. In addition to the spring, he tested ball bearings, bolts, and corner braces before finding the right combination that would hold at least 150 pounds of pressure.
Once he had viable prototypes, Ehrat tested their durability. He sent one to Virden High School and enlisted Randy Albrecht, to test the other prototypes. Albrecht used his connections as a basketball coach at St. Louis Community College at Meramec to have prototypes installed at the schools where he worked. The rims were sent to other high schools and colleges by Ehrat. For more information on where the prototypes went, see his deposition in Series 3, Subseries 3. Ehrat estimated in his deposition that he built approximately 36-40 prototype rims.
It took six years, from July 1976 to December 1982, for Ehrat to receive the patent on his basketball goal (United States Patent No. 4,365,802, Deformation-preventing swingable mount for basketball goals). His application was rejected twice, with patent examiner Paul Shapiro noting that Frederick C. Tyner held a patent for a similar basketball goal (United States Patent No. 4,111, 420, energy-absorbing basketball goal/backboard unit).
Ehrat and his attorney, Ralph Staubly, pursued an appeal of the rejection. Staubly, a retired patent examiner had moved to Springfield, IL, in the 1970s to open a private practice. A major part of the appeal involved notarized letters from acquaintances who said that Ehrat's invention was unique and would be an asset to the sport of basketball. He also proved, through copies of canceled checks and a rough sketch of his invention, that he was working on his breakaway basketball goal in 1975 before Frederick Tyner conceived of his. In a 1984 deposition (Series 3, Subseries 1), Tyner placed the date of his invention near the last week of March or first week of April 1976, not long after he heard that the NCAA had reinstated dunking.
Ehrat won the appeal, effectively rendering the Tyner patent invalid. After Staubly fell ill and moved to Texas, and in early 1983, Ehrat found a new patent attorney,McPherson Moore of the St. Louis firm Rogers, Eilers and Howell, who became Ehrat's main legal counsel for approximately 20 years.
In February, 1983, two months after Ehrat received his patent, his attorney McPherson Moore sent certified letters to more than 60 sporting goods companies to announce the patent. The letters were sent to alert companies of possible infringement and to garner interest in licensing agreements.
During the basketball goal patent's 17-year lifespan, Ehrat obtained a dozen companies as licensees. Only Fisher-Price and Schutt Manufacturing signed without much difficulty. Ehrat worked to get the other companies licensed, in some cases filing patent infringement lawsuits or threatening to file them. Ehrat's first licensing agreement, signed in 1983, was with Basketball Products International.
Ehrat was involved in eight civil action lawsuits, five of which took place in 1984, when he had to prove for a second time that he had his idea for a breakaway goal before Tyner. Ehrat also defended his patent against other, similar patents issued to sporting goods companies in the early 1980s. Kenneth Mahoney of Toss Back, Charles Engle of Gared Company, and the Porter Equipment Co. all received patents for basketball goal devices, citing Ehrat's patent as prior art. Ehrat was involved in lawsuits with all three companies.
In 1986, Ehrat and attorney McPherson Moore were contacted by William "Toby" Dittrich, who held two patents --United States Patent No. 4,151,989, basketball practice device and United States Patent No. 4,465,277, basketball goal structure. Dittrich was having difficulty licensing his patents to companies because of the confusion over Ehrat's and Tyner's patents. Dittrich assigned his patents to Ehrat in 1987 and they signed a joint licensing agreement to split royalties and settlement money.
In addition to his basketball goal patent, Ehrat also holds two patents for agricultural inventions: United States Patent No. 4,358,054, field-sprayer tank-vehicle having means for on-site metering and mixing of soil-treating chemicals; and United States Patent No. 4,588,127, material-spreading field vehicle having means for on-site metering and mixing of soil-treating chemicals.
Arthur Ehrat died on July 9, 2015.
Related Materials:
Artifacts related to this collection were donated to the Museum's Division of Music, Sports and Entertainment, now the Division of Culture and Arts.
Provenance:
Donated to the Archives Center in 2005 by Arthur Ehrat. An addenda of materials related to Toby Dittrich was donated by Toby Dittrich in 2014.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
The collection includes four 90 minute audio tapes of interviews with Mr. Soltoff covering biographical information, education, work experience and professional career. Also included are: The interviewer's handwritten notes summarizing the interviews; and copies "Notes from Misosys", a publication on computer software edited by Mr. Soltoff.
Arrangement:
Divided into 3 series: 1) Audio tapes (four) of Roy Soltoff interviews by Jon Eklund, 1983; 2) Notes by Jon Eklund summarizing Soltoff interviews; 3) Publication, "Notes from Misosys", 1983 (six issues) edited by Soltoff.
Biographical / Historical:
This collection is primarily the product of four interviews with Roy Soltoff, a noted microcomputer programmer, conducted and taped in 1983 by Dr. Jon B. Eklund, Curator of Physical Sciences, NMAH.
Provenance:
Collection donated by Roy Soltoff.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Printed materials issued by the senior citizen advocacy group, the Gray Panthers. including press releases, meeting minutes, newsletters, flyers, brochures, and other papers.
Arrangement:
1 series.
Biographical / Historical:
The Gray Panthers, an activist group supporting the rights of senior citizens, was founded in 1970 by Maggie Kuhn and several others. The original name of the group was "Consultation of Older and Younger Adults for Social Change." It was nicknamed Gray Panthers, a name that the group later officially adopted.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Administrative Records include copies of the F.A.F. constitution and by-laws; revised constitutions and by-laws with accompanying correspondence and notes; meeting minutes and ancillary records; and project files from the 1980s-1990s containing printed materials, reports, and correspondence.
Arrangement note:
Folders are arranged alphabetically by folder title.
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original papers requires an appointment. Use of archival audiovisual recordings and electronic records with no duplicate access copy requires advance notice.
Collection Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Fine Arts Federation of New York, 1895-2005, bulk 1935-2002. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Sponsor:
Funding for the processing of this collection was provided by Smithsonian Institution's Collections Care and Preservation Fund
The American Dermatoglyphics Association records are comprised of business records, including correspondence, minutes, newsletters, and several dermatoglyphics collections. These collections feature finger and palm prints from studies undertaken by American Dermatoglyphics Association members, along with accompanying documentation and publications.
Additions to the collection received after the initial deposit are identified by their accretion number. They are as follows:
2003-27 Accretion: Mavalwala's Parsi (India) research (fingerprints); Seltzer's breast cancer research (fingerprints/palm prints); Chris Plato research - Guatemala, Panama, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Honduras (hand/wrist x-rays). This accretion also contains copies of the International Dermatoglyphics Association Newsletter (1963-1987).
2004-09 Accretion: 59 boxes
2005-11 Accretion: 7 boxes and rolled charts
2010-31 Accretion: Cheryl Sorenson Jamison and Robert J. Meier research files. Cheryl Jamison's files consist of dermatoglyphic prints of dyslexic children from 1986 in Kentucky, Louisiana, and Indiana. Robert Meier's files consist of dermatoglyphic prints he collected from the following populations: Easter Islanders (1964-1965); Inupiat Residents of Pt. Barrow, Alaska (1932); Alaskan Native Populations (1962-1971); and Indiana University Students (1987). His files also include prints from Illinois families (circa 1970s; collected by R. Peter Johnson) and Colombians (circa 1970s; collected by Robert MacLennan). 15 boxes.
2011-35 Accretion: Terry E. Reed general twin population prints and Richard Osborne twin prints. Terry Reed's collection of prints of twins and twin families are from various studies at Indiana University from 1972 to 1995. Prints of families with genetic conditions were separated and were not sent to the NAA. Includes reprints of articles and bibliography of Terry Reed's research using prints. Richard Osborne's prints were collected in the 1950s and given to David Stoney for his thesis research in the 1980s. They were passed on to Terry Reed through Peg Davee in 1988 and used in Reed's research on fingerprint arch heritability. 19 record storage boxes.
2012-02 Accretion: Wladimir Wertelecki research files. Mostly dermatoglyphic prints from the 1970-80s. Consists of lunula research prints of college students and Down's syndrome patients in South Carolina as well as prints from the following populations: South Carolina families, African American college students in Orangeburg, South Carolina; Caucasians in Boston, Massachusettes; Greeks; and patients with various medical disorders. Also contains cyclograms, dermatoglyphic readings, and teaching materials. 9 record storage boxes.
2013-20 Accretion: Terry E. Reed general twin population prints. This accretion consists of prints from his twin studies research at Indiana University Medical Center in the 1980s-1990s; McMaster University Medical Centre in the 1970s; and various veteran centers throughout the US as part of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) twin study in 1971-1973 and 1981-1982. Also in his files are prints from Nancy Segal's 1970s study on twins for her thesis at University of Chicago, as well as prints from Michele Carliere's 1990s research on French twins at the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique.
Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Historical Note:
In 1973 and 1974, following dermatoglyphics symposia meetings of the American Society of Human Genetics, plans were laid to organize the American Dermatoglyphics Association (ADA). Its first meeting was in October 1975 when bylaws were adopted. In 1981, the ADA was incorporated in Maryland and in 1982, the membership adopted a detailed constitution, which declared that the ADA's purpose was "to advance the science and application of dermatoglyphics particularly in North, Central and South America and the Caribbean and to facilitate cooperation with other associations that have similar aims." To this end, the ADA held its annual meetings in conjunction with other related scientific organizations such as the American Association of Physical Anthroplologists and the American Society of Human Genetics. The ADA published a newsletter and its membership was open to all interested persons, but there was a class of fellows for which there were academic and other requirements. The ADA was dissolved in 2018.
Restrictions:
Materials may be restricted for privacy reasons. Contact the repository for mroe information.
Access to the American Dermatoglyphics Association records requires an appointment.
The papers of LeRoy Neiman measure approximately 70.5 linear feet and date from 1938-2005. The collection includes biographical materials, correspondence, project files, printed material and artifacts documenting the career of the American painter LeRoy Neiman.
Scope and Content Note:
The papers of LeRoy Neiman measure approximately 70.5 linear feet and date from 1938 to 2005. The collection includes biographical materials, correspondence, project files, printed material and artifacts documenting the career of the American painter LeRoy Neiman.
Biographical material pertains to the artist's family, military service, education and teaching experience and representing galleries and publishers and includes artist biographies, awards, distinctions, and membership information.
Correspondence includes personal and business correspondence as well as collections of cards and literature on other artists, Neiman's notes and jottings, art work by children, and office records.
Project files document specific projects or art events in which Neiman was involved, including commissions, promotions, collaborations, serigraph printings, and publications.
Printed material includes newspapers, magazines, catalogs, fliers, invitations, brochures, press releases, film scripts and small posters.
Artifacts include three-dimensional items, clothing, souvenirs and LeRoy Neiman paraphernalia.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged as 5 series:
Missing Title
Series 1: Biographical Material, 1938-2004, undated (Boxes 1-3, 77; 3.3 linear feet)
Series 2: Correspondence, circa 1960s-2004, undated (Boxes 3-19)
Series 3: Project Files, 1949-2005, undated (Boxes 20-39, 78-81)
Series 4: Printed Material, circa 1940s-circa 2005, undated (Boxes 40-61, 82-83, OV 85)
Series 5: Artifacts, 1953-2002, undated (Boxes 69-76, 84)
Biographical Note:
LeRoy Neiman has been described as the most popular living painter in America. While strikingly original, his work reflects the varied influences of Toulouse-Lautrec, Dufy, the New York Social Realists, and the Abstract Expressionists. Probably best known as a portrayer of sporting and social events, he virtually invented the modern genre of sports art and remains its most accomplished and acclaimed practitioner.
Among many other accomplishments, he was the first and only on-camera official artist for ABC-TV at the Olympics in Munich, 1972 and Montreal, 1976, and covered several other winter and summer Olympiads as an official artist. He was the first artist to create live, on-camera computer art while covering the 1978 Super Bowl in New Orleans for CBS-TV. In 1997 he was selected as the first official artist of the Kentucky Derby. But Neiman's interests range far and wide. As a painter, printmaker, and author, his subjects have included Parisian cafés, African safaris, famous bars, five-star restaurants, urban street scenes, the opera, political figures, jazz musicians, entertainers, stage and screen stars, gambling casinos, portraits, international stock exchanges, and much more.
For the past quarter-century, Neiman has created limited-edition serigraphs (silk-screen prints). Published and distributed exclusively by Knoedler Publishing, they are sold in selected galleries throughout the United States. By one estimate, the more than 150,000 Neiman prints that have been purchased to date have an estimated market value exceeding $400 million. Neiman is the author of twelve books: Horses, LeRoy Neiman Posters, Winners, which was also published in Japanese, Big Time Golf, LeRoy Neiman: An American in Paris, LeRoy Neiman on Safari, and LeRoy Neiman: Five Decades, all published by Harry N. Abrams, as well as Art and Life Style, Carnaval, Monte Carlo Chase, Casey at the Bat, and the newly-released limited edition LeRoy Neiman Sketchbook: Liston vs. Clay 1964/ Ali vs. Liston 1965, 2004. Knoedler Publishing has published The Prints of LeRoy Neiman, Volumes I-III, a catalogue raisonnes on Neiman's limited edition prints.
Over the years the artist has donated scores of his artworks to dozens of charitable causes and organizations. Through his work with the Good Tidings Foundation, two LeRoy Neiman Art Centers for Youth have been built in elementary schools in California. In 1995, he gave the School of the Arts at Columbia University in New York City an endowment of $6 million to create the LeRoy Neiman Center for Print Studies, dedicated to the study of fine art printmaking and the development of new methods of printmaking, and including a scholarship program. A 1998 donation led to the creation of the LeRoy Neiman Center for the Study of American Culture and Society at UCLA.
Neiman's work is represented in the Art Institute of Chicago, the Whitney Museum, the Minneapolis Museum of Art, the Hermitage of St. Petersburg and numerous other museums and public and private collections worldwide. A past member of the New York City Advisory Commission for Cultural Affairs, Neiman has received five honorary degrees and, among other honors, an Award of Merit from the American Athletic Union, a Gold Plate Award from the American Academy of Achievement, and a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Muscular Dystrophy Association, in addition to being named Boxing Artist of 1966 by Lonsdale, London.
Missing Title
1921 -- Born June 8 in St. Paul, Minnesota.
1942-46 -- Leaves high school to enlist in the army; serves four years in Europe.
1946 -- Studies at the St. Paul Gallery and School of Art with Clement Haupers.
1946-50 -- Student at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago; studies with Boris Anisfeld; studies liberal arts at University of Illinois and De Paul University, Chicago.
1950-60 -- Member of the Faculty, School of the Art Institute of Chicago, teaching figure drawing and fashion drawing.
1952 -- Exhibits in Twin City Show at Minneapolis Institute of Arts; wins Chicago Art Directors Award.
1953 -- Begins using enamel house paints; develops interest in drawing horse racing at Arlington Park; wins First Prize for painting "Idle Boats", a purchase prize, at Twin City Show, Minneapolis Institute of Art.
1954 -- Begins association with Playboy magazine illustrating Charles Beaumont story, which wins Chicago Art Directors Award; exhibits for first time in Chicago Artists and Vicinity Show, where he continues to show for next six years; wins Second Prize, Minnesota State Show; exhibits at Philadelphia Art Alliance.
1955 -- Instructor of painting at Elmwood Park Art League and North Shore Art League; exhibits at the Carnegie Pittsburgh International Exhibition of Contemporary Painting; creates the "Femlin" symbolic character which appears in Playboy for next 47 years; wins New York Art Directors Award.
1956 -- Included in "New Talent in America in 1956", published in Art in America, February 1956; delves deeper into Chicago sports scene, draws Chicago Bears, Blackhawks and boxing.
1957 -- Exhibits in Corcoran Gallery of Art "American 25th Biennial Exhibition", Washington, D.C.; awarded most popular prize out of 3,000 entries as well as the juried Clark Memorial Prize and Vicinity Show; first television appearance on Art Institute of Chicago TV show, "Artist's Choice"; painting instructor at School of the Art Institute of Chicago Summer Session and for two years at Ox-Bow Summer School, Saugatuck, Michigan teaching landscape painting; marries art student Janet Byrne.
1958 -- Exhibits at the "Society of Contemporary American Art Exhibition", Art Institute of Chicago, for three years; begins extensive travels for Playboy magazine, creating a feature on the high life called "Man at His Leisure", which appears regularly for the next 15 years; wins Municipal Art Award at "Chicago Artist and Vicinity Show", and Hamilton & Graham Cash Prize, Ball State Teachers College Drawing Show, Muncie, Indiana.
1959 -- Holds one-man show of racing scenes at Arlington Park Race Track, Chicago; shows in "Jazz Exhibition" and "Social Observation and Comment in Art Show" in Chicago.
1960 -- Paints at Squaw Valley Winter Olympic Games; travels six months through Europe covering sporting and social events, the Grand National Steeplechase, Epsom Derby, Ascot, and the Oxford-Cambridge boat race in England, Maxim's Tour d'Argent, the Lido and Folies Bergere in Paris, the Cannes Film Festival and St. Tropez, Fiesta de San Isidro bullfights in Madrid, the Grand Prix in Monaco auto race.
1960-1970 -- Executes over one hundred paintings and two murals for eighteen Playboy Clubs.
1961 -- Takes studio in Paris; does studies of Deauville social season and sketches the great restaurants of France; sketches Dublin Horse Show and cricket at Lord's in London; wins gold medal for oil painting at the "Salon d'Art Moderne", Paris.
1962 -- Sketches Bordeaux wine country, Paris fashion shows, racing at Longchamp, and Giraglia Yacht Race on Riviera; paints Regatta of the Gondoliers in Venice; does studies of Fellini directing "8 ½" and sketches at Cine Citta studios in Rome; visits U.S. to work on commission for 12 paintings of the Indianapolis 500.
1963 -- Returns from Paris; establishes a studio in New York; teaches painting at Arts and Crafts, Inc., Winston-Salem, North Carolina; holds first one-man exhibition in New York at Hammer Galleries; travels to Mexico with Shel Silverstein; sketches in Mexico City and Acapulco.
1964 -- Starts series of Muhammad Ali sketches and paintings which spans the next 15 years; sketches America's Cup Challenge at Newport, Rhode Island; returns to England to sketch London night life and Prince Phillip playing polo at Windsor; paints the Tour de France in Paris.
1965 -- Commemorates Sugar Ray Robinson with 8' x 6' portrait "Farewell to Boxing" unveiled at Madison Square Garden ceremony; paints portrait of Mae West and poet Marianne Moore.
1966 -- Sketches Kentucky Derby; in London paints personalities and scenes including the Beatles and Carnaby Street, Kenneth Tynan, Sir Ralph Richardson; paints surfing in California; executes mural for Swedish-Lloyd Ship, S. S. Patricia; creates art for film "Casino Royale"; sketches indoor polo for opening of Houston Astrodome.
1967 -- Sketches and paints leading figures in the arts, sports and entertainment world, including Leonard Bernstein, Joe Louis, Frank Sinatra, Brigitte Bardot and ballerina Suzanne Farrell; paints "24 Hours of LeMans", nudist scenes on the Dalmatian Coast of Yugoslavia, the Fiesta at Pamplona, the dolce vita of Rome.
1968 -- Paints the Kirov and Bolshoi ballets in Russia; is named artist-in-residence from the bench of the New York Jets football team; executes critical sketches of the 1968 Democratic National Convention in Chicago; paints Bobby Hull for Time magazine cover; contributed drawings for Harpers magazine articles on Cassius Clay and on Bobby Kennedy and race relations; initiates art class for Atlanta Poverty Program.
1969 -- Sketches civil rights figures and teaches art in Atlanta Poverty Program; creates poster for Kurt Weill Off-Broadway show and program cover for Oh! Calcutta; sketches New York City Ballet; appears regularly on TV as New York Jets artist-in-residence; collaborates with Dave Anderson on book, Countdown to Super Bowl; covers horse racing at Ascot and Longchamp, camel racing in Morocco.
1970 -- Paints backdrop for Broadway play Borstal Boy and does album cover for Fifth Dimension; exhibits in the Time magazine "Covers Show" at the National Portrait Gallery of the Smithsonian Institution, Washington D.C.; sketches sporting and social events in Dublin, and holds one-man show at the Abbey Theatre; travels with Hugh Hefner in Europe, Greece and Africa; sketches wildlife on safari in Africa; creates poster for Ali-Quarry fight, Ali's return to the ring in Atlanta; paints $100,000 baseball players for book, This Great Game; paints New York Stock Exchange.
1971 -- Has one-man exhibition at Museo de Bellas Artes in Caracas; travels to Monte Carlo, London, Paris and Switzerland; develops interest in printmaking; creates two-part TV program on the art of lithography and produces etchings and lithographs at Atelier Weber in Zurich; creates official poster and draws pre-fight sketches of Ali-Frazier Super Fight I at Madison Square Garden for The New York Times Magazine cover and post-fight sketches for ABC-TV; illustrates Jose Torres' book on Ali, Sting Like a Bee.
1972 -- Covers Fischer-Spasky world champion chess tournament at Reykjavik, Iceland and Munich Olympic Games, both on camera for ABC-TV; covers World Series for NBC-TV; creates serigraph of Knicks-Lakers championship game; paints Super Bowl for Time magazine cover; and cover for Golf Digest.
