Search Results

Artist:

Daniel Huntington, 14 Oct 1816 - 18 Apr 1906  Search this

Sitter:

Abigail Smith Adams, 11 Nov 1744 - 28 Oct 1818  Search this

Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton, 9 Aug 1757 - 9 Nov 1854  Search this

John Jay, 12 Dec 1745 - 17 May 1829  Search this

John Adams, 30 Oct 1735 - 4 Jul 1826  Search this

Alexander Hamilton, 11 Jan 1757 - 11 Jul 1804  Search this

Henry Laurens, 6 Mar 1724 - 8 Dec 1792  Search this

John Dickinson, 8 Nov 1732 - 14 Feb 1808  Search this

Mary Alsop King, 1769 - 1819  Search this

Mrs. Van Rensseleaar  Search this

Unidentified Sitter  Search this

Mrs. Genet  Search this

Martha Dandridge Custis Washington, 2 Jun 1731 - 22 May 1802  Search this

Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis, 31 Mar 1779 - 15 Jul 1852  Search this

Mary White Morris, 1749 - 1827  Search this

John Trumbull, 6 Jun 1756 - 10 Nov 1843  Search this

Jonathan Trumbull, Sr., 12 Oct 1710 - 17 Aug 1785  Search this

Oliver Ellsworth, 1745 - 1807  Search this

Thomas Jefferson, 13 Apr 1743 - 4 Jul 1826  Search this

Miss Habersham  Search this

Faith Trumbull Wadsworth, 1769 - 1846  Search this

Oliver Wolcott, 1726 - 1797  Search this

George Hammond, 1763 - 1853  Search this

George Washington, 22 Feb 1732 - 14 Dec 1799  Search this

Harriet Chew Carroll, 1775 - 1861  Search this

Duke of Kent  Search this

Arthur Middleton, 1742 - 1787  Search this

Mrs. Drayton  Search this

Miss Brockholst Livingston  Search this

Mrs. Bingham, born mid 18th century  Search this

Abigail Amelia Adams Smith  Search this

Benjamin Huntington  Search this

Pamela Dwight Sedgwick, 26 Jun 1753 - 20 Sep 1807  Search this

Lewis Morris, 8 Apr 1726 - 22 Jan 1798  Search this

Robert Morris, 31 Jan 1734 - 8 May 1806  Search this

Thomas McKean, 19 Mar 1734 - 24 Jun 1817  Search this

Nathanael Greene, 7 Aug 1742 - 19 Jun 1786  Search this

Sarah Vanbrugh Livingston Jay, 2 Aug 1756 - 28 May 1802  Search this

Sophia Chew, 1769 - 1841  Search this

Gouverneur Morris, 31 Jan 1752 - 6 Nov 1816  Search this

King Louis Philippe of France, 1773 - 1850  Search this

James Iredell, 5 Oct 1751 - 20 Oct 1799  Search this

Benjamin Rush, 4 Jan 1746 - 19 April 1813  Search this

Charles Carroll, 1737 - 1832  Search this

William White, c. 4 Apr 1748 - 17 Jul 1836  Search this

Gilbert Stuart, 3 Dec 1755 - 9 Jul 1828  Search this

Otho Holland Williams, 1749 - 1794  Search this

Robert R. Livingston, 27 Nov 1746 - 26 Feb 1813  Search this

Francis Hopkinson, 1737 - 1791  Search this

Catherine Luer  Search this

Sally Foster Otis, 1770 - 1836  Search this

Alice De Lancey Izard, 1745 - 1832  Search this

Cornelia Tappen Clinton, 1744 - 1800  Search this

John Hancock, 12 Jan 1737 - 8 Oct 1793  Search this

Ashbel Green, 1762 - 1848  Search this

Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben, 17 Sep 1730 - 28 Nov 1794  Search this

Edmund Randolph, 10 Aug 1753 - 12 Sep 1813  Search this

Mrs. Cutler  Search this

Mrs. Chauncey Goodrich  Search this

Mrs. Winthrop  Search this

Martha ("Patsy") Jefferson Randolph, 27 Sep 1772 - 10 Oct 1836  Search this

Benjamin Lincoln, 24 Jan 1733 - 9 May 1810  Search this

Henry Knox, 25 Jul 1750 - 25 Oct 1806  Search this

George Washington Parke Custis, 30 Apr 1781 - 10 Oct 1857  Search this

Possibly:

Mary Carroll Caton, 2 Sep 1770 - 14 Nov 1846  Search this

Medium:

Oil on canvas

Dimensions:

167.6 x 277cm (66 x 109 1/16")

Type:

Painting

Date:

1861

Topic:

Interior  Search this

Architecture\Arch  Search this

Artwork\Painting  Search this

Artwork\Sculpture\Bust  Search this

Architecture\Column  Search this

Artwork\Sculpture\Statue  Search this

Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis: Female  Search this

Eleanor Parke Custis Lewis: Visual Arts\Artist\Silhouettist  Search this

Ashbel Green: Male  Search this

Ashbel Green: Religion and Spirituality\Clergy  Search this

Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben: Male  Search this

Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War Army officer  Search this

Friedrich Wilhelm von Steuben: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\University administrator\University trustee  Search this

Edmund Randolph: Male  Search this

Edmund Randolph: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\US Attorney General  Search this

Edmund Randolph: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of State  Search this

Edmund Randolph: Politics and Government\Governor\Virginia  Search this

George Washington: Male  Search this

George Washington: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War Army officer  Search this

George Washington: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman  Search this

George Washington: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this

George Washington: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\General  Search this

George Washington: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this

George Washington: Science and Technology\Surveyor  Search this

George Washington: Congressional Gold Medal  Search this

Otho Holland Williams: Male  Search this

Otho Holland Williams: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War Army officer  Search this

George Hammond: Male  Search this

George Hammond: Politics and Government\Statesman  Search this

Robert Morris: Male  Search this

Robert Morris: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this

Robert Morris: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this

Robert Morris: Business and Finance\Financier  Search this

Robert Morris: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant\Shipping  Search this

Robert Morris: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Pennsylvania  Search this

Robert Morris: Politics and Government\Statesman\Signer of Constitution  Search this

Benjamin Lincoln: Male  Search this

Benjamin Lincoln: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War Army officer  Search this

Benjamin Lincoln: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of War  Search this

Benjamin Lincoln: Politics and Government\Lieutenant Governor\Massachusetts  Search this

Mary White Morris: Female  Search this

Mary White Morris: Society and Social Change\Hostess  Search this

Henry Knox: Male  Search this

Henry Knox: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War Army officer  Search this

Henry Knox: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of War  Search this

Henry Knox: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant\Bookseller  Search this

Oliver Wolcott: Male  Search this

Oliver Wolcott: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Oliver Wolcott: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this

Gilbert Stuart: Male  Search this

Gilbert Stuart: Visual Arts\Artist\Painter  Search this

Gilbert Stuart: Visual Arts\Artist\Portraitist  Search this

Francis Hopkinson: Visual Arts\Artist  Search this

Francis Hopkinson: Male  Search this

Francis Hopkinson: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Francis Hopkinson: Literature\Writer  Search this

Francis Hopkinson: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this

Nathanael Greene: Male  Search this

Nathanael Greene: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War Army officer  Search this

Nathanael Greene: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\General  Search this

Nathanael Greene: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Manufacturer\Iron  Search this

Nathanael Greene: Congressional Gold Medal  Search this

Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton: Female  Search this

Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton: Society and Social Change\Philanthropist  Search this

Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton: Society and Social Change\Administrator\Charity administrator\Charity founder\Orphanage founder  Search this

John Jay: Male  Search this

John Jay: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Jay: Literature\Writer  Search this

John Jay: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this

John Jay: Politics and Government\Governor\New York  Search this

John Jay: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\US Supreme Court Justice\Chief Justice of US  Search this

Thomas McKean: Male  Search this

Thomas McKean: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Thomas McKean: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this

Thomas McKean: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this

Thomas McKean: Politics and Government\Governor\Pennsylvania  Search this

Thomas McKean: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Delaware  Search this

Thomas McKean: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\State Supreme Court Justice\Pennsylvania  Search this

Faith Trumbull Wadsworth: Female  Search this

Alice De Lancey Izard: Female  Search this

Charles Carroll: Male  Search this

Charles Carroll: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this

Charles Carroll: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this

Charles Carroll: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Railroad  Search this

Charles Carroll: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Planter  Search this

Charles Carroll: Politics and Government\State Senator\Maryland  Search this

Charles Carroll: Politics and Government\US Senator\Maryland  Search this

John Adams: Male  Search this

John Adams: Literature\Writer  Search this

John Adams: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this

John Adams: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this

John Adams: Politics and Government\Vice-President of US  Search this

John Adams: Politics and Government\Diplomat  Search this

John Adams: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this

John Adams: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Massachusetts  Search this

Jonathan Trumbull, Sr.: Male  Search this

Jonathan Trumbull, Sr.: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Jonathan Trumbull, Sr.: Politics and Government\Governor\Connecticut  Search this

Jonathan Trumbull, Sr.: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

Jonathan Trumbull, Sr.: Politics and Government\Legislator  Search this

Jonathan Trumbull, Sr.: Law and Crime\Justice of the Peace  Search this

Benjamin Rush: Male  Search this

Benjamin Rush: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this

Benjamin Rush: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this

Benjamin Rush: Medicine and Health\Physician  Search this

Benjamin Rush: Society and Social Change\Reformer  Search this

Benjamin Rush: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Professor\College  Search this

Benjamin Rush: Literature\Writer\Medical  Search this

Benjamin Rush: Society and Social Change\Reformer\Humanitarian  Search this

Martha Dandridge Custis Washington: Female  Search this

Martha Dandridge Custis Washington: Politics and Government\First Lady\First Lady of US  Search this

John Hancock: Male  Search this

John Hancock: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman  Search this

John Hancock: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this

John Hancock: Politics and Government\Governor\Massachusetts  Search this

John Hancock: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

Martha ("Patsy") Jefferson Randolph: Female  Search this

Martha ("Patsy") Jefferson Randolph: Society and Social Change\Hostess  Search this

Martha ("Patsy") Jefferson Randolph: Politics and Government\Daughter of US President  Search this

Sally Foster Otis: Female  Search this

Arthur Middleton: Male  Search this

Arthur Middleton: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this

Arthur Middleton: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this

Arthur Middleton: Military and Intelligence\Soldier\Revolution  Search this

Arthur Middleton: Politics and Government\US Congressman\South Carolina  Search this

Arthur Middleton: Law and Crime\Justice of the Peace  Search this

Arthur Middleton: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Planter  Search this

Sarah Vanbrugh Livingston Jay: Female  Search this

Cornelia Tappen Clinton: Female  Search this

Robert R. Livingston: Male  Search this

Robert R. Livingston: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Robert R. Livingston: Politics and Government\Statesman  Search this

Robert R. Livingston: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this

Robert R. Livingston: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this

Robert R. Livingston: Education and Scholarship\Founder\School  Search this

Robert R. Livingston: Visual Arts\Founder\Art Museum  Search this

Robert R. Livingston: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

Robert R. Livingston: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

Robert R. Livingston: Politics and Government\Chancellor  Search this

John Trumbull: Male  Search this

John Trumbull: Visual Arts\Artist\Portraitist  Search this

John Trumbull: Visual Arts\Artist\Painter\History painter  Search this

Mary Carroll Caton: Female  Search this

George Washington Parke Custis: Male  Search this

George Washington Parke Custis: Literature\Writer\Playwright  Search this

John Dickinson: Male  Search this

John Dickinson: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Dickinson: Literature\Writer  Search this

John Dickinson: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this

John Dickinson: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Pennsylvania  Search this

John Dickinson: Politics and Government\Statesman\Signer of Constitution  Search this

John Dickinson: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Delaware  Search this

John Dickinson: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Delaware  Search this

Alexander Hamilton: Male  Search this

Alexander Hamilton: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Alexander Hamilton: Literature\Writer  Search this

Alexander Hamilton: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Revolutionary War Army officer  Search this

Alexander Hamilton: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of Treasury  Search this

Alexander Hamilton: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this

Abigail Smith Adams: Female  Search this

Abigail Smith Adams: Politics and Government\First Lady\First Lady of US  Search this

