151 commercial stereographs depicting scenes of South Asia. Sources include Underwood and Underwood Publishers; Ricalton; H.C. White Co.; American Stereoscopic Co. and Keystone View Co. Collectively this is a nearly complete complement of photographs of India taken by James Ricalton.
Local Numbers:
E591
FSA A2014.06 2.S
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce and publish an item from the Archives is coordinated through the National Museum of Asian Art's Rights and Reproductions department. Please contact the Archives in order to initiate this process.
Genre/Form:
Stereoscopic photographs
Stereographs
Collection Citation:
Robert J. Del Bonta Collection, FSA A2014.06. National Museum of Asian Art Archives. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
Interior of Mausoleum of Jahangir, Mogul Emperor from 1605-1627 AD, and Son of Akbar, Showing Frescoed Walls, Marble Intarsia Floor and Marble Tracery Panels in Chamber Door
Collection Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. United States National Museum. Department of Anthropology. Division of Ethnology Search this
1 Albumen print (image 23 x 29 cm., mounted 31 x 40 cm)
Container:
Box 1, Folder 3, Item 1
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Albumen prints
Place:
Agra (India)
Uttar Pradesh (India)
Date:
circa 1860s
Scope and Contents:
One albumen print of the mausoleum of Prince Etmad-Dowlach in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India, circa 1860s. View from top from with a few gentlemen to the side. Signed "Bourne 1232" in the center of the image.
Biographical / Historical:
The mausoleum of Etmad-Dowlach (Itimād-Ud-Daulah), built between 1622 and 1628, is located in Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. The tomb was commissioned by Mughal empress Nur Jahan, the wife of Jahangir, for her father Mirzā Ghiyās Beg (also known as Itimād-ud-Daulah). Mirzā Ghiyās Beg was known for his administrative prowess. He moved to India as a poor beggar, and eventually worked his way up to a high administrative official, earning his title Itimād-ud-Daulah ("Pillar of the State") from Emperor Akbar I. One of his granddaughters, Mumtaz Mahal, later also became empress alongside Shah Jahan. As it is thought that this tomb heavily inspired the Taj Mahal, which was built as Mumtaz Mahal's tomb, this mausoleum is sometimes called "the little Taj".
[Maybe more about Nur Jahan?]
It being made completely of white marble is an example of the changing trends in Mughal architecture. The tomb is intricately decorated on both the exterior and interior, with fine jali (stone latticework) and precious jewels inlaid in the marble in colorful patterns in the parchin kari (pietre dure) technique.
For information on Samuel Bourne, see A1999.1_4
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
1 Albumen print (image 23 x 29 cm., mounted 31 x 40 cm)
Container:
Box 1, Folder 3, Item 2
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Albumen prints
Place:
Agra (India)
Uttar Pradesh (India)
Date:
circa 1860s
Scope and Contents:
One albumen print of the Mausoleum of Akbar, Secundra. View from an angle with two Indian men in the center of the photograph. Signed "Bourne 1250" in the lower right corner of the image.
Biographical / Historical:
The Mausoleum of Akbar, built 1605-1613, is located in Secundra (Sikandra), outside of Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India. Akbar I expanded the Mughal Empire to Bengal in the east, the Deccan plateau in the south, Kashmir in the north, and Sindh in the west. Because of his personal religious beliefs, as well as in an attempt to prevent discord in a growing empire with diverse peoples, Akbar allowed for a great degree of religious freedom. He was interred in the mausoleum by his son, Jahangir, in 1613. In 1691, the tomb was attacked by rebels and Akbar's remains were desecrated. This photograph was taken before the restoration of the mausoleum in 1905.