1973 -- Creates Super Bowl art for CBS-TV; sketches the Masters Golf Tournament for Golf Digest magazine; paints commission for Museum of Jazz; creates serigraph of Triple Crown winner Secretariat; sketches Foreman-Frazier fight in Jamaica; travels on multi-city tour and exhibit of Olympic serigraphs; nineteen serigraphs chosen by the Hermitage Museum, St. Petersburg, for its permanent collection.
1974 -- Has exhibition in Tokyo and sketches sumo, baseball and horse racing for Japanese TV; covers Stanley Cup hockey playoffs for NBC-TV; creates poster for Newport Jazz Festival and for next 5 years; creates poster for Ali-Foreman fight in Kinshasa, Zaire, and for Frank Sinatra concert at Carnegie Hall; Art and Lifestyle is published.
1975 -- Creates official St. Paul Bicentennial poster; given major retrospective at the Minnesota Museum of Art; creates official program cover for World Series; creates poster for Ali-Frazier III and paints cockfights in Manila; creates first of four annual posters for Robert F. Kennedy Pro-Celebrity Tennis Tournament; book The Artist's Limited Edition of Moby Dick is published.
1976 -- Paints mural on camera as ABC-TV Official Artist at Olympic Games, Montreal; paints on French Riviera; holds one-man show at Knoedler Gallery in London; exhibits in national invitational "Watercolor USA Show" at Springfield Art Museum, Missouri, and "Drawings USA Show" at the Minnesota Museum of Art; paints Harlem scene for Jazzmobile poster; paints Chris Evert for Saturday Evening Post cover.
1977 -- Holds one-man shows in Stockholm and Helsinki; works in Paris; paints NBA All-Star game; creates poster for Lacrosse USA.
1978 -- Performs first live execution of computer art for CBS-TV coverage of Super Bowl, New Orleans; creates poster for Bill Bradley senatorial campaign; creates poster for Ali-Spinks II match in New Orleans.
1979 -- Appointed Grand Marshal with Jesse Owens at The Drake Relays in Des Moines, Iowa; paints the Ginza, Kamakura Buddha, Mount Fuji in Japan, Royal Ascot in London, and Pan-Am Games in Puerto Rico, for CBS-TV; book Horses is published.
1980 -- Appointed Official Artist of the 1980 Lake Placid Winter Olympic Games and Official Artist of the Democratic National Convention, New York; paints commission for Caesar's Palace, Las Vegas; sketches Carnaval in Rio de Janeiro; presents painting commemorating signing of Arab-Israeli peace treaty at Camp David to President Carter at the White House; book Posters is published.
1981 -- Holds two-man exhibition with Andy Warhol at Los Angeles Institute of Contemporary Art, California; executes 24' x 16' portrait of Sylvester Stallone for Rocky film; creates art and appears as ring announcer in Rocky films II, III, IV and V; book Carnaval is published.
1982 -- Has one-man exhibition at Harrod's, and paints the "The Stock Exchange, London"; creates poster for Kool Jazz Festival; paints and exhibits in Tokyo.
1983 -- Has one-man exhibitions in Los Angeles, San Francisco and New Orleans; executes billboard, television commercial and program for Lido show at the Tropicana, Las Vegas; book Winners is published.
1984 -- Appointed Official Artist, Winter Olympics, Sarajevo, Yugoslavia and Summer Olympics, Los Angeles.
1985 -- Returns to Brazil to paint Gavea Golf and Country Club in Rio de Janeiro and stock exchange in Sao Paulo; named Honorary Marshal at St. Paul Winter Carnival; Japanese version of Winners is published.
1986 -- Appointed Official Artist, Goodwill Games in Moscow for Turner Broadcasting Network; paints America's Cup commission for the New York Yacht Club.
1987 -- Paints and makes video documentaries of Old St. Andrews in Scotland and the Riviera in France; paints Indianapolis 500 auto race commission; presents "Minute Man" poster to President Reagan at the White House.
1988 -- Holds one-man exhibitions in Japan and Moscow; executes mural for Golden Nugget, Las Vegas; paints commission for the Caribbean Classic at Caliente Racetrack in Tijuana, Mexico; paints and makes video documentary of "Napoleon at Waterloo"; book Monte Carlo Chase is published.
1989 -- Paints Frank Sinatra, Liza Minelli and Sammy Davis, Jr. at Royal Albert Hall, London; sketches the World Series at Candlestick Park in San Francisco during earthquake; does sketches and paintings and video documentary of New York's Central Park, and holds exhibition at the boathouse in the park.
1990 -- Executes commemorative painting for 100th anniversary of Los Angeles Dodgers; holds one-man exhibition for inaugural Grand Prix auto race in Denver; paints the Masters Golf Tournament in Augusta, Georgia; travels and sketches in Rome, Paris and Hong Kong.
1991 -- Executes commissioned paintings for 25th anniversary of Spectrum Stadium, Philadelphia, and 10th anniversary of Miami Grand Prix and of Joe Morgan and Jim Palmer for Baseball Hall of Fame induction; travels to Japan to paint geishas, the Ginza and golf; creates Michael Jordan serigraph and poster; works on sketchbooks and paintings in Paris and Berlin.
1992 -- Paints Tom Seaver for Baseball Hall of Fame induction; paints suite of four famous golf courses in conjunction with publication of Big-Time Golf; works on sketchbooks and paintings in Venice, Milan and Rome; honored by the Art Institute of Chicago as an outstanding alumnus; commissioned to paint Bobby Orr by Polaroid.
1993 -- Paints Reggie Jackson for Baseball Hall of Fame induction, Larry Bird for Boston Garden, and Iroquois Steeplechase, Nashville; creates poster for CBS-TV film Call of the Wild; holds one-man exhibition at the Kentucky Derby Museum; paints Frank Sinatra for cover of "Duets" album.
1994 -- Paints Pebble Beach Golf Clubhouse; creates poster for CBS-TV film The Yearling, attends and paints Super Bowl XXVIII in Atlanta; paints in Monte Carlo and Venice; goes on to paint safari in Kenya; sketches Luciano Pavarotti at Metropolitan Opera; paints Frank Sinatra for "Duets II" album; book An American in Paris is published.
1995 -- Paints Babe Ruth for the Baseball Hall of Fame, U.S. Open at Shinnecock Golf Course, and Rockefeller Center; creates 40-foot mural on Broadway theater for Tommy Tune's musical, Busker Alley; gives 30-year retrospective exhibition at the Kentucky Derby Museum; appointed a member of the New York City Advisory Commission for Cultural Affairs; honored by Playboy for the 40th anniversary of the Femlin character.
1996 -- Commissioned by United Nations to create six postage stamps for the Centennial Olympic Games in Atlanta; paints Super Bowl XXX in Phoenix, Arizona; honored by Boxing Writers and England's Lonsdale Boxing Club; paints "Hall of Famer" for the Baseball Hall of Fame's permanent art exhibition; creates serigraph of "The 3 Tenors", Placido Domingo, Jose Carreras, Luciano Pavarotti.
1997 -- Inauguration of the LeRoy Neiman Center for Print Studies at Columbia University, New York; introduction of LeRoy Neiman Selection Cigar; narrates and appears in film documentary on Cuba and cigars, Rhythm and Smoke; creates poster commemorating 50th anniversary of Jackie Robinson's breaking of racial barrier in Major League Baseball; creates first official Kentucky Derby poster; travels to South Africa to present commissioned portrait of President Nelson Mandela; book LeRoy Neiman on Safari is published.
1998 -- Inaugurates LeRoy Neiman Center for Study of American Culture and Society, UCLA, Los Angeles; unveils baccarat painting for Desert Inn, Las Vegas; exhibits and participates in seminar on Frank Sinatra at Hofstra University; paints and creates serigraph of Joe DiMaggio; creates label for Duval-Leroy champagne; creates official poster for Breeders' Cup, Louisville; cover art for Good Will Games New York official program, and for article in The Nation; honored at Ox-Bow Gala at the Art Institute of Chicago, and by Sportscasters.
1999 -- Creates art for Givenchy perfumes; presents portrait of Mark McGwire and creates serigraph edition commemorating record home run hitter. Paints John Elway and creates serigraph celebrating retirement from football; releases serigraph of Mickey Mantle; participates in Olympic Games seminar on Queen Elizabeth II ocean liner crossing; gambling prints installed in Salle Privée at Paris Casino in Las Vegas; creates poster for Taxicab Chronicles Off-Broadway play; visits Havana to sketch Cuban rhythms. Sketches Army-Navy game in Philadelphia for West Point commission.
2000 -- Creates boxing painting for use as poster for Heavyweight Explosion cable TV program; book The Prints of LeRoy Neiman 1991-2000 is published; releases serigraphs of Mike Piazza and Cal Ripken, Jr.; the first LeRoy Neiman Art Center for Youth is opened in San Francisco; commissioned to create artwork for 125th Preakness Stakes and 2000 PGA Championship Tournament at Valhalla Golf Course.
2001 -- Salutes Muhammad Ali as "Athlete of the Century" with oversized portrait and limited edition serigraphs. Commissioned to paint Mardi Gras official poster for 2002; commissioned to paint Phoenix Suns star Charles Barkley on retirement of uniform number; commissioned to paint UCLA basketball coach John Wooden; holds retrospective drawing exhibition at the Fairfield Public Gallery, Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin; creates poster for 2001 All-Star Jockey Championship; attends 25th year reunion of ABC-TV coverage of 1976 Munich Olympics. Commissioned by New York City Fire Department to commemorate September 11 terrorist attack for benefit of NYFD Widows and Orphans Fund; creates image of NYFD fireman's helmet and for the first time allows an image to be used and sold on t-shirts; also donates original painting to auction for Widows and Orphans Fund. Honorary Chairman at the annual Bare Walls event at the School of the Art Institute of Chicago; the second LeRoy Neiman Art Center for Youth is opened in Watsonville, California; the largest serigraph yet by artist, "Circus", having image size of 43 ¾" x 65", is completed after 2 years work.
2002 -- Commissioned to paint Wayne Gretzky, Gold Medal winning coach of the Canadian Olympic Hockey Team; commissioned to create official tournament poster for the first U.S. Open to be held at a public golf course, Bethpage on Long Island, New York; illustrates "Casey at the Bat", published as a trade edition by Ecco Press, with Foreword by New York Yankees manager Joe Torre; creates the Tyson/Lewis poster for the boxing heavyweight championship fight in Memphis; creates the official poster and program cover for the Oscar de la Hoya/Fernando Valenzuela championship boxing match in Las Vegas; honored with a tribute dinner at the Friar's Club in New York City; painting of Earvin "Magic" Johnson and Larry Bird is unveiled during Johnson's induction ceremonies at the Basketball Hall of Fame; Gallagher's Steak House in New York City unveils a permanent collection of Neiman artwork portraying the city's greatest athletes; receives Lifetime Achievement Award for contributions to golf and sport art at the Art of Golf Festival at Pinehurst Resort in North Carolina; inducted into the New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame.
2003 -- Unveiled commissioned painting of the racehorse Funnycide at Saratoga; opens exhibition "LeRoy Neiman on Safari" at the Wildlife Experience museum in Denver, CO; S.T. Dupont releases special edition LeRoy Neiman Golf pen and lighter set; mounts exhibition "LeRoy Neiman in Cuba" at the Pratt Institute; paints the Breeders Cup at Santa Anita; publishes book LeRoy Neiman: Five Decades with Harry N. Abrams.
2004 -- Commissioned to paint poster design for the 2005 Special Olympics in Nagano; paints portrait of Secretariat for the Secretariat Museum; paints program cover design for the Newport Jazz Festival and participates in a group exhibition at the festival; receives Medal of Honor at Ellis Island from NECO; paints portraits of Oscar De La Hoya and Bernard Hopkins for their fight program and presents the paintings to the fighters; completes a set of seven jazz lithographs at Columbia's Neiman Center for Print Studies; films a cameo appearance for Sylvester Stallone's television show "The Contender"; produces a set of five limited edition prints of Martha Graham for the Martha Graham Dance Company; publishes limited edition artist's book LeRoy Neiman Sketchbook: Liston vs. Clay 1964/Ali vs. Liston 1965 with powerHouse Books and Meridian Printing.
Appendices:
Appendix A: Notable Correspondents from Series 2: Correspondence
This appendix is an alphabetical listing of notable correspondents primarily from Series 2, but may include references to other series. The numbers following the entry indicate the series number, subseries number if appropriate, and date where the material is filed. For example: Abrams, Judith Ann - 2.1: 1983, 1991 indicates that the correspondence for that person is found in Series 2.1 in the 1983 and 1991 folders.
Addison, Bob and Ruth (Betsy) - 2.1: 1978, 1990, 2004
Affronti, Judge Frank - 2.2: Judge Frank Affronti 1990-1999
Ali, Muhammad - 2.1: 1977
Allyson Louis Gallery - 2.1: 1988, 3.1: Morton's of Chicago 1982-present, 3.1: Superbowl XXII painting In the Pocket, at Allyson Louis Gallery 1988
Alzado, Lyle - 2.1: 1984
American Diabetes Association - 2.1: 2001
Andrews, Benny - 2.3
Appel, Marty - 3.1: Thurman Munson 1977-2002
Aretsky, Ken - 2.1: 1989
Arledge, Roone - 2.2: ABC
Arledge, Roone Jr. - 2.1: 2004
Art Aid - 2.1: 1986
Art Institute of Chicago - 2.1: 1990
Ashwood, Donald - 2.1: 1977, 1978, 1979, 1980, 1983
Association du Salon d'Automne - 2.2: Association du Salon d'Automne 1992-99
Athletic Role Model Educational Institute, Inc. - 2.1: 1992
Australia - 2.1: 1981, 1984, 1985
Avers, Jeffrey - 2.1: 2002
BBC Television (British Broadcasting Corporation) - 2.1: 1989
Bailey, Pearl - 2.1: 1990
Baker, Jean -Claude - 3.2.11
Bank of New York - 2.1: 2002
Barletta, Joseph - 2.1: 1993
Baumgartner, Bruce - 2.1: 2001
Baylos, Gene - 2.1: 1991
Behm, Kenneth - 2.1: 1989
Bennet, Chef John - 2.2: Chef John Bennett
Berman, Len - 2.1: Undated 1990s
Bigelow, Vaughn - 2.1: 1984, 1988, see also Chabot Galleries
Bingham, Howard - 2.1: 1993
Binns, James - 2.1: 1989, 2001
Blair, Buckingham - 2.1: undated
Blatnik, Sonny - 2.1: 1986
Blecker, Tom - 2.2: Tom Blecker 1989-99
Bollinger, Lee - 3.1: Columbia University 1995-present
Bowles, Franklin - 1.2: Franklin Bowles Galleries
Boykin - 1.1: Awards, Boxing Writers Association Marvin Kohn "Good Guy Award," 1996
Bradley, Bill - 3.1: Bill Bradley Political Campaigns 1978-2000, 3.2. -- Winners -- , Harry N. Abrams, 1983, 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman: An American in Paris -- , 1994
Brown, Keith Henry - 2.1: 2004
Brown, Sally - 2.1: 1997
Buchwald, Art - 3.2: -- Horses -- , 1979, Harry N. Abrams, Correspondence
Bugatti, Charles and Stephanie - 2.1: 1991
Burger King - 2.1: 1976
Bush, President George H. W. and Barbara - 2.1: 1989, 1990
Bush, President George W. - 2.1: 2003, 3.2. 13
Butler Institute of American Art - 2.2: DeBartolo Corporation and Associated Institutions 1989-1991
Byrne, Mayor Jane M. - 2.1: 1981
CBS -TV - see Wolf, Warner
CBS Sports - 2.2: CBS Sports
Caine, Michael - 2.1: 1981
Camber Porter, Melinda - 2.3
Carnesale, Chancellor Albert - 3.2.15
Carousel of Hope - 3.1: Carousel Ball 1982-2002
Carter, President Jimmy and Rosalynn, and family - 2.1: 1989, 3.1: Peace Treaty, 1980
Cass, Hilary Volkman - 2.1: 1992
Chabot Galleries - 2.1: 1983, 1989
Chapin, Dwight ( -- San Francisco Examiner -- ) - 2.1: 1991
Chase, Bob - 3.2. -- Big Time Golf -- , 1992
Chemical Bank - 2.2: Manufacturers Hanover and Chemical Bank
The Chicago Board of Trade - 2.1: 1977
Cirillo, John - 1.1: Awards d. Lonsdale International Sporting Club 1996, 2.1: 2001
Cirrincione, Wanda Hightower - 2.1: 1994
Clark, Ed and Jane Forbes - 2.1: 2000
Clinton, Bill - 2.1: 1993, 3.2: -- Big Time Golf -- , 1992
Clough, Charles - 2.1: 1997
Clough, Susan - 3.2. -- Horses -- , 1979, Harry N. Abrams
Cohen, Jason - 2.1: 2004
Conner, Bart - 2.1: 1981
Cooke, Jack Kent - 2.1: 1986
Cooney, Gerry - 2.1: 2000
Cooper, Pat - 2.1: 1992
Cosell, Howard and Mary Edith - 2.1: 1991
Creative Communications - 2.1: 1976
Cremins, Bobby - 2.1: 1990
Culinary Institute of America - 2.1: 2000
Cunningham, Jeffrey - 2.1: 1994
D., E. (unnamed WWII buddy?) - 2.1: 1997
Dahlgren, Doug - 2.1: 1999
Daley, Robert - 2.1: 1999
Daub, Mayor Hal - 2.1: 1997
Davis, Altavise (wife of Sammy) - 2.1: 1989
Davis, Barbara and Marvin - 2.1: 1985, 2001, 3.1: Carousel Ball 1982-present
Davis, Patty - 2.1: 1983
Dawkins, Peter and Judi - 3.1: Senatorial Candidate Pete Dawkins Poster 1988
Dean Day Gallery - 2.1: 1982, 1983, 1989
Edward J. DeBartolo Corporation - 2.2: DeBartolo Corporation and Associated Institutions 1989-1991, 3.2. -- The Prints of LeRoy Neiman -- , 1980-1990, 1991
Garvey, Steve and Cyndi - 2.1: 1979, 1981, 1983, 1986, 1989, 3.2. -- Winners -- , 1983, Harry N. Abrams
Gavea Golf Club - 2.1: 1985
Gere-Suson, Gary - 2.1: 1999
Gilbert, Patti - 2.1: 1992
Giorgio Beverly Hills - 2.1: 1985
Gore, Al - 2.1: 1987, 1993, 3.2: -- Big Time Golf -- , 1992
Gottlieb, Paul - 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman: An American in Paris -- , 1994
Graham, Martha - 2.1: 1989
Graime, Arlene (US Olympic Committee) - 2.1: 1996
Grasso, Richard - 2.1: 1996
Gray, Joel - 2.1: 2003
Green Hills Farm - 2.1: 1987
Green, Tammie - 2.1: 1993
Greentree Stud, Inc. - 2.1: undated
Greenwich Workshop Gallery - 2.1: 1983
Gregory, Jack - 2.2: Jack Gregory 1993-98
Grenon, Robert - 2.2: Franklin Bowles Galleries
Guest, C. Z. - 2.1: 2003
Gwynne Gallery - 2.1: 1975, 1978
Hackett, Buddy and Sherry - 2.1: 1985, 1989, 1996, 1998
Halvorsen, Robert - 2.1: 1994
Hammer, Armand - 3.2. -- Winners -- , 1983, Harry N. Abrams, 1.2: Knoedler & Hammer Correspondence
Hammer, Michael - 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman: An American in Paris -- , 1994, 3.2. -- Casey at the Bat -- , 2000, 1.2: Knoedler & Hammer Correspondence, see also Hammer, Armand Hammer, Victor - see Hammer, Armand
Hanson Art Galleries - 2.2: Hanson Art Galleries 1983-1991, 3.1: Hanson Art Galleries Solo Exhibition, New Orleans 1997, see also exhibitions: Hanson Art Galleries in index for more file references
Harden, Richard - 2.1: 1978, 3.1: Peace Treaty, 1980
Harriman, Ambassador Pamela - 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman: An American in Paris -- , 1994
Hartman, David - 2.1: 1981
Harvey, Paul - 2.1: 1987
Haskell, Nikki - 2.1: 1997, 2001, 2002
Harris, Earl - 2.1: 1987
Harris, Franco - 2.1: 1990
Hatton, Pat - 2.1: 1993
Hawkins, Tommy - 3.1: Dodgers Centennial 1990
Healy, Katherine - 2.1: 1986
Hedgecock, Mayor Roger - 3.2. -- Winners -- , 1983, Harry N. Abrams
Hefner, Christie - 2.2: Playboy Enterprises 1980s, 3.1: Playboy's LeRoy Neiman Selection Cigars by Don Diego 1997
Hefner, Hugh - 2.1: 1983, 2.2: Playboy Enterprises, 3.2. -- Monte Carlo Chase -- , 1988, Van Der Marck Editions, Ltd.