Abigail Smith Adams: Literature\Writer\Letter writer  Search this

William White: Male  Search this

William White: Literature\Writer\Religious  Search this

William White: Religion and Spirituality\Clergy\Prelate\Bishop  Search this

Gouverneur Morris: Male  Search this

Gouverneur Morris: Politics and Government\US Senator\New York  Search this

Gouverneur Morris: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Gouverneur Morris: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this

Gouverneur Morris: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

Mary Alsop King: Female  Search this

Lewis Morris: Male  Search this

Lewis Morris: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this

Lewis Morris: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this

Lewis Morris: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\University administrator\University trustee  Search this

Lewis Morris: Politics and Government\State Senator\New York  Search this

Lewis Morris: Politics and Government\Patriot  Search this

Lewis Morris: Military and Intelligence\Militia\Militiaman\Revolution  Search this

James Iredell: Male  Search this

James Iredell: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

James Iredell: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\US Supreme Court Justice  Search this

James Iredell: Politics and Government\State Attorney General\North Carolina  Search this

King Louis Philippe of France: Male  Search this

King Louis Philippe of France: Rulers and Aristocracy\Aristocrat\Duke  Search this

King Louis Philippe of France: Rulers and Aristocracy\King\France  Search this

Henry Laurens: Male  Search this

Henry Laurens: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this

Henry Laurens: Politics and Government\Government official  Search this

Henry Laurens: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

Henry Laurens: Military and Intelligence\Militia\Officer  Search this

Henry Laurens: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Planter  Search this

Thomas Jefferson: Male  Search this

Thomas Jefferson: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Congressman\Continental congressman  Search this

Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Statesman\Colonial statesman\Signer of Declaration  Search this

Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Vice-President of US  Search this

Thomas Jefferson: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this

Thomas Jefferson: Visual Arts\Architect  Search this

Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this

Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of State  Search this

Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

Thomas Jefferson: Science and Technology\Inventor  Search this

Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Virginia  Search this

Thomas Jefferson: Politics and Government\Governor\Virginia  Search this

Thomas Jefferson: Education and Scholarship\Founder\University  Search this

Sophia Chew: Female  Search this

Oliver Ellsworth: Male  Search this

Oliver Ellsworth: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Oliver Ellsworth: Politics and Government\US Senator\Connecticut  Search this

Oliver Ellsworth: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\US Supreme Court Justice\Chief Justice of US  Search this

Mrs. Bingham: Female  Search this

Benjamin Huntington: Male  Search this

Mrs. Van Rensseleaar: Female  Search this

Mrs. Winthrop: Female  Search this

Mrs. Genet: Female  Search this

Miss Habersham: Female  Search this

Duke of Kent: Male  Search this

Mrs. Drayton: Female  Search this

Miss Brockholst Livingston: Female  Search this

Abigail Amelia Adams Smith: Female  Search this

Pamela Dwight Sedgwick: Female  Search this

Catherine Luer: Female  Search this

Mrs. Cutler: Female  Search this

Mrs. Chauncey Goodrich: Female  Search this

Harriet Chew Carroll: Female  Search this

Portrait  Search this

Credit Line:

Owner: Brooklyn Museum

Object number:

39.536.1 Brooklyn

Restrictions & Rights:

Usage conditions apply

See more items in:

Catalog of American Portraits

Data Source:

Catalog of American Portraits

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4bdf775af-c0f1-4418-9b79-1266df00f765

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:npg_39.536.1_Brooklyn

Artist:

Powell & Co.  Search this

Sitter:

Abraham Lincoln, 12 Feb 1809 - 15 Apr 1865  Search this

Hannibal Hamlin, 27 Aug 1809 - 4 Jul 1891  Search this

Schuyler Colfax, 23 Mar 1823 - 13 Jan 1885  Search this

Augustus Frank, 17 Jul 1826 - 29 Apr 1895  Search this

Josiah Bushnell Grinnell, 22 Dec 1821 - 31 Mar 1891  Search this

John Henry Hubbard, 24 Mar 1804 - 30 Jul 1872  Search this

Henry Winter Davis, 16 Aug 1817 - 30 Dec 1865  Search this

James Mitchell Ashley, 14 Nov 1824 - 16 Sep 1896  Search this

Leonard Myers, 13 Nov 1827 - 11 Feb 1905  Search this

Charles O'Neill, 21 Mar 1821 - 25 Nov 1893  Search this

Daniel Wheelwright Gooch, 8 Jan 1820 - 11 Nov 1891  Search this

Samuel Hooper, 3 Feb 1808 - 14 Feb 1875  Search this

John Adam Kasson, 11 Jan 1822 - 19 May 1910  Search this

Robert Cumming Schenck, 4 Oct 1809 - 23 Mar 1890  Search this

Elihu Benjamin Washburne, 23 Sep 1816 - 22 Oct 1887  Search this

Henry Gaither Worthington, 9 Feb 1828 - 29 Jul 1909  Search this

Freeman Clarke, 22 Mar 1809 - 24 Jun 1887  Search this

George Sewall Boutwell, 28 Jan 1818 - 27 Feb 1905  Search this

James Sidney Rollins, 19 Apr 1812 - 9 Jan 1888  Search this

William Windom, 10 May 1827 - 29 Jan 1891  Search this

Edwin Hanson Webster, 31 Mar 1829 - 24 Apr 1893  Search this

William Darrah Kelley, 12 Apr 1814 - 9 Jan 1890  Search this

George Washington Julian, 5 May 1817 - 7 Jul 1899  Search this

Hiram Price, 10 Jan 1814 - 30 May 1901  Search this

James Edward English, 13 Mar 1812 - 2 Mar 1890  Search this

James Gillespie Blaine, 31 Jan 1830 - 27 Jan 1893  Search this

Nathaniel Barratt Smithers, 8 Oct 1818 - 16 Jan 1896  Search this

James Willis Patterson, 2 Jul 1823 - 4 May 1893  Search this

Henry Taylor Blow, 15 Jul 1817 - 11 Sep 1875  Search this

Jacob Beeson Blair, 11 Apr 1821 - 12 Feb 1901  Search this

Portus Baxter, 4 Dec 1806 - 4 Mar 1868  Search this

James Falconer Wilson, 19 Oct 1828 - 22 Apr 1895  Search this

Thaddeus Stevens, 4 Apr 1792 - 11 Aug 1868  Search this

Charles Upson, 19 Mar 1821 - 5 Sep 1885  Search this

James Tracy Hale, 14 Oct 1810 - 5 Apr 1865  Search this

Giles Waldo Hotchkiss, 25 Oct 1815 - 5 Jul 1878  Search this

Edward Henry Rollins, 3 Oct 1824 - 31 Jul 1889  Search this

Joseph Bailey, 18 Mar 1810 - 26 Aug 1885  Search this

John Wesley Longyear, 1820 - 1875  Search this

Justin Smith Morrill, 14 Apr 1810 - 28 Dec 1898  Search this

Ebenezer Dumont, 23 Nov 1814 - 16 Apr 1871  Search this

Augustus Carpenter Baldwin, 24 Dec 1817 - 21 Jan 1903  Search this

Francis Kellogg, 30 May 1810 - 13 Jan 1879  Search this

John Rogers McBride, 22 Aug 1832 - 20 Jul 1904  Search this

Orlando Kellogg, 18 Jun 1809 - 24 Aug 1865  Search this

Nathan Fellows Dixon, 1 May 1812 - 11 Apr 1881  Search this

Henry Wells Tracy, 24 Sep 1807 - 11 Apr 1886  Search this

Sidney Perham, 27 Mar 1819 - 10 Apr 1907  Search this

William Gay Brown, 25 Sep 1800 - 19 Apr 1884  Search this

Henry Laurens Dawes, 30 Oct 1816 - 5 Feb 1903  Search this

Anson Herrick, 21 Jan 1812 - 6 Feb 1868  Search this

Ephraim Ralph Eckley, 9 Dec 1811 - 27 Mar 1908  Search this

Ebon Clark Ingersoll, 12 Dec 1831 - 31 May 1879  Search this

Joseph Washington McClurg, 22 Feb 1818 - 2 Dec 1900  Search this

Thomas Allen Jenckes, 2 Nov 1818 - 4 Nov 1875  Search this

John Martin Broomall, 19 Jan 1816 - 3 Jun 1894  Search this

Amasa Cobb, 27 Sep 1823 - 5 Jul 1905  Search this

Kellian Van Rensalear Whaley, 6 May 1821 - 20 May 1876  Search this

Francis Thomas, 3 Feb 1799 - 22 Jan 1876  Search this

Asahel Wheeler Hubbard, 19 Jan 1819 - 22 Sep 1879  Search this

William Higby, 18 Aug 1813 - 27 Nov 1887  Search this

Ignatius Donnelly, 3 Nov 1831 - 1 Jan 1901  Search this

Martin Russell Thayer, 9 Mar 1845 - 14 Oct 1906  Search this

Fernando Cortez Beaman, 28 Jun 1814 - 27 Sep 1882  Search this

Robert Bruce Van Valkenburgh, 4 Sep 1821 - 1 Aug 1888  Search this

Oakes Ames, 10 Jan 1804 - 8 May 1873  Search this

Rufus Paine Spalding, 3 May 1798 - 20 Aug 1886  Search this

Archibald McAllister, 12 Oct 1813 - 18 Jul 1883  Search this

Ithamar Conkey Sloan, 9 May 1822 - 24 Dec 1898  Search this

Austin Augustus King, 21 Sep 1802 - 22 Apr 1870  Search this

Daniel Morris, 4 Jan 1812 - 22 Apr 1889  Search this

Jesse Olds Norton, 25 Dec 1812 - 3 Aug 1875  Search this

Alexander Hamilton Rice, 30 Aug 1818 - 22 Jul 1895  Search this

John Crispell, 1820 - 1920?  Search this

James Kennedy Moorhead, 7 Sep 1806 - 6 Mar 1884  Search this

John Bassett Alley, 7 Jan 1817 - 19 Jan 1896  Search this

Calvin Tilden Hulburd, 5 Jun 1809 - 25 Oct 1897  Search this

Thomas Dawes Eliot, 20 Mar 1808 - 14 Jun 1870  Search this

James Madison Marvin, 27 Feb 1809 - 25 Apr 1901  Search this

Isaac Newton Arnold, 1815 - 1884  Search this

John Ashley Griswold, 18 Nov 1822 - 22 Feb 1902  Search this

Thomas Williams, 28 Aug 1806 - 16 Jun 1872  Search this

Thomas Treadwell Davis, 22 Aug 1810 - 2 May 1872  Search this

Moses Fowler Odell, 24 Feb 1818 - 13 Jun 1866  Search this

Augustus Brandegee, 15 Jul 1828 - 10 Nov 1904  Search this

Alexander Hamilton Coffroth, 18 May 1828 - 2 Sep 1906  Search this

William Radford, 24 Jun 1814 - 18 Jan 1870  Search this

William Barrett Washburn, 31 Jan 1820 - 5 Oct 1887  Search this

Godlove Stein Orth, 22 Apr 1817 - 16 Dec 1882  Search this

William Harrison Randall, 15 Jul 1812 - 1 Aug 1881  Search this

Glenni William Scofield, 11 Mar 1817 - 30 Aug 1891  Search this

DeWitt Clinton Littlejohn, 7 Jan 1818 - 27 Oct 1892  Search this

George Helm Yeaman, 1 Nov 1829 - 23 Feb 1908  Search this

Cornelius Cole, 17 Sep 1822 - 3 Nov 1924  Search this

Lucian Anderson, 23 Jun 1824 - 18 Oct 1898  Search this

John Hovey Rice, 5 Feb 1816 - 14 Mar 1911  Search this

John Benedict Steele, 28 Mar 1814 - 24 Sep 1866  Search this

John Farson Starr, 25 Mar 1818 - 9 Aug 1904  Search this

Theodore Medad Pomeroy, 31 Dec 1824 - 23 Mar 1905  Search this

Walter Duncan McIndoe, 30 Mar 1819 - 22 Aug 1872  Search this

John Fletcher Driggs, 8 Mar 1813 - 17 Dec 1877  Search this

Homer Augustus Nelson, 31 Aug 1829 - 25 Apr 1891  Search this

William Boyd Allison, 2 Mar 1829 - 4 Aug 1908  Search this

Samuel Franklin Miller, 27 May 1827 - 16 Mar 1892  Search this

Ezra Wheeler, 23 Dec 1820 - 19 Sep 1871  Search this

Ambrose Williams Clark, 19 Feb 1810 - 13 Oct 1887  Search this

James Abram Garfield, 19 Nov 1831 - 19 Sep 1881  Search this

Amos Myers, 23 Apr 1824 - 18 Oct 1893  Search this

Thomas Bowles Shannon, 21 Sep 1827 - 21 Feb 1897  Search this

Abel Carter Wilder, 18 Mar 1828 - 22 Dec 1875  Search this

Frederick Enoch Woodbridge, 29 Aug 1818 - 25 Apr 1888  Search this

Frederick Augustus Pike, 9 Dec 1816 - 2 Dec 1886  Search this

John Franklin Fransworth, 27 Mar 1820 - 14 Jul 1897  Search this

John Ganson, 1 Jan 1818 - 28 Sep 1874  Search this

John Denison Baldwin, 28 Sep 1809 - 8 Jul 1883  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Loan, 4 Oct 1819 - 30 Mar 1881  Search this

