This collection is composed of fifty-one (51) drawings by Herbert Ward, made when he was a member of the Emin Pasha Relief Expedition. Most of the drawings depict men and women of the upper Congo River, but several others depict tools and implements.
Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Historical Note:
The Emin Pasha Relief Expedition (1886-1889) was a British expedition through the interior of Africa led by Henry Morton Stanley. The professed goal of the expedition was to provide aid to Emin Pasha, the governor of Equatoria, which was threatened by Mahdist forces of Muhammad Ahmad bin Abd Allah.
Biographical Note:
Herbert Ward (1863-1919) moved to the Democratic Republic of the Congo (then called Zaire) in 1884. He joined the Emin Pasha Relief Expedition (1886-1889) as an aide to Stanley. After the expedition, Ward returned to Europe, where he lectured and wrote about his experiences in the Congo. In 1893, he began formal art training, including the study of sculpture, and became a Fellow of the Royal Geographic Society. He spent most of his later life crafting bronzes of Africans and African life; his sculptures and his collection of African artifacts were exhibited by the United States National Museum in 1922.
Conservation Note:
The drawings were arranged in 6 montages by the Ward/Barclay family. The drawings were removed from their original mats and placed in individual conservation mats. Photographs of the drawings in the original mats are available.
Related Materials:
Ward's collection of bronzes and artifacts held in the Department of Anthropology collections in accession 067312.
The National Anthropological Archives holds the Harry C. Ellis photographs of Herbert Ward's studio in Paris (Photo Lot 75-52). Additional Ellis photographs of Ward's studio can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in Photo Lot 4 (under H.C. Ellis).
A pamphlet on the Herbert Ward African Collection can be found in the National Anthropological Archives reference files.
The Royal Geographical Society holds papers relating to Herbert Ward.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Works of art
Drawings
Citation:
MS 1999-23 Herbert Ward drawings from the Emin Pasha Relief Expedition, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.
The photographs document African businesses, cities, industry, landscapes, peoples and resources. The collection documents various locations within Kenya, Tanzania, Congo (Democratic Republic of), Zimbabwe, Uganda and South Africa. Peoples represented include Kikuyu, Maasai, Bangi, Chagga, Ndombe, Poto, Bangala, Zulu, and Kongo peoples. There are many images of agriculture, hunting, making pottery, mining diamonds and gold, church services at a Catholic mission, a gathering of chiefs at a court, a lion-killing ceremony, and war dances. Businesses and industries shown include coffee plantations; the DeBeers Diamond Mine; a diamond mine compound and crushing mill; fishing boats; a hemp plantation; ivory trade; a market; and the stock market.
Scope and Contents:
The photographs document African businesses, cities, industry, landscapes, peoples and resources. Place documented include Moshi Province, Mount Kilimanjaro, Mount Meru, the Serengeti Plain (Kenya), and Zanzibar in German East Africa (now Tanzania); Victoria Falls and the Zambezi River in Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe); Cape Town, Devil's Peak, Johannesburg, Kimberly, Natal Province, and Port Elizabeth in South Africa; the waterfront of Dar es Salaam, Tanzania; and Soko, Boma, Leopoldville (now Kinshasa), and Stanley Falls (now Boyoma Falls). There are also photographs of the Nile during a flood.
People portrayed include a Kikuyu man paying brideprice for a wife; Kikuyu women carrying water vessels and planting beans; Maasai women building houses; Swahili people dancing; Swahili women using a power figure to ward off evil; and Zulu men training for war. Other peoples portrayed include Bangala, Bangi, Chagga, Kongo, Ndombe and Poto.
Activities documented include buying ivory, carrying rubber, clearing the ground for a coffee plantation, fishing, gambling, grinding corn, hunting zebra, making pottery, mining diamonds and gold, peeling bark for bark cloth, picking coffee, preparing food, smoking meat, threshing beans, and tying house poles. There are also images of church services at a Catholic mission, a gathering of chiefs at a court, a lion-killing ceremony, and war dances.