Safir, Police Commissioner Howard - 3.1: New York City Marathon 1984-2001
Saltman, Sheldon - 2.1: 1976
San Francisco 49ers - 2.1: 1995, 2.2: DeBartolo Corporation and Associated Institutions 1989-1991
Santaniello, Carmine - 2.3
Sassi, Etienne - 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman: An American in Paris -- , 1994
Scaffidi, Marie - 2.1: 1980s Undated
Scarpa, William and Cathy - 2.2: William and Cathy Scarpa 1991-99
Schmidt, Mike - 2.1: 1980
Schulberg, Budd - 2.1: 1997, 1999, 2000, 2004
Schuman, Rhoda - 2.1: 1992
Schumsky, Felicie - see Felicie, Inc.
Schuster, Gary and family - 2.1: 2000
Scully, Vin - 2.1: 1990, 2000
Schwartz, Louis O. - 1.1: Boxing Writers Association Marvin Kohn "Good Guy Award," 1996
Schwartz, Richard - 2.1: 2000
Schwarzenegger, Arnold - 2.1: 1990
Segal, Erich - 2.1: 1973
Seidman, Jay - 2.1: 2001
Seitz, Nick - 3.2. -- Big Time Golf -- , 1992
Serline, Ollie - 1.1: Family (Neiman Studio Archive only), 2.1: 1970s
Sharp Electronics Corporation - 2.1: 1988
Sherman, Allie - 2.1: 2002
Shula, Coach Donald - 2.1: 1991
Siering, David - 2.1: 1987
Sigmond, Aaron - 2.1: 1994, 1995, 1997
Silverstein, Shel - 2.2: Shel Silverstein
Sinatra, Barbara - 2.2: Sinatra family
Sinatra, Frank - 2.2: Sinatra family, 3.2. -- Monte Carlo Chase -- , 1988, Van Der Marck Editions, Ltd.
Sinatra, Nancy - 2.2: Sinatra family
Skelton, Red - 2.1: 1985
Snyder, Jimmy "the Greek" - 2.1: 1982
Solomone, Mickey - 2.1: 1989
Sony - 2.1: 1978
Sorenson, Jackie - 2.1: 1981
Spectrum, Philadephia - 2.1: 1991
Spectrum Fine Art - 2.1: 1978, 1983
Spitz, Mark - 2.1: 1986
Stack, Edward - 2.1: 1996
Staebler, Tom - 2.2: Playboy Enterprises
Stanley, Melvin - 2.1: 1993
Steffens, John L. - 2.1: 1996
Stein, Bill - 2.1: 1982
Steinbrenner, George - 2.1: 2004
Sterling, Donald - 2.1: 1997, 1998
Sugar, Bert - 2.1: 1977
Swoboda, Ron - 2.1: 2002
Symphony for United Nations - 2.1: 1991
TV Guide -- Magazine - 2.1: 1975, 1990, 1993
Talese, Gay - 2.1: 1992
Tate, Evelyn - 2.1: 1976, 1987
Tele Planning International, Tokyo - 2.2: Tele Planning International, Tokyo 1993-98
Tenenbaum, Harold and Judy - 2.1: 1984, 1986, 1988, 2.2: Harold and Judy Tenenbaum
Tiefel, William R. - 3.2. -- Monte Carlo Chase -- , 1988, Van Der Marck Editions, Ltd.
Tiger Tops Pvt. Ltd. - 2.1: 1982
Tigrett, John and Pat Kerr - 2.1: 1993, 1999, 3.1: Blues Ball 1997 -2001
Torrenzano, Richard - 3.1: Lady Liberty, 1985
Torykian, Richard - 2.1: 1997
Touvell, Audra - 2.1: 2002
Trenchard, Peter - 2.1: 2001
Trovato, Liz - 2.1: 1994
Trump, Donald - 2.2: Trump 1987-96, see also Trump in Index
Twentieth Century Fox Film Corportation - 2.1: 1976
United States Department of State - 2.1: 1984
United States Olympic Committee - 2.1: 1985
Universal Pictures - 2.1: 1991
University of Oklahoma - 2.1: 1982
Upstairs Gallery - 2.2: The Upstairs Gallery 1980-89
Valentine, Bobby and Mary - 2.1: 2002
Vorhaus, Louis - 2.1: 1992
war buddy (unnamed) - 2.1: 1997
Ward, Katherine Lecube - 2.1: 1984, 3.2. -- Monte Carlo Chase -- , 1988, Van Der Marck Editions, Ltd.
Warner Brothers Television - 2.1: 1990
Waterhouse, Alma Jones - 2.2: Alma Jones Waterhouse 1977-80
Webster, Jack - 2.1: 1979, 1983, 1990, 1992, 1994, 1995
Wein, George - 2.1: 1991, 1993, 1995, 2000
Weiner, Claire - 2.1: 1970s, 1985, 1987
Weisman, Maria - 2.1: 2002
Welch, Herb and Lisa - 2.1: 1989, 1992
Welzer, Irv - 2.1: 1977
Wenzel, Lee - 2.1: 1985
Whitaker, Jack - 2.1: 1996
The White House - see Harden, Richard or Clough, Susan, or search by name of President
White, Willye - 2.1: 1989
Williams, Ted - 3.1: Williams at Bat, 1980-91
Wilson, Senator Pete - 3.2. -- Winners -- , 1983, Harry N. Abrams
Winer, Jessica - 2.3
Wirin, R. Michael - 2.1: 1998
Wolf, Warner and Sue - 2.1: 2003
Wood, Jan - 2.1: 1997, 1998
Wrather Corporation (the Lone Ranger), Jack and Bonita G. Wrather - 2.1: 1977, 1988
Yarger, Timothy - 2.2: Franklin Bowles
Yellin, Lou - 2.1: 1991, 1992, 1998
Youngman, Henry - 2.1: 1992
Zabrin, Michael - 2.1: 1989, 1991
Zelaya, Jose - 2.1: 1972, 1976, 1977
Zeran, Ken - 2.1: 1990, 1991
Zimmer, Don (Coach, New York Yankees) and Soot - 2.1: 1997
Appendix B: History of LeRoy Neiman's Representation: Felicie Schumsky, Hammer Galleries, and Knoedler & Co.
Hammer Galleries, New York, had its first show of LeRoy Neiman works in 1963 and has represented him ever since.
Armand Hammer was the proprietor of Hammer Galleries, which he founded in 1929 upon returning from the Soviet Union with a load of Czarist art. His brother Victor was in charge of running the gallery.
Armand became the chairman of the Occidental Petroleum Corporation in 1957.
Maury Leibowitz became a partner with the Hammers at the gallery around the same time they began representing Mr. Neiman.
Hammer and O.P.C. bought the respected M.K. Knoedler & Co. gallery in New York in 1971 with Leibowitz as a partner. Knoedler merged with Modarco, a Swiss investment firm, during the 1970s after its purchase by O.P.C.
Knoedler-Modarco now has three divisions: M. Knoedler & Co. (founded in 1846), Knoedler Publishing (created for the sole business of publishing and distributing the prints and posters of LeRoy Neiman), and Hammer Galleries.
Felicie Schumsky was LeRoy Neiman's publisher and distributor before Knoedler. Felicie, Inc. is named alone in advertising until 1973, when ads appear naming FKH Editions as publisher (presumably 'Felicie Knoedler Hammer') and Hammer Galleries as gallery/distributor. This continues until 1975, when ads begin naming Knoedler as publisher and Hammer as gallery.
Hammer Graphics Gallery, a part of Hammer Galleries, was started in 1979 for the sole purpose of distributing and exhibiting the graphic work of LeRoy Neiman.
Victor Hammer died in July 1985, and Armand Hammer died in 1990 at age 92 (less than a year after losing his wife Frances), leaving his son Michael Hammer as the chairman and president of The Armand Hammer Foundation. Maury Leibowitz died in 1992.
Appendix C: A Listing of Major Public Collections of LeRoy Neiman WorksAnchorage Historical and Fine Arts Museum, Anchorage, Alaska
Art Institute of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois
Baltimore Museum of Fine Art, Baltimore, Maryland
Baseball Hall of Fame, Cooperstown, New York
Brooks Memorial Art Gallery, Memphis, Tennessee
Colorado Springs Fine Arts Center, Colorado Springs, Colorado
Delaware Art Museum, Wilmington, Delaware
Duke University Museum of Art, Durham, North Carolina
Eiteljorg Museum of American Indian and Western Art, Indianapolis, Indiana
Football Hall of Fame, Canton, Ohio
Grunwald Center, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
Armand Hammer Collection, Los Angeles, California
Harding Museum, Chicago, Illinois
Hayward Museum, Hayward, California
Hermitage Museum, Leningrad, USSR
Illinois State Museum, Springfield, Illinois
Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indianapolis, Indiana
Joslyn Museum, Omaha, Nebraska
Memorial Art Gallery, Rochester, New York
Meridian Museum of Art, Meridian, Mississippi
Michigan State University, Kesage Art Center Gallery, East Lansing, Michigan
Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Minneapolis, Minnesota
Minnesota Historical Society
Minnesota Museum of Art, St. Paul, Minnesota
Mobile Art Gallery and Museum, Mobile, Alabama
Museo de Bellas Artes, Caracas, Venezuela
National Museum of Sport in Art, New York, New York
Niagara University, Niagara, New York
Portland Museum of Art, Portland, Maine
Springfield Museum of Art, Springfield, Massachusetts
Tennis Hall of Fame, Newport, Rhode Island
Tucson Museum of Art, Tucson, Arizona
Tweed Museum of Art, University of Minnesota, Duluth, Minnesota
University Art Gallery, Binghamton, New York
University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois
University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma
University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon
University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida
University of Texas, Austin, Texas
Utah Museum of Fine Arts, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah
Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee
Wichita State University, Wichita, Kansas
Whitney Museum. New York, New York
Wodham College, Oxford, England
Yuma Fine Arts Association, Yuma, Arizona
Appendix D: A Listing of LeRoy Neiman Serigraph Releases
This list corresponds to newspaper and magazine ads in files 3.3: Felicie Inc. - Advertising and 3.3: Knoedler & Co. - Advertising. This is not a complete inventory.
DateSerigraphUnknown -- Bar '21' (offset lithograph)
Unknown -- Delacroix Tiger
Unknown -- Elephant Family
Unknown -- Gorilla Family
Unknown -- Kenya Leopard
Unknown -- Lion Pride (offset lithograph)
Unknown -- Lion Couple
Unknown -- Polar Bears
Unknown -- Serengeti Leopard
Unknown -- Zebra Family
Unknown -- The Plaza Square
Unknown -- Stock Market (offset lithograph)
Unknown -- Neiman Montreal '76 (offset lithograph)
Unknown -- Winter Olympic Skier, Lake Placid 1980
Unknown -- P.J. Clark's
Unknown -- Olympic Slalom
Unknown -- Dublin Bar
Unknown -- Le Grand Cuisine
Unknown -- Little Hitter
Unknown -- Little Fielder
1975 -- Le Grand Escalier de l'Opera, 1969
1975 -- Toots Shor Bar
1975 -- Club House Turn
1975 -- Black Panther
1976 -- Sun Serve
1976 -- Satchmo
1976 -- High Seas Sailing
1976 -- Vegas Blackjack
1976 -- Golf Landscape
1976 -- Elephant Stampede
1976 -- Nadia
1976 -- America's Cup
1977 -- Marlin!
1977 -- High Altitude Skiing
1977 -- Basketball Superstars
1977 -- Café aux Deux Magots
1977 -- The Mallet Men
1977 -- Bengal Tiger
1977 -- Giraffe Family
1977 -- Show Jumper
1977 -- Outrigger Canoe Race
1978 -- Metropolitan Opera
1978 -- Moby Dick Portfolio
1978 -- Bucking Bronc
1978 -- The Wildcats
1979 -- Kentucky Derby
1979 -- Chateau Hunt
1979 -- Stretch Stampede
1979 -- Aegean Sailing
1979 -- American Bald Eagle
1980 -- Lake Placid, Eighty, 1980
1981 -- Stenmark
1981 -- The Race of the Year
1981 -- Tour de France
1981 -- Before the Race
1984 -- Rush Street Bar
1984 -- Regents Park
1984 -- Elephant Nocturne
1985 -- Six Golfers, 1984
1985 -- Lady Skier
1985 -- Harry's Wall Street Bar
1986 -- Nob Hill
1986 -- Buena Vista Bar
1986 -- America's Cup, Australia
1987 -- Great Dane
1987 -- Giants - Broncos Classic
1987 -- 24 Hours of Le Mans
1987 -- Bistro Garden
1987 -- Left Bank Café
1988 -- Diamond Head, Hawaii
1988 -- Napoleon at Waterloo
1988 -- Piazza del Popolo - Rome
1988 -- Monte Carlo Suite
1988 -- Harbor at Monaco
1988 -- Salle Prive - Monte Carlo
1988 -- Borzoi
1988 -- In the Pocket
1988 -- Magic (Johnson)
1988 -- Clubhouse at Old St. Andrew's
1989 -- Polo Lounge
1989 -- Superplay
1989 -- President's Birthday Party
1989 -- Chicago Key Club Bar
1990 -- Secretariat II
1990 -- Chicago Options
1990 -- April at Augusta
1990 -- Gaming Table
1990 -- The '21' Club
1991 -- Homage to Ali
1991 -- Ted Williams
1991 -- Café Rive Gauche
1991 -- Cougar
1991 -- The Bordello
1992 -- Hunt Rendezvous
1992 -- Kilimanjaro Bulls
1992 -- Paddock at Chantilly
1993 -- The Maulers
1993 -- Fouquets
Appendix F: A Listing of "Man at His Leisure" Features in Playboy MagazineDateSubject/Pages1958 April -- Painter of the Urban Scene, p. 49-51
1958 December -- The Pump Room, Ambassadors East, Chicago, p. 60-61
1959 January -- Le Café Chambord, p. 52-53
1959 June -- Romanoff's, p. 62-63
1959 December -- Moore County Hounds (Southern Pines), p. 68-72
1960 February -- Hialeah Race Course, p. 52-54
1960 June -- The Colony, p. 74-75
1960 August -- Forest Hills, p. 76-77
1961 January -- Squaw Valley, p. 84-87
1961 March -- Ernie's, p. 94-95
1961 June -- The S.S. United States, p. 60-61
1961 July -- Longchamp - Auteuil, p. 82-85
1961 September -- La Plaza de Toros, p. 109-111
1961 December -- Maxim's, p. 130-131
1962 January -- The French Riviera, p. 103-105
1962 March -- The Grand National Steeplechase, p. 94-95
1962 May -- The Cambridge-Oxford Boat Race, p. 96-97
1962 August -- Las Vegas, p. 86-89
1963 May -- Monte Carlo, p. 122-125
1963 July -- Air France, p. 102-103
1963 September -- Sardi's, World Billiard Championship, p. 150-151
1963 December -- Madison Square Garden, p. 169-171
1964 April -- Epsom Derby, p. 120-121
1964 August -- St. Tropez, p. 62-65
1964 October -- Chantilly, p. 144-147
1964 December -- The Lido, p. 159-193
1965 March -- The New York Playboy Club, p.116-117
1965 August -- The Girallia Yacht Race, p. 110-111
1965 December -- The Plaza, Manhattan, p. ?
1966 July -- The Royal Ascot, p. 110-113
1966 September -- The America's Cup, p. 168-169
1967 January -- Discotheques, p. 180-181
1967 June -- Surfing, p. 112-115
1967 November -- National Horse Show, p. 143-145
1967 Winter -- VIP Magazine, Assignment London
1968 January -- Rosati's, Via Venito, p.?
1969 January -- The Bolshoi Ballet, p. 199-201
1969 June -- Le Mans, p. 124-125
1969 August -- Yugoslavia, p. 126-129
1970 January -- Morocco, p. 203-207
1970 November -- Can-Am Race, p. 179-181
1971 January -- Jamaica, p. 191-193
1972 January -- Sotheby's Auction Room, p. 171-173
1973 January -- Super Bowl, p. 187-189
1973 July -- Summer of '72 - The Hamptons, p. 152-157
Playboy Magazine's "Neiman Sketchbook" Features
DateSubject/Pages1979 December -- Teofilo Stevenson, p. 221
1980 January -- Senator Ted Kennedy, p. 137
1980 February -- Roller Skating, p. 166 -167
1980 March -- Charles Mingus, p. 179
Appendix E: Exhibitions
Below is a chronological list of Neiman exhibitions. See the index for an alphabetical list of exhibitions (listed by name of venue under the item "exhibitions") and reference to locations of pertinent archive files.