Green Clay Smith, 4 Jul 1826 - 29 Jun 1895  Search this

Wells Andrews Hutchins, 8 Oct 1818 - 25 Jan 1895  Search this

Henry Champion Deming, 23 May 1815 - 8 Oct 1872  Search this

Samuel Knox, 21 Mar 1815 - 7 Mar 1905  Search this

Sempronius Hamilton Boyd, 28 May 1828 - 22 Jun 1894  Search this

Jacob Merritt Howard, 10 Jul 1805 - 2 Apr 1871  Search this

Timothy Otis Howe, 24 Feb 1816 - 25 Mar 1883  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Wade, 27 Oct 1800 - 2 Mar 1878  Search this

William Sprague, 12 Sep 1830 - 11 Sep 1915  Search this

Edgar Cowan, 19 Sep 1815 - 29 Aug 1885  Search this

Alexander Ramsey, 8 Sep 1815 - 22 Apr 1903  Search this

Daniel Clark, 24 Oct 1809 - 2 Jan 1891  Search this

Henry Smith Lane, 24 Feb 1811 - 18 Jun 1881  Search this

Zachariah Chandler, 13 Dec 1813 - 1 Nov 1879  Search this

James Dixon, 5 Aug 1814 - 27 Mar 1873  Search this

Peter Godwin Van Winkle, 7 Sep 1808 - 15 Apr 1872  Search this

Benjamin Gratz Brown, 28 May 1826 - 13 Dec 1885  Search this

John Conover Ten Eyck, 12 Mar 1814 - 24 Apr 1875  Search this

William Pitt Fessenden, 16 Oct 1806 - 9 Sep 1869  Search this

James Willis Nesmith, 23 Jul 1820 - 17 Jun 1885  Search this

Waitman Thomas Willey, 18 Oct 1811 - 2 May 1900  Search this

Morton Smith Wilkinson, 22 Jan 1819 - 4 Feb 1894  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Harding, 4 Jan 1823 - 16 Jun 1899  Search this

John Conness, 22 Sep 1821 - 10 Jan 1909  Search this

Lyman Trumbull, 12 Oct 1813 - 25 Jun 1896  Search this

Henry Wilson, 16 Feb 1812 - 22 Nov 1875  Search this

Jacob Collamer, 8 Jan 1792 - 9 Nov 1865  Search this

John Sherman, 10 May 1823 - 22 Oct 1900  Search this

Charles Sumner, 6 Jan 1811 - 11 Mar 1874  Search this

Lafayette Sabine Foster, 22 Nov 1806 - 19 Sep 1880  Search this

James Harlan, 26 Aug 1820 - 5 Oct 1899  Search this

Edwin Denison Morgan, 8 Feb 1811 - 14 Feb 1883  Search this

James Henry Lane, 22 Jun 1814 - 11 Jul 1866  Search this

Ira Harris, 31 May 1802 - 2 Dec 1875  Search this

Henry Bowen Anthony, 1 Jan 1815 - 2 Sep 1884  Search this

Samuel Clarke Pomeroy, 3 Jan 1816 - 27 Aug 1891  Search this

John Brooks Henderson, 16 Nov 1826 - 12 Apr 1913  Search this

Reverdy Johnson, 21 May 1796 - 10 Feb 1876  Search this

John Parker Hale, 31 Mar 1806 - 19 Nov 1873  Search this

Lot Myrick Morrill, 3 May 1812 - 10 Jan 1883  Search this

Solomon Foot, 19 Nov 1802 - 28 Mar 1866  Search this

James Wilson Grimes, 20 Oct 1816 - 7 Feb 1872  Search this

James Rood Doolittle, 3 Jan 1815 - 23 Jul 1897  Search this

Medium:

Albumen silver print

Dimensions:

Image/Sheet: 20.6 x 17.9cm (8 1/8 x 7 1/16")

Mount: 43.7 x 34.7cm (17 3/16 x 13 11/16")

Mat: 55.9 x 40.6cm (22 x 16")

Type:

Photograph

Date:

1865

Topic:

James Edward English: Male  Search this

James Edward English: Business and Finance\Banker  Search this

James Edward English: Politics and Government\US Senator\Connecticut  Search this

James Edward English: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Connecticut  Search this

James Edward English: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Lumber  Search this

James Edward English: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Manufacturer  Search this

James Edward English: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Connecticut  Search this

James Edward English: Politics and Government\State Senator\Connecticut  Search this

James Edward English: Politics and Government\Governor\Connecticut  Search this

Lafayette Sabine Foster: Male  Search this

Lafayette Sabine Foster: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Lafayette Sabine Foster: Journalism and Media\Newspaper editor  Search this

Lafayette Sabine Foster: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

Lafayette Sabine Foster: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Professor\College  Search this

Lafayette Sabine Foster: Politics and Government\US Senator\Connecticut  Search this

Lafayette Sabine Foster: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Connecticut  Search this

Lafayette Sabine Foster: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\School administrator  Search this

Lafayette Sabine Foster: Politics and Government\Public official\Mayor\Norwich, CT  Search this

Lafayette Sabine Foster: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\State Supreme Court Justice\Connecticut  Search this

John Conover Ten Eyck: Male  Search this

John Conover Ten Eyck: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Conover Ten Eyck: Politics and Government\US Senator\New Jersey  Search this

James Henry Lane: Male  Search this

James Henry Lane: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

James Henry Lane: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Colonel  Search this

James Henry Lane: Politics and Government\US Senator\Kansas  Search this

James Henry Lane: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Indiana  Search this

James Henry Lane: Politics and Government\Lieutenant Governor\Indiana  Search this

Thaddeus Stevens: Male  Search this

Thaddeus Stevens: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Thaddeus Stevens: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Pennsylvania  Search this

Thaddeus Stevens: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Pennsylvania  Search this

Charles Sumner: Male  Search this

Charles Sumner: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Charles Sumner: Politics and Government\Statesman  Search this

Charles Sumner: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Lecturer  Search this

Charles Sumner: Politics and Government\US Senator\Massachusetts  Search this

James Willis Patterson: Male  Search this

James Willis Patterson: Politics and Government\US Senator\New Hampshire  Search this

James Willis Patterson: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

James Willis Patterson: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Professor\College  Search this

James Willis Patterson: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\Smithsonian Institution\Regent  Search this

James Willis Patterson: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New Hampshire  Search this

James Willis Patterson: Politics and Government\State Legislator\New Hampshire  Search this

Henry Laurens Dawes: Male  Search this

Henry Laurens Dawes: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Henry Laurens Dawes: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Massachusetts  Search this

Henry Laurens Dawes: Journalism and Media\Newspaper editor  Search this

Henry Laurens Dawes: Politics and Government\State Senator\Massachusetts  Search this

Henry Laurens Dawes: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

Henry Laurens Dawes: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Massachusetts  Search this

Henry Laurens Dawes: Politics and Government\US Senator\Massachusetts  Search this

Daniel Clark: Male  Search this

Daniel Clark: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Daniel Clark: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Daniel Clark: Politics and Government\US Senator\New Hampshire  Search this

Daniel Clark: Politics and Government\State Legislator\New Hampshire  Search this

William Boyd Allison: Male  Search this

William Boyd Allison: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

William Boyd Allison: Politics and Government\US Senator\Majority Leader  Search this

William Boyd Allison: Politics and Government\Politician  Search this

William Boyd Allison: Politics and Government\US Senator\Iowa  Search this

William Boyd Allison: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Iowa  Search this

James Abram Garfield: Male  Search this

James Abram Garfield: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

James Abram Garfield: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this

James Abram Garfield: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\General  Search this

James Abram Garfield: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

James Abram Garfield: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Professor\College  Search this

James Abram Garfield: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this

James Abram Garfield: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Ohio  Search this

James Abram Garfield: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\College administrator\President  Search this

James Abram Garfield: Politics and Government\State Senator\Ohio  Search this

James Abram Garfield: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Major General  Search this

James Sidney Rollins: Male  Search this

James Sidney Rollins: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

James Sidney Rollins: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer  Search this

James Sidney Rollins: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\University administrator\University president  Search this

James Sidney Rollins: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Missouri  Search this

James Sidney Rollins: Politics and Government\State Senator\Missouri  Search this

James Sidney Rollins: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Missouri  Search this

Jacob Collamer: Male  Search this

Jacob Collamer: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Jacob Collamer: Military and Intelligence\Soldier  Search this

Jacob Collamer: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Jacob Collamer: Politics and Government\Government official\Postmaster\Postmaster General  Search this

Jacob Collamer: Politics and Government\US Senator\Vermont  Search this

Jacob Collamer: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Vermont  Search this

Jacob Collamer: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Vermont  Search this

John Wesley Longyear: Male  Search this

John Wesley Longyear: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Wesley Longyear: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

John Wesley Longyear: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

John Wesley Longyear: Politics and Government\Loyalist  Search this

John Wesley Longyear: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Michigan  Search this

William Sprague: Male  Search this

William Sprague: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist  Search this

William Sprague: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\University administrator\University trustee  Search this

William Sprague: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Civil War army officer\Union army officer  Search this

William Sprague: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Manufacturer  Search this

William Sprague: Politics and Government\US Senator\Rhode Island  Search this

William Sprague: Crafts and Trades\Printer  Search this

William Sprague: Politics and Government\Governor\Rhode Island  Search this

Jacob Merritt Howard: Male  Search this

Jacob Merritt Howard: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Jacob Merritt Howard: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Michigan  Search this

Jacob Merritt Howard: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Michigan  Search this

Jacob Merritt Howard: Politics and Government\US Senator\Michigan  Search this

Benjamin Gratz Brown: Male  Search this

Benjamin Gratz Brown: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Benjamin Gratz Brown: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Civil War army officer\Union army officer  Search this

Benjamin Gratz Brown: Politics and Government\US Senator\Missouri  Search this

Benjamin Gratz Brown: Politics and Government\Governor\Missouri  Search this

Benjamin Gratz Brown: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Missouri  Search this

Ignatius Donnelly: Male  Search this

Ignatius Donnelly: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Ignatius Donnelly: Literature\Writer  Search this

Ignatius Donnelly: Politics and Government\Politician  Search this

Ignatius Donnelly: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Minnesota  Search this

Ignatius Donnelly: Politics and Government\Lieutenant Governor\Minnesota  Search this

Ignatius Donnelly: Politics and Government\State Senator\Minnesota  Search this

Justin Smith Morrill: Male  Search this

Justin Smith Morrill: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\University administrator\University trustee  Search this

Justin Smith Morrill: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

Justin Smith Morrill: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\Smithsonian Institution\Regent  Search this

Justin Smith Morrill: Politics and Government\US Senator\Vermont  Search this

Justin Smith Morrill: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Vermont  Search this

James Falconer Wilson: Male  Search this

James Falconer Wilson: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

James Falconer Wilson: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Railroad  Search this

James Falconer Wilson: Politics and Government\US Senator\Iowa  Search this

James Falconer Wilson: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Iowa  Search this

James Falconer Wilson: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Iowa  Search this

