Search Results

Creator:

Taylor, James E., 1839-1901 (artist and collector)  Search this

Names:

Geological Survey (U.S.)  Search this

United States. Army  Search this

Buffalo Bill, 1846-1917  Search this

Crook, George, 1829-1890  Search this

Custer, George Armstrong, 1839-1876  Search this

Hickok, Wild Bill, 1837-1876  Search this

Juárez, Benito, 1806-1872  Search this

Kinman, Seth  Search this

Miles, Nelson Appleton, 1839-1925  Search this

Powell, John Wesley, 1834-1902  Search this

Red Cloud, 1822-1909  Search this

Richard, Louis  Search this

Sheridan, Philip Henry, 1831-1888  Search this

Sitting Bull, 1831-1890  Search this

Spotted Tail, 1823-1881  Search this

Photographer:

Barry, D. F. (David Francis), 1854-1934  Search this

Easterly, Thomas M. (Thomas Martin), 1809-1882  Search this

Eaton, E. L. (Edric L.), b. ca. 1836  Search this

Ebell, Adrian J. (Adrian John), 1840-1877  Search this

Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882  Search this

Hillers, John K., 1843-1925  Search this

Jackson, William Henry, 1843-1942  Search this

M'Clees, Jas. E. (James E.)  Search this

O'Sullivan, Timothy H., 1840-1882  Search this

Pywell, Wm. R. (William Redish), 1843-1886  Search this

Vannerson, Julian, 1827-  Search this

Whitney, Joel E. (Joel Emmons), 1822-1886  Search this

Extent:

4 Tintypes

3 Chromolithographs

3 Lithographs (3 chalk-manner lithographs)

1 Print (photogravure)

118 Pages (Scrapbook)

685 Prints (circa, albumen)

80 Items (circa 80 relief prints (including woodcuts and wood engraving))

30 Items (circa 30 intaglio prints (including etchings and engravings))

Culture:

Apache  Search this

Pueblo  Search this

Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this

Cherokee  Search this

Niuam (Comanche)  Search this

Muskogee (Creek)  Search this

Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke)  Search this

Fox  Search this

A'aninin (Gros Ventre)  Search this

Kiowa  Search this

Modoc  Search this

Diné (Navajo)  Search this

Oglala Lakota (Oglala Sioux)  Search this

Anishinaabe (Chippewa/Ojibwa)  Search this

Omaha  Search this

Chaticks Si Chaticks (Pawnee)  Search this

Potawatomi  Search this

Indians of North America -- Plateau  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Basin  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southwest, New  Search this

Ho-Chunk (Winnebago)  Search this

A:shiwi (Zuni)  Search this

Sauk  Search this

Shoshone  Search this

Ute  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southern States  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northeast  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Tintypes

Chromolithographs

Lithographs

Prints

Pages

Photographs

Newspapers

Woodcuts

Place:

Mexico

Taos Pueblo (N.M.)

California

Oregon

Fort Davis (Tex.)

New Mexico

Fort Snelling (Minn.)

Arizona

Texas

San Juan Pueblo (N.M.)

Zuni (N.M.)

Kansas

Colorado

Date:

circa 1863-1900

Summary:

Scrapbook entitled "Our Wild Indians in Peace and War: Surveys, Expeditions, Mining and Scenery of the Great West," compiled by James E. Taylor, possibly as a source for his own illustrations.

Scope and Contents:

Scrapbook entitled "Our Wild Indians in Peace and War: Surveys, Expeditions, Mining and Scenery of the Great West," compiled by James E. Taylor, possibly as a source for his own illustrations. The album includes photographs (mostly albumen with three tintypes), newsclippings, wood engravings, and lithographs, some of which are reproductions of Taylor's own illustrations and paintings. Photographs depict American Indians, US Army soldiers and scouts, historical sites, forts, and scenery. Some were made on expeditions, including the Hayden and Powell surveys, and created from published stereographs. Many of Taylor's illustrations are signed, and some are inscribed with dates and "N. Y." The scrapbook also includes clippings from newspapers and other written sources relating to illustrations and photographs in the album.

Biographical Note:

James E. Taylor (1839-1901) was an artist-correspondent for Leslie's Illustrated Weekly Newspaper from 1863-1883. Born in Cincinatti, Ohio, he graduated from Notre Dame University by the age of sixteen. Taylor enlisted in the 10th New York Infantry in 1861 and the next year was hired by Leslie's Illustrated newspaper as a "Special Artist" and war correspondent. In 1864 he covered the Shenandoah Valley campaign, and was later one of the illustrator-correspondents at the 1867 treaty negotiations at Medicine Lodge, Kansas. He soon earned the moniker "Indian Artist" because of his vast number of drawings of American Indians. In 1883 Taylor retired from Leslie's to work as a freelance illustrator. Colonel Richard Irving Dodge used Taylor's drawings to illustrate his memoir, "Our Wild Indians: Thirty-three Years' Personal Experience among the Red Men of the Great West" (1882).

Local Call Number(s):

NAA Photo Lot 4605

Related Materials:

The National Anthropolgical Archives holds additional photographs by photographers represented in this collection (including original negatives for some of these prints), particularly in Photo Lot 24, Photo Lot 37, Photo Lot 60, Photo Lot 87.