DateSolo ExhibitionsOct. 9-Nov. 6, 1959 -- F. Oehlschlaeger Gallery, Chicago
March 3-31, 1961 -- F. Oehlschlaeger Gallery, Chicago
Feb. 9-March 9, 1962 -- F. Oehlschlaeger Gallery, Chicago
March 1962 -- O'Hana Gallery, London
Nov. 27-Dec. 11, 1962 -- Galerie O. Bosc, Paris
Oct. 8-19, 1963 -- Hammer Galleries, New York
January-February, 1965 -- "Vie de France," Astor Tower French Center, Chicago
Nov. 23-Dec. 4, 1965 -- Hammer Galleries, New York
March 5-25, 1966 -- Gallery Richelle, St. Louis
1976 -- "LeRoy Neiman Retrospective 1949-75," Minnesota Museum of Art, St. Paul
Nov. 1967 -- Frank Sinatra Film Drawings Exhibition, Gallery of Modern Art, New York
Sept. 26-Oct. 7, 1967 -- Hammer Galleries, New York
Dec. 26-31, 1968 -- New York Jets Sketches, Hammer Galleries, New York
May 1-June 10, 1969 -- "LeRoy Neiman: Paintings and Drawings," Choate School, Wallingford, CT
May 1969 -- "LeRoy Neiman: Impressions of Atlanta," Heath Gallery, Atlanta, GA
Jan. 20-31, 1970 -- Hammer Galleries, New York
Oct. 19-Nov. 2, 1971 -- "Recent Graphics and Drawings", The Far Gallery, New York
April-May, 1972 -- Museo de Bellas Artes, Caracas
Dec. 1972 -- Circle Gallery, Chicago
Oct. 31-Nov. 11, 1972 -- Hammer Galleries, New York
Nov. 22, 1972-Jan. 7, 1973 -- "Sketches of the XXth Olympiad," Solo Exhibition, Indianapolis Museum of Art
Jan.-Feb. 1973 -- Circle Gallery, Los Angeles
1973 -- Circle Gallery, Dallas
March 24, 1973 -- The Hang -Up Gallery Open House
April-May 1973 -- Circle Gallery, New York
June 2-23, 1973 -- Brentano's Gallery, New York
Jan. 24-Feb. 5, 1974 -- "Ali - Frazier," Circle Gallery, New York
Feb. 3-March 17, 1974 -- Springfield Museum of Art
1974 -- Windsor Gallery, Los Angeles
April 30-May 11, 1974 -- Hammer Galleries, New York
June 22-July 6, 1974 -- Gallery Hawaii, International Market Place, Honolulu
Sept. 1974 -- Abercrombie & Fitch
1974 -- Tobu Gallery, Tokyo
Nov. 1974 -- Gilbert Gallery, San Francisco
Nov. 1974 -- Windsor Gallery, New York
Feb. 1975 -- Carol Condit Galleries, White Plains, NY
March 1975 -- Art Gallery -Studio 53 Ltd., New York
April 1975 -- "The Wide World of LeRoy Neiman," Windsor Gallery, Los Angeles
June-July 1975 -- Moby Dick Traveling Exhibition, Peter Foulger Museum, Nantucket
Aug. 1975 -- Moby Dick Traveling Exhibition, Sag Harbor, Long Island
Sept. 1975 -- Moby Dick Traveling Exhibition, Pittsfield, MA
July 1975 -- Waller's Gallery, Tampa, FL
Sept. 1975 -- Hess's Gallery, Allentown, PA
Nov. 1975 -- Meredith Long & Co., Houston
Dec. 4-26, 1975 -- Thomas Ward Galleries, St. Paul
Dec. 4, 1975-Jan. 24, 1976 -- Minnesota Museum of Art, St. Paul
Dec. 10, 1975-Jan. 10, 1976 -- Hammer Galleries, New York
Jan. 21-March 10, 1976 -- Indianapolis Museum of Art, Downtown Gallery at American Fletcher National Bank
Feb.-May 1976 -- Emerald Art Galleries, Coronado, CA
March 14-28, 1976 -- Jewish Community Center, Bridgeport, CT
June 1976 -- M. Knoedler & Co., London
Aug. 1976 -- Frank Oehlschlaeger Gallery, Chicago
Aug. 28-Sept. 27, 1976 -- Gallery Hawaii, Hyatt Recency
Sept. 12-Oct. 6, 1976 -- Niagara Art Center, Niagara Falls
1976 -- Art Gallery-Studio 53 Ltd., New York
Oct. 1976 -- Heit Galleries, Phoenix, AZ
Nov. 16-Dec. 4, 1976 -- "The Olympic Ring," Hammer Galleries, New York
Dec. 12-19, 1976 -- Fahlnaes Konstsalong, Sweden
March 1977 -- Gallery 100, Mishawaka, IN
March 1977 -- Upstairs Gallery, Beverly Hills
March 1977 -- Galerie Marc, San Francisco
Aug. 31-Sept. 11, 1977 -- Galerie Renee & Victor, Stockholm, Sweden
Sept. 1977 -- Bowles/Hopkins Gallery, San Francisco
Sept. 2-23, 1977 -- Casa Grafica, Helsinki, Finland
Oct.-Nov. 1977 -- St. Lawrence National Bank, Ogdensburg NY
April-May 1988 -- "Neiman's World" Touring Exhibition, Japan
April-May 1988 -- In the Pocket Superbowl XXII painting premier, Allyson Louis Gallery, Bethesda, MD
May 1988 -- "Monte Carlo Chase," Minotaur Galleries, Las Vegas
Sept. 27-Oct. 4, 1988 -- "Monte Carlo Chase," L'art et l'automobile gallery, New York
1988 -- Tretyakov Museum, Moscow
Oct. 1988 -- Merrill Chase Galleries, Chicago
Nov. 19-Dec. 10, 1988 -- "LeRoy Neiman: Monte Carlo," Bowles/Sorokko Galleries, San Francisco
Jan. 1989 -- Backstage Gallery, Osaka, Japan
Feb. 1989 -- Surf Club, New York
April 1989 -- "Soft Paintings," Hammer Galleries, New York
April 30-May 15, 1989 -- Polo Lounge Debut, Bowles/Sorokko Galleries, Beverly Hills
May-June 1989 -- "Select Works by LeRoy Neiman," Midwest Museum of Art, Elkhart, IN
June-July 1989 -- Steiner & Young Fine Arts Gallery, Atlanta, GA
June 6-Sept. 9, 1989 -- L'art et l'automobile gallery, New York
Sept. 1989 -- Hotrod Vintage Car Museum and Dance Club, New York
Aug. 1989 -- Baja, New York
Sept. 26-Oct. 14, 1989 -- "A Salute to Central Park," Hammer Galleries, New York
Nov. 1989 -- Galerie 224, Laguna Beach, CA
May 1989-Feb. 1990 -- "The Playboy Collection," Dyansen Gallery Traveling Exhibition, New York, Beverly Hills, Atlantic City, San Francisco, Boston, SoHo
April 1990 -- Exhibition at "The Art Spirit" Event, Butler Institute of American Art
May 1990 -- Merv Griffin Resorts Casino Hotel, Atlantic City
May 12-31, 1990 -- Bay Area Baseball Debut, Bowles/Sorokko Galleries, San Francisco
July-Aug. 1990 -- "LeRoy Neiman: A Series of Sport Serigraphs," Springfield Art Association, Springfield, IL
Arledge, Roone - 2.2: ABC Correspondence, 3.1: Olympics Munich 1972, 3.1: "Recent Graphics and Drawings," The Far Gallery Solo Exhibition 1971, 3.1: Olympics, Montreal 1976 Roone Arledge, 1972 drawing - 4.1: 2003
Arliss - 4.1: 1996
Armory Art Fair, Washington DC - 4.1: 1977
Armstrong, Louis - see jazz
Army, U.S., service in - 1.1: Military Service
Army vs. Navy 1946, 2000 - 4.1: 2001
Arnstein, Vera Daphne - 4.1: 1990
Arrow shirts - see promotions
Art Aid - 4.1: 1986
L'art et l'automobile - 3.1: LeRoy Neiman Corvette 1984, 4.1: 1988, 2002, see also exhibitions
Art Brokerage Inc. - see Rose, Donna
Art Collection House Co., Ltd., Japan - 2.1: 1994, 1995
Art Directors Club of Oklahoma City - 4.1: 1967, VII
Art Expo - 4.1: Undated
Art for Education - 4.1: 1998
The Art of Gaming Through the Ages, by Arthur Flowers and Anthony Curtis, foreword by LeRoy Neiman - 3.1: The Art of Gaming Through the Ages, Huntington Press, 2000
Art Institute of Boston - 1.1: Honorary Degrees, 2.1: 1975, 4.1: 1975
Art Institute of Chicago - 1.1: Education and Teaching, 2.1: 1987, 1989, 1996, 3.1: "Drawing New Conclusions," Art Institute of Chicago group exhibition 1992, 4.1: 1978 ov, 2001, 2002, see also exhibitions
Auxiliary Board - 2.1: 1990
Barewalls, 2001 - 3.1: Art Institute of Chicago Reunion 2001
Art and Lifestyle, 1974 - see LeRoy Neiman: Art and LifeStyle, 1974, 3.2.1
ArtExpo New York - 2.1: 1989, 4.1: 1987, 1998, 2001
Art-o-gram: News of the art world for art dealers only - 4.1: 1977
Arthur Andersen & Co. - 4.1: 1981
Les Arts de France - 2.1: 1988
Arum, Bob and Lovee - 2.1: 1996, 1998, 4.1: 1996
Ascent, 1961 - 4.1: 1961
Ashford, Evelyn - see running
Aspen, CO - 4.1: 1993, 1994
Association for the Help of Retarded Children (AHRC) - 3.1: Thurman Munson and Thurman Munson Awards Dinner 1977-present
Astaire, Fred
Fred Astaire - 3.1: Good Tidings Foundation 1998 -, 4.1: 1985
Athens International Festival - 4.1: 1993
Atlanta, GA - 3.1: Economic Opportunity Atlanta 1968
Atlanta International Film Festival - 4.1: 1974 and ov, V: 1974
Atlanta Magazine - 4.1: 1969, 1975, 1996
Atlanta's Poor People Art School - 4.1: 1969
Atlantic City, New Jersey - see also casinos, promotions, 3.1: Tour de Trump 1989
attorney - see Shaw, Robert
auction - 4.1: 1978, 1997, 1998, 1999
Augusta National Golf Club, The 16th at Augusta, 1992 - 4.1: 1994
auto racing -- - 4.1: 1982, 1983, 1989, 1999
Andretti, Mario - 4.1: 1975, 1992
Andretti, Michael - 4.1: 1992
Brayton, Scott - 4.1: 1996
Beni Hana Grand Prix - 2.1: 1978
Caesar's Palace Grand Prix, 1981 - 3.1: Caesar's Palace Grand Prix 1981-83
Caesar's Palace Grand Prix, 1982 - 3.1: Caesar's Palace Grand Prix 1981-83
Caesar's Palace Grand Prix, 1983 - 3.1: Caesar's Palace Grand Prix 1981-83
Can-Am Race - 4.2: -- Playboy -- 1970, see Appendix E
Dallas Grand Prix, 1984 - 2.2: Neiman-Marcus 1983-88, 3.1: Dallas Grand Prix 1984
Denver Grand Prix, 1990 - 3.1: Denver Grand Prix 1990-1991
Denver Grand Prix, 1991 - 3.1: Denver Grand Prix 1990-1991
Grand Prix Heart Ball - 3.1: Denver Grand Prix 1990-91
Grand Prix de Monaco - 2.1: 1986, 2.2: Playboy Enterprises Inc. 1980s, 4.2: Playboy Ephemera 1980, Press and Paraphernalia
Grand Prix de Monaco, 1976 - 4.1: 1993, 4.2: Playboy Ephemera 1980, Press and Paraphernalia
Indianapolis 500 - 3.1: Indy 500, 1985-87
Pits at Indy, 1968 - 2.1: 1976
Le Mans - 3.2. -- Winners -- , 1983, Harry N. Abrams Notes on Auto Racing and Basketball, 4.2: -- Playboy -- 1969, 4.2: Playboy Ephemera 2000s, see Appendix E
Miami Grand Prix - 3.1: Miami Grand Prix 1991-92
Toyota Grand Prix of Miami, 1991 (for 1992 race) - 3.1: Miami Grand Prix 1991-92
National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, Cooperstown, NY - 2.1: 1978, 1996, 3.1: Leo Durocher 1974-94, 3.1: Phil Rizzuto 1994, 3.1: Casey Stengel 1996, 4.1: 1990, 1993 (yearbook), 1994, 1995
New York Giants - 3.1: The Shot Heard 'Round the World, 1991
boats - see sailing, or Showboats International; The Cambridge-Oxford Boat Race - 4.2: -- Playboy -- 1962, see Appendix E
Bochette, Liston - 2.1: 1981, 1984, 1985
bodybuilding -- - 4.1: 1977, 1982, 1990
Everson, Cory - 4.1: 1990
Schwarzenegger, Arnold - see Schwarzenegger, Arnold
Boek, Louis - 1.1: Military Service
Boggs, Bill - 4.1: 2002 ov., 2004
Bonaventure - see St. Bonaventure University
Bond, Julian - 4.1: 1969
Bonds, Barry - Barry Bonds, 2003 pastel - 3.1: Good Tidings Foundation, 1998-present book jacket illustrations - 3.1: folder 1, 3.1: Charlotte Chandler 1978-84, 4.1: 1973, 1982, 1988-89
Book of the Month Club - 3.2.5, 3.2. -- Winners -- , 1983, Harry N. Abrams , Text Drafts
books
by Mr. Neiman - see Publications files in Series 3.2
by others, containing Mr. Neiman's works - see Licensing Art and Design by Cynthia Revelli, Skip Singleton tennis books, see also book jacket illustrations
bookstores - see Publications files in series 3.2 for information on book signings at bookstores
Borg, Bjorn - see tennis
Borstal Boy - 2.1: 1984, 3.1: Borstal Boy 1970
Bosley, Thad - see Skoal Pinch Hitter
Bourgeois, Louise - 3.1: "Cig Art" Benefit Exhibitions 1996-2000
Bourne, Bob - 4.1: 1983
Bowe, Riddick - see boxing
Bowlers Journal - see bowling
Bowles, Franklin - see Bowles Galleries
Bowles Galleries - 1.2: Bowles Galleries, see exhibitions, see also Timothy Yarger Fine Art
bowling -- - 2.1: 1976
Anthony, Earl - 3.1: Million Dollar Strike, 1982
Carter, Don - 3.1: Million Dollar Strike, 1982
Esposito, Frank - 2.1: 1986, 1996, 3.1: Million Dollar Strike, 1982
Million Dollar Strike, 1982 - 3.1: Million Dollar Strike, 1982
Varipapa, Andy - 3.1: Million Dollar Strike, 1982
boxing -- - 3.1: Ali vs. Frazier I, 1971, 3.1: Ali vs. Frazier III "The Thrilla in Manila," 1975, 3.1: Ali vs. Spinks 1978, 3.1: Sportsman's Ball 1978, 3.1: Ali vs. Holmes 1980, 3.1: Duran vs. Leonard I, II, III 1980-89, 3.1: Hearns vs. Leonard 1981, 3.1: Tribute to Joe Louis (Holmes vs. Spinks) 1981, 3.1: Holmes vs. Cooney 1982, 3.1: Hagler vs. Hearns 1985, 3.1: Mike Tyson Portraits 1986-1990s, 3.1: Tyson vs. Spinks 1988, 3.1: McGirt vs. Whitaker 1993, 3.1: Tyson vs. Holyfield 1991-1996, 3.1: Holyfield -Lewis and Ali vs. Frazier I, 1971, 1999, 3.1: Lewis vs. Tyson 2002, 3.1: De La Hoya vs. Vargas 2002, 4.1: 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1970, 1971, 1972, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1979, 1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1985, 1987, 1988, 1989, undated 1990s, 1990, 1991, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002
Ali, Muhammad - see Ali vs. Frazier, 3.1: Lewis vs. Tyson 2002, .2.1: 2001, 3.1: GOAT (Greatest of All Time - A Tribute to Muhammad Ali) Book by Taschen, 2004, 3.2.1, 3.2.16, 4.1: 1964, 1965, 1966, 1967, 1970, 1971, 1974, 1976, 1977, 1978, 1980, 1985 1991, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 4.2: Playboy Ephemera 1960s, 4.2: The Ring Magazine as artist - 2.1: 1979, 4.1: 1966, 1967, 1970 ov, 1979
Muhammad Ali - Athlete of the Century, 2000 - 3.1: Muhammad Ali - Athlete of the Century, 2000-2002
Muhammad Ali - The Greatest Collector's Edition Magazine, 2002 - 4.1: 2002
Ali vs. Foreman, Zaire poster, 1974 - 4.1: 1974, 2000, 2002
Ali vs. Frazier
Ali vs. Frazier I, 1971 - 3.1: Ali vs. Frazier I, 1971
Ali vs. Frazier I, 1971, 1999 - 3.1: Holyfield -Lewis and Ali vs. Frazier I, 1999, 4.1: 2000
Ali vs. Frazier II etchings, 1974 - 3.1: Ali vs. Frazier I, 1971, 3.1: Circle Gallery 1972, 3.1: Ali vs. Frazier II, 1974, 3.1: Ali vs. Frazier III "The Thrilla in Manila," 1975, 4.1: 1990
Fight of the Century poster, 1971 - 3.1: Ali vs. Frazier I, 1971
Thrilla in Manila poster, 1975 - 3.1: Ali vs. Frazier III "The Thrilla in Manila," 1975, 4.1: 2000
Ali vs. Holmes, 1980 - 3.1: Ali -Holmes 1980, 4.1: 2000
Ali vs. Spinks, 1978 - 3.1: Ali vs. Spinks 1978, 4.1: 2000
Bobrick - 4.1: 1977
Bowe, Riddick - 4.1: 1993, 1995, 1996, 4.2: The Ring Magazine
Boxers Ball - 4.1: 1997
Boxing Beat Magazine - 4.1: 1988
Boxing Illustrated - 4.1: 1993
Boxing at the Ritz - 4.1: 1993
Boxing Writers Association of America - 1.1: Awards, 4.1: 1967, 1985, 2004
Brenner, Teddy - 2.1: 1978, 1979, 4.1: 1978, 4.2: The Ring Magazine
Camacho, Hector - 4.1: 1986, 1997
Chavez, Julio Cesar - 4.1: 1993, 1996
Julio Cesar Chavez, pastel - 4.1: 1996
Julio Cesar Chavez, 1996 drawing - 4.1: 1996
Clay, Cassius - see Muhammad Ali
Coetzee - 4.1: 1984
Cooney, Gerry - see Holmes vs. Cooney, 2.1: 1989, 2000, 4.1: 1981, 1987, 2001, 4.2: The Ring Magazine
De La Hoya, Oscar - 3.1: The Fight of the Millennium, 1999, 3.1: De La Hoya vs. Vargas 2002, 3.1: De La Hoya vs. Hopkins 2004, 4.1: 1995, 1997
Oscar De La Hoya, 1995 - 4.1: 1997
De La Hoya vs. Mosely poster 2000 - 3.1: De La Hoya vs. Mosley 2000
De La Hoya vs. Whitaker, 1997 - 4.1: 1997
Dundee, Angelo - 3.1: Angelo Dundee Tribute 2002
Duran, Roberto - 3.1: Duran vs. Leonard I, II, III 1980 -1989, 4.1: 1980, 1983, 1984, 1994, 1995, 4.2: The Ring Magazine
Ellis, Jimmy - 4.1: 1973 ov
F.I.S.T. - 2.1: 2000, 4.1: 2000, 2001
film, documentary - see Win a Few, Lose a Few, 1972
Foreman, George - see Ali vs. Foreman, 2.1: 1989, 4.1: undated, 1973, 1974, 1976, 1993, 1995, 1999, 4.2: The Ring Magazine
Foreman Frazier Fight - 4.1: undated
Foreman vs. Holmes, 1999 - 4.1: 1999
Frazier, Joe - see Ali vs. Frazier, 2.1: 1975, 4.1: undated, 1969 ov, 1971, 1972, 1973, 1976, 1981, 1992, 1998, 4.2: The Ring Magazine
Golden Gloves Championships - 4.1: 2000, 2001
Golota, Andrew - 4.1: 1996
Grant, Michael - see Lewis vs. Grant, 4.2: The Ring Magazine, 4.1: 2001
Holmes vs. Cooney poster, 1982 - 3.1: Holmes vs. Cooney 1982, 4.1: 2000
Holmes, Larry - see Ali vs. Holmes, Holmes vs. Cooney, 3.1: Tribute to Joe Louis (Holmes vs. Spinks) 1981, 4.1: 1984, 1999, 2001, 4.2: The Ring Magazine
Holmes vs. Cooney poster, 1982 - 3.1: Holmes vs. Cooney 1982, 4.1: 2000