James Falconer Wilson: Politics and Government\State Senator\Iowa  Search this

Hiram Price: Male  Search this

Hiram Price: Politics and Government\Public official  Search this

Hiram Price: Politics and Government\Statesman  Search this

Hiram Price: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this

Hiram Price: Business and Finance\Banker  Search this

Hiram Price: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Railroad  Search this

Hiram Price: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

Hiram Price: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Iowa  Search this

Elihu Benjamin Washburne: Male  Search this

Elihu Benjamin Washburne: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Elihu Benjamin Washburne: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of State  Search this

Elihu Benjamin Washburne: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

Elihu Benjamin Washburne: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Illinois  Search this

Elihu Benjamin Washburne: Society and Social Change\Administrator\Historical society administrator  Search this

Robert Cumming Schenck: Male  Search this

Robert Cumming Schenck: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Robert Cumming Schenck: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Professor\University  Search this

Robert Cumming Schenck: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Civil War army officer\Union army officer  Search this

Robert Cumming Schenck: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Brigadier General  Search this

Robert Cumming Schenck: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Ohio  Search this

Robert Cumming Schenck: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

Robert Cumming Schenck: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Ohio  Search this

Hannibal Hamlin: Male  Search this

Hannibal Hamlin: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Hannibal Hamlin: Politics and Government\Vice-President of US  Search this

Hannibal Hamlin: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist  Search this

Hannibal Hamlin: Military and Intelligence\Soldier  Search this

Hannibal Hamlin: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

Hannibal Hamlin: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\Smithsonian Institution\Regent  Search this

Hannibal Hamlin: Crafts and Trades\Printer  Search this

Hannibal Hamlin: Politics and Government\US Senator\Maine  Search this

Hannibal Hamlin: Politics and Government\Governor\Maine  Search this

Hannibal Hamlin: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Maine  Search this

Schuyler Colfax: Male  Search this

Schuyler Colfax: Politics and Government\Vice-President of US  Search this

Schuyler Colfax: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Lecturer  Search this

Schuyler Colfax: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Speaker of the House  Search this

Schuyler Colfax: Journalism and Media\Newspaper publisher  Search this

Schuyler Colfax: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Indiana  Search this

Schuyler Colfax: Business and Finance\Accounting\Auditor  Search this

Lot Myrick Morrill: Male  Search this

Lot Myrick Morrill: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Lot Myrick Morrill: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of Treasury  Search this

Lot Myrick Morrill: Politics and Government\US Senator\Maine  Search this

Lot Myrick Morrill: Politics and Government\Governor\Maine  Search this

Lot Myrick Morrill: Politics and Government\State Senator\Maine  Search this

Lot Myrick Morrill: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Maine  Search this

Josiah Bushnell Grinnell: Male  Search this

Josiah Bushnell Grinnell: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Josiah Bushnell Grinnell: Religion and Spirituality\Clergy\Pastor  Search this

Josiah Bushnell Grinnell: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Railroad  Search this

Josiah Bushnell Grinnell: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Railroad  Search this

Josiah Bushnell Grinnell: Politics and Government\Legislator  Search this

Josiah Bushnell Grinnell: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Iowa  Search this

Isaac Newton Arnold: Male  Search this

Isaac Newton Arnold: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Isaac Newton Arnold: Education and Scholarship\Scholar\Historian  Search this

Isaac Newton Arnold: Literature\Writer\Biographer  Search this

Isaac Newton Arnold: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Illinois  Search this

Isaac Newton Arnold: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Illinois  Search this

Reverdy Johnson: Male  Search this

Reverdy Johnson: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Reverdy Johnson: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\US Attorney General  Search this

Reverdy Johnson: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

Reverdy Johnson: Politics and Government\State Senator\Maryland  Search this

Reverdy Johnson: Politics and Government\US Senator\Maryland  Search this

Edward Henry Rollins: Male  Search this

Edward Henry Rollins: Politics and Government\US Senator\New Hampshire  Search this

Edward Henry Rollins: Business and Finance\Banker  Search this

Edward Henry Rollins: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Railroad  Search this

Edward Henry Rollins: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

Edward Henry Rollins: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New Hampshire  Search this

Edward Henry Rollins: Politics and Government\State Legislator\New Hampshire  Search this

Henry Taylor Blow: Male  Search this

Henry Taylor Blow: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Missouri  Search this

Henry Taylor Blow: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

Henry Taylor Blow: Politics and Government\State Senator\Missouri  Search this

Henry Taylor Blow: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Mining  Search this

Henry Wilson: Male  Search this

Henry Wilson: Politics and Government\Vice-President of US  Search this

Henry Wilson: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this

Henry Wilson: Journalism and Media\Newspaper editor  Search this

Henry Wilson: Politics and Government\State Senator\Massachusetts  Search this

Henry Wilson: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

Henry Wilson: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Massachusetts  Search this

Henry Wilson: Politics and Government\US Senator\Massachusetts  Search this

Henry Wilson: Military and Intelligence\Officer  Search this

Henry Wilson: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Manufacturer\Shoe  Search this

Henry Wilson: Crafts and Trades\Cobbler  Search this

John Adam Kasson: Male  Search this

John Adam Kasson: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Adam Kasson: Politics and Government\Cabinet member  Search this

John Adam Kasson: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

John Adam Kasson: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Iowa  Search this

John Adam Kasson: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Iowa  Search this

Cornelius Cole: Male  Search this

Cornelius Cole: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Cornelius Cole: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Captain  Search this

Cornelius Cole: Politics and Government\US Senator\California  Search this

Cornelius Cole: Natural Resource Occupations\Miner\Gold  Search this

Cornelius Cole: Politics and Government\US Congressman\California  Search this

Henry Bowen Anthony: Male  Search this

Henry Bowen Anthony: Journalism and Media\Newspaper editor  Search this

Henry Bowen Anthony: Politics and Government\US Senator\Rhode Island  Search this

Henry Bowen Anthony: Politics and Government\Governor\Rhode Island  Search this

Henry Smith Lane: Male  Search this

Henry Smith Lane: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Henry Smith Lane: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer  Search this

Henry Smith Lane: Business and Finance\Banker  Search this

Henry Smith Lane: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Indiana  Search this

Henry Smith Lane: Politics and Government\State Senator\Indiana  Search this

Henry Smith Lane: Politics and Government\US Senator\Indiana  Search this

Henry Smith Lane: Politics and Government\Governor\Indiana  Search this

Henry Smith Lane: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Indiana  Search this

Solomon Foot: Male  Search this

Solomon Foot: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Solomon Foot: Politics and Government\Politician  Search this

Solomon Foot: Politics and Government\US Senator\Vermont  Search this

Solomon Foot: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Vermont  Search this

Solomon Foot: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Vermont  Search this

James Rood Doolittle: Male  Search this

James Rood Doolittle: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

James Rood Doolittle: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Professor\University  Search this

James Rood Doolittle: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\University administrator\University president  Search this

James Rood Doolittle: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

James Rood Doolittle: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\University administrator\University trustee  Search this

James Rood Doolittle: Politics and Government\US Senator\Wisconsin  Search this

Theodore Medad Pomeroy: Male  Search this

Theodore Medad Pomeroy: Business and Finance\Businessperson  Search this

Theodore Medad Pomeroy: Politics and Government\State Legislator\New York  Search this

Theodore Medad Pomeroy: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Theodore Medad Pomeroy: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Speaker of the House  Search this

Theodore Medad Pomeroy: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

Theodore Medad Pomeroy: Politics and Government\State Senator\New York  Search this

Theodore Medad Pomeroy: Politics and Government\Public official\Mayor\Auburn, NY  Search this

James Wilson Grimes: Male  Search this

James Wilson Grimes: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

James Wilson Grimes: Politics and Government\US Senator\Iowa  Search this

James Wilson Grimes: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Iowa  Search this

James Wilson Grimes: Politics and Government\Governor\Iowa  Search this

John Parker Hale: Male  Search this

John Parker Hale: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Parker Hale: Politics and Government\US Attorney  Search this

John Parker Hale: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

John Parker Hale: Politics and Government\US Senator\Maine  Search this

John Parker Hale: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Maine  Search this

John Brooks Henderson: Male  Search this

John Brooks Henderson: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Brooks Henderson: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Brigadier General  Search this

John Brooks Henderson: Politics and Government\US Senator\Missouri  Search this

John Brooks Henderson: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Missouri  Search this

Edwin Denison Morgan: Male  Search this

Edwin Denison Morgan: Politics and Government\State Legislator\New York  Search this

Edwin Denison Morgan: Politics and Government\US Senator\New York  Search this

Edwin Denison Morgan: Business and Finance\Banker  Search this

Edwin Denison Morgan: Politics and Government\Governor\New York  Search this

Edwin Denison Morgan: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

Edwin Denison Morgan: Society and Social Change\Philanthropist\Benefactor  Search this

George Sewall Boutwell: Male  Search this

George Sewall Boutwell: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

George Sewall Boutwell: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of Treasury  Search this

George Sewall Boutwell: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Massachusetts  Search this

George Sewall Boutwell: Politics and Government\Governor\Massachusetts  Search this

George Sewall Boutwell: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

George Sewall Boutwell: Politics and Government\US Senator\Massachusetts  Search this

George Sewall Boutwell: Politics and Government\Government official\Postmaster  Search this

Timothy Otis Howe: Male  Search this

Timothy Otis Howe: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Timothy Otis Howe: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Timothy Otis Howe: Politics and Government\US Senator\Wisconsin  Search this

Timothy Otis Howe: Politics and Government\Government official\Postmaster\Postmaster General  Search this

Timothy Otis Howe: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\State Supreme Court Justice\Wisconsin  Search this

Zachariah Chandler: Male  Search this

Zachariah Chandler: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

Zachariah Chandler: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of Interior  Search this

Zachariah Chandler: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

Zachariah Chandler: Politics and Government\US Senator\Michigan  Search this

Zachariah Chandler: Politics and Government\Public official\Mayor\Detroit, MI  Search this

Alexander Ramsey: Male  Search this

Alexander Ramsey: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Alexander Ramsey: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of War  Search this

Alexander Ramsey: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Pennsylvania  Search this

Alexander Ramsey: Society and Social Change\Administrator\Historical society administrator\President  Search this

Alexander Ramsey: Politics and Government\US Senator\Minnesota  Search this

Alexander Ramsey: Politics and Government\Governor\Minnesota  Search this

Augustus Frank: Male  Search this

Augustus Frank: Business and Finance\Banker  Search this

Augustus Frank: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Railroad  Search this

Augustus Frank: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

John Henry Hubbard: Male  Search this

John Henry Hubbard: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Henry Hubbard: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Connecticut  Search this

John Henry Hubbard: Politics and Government\State Senator\Connecticut  Search this

Henry Winter Davis: Male  Search this

Henry Winter Davis: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Henry Winter Davis: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Maryland  Search this

James Mitchell Ashley: Male  Search this

James Mitchell Ashley: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

James Mitchell Ashley: Journalism and Media\Newspaper editor  Search this

James Mitchell Ashley: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Railroad  Search this

James Mitchell Ashley: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Railroad  Search this

James Mitchell Ashley: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Ohio  Search this

James Mitchell Ashley: Politics and Government\Governor\Montana  Search this

Leonard Myers: Male  Search this

Leonard Myers: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Leonard Myers: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Pennsylvania  Search this

Leonard Myers: Military and Intelligence\Militia\Officer  Search this

Charles O'Neill: Male  Search this

Charles O'Neill: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Charles O'Neill: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Pennsylvania  Search this

Charles O'Neill: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Pennsylvania  Search this

Charles O'Neill: Politics and Government\State Senator\Pennsylvania  Search this

Daniel Wheelwright Gooch: Male  Search this

Daniel Wheelwright Gooch: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Daniel Wheelwright Gooch: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Massachusetts  Search this

Samuel Hooper: Male  Search this

Samuel Hooper: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Massachusetts  Search this

Samuel Hooper: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Importer  Search this

Samuel Hooper: Politics and Government\State Senator\Massachusetts  Search this

Samuel Hooper: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Massachusetts  Search this

Samuel Hooper: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Manufacturer\Iron  Search this

Henry Gaither Worthington: Male  Search this

Henry Gaither Worthington: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Henry Gaither Worthington: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Henry Gaither Worthington: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