Additional photographs by Whitney, Gardner, and Barry held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 80-18.

Julian Vannerson and James E. McClees photographs held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 4286.

Pywell photographs held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 4498.

O'Sullivan photographs held in National Anthropological Archives Photo lot 4501.

Additional Hillers photographs held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 83-18 and Photo Lot 87-2N.

Provenance:

Donated or transferred by John Witthoft from the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, April 14, 1961.

Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Topic:

Church buildings  Search this

Mines and mineral resources  Search this

Dance  Search this

White River Massacre, Colo., 1879  Search this

Painting  Search this

Washita Campaign, 1868-1869  Search this

Mormon Church -- History  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Newspapers

Woodcuts

Tintypes

Citation:

MS 4605, James E. Taylor scrapbook of the American West, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.MS4605

See more items in:

James E. Taylor scrapbook of the American West

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw33fa281bf-1e72-4f26-ae86-8c8389244b4e

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-ms4605

Collector:

Taylor, James E. (Artist)  Search this

Collection Creator:

Taylor, James E., 1839-1901 (artist and collector)  Search this

Extent:

1 Photographic print (011 in x 013 in mounted on 014 in x 018 in)

Container:

Volume 1, Page 116

Culture:

Kiowa  Search this

Apache  Search this

Niuam (Comanche)  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southwest, New  Search this

Type:

Archival materials

Photographic prints

Photographs

Date:

1881

Local Numbers:

NAA INV.01605704

NAA MS.MS 4605

OPPS NEG.56453

Local Note:

Black and white Photoprint on Paper Mount in Album

Collection Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Collection Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Collection Citation:

MS 4605, James E. Taylor scrapbook of the American West, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

See more items in:

James E. Taylor scrapbook of the American West

James E. Taylor scrapbook of the American West / Page 116

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw392cd5b33-d468-43cc-b16e-6fec033b47e9

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-naa-ms4605-ref1376

Collector:

Taylor, James E. (Artist)  Search this

Collection Creator:

Taylor, James E., 1839-1901 (artist and collector)  Search this

Extent:

1 Photographic print (004 in x 005 in mounted on 014 in x 018 in)

Container:

Volume 1, Page 92

Culture:

Kiowa  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this

Type:

Archival materials

Photographic prints

Photographs

Date:

undated

Local Numbers:

NAA INV.01604510

NAA MS.MS 4605

OPPS NEG.56569

Local Note:

Black and white Photoprint on Paper Mount in Album

Collection Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Collection Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Collection Citation:

MS 4605, James E. Taylor scrapbook of the American West, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

See more items in:

James E. Taylor scrapbook of the American West

James E. Taylor scrapbook of the American West / Page 92

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw34a799e39-80d3-419b-b010-6a806b9dbd5f

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-naa-ms4605-ref1274

Creator:

Smithsonian American Art Museum  Search this

Type:

Conversations and talks

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2020-10-01T17:00:10.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Art, American  Search this

See more by:

americanartmuseum

Data Source:

Smithsonian American Art Museum

YouTube Channel:

americanartmuseum

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_D2drTA_6u6Q

Creator:

National Museum of the American Indian  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2016-03-07T15:05:56.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Native Americans;American Indians  Search this

See more by:

SmithsonianNMAI

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

YouTube Channel:

SmithsonianNMAI

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_A8Ar1xBXCZA

Creator:

National Museum of the American Indian  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2016-01-13T19:15:27.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Native Americans;American Indians  Search this

See more by:

SmithsonianNMAI

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

YouTube Channel:

SmithsonianNMAI

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_Oo3cBxKyzbA

Creator:

National Museum of the American Indian  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2016-01-13T19:14:24.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Native Americans;American Indians  Search this

See more by:

SmithsonianNMAI

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

YouTube Channel:

SmithsonianNMAI

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_Q1F3xlTE_gg

Creator:

National Museum of the American Indian  Search this

Type:

Conversations and talks

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2020-12-01T16:33:56.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Native Americans;American Indians  Search this

See more by:

SmithsonianNMAI

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

YouTube Channel:

SmithsonianNMAI

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_hN4z5MJ6C3M

Creator:

National Museum of the American Indian  Search this

Type:

Lectures

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2020-09-23T17:49:16.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Native Americans;American Indians  Search this

See more by:

SmithsonianNMAI

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

YouTube Channel:

SmithsonianNMAI

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_t8gYPFC3LAY

Creator:

Smithsonian Education  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2010-06-22T15:57:43.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Education  Search this

See more by:

SmithsonianEducation

Data Source:

Smithsonian Education

YouTube Channel:

SmithsonianEducation

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_2G6E7VLnwfE

Creator:

Smithsonian Education  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2010-06-22T16:32:49.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Education  Search this

See more by:

SmithsonianEducation

Data Source:

Smithsonian Education

YouTube Channel:

SmithsonianEducation

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_6l2yHXzDUxY

Creator:

Smithsonian Institution  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2008-05-23T19:48:41.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

See more by:

SmithsonianVideos

Data Source:

Smithsonian Institution

YouTube Channel:

SmithsonianVideos

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_ypr3x8uBFgA

Creator:

Gardner, Alexander  Search this

Collector:

Taylor, James E. (Artist)  Search this

Collection Creator:

Taylor, James E., 1839-1901 (artist and collector)  Search this

Extent:

1 Photographic print (005 in x 006 in mounted on 014 in x 018 in)

Container:

Volume 1, Page 89

Culture:

Kiowa  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this

Type:

Archival materials

Photographic prints

Photographs

Date:

1872

Local Numbers:

NAA INV.01604406

NAA MS.MS 4605

OPPS NEG.1382A1

Local Note:

Jackson Catalog #402

Black and white Photoprint on Paper Mount in Album

Place:

Washington, Dc

Collection Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Collection Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Collection Citation:

MS 4605, James E. Taylor scrapbook of the American West, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

See more items in:

James E. Taylor scrapbook of the American West

James E. Taylor scrapbook of the American West / Page 89

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw37b2423b9-ded8-4cbe-a4dd-bd35968c9958

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-naa-ms4605-ref1263

Creator:

Churchill, Frank C. (Frank Carroll), 1850-1912  Search this

Churchill, Clara G.  Search this

Names:

United States. Bureau of Indian Affairs  Search this

United States. Department of the Interior  Search this

Extent:

3,710 Photographic prints (29 photograph albums)

3 Linear feet

1430 Negatives (photographic) (acetate)

325 Lantern slides (colored)

Culture:

Oklahoma Cherokee  Search this

Oklahoma Muskogee (Creek)  Search this

Osage  Search this

A:shiwi (Zuni)  Search this

Indians of North America  Search this

Sioux [Crow Creek]  Search this

Ponca  Search this

Chaticks Si Chaticks (Pawnee)  Search this

Oklahoma Seminole  Search this

Quapaw  Search this

Miami [Oklahoma]  Search this

Wyandotte [Oklahoma]  Search this

Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this

Ho-Chunk (Winnebago)  Search this

Eastern Shawnee [Quapaw Agency, Oklahoma]  Search this

Chaticks Si Chaticks (Pawnee)  Search this

Oto  Search this

Sioux [Crow Creek]  Search this

Chickasaw  Search this

Modoc  Search this

Kiowa  Search this

Kaw (Kansa)  Search this

Diné (Navajo)  Search this

Acoma Pueblo  Search this

Akimel O'odham (Pima)  Search this

Cahuilla  Search this

Chemehuevi  Search this

Cochiti Pueblo  Search this

Hopi Pueblo  Search this

Isleta Pueblo  Search this

K'apovi (Santa Clara Pueblo)  Search this

Kumeyaay (Diegueño)  Search this

Laguna Pueblo  Search this

Payómkawichum (Luiseño)  Search this

Mescalero Apache  Search this

Mojave (Mohave)  Search this

Ohkay Owingeh (San Juan Pueblo)  Search this

Picuris Pueblo  Search this

Piipaash (Maricopa)  Search this

Puye Pueblo  Search this

Quechan (Yuma/Cuchan)  Search this

San Carlos Apache  Search this

Taos Pueblo  Search this

Tohono O'odham (Papago)  Search this

Minnesota Chippewa  Search this

Lake Superior Chippewa  Search this

Potawatomi  Search this

Menominee (Menomini)  Search this

Pechanga Band Luiseño  Search this

Rincon Band Luiseño  Search this

Santa Ysabel (Santa Isabela) Diegueño  Search this

Pala Band Luiseño (Agua Caliente)  Search this

Yuit (Siberian Yup'ik)  Search this

Inupiaq (Alaskan Inupiat Eskimo)  Search this

Bering Strait Inupiaq  Search this

Alutiiq (Pacific Eskimo)  Search this

Tlingit  Search this

Eastern Band of Cherokee  Search this

Pikuni Blackfeet (Piegan)  Search this

Wahpetonwan Dakota (Wahpeton Sioux)  Search this

Seminole  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Photographic prints

Negatives (photographic)

Lantern slides

Photographs

Photograph albums

Place:

Utah

Alaska

Oklahoma

Washington

Florida

Montana

Arizona

Arkansas

Missouri

North Carolina

Minnesota

New Mexico

California

Date:

1880-1928

bulk 1899-1909

Summary:

The Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection includes photographic negatives, photo albums, lantern slides, journals, scrapbooks and other documents created and compiled by the Churchills over the course of Frank's career as a special agent and Indian Inspector for the Department of the Interior between 1899 and 1909. Initially assigned as a revenue collector to the Cherokee Nation and later as an Indian Inspector reviewing boarding schools, Frank's assignments took him all over the United States including Indian Territory (present day Oklahoma), Missouri, Texas, Nebraska, Kansas, South Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, California, Florida, North Carolina and Alaska. During this time the Churchills visited over 80 different Native communities shooting photographs and taking notes.

Scope and Contents:

The Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection includes 1430 photographic negatives, 29 photo albums containing 3710 photographic prints, 325 lantern slides, and 3 linear feet of journals, scrapbooks, and other documents created and compiled by the Churchills over the course of Frank's career as a special agent and Indian Inspector for the Department of the Interior between 1899 and 1909.