For information on Samuel Bourne, see A1999.1_4
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
1 Albumen print (image 23 x 29 cm., mounted 31 x 40 cm)
Container:
Box 1, Folder 3, Item 3
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Albumen prints
Place:
Fatehpur Sikri (India)
Uttar Pradesh (India)
Date:
circa 1860s
Scope and Contents:
One albumen print of the Tomb of Selim Chisti at Futtepore Sikri (Fatehpur Sikri), Uttar Pradesh, India, circa 1860s. View from an angle with two Indian men in the center of the photograph. Signed "Bourne 1265" in the lower right corner of the image.
Biographical / Historical:
The tomb of Sufi saint Selim Chisti (Salim Chishti) was built by Akbar I in 1580-1581. The tomb was built to honor him after he successfully predicted the birth of Akbar's son, Jahangir. The tomb is located within the same building complex as the Jama Masjid. The tomb is known for its occupant, but also for its architecture. Its white marble stands against the red sandstone of the rest of the complex, and intricately carved jali (stone latticework) surrounds the building on all sides.
For information on Fatehpur Sikri, see A1999.1_9
For information on Akbar I, see A1999.1_11
For information on Samuel Bourne, see A1999.1_4
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
1 Albumen print (image 23 x 29 cm., mounted 31 x 40 cm)
Container:
Box 1, Folder 3, Item 4
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Albumen prints
Place:
Lucknow (India)
Uttar Pradesh (India)
Date:
circa 1860s
Scope and Contents:
One albumen print of a photograph from the terrace of the Chota Imambara complex, with a view of the tomb of Zenab Aliya and a Jama Masjid (mosque), in Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, circa 1860s. View from an angle with two Indian men in the center of the photograph. Signed "Bourne 1051" in the lower right corner of the image.
Biographical / Historical:
The tomb of Zenab Aliya (Zinat Algiya, or alternatively, Asiya Begum) is a part of the Chota Imambara complex in Lucknow. The complex began construction in 1838, but was not completed for over fifty years. It was intended as a meeting hall for Shia Muslims, as well as a mausoleum for Muhammad Ali Shah, King of Awadh (alternatively Oudh), and his family members. The tomb was built for both Zinat Algiya, daughter of Muhammad Ali Shah, and her husband. The building seen behind the tomb of Zinat Algiya is a Jama Masjid, which was also commissioned by Muhammad Ali Shah in 1839. After his death, his wife, Malika Jahan Sahiba, ensured the completion of the masjid in 1845.
King Muhammad Ali took power amid a set of dynastic disputes; he was aided to the throne in 1837 by the British. He ruled for only five years before his death. The increasing involvement of the British in varying dynasties in India shows the continually growing power of the East India Company before the British Crown took formal control of the country in 1858.
For information on the city of Lucknow under British rule, see A1999.1_27
For information on Samuel Bourne, see A1999.1_4
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
1 Albumen print (image 23 x 29 cm., mounted 31 x 40 cm)
Container:
Box 1, Folder 2, Item 5
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Albumen prints
Place:
Agra (India)
Uttar Pradesh (India)
Fatehpur Sikri (India)
Date:
circa 1860s
Scope and Contents:
One albumen print of the interior of the Great Quadrangle in Futtepore Sikri, circa 1860s. Signed "Bourne 1261" in the lower left corner of the image.
Biographical / Historical:
The city of Futtepore Sikri (Fatehpur Sikri), was founded in 1571 by Akbar I to serve as the capital of the Mughal Empire, a role which lasted until 1585. It is located in western Uttar Pradesh, India. Akbar chose the quiet site next to the ancient town of Sikri because of its proximity to the city of Agra. The palatial section of Fatehpur Sikri consists of a palace, a complex ("The Great Quadrangle") that houses a mosque (Jama Masjid) and a tomb (Tomb of Salim Chishti), as well as a few other, smaller buildings. The style of the buildings showcases the unity of Hindu and Muslim cultural designs under Akbar I's reign; the architecture is largely Timurid with Gujarati influences. Fatehpur Sikri is mostly made of red sandstone. The city was abandoned for formal use in 1585 and fell into disrepair as the Mughal Empire declined; it became a UNESCO World Heritage site in 1986.
