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[Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew]: A View of the Wilderness, with the Alahambra, the Pagoda, and the Mosque.

Lantern slide maker:
Van Altena, Edward  Search this
Architect:
Chambers, William Sir, 1726-1796  Search this
Publisher:
Chambers, William Sir, 1726-1796  Search this
Printmaker:
Rooker, Edward, -1774  Search this
Draughtsman:
Marlow, William, 1740-1813  Search this
Collection Creator:
Garden Club of America  Search this
Extent:
1 Lantern slide (black-and-white, 3.25 x 4 in.)
Type:
Archival materials
Lantern slides
Etchings
Prints
Reproductions
Place:
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (London, England)
United Kingdom -- England -- London -- Richmond -- Kew
Date:
[between 1914 and 1949]
General:
Historic plate caption: "A View of the Wilderness, with the Alahambra, the Pagoda, and the Mosque."
Mount reads: "Edward Van Altena, 71-79 W. 45th St., N.Y.C." Additional information on slide with possible identification of photographer not legible without a scope.
Historic plate number: "17."
Related Materials:
Editions of this etching are held by various repositories, including The Morgan Library and Museum, the Museum of London, the British Museum, and The Royal Collection.
Collection Restrictions:
Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Collection Rights:
Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.
Topic:
Gardens -- England -- London  Search this
Pagodas  Search this
People  Search this
Mosques  Search this
Genre/Form:
Lantern slides
Etchings
Prints
Reproductions
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.
Identifier:
AAG.GCA, Item GCA002046
See more items in:
The Garden Club of America collection
The Garden Club of America collection / Series 2: International Garden Images / United Kingdom -- England / GCA002: Richmond -- Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Gardens
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6c61f4214-df93-4e80-abfa-ebc7e3973e38
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref5142

Red on Brick (Balance)

Artist:
Adolph Gottlieb, American, b. New York City, 1903–1974  Search this
Medium:
Oil and gouache on paper
Dimensions:
sheet: 30 5/8 x 22 1/4 in. (77.8 x 56.4 cm) image: 29 1/8 x 20 5/8 in. (74 X 52.3 cm) [irreg.]
Type:
Painting
Date:
1960
Credit Line:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, Gift of Joseph H. Hirshhorn, 1966
Art © Adolph and Esther Gottlieb Foundation/Licensed by VAGA, New York, NY
Accession Number:
66.2156
See more items in:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden Collection
School:
Abstract Expressionism (First Generation)
Data Source:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/py21903d472-cda9-418f-8771-3cac25c9defe
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:hmsg_66.2156

Skyline

Artist:
George Grosz, American, b. Berlin, Germany, 1893–1959  Search this
Medium:
Watercolor on paper
Dimensions:
SHEET: 12 X 9 IN. (30.5 X 22.8 CM.) IMAGE: 10 1/2 X 7 11/16 IN. (26.7 X 19.5 CM.)
Type:
Drawing
Date:
1935
Credit Line:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, Gift of Joseph H. Hirshhorn, 1966
Accession Number:
66.2255
See more items in:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden Collection
Data Source:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/py2ac2323a5-2ec1-46ee-8bf8-2955c67ce52a
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:hmsg_66.2255

Untitled

Artist:
Franz Kline, American, b. Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania, 1910–1962  Search this
Medium:
Oil and charcoal on paper
Dimensions:
16 15/16 X 21 15/16 IN. (43.0 X 55.7 CM.)
Type:
Painting
Date:
(1957)
Credit Line:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, Gift of Joseph H. Hirshhorn, 1966
Accession Number:
66.2743
See more items in:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden Collection
School:
Abstract Expressionism (First Generation)
Data Source:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/py2150d6d31-a51b-4a9d-a202-6d1058f69644
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:hmsg_66.2743

Decorative Composition (Study for Promenade)

Artist:
Maurice Prendergast, American, b. St. John's, Newfoundland, Canada, 1858–1924  Search this
Medium:
Watercolor and pencil on paper
Dimensions:
12 3/4 × 20 7/8 in. (32.5 × 53 cm)
Type:
Painting
Date:
(1913-1915)
Credit Line:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, Gift of Joseph H. Hirshhorn, 1966
Accession Number:
66.4128
See more items in:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden Collection
School:
American Impressionism
Data Source:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/py2563ab595-7e74-4a0b-bd45-8c8b63a883f2
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:hmsg_66.4128