Series 1: Photographs in Indian Territory (Oklahoma): Muskogee, Tahlequah, Sulphur Springs and Other Assignments, 1899-1903, includes 11 photo albums and 357 negatives from Frank Churchill's original assignment as revenue collector to the Cherokee Nation. Locations include Indian Territory (Oklahoma) [bulk], Kansas, Nebraska, Iowa, South Dakota, Arkansas, and Missouri. The Native communities visited and photographed in this series include— Oklahoma Cherokee, Oklahoma Muskogee (Creek), Quapaw, Osage, Miami, Wyandotte [Oklahoma], Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne), Winnebago [Nebraska], Eastern Shawnee [Quapaw Agency, Oklahoma], Ponca, Chaticks Si Chaticks (Pawnee), Oto, Sioux [Crow Creek], Kaw (Kansa), Chickasaw, Modoc, Kiowa, Choctaw.

Series 2: Photographs in the Southwest and Midwest: Arizona, New Mexico, Califonia, Minnesota and Wisconsin, 1903-1907, includes 9 photo albums and 832 negatives from Frank Churchill's assignment as an Indian Inspector. Because the Churchills visited some of the same locations on multiple occasions, it has been hard to date some of the negatives. For that reason, all the negatives made in the Southwest have been included in this series, though there are two photo albums with Southwest photographs included in Series 4. Locations in this series includes Arizona, New Mexico, California, Minnesota and Wisconsin. The Native Communities visited and photographed in this series include—A:shiwi (Zuni), Diné (Navajo), Acoma Pueblo, Akimel O'odham (Pima), Cahuilla, Chemehuevi, Cochiti Pueblo, Hopi Pueblo, Isleta Pueblo, K'apovi (Santa Clara Pueblo), Kumeyaay (Diegueño), Laguna Pueblo, Luiseño (Luiseno), Mescalero Apache, Mojave (Mohave), Ohkay Owingeh (San Juan Pueblo), Picuris Pueblo, Piipaash (Maricopa), Puye Pueblo, Quechan (Yuma/Cuchan), San Carlos Apache, Taos Pueblo, Tohono O'odham (Papago).

Series 3: Photographs in Alaska and Oregon, 1905-1910 (bulk 1905), includes four photograph albums and 71 negatives from Frank Churchill's appointment as special agent, by President Roosevelt, to investigate the condition of the school & reindeer service and other affairs in Alaska in the summer and fall of 1905. Two of the albums were not made by the Churchills. The first of these (Box 20) includes photographs by William Hamilton and the second (Box 21) includes photographs by W. T. Lopp. Locations in Alaska include St. Lawrence Island, Nuwukmiut/Point Barrow, Teller, Diomedes Islands, Nome, Kotzebue, Wrangell, Port Clarence Bay, Unalaska Island and Baranof Island. There are a number of photographs aboard the U.S. Cutter "Bear" and aboard the mailboat "Georgia." Native communities photographed include—Yuit (Siberian Yup'ik), Inupiaq (Alaskan Inupiat Eskimo), Bering Strait Inupiaq [Diomedes], Alutiiq (Pacific Eskimo), Tlingit.

Series 4: Photographs in Arizona, Utah, North Carolina, Montana, North Dakota, Florida and Miscellaneous, 1907-1909, includes five photograph albums and 163 negatives from Frank Churchill's assignment at Indian Inspector. Because the Churchills visited some of the same locations in the Southwest (Arizona and Utah) on multiple occasions, it has been hard to date some of the negatives. For that reason, all the negatives made in the Southwest have been included in Series 3. Locations include Arizona, Utah, North Carolina, Montana, North Dakota and Florida. Native communities visited and photographed include-Diné (Navajo), Hopi Pueblo, Kaibab Paiute, Quechan (Yuma/Cuchan), Eastern Band of Cherokee, Pikuni Blackfeet (Piegan), Wahpetonwan Dakota [Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux Tribe], Turtle Mountain Chippewa, Seminole. There is restricted material in Box 23 (Album P23380).

Series 5: Non-Native Photographs: Colorado Vacation, Lebanon, New Hampshire, and other Materials, 1898-1913, includes four photograph albums from vacations and other visits made by the Churchills unrelated to Frank's activities as Indian Inspector.

Series 6: Manuscripts: Journals, Documents and Scrapbooks, 1880-1928 (bulk 1899-1909), includes three linear feet of materials arranged in three subseries. Subseries 6.1, Clara Churchill, includes 16 journals, 12 scrapbooks and various other manuscript materials written and accumulated by Clara Churchill during their travels. Many of the journals include personal writings as well as several photographs that are duplicated in the photograph albums. The journals and scrapbooks encompass the full range of the Churchills' travels and include notes from Indian Territory, Southwest, Midwest, Southeast, Plains and Alaska. Subseries 6.2, Colonel Frank C. Churchill, includes official documents around Churchill's assignments as well as the reports Frank submitted back to the Secretary of the Interior (Box 41 and 42). Subseries 6.3, Churchill Museum and Miscellaneous, includes catalogs and other notes related to the large collection of Native American objects amassed by Frank and Clara. Clara also collected other items such as shells, minerals, and sand.