Henry Gaither Worthington: Military and Intelligence\Militia\Officer  Search this

Henry Gaither Worthington: Politics and Government\State Legislator\California  Search this

Henry Gaither Worthington: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Nevada  Search this

Freeman Clarke: Male  Search this

Freeman Clarke: Business and Finance\Financier  Search this

Freeman Clarke: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Railroad  Search this

Freeman Clarke: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

Freeman Clarke: Business and Finance\Accounting\Accountant\Comptroller  Search this

Edwin Hanson Webster: Male  Search this

Edwin Hanson Webster: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Edwin Hanson Webster: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Colonel  Search this

Edwin Hanson Webster: Business and Finance\Banker  Search this

Edwin Hanson Webster: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

Edwin Hanson Webster: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Maryland  Search this

Edwin Hanson Webster: Politics and Government\State Senator\Maryland  Search this

William Darrah Kelley: Male  Search this

William Darrah Kelley: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

William Darrah Kelley: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Pennsylvania  Search this

William Darrah Kelley: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

William Darrah Kelley: Crafts and Trades\Jeweler  Search this

George Washington Julian: Male  Search this

George Washington Julian: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

George Washington Julian: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Indiana  Search this

George Washington Julian: Politics and Government\Government official\Surveyor  Search this

George Washington Julian: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Indiana  Search this

Nathaniel Barratt Smithers: Male  Search this

Nathaniel Barratt Smithers: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Nathaniel Barratt Smithers: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Delaware  Search this

Jacob Beeson Blair: Male  Search this

Jacob Beeson Blair: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Jacob Beeson Blair: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Jacob Beeson Blair: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

Jacob Beeson Blair: Politics and Government\US Congressman\West Virginia  Search this

Jacob Beeson Blair: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Virginia  Search this

Jacob Beeson Blair: Politics and Government\Government official\Surveyor  Search this

Jacob Beeson Blair: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\State Supreme Court Justice\Wyoming  Search this

Portus Baxter: Male  Search this

Portus Baxter: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Vermont  Search this

Charles Upson: Male  Search this

Charles Upson: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Charles Upson: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Charles Upson: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

Charles Upson: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Michigan  Search this

Charles Upson: Politics and Government\State Senator\Michigan  Search this

Charles Upson: Politics and Government\State Attorney General\Michigan  Search this

Charles Upson: Politics and Government\Public official\Mayor\Coldwater, MI  Search this

James Tracy Hale: Male  Search this

James Tracy Hale: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

James Tracy Hale: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Pennsylvania  Search this

James Tracy Hale: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Giles Waldo Hotchkiss: Male  Search this

Giles Waldo Hotchkiss: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Giles Waldo Hotchkiss: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

Joseph Bailey: Male  Search this

Joseph Bailey: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Joseph Bailey: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Pennsylvania  Search this

Joseph Bailey: Crafts and Trades  Search this

Joseph Bailey: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Pennsylvania  Search this

Joseph Bailey: Politics and Government\State Senator\Pennsylvania  Search this

Ebenezer Dumont: Male  Search this

Ebenezer Dumont: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Ebenezer Dumont: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\General  Search this

Ebenezer Dumont: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Indiana  Search this

Ebenezer Dumont: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Indiana  Search this

Augustus Carpenter Baldwin: Male  Search this

Augustus Carpenter Baldwin: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Augustus Carpenter Baldwin: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Augustus Carpenter Baldwin: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Michigan  Search this

Augustus Carpenter Baldwin: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Michigan  Search this

Augustus Carpenter Baldwin: Politics and Government\Public official\Mayor\Pontiac, MI  Search this

Francis Kellogg: Male  Search this

Francis Kellogg: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Colonel  Search this

Francis Kellogg: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Lumber  Search this

Francis Kellogg: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Alabama  Search this

Francis Kellogg: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Michigan  Search this

Francis Kellogg: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Michigan  Search this

John Rogers McBride: Male  Search this

John Rogers McBride: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Rogers McBride: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\Superintendent  Search this

John Rogers McBride: Politics and Government\State Senator\Oregon  Search this

John Rogers McBride: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Oregon  Search this

John Rogers McBride: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\State Supreme Court Justice\Idaho  Search this

Orlando Kellogg: Male  Search this

Orlando Kellogg: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Orlando Kellogg: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

Nathan Fellows Dixon: Male  Search this

Nathan Fellows Dixon: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Nathan Fellows Dixon: Business and Finance\Banker  Search this

Nathan Fellows Dixon: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Rhode Island  Search this

Nathan Fellows Dixon: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Rhode Island  Search this

Henry Wells Tracy: Male  Search this

Henry Wells Tracy: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Pennsylvania  Search this

Henry Wells Tracy: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

Henry Wells Tracy: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Pennsylvania  Search this

Henry Wells Tracy: Science and Technology\Contractor  Search this

Sidney Perham: Male  Search this

Sidney Perham: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist  Search this

Sidney Perham: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\University administrator\University trustee  Search this

Sidney Perham: Politics and Government\Governor\Maine  Search this

Sidney Perham: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Maine  Search this

Sidney Perham: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Maine  Search this

Sidney Perham: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Appraiser  Search this

William Gay Brown: Male  Search this

William Gay Brown: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

William Gay Brown: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Virginia  Search this

William Gay Brown: Politics and Government\US Congressman\West Virginia  Search this

William Gay Brown: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Virginia  Search this

Anson Herrick: Male  Search this

Anson Herrick: Journalism and Media\Journalist  Search this

Anson Herrick: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

Anson Herrick: Crafts and Trades\Printer  Search this

Ephraim Ralph Eckley: Male  Search this

Ephraim Ralph Eckley: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Ephraim Ralph Eckley: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

Ephraim Ralph Eckley: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Brigadier General  Search this

Ephraim Ralph Eckley: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Ohio  Search this

Ephraim Ralph Eckley: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Ohio  Search this

Ephraim Ralph Eckley: Politics and Government\State Senator\Ohio  Search this

Ebon Clark Ingersoll: Male  Search this

Ebon Clark Ingersoll: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Ebon Clark Ingersoll: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Illinois  Search this

Ebon Clark Ingersoll: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Illinois  Search this

Joseph Washington McClurg: Male  Search this

Joseph Washington McClurg: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Joseph Washington McClurg: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Colonel  Search this

Joseph Washington McClurg: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

Joseph Washington McClurg: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

Joseph Washington McClurg: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant\Shipping  Search this

Joseph Washington McClurg: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Missouri  Search this

Joseph Washington McClurg: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Mining  Search this

Joseph Washington McClurg: Politics and Government\Governor\Missouri  Search this

Thomas Allen Jenckes: Male  Search this

Thomas Allen Jenckes: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Thomas Allen Jenckes: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Rhode Island  Search this

Thomas Allen Jenckes: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Rhode Island  Search this

John Martin Broomall: Male  Search this

John Martin Broomall: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Martin Broomall: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Pennsylvania  Search this

John Martin Broomall: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Captain  Search this

John Martin Broomall: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

John Martin Broomall: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

John Martin Broomall: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Pennsylvania  Search this

Amasa Cobb: Male  Search this

Amasa Cobb: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Amasa Cobb: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Brigadier General  Search this

Amasa Cobb: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Wisconsin  Search this

Amasa Cobb: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Mining  Search this

Amasa Cobb: Politics and Government\Public official\Mayor\Lincoln, NE  Search this

Amasa Cobb: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\State Supreme Court Justice\Nebraska  Search this

Kellian Van Rensalear Whaley: Male  Search this

Kellian Van Rensalear Whaley: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Lumber  Search this

Kellian Van Rensalear Whaley: Politics and Government\US Congressman\West Virginia  Search this

Kellian Van Rensalear Whaley: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Virginia  Search this

Kellian Van Rensalear Whaley: Politics and Government\Government official\Customs Agent  Search this

Francis Thomas: Male  Search this

Francis Thomas: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Francis Thomas: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist  Search this

Francis Thomas: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Company president  Search this

Francis Thomas: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Maryland  Search this

Francis Thomas: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

Francis Thomas: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Maryland  Search this

Francis Thomas: Politics and Government\Governor\Maryland  Search this

Asahel Wheeler Hubbard: Male  Search this

Asahel Wheeler Hubbard: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Asahel Wheeler Hubbard: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this

Asahel Wheeler Hubbard: Business and Finance\Banker  Search this

Asahel Wheeler Hubbard: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

Asahel Wheeler Hubbard: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Railroad  Search this

Asahel Wheeler Hubbard: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Mining  Search this

Asahel Wheeler Hubbard: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Iowa  Search this

Asahel Wheeler Hubbard: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Indiana  Search this

Asahel Wheeler Hubbard: Crafts and Trades\Mason  Search this

William Higby: Male  Search this

William Higby: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

William Higby: Journalism and Media\Newspaper editor  Search this

William Higby: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Horticulturist  Search this

William Higby: Politics and Government\US Congressman\California  Search this

William Higby: Politics and Government\State Senator\California  Search this

Martin Russell Thayer: Male  Search this

Martin Russell Thayer: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Martin Russell Thayer: Literature\Writer  Search this

Martin Russell Thayer: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Pennsylvania  Search this

Martin Russell Thayer: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Fernando Cortez Beaman: Male  Search this

Fernando Cortez Beaman: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Fernando Cortez Beaman: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Fernando Cortez Beaman: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

Fernando Cortez Beaman: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Michigan  Search this

Fernando Cortez Beaman: Politics and Government\Public official\Mayor\Adrian, MI  Search this

Robert Bruce Van Valkenburgh: Male  Search this

Robert Bruce Van Valkenburgh: Politics and Government\State Legislator\New York  Search this

Robert Bruce Van Valkenburgh: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Robert Bruce Van Valkenburgh: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Colonel  Search this

Robert Bruce Van Valkenburgh: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

Robert Bruce Van Valkenburgh: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

Robert Bruce Van Valkenburgh: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\State Supreme Court Justice\Florida  Search this

Oakes Ames: Male  Search this

Oakes Ames: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Massachusetts  Search this

Oakes Ames: Business and Finance\Financier  Search this

Oakes Ames: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Railroad\Railroad promoter  Search this

Oakes Ames: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Manufacturer\Tool  Search this

Rufus Paine Spalding: Male  Search this

Rufus Paine Spalding: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Ohio  Search this

Rufus Paine Spalding: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Ohio  Search this

Rufus Paine Spalding: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\State Supreme Court Justice\Ohio  Search this

Archibald McAllister: Male  Search this

Archibald McAllister: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Pennsylvania  Search this

Archibald McAllister: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Manufacturer\Iron  Search this

Austin Augustus King: Male  Search this

Austin Augustus King: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Austin Augustus King: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Colonel  Search this

Austin Augustus King: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Austin Augustus King: Law and Crime\Jurist  Search this

Austin Augustus King: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Missouri  Search this

Austin Augustus King: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Missouri  Search this

Ithamar Conkey Sloan: Male  Search this

Ithamar Conkey Sloan: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Ithamar Conkey Sloan: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Wisconsin  Search this

Ithamar Conkey Sloan: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\University administrator\Dean  Search this

Daniel Morris: Male  Search this

Daniel Morris: Politics and Government\State Legislator\New York  Search this

Daniel Morris: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Daniel Morris: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

Jesse Olds Norton: Male  Search this

Jesse Olds Norton: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Jesse Olds Norton: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Jesse Olds Norton: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Illinois  Search this

Jesse Olds Norton: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Illinois  Search this

Alexander Hamilton Rice: Male  Search this

Alexander Hamilton Rice: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Massachusetts  Search this

Alexander Hamilton Rice: Politics and Government\Governor\Massachusetts  Search this

Alexander Hamilton Rice: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Manufacturer  Search this

Alexander Hamilton Rice: Politics and Government\Public official\Mayor\Boston, MA  Search this

John Crispell: Male  Search this

John Crispell: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Crispell: Business and Finance\Banker  Search this

John Crispell: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Maryland  Search this

John Crispell: Politics and Government\Government official\Postmaster\Postmaster General\US Postmaster General  Search this

John Crispell: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Maryland  Search this

John Crispell: Politics and Government\Government official\Postmaster\Postmaster General  Search this