Alhambra Garden, Granada

Artist:
John Singer Sargent, American, b. Florence, Italy, 1856–1925  Search this
Medium:
Watercolor and pencil on paper
Dimensions:
14 15/16 × 17 15/16 in. (37.9 × 45.6 cm)
Type:
Painting
Date:
(1912)
Credit Line:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, Gift of Joseph H. Hirshhorn, 1966
Accession Number:
66.4452
See more items in:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden Collection
School:
American Impressionism
Data Source:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/py2440a627a-a25a-4a4a-91e8-3e0f5bc9aa82
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:hmsg_66.4452

White Journey

Artist:
Mark Tobey, American, b. Centerville, Wisconsin, 1890–1976  Search this
Medium:
Gouache on paper
Dimensions:
12 x 17 15/16 in. (30.5 x 45.6 cm)
Type:
Painting
Date:
1957
Credit Line:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, Gift of Joseph H. Hirshhorn, 1966
Accession Number:
66.4936
See more items in:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden Collection
School:
Pacific Northwest Regional/Abstract Expressionism (First Generat
Data Source:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/py2b016f826-dc3c-47b5-8dad-df361375168a
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:hmsg_66.4936

Enchanted

Artist:
Edward Potthast, American, b. Cincinnati, Ohio, 1857–1927  Search this
Medium:
Watercolor on paper
Dimensions:
21 5/8 X 25 7/8 IN. (59.9 X 65.7 CM.) IMAGE: 16 3/8 X 20 1/4 IN. (41.6 X 51.4 CM.)
Type:
Painting
Date:
(n.d.)
Credit Line:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, Gift of Joseph H. Hirshhorn, 1966
Accession Number:
72.238
See more items in:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden Collection
Data Source:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/py2a7e1064e-7039-44aa-b000-6985dab62af5
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:hmsg_72.238

Enchanted Forest

Artist:
Pavel Tchelitchew, American, b. Kaluga, Russia, 1898–1957  Search this
Medium:
Watercolor and pencil on paper mounted on paperboard and wood
Dimensions:
SHEET: 15 1/16 x 11 in. (38.3 x 27.9 cm) IMAGE: 13 11/16 x 10 1/8 in. (34.7 x 25.7cm)
Type:
Painting
Date:
1942
Credit Line:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, Gift of Joseph H. Hirshhorn, 1972
Accession Number:
72.291
See more items in:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden Collection
School:
Surrealism (American)
Data Source:
Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/py2b757065e-667d-4b1b-89cc-8931591ccde5
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:hmsg_72.291

Charlotte Cramer Sachs Papers

Creator:
Sachs, Charlotte Cramer, 1907-2004  Search this
Names:
Cramanna  Search this
Cramarc  Search this
Crambruck Press  Search this
Cramer Products Company  Search this
Joy Originals  Search this
Joy Products  Search this
Sachs, Alexander  Search this
Samuels, Donald  Search this
Extent:
4 Cubic feet (13 boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Advertisements
Awards
Business records
Clippings
Correspondence
Notes
Patents
Patent applications
Photographs
Sheet music
Date:
1905-2002
bulk 1940-2002
Summary:
Papers relating to Charlotte Cramer Sachs's life and career as an inventor mainly of food and household-related products: correspondence, photographs, business papers, awards, patents, printed materials, notes, and miscellany. The collection primarily consists of invention-related marketing materials including invention samples and prototypes, notes, clippings, business correspondence, and customer account records.
Scope and Contents:
The records are divided into two series. Series 2 is further divided into eight subseries.

Series 1 documents the inventor's creativity through her artistic, literary, and musical records. Also included are awards and certificates received and materials related to her childhood home. This series contains few photos of Cramer Sachs herself, although a print of one of her paintings, "Portrait of a Lady," circa 1953, seems to be a self-portrait. There are no photos of her husband or daughter in the collection. Also missing is any information related to the inventor's formal education, childhood, the circumstances of her departure from Berlin, marriage, and family life.

Materials in Series 2 constitute the bulk of the collection and are primarily comprised of marketing ephemera, with very few financial and production records. This series gives a broad outline of Cramer Sachs's many inventions documenting Joy Products and wine-related inventions in the most depth.