Series 7: Lantern Slides for Lectures, 1899-1909, includes 325 hand colored glass lantern slides. These were made by the Churchills from existing negatives and used for lectures. Lantern slides #1-#121 include views photographed in Alaska in 1905. Sldes #122-#325 include an assortment of views from Oklahoma (Indian Territory), Nebraska, Montana, Minnesota, California, Arizona and New Mexico photographed between 1900 and 1909.

Arrangement:

The Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection has been arranged in seven series by material type and then chronologically. The first five series are then divided into subseries by "Photo Albums" and "Negatives." These include--Series 1: Photographs in Indian Territory (Oklahoma): Muskogee, Tahlequah, Sulphur Springs and Other Assignments, 1899-1903; Series 2: Photographs in the Southwest and Midwest: Arizona, New Mexico, California, Minnesota and Wisconsin, 1907-1907; Series 3: Photographs in Alaska and Oregon, 1905-1910 (bulk 1905-1905); Series 4: Photographs in Arizona, Utah, North Carolina, Montana, North Dakota, Florida and Miscellaneous, 1907-1909; Series 5: Non-Native Photographs: Colorado Vaction, Lebanon, New Hampshire, and other Materials.

Series 6: Manuscripts: Journals, Documents and Scrapbooks, 1880-1928, is arranged in three subseries. Subseries 6.1: Clara G. Churchill, Subseries 6.2: Frank C. Churchill, and Subseries 6.3: Churchill Museum and Miscellaneous. Series 7: Lantern Slides for Lectures, 1899-1909, is arranged in orginal number order from the Hood Museum at Dartmouth College.

Biographical / Historical:

Frank Carroll Churchill was born August 2, 1850 to Benjamin P. Churchill and Susanna Thompson in West Fairlee, Vermont. Frank was educated at Thetford Academy in Thetford, VT and worked as a clerk for D.C. Churchill & Co. in Lyme, NH between 1869-1870. Between 1870 and 1877, Churchill was employed by H.W. Carter as a wholesale merchant in Lebanon, New Hampshire. During this time, Churchill met Clara Corser Turner and they were married on June 11, 1874.

Clara G. (Turner) Churchill was born December 16, 1851, to Colonel Francis H. Corser and Sarah Hook (Perkins) Corser. Colonel Corser and his wife died young, and Clara was adopted by George and Abby H. Turner of Concord, New Hampshire. In 1877, in association with William S. Carter, Frank Churchill opened the business "Carter & Churchill" which was in this business for 21 years. Churchill held various political offices from 1879-91. He served as chairman of the Republican town committee of Lebanon and of the Republican State committee in 1890 and 1891. He served on the staff of Governor Natt Head in 1879 and 1880, with the rank of Colonel. He was chairman of the New Hampshire delegation at the Republican National Convention which nominated President Harrison and represented the Fourth District in the Executive Council in 1889-1890 during the administration of Governor David. H. Goodell.

In 1899 Frank was appointed revenue inspector for the Cherokee Nation in Indian Territory and was later appointed a special agent for the Interior Department to formulate a system of public schools in Indian Territory (Oklahoma) and across the Southwest. In 1905, he was appointed special agent, by President Roosevelt, to investigate the condition of the school & reindeer service and other affairs in Alaska and was reappointed Indian Inspector between 1905-1909. In 1909, Churchill resigned due to failing health and died November 5, 1912. Clara accompanied Frank on all his travels between 1899 and 1909 (see below chronology for full details) maintaining journals and writing articles for publication in "WHAT." Clara was also a painter, producing watercolors and hand-painting many of the photographs she and Frank made on their travels. Following Frank's death, Clara maintained their collection of Native artifacts and photographs in their home in Lebanon, New Hampshire. Clara died April 16, 1945, bequeathing the full collection to Dartmouth College.

Frank Churchill's assignments as Special agent and Indian Inspector from 1899-1909 took him all over the United States including Indian Territory (present day Oklahoma), Missouri, Texas, Nebraska, Kansas, South Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, New Mexico, Arizona, Utah, California, Florida, North Carolina and Alaska. During this time the Churchills visited over 80 different Native communities. For more details, see the chronology below.

Travels in Indian Territory (Oklahoma) and other assignments, 1899-1903

1899, June 29 -- Churchills arrive in Muskogee, Indian Territory (Oklahoma).

1899, July-October -- Visit to Fort Gibson, Tahlequah, Sallisaw, and Vinita (Indian Territory/Oklahoma). Visit to Noel and South west City, Missouri. Visit to Chelsea and Coffeyville, Kansas. Visit to Fort Smith, Arkansas.

1899, November -- Visit Tahlequah while the Cherokee Nation legislature was in session.

1899, December -- Travel in Colorado.

1900, March -- Return to Muskogee and Fort Gibson.

1900, Sept 17-Oct 5 -- Dawes Commission in Vinita.

1901, Mar-Apr 3 -- Visit to the Quapaw Agency, Wyandotte Reservation and school, Modoc reservation and the town of Miami.

1901, April -- Visit to Denison, Texas. Visit to Checotah, Eufaula, South McAlester (Choctaw nation).

1901, Summer -- Visit to Pawhuska, Osage Nation.

1901, October -- Visit to Tishomingo, seat of government of the Chickasaws.