John Crispell: Politics and Government\US Senator\Maryland  Search this

James Kennedy Moorhead: Male  Search this

James Kennedy Moorhead: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Pennsylvania  Search this

James Kennedy Moorhead: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Company president  Search this

James Kennedy Moorhead: Crafts and Trades\Leatherworker\Tanner  Search this

James Kennedy Moorhead: Science and Technology\Contractor  Search this

John Bassett Alley: Male  Search this

John Bassett Alley: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Massachusetts  Search this

John Bassett Alley: Politics and Government\State Senator\Massachusetts  Search this

John Bassett Alley: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Railroad  Search this

John Bassett Alley: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Manufacturer\Shoe  Search this

John Bassett Alley: Crafts and Trades\Cobbler  Search this

John Bassett Alley: Business and Finance\Transportation\Riverboat captain  Search this

Calvin Tilden Hulburd: Male  Search this

Calvin Tilden Hulburd: Politics and Government\State Legislator\New York  Search this

Calvin Tilden Hulburd: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Calvin Tilden Hulburd: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

Thomas Dawes Eliot: Male  Search this

Thomas Dawes Eliot: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Thomas Dawes Eliot: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Massachusetts  Search this

Thomas Dawes Eliot: Politics and Government\State Senator\Massachusetts  Search this

Thomas Dawes Eliot: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Massachusetts  Search this

James Madison Marvin: Male  Search this

James Madison Marvin: Politics and Government\State Legislator\New York  Search this

James Madison Marvin: Business and Finance\Banker  Search this

James Madison Marvin: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

James Madison Marvin: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Hotelier  Search this

John Ashley Griswold: Male  Search this

John Ashley Griswold: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Ashley Griswold: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

John Ashley Griswold: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

Thomas Williams: Male  Search this

Thomas Williams: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Thomas Williams: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Pennsylvania  Search this

Thomas Williams: Politics and Government\State Senator\Pennsylvania  Search this

Thomas Treadwell Davis: Male  Search this

Thomas Treadwell Davis: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Thomas Treadwell Davis: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

Moses Fowler Odell: Male  Search this

Moses Fowler Odell: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

Moses Fowler Odell: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Appraiser  Search this

Augustus Brandegee: Male  Search this

Augustus Brandegee: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Augustus Brandegee: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Connecticut  Search this

Augustus Brandegee: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Connecticut  Search this

Alexander Hamilton Coffroth: Male  Search this

Alexander Hamilton Coffroth: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Alexander Hamilton Coffroth: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Pennsylvania  Search this

Alexander Hamilton Coffroth: Journalism and Media\Newspaper publisher  Search this

William Radford: Male  Search this

William Radford: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

William Radford: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

William Barrett Washburn: Male  Search this

William Barrett Washburn: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Massachusetts  Search this

William Barrett Washburn: Politics and Government\Governor\Massachusetts  Search this

William Barrett Washburn: Business and Finance\Banker  Search this

William Barrett Washburn: Politics and Government\State Senator\Massachusetts  Search this

William Barrett Washburn: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\University administrator\University trustee  Search this

William Barrett Washburn: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Railroad  Search this

William Barrett Washburn: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Manufacturer  Search this

William Barrett Washburn: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Massachusetts  Search this

William Barrett Washburn: Politics and Government\US Senator\Massachusetts  Search this

Godlove Stein Orth: Male  Search this

Godlove Stein Orth: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Godlove Stein Orth: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Captain  Search this

Godlove Stein Orth: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

Godlove Stein Orth: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Indiana  Search this

Godlove Stein Orth: Politics and Government\State Senator\Indiana  Search this

William Harrison Randall: Male  Search this

William Harrison Randall: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

William Harrison Randall: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

William Harrison Randall: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Kentucky  Search this

Glenni William Scofield: Male  Search this

Glenni William Scofield: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Glenni William Scofield: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Pennsylvania  Search this

Glenni William Scofield: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Glenni William Scofield: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

Glenni William Scofield: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Pennsylvania  Search this

Glenni William Scofield: Crafts and Trades\Printer  Search this

Glenni William Scofield: Politics and Government\State Senator\Pennsylvania  Search this

DeWitt Clinton Littlejohn: Male  Search this

DeWitt Clinton Littlejohn: Politics and Government\State Legislator\New York  Search this

DeWitt Clinton Littlejohn: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Manufacturer  Search this

DeWitt Clinton Littlejohn: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Brigadier General  Search this

DeWitt Clinton Littlejohn: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

DeWitt Clinton Littlejohn: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

DeWitt Clinton Littlejohn: Politics and Government\Government official\Postmaster  Search this

DeWitt Clinton Littlejohn: Politics and Government\Public official\Mayor\Oswego, NY  Search this

George Helm Yeaman: Male  Search this

George Helm Yeaman: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

George Helm Yeaman: Literature\Writer  Search this

George Helm Yeaman: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Lecturer  Search this

George Helm Yeaman: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

George Helm Yeaman: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Kentucky  Search this

George Helm Yeaman: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Kentucky  Search this

Lucian Anderson: Male  Search this

Lucian Anderson: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Lucian Anderson: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Kentucky  Search this

Lucian Anderson: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Kentucky  Search this

John Hovey Rice: Male  Search this

John Hovey Rice: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Hovey Rice: Law and Crime\Police\Sheriff  Search this

John Hovey Rice: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

John Hovey Rice: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Maine  Search this

John Benedict Steele: Male  Search this

John Benedict Steele: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Benedict Steele: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

John Benedict Steele: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

John Farson Starr: Male  Search this

John Farson Starr: Business and Finance\Banker  Search this

John Farson Starr: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

John Farson Starr: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New Jersey  Search this

John Farson Starr: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Manufacturer\Iron  Search this

Walter Duncan McIndoe: Male  Search this

Walter Duncan McIndoe: Business and Finance\Businessperson  Search this

Walter Duncan McIndoe: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Lumber  Search this

Walter Duncan McIndoe: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Wisconsin  Search this

John Fletcher Driggs: Male  Search this

John Fletcher Driggs: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Colonel  Search this

John Fletcher Driggs: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Real estate agent  Search this

John Fletcher Driggs: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Manufacturer  Search this

John Fletcher Driggs: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Michigan  Search this

John Fletcher Driggs: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Michigan  Search this

John Fletcher Driggs: Crafts and Trades\Mechanic  Search this

John Fletcher Driggs: Crafts and Trades\Carpenter  Search this

Homer Augustus Nelson: Male  Search this

Homer Augustus Nelson: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Homer Augustus Nelson: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Colonel  Search this

Homer Augustus Nelson: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Homer Augustus Nelson: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

Homer Augustus Nelson: Politics and Government\State Senator\New York  Search this

Samuel Franklin Miller: Male  Search this

Samuel Franklin Miller: Politics and Government\State Legislator\New York  Search this

Samuel Franklin Miller: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Samuel Franklin Miller: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist  Search this

Samuel Franklin Miller: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this

Samuel Franklin Miller: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Colonel  Search this

Samuel Franklin Miller: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Lumber  Search this

Samuel Franklin Miller: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

Ezra Wheeler: Male  Search this

Ezra Wheeler: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Ezra Wheeler: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Ezra Wheeler: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Wisconsin  Search this

Ezra Wheeler: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Wisconsin  Search this

Ambrose Williams Clark: Male  Search this

Ambrose Williams Clark: Politics and Government\Diplomat  Search this

Ambrose Williams Clark: Journalism and Media\Newspaper publisher  Search this

Ambrose Williams Clark: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

Amos Myers: Male  Search this

Amos Myers: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Amos Myers: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Pennsylvania  Search this

Amos Myers: Religion and Spirituality\Clergy\Minister  Search this

Thomas Bowles Shannon: Male  Search this

Thomas Bowles Shannon: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

Thomas Bowles Shannon: Politics and Government\Government official\Surveyor  Search this

Thomas Bowles Shannon: Politics and Government\US Congressman\California  Search this

Thomas Bowles Shannon: Politics and Government\State Legislator\California  Search this

Abel Carter Wilder: Male  Search this

Abel Carter Wilder: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Captain  Search this

Abel Carter Wilder: Journalism and Media\Newspaper publisher  Search this

Abel Carter Wilder: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

Abel Carter Wilder: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Kansas  Search this

Abel Carter Wilder: Politics and Government\Public official\Mayor\Rochester, NY  Search this

Abel Carter Wilder: Business and Finance\Banker\Bank director  Search this

Frederick Enoch Woodbridge: Male  Search this

Frederick Enoch Woodbridge: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Frederick Enoch Woodbridge: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Railroad  Search this

Frederick Enoch Woodbridge: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Vermont  Search this

Frederick Enoch Woodbridge: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Vermont  Search this

Frederick Enoch Woodbridge: Politics and Government\State Senator\Vermont  Search this

Frederick Enoch Woodbridge: Politics and Government\Public official\Mayor\Vergennes, VT  Search this

Frederick Augustus Pike: Male  Search this

Frederick Augustus Pike: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Frederick Augustus Pike: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Maine  Search this

Frederick Augustus Pike: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Maine  Search this

Frederick Augustus Pike: Politics and Government\Public official\Mayor\Calais, ME  Search this

John Franklin Fransworth: Male  Search this

John Franklin Fransworth: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Franklin Fransworth: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Brigadier General  Search this

John Franklin Fransworth: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Illinois  Search this

John Ganson: Male  Search this

John Ganson: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Ganson: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Railroad  Search this

John Ganson: Politics and Government\US Congressman\New York  Search this

John Ganson: Politics and Government\State Senator\New York  Search this

John Denison Baldwin: Male  Search this

John Denison Baldwin: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Massachusetts  Search this

John Denison Baldwin: Religion and Spirituality\Clergy\Pastor  Search this

John Denison Baldwin: Journalism and Media\Journalist\Reporter\Newspaper  Search this

John Denison Baldwin: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Massachusetts  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Loan: Male  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Loan: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Loan: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Brigadier General  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Loan: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Missouri  Search this

Green Clay Smith: Male  Search this

Green Clay Smith: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Green Clay Smith: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\General  Search this

Green Clay Smith: Religion and Spirituality\Clergy\Minister  Search this

Green Clay Smith: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Kentucky  Search this

Green Clay Smith: Religion and Spirituality\Preacher\Evangelist  Search this

Green Clay Smith: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Kentucky  Search this

Green Clay Smith: Politics and Government\Governor\Montana  Search this

Wells Andrews Hutchins: Male  Search this

Wells Andrews Hutchins: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Wells Andrews Hutchins: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

Wells Andrews Hutchins: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Ohio  Search this

Wells Andrews Hutchins: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Ohio  Search this

Henry Champion Deming: Male  Search this

Henry Champion Deming: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Henry Champion Deming: Literature\Writer  Search this

Henry Champion Deming: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Colonel  Search this

Henry Champion Deming: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Connecticut  Search this

Henry Champion Deming: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Connecticut  Search this

Henry Champion Deming: Politics and Government\State Senator\Connecticut  Search this

Henry Champion Deming: Politics and Government\Public official\Mayor\Hartford, CT  Search this

Henry Champion Deming: Politics and Government\Public official\Mayor\New Orleans, LA  Search this

Samuel Knox: Male  Search this

Samuel Knox: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Samuel Knox: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Missouri  Search this

Sempronius Hamilton Boyd: Male  Search this

Sempronius Hamilton Boyd: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Sempronius Hamilton Boyd: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Colonel  Search this

Sempronius Hamilton Boyd: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Sempronius Hamilton Boyd: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

Sempronius Hamilton Boyd: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Railroad  Search this

Sempronius Hamilton Boyd: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Missouri  Search this

Sempronius Hamilton Boyd: Politics and Government\Diplomat\Minister  Search this

Sempronius Hamilton Boyd: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Industrialist\Manufacturer\Wagon  Search this

Sempronius Hamilton Boyd: Natural Resource Occupations\Prospector  Search this

Sempronius Hamilton Boyd: Politics and Government\Public official\Mayor\Springfield, MO  Search this

Edgar Cowan: Male  Search this

Edgar Cowan: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Edgar Cowan: Politics and Government\US Senator\Pennsylvania  Search this