Series 1: Creative and Artistic Papers, 1933-2002

These records include sheet music, songbooks, stories, and poetry of the inventor's own creation; photographic prints of her artwork; art exhibition materials; publishing company (Crambruck Press) records and published materials; childhood residence ("Haus Cramer") materials, and awards and certificates unrelated to inventions. Artwork and songs make up the bulk of the materials, and are arranged alphabetically by subject. Records in this series provide a context for Cramer Sachs's career as an inventor, although they do not reveal extensive information regarding her personal life or history.

Records relating to artwork include press releases, exhibition photographic prints and negatives, promotional materials, newspaper clippings, notebooks compiled by Cramer Sachs, as well as donation records of artworks given by the inventor to The Cathedral Church of St. John the Divine.

Crambruck Press publishing company is a combined name which incorporates the inventor's surname, Cramer and mother's maiden name, Bruck. These records include a pre-publication notice and order form for a Crambruck Press publication, correspondence from a donor, as well as three Crambruck Press publications: From Boring Dinosaur to Passionate Computer by Livingston Welch, 1968; Poems by Helen H. Shotwell, 1970; and In Search of Harmony by Charlo, 1964.

Haus Cramer materials include photographs, newspaper clippings (many of them in German), correspondence between Cramer Sachs and Stanford University, and floor plans of the house designed in 1912 by German architect Hermann Muthesius. A framed black-and-white photographic print of Haus Cramer is fragile and is housed in a sink matte, box 9.

Poetry materials, songs, and stories are contained in bound books, published songbooks, original sheet music, and copyright records for song words, manuscripts written by Cramer Sachs, as well as correspondence records related to her writings. The song "With Love From New York" was used in the marketing of "Joy New Yorkshire Pudding Mix," and the records contain a vinyl recording which doubles as a marketing piece. Allusions to her husband, Alexander Sachs, and daughter, Eleanor, are found in some of her songs and stories.

Translation materials are comprised of correspondence (mostly in German), as well as Cramer Sachs's complete English translation of the "Stoffel Flies Across the Ocean" story, originally written in German by Erika Mann, circa 1932.

Series 2: Invention Records, 1905-2002

Invention Records contain information related to Cramer Sachs as an inventor and are divided into eight subseries. Materials include: patent related records; samples and prototypes; marketing and advertising materials; newspaper and magazine clippings; business correspondence records; customer account records; Wine Museum materials; and patent searches. These present a broad overview of Cramer Sachs's many inventions, although the majority of information is concentrated in the Household/Office, Food Products, and Wine-related series. Records are arranged chronologically by invention. The final subseries contain patent searches requested by the inventor.

Subseries 2.1: Cramer Products Company and Affiliate Company Records, 1942-2002

Materials include financial records, business correspondence, company awards and certificates, real estate materials, license agreements with outside inventors, a promotion prospectus for the company, and three company stamps (three dimensional). Also included are records of an invention for which Cramer Sachs sought copyright, "Orthodontic Device," 1954, and those having to do with products distributed—not invented—by Cramer Products Company, "Forster Longfresh," 1985. In addition, there are black-and-white photographic prints of an office opening which include images of Cramer Sachs in 1967. These records are arranged chronologically.

Subseries 2.2: Household/Office Records, 1913-1972

These records relate to seven different inventions, each with varying degrees of information. "Combination Key and Flashlight," 1940 was an improvement on previous patents and therefore consists of the earlier patent materials (1913 and 1938), Cramer Sachs's patent application materials, an official, sealed patent application (1940), prototype drawings, correspondence records related to manufacturing and distribution, photographic prints, and a newspaper article. "Cozi-Crib," 1958 and 1968, and "Joy Originals Log Cabin Furniture Set," 1957, records include marketing materials whereas "Holdit," 1972, and "Party Platter," 1962, are minimally represented by one or two photographic prints. "Gaitray" materials consist of four product samples. Materials for "Miracle Knee Tray," circa 1953 include marketing ephemera, a photograph, and two product samples. A prototype for the "Traypron," 1954, is also included. These records are arranged alphabetically by invention name.