Businesses and industries shown include coffee plantations in Rhodesia; the DeBeers Diamond Mine in South Africa; a diamond mine compound and crushing mill; fishing boats off Cape Town; a hemp plantation in Uganda; ivory trade in Mombasa, Kenya; a market; and the stock market in Johannesburg.
Biographical / Historical:
In 1882 the Underwood and Underwood Company began operations in Kansas. Founded by brothers Bert Elias (1862-1943) and Elmer (1860-1947) Underwood, the company pioneered the technique of selling stereographs door-to-door. By 1884, Underwood and Underwood's operations had expanded to the West Coast, and the company soon opened offices throughout the world. In the 1890s, the firm began selling images to publications such as Illustrated London News and Harper's Weekly. At its peak in the early 19th century, the company produced 25,000 images per day.
In the late 1910s, Underwood and Underwood was purchased by a competing stereograph company, the Keystone View Company.
Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. The original glass plate is available for inspection if necessary in the Archives Center. A limited number of fragile glass negatives and positives in the collection can be viewed directly in the Archives Center by prior appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Chansons enfantines Ba-Bember (3:32) --Berceuse Ba-Lari (1:52) --Divertissement de femmes Ba-Lari (3:00) --Chant Ba-Lari avec accompagnement de vierle (2:14) --Complainte Ba-Lari avec accompagnement de pluriarc (2:18) --Chant de marche Ba-Lari avec accompagnement de sanza (2:44) -- Rercit chanter Ba-Bember avec accompagnement de luth (2:22) --rchestre de "massikoulou" Ba-Congo (5:04) -- Tambours Ba-Congo-Nserker (3:22) --Orchestre Ba-Lari avec tambour ar friction (3:18) --Ensemble de trompes Ba-Bember (2:20) --Choeur et trompes Ba-Bember (3:55).
Program notes by the compiler in French with English translation on container and inserted ([3] p. : ill.). Performer(s): Songs and instrumental music performed by the Ba-Bembe, Ba-Congo, Ba-Congo-Nseke, and Ba-lari. Production notes: Recorded September 1966.
Restrictions:
Restrictions on access. No duplication allowed listening and viewing for research purposes only.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from the Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections. Please visit our website to learn more about submitting a request. The Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections make no guarantees concerning copyright or other intellectual property restrictions. Other usage conditions may apply; please see the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for more information.
During his trip to Congo (now Democratic Republic of Congo), Elisofon visited a camp of Angolan refugees at Kibentile near Mbanza-Ngungu. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for American Broadcasting Company and traveled to Africa from early December 1966 to early February 1967.
Local Numbers:
A 3 ZAI 42 EE 67
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
N10
Frame value is 11.
Slide No. A 3 ZAI 42 EE 67
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
During his trip to Congo (now Democratic Republic of Congo), Elisofon visited a camp of Angolan refugees at Kibentile near Mbanza-Ngungu. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for American Broadcasting Company and traveled to Africa from early December 1966 to early February 1967.
Local Numbers:
A 3 ZAI 44.4 EE 67
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
061
Frame value is 15.
Slide No. A 3 ZAI 44.4 EE 67
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
During his trip to Congo (now Democratic Republic of Congo), Elisofon visited a camp of Angolan refugees at Kibentile near Mbanza-Ngungu. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for American Broadcasting Company and traveled to Africa from early December 1966 to early February 1967.
Local Numbers:
A 3 ZAI 46.6 EE 67
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
N10
Frame value is 12.
Slide No. A 3 ZAI 46.6 EE 67
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
The photograph depicts a family of Angolan refugees with children suffering of malnutrition and measles. During his trip to Congo (now Democratic Republic of Congo), Elisofon visited a camp of Angolan refugees at Kibentile near Mbanza-Ngungu. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for American Broadcasting Company and traveled to Africa from early December 1966 to early February 1967.
Local Numbers:
A 3 ZAI 48 EE 67
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
N10
Frame value is 32.
Slide No. A 3 ZAI 48 EE 67
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
The photograph depicts a family of Angolan refugees with children suffering of malnutrition and measles. During his trip to Congo (now Democratic Republic of Congo), Elisofon visited a camp of Angolan refugees at Kibentile near Mbanza-Ngungu. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for American Broadcasting Company and traveled to Africa from early December 1966 to early February 1967.