Edgar Cowan: Crafts and Trades\Boat builder  Search this

James Dixon: Male  Search this

James Dixon: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

James Dixon: Literature\Writer  Search this

James Dixon: Politics and Government\US Senator\Connecticut  Search this

James Dixon: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Connecticut  Search this

James Dixon: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Connecticut  Search this

Peter Godwin Van Winkle: Male  Search this

Peter Godwin Van Winkle: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Peter Godwin Van Winkle: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Railroad  Search this

Peter Godwin Van Winkle: Politics and Government\US Senator\West Virginia  Search this

James Willis Nesmith: Male  Search this

James Willis Nesmith: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

James Willis Nesmith: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this

James Willis Nesmith: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Colonel  Search this

James Willis Nesmith: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

James Willis Nesmith: Politics and Government\US Senator\Oregon  Search this

James Willis Nesmith: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Livestock  Search this

James Willis Nesmith: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Oregon  Search this

Waitman Thomas Willey: Male  Search this

Waitman Thomas Willey: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Waitman Thomas Willey: Politics and Government\US Senator\Virginia  Search this

Waitman Thomas Willey: Politics and Government\US Senator\West Virginia  Search this

Morton Smith Wilkinson: Male  Search this

Morton Smith Wilkinson: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Morton Smith Wilkinson: Politics and Government\US Senator\Minnesota  Search this

Morton Smith Wilkinson: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Minnesota  Search this

Morton Smith Wilkinson: Politics and Government\State Senator\Minnesota  Search this

Morton Smith Wilkinson: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Minnesota  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Harding: Male  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Harding: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Harding: Natural Resource Occupations\Agriculturist\Farmer  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Harding: Politics and Government\US Senator\Oregon  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Harding: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Oregon  Search this

John Conness: Male  Search this

John Conness: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

John Conness: Politics and Government\US Senator\California  Search this

John Conness: Natural Resource Occupations\Miner  Search this

John Conness: Politics and Government\State Legislator\California  Search this

John Conness: Crafts and Trades\Pianoforte maker  Search this

Ira Harris: Male  Search this

Ira Harris: Politics and Government\State Legislator\New York  Search this

Ira Harris: Politics and Government\US Senator\New York  Search this

Ira Harris: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Ira Harris: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Lecturer  Search this

Ira Harris: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Professor\College  Search this

Ira Harris: Law and Crime\Jurist  Search this

Ira Harris: Politics and Government\State Senator\New York  Search this

Ira Harris: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\State Supreme Court Justice\New York  Search this

Samuel Clarke Pomeroy: Male  Search this

Samuel Clarke Pomeroy: Business and Finance\Financier  Search this

Samuel Clarke Pomeroy: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Massachusetts  Search this

Samuel Clarke Pomeroy: Politics and Government\US Senator\Kansas  Search this

Samuel Clarke Pomeroy: Politics and Government\Public official\Mayor\Atchison, KS  Search this

James Gillespie Blaine: Male  Search this

James Gillespie Blaine: Politics and Government\Presidential candidate  Search this

James Gillespie Blaine: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Speaker of the House  Search this

James Gillespie Blaine: Journalism and Media\Newspaper editor  Search this

James Gillespie Blaine: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

James Gillespie Blaine: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of State  Search this

James Gillespie Blaine: Politics and Government\US Senator\Maine  Search this

James Gillespie Blaine: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Maine  Search this

James Gillespie Blaine: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Maine  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Wade: Male  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Wade: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Wade: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Wade: Education and Scholarship\Educator\Teacher  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Wade: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Business executive\Railroad  Search this

Benjamin Franklin Wade: Politics and Government\US Senator\Ohio  Search this

William Pitt Fessenden: Male  Search this

William Pitt Fessenden: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

William Pitt Fessenden: Literature\Writer  Search this

William Pitt Fessenden: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of Treasury  Search this

William Pitt Fessenden: Politics and Government\US Senator\Maine  Search this

William Pitt Fessenden: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Maine  Search this

William Pitt Fessenden: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Maine  Search this

Lyman Trumbull: Male  Search this

Lyman Trumbull: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Lyman Trumbull: Politics and Government\US Senator\Illinois  Search this

Lyman Trumbull: Politics and Government\State Legislator\Illinois  Search this

Lyman Trumbull: Law and Crime\Judge\Justice\State Supreme Court Justice\Illinois  Search this

John Sherman: Male  Search this

John Sherman: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

John Sherman: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of Treasury  Search this

John Sherman: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Ohio  Search this

John Sherman: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of State  Search this

John Sherman: Politics and Government\US Senator\Ohio  Search this

John Sherman: Politics and Government\US Senator\Majority Leader  Search this

John Sherman: Politics and Government\US Senator\Minority Leader  Search this

John Sherman: Politics and Government\Politician  Search this

Abraham Lincoln: Male  Search this

Abraham Lincoln: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

Abraham Lincoln: Military and Intelligence\Soldier  Search this

Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\President of US  Search this

Abraham Lincoln: Society and Social Change\Reformer\Environmentalist  Search this

Abraham Lincoln: Business and Finance\Businessperson\Merchant  Search this

Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Illinois  Search this

Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\Government official\Surveyor  Search this

Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\State Senator\Illinois  Search this

Abraham Lincoln: Politics and Government\Government official\Postmaster  Search this

Abraham Lincoln: Crafts and Trades\Boat builder  Search this

James Harlan: Male  Search this

James Harlan: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

James Harlan: Law and Crime\Judge  Search this

James Harlan: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of Interior  Search this

James Harlan: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\School administrator  Search this

James Harlan: Education and Scholarship\Administrator\College administrator\President  Search this

James Harlan: Politics and Government\US Senator\Iowa  Search this

William Windom: Male  Search this

William Windom: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this

William Windom: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of Treasury  Search this

William Windom: Politics and Government\US Senator\Minnesota  Search this

William Windom: Politics and Government\US Congressman\Minnesota  Search this

Portrait  Search this

Credit Line:

National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution; gift of John O'Brien

Object number:

NPG.91.207

Restrictions & Rights:

CC0

See more items in:

National Portrait Gallery Collection

Data Source:

National Portrait Gallery

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm448742bca-3f29-4802-993c-4d7d5601bc38

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:npg_NPG.91.207

Owner:

McFarland, J. Horace (John Horace), 1859-1948  Search this

Collection Creator:

McFarland, J. Horace (John Horace), 1859-1948  Search this

American Rose Society  Search this

Extent:

1 Lantern slide (col., 3 x 5 in.)

Type:

Archival materials

Lantern slides

Place:

United States of America -- Pennsylvania -- Dauphin County -- Harrisburg

Breeze Hill (Harrisburg, Pennsylvania)

Date:

11/27/1931

Collection Restrictions:

Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Rights:

Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Topic:

Stairs  Search this

Walkways  Search this

Winter  Search this

Snow  Search this

Climbing plants  Search this

Signs and signboards  Search this

Gardens -- Pennsylvania -- Harrisburg  Search this

Arches  Search this

Gates -- Iron  Search this

Genre/Form:

Lantern slides

Collection Citation:

Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, J. Horace McFarland Company Collection.

Identifier:

AAG.MCF, Item PA083017

See more items in:

J. Horace McFarland Company collection

J. Horace McFarland Company collection / Series 1: Garden Images / United States / Pennsylvania / PA083: Harrisburg -- Breeze Hill

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Gardens

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb66090ab03-d906-4558-98de-811aa7149900

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-aag-mcf-ref11918

Architect:

Wood, Eric Fisher  Search this

Neale, Alice E.  Search this

Landscape architect:

Cowell, Arthur W.  Search this

Owner:

Laughlin, Alexander  Search this

Creator:

Ladd, Anna Coleman, 1878-1939 (sculptor)  Search this

Collection Creator:

McFarland, J. Horace (John Horace), 1859-1948  Search this

American Rose Society  Search this

Extent:

1 Slides (photographs) (glass lantern, col., 3 x 5 in.)

1 Photographic print ((mounted on cardboard), black and white, mount 8.5 x 10.5 in.)

Type:

Archival materials

Slides (photographs)

Photographic prints

Place:

United States of America -- Pennsylvania -- Allegheny County -- Sewickley

Date:

05/26/1937

General:

Black and white print and hand-tinted glass lantern slide versions.

Collection Restrictions:

Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Rights:

Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Topic:

Finials  Search this

Walls, brick  Search this

Walkways, flagstone  Search this

Birds -- Design elements  Search this

Sculpture  Search this

Stairs, stone  Search this

Sundials  Search this

Gates -- Iron  Search this

Flowering shrubs  Search this

Piers  Search this

Collection Citation:

Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, J. Horace McFarland Company Collection.

Identifier:

AAG.MCF, Item PA077001

See more items in:

J. Horace McFarland Company collection

J. Horace McFarland Company collection / Series 1: Garden Images / United States / Pennsylvania / PA077: Sewickley -- Linganore

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Gardens

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6377d9eab-4b2e-4ff4-84a9-4a98f361d848

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-aag-mcf-ref14452

Physical Description:

iron, cast (body, slug material)

iron, wrought (handle, rod material)

walnut (grip material)

Measurements:

overall: 5 1/4 in x 4 1/2 in x 3 1/4 in; 13.335 cm x 11.43 cm x 8.255 cm

Object Name:

flatiron

Place made:

United Kingdom: England

Place used:

United States: Pennsylvania

Associated Place:

United States: Pennsylvania

Date made:

1750 - 1825

Subject:

Household Tools and Equipment  Search this

Laundry  Search this

Credit Line:

B. A. Bean

ID Number:

DL.206401

Catalog number:

206401

Accession number:

36933

See more items in:

Home and Community Life: Domestic Life

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a1-1009-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_311795

Maker:

Henry Troemner  Search this

Measurements:

weight 1:;

weight 2:;

weight 3:;

pan: 102 mm; x 4 in

overall: 19.8 cm x 10.2 cm x 27.4 cm; 7 13/16 in x 4 in x 10 13/16 in

dish: 93 mm; x 3 11/16 in

overall: scale: 7 3/4 in x 10 1/4 in x 3 3/4 in; 19.685 cm x 26.035 cm x 9.525 cm

overall: weights, in container: 2 in x 1 1/2 in; 5.08 cm x 3.81 cm

Object Name:

Trip Scale

Object Type:

Scales

Place made:

United States: Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Date made:

late nineteenth century

Subject:

Weights & Measures  Search this

ID Number:

CH.337121

Catalog number:

337121

Accession number:

1979.0026

See more items in:

Medicine and Science: Chemistry

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a0-e609-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_2989

Maker:

Henry Troemner  Search this

Measurements:

plate 1: 20 cm; x 7 7/8 in

overall: 29 cm x 51 cm x 26 cm; 11 7/16 in x 20 1/16 in x 10 1/4 in

plate 2: 29 cm; x 11 7/16 in

overall: 11 1/4 in x 20 in x 10 in; 28.575 cm x 50.8 cm x 25.4 cm

Object Name:

Balance

Object Type:

Scales

Balances

Place made:

United States: Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Date made:

late nineteenth century

mid-nineteenth century

Subject:

Weights & Measures  Search this

ID Number:

CH.337123

Catalog number:

337123

Accession number:

1979.0363

See more items in:

Medicine and Science: Chemistry

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a0-e60a-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_2991

Maker:

F. G. Otto & Sons  Search this

Physical Description:

wood (overall material)

metal (overall material)

metal, brass (overall material)

metal (overall material)

metal, iron (overall material)

mercury bisulphate (overall material)

cord, cotton (overall material)

Measurements:

overall: 1 1/2 in x 6 in x 3 3/4 in; 3.81 cm x 15.24 cm x 9.525 cm

Object Name:

electrotherapeutic apparatus

electrotherapy coll object

battery, faradic current

Place made:

United States: Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

United States: Pennsylvania, Pittsburgh

Date made:

1880 - 1889

Credit Line:

Gift of The Medical and Chirurgical Faculty of the State of Maryland

ID Number:

MG.302606.031

Accession number:

302606

Catalog number:

302606.031

M-14161

See more items in:

Medicine and Science: Medicine

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b4-3fe2-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_1374885

Photographer:

Choate, John N., of Carlisle, Pennsylvania  Search this

Anderson, J. A.  Search this

Creator:

Northwestern Photographic Company  Search this

Names:

Anderson, W. W.  Search this

Berht, Stella  Search this

Black Bear, Carrie  Search this

Calls Horse Looking  Search this

Cleveland, William Joshua, 1845-1910  Search this

Flood, Thomas  Search this

Four Horn, Charlotte  Search this

Galiego, Louisa  Search this

Gallagher, H. D. Col  Search this

Good Nation, Laura  Search this

Hand, Emma  Search this

Horse Looking, Irene  Search this

Iron Eagle Feather  Search this

Jackson, Sheldon, 1834-1909  Search this

Little Bull  Search this

Low, Adelia  Search this

McChesney, Charles E.  Search this

McLaughlin, James Major  Search this

Pratt, Richard Henry, 1840-1924  Search this

Shields, John  Search this

Spence, L. F. Agent  Search this

Standing Bear, Victoria  Search this

Townsend, Harvey  Search this

Two Dogs, Isabella  Search this

Wells, Mark  Search this

White Bear, Rosa  Search this

White Birch, Katie  Search this

White Horse  Search this

White Thunder, Rosa  Search this

Wilson, Susan  Search this

Wright, John V. Judge  Search this

Extent:

44 Prints (mounted)

Culture:

Dakota Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Prints

Date:

undated

Scope and Contents:

Photographs of Carlisle by J. N. Choate, three Rosebud Agency photographs by J. A. Anderson, the rest unidentified as to photographer. The photographs probably date between 1880 and 1895.