Subseries 2.3: Food Products, 1940-1969

Records in this subseries are mostly comprised of Joy Products prepared mix materials. Two exceptions are the small, fragile recipe book, 1940, and the "Caviodka," 1962, records. Business correspondence materials contain those from a food and equipment consultant, the Colgate-Palmolive Company, and Arthur Colton Company, in addition to those relating to the incorporation of Cramer Sachs's "baking mix manufacturing plant" (1945). There are numerous packaging samples of various Joy Products, along with handwritten recipes and notes. An example of early packaging for Joy Products "Early American Muffin Mix" is in flat box 10. This subseries also includes customer surveys and comments, marketing plans and proposals, advertisements, and a marketing portfolio compiled by the inventor. A scrapbook contains Joy Products newspaper clippings, advertisements, marketing ephemera, and photographs of store displays. The scrapbook pages are extremely brittle and are housed in sleeves. Preservation copies are available for research use. These records are arranged chronologically.

Subseries 2.4: Pet Accessories, 1953-1954

This subseries consists of materials relating to three inventions: "Bonnie Stand," circa 1953-1954; "Guidog," 1953; and "Watch-Dog," 1953. Records include photographic prints, marketing materials, printing blocks (for "Bonnie Stand"), as well as a declaration of invention for, and a product sample of, "Watch-Dog." These records are arranged alphabetically by invention name.

Subseries 2.5: Games, 1961-1969

The inventor created two games: "Domi-Notes," circa 1961 and "Musicards," circa 1969. "Domi-Notes" materials include an order form citing the distributor as G. Schirmer, Inc. and the addressee as Walter Kane and Son, Inc., and three games two in cardboard boxes, (fragile) and one housed in the original hard plastic case. Records relating to "Musicards" consist of two game samples including directions for playing.

Subseries 2.6: Wine-Related, 1966-2002

Wine-related records cover twenty distinct inventions and range from specialty cabinets—which make-up the bulk of the materials—to bottle accessories such as the "Bottle Bib" and the "Cramanna Bottle Ring." The type and number of records vary, with the majority concentrated in the "Cool-Safe," "Cramarc Multiple Cabinet," "Modern Wine Cellar," and "Well Tempered Systems" folders. Records in invention-specific folders are arranged alphabetically and include marketing materials, press releases, photographic prints and some negatives, cabinet drawings, brochures, order forms, correspondence, as well as product samples of "Bottle Bibs."

Customer account records are arranged alphabetically and consist of billing statements, invoices, receipts, blueprints, correspondence, cabinet drawings, customer feedback, bills of lading, and memoranda. Letters from David H. Wollins laud Cramer Sachs's cabinet as "the finest home wine storage system in the world." Examples of how the inventor handled an unsatisfied customer can be found in the Col. Charles Langley folder.

Miscellaneous wine-related materials follow the customer account records. Included are advertising ephemera, photographs, and newspaper clippings originally assembled into a binder by Cramer Sachs. Taped to the inside front cover was a cut-out from a magazine advertisement which reads, "If you stick with the herd, you could end up as a lamb chop." Miscellaneous materials also include unlabeled cabinet drawings, photographic prints, competitor materials, photocopies from Grossman's Guide to Wines, Spirits, and Beers, as well as marketing materials and newspaper clippings covering a range of wine-related inventions. These records are arranged alphabetically by subject.

The final section of the wine-related subseries documents the development and eventual dissolution of The Wine Museum of New York. Records are arranged chronologically and include a provisional charter; an extension of the provisional charter; a newspaper clipping; outreach correspondence; a binder of wine museum materials including brochures, event invitations, exhibition opening cards, board member profiles, a press release, and newspaper clippings; wine museum exhibition information; and records related to the dissolution of the museum.

Subseries 2.7: Temperature and/or Humidity Controlled Devices, 1968-2002

This subseries documents the inventor's temperature and/or humidity controlled inventions that do not relate to wine. Cramer Sachs created the "Well Tempered Cabinet" for both wine and musical instruments; it is documented in this and the wine-related subseries. These records cover eight distinct inventions which range from specialty cabinets for musical instruments, furs, and cigars to devices designed to cool the body. Records relate to marketing, invention-specific business correspondence, confidential information and competition agreements, and include photographic negatives and prints. Miscellaneous cabinet drawings, cigar-related materials, and newspaper articles are also included. Records are arranged alphabetically by invention name followed by miscellaneous materials.

Subseries 2.8: Patent Searches, 1905-1980

Records in this subseries include correspondence as well as copies of several patented inventions for which Cramer Sachs requested information.
Arrangement:
Tha collection is arranged into two series.