1902, January -- Trip to the Chickasaw Nation Visit to Anadarko, Indian Agency of the Kiowa, Comanche and Apache, Fort Sill, Wichita Mountains, and Lawton.

1902, May -- Frank is dispatched to Sioux City, Iowa.

1902, May-June -- Visit to Winnebago Agency, Omaha Agency, Santee Agency.

1902, July -- Visit to St. Paul, Minnesota and Eau Claire, Wisconsin, (Chippewa Falls). Frank is sent to Sulphur Springs, Texas, to author a report.

1902, August -- Churchills return to Muskogee, IT.

1902, September-October -- Trip to White Eagle, Ponca Agency for a month. Visit to Otoe school, Pawnee School, Shawnee, Sac and Fox reservations.

1902, November-December -- Visit to Crow Creek Agency.

1903, January -- Return to Sulpher Springs, Texas.

1903, March -- Visit to Pawhuska, Osage Nation.

1903, April -- Visit to Colorado.

1903, May-October -- Visit to 23 towns in Oklahoma (IT) with the Secretary of the Interior.

Travels in New Mexico, Arizona and California, 1903-1905

1903, November -- Frank receives orders to proceed to Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico.

1903, December 9 -- Visit to Zuni, followed by Canyon de Chelly, Hubbell's Ranch, Keams Canyon.

1903, December 21 -- Visit to Hopi Pueblo. Walpi, Polacca Day School, Oraibi, Shumopavi (Shungopavi/Songoopavi), Shipaulovi (Supawlavi) and Mishongnovi (Musungnuvi).

1903, December 28 -- Visit to Fort Defiance.

1904, January -- Travel in New Mexico. Visit to Gallup, Laguna Pueblo, Acomita, Paraje, Acoma, Albuquerque, Isleta Pueblo, Santa Fe, Ohkay Owingeh (San Juan Pueblo), K'apovi (Santa Clara Pueblo).

1904, February -- Visit to Sacaton, Akimel O'odham (Pima) Reservation and Casa Grande ruins in Arizona.

1904, March -- Visit to Lehi Day School, Salt River Day School, Phoenix Indian School, Gila River Crossing Day School and Maricopa Day School, Arizona.

1904, March 10-26 -- Visit to Fort Mojave and Chemehuevi.

1904, March 30-April -- Visit to Riverside, California, Sherman Institute and Perris School. Side trip to Yuma, Arizona.

1905, January-February -- Visit to Sulphur, IT.

1905, March -- Visit to Mescalero Apache Agency, San Carlos Apache Agency, Geronimo Settlement, Rice Station School at Talkalai.

1905, April 10-20 -- Return to Sherman Institute in Riverside, California. Visit to San Jacinto, Perris, Saboba, Cahuilla, San Manuella (Band of Mission Indians), Coachella, Torres Reservation, Martinez Reservation Day School, Cabazon Reservation, Protrero Reservation and Day School.

1905, April 22-May -- Visit to Temecula, Pechanga Day School, Pala Mission, Campo Reservation, Mission of San Luis Rey, Rincon Day School, Mesa Grande School, Santa Ysabel (Diegueno), Volcan Mountain Day School.

Travels in Alaska, 1905

1905, June -- Frank receives an assignment in Alaska.

1905, July -- Board the U.S. Revenue Cutter "Bear" in Nome. Visit to Reindeer Station in Teller, Cape Prince of Wales, Kotzebue Sound, Cape Thompson, Point Hope and Point Barrow.

1905, August -- Visit to Wainwright Inlet, return to Nome. Visit to Anvil Creek, Gologin (Golovin) Bay, St. Lawrence Island, Pribilof Islands (Seal Islands), St. George, Dutch Harbor and Unalaska.

1905, September -- Board the "Dora" anchored near Belkofski, Cold Bay, Karluk, Afgonak, and Kodiak. Stop in Homer, Seldovia and Seward. Visit to Sitka.

1905, September 28 -- Board the steamer "Georgia" to Juneau and Skagway via Hoonah.

1905, October -- Return to Lebanon, NH.

Travels in Arizona, New Mexico, Minnesota, Wisconsin, California and Utah, 1906-1907

1906, March-April -- Re-assigned to Southwest and arrive in Tucson, Arizona. Visit to San Xavier Mission, Tohono O'odham (Papago) reservation, Casa Grande, Sacaton, Maricopa, Gila Crossing, Salt River and Phoenix schools.

1906, May -- Return to New Mexico to visit Gallup and Zuni Day School.

1906, June -- Visit to St, Paul, Minnesota and the White Earth (Ojibwe) reservation and Wild Rice River School in Boliere.

1906, July -- Visit to Ashland, Wisconsin, Lac Courte Oreilles, Hayward, and Lac de Flambeau (La Pointe Agency.

1906, July-September -- Return to Lebanon, New Hampshire.

1906, September -- Visit to Fond du Lac (Winnebago Lake), Wabeno, and Carter, Wisconsin.

1906, October -- Visit to Phlox, Wausau, Minocqua, Star Lake, Bark River and Wausaukee, Wisconsin.

1906, November-December -- Visit to Keshena (Green Bay Indian School), Menominee Reservation and Ashland, Wisconsin.

1906, December-January -- Stay in Washington, DC.