Holmes vs. Shavers poster, 1979 - 4.1: 1979, 2000
Holmes vs. Spinks, 1985 poster - 4.1: 1985
Holyfield, Evander - see Tyson vs. Holyfield, 3.1: Holyfield-Lewis and Ali vs. Frazier I, 1999, 4.1: 1994, 1995, 1996, 2003
Hopkins, Bernard - Bernard Hopkins, 2004 - 3.1: De La Hoya vs. Hopkins 2004 Introduction of the Champions of the Ring, 1964-65 (or Ringside Madison Square Garden) - 4.1: 1965, 1983
Jones, Jr., Roy - 4.1: 1994, 1995, 1996, 2000; Roy Jones, Jr. - 4.1: 2000
King, Don - 4.1: 1977, 2003
Latin Legends - 4.1: 1992
Leonard, Sugar Ray - 3.1: Hearns vs. Leonard 1981, 3.1: Duran vs. Leonard I, II, III 1980-89, 4.1: 1980 ov, 1997, 4.2: The Ring Magazine
Lewis, Lennox - see Lewis vs. Grant, 3.1: Holyfield -Lewis and Ali vs. Frazier I, 1999, 4.1: 1994, 1995, 2001
Lewis vs. Grant poster, 2000 - 4.1: 2000 and ov
Lewis vs. Tyson poster, 2002 - 3.1: Lewis vs. Tyson 2002
Louis, Joe - 3.1: Tribute to Joe Louis (Holmes vs. Spinks fight) 1981
Joe Louis, 1983 - 3.1: Kayo Joe Louis Boxing Card 1991, 4.1: 1991
Malave, Chu Chu - 4.1: 1973
Mathis, Buster - 4.1: 1971
The Maulers 1993 lithograph - 4.1: 1993
Mayweather, Floyd - 4.1: 2000
McGirt, James "Buddy" - 3.1: McGirt vs. Whitaker 1993
Morrison, Tommy - 4.1: 1993, 1995
Mosely, Shane - see De La Hoya vs. Mosely
North American Boxing Federation - 4.1: 2000
Norton, Ken - 4.1: 1976, 1981, 4.2: The Ring Magazine
New Jersey Boxing Hall of Fame - 1.1: Awards - Inductions, 4.1: 2000
Olympic boxing - see Olympics
Patterson, Floyd - 4.1: 1972
Quarry, Jerry - 4.1: 1969 ov, 1970, 4.2: The Ring Magazine
Red Boxers, 1973 - 4.1: 1973
Reid, David
David Reid, 1998 - 4.1: 1998
Ring Magazine - 3.2. -- Winners -- , 1983, Harry N. Abrams, 4.1: 1966, 4.2: The Ring Magazine
Ringside and Training Principles, by Goodman and Homansky 2001 - 3.1: Ringside and Training Principles by Goodman and Homansky 2001
Robinson, Sugar Ray - 2.1: 1989, 4.1: 1989, 1994; Sugar Ray Robinson, 1969 - 4.1: 1969, 1998
Rocky - see Rocky films
Salute to Boxing Greats Award - 1.1: Awards
Shavers, Earnie - see Holmes vs. Shavers, 4.1: 1973 ov, 1977, 4.2: The Ring Magazine Spinks, Leon - see Ali vs. Spinks, 3.1: Tribute to Joe Louis (Holmes vs. Spinks) 1981, 4.2: The Ring Magazine
Spinks, Michael - 3.1: Tyson vs. Spinks 1988, 4.1: 1987, 4.2: The Ring Magazine
Sting Like a Bee by Jose Torres and Bert Sugar - 2.1: 1972
Thornton, Wayne - 4.1: 1966
Toney, James - 4.1: 2003, James Toney, 1994 - 4.1: 2004
Torres, Jose - 4.1: 1966
Trinidad, Felix - 2.1: 1999, 3.1: The Fight of the Millennium, 1999
Tyson, Mike - 3.1: Mike Tyson portraits 1986-90s, 3.1: Tyson vs. Spinks 1988, 3.1: Lewis vs. Tyson 2002, 4.1: 1986, 1988, 1989, 1995, 1996, 1999 portraits - 4.2: The Ring Magazine, 4.1: 1999, 2001
Tyson vs. Holyfield, 1996 - 3.1: Tyson vs. Holyfield 1991-1996
Vargas, Fernando - 3.1: De La Hoya vs. Vargas 2002
World Boxing Association Annual Awards Dinner - 4.1: 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 1998, 2000
World Boxing League - 4.1: Undated 2000s
Boy Scouts of America - 2.1: 1989, 4.1: 1989 ov
Boys' Athletic League - 4.1: 1974
Boys and Girls Clubs of America - 4.1: 1977, All Sports Hall of Fame Dinner - 4.1: undated 1970s, 1996, 1997, Legends & Fans Dinner - 4.1: 1990
Boys Town of Italy - 4.1: 1987, 1988, 1992
Bradley, Bill - 3.1: Bill Bradley 1978 -2000, 3.1: Women's Basketball Hall of Fame, 1993, 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman: An American in Paris -- , 1994, 4.1: 1981, 1999
Branca, Ralph - 3.1: The Shot Heard 'Round the World, 1991, 2.1: 1994, 4.1: 1994
Brayton, Scott - see auto racing
Brazil Stock Exchange, 1985 - 2.1: 1985
Brenner, Teddy - see boxing
Brett, George - 4.1: 1990; George Brett, 1992 - 4.1: 1992
Brice, Bobbie - 4.1: 1982
Bride's Magazine -- - 3.1: Early Fashion Illustration 1949-57
Broadway - see musicals or Times Square, 2001
Brooklyn Bridge, 1995 - 1.1: Honorary Degrees - Saint Francis College, 3.1: Brooklyn Bridge, 1995, 4.1: 1995, 1998
Bush, President George H.W. and Barbara - 1.1: Honorary Degrees c., 2.1: 1989
Bush, President George W. - 2.1: 2003
Bushkin, Joe - 4.1: 1997
Busker Alley - 3.1: "Busker Alley," 1995
Byrams, Gina - 3.1: Hammer Galleries Solo Exhibition 1970
Byrne, Janet - see Neiman, Janet
C
CBS Sports television - 2.1: 1979, 2.2: CBS Sports, 4.1: 1978, 1985
CD ROM - VII
Caesar's Palace - see casinos
Cahill, Very Reverend Joseph - 1.1: Honorary Degrees, St. John's University, Honorary Doctorate, 1980, St. John's University, Gold Medal of Honor, 1985
Caine, Michael - 2.1: 1981
Calder, Alexander - 4.1: 1973 (see exhibitions, two-person)
calendars - 4.1: 1974 ov, 1976, 3.1: Wild Animals and Art of Sport Calendars 1992-94 and ov, 3.1: Golf Courses Calendar 1996
California Cuisine (The Lark Creek Inn), 198? - 3.1: Saks Fifth Avenue 1994-1999, 4.1: 2004
Call of the Wild -- , by Jack London - 3.1: -- Call of the Wild -- 1993
Camacho, Hector - see boxing
Camp David Peace Accords, 1998 - see Carter, President Jimmy
Campbell, Earl - 2.1: 1982
Campbell's Soup - 4.1: 2004
Cannes Film Festival - 3.1: Beauty, the Beach, and the Bizarre 1984
Cape Town, South Africa - 4.1: 1997
Capone, Al, Al Capone - 3.1: Circle Gallery 1972, 4.1: 1972, 1992, 1995
Cappy Productions - 2.1: 2000
Caracas, Venezuela - 2.1: 1972, 1976, 1977, 1980, see exhibitions: Museo de Bellas Artes
"Caring is Fashionable" - 4.1: 1981
Carlson, Bill - see "Neiman's Cuba"
Carnaval, 1981 - 3.2.6, 3.2 ov., see Haskell, Nikki
Carousel, 1958 - 4.1: 1950s
The Carousel of Hope - see also Appendix A, 3.1: Carousel Ball 1982-present
Trump Taj Mahal, Atlantic City - see Trump, Donald
Vegas Blackjack - 4.1: 1984, 1996
catalogue raisonnes - 3.2.5, 3.2.9, 3.2.14
Cavett, Dick - 2.1: 1999
"Celebration 2000" Exhibition - 3.2.14
Celebrity Night at Spago, 1993 - 3.1: Celebrity Night at Spago, 1993
Centaur Galleries, Las Vegas - see exhibitions
Center Art Galleries, Hawaii - 3.1: Center Art Galleries Exhibition, Hawaii 1985, 4.1: 1984, 1987
Central Park Boathouse - see restaurants
cereal box - see Wheaties
Chabot Galleries - 2.1: 1989
Chamberlain, Wilt - see 3.1: Basketball Superstars, 1975 -76, 3.1: Kareem Abdul -Jabbar, 1984, 3.1: Wilt Chamberlain 2000, 4.1: 1981
champagne - 3.1: Duval LeRoy Champagne 1999-2001
Champagne Taittinger - 3.1: 1993
Champagne...Uncorked! by Rosemary Zraly - 3.1: Saks Fifth Avenue 1994-1999, 3.1: Champagne...Uncorked! by Rosemary Zraly 1996
Champions vs. MS - 2.1: 1977
Champs-Elysses
Le Champs- Elysses, 1992 - 4.1: 1996
The Champs-Elysees, la Voie Triomphale, 1994 - 4.1: 1997
Chandler, Charlotte - 3.1: Charlotte Chandler 1978-84, 3.1: March of Dimes' Gourmet Gala 1985
Channel Thirteen, New York - 2.1: 1984, 4.1: 1983
Charismatic - 4.1: 1999
charity - 2.1: Charities (all files), see also AIMS (Committee to Aid Multiple Sclerosis), American Cancer Society, American Diabetes Association, American Heart Association, Association for the Help of Retarded Children (AHRC), Boys & Girls Clubs of America, Boys Town of Italy, Carousel of Hope (Children's Diabetes Foundation), Champions vs. MS, Children's Hearing Institute, Citymeals-on-Wheels, Concern's Charity of Champions, Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, Doodle for Hunger, Good Tidings Foundation, Hope House Ministries, Hospital Relief Fund of the Caribbean, International Heart Foundation, International Sephardic Education Foundation, Jackie Robinson Foundation (under Robinson, Jackie), Jimmy Fund, Juvenile Diabetes Foundation, Leukemia Society of America, Make-a-Wish Foundation, Monmouth Park Charity Ball, Muscular Dystrophy Association, Myasthenia Gravis Foundation, National Multiple Sclerosis Society, North Shore Child and Family Guidance Association, Race to Erase MS, Rock for the Cure, Ronald McDonald House, Special Olympics, United Cerebral Palsy Association, United Way, 4.1: 1981, 1992, 1999; see also animals: rescue
Charlie Cosmetics - see promotions
Chavez, Julio Cesar - see boxing
chef - 3.1: James Beard 1985-87, see also Bennett, Chef John; Clark, Chef Patrick; Kopf, Stefan; Lomonaco, Chef Michael; food; restaurants; Soltner, Chef Andre
Chemical Bank - 2.2: Manufacturers Hanover and Chemical Bank, VII: Box 3
Cher - 4.1: 1981
chess - see Fischer, Bobby
Chicago Board of Trade, 1974-75 - 2.1: 1977, 1989, 4.1: 1977
Chicago Public Library - 4.1: 1955-59
Chicago Serigraphic Workshop - 2.1: 1977
children, artwork by - 2.2: Artwork from Children
children, letters from - 2.2: Mrs. Vladimir's Class 1975-85, 2.2: Hutchinson KS, Elementary Schools, 1976-78, 2.2: Mr. Silver's Class 1978-81, see also various letters in 2.1 Fan Mail files
Children at Heart - 4.1: 1996
Childrens Diabetes Foundation - 3.1: Carousel Ball 1982-present
Children's Hearing Institute - 4.1: 1994
China - 2.1: 1983
Chinaglia, Georgio - see soccer
Choate School - 4.1: 1969
Christie's - 4.1: 1978
Christina Galice Gallery - 2.1: 1990
churches -- - 4.1: 1964, 1965; The Organ at St. Paul the Apostle, 1965 - 4.1: 1965
Components of Fire by (Aaron Sigmond or Jim Mauro) with Foreword by LeRoy Neiman - 2.1: 1997
Playboy's LeRoy Neiman Selection by Don Diego - 3.1: Playboy's LeRoy Neiman Selection by Don Diego, 1997
Puro Cigar Company - see Sigmond, Aaron
Rhythm and Smoke Cigar Video - 3.1: Rhythm and Smoke Cigar Industry Video 1997-1998
Wine, Women and Cigar, 1996 - 3.1: Playboy's LeRoy Neiman Selection Cigars 1996, 4.1: 1999, 4.2: -- Bartender -- Magazine Cincotti, Peter - 4.1: 2002 ov.
Circle Galleries, Chicago and New York - 2.1: 1979, 1989, 4.1: 1973, 1981, 1989, 1.2: Felicie Correspondence, see exhibitions, solo: Circle Galleries and "Ali-Frazier"
Circus, 2000 - 3.1: Circus 2000, 4.1: 2001
Cirker - Hayes Warehouse - IID: Inventory of Prints Stored in Warehouse 1970s-80s
Cities in Schools - 3.1: Cities in Schools and Harlem Streets, 1981, 4.2: Arts Magazine
City by the Bay, 1993 - see San Francisco
City By The Bay, by Charles Fracchia, cover illustration by LeRoy Neiman - 3.1: San Francisco Series 1991-93
Clinton, President Bill - 3.2. -- Big Time Golf -- , 1992, 4.1: 1992
clothing - VII
clothing stores - see Marshall Fields, Neiman Marcus, Pallack, Rick, and Saks Fifth Avenue, 4.1: 1958
Clough, Charles - 4.1: 1986
Club El Morocco - 4.1: 1979
Clubhouse Turn, 1975 - see horse racing
Coalition for the Homeless - 4.1: 1986
Coca-Cola Company - 2.1: 1994
Coetzee - see boxing
Coghlan, Eamon - see running
Cohen, Mouli - 3.1: Soft Paintings 1989
collectibles - see promotions
collectors - 4.1: 1969, 1980, 1981, see Wolfson
college sports - see basketball, football
Columbia Space Shuttle - 4.1: Undated ov
Columbia University - School of the Arts - 3.1: LeRoy Neiman Center for Print Studies, Columbia University 1995-present; School of General Studies - 2.1: 1977
Comaneci, Nadia - see gymnastics
Comedia dell' Arte - 3.1: Royal Doulton collectible plates 1974-78
comic strips - see -- Doonesbury
commercials - see Promotions
Commodities Magazine - see The Chicago Board of Trade, 1974-75
Concern Foundation
Concern's Charity of Champions - 4.1: 1983
conductors - see Bernstein, Leonard; Slatkin, Leonard
Contemporary University - 4.1: 1980
Cooney, Gerry - see boxing
computer art - 4.1: 1975
Conner, Bart - see gymnastics
Converse - 2.1: 1982
Bill Corum Award - 1.1: Awards
Corvette, Limited Edition Neiman - 3.1: Corvette 1984, V: 1980s, Rendezvous a la Corvette, 1984 - 3.1: Corvette 1984
Cosby, Bill - 4.1: 1991, 1997
Cosell, Howard - 4.1: 1987, 1995, V: 1991
cosmetics - see promotions
Cotton Club - 4.1: undated
Countdown to Superbowl, by Dave Anderson - 3.1: Countdown to Superbowl by Dave Anderson 1969
Country Rambler -- Magazine - 2.1: 1976, 4.1: 1976 ov
Couples - 4.1: 1976
Cow Parade, NYC - 3.1: Cow Parade NYC, 2000
cowboys - see The Lone Ranger, National Cowboy Hall of Fame, rodeo
Creative Communications - 2.1: 1976
cricket - 4.1: 1961
Crosby, Bing - 3.1: 43rd Crosby National Pro-Am, 1984
Csonka, Larry - 4.1: 1973, 1974; Larry Csonka - 4.1: 1972
Cuba - 3.1: "LeRoy Neiman in Cuba" Solo Exhibition, Pratt Institute, New York, 2003, 4.1: 1979
Cuban Dancers, 1997 - 3.1: Rhythm and Smoke Cigar Video 1997-98
The Culinary Arts exhibition - 3.1: The Culinary Arts exhibition 1998
Culinary Institute of America - 4.1: 2000
Cunningham, Merce - see dance
Current Biography - 4.1: 1996
Curtis, Mike - 3.1: Gridiron Football News 1971-1973
Curtis, Tony - 2.1: 1988
cycling
3.1: Tour de Trump
Boul Mich Bike Rally, 1978 - 2.1: 1983, 4.1: 1978 ov
Indoor Cycling - 4.1: 2000, 2002
Tour de France - 4.1: 1984
Cystic Fibrosis Foundation - 4.1: 1996
D
Daily Double - see Fran Joswick Therapeutic Riding Center
Dalai Lama - 2.1: 2003
Daley, Robert - 4.1: 1966
Daley, Mayor Richard - 4.1: 1968
Dali, Salvador - 4.1: 1977, 1986, 1991, 2002 (mentioned throughout 1980s and 1990s)
Dan's Papers - 2.1: 1998, 1999, 4.1: 1997 ov
dance -- - see also ballet
Cunningham, Merce
Merce Cunningham Studio - 4.1: 2004
"Fringe TOMAR 2000" Festival Internacional de Danca Contemporanea, 2000 - VII
Graham, Martha - 2.1: 1989
Jacki Sorenson, 1981 - 4.1: 1981
Davidson Gallery - 4.1: 1986
Davis, Marvin and Barbara - 2.1: 1985, 3.1: Carousel Ball 1982-present
Davis, Jr. , Sammy - 3.1: Frank Sinatra at Royal Albert Hall 1989, 4.1: 1964, 1981, 1982, 1984, 1991, V: early 1960s, Bojangles, 1984 - 4.1: 1986
Dawkins, Peter - 2.1: 1980, 3.1: Peter Dawkins Poster 1988
De la Hoya, Oscar - see boxing
De La Vega, James - 4.1: 1999
Dean Day Gallery - 2.1: 1982, 1983, 1989, see also exhibitions
Dear Muffo, by Harold Conrad - 4.1: 1982
Edward J. DeBartolo Corporation - 2.2: DeBartolo Corporation and Associated Institutions 1989-91
DeBusschere, Dave - 4.1: 1974
The Dedication - 4.1: 1969
Deer Path Art League - 4.1: 1950s
Defiant, 1987 - see sculpture
Degregorio, Ernie - 2.1: 1976
Dekker, Mary - V: 1980s
Del Coronado Petit Galop, 1976 - 4.1: 1976
Del Greco, Maria -2.3: Letters from Artists, 4.1: undated, 1996
Delacroix's Tiger - see animals
Delligatti, Ralph - 4.1: 1992
Denver, CO - see auto racing
Denver, John - 4.1: 1994
Derek, Bo and John - 2.1: 1998, 4.1: 1985
Des Moines, Iowa
Des Moines Ballet - 3.1: Des Moines Ballet Commissions 1983-1986
Des Moines Symphony - 4.1: 1979
Desert Inn, Las Vegas - see casinos: Caesar's
Desert Symphony - see music: classical
designers - 4.1: 1997
Dewar's - 4.1: 1971
Dial-A-Dinner - 4.1: 1994
Diamond, Neil - 4.1: 1984
El Diario la Prensa - 2.1: 1987
A Dictionary of Sporting Artists, by Mary Ann Wingfield - 4.1: 1992
Dill, Bob - 2.1: 1997, 1999
Diller, Phyllis - 2.1: 1995, 1996, 1999
DiMaggio, Joe - 4.1: 1992
Joe DiMaggio: Yankee Clipper, 1998 - 3.1: Joe DiMaggio 1998-1999, 4.1:1998 Joe DiMaggio: Study for "Yankee Clipper", 1998 - 3.1: Joe DiMaggio 1998-1999
DiPietro, Marylou - 2.1: 1979, 3.2.3
diving - see swimming and diving
Dixon, Rod - see running
dog - see animals
Dokes, Michael - 4.1: 1993
Domingo, Placido - 3.1: The Three Tenors, 1996
Doodle for Hunger - 3.1: Doodle for Hunger I, II, III, IV, V, 2000-2004
Doonesbury -- - 4.1: 1981
Door County - 3.1: "LeRoy Neiman - A Retrospective Exhibition of Works on Paper," Fairfield Gallery, 2001
Dorfman, Fred - see Fred Dorfman, Inc.