Series 1: Creative and Artistic Papers, 1933-2002

Series 2: Invention Records, 1905-2002

Subseries 2.1: Cramer Products Company and Affiliate Company Records, 1942-2002

Subseries 2.2: Household/Office, 1913-1972

Subseries 2.3: Food Products, 1940-1969

Subseries 2.4: Pet Accessories, 1953-1954

Subseries 2.5: Games, 1961-1969

Subseries 2.6: Wine-related, 1966-2002

Subseries 2.7: Temperature and/or Humidity Controlled Devices, 1968-2002

Subseries 2.8: Patent Searches, 1905-1980
Biographical / Historical:
Charlotte Cramer Sachs was born in Berlin, Germany on September 27, 1907. Her father, Hans Siegfried Cramer, worked as a businessman for a successful grain import and export company whose innovative enterprises included the import of soy beans from Eastern Europe. In 1903, Hans married Gertrud Bruck, one of the first women to attain her Abitur, somewhat similar to an American high school diploma, at age eighteen. Bruck's formal education ended there, as her wish to attend university was thwarted by her father Adalbert, a judge who insisted that she remain at home. The couple settled in Berlin and had two children—Frederick H., born March 2, 1906, and Charlotte. From 1913 to 1924 The Cramers lived in the Berlin Dahlem suburb occupying "Haus Cramer," a villa built in 1912 to their specifications by German architect Hermann Muthesius.

On September 12, 1924, Cramer Sachs married Donald Samuels, a top executive of the Manhattan Shirt Company and moved to New York from England where their daughter Eleanor was born on June 11, 1926. Several years later, the couple divorced. Mother and daughter lived together in London for a few years before moving back to New York around 1936. Charlotte's parents relocated to New York at the same time, after a brief stay in London following their flight from Berlin after Hitler's rise to power. In August 1945, Charlotte Cramer married Alexander Sachs, a leading economist who had introduced Albert Einstein to President Franklin Delano Roosevelt and acted as advisor to the President.

Although she established her business career in America, Cramer Sachs retained fond memories of the house and extensive grounds in Dahlem. In 1977 she composed the song "A Salute to Berlin" to commemorate the designation of Haus Cramer as one of the city's historic landmarks. In 2000, she donated a painted portrait of herself from the time she had lived in Haus Cramer to the villa's new owner, Stanford University. The house retains additional significance in the context of this collection because Cramer Sachs credited its wine cellar—unusual in that it provided a separate, climate controlled environment for red and white wines—as an inspiration for her line of custom-built, vibration-free wine storage devices, which would later make Cramer Products Company a household name among wine connoisseurs.

While she did not attend university her pursuit of learning continued throughout her life as she studied poetry, musical composition, and the fine arts. Cramer Sachs often told her niece, Lilian Randall, that she wished she had received further education, although her public art exhibitions, poetry awards, numerous original songs, the establishment of Crambruck Press (her own publishing company), as well as language fluency in French, English, and German, are testaments to this inventor's intellectual curiosity and development. Evidence of Cramer Sachs's entrepreneurial spirit surfaced in her early thirties with her first patent: Improvements in Combined Key and Flashlight, July 16, 1940, patent number 2,208,498.

In 1940, Cramer Sachs completed courses from the New York Institute of Dietetics, an effort spurred by the onset of her daughter's diabetes. With financial assistance from her parents in the early 1940s, Cramer Sachs developed Joy Products prepared mixes, marking the beginning of a successful career in inventing. "We were a pioneer in that field," said Cramer Sachs of her baking mix manufacturing company, an operation that consisted of a Bronx neighborhood factory employing ninety workers. The enterprise began with corn muffin and popover mixes and expanded into frostings, puddings, and breads. Newspaper clippings from the time promoted Joy packaged mixes as ideal gifts for "the boys overseas" who were in locations where it was "impossible to get together the makings of a cake." Cramer Sachs refused an early offer to sell her mix formulas which were subsequently copied and exploited by larger, more powerful companies. Joy Products, whose name was chosen to express the inventor's delight in creativity, remained in business as a modest one-woman operation for over twenty years before succumbing to competition.