Local Numbers:
A 3 ZAI 48.1 EE 67
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
N10
Frame value is 30.
Slide No. A 3 ZAI 48.1 EE 67
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
The photograph depicts a family of Angolan refugees with children suffering of malnutrition and measles. During his trip to Congo (now Democratic Republic of Congo), Elisofon visited a camp of Angolan refugees at Kibentile near Mbanza-Ngungu. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for American Broadcasting Company and traveled to Africa from early December 1966 to early February 1967.
Local Numbers:
A 3 ZAI 48.1.1 EE 67
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
N10
Frame value is 33.
Slide No. A 3 ZAI 48.1.1 EE 67
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
The photograph depicts a family of Angolan refugees with children suffering of malnutrition and measles. During his trip to Congo (now Democratic Republic of Congo), Elisofon visited a camp of Angolan refugees at Kibentile near Mbanza-Ngungu. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for American Broadcasting Company and traveled to Africa from early December 1966 to early February 1967.
Local Numbers:
A 3 ZAI 48.2 EE 67
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
N10
Frame value is 31.
Slide No. A 3 ZAI 48.2 EE 67
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
During his trip to Congo (now Democratic Republic of Congo), Elisofon visited a camp of Angolan refugees at Kibentile near Mbanza-Ngungu. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for American Broadcasting Company and traveled to Africa from early December 1966 to early February 1967.
Local Numbers:
A 3 ZAI 54.5 EE 67
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
Frame value is 0.
Slide No. A 3 ZAI 54.5 EE 67
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
During his trip to Congo (now Democratic Republic of Congo), Elisofon visited a camp of Angolan refugees at Kibentile near Mbanza-Ngungu. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for American Broadcasting Company and traveled to Africa from early December 1966 to early February 1967.
Local Numbers:
A 3 ZAI 74.7 EE 67
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
N10
Frame value is 19.
Slide No. A 3 ZAI 74.7 EE 67
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
During his trip to Congo (now Democratic Republic of Congo), Elisofon visited a camp of Angolan refugees at Kibentile near Mbanza-Ngungu. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for American Broadcasting Company and traveled to Africa from early December 1966 to early February 1967.
Local Numbers:
A 3 ZAI 74.7.2 EE 67
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
N10
Frame value is 17.
Slide No. A 3 ZAI 74.7.2 EE 67
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
During his trip to Congo (now Democratic Republic of Congo), Elisofon visited a camp of Angolan refugees at Kibentile near Mbanza-Ngungu. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for American Broadcasting Company and traveled to Africa from early December 1966 to early February 1967.
Local Numbers:
A 3 ZAI 74.8 EE 67
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
N10
Frame value is 23.
Slide No. A 3 ZAI 74.8 EE 67
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
During his trip to Congo (now Democratic Republic of Congo), Elisofon visited a camp of Angolan refugees at Kibentile near Mbanza-Ngungu. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for American Broadcasting Company and traveled to Africa from early December 1966 to early February 1967.
Local Numbers:
A 3 ZAI 74.9 EE 67
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
N10
Frame value is 21.
Slide No. A 3 ZAI 74.9 EE 67
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
During his trip to Congo (now Democratic Republic of Congo), Elisofon visited a camp of Angolan refugees at Kibentile near Mbanza-Ngungu. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for American Broadcasting Company and traveled to Africa from early December 1966 to early February 1967.
Local Numbers:
A 3 ZAI 75 EE 67
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
N10
Frame value is 29.
Slide No. A 3 ZAI 75 EE 67
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
During his trip to Congo (now Democratic Republic of Congo), Elisofon visited a camp of Angolan refugees at Kibentile near Mbanza-Ngungu. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for American Broadcasting Company and traveled to Africa from early December 1966 to early February 1967.
Local Numbers:
A 3 ZAI 75.0.1 EE 67
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
N10
Frame value is 33.
Slide No. A 3 ZAI 75.0.1 EE 67
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