Dorset, Tony - 2.1: 1982
Doubletake Gallery - 4.1: 1999
Douglas, Kirk, Kirk Douglas, 1984 - 2.1: 1999, 3.1: National Cowboy Hall of Fame 1985
dreams - 3.1: Folies Bergere, Tropicana, Las Vegas 1983
Drinhaus, Helmut - 2.2: Helmut Drinhaus 1988-2000
Driscoll, John (President of Iona College) - 1.1: Honorary Degrees, Iona College, Honorary Doctorate, 1985
Dubai - 2.1: 1988
Dublin Bar "The Stag's Head" - see The Stag's Head Bar, 1961
Dufresne, Isabelle - 4.1: 1988
Duguay, Ron - 4.1: 1982
Dundee, Angelo - see boxing
Duneier, Clyde - 4.1: 1993
Dupont, Andre - 4.1: 1974
Dupont pens - see promotions
Duran, Roberto - see boxing
Durocher, Leo - 3.1: Leo Durocher 1974-94, 3.1: Phil Rizzuto 1994, 4.1: 1968, Leo Durocher - 3.1: Leo Durocher 1974-94
Duval LeRoy, Carol - 3.1: Duval LeRoy Champagne, 1999
Einstein, Albert - Albert Einstein, 1992 drawing - 2.1: 1991
Eiteljorg, Harrison and Sonja - 2.2: Harrison and Sonja Eiteljorg, 3.1: "Sketches of the XXth Olympiad," Solo Exhibition, Indianapolis Museum of Art, 1972-73, 4.1: undated, 1963, 1986, 1994
Elayne Galleries - 2.1: 1979, 1989, 3.1: Elayne Galleries and P.J. Clarke's, 1978, 3.1: Stadium Tennis Billboard, 1981, 4.1: 2001, see also exhibitions
elephant paintings - see animals
Elkins Entertainment - 3.1: Rhythm and Smoke Cigar Video, 1997
Elles & Eux -- Magazine - 4.1: 1961
Ellington, Duke - see jazz
Ellis, Jimmy - 4.1: 1971
Ellis Island Medal of Honor - 1.1: Awards
Elway, John - 3.1: John Elway, 1999
Emerald Art Gallery - 2.1: 1977, 3.1: Emerald Art Gallery Solo Exhibition 1976
English, John - 1.1: Military Service
equestrian - see horses
Erte -- - 4.1: 1990, 1980s and 1990s (mentioned throughout)
Erving, Julius - see Basketball Superstars, 1975-76, Julius Erving, 1975 - 3.1: Julius Erving 1975-76
etchings - 2.1: 1977, 3.1: Malletmen etching Certificate, 1977, 1.2: Bowles Galleries Correspondence 1970s, see also boxing: Ali vs. Frazier II etchings, 1974, and soccer: Soccer, 1989 etching, The Etchings of LeRoy Neiman, 1976 Knoedler booklet - 3.1: The Etchings of LeRoy Neiman, 1976 booklet (ov)
Eve Models, Ltd. - 4.1: 1971, 1974
Everson, Cory - see bodybuilding
Evert, Chris - see tennis
Ewbank, Weeb - 3.1: Gridiron Football News 1971-1973, 4.1: 1978
exhibitions -- - Note: Solo and group exhibitions are listed alphabetically by the venue name
American Fine Art Editions, Inc., "Superbowl XXX," Jan 1996 - 3.1: Superbowl XXX Exhibition 1996
American Fletcher National Bank - see Indianapolis Museum of Art
l'art et l'automobile gallery, "Monte Carlo Chase," New York 1988 - 3.2. Monte Carlo Chase, 1988, Van Der Marck Editions, Ltd., Related Exhibitions
l'art et l'automobile gallery, New York, 1989 - no materials
The Art Exchange, Creve Coeur, MO, 1978 - 3.1: The Art Exchange Solo Exhibitions, Creve Coeur, MO 1978-79
The Art Exchange, Creve Coeur, MO, 1979 - 3.1: The Art Exchange Solo Exhibitions, Creve Coeur, MO 1978-79
Art Gallery-Studio 53 Ltd., New York 1975 - 4.1: 1975
Art Gallery-Studio 53 Ltd., New York 1976 - 4.1: 1976
Astor Tower French Center, Chicago, "Vie de France," 1965 - 3.1: "Vie de France" Solo Exhibition, Astor Tower, Chicago 1965
Backstage Gallery, Osaka, Japan - 4.1: 1989
Baja - 4.1: 1989
Base Art Collection, 1990 - 4.1: 1990
Bowles/Hopkins Gallery, San Francisco, 1977 - 3.1: Bowles Hopkins Solo Exhibition, San Francisco, 1977
Bowles/Hopkins Gallery, San Francisco, 1980 - 2.1: 1980, 4.1: 1980
Bowles/Hopkins Gallery, San Francisco 1981 - 4.1: 1981
Bowles/Hopkins Gallery show celebrating Winners, 1983 - 3.2. -- Winners -- , 1983, Harry N. Abrams
Bowles/Hopkins Gallery, "The Olympic Spirit," San Francisco, 1984 - 3.1: 1984 Olympics
Bowles/Hopkins Gallery show celebrating the Superbowl, 1985 - 4.1: 1985
Bowles/Hopkins Gallery, February 1986 - 3.1: Nob Hill, Buena Vista and Bowles Hopkins Gallery 1986
Bowles/Hopkins Gallery, October 1986 - 3.1: Nob Hill, Buena Vista and Bowles Hopkins Gallery 1986
Bowles/Sorokko Galleries, "Neiman's Neimans: A Retrospective," San Francisco, 1987 - 3.1: Bowles/Sorokko Galleries Solo Exhibitions, San Francisco ("Neiman's Neimans") and Beverly Hills 1987
Bowles/Sorokko Galleries, "LeRoy Neiman: Monte Carlo," San Francisco 1988 - 3.2. Monte Carlo Chase, 1988, Van Der Marck Editions, Ltd., Related Exhibitions
Bowles/Sorokko Galleries, Polo Lounge Debut, Beverly Hills, April 1989 - 3.1: Polo Lounge debut at Bowles/Sorokko Galleries, Beverly Hills 1989
Bowles/Sorokko Galleries, San Francisco, May 1990 - 3.1: Bay Area Baseball debut at Bowles/Sorokko, San Francisco 1990
Bowles/Sorokko, Beverly Hills, October 1990 - 4.1: 1990
Bowles/Sorokko Galleries, "The Prints of LeRoy Neiman 1980 -1990," Beverly Hills, 1991 - 3.2. The Prints of LeRoy Neiman, 1980-1990, 1991
Bowles/Sorokko Galleries, "LeRoy Neiman's San Francisco," San Francisco 1991 - 3.1: San Francisco Series 1991-93
Bowles/Sorokko Galleries, "LeRoy Neiman: Downtown," New York 1992 - 4.1: 1992
Bowles/Sorokko Galleries, "Big Time Golf," Beverly Hills, San Francisco, and New York, 1992 - 3.2. -- Big Time Golf -- , 1992, Publicity and Related Exhibitions
Bowles/Sorokko Galleries, City by the Bay Debut, San Francisco, 1993 - 3.1: San Francisco Series, 1991-1993
Bowles/Sorokko Galleries, "An American in Paris," Beverly Hills, San Francisco, and New York, 1994 - 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman: An American in Paris -- , 1994, Related Exhibitions
Bowles/Sorokko Galleries, San Francisco, 1995 - 4.1: 1995
Bowles/Sorokko/Yarger Galleries, "Portraits of Our Times 1946-1996", Beverly Hills and San Francisco 1996 - 3.1: "Portraits of Our Times 1946-96" Solo Exhibition and Catalog, Bowles/Sorokko/Yarger Galleries, 1996
Brentano's Gallery, New York, 1973 - 4.1: 1973
Brentano's Gallery, New York, 1979 - 2.1: 1979, 4.1: 1979
Brentano's Gallery, New York, 1980 - 4.1: 1980
Butler Institute of American Art, Exhibition at "The Art Spirit" Event, April 1990 - 4.1: 1990
Carol Condit Galleries, White Plains, 1975 - 4.1: 1975
Casa Grafica, Helsinki, Finland, 1977 - 3.1: Casa Grafica Solo Exhibition, Helsinki, Finland, 1977
"Celebration 2000," 2000 - 3.2. -- The Prints of LeRoy Neiman -- , 1991-2000, 2001
Centaur Galleries, Las Vegas, 2000 - 4.1: 2000
Centaur Sculpture Galleries, "The Safari Suite," Las Vegas 1996 - 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman On Safari -- , 1996, Related Exhibitions
Center Art Galleries, Honolulu, Hawaii, 1985 - 3.1: Center Art Galleries Exhibition, Hawaii, 1985
Dyansen Gallery, Trump Taj Mahal, 1992 - 3.1: Dyansen Gallery Solo Exhibition, Atlantic City, and The Beatles serigraph 1992
Elayne Galleries, Minneapolis, MN, 1978 - 3.1: Elayne Galleries Solo Exhibition and P.J. Clarkes, Minneapolis, 1978
Emerald Art Gallery, Coronado, CA, 1976 - 3.1: Emerald Art Gallery Solo Exhibition, Coronado, CA 1976
Fairfield Gallery, "LeRoy Neiman - A Retrospective Exhibition of Works on Paper," 2001 - 3.1: "LeRoy Neiman - A Retrospective Exhibition of Works on Paper," Fairfield Gallery, 2001
Fahlnaes Konstsalong, Sweden, 1976 - 3.1: Sweden Exhibitions 1976-77
Famous-Barr, St. Louis, MO, 1980 - 3.1: Famous-Barr Olympic Benefit Solo Exhibition, St. Louis 1980
The Far Gallery, "Recent Graphics and Drawings", 1971 - 3.1: "Recent Graphics and Drawings," The Far Gallery Solo Exhibition 1971
Franklin Bowles Galleries, "Animals: The Wild and the Tame", 1998 - 3.1: "Animals: The Wild and the Tame" Solo Exhibition, Franklin Bowles Gallery, San Francisco, October 1998
Franklin Bowles Galleries, "LeRoy Neiman: Master Printmaker," 2001 - 3.1: "LeRoy Neiman: Master Printmaker," Franklin Bowles Gallery, San Francisco 2001
Frankin Bowles Galleries, "LeRoy Neiman: Thirty Years in San Francisco," 2002 - 3.1: "LeRoy Neiman: Thirty Years in San Francisco," Franklin Bowles Galleries, San Francisco 2002
Franklin Bowles Galleries, "Looking Back: The Life & Times of America's Artist", Fisherman's Wharf, San Francisco, February 2004 - 4.1: 2004
Franklin Bowles Galleries, "LeRoy Neiman: The Art of Boxing," San Francisco, February 2005 - 3.1: "LeRoy Neiman: The Art of Boxing," Franklin Bowles Galleries 2005
Friars Club, 1987 - see exhibitions: New York Friars Club
Galerie 224, 1989 - 4.1: 1989
Galerie Borjeson, Malmo, Sweden, 1976 - 3.1: Sweden Exhibitions 1976-77
Galerie O. Bosc, Paris 1962 - 4.1: 1962
Galerie Marc, San Francisco, 1977 - 4.1: 1977
Galerie Marcel Bernheim, "Un Américain à Paris," Paris 1993 - 3.1: "Un Américain à Paris," Solo Exhibition, Galerie Marcel Bernheim, Paris 1993
Galerie Renee & Victor, Stockholm, Sweden, 1977 - 3.1: Sweden Exhibitions 1976-77
La Galleria d'Arte, Newport Beach, CA, 1993 - 2.2: La Galleria d'Arte, 4.1: 1993, V: 1993
La Galleria d'Arte, "An American in Paris," Newport Beach, CA, 1994 - 2.2: La Galleria d'Arte, 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman: An American in Paris -- , 1994, Related Exhibitions
La Galleria d'Arte, "LeRoy Neiman On Safari," Newport Beach, CA 1996 - 2.2: La Galleria d'Arte, 3.2. LeRoy Neiman On Safari, 1996, Related Exhibitions
Gallery One American Design, Aurora, Colorado, August 1990 - 3.1: Gallery One Solo Exhibition, Denver, Colorado, 1990
Gallery One of Writer Square, Denver, August 1990 - 3.1: Emerson Fittipaldi, 1989, 3.1: Gallery One Solo Exhibition, Denver, Colorado, 1990
Gallery 36, New York, 1973 - 4.1: 1973
Gallery 100, Mishawaka, IN, 1977 - 4.1: 1977
Gallery Hawaii, International Market Place, 1974 - 3.1: Hawaii and Japan 1974
Gallery of Modern Art, Frank Sinatra drawings, New York, 1967 - 3.1: Frank Sinatra Film Drawings Exhibition, Gallery of Modern Art 1967
Gallery Richelle, 1966 - 4.1: 1966
Gateway Gallery, Vail, CO, 1994 - 4.1: 1994
Gilbert Gallery, San Francisco, 1974 - 4.1: 1974
Grigsby Gallery, Scottsdale, AZ, 1982 - 4.1: 1982
Hammer Galleries, 1963 - 3.1: Hammer Galleries Solo Exhibition 1963
Hammer Galleries, 1965 - 3.1: Hammer Galleries Solo Exhibition 1965
Hammer Galleries, 1967 - 3.1: Hammer Galleries Solo Exhibition 1967
Hammer Galleries Exhibition of New York Jets Drawings, 1968 - 3.1: Hammer Galleries Exhibition of NY Jets Drawings, 1968
Hammer Galleries, 1970 - 3.1: Hammer Galleries Solo Exhibition 1970
Hammer Galleries, 1972 - 3.1: Hammer Galleries Solo Exhibition 1972
Hammer Galleries, 1974 - 4.1: 1974
Hammer Galleries, "LeRoy Neiman: Works on Paper," 1975-76 - 3.1: Hammer Galleries Solo Exhibition 1975-76
Hammer Galleries, "The Olympic Ring," 1976 - 3.1: 1976 Olympics, Montreal
Hammer Galleries, "Horses," 1979-80 - 3.2. Horses, 1979, Harry N. Abrams, Publicity, Reviews, and Related Exhibitions
Hammer Galleries, "Drawings: A Retrospective," 1981 - 3.1: "Drawings" A Retrospective" Solo Exhibition, Hammer Galleries 1981
Hammer Galleries, 1982 - 4.1: 1982
Hammer Galleries, "LeRoy Neiman: Winners," 1983 - 3.2. -- Winners -- , 1983, Harry N. Abrams, Publicity and Related Exhibitions; Photos, Proofs, and BLAD
Hammer Galleries, "The Olympics, Past and Present," 1984 - 3.1: 1984 Olympics, Los Angeles
Hammer Galleries, "The LeRoy Neiman Collection," 1985 - 3.1: "The LeRoy Neiman Collection" Exhibition, Hammer Galleries, 1985
Hammer Galleries, "LeRoy Neiman in Moscow," April 1987 - 3.1: "LeRoy Neiman in Moscow" Solo Exhibition, Hammer Galleries 1987
Hammer Galleries, "LeRoy Neiman: A Salute to Central Park," September 1989 - 3.1: "A Salute to Central Park" Solo Exhibition, Hammer Galleries 1989
Hammer Galleries, "Big Time Golf," 1992 - 3.2. -- Big Time Golf -- , 1992, Publicity and Related Exhibitions
Hammer Galleries, "An American in Paris," 1994 - 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman: An American in Paris -- , 1994, Related Exhibitions
Hammer Galleries, "LeRoy Neiman On Safari," New York, 1996 - 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman On Safari -- , 1996, Related Exhibitions
Hammer Galleries, "A View from the Table," Solo Exhibition, New York, 2003 - 3.1: "A View from the Table" Solo Exhibition, Hammer Galleries, New York, 2003
Hilliard Gallery, Kansas City, October 1989 - V: 1989
Hilliard Gallery, "The Safari Suite," Kansas City, MO, 1996 - 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman On Safari -- , 1996, Related Exhibitions
Horizon Gallery, Kuhio Mall, Waikiki Beach 1980 - 4.1: 1980 and ov
Hotrod Vintage Car Museum and Dance Club, 1989 - 4.1: 1989
Indianapolis Museum of Art, "Sketches of the XXth Olympiad," Miliken Gallery, 1972-73 - 3.1: "Sketches of the XXth Olympiad," Solo Exhibition, Indianapolis Museum of Art, 1972-73
Indianapolis Museum of Art, Downtown Gallery at American Fletcher National Bank, 1976 - 2.1: 1976, 3.1: Indianapolis Museum of Art Solo Exhibition 1976
Japan - see exhibitions: Backstage Gallery, exhibitions: Hanae Mori Building and exhibitions: Tobu Gallery
Jewish Community Center, Bridgeport, CT, 1976 - 4.1: 1976
JoAnn Perse Gallery, Little Rock, 1983 - 3.2. -- Winners -- , 1983, Harry N. Abrams
JoAnn Perse Gallery, "Monte Carlo Chase," Little Rock 1988 - 3.2. -- Monte Carlo Chase -- , 1988, Van Der Marck Editions, Ltd., Related Exhibitions
John Miller Gallery, Carmel, CA 1982 - 4.1: 1982
Kentucky Derby Museum, "An Exhibition of Equine Art," 1993 - 3.1: "Equine Art" and "Racing Retrospective" Solo Exhibitions, Kentucky Derby Museum 1993-95
Kentucky Derby Museum, "A Racing Retrospective," 1995 - 3.1: "Equine Art" and "Racing Retrospective" Solo Exhibitions, Kentucky Derby Museum 1993-95
Kentucky Derby Museum, "The Art of Sport," 1997 - 3.1: 123rd Kentucky Derby and Derby Day Paddock 1997
M. Knoedler & Co., Ltd., London, 1976 - 3.1: Knoedler London Solo Exhibition 1976 Krannert School of Management, 1986 - no materials
Lawrence Ross Galleries, Beverly Hills, 1985 - 3.1: Lawrence Ross Galleries 1985-88
Lawrence Ross Galleries, Beverly Hills, 1986 - 3.1: Lawrence Ross Galleries 1985-88
Minotaur Galleries, Las Vegas 1988 - 2.2: Minotaur Galleries 1984 -1994, 3.2. -- Monte Carlo Chase -- , 1988, Related Exhibitions, Van Der Marck Editions, Ltd., 4.1: 1988
Minotaur Galleries, "Big Time Golf," Las Vegas 1992 - 3.2. Big Time Golf, 1992, Publicity and Related Exhibitions
Minotaur's Forum Gallery, Las Vegas 1993 - 2.2: Minotaur Galleries 1984-1994, 4.1: 1993
Museo de Bellas Artes, Caracas, 1972 - 2.1: 1972, 4.1: 1972, V: 1970s
Peter Foulger Museum, Nantucket, 1975 - 3.2. -- Moby Dick -- , 1975, The Artist's Limited Edition
Playboy offices, "LeRoy Neiman: Man at his Leisure" 1991 - V: 1991
Pratt Institute, "LeRoy Neiman in Cuba," 2003 - 3.1: "LeRoy Neiman in Cuba" Solo Exhibition, Pratt Institute, New York, 2003
"Profiles: Six Decades of Work" 1996 - 3.1: "Profiles" Exhibition 1996
Purdue University, 1986 - 4.1: 1986
Quinn-Pollak Gallery, "Monte Carlo Chase," San Diego 1988 - 3.2. -- Monte Carlo Chase -- , 1988, Van Der Marck Editions, Ltd., Related Exhibitions
Richelle Gallery, St. Louis, 1966 - see Gallery Richelle
Rosenbaum Galleries, Palm Beach, 1976 - 2.1: 1976, 4.1: 1976
St. Lawrence National Bank, 1977 - 3.1: St. Lawrence National Bank Solo Exhibition, Ogdensburg, NY, 1977
Sher Gallery, Florida, 1986 - 4.1: 1986
Springfield Art Association, "LeRoy Neiman: A Series of Sport Serigraphs," Springfield, IL, 1990 - 4.1: 1990
Springfield College - 3.1: LeRoy Neiman Centennial Art Exhibition, Springfield, MA, 1984
Springfield Museum of Art, 1974 - 4.1: 1974
State National Bank, El Paso, 1981 - 4.1: 1981
Steiner & Young Fine Arts Galleries, 1989 - 3.1: Steiner & Young Galleries Exhib 1989, 3.1: Soft Paintings 1989, 3.2. -- Monte Carlo Chase -- , 1988, Van Der Marck Editions, Ltd., Related Exhibitions
Surf Club, 1989 - 4.1: 1989
Thomas Ward Galleries, St. Paul, 1975 - 4.1: 1975
Timothy Yarger Fine Art, "The Culinary Arts" 1998 - 3.1: "The Culinary Arts" Solo Exhibition, Timothy Yarger Fine Art, Beverly Hills 1998
Timothy Yarger Fine Art, "A Thirty-Year Retrospective Exhibition" - 3.1: Timothy Yarger Fine Art, "A Thirty -Year Retrospective" Exhibition 2000
Timothy Yarger Fine Art, "LeRoy Neiman: A Fifty-Year Retrospective", Beverly Hills, 2003 - 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman: Five Decades -- , 2003
The Toy Store, Hartford, CT, 1985 and 1986 - 3.1: The Toy Store 1985-86
Tobu Gallery, Tokyo, 1974 - 3.1: Hawaii and Japan 1974
Tretyakov Museum, Moscow 1988 - 3.1: Tretyakov Museum Solo Exhibition, Moscow 1988
Trump Plaza, Atlantic City, 1996 - 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman: An American in Paris -- , 1994, Correspondence
Turnbery Isle Yacht and Racquet Club Exhibition, 1981, 1982, 1983 - 3.1: Turnberry Isle Yacht and Racquet Club Exhibitions 1981-83
Edwin A. Ulrich Museum of Art, Wichita State University, 1981 - 2.1: 1981
University of Charleston, West Virginia, Art Gallery, 1992 - 4.1: 1992
Upstairs Gallery, Beverly Hills, 1977 - 4.1: 1977
Upstairs Gallery, Beverly Hills, 1981 - 4.1: 1981
Upstairs Gallery, Beverly Hills, Exhibition celebrating Winners, 1983 - 3.2. -- Winners -- , 1983, Harry N. Abrams, Publicity and Related Exhibitions
Upstairs Gallery, Beverly Hills, 1986 - 4.1: 1986
Upstairs Gallery, Beverly Hills, 1987 - 4.1: 1987
Upstairs Gallery, Beverly Hills, 1988 - 4.1: 1988
Waller's Gallery, Tampa, 1975 - 4.1: 1975
Wichita State University Ulrich Museum of Art Exhibition 1981 - 4.1: 1981
The Wildlife Experience, "LeRoy Neiman on Safari," 2003 - 3.1: "LeRoy Neiman on Safari" Solo Exhibition, The Wildlife Experience, Parker, CO, 2003
Windsor Gallery, Los Angeles, 1974 - 3.1: Windsor Gallery Solo Exhibitions, Los Angeles 1974-75
Windsor Gallery, "The Wide World of LeRoy Neiman," Los Angeles, 1975 - 3.1: Windsor Gallery Solo Exhibitions, Los Angeles 1974-75
two-person exhibitions
LeRoy Neiman and Robert Addison, Art Institute of Chicago, 1978 - 4.1: 1978 and ov
Alexander Calder and LeRoy Neiman, Nassau Gallery, Baldwin, NY 1973 - 4.1: 1973
"The Mustache Show", Salvador Dali and LeRoy Neiman, Tunnel Club, New York, 1988 - 3.1: Baird Jones' Group Exhibitions, New York 1988-89
