Mary Hunter, Makah/Klallam (Clallam)/Quileute/Cowichan, b. 1947; painted design by Greg Colfax, Makah, b. ca. 1947 and Greig Arnold, Makah, b. 1951 Search this
Herman J. Viola photograph collection relating to Star Hawk Pow Wow, American Indian Cultural Resources Training Program, and acquisition trips for NAA
American Indian Cultural Resources Training Program Search this
Smithsonian Institution, Department of Anthropology, National Anthropological Archives, Native American Cultural Resources Training Program Search this
Photographs made by Herman J. Viola, depicting the 1973 Institute of American Indian Art meeting, Wolf Robe Hunt and his Acoma pottery, the transfer of Blue Eagle collection from Mae Abbott home to National Anthropological archives, and the 1974 Star Hawk Pow Wow in Watonga, Oklahoma. Additionally, there are photographs of NAA staff and the 1974 Acee Blue Eagle reception at NAA, possibly made by Viola. The collection also contains some photographs of Wounded Knee taken by Rev. Salvatore Genete, and copies of official portraits of Governor Aquillar of San Ildefonso Pueblo made by Harry B. Neufeld. There are also National Archives photographs of Chinese Boxer Rebellion prints, and Young watercolors and Alden sketches of American landscapes.
Much of the collection consists of portraits of participants in the NAA's American Indian Cultural Resources Training Program made by Smithsonian photographers, including Victor Krantz. These individuals include: Harry Walters, Navajo; Anna Walters, Otoe-Pawnee; George Sutton, Southern Arapaho; Sarah Yazzie, Navajo; Rubie Sootkis, Norther Cheyenne; David Fanman, Cheyenne; Augustine Smith, Navajo; Lorraine Bigman, Navajo; Jim Jefferson, Southern Ute; Rose Marie Pierite Gallardo, Tunica-Biloxi; George Horse Capture, Gros Ventre; Violet Zospah, White Mountain Apache; Gloria Anderson, Mille Lacs; Wenonah Silva, Wampanoag; Claire Lamont, Oglala; George Wasson, Coos-Coquille; Virginia Martin, Yakama; Gary Roybal, San Ildefonso; Richard Ground, Sihasapa; Almeda Baker, Hidatsa; June Finley, Hidatsa; Lida Young Wolf, Hidatsa; Christine Webster, Menominee; Rose Marie Roybal, Puyallup; Vivienne Jake, Kaibab-Paiute; Kim Yerton, Hupa; Dean Jacobs, Ojibwa; Lois Nowlin, Shawnee; Bonita McCloud, Nisqually; Gloria Maude Blackbird Cheswalla, Osage; Emily Peake, Ojibwa; Gordon McLester, Oneida; Mary Seth, Nez Perce; Bill Tohee, Oto-Missouria; Frank LaPena, Wintu; Juanita McQuistion, Wyandot; Carson Waterman, Seneca; Elton Stumbling Bear, Kiowa Apache; Patrick Chief Stick, Chippewa-Cree; Lynne Walks-on-Top, Spokane; Ethelyn Garfield, Paiute; Nora Dauenhauer, Tlingit; Caroline B. Jones, Tulalip; Grace F. Thorpe, Sauk and Fox; Dixie Lee Davis, Yavapai; Lynn D. Pauahty, Kiowa; David Lee Harding, Ojibwa; Robert V. Bojorcas, Klamath; Patty Leah Harjo, Seneca-Cayuga; Steven DeCoteau, Clallam; Robert Van Gunten, Ojibwa; Danny K. Marshall, Steilacoom; Meredith P. Flinn, Makah; Rhonda Hulsey, Chickasaw; Betty J. Brown, Choctaw; Vernon Calavaza, Zuni; Jack Bowen Jr., Upper Skagit; and Harry William Jr., Pima.
Biographical/Historical note:
Herman Joseph Viola is a historian of Native Americans who was director of the National Anthropological Archives from 1972-1989 and founding editor of Prologue: The Journal of the National Archives. In 1973, he launched the American Indian Cultural Resources Training Program, designed to encourage Native Americans to become professional archivists, librarians, curators, and historians through research and internships at the NAA.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 74-17
Location of Other Archival Materials:
The National Anthropological Archives holds Viola's papers from 1980-1981.
Records relating to the American Indian Cultural Resources Training Program can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in the Records of the National Anthropological Archives.