1907, February -- Return to Albuquerque, New Mexico.

1907, March -- Visit to Santa Fe and various Pueblos (Cochiti, Tesuque, San Ildefonso, Ohkay Owingeh [San Juan], Toas and Picuris).

1907, April -- Return to Albuquerque, visit to Pueblos (Isleta, Laguna, Mesita, Acomita, Paraje, Acoma, Seama).

1907, April -- Visit to Phoenix, Arizona (Phoenix Indian School), Fort McDowell and Salt River Day School.

1907, May -- Visit to Sacaton, Maricopa, Casa Grande, and Yuma, Arizona.

1907, June -- Visit to Riverside (Sherman Institute), and Pomona, California.

1907, June-July -- Travel to Salt Lake City, Utah. Visit Panguitch, Orton, Kanab, Escalante and Marysvale, Utah.

1907, July-August -- Return to Arizona. Visit Flagstaff, Tuba Indian School, as well as Hopi Pueblo (Walpi, Moencopi, and Oraibi).

1907, September-October -- Return to Lebanon, NH.

Travels in North Carolina, Montana and Florida, 1907-1909

1907, October 22 -- Assigned to Cherokee, North Carolina, to make a new roll of the Eastern Band of Cherokee.

1907, November -- Arrive in Cherokee, North Caolina.

1908, February -- Visit to Robbinsville and Big Cove

1908, April -- Cherokee council meeting regarding Churchill's new roll.

1908, May -- Completes assignment in North Carolina.

1908, June-September -- Return to Washington, DC and Lebanon, New Hampshire.

1908, September-October -- Trip to Montana. Visit to Browning, Blackfeet Reservation, Harlem, Fort Belknap and Fort Peck.

1908, November -- Visit to Spirit Lake (Devil's Lake) and Wahpeton, and Fort Totten, North Dakota.

1908, December -- Visit to Morris, Minnesota.

1909, January -- Trip to Washington, DC for the inauguration of President Taft.

1909, February -- Visit to Carlisle, Pennsylvania.

1909, March-April -- Trip to Florida. Visit to Miami, Fort Lauderdale, Fort Myers, Tampa Bay, St. Petersburg, Gainesville, and St. Augustine.

1909, May -- Visit to Soco Creek and Cherokee, North Carolina.

1909, July -- Return to Lebanon, New Hampshire.

1909, August -- Resignation as Indian Inspector.

Related Materials:

A large collection of Native American cultural objects and archaeology bequeathed by Clara Churchill can still be found at the Hood Museum at Dartmouth College.

Provenance:

Frederick Dockstader, former director of the Museum of the American Indian (MAI), Heye Foundation, illegally removed the majority of the photographs (photo albums, negatives) and manuscript material (journals, reports) from the Hood Museum of Art at Dartmouth College in 1955, before depositing them at the MAI. Those materials were officially gifted to NMAI in 2018 by the Hood Museum. Additional materials from the Churchill collection that remained at the Hood Museum (lantern slides, photographs, scrapbooks, journals) were donated in 2020. These materials have been noted in the finding aid.

Restrictions:

Access to NMAI Archives Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).

Rights:

Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.

Topic:

Boarding schools  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Photographic prints

Photograph albums

Negatives (photographic)

Citation:

Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection, NMAI.AC.058, National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NMAI.AC.058

See more items in:

Frank C. and Clara G. Churchill collection

Archival Repository:

National Museum of the American Indian

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sv45e31a2d8-afd7-4320-96c7-1f596f51c142

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-058

Collector:

James Mooney  Search this

Donor Name:

Bureau Of American Ethnology  Search this

Culture:

Kiowa  Search this

Object Type:

Tipi Model

Place:

Not Given, Oklahoma, United States, North America

Accession Date:

18 Mar 1904

Topic:

Ethnology  Search this

Accession Number:

042431

USNM Number:

E245010-0

See more items in:

Anthropology

Data Source:

NMNH - Anthropology Dept.

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3c8c6a6d9-01ab-4483-ada7-86634d4ee396

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8372376

Extent:

16 Drawings (graphite and colored pencil, 6.5 x 8 inches)

Container:

Box 98-54

Culture:

Kiowa  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Graphic Materials

Drawings

Works of art

Ledger drawings

Place:

Florida -- Fort Marion

North America

Date:

1875-1878

Scope and Contents:

The collection consists of sixteen (16) drawings in a commercial exercise book. The book had been sewn into a second cover prior to its acquisition by the Smithsonian. This second cover was removed and the book was rebound. The second cover has been retained.