Cramer Sachs created another highly successful invention, the specialty wine cabinet, more than twenty years after she founded Joy Products. In addition to her memories of visits with her father to the wine cellar in her family's German villa, further motivation came from an interest—though she hardly drank it at all—in wine and recognition that "standard cooling and refrigerating appliances [were] too cold for wines." Reportedly, Cramer Sachs "started looking for [an appropriate device] and could not find one," and thus the impetus to invent took shape. The "Modern Wine Cellar," 1966, was an early example of over twenty wine-related inventions, most of them storage devices. A mention of her product in Grossman's Guide to Wines, Spirits, and Beers, increased demand among wine lovers and may have prompted Cramer Sachs to state that she "should find a good market" for her newest invention line. Testimony from David H. Wollins, a successful New York lawyer and customer of Cramer Sachs, lauded the cabinet as "the finest home wine storage system in the world." She framed his letter and hung it in her office at 381 South Park Avenue, her base operation where she employed one or two part-time helpers from the 1960s until her death in 2004.

The inventor took great joy in music, expressed in her own numerous compositions and her creation of the games "Domi-Notes" and "Musicards" in 1961 and 1969. Her fondness for music also prompted the expansion of her specialty cabinets to include temperature and humidity controlled devices for storing a variety of items, most notably the "Well Tempered Cabinet for Musical Instruments," which Cramer Sachs first designed for legendary violinist Isaac Stern. Soon the inventor began producing similar cabinets for the storage of cigars, furs, and documents.

Described by her niece as "shy with people but a great admirer of talent, intellect, and humanity," Cramer Sachs also "harbored a great love for animals." She invented several pet accessories in the early 1950s, including: "Watch-Dog," a dog collar with a time piece; "Bonnie Stand," a holder fashioned to accommodate disposable food bowls; and "Guidog," an early version of a retractable dog leash.

In 1972, Cramer Sachs suffered the loss of her only child, Eleanor, and in the summer of the next year her husband Alexander passed away. She continued her "business of creating new product ideas" for the remainder of her life. The most recent invention materials represented in the collection are those for the "Conservator" from 2002, a temperature and humidity controlled device with compartments to store a variety of items. In her last telephone conversation with her niece, on March 10, 2004, Cramer Sachs expressed her hope that she would feel "strong enough to get to the office the next day or so." The inventor died the following day at the age of 96.

Patents issued to Charlotte Cramer Sachs:

United States Patent: 2,208,498, "Combined Key and Flashlight," July 16, 1940

United States Patent: 2,509,423, "Wedge Heel Shoe," May 30, 1950

United States Patent: 2,808,191, "Lap Tray," October 1, 1957

United States Patent: Des. 363,618, "Cabinet," October 31, 1995
Related Materials:
Materials in Other Organizations

Franklin Delano Roosevelt Presidential Library and Museum

Related materials on husband Alexander Sachs's political and professional life found in the Papers of Alexander Sachs

Art Gallery of Ontario, E. P. Taylor Research Library and Archives, Toronto Ontario, Canada

Correspondence between Cramer Sachs and Sam and Ayala Zacks dating from the 1970s and relating to Zionist art found in the Sam and Ayala Zacks Fonds.

Columbia University Libraries, Avery Drawings & Archives Collections Haus Cramer architectural records and papers, 1911-2004, (bulk 1911-1955)

This collection primarily contains original and reprographic architectural records, photographs, correspondence and personal and professional records related to the design, construction, and ownership of the Haus Cramer in Dahlem, Berlin, Germany, designed by German architect Hermann Muthesius in 1911-1913 for Hans and Gertrud Cramer, with later additions by Muthesius and other architects. A significant portion of the collection also documents the Cramer family's efforts to obtain restitution after World War II for the seizure of the house in the 1930s. Also included are records documenting the restoration and reuse, an effort led by noted architectural historian Julius Poesner.

Mount Holyoke College Archives and Special Collections

Cramer papers, 1938-1954

Cramer, Frederick Henry, 1906-1954; historian and college teacher. Mount Holyoke College faculty member, 1938-1954. Papers consist of writings, biographical information, and photographs; primarily documenting his scholarly activities and his interest in automobile racing.

German Historical Institute

Charlotte Cramer Sachs in the Immigrant Entrepreneurship: German-American Business Biographies, 1720 to the Present.