Indians of North America -- Southern states Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo lot 74-17, Herman J. Viola photograph collection relate to Star Hawk Pow Wow, American Indian Cultural Resources Training Program, and acquisition trips for NAA, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Photographs of sketches and paintings made by Paul Kane in 1845-1856, including portraits and scenes of camps, dances, and a buffalo hunt, relating to the Ojibwa, Ottawa, Menominee, Potawatomi, Eastern Sioux, Cree, Assiniboine, Chinook, Cowlitz, Clallam, Cowichan and Babine. The sketchbook, of which the microfilm may be incomplete, includes many of the same subjects as the paintings, as well as artifacts, scenic views and scenes from Kane's studies in Europe. The collection also includes a photostat of the catalog published in Kane's "Wanderings of an Artist..." and a typed list of the captions for the sketches.
Biographical/Historical note:
Paul Kane (1810-1871) was born in Ireland and emigrated to Toronto (then called York) when he was nine. He worked as a decorative furniture painter before turning to portrait painting and studying art at centers throughout Europe. Inspired by George Catlin's paintings documenting the Plains Indians, Kane set out on an expedition from Fort William (Thunder Bay) to Fort Vancouver to document the peoples of the Northwest. From 1845-1848, Kane traveled amongst tribes of the Great Plains, Pacific Northwest, and elsewhere, sketching and describing his experiences in a journal. When Kane returned to Toronto, he published "Wanderings of an artist among the Indians of North America" (1859) and made over 100 paintings based on his journal sketches, commissioned by George William Allen. The entire Allen collection was later purchased by Sir Edmund Osler and donated to the Royal Ontario Museum in Toronto.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 4428, NAA Photo Lot 4427
Reproduction Note:
Copy prints and microfilm made by the Royal Ontario Museum of Archaeology.
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Photographs previously filed in Photo Lot 4427, have been relocated and merged with Photo Lot 4428. These are photographs of paintings by Kane in the Royal Ontario Museum and were donated with the photographs of sketches already filed in this collection.
Additional photographs of paintings by Kane held in National Anthropological Archives MS 4642 and the BAE historical negatives.
Contained in:
Numbered manuscripts 1850s-1980s (some earlier)
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
Restrictions: Publication rights granted to Bureau of American Ethnology or Smithsonian Institution staff members for use of small selections of the material; collection not to be published in its entirety. Royal Ontario Museum wishes to be informed when and where illustrations are used. Persons outside the Smithsonian Institution must obtain publication permission as well as photographic prints from the Royal Ontario Museum; the Smithsonian may not make copy negatives for the general distribution of prints.
Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Field notes
Vocabulary
Date:
1942
Scope and Contents:
This subseries of the Alaska/Northwest Coast series contains Harrington's research on Chimakum, Clallam, Makah, and Quileute. The bulk of the notes consist of a comparative vocabulary for the four languages. A minimal number of equivalences in Quinault and Snohomish also appear. Other kinds of vocabulary were recorded, but the emphasis was placed on obtaining placenames. There are also notes containing observations by Harrington on the phonetics of the languages, as well as charts of morphemes he devised for Clallam, Makah, and Quileute. These are supplemented by notes on the relationships of the languages and on Edward Sapir and Morris Swadesh's (1939) Nootka Texts. In addition, Harrington collected biographical data on those he worked with in the field and James G. Swan. Swan was a collaborator for the Smithsonian Institution and a collector for the United States National Museum who lived at Shoalwater Bay and Port Townsend. Of ethnographic interest are comments on excerpts from T. T. Waterman's (1920) "The Whaling Equipment of the Makah Indians." A flood legend, historical figures, and events of significance to Washington tribes are mentioned. Other materials in these files include a miscellany of notes Harrington made to himself during his work in northwestern Washington and annotated extracts from Manuel J. Andrade's (1931) "Quileute Texts" and E. S. Curtis' (1911, 1913) The North American Indian.
Biographical / Historical:
John P. Harrington conducted fieldwork in April 1942 in Clallam, Jefferson, and Kitsap Counties in northwestern Washington. His main linguistic sources were Louise Adams Butler Webster Buttner (Louise, Lou.); her daughter-in-law, Emily Webster (Emily, Eml., or rarely Em.); Louise's grandson, Cy Webster (Cy); Joe Sly (Sly); and Mrs. Washington Howeattle.