LeRoy Neiman/Andy Warhol, LAICA, Los Angeles 1981 - 3.1: Neiman/ Warhol Exhibition 1981
group exhibitions
Amherst College, "When They Were Very Young," Amherst, MA 1982 - 4.1: 1982
Amnesty International Exhibition and Sale, New York, 1990 - 4.1: 1990
Anna Werbe Gallery, Chicago Artists, Detroit 1958 - 4.1: 1950s
Anshe Emet Cinema Arts Festival, 1960 - 4.1: 1960
Aqueduct Art Gallery, New York, 1966 - 4.1: 1966
Area, "Art," New York, 1985 - 3.1: "Art", Group Exhibition at Area, 1985
L'art et L'automobile, automotive artists group exhibition, 1988 - 4.1: 1988
L'art et l'automobile, Ferrari Collection exhibition, 1989 - 4.1: 1989
Art Directors Club of Chicago, Exhibition of Advertising and Editorial Art, 1955 - 4.1: 1950s
Art Expo - 4.1: Undated
Art Institute of Chicago, Student Exhibition, 1950 - 4.1: 1950s
Art Institute of Chicago, Student Exhibition, 1951 - 4.1: 1950s
Art Institute of Chicago, "Artists of Chicago and Vicinity," 1953 - 4.1: 1950s
Art Institute of Chicago, Instructors Exhibition, 1955 - 3.1: Art Institute of Chicago Instructors Exhibition 1955
Art Institute of Chicago, "Artists of Chicago and Vicinity," 1956 - 4.1: 1950s
Art Institute of Chicago, American Painting and Sculpture, 1957 - 4.1: 1950s
Art Institute of Chicago, Instructors Exhibition, 1957 - 4.1: 1950s
Art Institute of Chicago, "Artists of Chicago and Vicinity," 1961 - 4.1: 1961
Art Institute of Chicago, "Drawing New Conclusions," 1992 - 3.1: "Drawing New Conclusions," Art Institute of Chicago group exhibition 1992
Baja Club, "Art's As Good An Investment as Bonds," New York, 1989 - 3.1: Baird Jones' Group Exhibitions 1988-89
Bal Tabarin Room, Sherman Hotel, Chicago 1959 - 4.1: 1950s
Bank One, "Athletes and Heroes," Youngstown, Ohio, 1987 - 4.1: 1987
"Beyond Illustration - The Art of Playboy," Traveling Exhibition, 1971-74 - 4.2: Playboy Ephemera 1970s
Blumhelman Gallery and Germans van Eck Gallery, "Artists for Amnesty," New York, 1990 - 4.1: 1990
Butler Institute of American Art, "The Artist at Ringside," 1990 - 2.2: DeBartolo Corporation and Associated Institutions 1989-91, 4.1: 1990
Calgary Inn, "Fall Portfolio of International Artists," Calgary, Alberta, Canada 1980 - 4.1: 1980
Carnegie Institute of Arts, International Exhibition, Pittsburgh, 1955 - 4.1: 1950s
Chicago Navy Pier, Chicago Artists, 1957 - 4.1: 1957
Chicago Public Library, 1958 - 4.1: 1955-59
China Club, "The Famous Show," New York, 1988 - 4.1: 1988
Cig Art
"Cig Art," National Arts Club, New York, 1996 - 4.1: 1996
"Cig Art 2: The Smoke Continues", National Arts Club, New York, 1997 - 3.1: "Cig Art" Benefit Exhibitions 1996-2000
"Cig Art 4: Where There's Smoke", Art Museum of Southern Texas, 2000 - 3.1: "Cig Art" Benefit Exhibitions 1996-2000
Collectors Club Exhibition, 1957 - no materials
Corcoran Gallery of Art, Biennial Exhibition of Contemporary American Oil Paintings, Washington, DC, 1957 - 4.1: 1950s
Deer Path Art League Annual Fine Arts Fair, 1957 - 4.1: 1950s
El Paso Museum of Art, 1987 - 4.1: 1987
Foster Harmon Galleries of American Art, "Grand Opening Group Exhibition," Sarasota, 1980 - 4.1: 1980
Foster Harmon Galleries of American Art, "American Masters Exhibition," Sarasota, FL, annual - 4.1: 1981, 1987
Gimbel's, "Playboy's Art of Fashion Exhibition," Milwaukee, Wisconsin, 1979 - 4.2: Grand Palais, "Salon d'Automne," Paris, 1993 - 2.2: Association du Salon d'Automne 1992-99, 4.1: 1993
Hammer Galleries, "Group Show of FKH Artists," 1974 - 4.1: 1974
Hammer Galleries, Holiday Exhibitions, New York, 1974 - 4.1: 1974
Hammer Galleries, "Hammer Galleries Graphics," New York, 1975 - 4.1: 1975
Hammer Galleries, "Master Prints of the 19th -20th Century," 1987 - 4.1: 1987, V: 1987
Hanson Art Galleries, San Diego, CA - 4.1: 1987
Harmon Gallery, "20th Century American Masters," Naples, FL, 1979 - 4.1: 1979
Illini Union Art Gallery, Illinois 1973 - 4.1: 1973
International Tennis Hall of Fame, "National Exhibition of Tennis Art," 1977 - 3.1: International Tennis Hall of Fame Group Exhibitions 1977-78
International Tennis Hall of Fame, "National Exhibition of Tennis Art," 1978 - 3.1: International Tennis Hall of Fame Group Exhibitions 1977-78
Los Angeles County Fair - see group exhibitions: Millard Sheets Gallery
Marshall Field & Co. Gallery, "Brotherhood in Art," 1958 - 4.1: 1950s
Mickey Mantle's, New York - 4.1: 1988
Midwest Museum of American Art, "Panorama of American Art," Elkhart, IN, 1979 - 4.1: 1979
Millard Sheets Gallery, Fairplex, "Art and the Athlete," Los Angeles County Fair, 1996 - 3.1: "Art and the Athlete" Group Exhibition, Los Angeles County Fair 1996
Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Local Artists' Exhibition, 1952 - 4.1: 1950s
Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Local Artists' Exhibition, 1953 - 4.1: 1950s
Minneapolis Institute of Arts, Local Artists' Exhibition, 1954 - 4.1: 1950s
Minnesota Museum of Art, "TIME Portraits of American Newsmakers," 1969 - 3.1: TIME Magazine Cover Portraits Exhibition, National Portrait Gallery and Minnesota Museum of Art 1969
Minnesota Museum of Art, "Drawings USA 75," St. Paul, 1975 - 4.1: 1975
Minnesota State Fair, 1954 - 4.1: 1950s
Minnesota State Fair, 1955 - 4.1: 1950s
The Monmouth Museum, "The Horse: Man's Noble Companion," Lincroft, NJ 1987 - 4.1: 1987
Museum of the City of New York, "Showstoppers: Great Moments of the American Musical," 1983 - 3.1: Showstoppers Group Exhibition, MCNY 1983
Mystic Seaport Museum, "Archives of American Yachting and Boating," 1985 - 4.1: 1985 National Art Museum of Sport, 1969 - 4.1: 1969
National Portrait Gallery, "TIME Portraits of American Newsmakers," Washington, DC, 1969 - 3.1: TIME Magazine Cover Portraits Exhibition, National Portrait Gallery and Minnesota Museum of Art 1969
Navy Pier Art Show, 1957 - 4.1: 1950s
New Orleans Museum of Art, "Louis Armstrong: A Cultural Legacy," 1994-95 - 3.1: "Louis Armstrong: A Cultural Legacy" traveling exhibition 1995
North Mississippi Valley Exhibition, 1964 - 4.1: 1964
North Shore Art League, Chicago Area Show, 1956 - 4.1: 1950s
North Shore Art League, Old Orchard Art Festival, Skokie, IL, 1958 - 4.1: 1950s
North Shore Art League, Old Orchard Art Festival, Skokie, IL, 1959 - 4.1: 1950s ov
Northampton County Area Community College Foundation, 1982 - 4.1: 1982
Odyssey House Art Gallery, New York, 1972 - 4.1: 1972
F. Oehlschlaeger Gallery, Chicago, 1958 - 4.1: 1950s
F. Oehlschlaeger Gallery, Chicago, 1959 - 4.1: 1950s
F. Oehlschlaeger Gallery, Chicago, 1965 - 4.1: 1965
F. Oehlschlaeger Gallery, "Twentieth Anniversary Show," Chicago 1969 - 4.1: 1969
F. Oehlschlaeger Gallery, "American Masters of the 1940s, 50s, and 60s," 1985 - 3.1: "American Masters of the 40s, 50s, and 60s", Frank Oehlschlaeger Gallery, 1985
F.X. McRory's Whiskey Bar, Seattle, 1980 - see bars
Fairfield Gallery - see exhibitions
Fairmont Hotel - 3.1: Nob Hill, Buena Vista and Bowles Hopkins Gallery 1986
Falstaff, opera by Verdi - 3.1: Falstaff Opera 1993, 4.1: 2002
fan auction - 4.1: 1992
Far Gallery, New York - 3.1: "Recent Graphics and Drawings", The Far Gallery Solo Exhibition 1971
fashion - 3.1: Early Fashion Illustration 1949-57, 3.1: Fashion Illustration for The Domino Catalog 1950s -60s, 3.1: Fashion Illustration for Marshall Field 1957-59 (Oversize only), 4.1: 1958, 1971, undated 1990s
F.D.N.Y. (Fire Department of New York)
F.D.N.Y. Painting - 3.1: F.D.N.Y. Painting 2002
F.D.N.Y Pipes and Drums - 2.1: 1984
Felicie, Inc. - IID: Price Lists 1970s, 1.2
Felt, Irving Mitchell and Elaine - 2.1: 1977, 3.1: Bill Bradley 1978-2000, see Madison Square Garden
Femlin - see Playboy
Festival Internacioal de Danca Contemporanea - 4.1: 2000
Fields, Edward - see tapestry
The Fifth Dimension - 3.1: Fifth Dimension Album Art 1970-1982
Fight of the Century - see boxing
figure skating -- - 3.1: 1982 U.S. Figure Skating National Championships, V: 1980s, see also Olympic Games
Healey, Kathy - V: Kathy Healey, 1981
Superskates - 2.1: 1981, 4.1: 1981, V: 1980s
United States Figure Skating Association - 2.1: 1984, 3.1: 1982 U.S. Figure Skating National Championships
film -- - 3.1: Beauty, the Beach, and the Bizarre 1984, 3.1: Houston Film Fest 1990, 3.1: Wine Country Film Fest 1990, 4.1: 1972, 1990, see also Screen Actors Guild
Halas, George - 3.1: Gridiron Football News 1971-73, George Halas, Jr. Sports Center - 4.1: 1979
Hall, Jim - 4.1: 1997
Hall of Famer, 1996 - 3.1: Saks Fifth Avenue 1994-1999, 4.1: 1998
Halle, David - 3.1: UCLA LeRoy Neiman Center for the Study of American Society and Culture, 1998-present; A Sociological Study of the Artist LeRoy Neiman, and 1000 Neiman Collectors by David Halle and Louis Mirrer - IC: A Sociological Study of the Artist LeRoy Neiman, and 1000 Neiman Collectors by David Halle and Louis Mirrer, 1990
Halmi, Robert - 3.2.12 and 4.1: undated ov
Hammer Galleries - see exhibitions, and Knoedler & Co.
Hammer, Armand - 1.2: Knoedler & Co. and Hammer Galleries, 3.1: New York City Marathon 1984-2001, 3.1: Tretyakov Museum Solo Exhibition, Moscow 1988, 3.1: Tokyo exhibition 1988
Hammer, Michael - 1.2: Knoedler & Co. and Hammer Galleries
Hammer, Victor - 1.2: Knoedler & Co. and Hammer Galleries
Hammond, IN - see Mercantile Bank
Hampton, Kym - 4.1: 2000
The Hamptons, New York - 3.1: Hamptons notes 1972, 4.2: -- Playboy -- 1973, see Appendix E handball - see Jacobs, Jim
Hanson Gallery, New Orleans - see exhibitions, 3.1: Rex Proclamation Mardi Gras Painting 2002, 4.1: 1984, 1986, 1998, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004
Hanson Gallery, San Diego - 4.1: 1987
Harbor Boat House, 1955 - 4.1: 1950s
Hardy, Joseph A. - 1.1: Collectors
Harlem Streets, 1981 - 3.1: Cities in Schools and Harlem Streets, 1981
harlequin
Harlequin, lithograph - 3.1: Circle Gallery 1972, 4.1: 1989
Harlequin and a Nude, 1971 - 4.1: 1991
Harlequin with Sword, lithograph - 3.1: Circle Gallery 1972
Harlequin's Entry into Venice, 1971 mural - 3.1: "The Playboy Collection," Dyansen Gallery Traveling Exhibition 1989-90
Haring, Keith - 4.1: 1997
Harmon Galleries - see Foster Harmon Galleries
Harper's -- Magazine - 4.1: 1964, 1968
Harrod's, London - 4.1: 1982
Harry, Deborah - 2.1: 1978
Harry's Wall Street Bar - see bars
Hartack, Bill - 2.1: 1977
Harvard University - 4.2: Playboy Parodies - Harvard and Yale
Japan - 2.1: 1986, 1987, 2.2: CBS Sports Correspondence, 3.1: Hawaii and Japan 1974, 3.1: Japan Trip 1977, 3.1: Tokyo Exhibition 1983, 3.1: Tokyo Exhibition 1988, 3.2. -- Winners -- , 1983, Correspondence, Harry N. Abrams, 4.1: 1984
jazz
Armstrong, Louis - 3.1: "Louis Armstrong: A Cultural Legacy" traveling exhibition 1995, 4.1: undated 1990s
Louis Armstrong, 1963 - 4.1: 1965
Louis Armstrong, 1981 - 4.1: 1981
Louis Armstrong, 1976 - 3.1: Newport Jazz Festival 1975 -2004, 3.1: Kool Jazz Festival 1976, 4.1: 1979
Lazar, Irving "Swifty" - 3.1: Celebrity Night at Spago, 1993
Leahy, Pat - 4.1: 1992
Learning Annex - 2.1: 1989, 4.1: 1989
Lebow, Fred - 3.1: New York City Marathon 1984-2001
lectures - 2.2: Royce Carlton Lecture Agents 1978-86, 4.1: 1989, see also Learning Annex
Leibowitz, Maury - 1.2: Knoedler & Co. and Hammer Galleries
Leifer, Neil - 3.1: Circle Gallery 1972, 3.1: '21' Club, 1990 (photo), 4.1: 2003
Leija, James - 4.1: 1995
LeMieux, Mario, Mario LeMieux, 1989 - 2.2: DeBartolo Corporation and Associated Institutions 1989-91
Lendl, Ivan - see tennis
Lennon, John - 2.1: 1999, 2000, see also The Beatles, and Ono, Yoko
John Lennon, pre 1982 drawing - 4.1: 1982
John Lennon, 1990 etching - 2.2: JoAnn Perse Gallery 1984-98, 3.1: John Lennon Etching 1990, 4.1: 1990, 1992
Leonard, Sugar Ray - see boxing
LeRoy, Minnesota - 4.1: 1978 and ov, V: 1970s
LeRoy Neiman: An American in Paris -- , 1994 - 3.1: Superbowl XXVIII 1994, 3.1: Saks Fifth Avenue 1994-1999, 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman: An American in Paris -- , 1994
LeRoy Neiman: Art and Lifestyle, 1974 - 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman Art and Lifestyle -- , 1974, Felicie, 1.2: Felicie, Inc. Advertising, 1.2: Lawsuit Against Felicie, Inc.
LeRoy Neiman Center for Print Studies, Columbia University - 3.1: LeRoy Neiman Center for Print Studies, Columbia University 1995-present
LeRoy Neiman Center for the Study of American Society and Culture, University of California at Los Angeles - 3.1: UCLA, 1998-present
LeRoy Neiman: Five Decades, 2003 - 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman: Five Decades -- , 2003
LeRoy Neiman Museum of Art, St. Paul, Minnesota - 3.1: LeRoy Neiman Museum of Art, St. Paul, 1997, 4.1: 1997 (ov), 1998
LeRoy Neiman On Safari, 1996 - 1.2: Bowles Galleries 1997-present, 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman On Safari -- , 1996
LeRoy, Warner - 2.1: 1998, 1999, V: 1991, see also Tavern on the Green
Let's Celebrate - 4.1: undated
Leukemia Society of America - 4.1: 1992
Levin, Meyer - 4.1: 1955-59
Lewis, Carl - see track and field
Lewis, Jerry Lee - 3.1: Blues Ball 1997-2004, The Killer - 3.1: Blues Ball 1997-2004
Lewis, Lennox - see boxing
Liberace - 4.1: 1988
Licensing Art and Design, by Cynthia Revelli - 2.1: 1995
Lido - 4.2: -- Playboy -- 1964, see Appendix E
Lifeline Inc. (fitness equipment) - 2.2: Bobby Hinds 1990-2000
London, England - 3.1: O'Hana Gallery Solo Exhibition, London 1962, 3.1: Knoedler London Exhibition 1976, 4.1: 1960 ov, 1961, 1962, 1966, see also Liverpool
The Lone Ranger, 1977 - 2.1: 1988, 3.1: The Lone Ranger, 1977
Long, Captain Elgen, The Adventurer, between 1971 and 1977 - 2.2: Gallery Mack 1975 -87, 4.1: 1982
Lonsdale International Sporting Club - 1.1: Awards
Los Angeles Institute of Contemporary Art (LAICA) - 3.1: Neiman/Warhol Exhibition at LAICA 1981-82
Louganis, Greg - see swimming and diving
Louis, Allyson - see Allyson Louis Gallery
Louis, Joe - see boxing
Lowery, Nick
Nick Lowery, 1992 - 4.1: 1992, 1997
Lubel, William - 2.1: 1973
Lynch, David - 3.1: "Cig Art" Benefit Exhibitions 1996-2000
M
Maccioni, Sirio - 4.1: 2004
Mack, Barbara - see Gallery Mack
Madison Square Garden - 2.1: 1981, 4.1: 1966, 1967, 1968, 1969, 1971, 1987, 1992, 1994, 1999, 4.2: -- Playboy -- 1963, see Appendix E
Madison Square Garden (silkscreen) - 4.1: 1978
Madrid, Spain - 4.1: 1960 ov
A Magic Moment, 1990 - see Orlando Magic under "baseball"
magical creatures - see animals: unicorn
Mahoney, James - 2.1: 1983, 3.1: Pebble Beach Golf 1982-1995
Mailer, Norman - 4.1: 1982
Maitland, Vic - 2.2: NFL Alumni
Make-a-Wish Foundation - 4.1: 2000
Maki, Mary Ann - 2.1: 1993, 1995, 1997
Malave, Chu Chu - see boxing
Malinowski, Mark "Scoop" - 4.1: 2000
Malletmen, 1977 etching - see polo
Manager of the Year, 1992 - see LaRussa, Tony
Mandalay Bay - 3.1: De La Hoya vs. Vargas 2002
Mandela, Nelson - 3.1: Nelson Mandela Tribute 1997
Mangione, Chuck - 4.1: 2004
Manhattan Bride -- Magazine - 4.1: 1999
Manhattan Concert Club - 4.1: 2004
Manhattan Magazine - 1.1: Awards, 2.1: 1989, 3.1: LeRoy Neiman Center for Print Studies, Columbia University 1995 - present, 4.1: 1984, 1990, 1997, 1998, 1999 Manila, Phillipines - 3.1: Ali vs. Frazier III "The Thrilla in Manila," 1975
Manufacturers Hanover Trust Company - 2.1: 1978, 2.2: Manufacturers Hanover and Chemical Bank, 3.1: New York City Marathon 1984-2001, 3.1: Millrose Games 1986-1995, see also Chemical Bank and McCabe, Charles
marathon - see running
March of Dimes - 2.1: 1981, 1982, 3.1: March of Dimes' Gourmet Gala 1985, 4.1: 1974, 1981, 1983, 1985
Mazzilli, Lee, Lee Mazzilli, 1979 - 2.1: 1979, 2001 4.1: 2001, Lee Mazzilli Celebrity Golf and Tennis Classic - 2.1: 2001, 4.1: 1992, 1994, 1995, 1996, 1997, 2001
McCabe, Charles - 2.1: 1995, 2.2: Manufacturers Hanover and Chemical Bank, 3.1: Iona College Trustee Awards Dinner Dances 1984-95, 4.1: 1987, 1997, see also Chemical Bank
McCormack, Mark H. - see The Wonderful World of Professional Golf by Mark H. McCormack under golf
McDonald, Kitt - 4.1: 1986
McDougal, Little & Company - 2.1: 1985
McEneaney, Eamon - 4.1: 2001, 2005
McEnroe, John - see tennis
McFagan, Helen - 2.1: 1993
McGirt, James "Buddy" - see boxing
McGraw-Hill Publishers - 2.1: 1999
McGuire, Al - 4.1: 1980
McGwire, Mark, Mark McGwire, 1998 - 3.1: Mark McGwire 1998-99, 4.2: -- Bartender Magazine -- 1997-2002, 3.1: Good Tidings Foundation, 1998-2002
McHale, Kevin - see Johnson, Earvin "Magic": Magic
McNeely, Peter - 4.1: 1995
McNichol, Kristy - 2.1: 1980
Mead, Margaret, Margaret Mead, 1972 drawing - 4.1: 1977 ov
Meigs, Kris - 2.1: 1981
Melville, Herman - 3.2. -- Moby Dick -- , 1975, The Artist's Limited Edition
Memphis Blues Ball - 4.1: 1998
Men, Boats, and the Sea, 1955 - 3.1: Art Institute of Chicago Instructors Exhibition 1955
menus - 4.1: 1977, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1997, 1999, see also food, restaurants
medical - see The Open Heart, 1982
Mercantile Bank, Chicago and Hammond, IN - 3.1: Mercantile Bank Murals 1966
merchandise - see promotions, product and service, and collectible merchandise
Merrill Chase Galleries, Chicago - 2.2: Merrill Chase Galleries 1974-89, 4.1: 1973, 1976, 1980, 1981, 1982 see exhibitions
Metropolitan Museum of Art - 2.1: 1981
Metropolitan Opera - see opera
Mexico - 3.1: Caliente Race Track Exhibition and Painting 1989
MGM Grand Gallery - 4.1: 1999
Miami Sound Machine - see Estefan, Emilio and Gloria
Michael Zabrin Fine Art - 2.1: 1989
Michaels, Walt - 2.1: 1980, see also football: New York Jets
Midwest Museum of American Art - 4.1: 1979, 1989, see also exhibitions
Monroe, Earl, Earl "The Pearl" Monroe, 1976 - 4.1: 1976
Montana, Joe, Joe Montana, 1982 - 2.2: DeBartolo Corporation and Associated Institutions 1989-91, 4.1: 1982, 1990
Montanez, Willie - 4.1: 1979
Monte Carlo, Monaco - 4.2: -- Playboy -- 1963, see Appendix E, see auto racing, Monaco
Monte Carlo, 1994 - 4.1: 1999
Monte Carlo Chase, 1988 - 2.2: Neiman -Marcus 1983-88, 3.1: Steiner & Young Galleries Solo Exhibition 1989, 3.2. -- Monte Carlo Chase -- , 1988, Van Der Marck Editions, Ltd.