The collaborative research project Immigrant Entrepreneurship: German-American Business Biographies, 1720 to the Present sheds new light on the entrepreneurial and economic capacity of immigrants by investigating the German-American example in the United States. It traces the lives, careers and business ventures of eminent German-American business people of roughly the last two hundred and ninety years, integrating the history of German-American immigration into the larger narrative of U.S. economic and business history.
Provenance:
The papers were donated to the Archives Center at the National Museum of American History in the spring of 2005 by Lilian Randall (niece), Erich Cramer (nephew), Aileen Katz (niece), Elisabeth Weissbach (niece), and John Cramer (nephew).
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research use. Gloves must be worn when handling unprotected photographs and negatives.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning intellectual property rights. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Baked products  Search this
Food mixes  Search this
Inventors -- 20th century -- United States  Search this
Wine -- Storage  Search this
Women inventors  Search this
Women inventors -- 20th century  Search this
Works of art  Search this
Genre/Form:
Advertisements
Awards
Business records -- 20th century
Clippings -- 20th century
Correspondence -- 20th century
Notes
Patents
Patent applications
Photographs -- 20th century
Sheet music
Citation:
Charlotte Cramer Sachs Papers, 1905-2002, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0878
See more items in:
Charlotte Cramer Sachs Papers
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep80e9d7739-dea1-4c9b-82cb-6fcf17e24b00
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0878
Online Media:

William Henry Bissell

Artist:
Unidentified Artist  Search this
Sitter:
William Henry Bissell, 1811 - 1860  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvas
Dimensions:
75.2 x 62.2cm (29 5/8 x 24 1/2")
Type:
Painting
Date:
c. 1850-60
Topic:
Interior  Search this
Architecture\Arch  Search this
Home Furnishings\Drape  Search this
Costume\Dress Accessory\Stock  Search this
Costume\Outerwear\Coat\Overcoat  Search this
William Henry Bissell: Male  Search this
William Henry Bissell: Politics and Government\Governor\Illinois  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum
Object number:
1686
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm40d5c0ceb-cfa2-4643-bd51-cc47e1a50116
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_1686

Abraham Lincoln

Artist:
Unidentified Artist  Search this
Sitter:
Abraham Lincoln, 12 Feb 1809 - 15 Apr 1865  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvas
Dimensions:
67cm x 54.9cm (26 3/8" x 21 5/8"), Sight
Type:
Painting
Topic:
Abraham Lincoln: Male  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Military and Intelligence\Soldier  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Society and Social Change\Reformer\Environmentalist  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Illinois  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\Government official\Surveyor  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\State Senator\Illinois  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\Government official\Postmaster  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Crafts and Trades\Boat builder  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum
Object number:
2123
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4c3f11781-a93f-42cc-b350-226418b8c7be
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_2123

Abraham Lincoln

Artist:
William Camm, 1837 - 1906  Search this
Sitter:
Abraham Lincoln, 12 Feb 1809 - 15 Apr 1865  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvas
Dimensions:
93.2cm x 67.2cm (36 11/16" x 26 7/16"), Sight
Type:
Painting
Date:
c. 1860-65
Topic:
Abraham Lincoln: Male  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Military and Intelligence\Soldier  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Society and Social Change\Reformer\Environmentalist  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Illinois  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\Government official\Surveyor  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\State Senator\Illinois  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\Government official\Postmaster  Search this
Abraham Lincoln: Crafts and Trades\Boat builder  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum
Object number:
2127
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm496331bc5-b21e-42a6-9c6f-12c4c879c048
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_2127

Marquis De Lafayette

Artist:
James Berry, 1805 - 1874  Search this
Copy after:
John Vanderlyn, 15 Oct 1775 - 23 Sep 1852  Search this
Sitter:
Marquis de Lafayette, 6 Sep 1757 - 20 May 1834  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvas
Dimensions:
231cm x 169.8cm (90 15/16" x 66 7/8"), Sight
Type:
Painting
Date:
1840
Topic:
Marquis de Lafayette: Male  Search this
Marquis de Lafayette: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer  Search this
Marquis de Lafayette: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War Army officer  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum
Object number:
2138
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm49811526f-1980-4260-aa8e-037ab21da16f
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_2138

Herbert Clark Hoover

Artist:
Unidentified Artist  Search this
Sitter:
Herbert Clark Hoover, 10 Aug 1874 - 20 Oct 1964  Search this
Medium:
Bronzed plaster
Dimensions:
*
Type:
Sculpture
Date:
c. 1929
Topic:
Herbert Clark Hoover: Male  Search this
Herbert Clark Hoover: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
Herbert Clark Hoover: Science and Technology\Engineer  Search this
Herbert Clark Hoover: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of Commerce  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Herbert Hoover Presidential Library And Museum
Object number:
62.1072
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4beac68aa-6bc4-4728-a9ff-dc5caaeb919d
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_62.1072