Louise Buttner, a long-time resident of the Little Boston Reservation near Port Gamble, spoke Chimakum, Clallam, some Makah, and Chinook jargon. She and her brother, George Adams, were probably the same people Boas worked with to elicit Chimakum in 1890.
Emily Webster was married to Louise's son, James Webster, Jr. Her native language was Clallam, but she also spoke Chimakum and Makah.
Cy was the son of James Webster, Jr., although it is not clear if Emily was his mother. His grandmother, Louise, raised him and is probably the main source of his knowledge of Chimakum. In addition to this language, he spoke Clallam and had some knowledge of Makah and Quileute.
Joe Sly was the son of a Clallam father and a Makah mother. In 1942 he lived at Neah Bay and was ninety years old. Another speaker of Makah was Mrs. Washington Howeattle of Tahola. She also knew Quileute.
Emma Luscier (Em.) was the main source of Lower Chehalis data, she also commented on the more northerly Salishan languages. Her first husband was a Quileute, from whom she probably gained her knowledge of Quinault and possibly Quileute.
John Peabody Harrington papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
The preferred citation for the Harrington Papers will reference the actual location within the collection, i.e. Box 172, Alaska/Northwest Coast, Papers of John Peabody Harrington, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.
However, as the NAA understands the need to cite phrases or vocabulary on specific pages, a citation referencing the microfilmed papers is acceptable. Please note that the page numbering of the PDF version of the Harrington microfilm does not directly correlate to the analog microfilm frame numbers. If it is necessary to cite the microfilmed papers, please refer to the specific page number of the PDF version, as in: Papers of John Peabody Harrington, Microfilm: MF 7, R34 page 42.
This subseries of the Notes and writings on special linguistic studies series contains material that supplement Harrington's Alaska and Northwest Coast field notes.
The Aleut file includes several pages of "Aleutian Storilets," a rough draft of an introduction to a grammar, six pages of information on Waldemar Jochelson, an annotated bibliography, and other miscellaneous notes. His Tlingit/Eyak files contain five pages of placename vocabulary from Mrs. Willie Loftus and Mrs. Frank Booth. Additional material relating to Tlingit consists of five pages of heading sheets and notes referring to Harrington's "Salmon Write-up" and a rough sketch and printer's proof of the diagram used on page 3 of his article "Phonematic Daylight in Lhiinkit, Navajo of the North" which was published in the Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences in 1945. Duwamish material consists of "Sounds of the Duwamish Language" presented in a large chart. Chimakum data from Louise Buttner and Clallam data from Emily Webster are included in three pages of miscellaneous notes. The Alea/Suislaw/Coos section contains two pages of notes on travels from Marshfield. Southwest Oregon Athapascan contains a mixture of linguistic and nonlinguistic data from Mark Collson, Coquille Thompson, Larry Frank Fogarty, and Johnny. Harrington's miscellany on Alaska/Northwest Coast consist of a few bibliographic, biographical, linguistic, and ethnographic notes. They mention tribes or languages in Alaska, Washington, or Oregon. The file of Harrington's writings on the Northwest Coast begins with material which was missing from his notes and drafts for the paper "Southern Peripheral Athapaskawan Origins, Divisions, and Migrations." There are a dozen pages under the heading "Nav[ajo] expansion," the last two pages of which are in the hand of Robert W. Young. The file continues with notes to the compositor and lists of corrections to be made to proofs of the article "Pacific Coast Athapascan Discovered to Be Chilcotin" which appeared in the Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences in 1943. Among the materials which Harrington collected from others are twenty pages in the hand of John Paul Marr who acted as his field assistant in the 1940s. Marr's papers include notes on possible informants on Chinook jargon at Tahola, Washington; a copy of a Chinook word list from Chinook, A History and Dictionary of the Northwest Coast Trade Jargon by Edward H. Thomas; and questionnaires labeled "Words for Indian Use."
Local Numbers:
Accession #1976-95
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Topic:
Language and languages -- Documentation Search this
John Peabody Harrington papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
The preferred citation for the Harrington Papers will reference the actual location within the collection, i.e. Box 172, Alaska/Northwest Coast, Papers of John Peabody Harrington, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.