The drawings depict hunting, courtship, dance, social gatherings, Indian scouts, mounted and dismounted warriors, and part of the Kiowa Sun Dance. The inside of the front cover is inscribed:

"Capt Pratt U.S.A." "Work by Indians" "By the Indians incarcerated in Fort Marion St. Augustine Florida in 1876" "Engaged in the Custer Massacre" "Care of Capt Pratt in charge assisted by the following ladies-- Mrs Linethurst, Mrs Gibbs - Mrs S'- Mother St Augustine, Mrs Kingsly Gibbs - aunt, Mrs Valentine - Phila, Miss Reed" "Carlisle was the outcome of Capt Pratt's efforts assisted by Mrs Kingsly Gibbs of St Augustine"

The back cover is inscribed:

"Works of the Indians while in prison in Fort Marion St Augustine Florida-- After the Custer Massacre in care of Capt Pratt-- The founder of Carlisle-- These Indians finally taken there for housing and taming--by the Government-- under the care of Capt Pratt USA"

In addition to the inscription, the back cover bears the image of a man wearing a breechcloth, which was scratched into its surface. The name "ZOTOM" appears in stencil block letters on the back cover and the inside of the front cover. Although Zotom was a noted Kiowa artist, it is not clear that he is responsible for the drawings. Candace Greene notes that they are unlike his later work and early documented examples of his drawing style have not been identified.

Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.

Historical Note:

Fort Marion, also known as Castillo de San Marco, is a stone fortress in St. Augustine, Florida. Between 1875 and 1878, seventy-two prisoners from the southern plains were incarcerated in the fort. Captain Richard Pratt supervised the prisoners during their incarceration at Fort Marion. The prisoners consisted of 27 Kiowas, 33 Cheyennes, 9 Comanches, 2 Arapahos, and a single Caddo. With the exception of one Cheyenne woman, all the prisoners were men. They had been accused of participating in the recent Red River War, earlier hostilities, or both. With the exception of the wife and daughter of one of the Comanche men, the prisoners families were not allowed to accompany them to Fort Marion.

Local Numbers:

MS 98-54 000

Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Genre/Form:

Works of art

Ledger drawings

Citation:

MS 1998-54 Exercise book containing drawings by an anonymous Kiowa artist, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.MS1998-54

See more items in:

MS 1998-54 Exercise book containing drawings by an anonymous Kiowa artist

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw39b1ada3f-864a-426e-9cd8-1bb560f310e0

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-ms1998-54

Extent:

171 Drawings (25 leaves, graphite, watercolor, and ink on card stock, 8.5 X 11 inches)

Container:

Box 2002-27

Culture:

Kiowa  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Graphic Materials

Drawings

Works of art

Calendars

Pictographs

Place:

North America

Date:

1825-1921

Scope and Contents:

The collection consists of a Kiowa calendar consists on 25 sheet of heavy card stock. Each page contains two to four pictographs, arranged top to bottom and left to right. The calendar entries cover the period 1825-1921. A red diamond is used to signify winter and a green or yellow bar to signify summer. A depiction of the forked Medicine Lodge pole often accompanies the symbol for summer.

No information is known about the original production of this calendar. However, the pictures are a close match to a tracing that Wilbur S. Nye made in the 1920s of a calendar on cloth belonging to Jimmy Quitone. Although arranged in a different format, this may be considered a variant of the Quitone calendar. Nye recorded that while Quitone owned the calendar when he made the tracing, it had been produced by Johnny Anko and Hauvahte. Huvahte may be an alternate rendering of Habate, or Haba. Nye believed that the calendar was destroyed when the Quitone home burned in the 1930s.

Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.

Biographical Note:

Jimmy Quitone also known as Jimmy or James Quoetone, Gui-tone and Wolf Tail (1955-1956) was one of the elders from whom Wilbur S. Nye recorded much information about Kiowa history. According to Nye, he was the father of George Hunt and Guy Quitone.

Local Numbers:

NAA MS 2002-27

Related Materials:

Wilbur S. Nye's tracing of the Quitone calendar is in the collection of the Fort Sill Museum in Oklahoma together with his notes about the version that he examined (cat. no. D68.39.4).

Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Genre/Form:

Works of art

Calendars

Pictographs

Citation:

MS 2002-27 Quitone Kiowa calendar, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.MS2002-27

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw34a01744d-1a53-4e5d-a28b-7f143effc802

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-ms2002-27

Extent:

1 Drawing

Type:

Archival materials

Drawings

Local Numbers:

NAA MS 98-54 005

Collection Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Collection Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Collection Citation:

MS 1998-54 Exercise book containing drawings by an anonymous Kiowa artist, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

See more items in:

MS 1998-54 Exercise book containing drawings by an anonymous Kiowa artist

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw32ab8c4c4-ff01-4702-8671-e21bcde071e5

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-naa-ms1998-54-ref5

Extent:

1 Drawing

Type:

Archival materials

Drawings

Scope and Contents:

Drawing depicts a man wearing a wolf hide, a man wrapped in the American flag, and a man wearing body paint.

Local Numbers:

NAA MS 98-54 001

Collection Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Collection Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Collection Citation:

MS 1998-54 Exercise book containing drawings by an anonymous Kiowa artist, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

See more items in:

MS 1998-54 Exercise book containing drawings by an anonymous Kiowa artist

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3b376ddf2-2d15-41b1-a1d7-cfeed12b7f81

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-naa-ms1998-54-ref1

Extent:

1 Drawing

Type:

Archival materials

Drawings

Local Numbers:

NAA MS 98-54 010

Collection Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Collection Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Collection Citation:

MS 1998-54 Exercise book containing drawings by an anonymous Kiowa artist, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

See more items in:

MS 1998-54 Exercise book containing drawings by an anonymous Kiowa artist

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3f4e30754-0a53-4228-8065-975290688243

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-naa-ms1998-54-ref10