Herbert Clark Hoover

Artist:
William Barr, 1867 - 1933  Search this
Sitter:
Herbert Clark Hoover, 10 Aug 1874 - 20 Oct 1964  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvas
Dimensions:
125.9 × 95.5 cm (49 9/16 × 37 5/8")
Type:
Painting
Date:
c. 1920
Topic:
Interior  Search this
Costume\Dress Accessory\Neckwear\Tie\Necktie  Search this
Herbert Clark Hoover: Male  Search this
Herbert Clark Hoover: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
Herbert Clark Hoover: Science and Technology\Engineer  Search this
Herbert Clark Hoover: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of Commerce  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Herbert Hoover Presidential Library And Museum
Object number:
62.3.94
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4ce00e314-104c-4972-89ff-a38e2dfaaa43
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_62.3.94

George Washington

Artist:
Unidentified Artist  Search this
Sitter:
George Washington, 22 Feb 1732 - 14 Dec 1799  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvas
Dimensions:
41cm x 35.5cm (16 1/8" x 14"), Accurate
Type:
Painting
Date:
Indeterminable
Topic:
George Washington: Male  Search this
George Washington: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War Army officer  Search this
George Washington: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman  Search this
George Washington: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this
George Washington: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\General  Search this
George Washington: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
George Washington: Science and Technology\Surveyor  Search this
George Washington: Congressional Gold Medal  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Herbert Hoover Presidential Library And Museum
Object number:
62.6.39
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm49f3b1df1-9eda-4165-861b-fd3097505da2
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_62.6.39

Herbert Clark Hoover

Artist:
Louise Zumkeller, 20th century  Search this
Sitter:
Herbert Clark Hoover, 10 Aug 1874 - 20 Oct 1964  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvasboard
Dimensions:
58.2cm x 43.1cm (22 15/16" x 16 15/16"), Accurate
Type:
Painting
Date:
c. 1930-64
Topic:
Herbert Clark Hoover: Male  Search this
Herbert Clark Hoover: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
Herbert Clark Hoover: Science and Technology\Engineer  Search this
Herbert Clark Hoover: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of Commerce  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Herbert Hoover Presidential Library And Museum
Object number:
65.1.7
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4c05d76f4-8b28-4dc0-b5bf-3a4c93b7c742
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_65.1.7

George Washington

Artist:
Thomas Sully, 19 Jun 1783 - 5 Nov 1872  Search this
Copy after:
Gilbert Stuart, 3 Dec 1755 - 9 Jul 1828  Search this
Sitter:
George Washington, 22 Feb 1732 - 14 Dec 1799  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvas
Dimensions:
48.3cm x 37.5cm (19" x 14 3/4"), Accurate
Type:
Painting
Date:
1820?
Topic:
George Washington: Male  Search this
George Washington: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War Army officer  Search this
George Washington: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman  Search this
George Washington: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this
George Washington: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\General  Search this
George Washington: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this
George Washington: Science and Technology\Surveyor  Search this
George Washington: Congressional Gold Medal  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum
Object number:
70.3.15
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm49513cfce-c8c7-4811-b794-f4ea0046a76b
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_70.3.15

Lady Bird Johnson

Artist:
Norman Rockwell, 3 Feb 1894 - 8 Nov 1978  Search this
Sitter:
Lady Bird Johnson, 22 Dec 1912 - 11 Jul 2007  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvasboard
Dimensions:
61cm x 51cm (24" x 20 1/16"), Accurate
Type:
Painting
Date:
c. 1960-64
Topic:
Lady Bird Johnson: Female  Search this
Lady Bird Johnson: Business and Finance\Businessperson  Search this
Lady Bird Johnson: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\University administrator\University trustee  Search this
Lady Bird Johnson: Society and Social Change\Reformer\Environmentalist  Search this
Lady Bird Johnson: Politics and Government\First Lady\First Lady of US  Search this
Lady Bird Johnson: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Radio  Search this
Lady Bird Johnson: Presidential Medal of Freedom  Search this
Lady Bird Johnson: Congressional Gold Medal  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
Owner: Lyndon Baines Johnson Library and Museum
Object number:
70.3.18
Restrictions & Rights:
Usage conditions apply
See more items in:
Catalog of American Portraits
Data Source:
Catalog of American Portraits
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm46947ccbf-642f-4354-aa11-4a05d6e175f7
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_70.3.18

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