However, as the NAA understands the need to cite phrases or vocabulary on specific pages, a citation referencing the microfilmed papers is acceptable. Please note that the page numbering of the PDF version of the Harrington microfilm does not directly correlate to the analog microfilm frame numbers. If it is necessary to cite the microfilmed papers, please refer to the specific page number of the PDF version, as in: Papers of John Peabody Harrington, Microfilm: MF 7, R34 page 42.
Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Date:
1852
Scope and Contents:
Left: Whe-olitza, or Isabelle Newton. Right (holding baby): Hee-an-a'thly, or Mrs Oscar Olney. Studio pose. Print submitted is on the mount of Fulton & McMurry (photographers), Port Townsend.
Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Place:
Washington -- Port Gamble Indian School
Date:
1894
Scope and Contents:
Left to right (information from back of print): Eliza Tom [sic.?], Louise John, Julia Seatskin, Eliza Tom, [sic.?] Peter John, ---, ---, J. H. Bratley (teacher), Wilson Jackson, Willie Henry, Willie --, ---, Alice Soloman, ---, ---, ---. Front row: ---, ---, Phillip Howell, ---, -- Webster, Daisy Jack.
Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Place:
Washington -- Jamestown
Date:
1925
Scope and Contents:
Back row, left to right: (1) Sam Elmer (2) Tommy Low (3) Wilson Johnson (4) Billie Hall (5) Peter Jackson (6) Ernest Samson (7) Johnson Williams. Center row, left to right: (1) Dave Prince (2) Supt. Dickison [Dickinson ?] (3) Sammy Charles (4) Benny George. Front row, left to right: (1) Joseph Allen (2) Charley Hopi (3) Wife of Supt. (4) Daughter of Supt. (5) Sam Pysht (from Port Angeles) (6) Joe Anderson
"Mr Scovell says this [which ?] is Allan Chinoose; can tell some more on photo later (see my notes)" -- note by Mrs Tuthill, 4/12/66 on question sheet for Number 55721. "Mr Scovell just...can't recall...which one is Joe Duncan... After all he's close to eighty years old." -- Tuthill letter, December19, 1967.
Biographical / Historical:
Date: Not recorded; ca. 1890-1900 ?
Local Numbers:
OPPS NEG.55721
Local Note:
Copy (2/66) from photograph lent by Mr and Mrs Harry Scovell, Garibaldi, Oregon, through Mrs George Tuthill, Tillamook, Oregon, December, 1965 (N. M. Correspondence Number 264,284.)
"Billy was mixed Clatsop & Tillamook & French Canadian. Taken in 1912 when Harry Scovell worked there at Quinault.".
Local Numbers:
OPPS NEG.55732
Local Note:
Copy (2/66) from photograph lent by Mr and Mrs Harry Scovell, Garibaldi, Oregon, through Mrs George Tuthill, Tillamook, Oregon, December, 1965 (N. M. Correspondence Number 264,284.)
Back row, left to right: (1) Emma Adams, (2) Jane Adams, (3) Nora Adams (Goff), daughter of Jane Adams, (4) Rosie Bob Marshall, maternal cousin, so Clatsop Indian. Front row: (1) Lizzie Adams, holding Mabel Adams (Burns), aged 2, daughter of Jane Adams, sister of Nora Adams (Goff) above; (2) (little girl standing) Minnie Adams, daughter of Emma Adams, the present Mrs Harry Scovell (source of photos); (3) Grace Swahaw, maternal cousin, so Clatsop Indian; (4) Edward Marshall, (standing in front of his mother).
Biographical / Historical:
Ilga Adams and his wife, Maggie Adams, (a Clatsop, born present Cannon Beach, raised in a convent in Yamhill, as her parents were killed) had three daughters: Emma Adams. Oldest. Born Kilchis Point. Died 1942. Had 2 children: Minnie Adams Scovell, Josephine Larson. Jane Adams. Next oldest. Had 2 daughters: Mabel Adams Burns, Nora Adams Goff. Lizzie Adams. Youngest. Died at Garibaldi, 1933 during the Tillamook Burn. Had 1 child, died in infancy. From letters of Mrs Tuthill, February 14 nd April 12, 1966.
Local Numbers:
OPPS NEG.55733
Local Note:
Copy (2/66) from photograph lent by Mr and Mrs Harry Scovell, Garibaldi, Oregon, through Mrs George Tuthill, Tillamook, Oregon, December, 1965 (N. M. Correspondence Number 264,284.)