This photograph is taken from the southeast interior corner of the Jama Masjid complex. Within view is the entrance to the Masjid proper, as well as the tomb of Salim Chishti.
For information on Akbar I, see A1999.01_11
For information on the tomb of Salim Chishti, see A1999.01_12
For information on Samuel Bourne, see A1999.01_4
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. The original glass plate is available for inspection if necessary in the Archives Center. A limited number of fragile glass negatives and positives in the collection can be viewed directly in the Archives Center by prior appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. The original glass plate is available for inspection if necessary in the Archives Center. A limited number of fragile glass negatives and positives in the collection can be viewed directly in the Archives Center by prior appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. The original glass plate is available for inspection if necessary in the Archives Center. A limited number of fragile glass negatives and positives in the collection can be viewed directly in the Archives Center by prior appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. The original glass plate is available for inspection if necessary in the Archives Center. A limited number of fragile glass negatives and positives in the collection can be viewed directly in the Archives Center by prior appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. The original glass plate is available for inspection if necessary in the Archives Center. A limited number of fragile glass negatives and positives in the collection can be viewed directly in the Archives Center by prior appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. The original glass plate is available for inspection if necessary in the Archives Center. A limited number of fragile glass negatives and positives in the collection can be viewed directly in the Archives Center by prior appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. The original glass plate is available for inspection if necessary in the Archives Center. A limited number of fragile glass negatives and positives in the collection can be viewed directly in the Archives Center by prior appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. The original glass plate is available for inspection if necessary in the Archives Center. A limited number of fragile glass negatives and positives in the collection can be viewed directly in the Archives Center by prior appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
1 Print (albumen, image 23 x 29 cm., mounted 31 x 40 cm.)
Container:
Box 1
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Microform
Prints
Photographs
Albumen prints
Place:
Agra (India)
India -- Uttar Pradesh -- Agra
Date:
circa 1860s
Scope and Contents:
One albumen print of the mausoleum of Prince Etmad-Dowlach (Agra, India), circa 1860s. View from an angle with two Indian men in the center of the photograph. Signed "Bourne 1233" in the lower left corner of the image.
Arrangement:
One folder in one flat box.
Biographical / Historical:
Samuel Bourne (1834-1912) had already begun to earn recognition for his work in England, having exhibited at the London International Exhibition of 1862, when he decided to give up his position in a bank and depart for India to work as a professional photographer. He arrived in Calcutta early in 1863, initially setting up a partnership with William Howard. They moved up to Simla, where they established a new studio Howard & Bourne, to be joined in 1864 by Charles Shepherd, to form Howard, Bourne & Shepherd. By 1866, after the departure of Howard, it became Bourne & Shepherd, the name under which the firm continues to operate to this day. Although Bourne only spent 6 years in India, his time there was extremely productive. He undertook three major expeditions in the Himalayas, creating an impressive body of work which combined the highest technical quality and a keen artistic eye, while working under difficult physical conditions. Bourne left India for good in 1870, selling his interest in Bourne & Shepherd shortly thereafter and abandoning commercial photography.
This photograph depicts the tomb of Mirza Ghiyas Beg, located in Agra, India. An important official of the Mughal empire. Ghiyas Beg served as the chief treasurer during the rule of Emperor Jahangir, and was given the title I'timād-ud-Daulah (i.e. Etmad-Dowlach), or Pillar of the State. The tomb, which is considered an architectural predecessor of the Taj Mahal, was commissioned by Nur Jahan, Ghiyas Beg's daughter and the wife of Jahangir.
Local Numbers:
FSA A1998.08
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
Samuel Bourne Photograph: Mausoleum of Prince Etmad-Dowlach, Agra, FSA A1998.08. National Museum of Asian Art Archives. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.
Identifier:
FSA.A1998.08
Archival Repository:
Freer Gallery of Art and Arthur M. Sackler Gallery Archives