Japanese Edition - 2.2: Joe Hideo Morita 1988-90
Moore, Wayland - 2.3: Imitations and Forgeries
Moorer, Michael - 4.1: 1994
Morbelli, Jean - 2.1: 1988
Moreno, Linda "Eva" - 2.2: Linda Moreno
Morgan, Joe, Joe Morgan, 1990 - 4.1: 1990
Morita, Joe Hideo - 2.2: Joe Hideo Morita 1988-90
Morley, Malcolm - 4.1: 1984
Morocco - 4.2: -- Playboy -- 1970, see Appendix E
Morrel Wines - 4.1: 1984
Morris, Gary and Elizabeth - 2.1: 1996, 3.1: Iroquois Steeplechase, Nashville, TN, 1993
Morrison, Tommy - see boxing
Morton's of Chicago - see restaurants
Moscow - 3.1: Goodwill Games Moscow 1986, 3.1: "LeRoy Neiman in Moscow" Solo Exhibition, Hammer Galleries 1987, V: 1960s
Tretyakov Museum - 3.1: Tretyakov Museum Solo Exhibition, Moscow 1988
Mosley, Shane - see boxing
Mount Pleasant Animal Shelter - 4.1: 2000
Mozartfest - 4.1: 1998
Mthembu, Nomusa - 2.1: 1992
Mulloy, Gardner - 4.1: 1998
multiple sclerosis - see National Multiple Sclerosis Society, or Race to Erase MS
Munich, Germany - see Olympic Games
Municipal Art League of Chicago Award - 1.1: Awards
The Organ at St. Paul the Apostle, 1965 - 4.1: 1965, 1967
Symphantasy - 3.1: Symphantasy 1988
Symphony for United Nations, 1991 - 2.1: 1991, 4.1: 1991
country - 4.1: 1994, see Tennessee
jazz - see jazz
opera - see opera
popular - 3.1: Fifth Dimension Album Art 1970-82, 3.1: Billboard Magazine First Annual Billie Awards 1993, 4.1: 1993, see The Beatles; Bennet, Tony; Blues Ball; Davis, Sammy; Iglesias, Julio; Jackson, Michael; Lennon, John; Paul, Les; Sinatra, Frank
musicals - see Times Square, 2001
Angels on Horseback - 4.1: undated 1980s
Golden Boy - 4.1: 1964
My Fair Lady - 3.1: Showstoppers Group Exhibition, MCNY 1983, 4.1: 1983
Oh! Calcutta - 4.1: 1967
Porgy and Bess - 3.1: Showstoppers Group Exhibition, MCNY 1983, 4.1: 1983
West Side Story - 3.1: Showstoppers Group Exhibition, MCNY 1983, 4.1: 1983
Mustang Ranch - 3.1: Mustang Ranch Brothel 1989
Myasthenia Gravis Foundation - 4.1: 1978
Myers, Farlan - 2.1: 1986
Mystic Seaport, CT - 3.2. -- Moby Dick -- , 1975, The Artist's Limited Edition
Mystic Rock, 1995 - 4.1: 1997
N
NAMTA - 4.1: 1984
NBC - see television
NECO (National Ethnic Coalition of Organizations) - 1.1: Awards, Citations and Miscellaneous Prizes
Nabisco - see promotions
Nahan, Kenneth - 4.1: undated
Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame - see basketball
Namath, Joe - 3.1: New York Jets 1966-, 4.1: 1968, 1972, 1973, 1982
Napoleon at Waterloo, 1988 serigraph - 4.1: 1988
Nash, Beau - 3.1: The Ambassadors, 1960s
The Nation -- Magazine - 2.1: 1998, 4.1: 1998
National Art Museum of Sport (NAMOS) - 2.1: 1972, 1979, 4.1: 1980, 2003 see also exhibitions
National Arts Club - 4.1: 1994
National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, Cooperstown, NY - see baseball
National Bowling Hall of Fame and Museum - see bowling - Million Dollar Strike, 1982
National Cowboy Hall of Fame - 2.1: 1999, 3.1: National Cowboy Hall of Fame 1985
National Fitness Classic - 4.1: 1982, 1983
National Multiple Sclerosis Society - 4.1: 1969, 1976, 1980, 1988
National Sports Collectors Convention - 4.1: 1992 ov.
Neiman, Earl - 1.1: Family (Neiman Studio Archive only)
Neiman, Janet - 1.1: Family, 3.1: Art Institute of Chicago Instructors Exhibition 1955, 4.1: 1985
Neiman News - 3.1: Neiman News 1977-1985
Neiman-Marcus - 2.2: Neiman-Marcus 1983-88, 3.2. -- Winners -- , 1983, Harry N. Abrams, 4.1: 1983, 1984
Neiman, Robert B - 2.3: Imitations and Forgeries
"Neiman's Cuba" film project - 2.1: 1979, 1982
Neiman's Restaurant & Lounge - see restaurants and bars
Nepal - 2.1: 1982
Nevada County Arts Council - 4.1: 1982
New Jersey State Opera Ball - see opera
New Milford Hospital - 4.1: 1991
New Orleans, Louisiana - 2.1: 1993, 1997, 1998, see also Hanson Art Galleries and Mardi Gras
New School for Social Research, NY - 4.1: 1978
New Times Magazine - 2.1: 1978
New Year's Eve, 1997 - 4.1: 1997 and ov
New York City Marathon - see running
New York Friars Club - 4.1: 1999
New York Giants - see Football
New York and Los Angeles: Politics, Society, and Culture by David Halle - 3.1: UCLA LeRoy Neiman Center for the Study of American Society and Culture, 1998-present
New York Public Library - 4.1: 2002
New York State Governor's Arts Awards - 4.1: 2000
New York Times Magazine -- - 4.1: 1971
The New Yorker -- Magazine - 4.1: 1994, 1999
Newman, Eric - V: 1975
Newman, Paul - 3.1: Celebrity Night at Spago, 1993, see also -- The Hustler
Newport Jazz Festival - 3.1: Newport Jazz Festival 1975-2004
Newsweek -- Magazine - 4.1: 1972, 1992
Newton, Wayne - 4.1: 1988
NFL - see football
NHL - see hockey
Niarchos, Stavros
Stavros Niarchos, 1969 drawing - 4.1: 1969 ov.
Nicholson, Jack - 3.1: Tyson vs. Spinks 1988
Nicklaus, Jack - see golf
Nitschke, Ray - 4.1: 1988
Noah, Yannick - see tennis
Nob Hill, 1986 serigraph - 3.1: Nob Hill and Bowles Hopkins Gallery 1986
Norman, Greg, Greg Norman - 2.1: 1990
North Shore Art League - 1.1: Education and Teaching, Miscellaneous, undated
North Shore Child and Family Guidance Association - 4.1: 1986, 1987
Northern Indiana Art Association - 2.1: 1989, 4.1: 1989
Northwest Orient Magazine - 4.1: 1986
Northwest Paper Company - 3.1: 1972 Olympics
Northwestern University - 2.1: 1978
Norton, Ken - see boxing
Norton Herrick Fine Arts Group - 3.1: LeRoy Neiman Website 1997-present
Playboy -- Magazine and Man at His Leisure - see Appendix E, 2.2: Playboy Enterprises Inc. 1980s, 3.1: 1984 Olympics, Los Angeles, 4.1: 1959, 1966, 1999, 4.2: -- Playboy -- Magazine, V: Playboy Clubs 1961-63
The Plaza Hotel, New York - 4.2: -- Playboy -- 1965, see Appendix E
The Plaza Square, 1985 - 4.1: 1985, 1986
tapestry - 2.1: 1990
Poland - 2.1: 1976, 1987
Plunkett, Sherman - 4.1: 1967
Police Athletic League - 2.1: 1981
politics - 3.1: Bill Bradley 1978-2000, 3.1: Peace Treaty, 1980, 3.1: Peter Dawkins Poster 1988, 3.1: Rudy Giulianni and Commission on Cultural Affairs 1994-2001, 3.1: Nelson Mandela Tribute 1997, 4.1: 1960, 1968, 1988, 1989, 1992, see also Thurmond, Strom, and The White House
Polo Lounge, 1988 - 2.1: 1989, 3.1: Advertising Layouts 1980s, 3.1: Polo Lounge debut at Bowles/Sorokko Galleries, Bev Hills 1989, 4.1: 1990, 1995, 1996, 4.2: -- Bartender Magazine -- 1997-2002
The Pope Flies Over New York, detail - 4.1: 1981
Pope, Kerig - 2.2: Playboy Enterprises Inc. 1980s
Porgy and Bess - see musicals
Porter, David - 3.1: Blues Ball 1997-2004
Portola Valley Classic Equestrian Festival - 4.1: 1999
Portrait of the Lion, 2002 - see animals
portraits -- - 3.1: "Portraits of Our Times 1946-96" Solo Exhibition and Catalog, Bowles/Sorokko/Yarger Galleries, 1996
of LeRoy Neiman, by other artists - 2.1: 1978, 3.1: Elayne Galleries Solo Exhibition and P.J. Clarkes, Minneapolis, 1978, 4.1: 1986 ov
by LeRoy Neiman - search by name of subject
Posner Gallery - 2.1: 1989
posters - 3.2. -- Posters -- , 1980, Harry N. Abrams, 4.1: 1981, 1993
Posters, 1980 - 3.2. -- Posters -- , 1980, Harry N. Abrams, 3.2 ov.
Pratt Institute, New York - 3.1: "LeRoy Neiman in Cuba" Solo Exhibition, Pratt Institute, New York, 2003
Preakness Stakes - see horse racing
Prentice - Hall Publishers - 2.1: 1978
President of the United States - see politics, or search by name of President (Carter, Reagan, Bush, Clinton)
President's Council on Physical Fitness and Sports - 2.1: 1990, 4.1: 1982, 1983
Presley, Elvis - 3.1: Blues Ball 1997-2004, 4.2: -- Playboy -- 1978 (July)
price lists - IID: Price Lists
Prince Charles, 1984 - 4.1: 1984
prints - 3.1: The Etchings of LeRoy Neiman, 1976 booklet (ov), see also The Prints of LeRoy Neiman below
The Prints of LeRoy Neiman, 1980 - 3.2. -- The Prints of LeRoy Neiman -- , 1980, Knoedler Publishing
The Prints of LeRoy Neiman 1980-1990, 1991 - 3.1: Dyansen Gallery Solo Exhibition, Atlantic City 1992, 3.2. -- The Prints of LeRoy Neiman -- , 1980-1990, 1991
The Prints of LeRoy Neiman 1991-2000, 2001 - 3.2.14
Professional Picture Framers Association - 4.1: 1984
promotions, product and service, and collectible merchandise
Schultz, Charles - 2.2: Playboy Enterprises Inc. 1970s
Schultz, Dave (hockey player) - 4.1: 1974
Schultz, Dave (wrestler) - see wrestling
Schumsky, Felicie - V: 1970s, see also Felicie, Inc.
Screiber, Al - 4.1: 1994
Schwarzenegger, Arnold - 2.1: 1990, 3.1: LongTerm Projects: American Sportscasters Association Hall of Fame Awards Dinners, 4.1: 1977, 1981, Arnold Schwarzenegger, 1977-78, 4.1: 1977, 1985, 2005
The Scooter, 1994 - see Rizzuto, Phil
Scott Foresman & Company Publishers - 2.1: 1985
Screen Actors Guild - 1.1: Name Tags and ID Cards, 3.1: Rocky films 1980-1990, see also American Federation of Television and Radio Artists
sculpture
Horse Racing Suite, 1977 - 3.1: Sculpture 1977-1987, 4.1: 1978
Sinatra, Frank -- - 1.1: New York Friars Club, 2.2: Sinatra Family Correspondence, 3.1: Hammer Galleries Solo Exhibition 1967, 3.1: Frank Sinatra Film Drawings Exhibition, Gallery of Modern Art 1967, 3.1: Leo Durocher 1974-94, 3.1: Frank Sinatra Portraits for Duets and Duets II Albums 1993-1995, 3.1: Hofstra Univ. Frank Sinatra Conference and Exhibition 1998, 3.1: Frank Sinatra Classic Duets Album Cover 2002, 4.1: 1979, 1983, 1989, 1998, see also golf, 4.2: Playboy Ephemera 1960s
Frank at Rao's, 2005 serigraph - 4.1: 2005
Frank Sinatra, 1993 - 3.1: Frank Sinatra Duets and Duets II Album Covers 1993-1995
Frank Sinatra at Carnegie Hall, 1974 - 3.1: Frank Sinatra at Carnegie Hall Poster 1974
Frank Sinatra as the Detective, 1967 - 3.1: Frank Sinatra Film Drawings Exhibition, Gallery of Modern Art 1967
Frank Sinatra at Madison Square Garden, 1974 drawing for poster - 4.1: 1974
Frank Sinatra at Royal Albert Hall, 1989 - 3.1: Frank Sinatra at Royal Albert Hall 1989
Singleton, Isaiah - 2.1: 1996
Singleton, Skip - see tennis: Intelligent Doubles and Intelligent Tennis
skating - see figure skating
skiing -- - 4.1: 1983, 1995, see also Olympics: skiing
Lady Skier - 4.1: 1998
Little Skier - 4.1: 1974
The Skier, serigraph - 3.1: Circle Gallery 1972
Skiing, etchings - 3.1: Circle Gallery 1972
Slalom, serigraph - 3.1: Circle Gallery 1972, 4.1: 1973
Squaw Valley - 4.2: -- Playboy -- 1961, V: 1960s, see Appendix E
Vail Race to Erase MS painting, 1994 - 4.1: 1995
Skoal Pinch Hitter of the Year Award - 3.1: Skoal Pinch Hitter 1985-1987
Slatkin, Leonard, Leonard Slatkin, 1980? - 4.1: 1980
Special Olympics -3.1: Special Olympics Nagano Japan 2005, 4.1: 1986, 1996, Mississippi Special Olympics - 2.1: 1977
The Spectrum, Philadelphia, PA - 2.1: 1991, 1996, 3.1: Philadelphia Spectrum Painting 1991, 4.1: 1992, V: Photographs
Spectrum Fine Art, New York - 3.1: "Ball, Bat, and Glove", Spectrum Fine Art, 1977, 4.1: 1978
Spelling, Aaron - 2.1: 1985
Spinks, Leon - see boxing
Spinks, Michael - see boxing
Spirit Foundation - 2.1: 1999
Spitz, Mark - see swimming and diving
The Sporting Life - 4.1: undated
The Sporting News - 3.1: Iona College Trustee Awards Dinner Dances 1984-95
sports - listed alphabetically by name of sport (i.e. "baseball," "soccer"), with teams listed under heading of appropriate; in some cases college and professional sports are indexed separately. Also search for names of specific athletes.
sports arenas - see Madison Square Garden, Philadelphia Spectrum
sports cards - see trading cards
Sports Collectors Digest - 4.1: 1997
Sports Commemorative Decanters - see promotions and collectibles
sportscasters - see also Cosell, Howard, and Rooney, Art
American Sportscasters Association - 1.1: Awards
Sportsman's Ball - 3.1: Sportsman's Ball 1978
Sportsman's Park, Chicago - 3.1: Sportsman's Park Mural, Chicago 1976
SportsWise Magazine - 2.1: 1980
Springfield Art Association, Illinois - 2.1: 1990
Stadium Tennis, 1981 - see tennis
The Stag's Head Bar, Dublin, 1961 - see bars
Stallone, Sylvester - see Rocky, 4.1: 1987
stamps - 4.1: 1974
"Health in Sports" stamps, 1988 - 3.1: United Nations "Health in Sports" Stamps 1988
"Sport and the Environment" stamps, 1996 - 3.1: United Nations "Sport and the Environment" Stamps 1996
"Superbowl History" Stamps, 1988 - 3.1: U.S. Postal Service Superbowl Stamps 1988
Taylor, Elizabeth - 3.1: Celebrity Night at Spago, 1993
Taylor, Lawrence - 4.1: 1996
television - 2.1: 1970, 1978, 4.1: 1972, 1974, 1975, 1977, 1979, 1980, 1985, 1994, 1995, 3.1: Call of the Wild 1993, see also ABC, CBS, American Federation of Television and Radio Artists, The Lone Ranger
ABC Sports - 2.2: ABC Sports
Ampex Video Art - 3.1: Superbowl XII, 1978, 4.1: 1980
Arlene Herson Show - 4.1: 1989
The Black Stallion television show - 2.1: 1990
CBS Sports - 2.2: CBS Sports, 3.1: Superbowl XII, 1978
Shukan T.V. Guide, Japan - 2.1: 1996, 3.1: 1984 Olympics, Los Angeles
TV Food Network - 2.1: 1993
TV Gallery with Ron Parris - 2.1: 1979, 4.1: 1979
T.V. Guide - 2.1: 1975
T.V. Guide Japan - 2.1: 1996, 4.1: 1984
TV Shopper - 2.1: 1979, 4.1: 1973, 1980
Tele Planning International, Tokyo - 2.2: Tele Planning International, Tokyo 1993-98
Today Show - 3.1: WNBC Traffic Helicopter 1981-93
WGBH TV Boston - 2.1: Charities 1994, Charities 1996
Wonderama TV Show - 4.1: undated 1970s
The Year of the Runner TV series, LeRoy Neiman host - 4.1: 1979
Tenenbaum, Judy and Harold - 2.1: 1984, 1986, 1988, 2.2: Harold and Judy Tenenbaum
Tennessee - 3.1: Women's Basketball Hall of Fame, 1993, 3.1: Iroquois Steeplechase, Nashville, TN, 1993, 3.1: Blues Ball 1997 -2004, see also Gregory, Jack; Morris, Gary and Elizabeth; Murphy, Libby; Perkins, Carl; Rudy, Jeanette Cantrell; Tigrett, John and Pat Kerr
tennis -- - 3.1: Nelson Mandela Tribute 1997, 3.2. -- Winners -- , 1983, Harry N. Abrams, 4.1: 1975, 1980, 1985, 1988-89, 1997, 1999
University of California at Los Angeles - see UCLA
University of Chicago - 1.1: Education and Teaching, Miscellaneous, undated
University of Denver - 2.1: 1979
University of Oklahoma - 2.1: 1982
University of San Francisco - 4.1: 1988
University of Southern California - 3.1: Los Angeles Olympics 1984
University of Texas at Austin - 4.1: 1994
Upstairs Gallery - 2.2: Upstairs Gallery 1980-89, 4.1: 1973, 1985, 1989, see also exhibitions
V
Vail, CO - see skiing
Van Der Marck Editions - 3.2. -- Monte Carlo Chase -- , 1988, Van Der Marck Editions, Ltd.
vandalism - 4.1: 1978, see also theft, forgery
Vanity Fair Magazine - 4.1: 1996
Varga, Alberto - see -- Playboy -- Magazine
Vargas, Fernando - see boxing
Variety Clubs International Distinguished Artist Award - 1.1: Awards
Varipapa, Andy - see bowling
Venice, Italy - 2.2: Helmut Drinhaus 1988-2000
Ventura, Jesse - see wrestling
Vernon, Jackie - 3.1: Economic Opportunity Atlanta 1968 ov.
Versace, Gianni - 4.1: 2001
Via Video - 2.1: 1983
Viagem E Tourismo Magazine - 3.1: Brooklyn Bridge, 1995
Victor Awards - 3.1: Victor Awards 1981-1985, 4.1: 2003
Video Magazine - 2.1: undated
Vienna, Austria - 2.1: 1996
Village Nursing Home - 4.1: 1982
W
WNBC - see helicopter
Wajima - 3.1: Hawaii and Japan 1974
Walker, Doug - 3.1: Soft Paintings 1989
Wall Street Journal -- - 4.1: 1969 ov
Walsh, Coach Bill, Bill Walsh, 1993 - 3.1: Bill Walsh, 1993, 4.1: 1993
Ward, Laura - 4.1: 2004, see also Merce Cunningham Studio under "dance"
Warhol, Andy - 3.1: Neiman/Warhol 1981, 3.1: "Art", Group Exhibition at Area, 1985, 3.1: Baird Jones' Group Exhibitions, New York 1988-89, 4.1: undated 1980s, 1986, 1987, 1988
Warwick Hotel - see Players Hotel
Washington, Malivai - see tennis
watch - see Classic Moments Watches or Universal Geneve Timepieces
Watergate hearings - 2.1: 1973
Waterhouse, Alma Jones - 2.2: Alma Jones Waterhouse 1977-80, 4.1: 1979
The Splendid Splinter - 3.1: Williams at Bat, 1980-1991, 4.1: 1993, 2002
Williams at Bat, 1980 painting and 1991 serigraph - 3.1: Williams at Bat, 1980-1991, 4.1: 1981, 1991, 2002
Win a Few, Lose a Few, 1972 boxing documentary film - 4.1: 1972
Windsor Gallery - 4.1: undated 1970s
wine -- - 4.1: 1997, see also champagne
labels - 3.1: David Frost Wines 2001, 4.1: 1992, 1996, see also golf: Atlanta National Golf Club California Merlot
Wine Country Film Festival - 3.1: Wine Country Film Festival 1990
Wine, Women, and Cigar, 1996 - see cigars
Winged Foot - see golf
Wingmead - 2.2: JoAnn Perse Gallery 1983-02
Winners, 1983 - 2.2: ABC Correspondence, 2.2: Neiman-Marcus 1983-88, 2.2: Sterling/Winters Company 1983-84, 3.1: Hanson Galleries New Orleans and Carmel, 1983-84, 3.2. -- Winners -- , 1983, Harry N. Abrams, 4.2: The Ring Magazine
Wisconsin - 2.2: Bobby Hinds 1990-2000
Wittnauer International - see Universal Geneve
Wolf, Martin B. - 4.1: 1964
Wolfberg, Lee - 4.1: undated 1980s
Wolfson, Mr. and Mrs. Robert L. - 4.1: 1967, 1980
Women of Excellence - 2.1: 1985
Women's Basketball Hall of Fame - 3.1: Women's Basketball Hall of Fame, 1993
zoo - 3.2. -- LeRoy Neiman On Safari -- , 1996, Zoo Tour correspondence
Provenance:
The papers of artist LeRoy Neiman were donated to the Archives of American Art in 2005 by LeRoy Neiman.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research. Use requires an appointment and is limited to the Washington, D.C. research facility. This collection is publication restricted by the donor.
Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
1.15 cu. ft. (1 record storage box) (1 oversize folder)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Manuscripts
Serials (publications)
Pamphlets
Books
Black-and-white photographs
Date:
1888, 1909, 1921-1956, 1975, 1980-1990, 2016, and undated
Descriptive Entry:
This accession consists primarily of records created by ornithologist Josselyn Van Tyne and his work with the American Ornithologists' Union (AOU). In 1936, Van Tyne
became an AOU Fellow and later served as President, 1950-1953. Much of this collection concerns the Committee on Classification and Nomenclature, a committee on which he served
for fifteen years. Materials include correspondence, minutes, agenda, notes, reprints, pamphlets, photographs, and a book.