Catalog Number 4574: Letter of 3/21/58 from Richard A. Pohrt (donor): "...eleven photographs from the Indian School at Carlisle. Pa. These I am certain were all taken by J. N. Choates [Choate], a photographer who had a studio at 21 West Main St., Carlisle, Pa." (1) Carlisle Indian School "The dining hall, Indian Training School" (Original Number 45) Photographer: J. H. Choate, Carlisle, Pa. (2) Carlisle Indian School "Sheldon Jackson, John Shields and Harvey Townsend, Pueblos." (Original Number 70) J. N. Choate, Carlisle, Pa. (3) Carlisle Indian School "Pine Ridge Boys" (Original Number 155) (caption written by hand) J. N. Choate, Carlisle, Pa. (4) Carlisle Indian School "After School; Indian Training School, Carlisle, Pa." (written by hand). (Original Number 163) J. N. Choate, Carlisle, Pa. (5) Carlisle Indian School Group of students, presumably of Carlisle School. Labeled on back (by hand) as follows: "No. 1 White Horse Little Bull "No. 2 Calls Horse Looking "No. 3 Brule Iron Eagle Feather "No 4 Stella Berht "No. 5 Rosa White Thunder "No 6 Irene Horse Looking "No 7 Laura Good Nation Compliments of Capt. Pratt, E." J. N. Choate, Carlisle, Pa. (?) (6) Carlisle Indian School Group of girls, presumably students at Carlisle School. Labled by hand as follows; left to right, row 1 (kneeling) Emma Hand, Rosa White Bear (dead), Isabella Two Dogs, Louisa Galiego (Pine Ridge). Row 2, (sitting) Carrie Black Bear, Susan Wilson (S sister [?]), Charlotte Four Horn, Esther Side [?] Bear. Row 3 (standing) Katie White Birch, Adelia Low, Victoria Standing Bear, Martha Bordeaux [?], Mose Dion [?]. J. N. Choate, Carlisle, Pa. (?). (7) Carlisle Indian School Group of boys, presumably students at Carlisle School. J. N. Choate, Carlisle, Pa. (?). (8) "Girl's Quarters, Carlisle Barracks" [Choate Broadside, No 78?] J. N. Choate, Carlisle, Pa. (?). (9) "School Rooms, Carlisle Barracks." [Choate broadside, No. 80 ?].

Catalog Number 4574: (10) Carlisle Indian School "Cap't Pratt's House and Chapel." [Choate broadside, No. 82 ?] Captain Pratt near steps. J. N. Choate, Carlisle, Pa. (11) Carlisle Indian School (?) "Band of Indian Boys at the Government School, Washington, D. C." ("Popular Series"). Stereoscopic view. Probably copy of Choate No. 76, erroneously labeled. [See Choate broadside, B.A.E. Catalog Number 4241.] J. N. Choate, Carlisle, Pa (?) (See R. A. Pohrt correspondence, 9/24/59). (12) Tribe: Dakota (Oglalla ?) "High Hawk." Resembles closely the man identified as High Hawk in Signal Corps Photograph at National Archives (No. 101549). Only slight resemblance to S. I. Negative 42,827. He must have been considerably older when the latter was taken if they are the same person. J. N. Choate, Carlisle, Pa. (13) Dakota:Agency Personnel, various agencies Seated left to right: Reverend William J. Cleveland (Episcopal missionary and sometime agent at Rosebud-- See Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 5, page 20 for biography), Captain Richard Henry Pratt (Chairman), and Judge John V. Wright of Tennessee, -- the three composed the 2nd commission to the Sioux, 1888. (For account of the commission see Eastman, "Pratt, the Redman's Moses," University of Oklahoma Press, 1935). (Identified from BAE Negative Number "Portraits 13-b"). No date, but because of the 3 main figures, suggests ca. 1888. Standing. left to right: , (appears third from left in S. I. Negative 43,563-- identified more clearly in original prints of same group National Archives-- N. A. Numbers 86-1, 86-2, 87), Col. H. D. Gallagher, Agent Pine Ridge (same ident. source), Major W. W. Anderson, agent at Crow Creek and Lower Brule; for a Mark Wells see Negative 3307-c, Dr C. E. McChesney, agent at Cheyenne River Agency (Number 14, in row 5.), Major James McLaughlin, Agent Standing Rock Reservation, Col. L. F. Spence, Agent Rosebud Agency (identified from S. I. Negative 43,563). No date, but because of the 3 main figures, suggests ca. 1888.

Catalog Number 4574: (14) Dakota: Agency Personnel Seated: Col. L. F. Spence, Agent at Rosebud, (identified from S. I. Negative 43,563) Standing: unidentified, but compare with 4574: (28), below. (15) Dakota: Pine Ridge Agency Labeled in pencil, "Agent's Dwelling, Pine Ridge Agency, D. T." (Verified by numerous views of the Agency in the National Archives). Two Indian Policemen on porch. Water tower behind house. (16) Dakota: Pine Ridge Agency ? Distant view of Agency, almost certainly Pine Ridge (compare with original prints catalog Number 4464. "Pine Ridge Agency from the North in 1891"). Print marked in pencil, "Fort Niobrara, Nebraska Territory"-- erroneous ? Northwestern Photographic Co, Chadron, Nebraska (17) Dakota: Rosebud Agency "No. 4 St Francis' Mission, Rosebud Agency, S. D., West Side." Church and school, one wing in process of being built. Print not marked. Received in package marked by donor, "J. A. Anderson." (18) Dakota: Rosebud Agency "No 7. Birds-eye view of St Francis Mission. Rosebud Agency, S. D." Print not marked. Received in package marked by donor,"J. A. Anderson." (19) Dakota: Rosebud Agency "No 8. Fathers and Brothers of St Francis Mission. Rosebud Agency, S. D." J. A. Anderson, Rosebud Agency, S. D. (20) Dakota: Rosebud Agency View of Rosebud Agency, and garden, from the South (if 17 above correct). Must have been taken prior to the Anderson photograph, since the new wing is not in evidence. (Identified from 17 and 18.) (21) Dakota: Rosebud Agency Nuns with large group of students in school uniforms, (St Francis Mission, Rosebud Agency ?) Little white girl in front row looks like one in 4574: (32) below, and possibly same as in 4574: (31).

Catalog Number 4574 (22) Dakota: Rosebud Agency "View at Rosebud Agency. May 8th 1892." This series of "row" houses corresponds, perhaps, to ones in J. A. Anderson's Among the Sioux, "A typical Indian Agency" (BAE temporary 77). Note "Police Station " sign. 1892. (23) Dakota: Rosebud Agency Agent's house, Rosebud Agency (identified from Negative Number 43,791-B). Standing in front, left to right: , , Col. L. F. Spence, Agent (identified from S, I, Negative 43,563 and National Archives' prints of same group), , , . (24) Boy on horse in front of agent's dwelling, Rosebud Agency. (House, and thus agency, identified from S. I. Negative 43,791-B and others). (25) Dakota: Rosebud Agency Group of Indian Police, civilian men, women, and children around flag pole in front of agent's house (identified from S. I. Negative 43,791-B), Rosebud Agency. Reverend William J. Cleveland (with whiskers and derby) in back row, 2nd to right of flagpole. (Indentified from BAE Negative Number "Portraits 13-b.") (26) Dakota: Rosebud Agency Distant view of agent's dwelling and unidentified home and/or school to the left of it. Copy in negative catalog made from another original print. See Negative Number 43,791-C.

Catalog Number 4574: (27) Dakota: Rosebud Agency Unidentified home and/or school to left of agent's dwelling (see 4574:(26) above, then 43,791-B), large group of men in front of building. Possibly Reverend William J. Cleveland, (note whiskers) on porch, 3rd from right. (28) Dakota: Rosebud Agency (?) Agency personnel (?), including Indian police. 4th from left, front row: Col. L. F. Spence, Agent at Rosebud (identified from S. I. Negative 43,563). 5th from left, front row: same as man on right in 4574: (14) (?). 2nd from left, 2nd row: same as man on left in 4574: (14) (?). 2nd from right, 2nd row: Thomas Flood, Interpreter (identified from S. I. Negative 43,563). Indentification as Rosebud Agency rests primarily upon the presence of Spence. See Negative Number 45,793-B. (29) Dakota: Rosebud Agency (?) Large building, with chapel, set in open area. Built 1885 (date on front gable). In front are 5 women (one on horse) 3 children, three men; Rev. William J. Cleveland at extreme left (identified from BAE Negative Number "Portraits" 13-b). May be Saint Mary's Mission Boarding School for Sioux Boys and Girls, 12 miles from Rosebud Agency, on Antelope Creek, Dakota Territory, for the following reasons: 1. The building is a self-contained unit--including a chapel--and there are no other buildings in view. 2. The building is dated 1885. Pilling, in Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 5, 1887 states that Cleveland had at that time been principal of Saint Mary's for 2 years, which fits neatly with the 1885 date. (30) Dakota: Rosebud Agency (?) Side view of same building as in 4574: (29). Several women and children in foreground. Reverend William J. Cleveland holding horses (identified from BAE Negative Number "Portraits" 13-b), and one other man. See 4574:(29) above.

Catalog Number 4574: The following photographs (4574: (31-39)), along with a group of similar photographs in the National Archives, seem to establish a consistent pattern in the location and structure of agency school facilities. In general, the schools were small frame buildings, apparently widely scattered over the agencies, each with a small frame house for the teaching couple and family. (31) Dakota: Agency Unidentified Frame school (?) building. In foreground, group of students with teachers (man and woman--and their little girl ?), and Indian police. (32) Dakota: Agency Unidentified Group of students with teachers (man and woman--and their child) in front of frame school (?) house. Also an Indian Policeman. (33) Dakota: Agency unidentified Group of students with teachers (man and woman) and Indian Police in front of frame school (?) house. White man on right appears to be identical with the first man on left in S. I. Negative 43,563, Sioux delegation to Washington, 1888. (34) Dakota: Agency unidentified Group of students with teachers (man and woman) in front of frame school (?) house. Also an Indian Policeman. (35) Dakota: Agency unidentified Frame school (?) building. In foreground a group of students with teacher(s). (36) Dakota: Agency unidentified Frame school (?) with group of students and teacher in the foreground. The teacher is the same as in 4574:(36), as are many of the pupils. (37) Dakota: Agency unidentified Teachers (and their child) with group of students in front of frame school building. (See 4574: (38) for identity as school.) (38) Dakota: Agency unidentified School building (and teachers' dwelling ?) with man, woman, and child (same ones as in 4574: (37) above) in front, and two Indian men at side. 2 duplicate prints.

Catalog Number 4574: (39) Dakota: Agency unidentified Teacher's dwelling-schoolhouse complex with one or two scattered cabins in the foreground. Follows what appears to be the typical pattern of small, widely scattered schools. (40) Dakota: Agency unidentified Frame building. Function ? Odd door on back and man standing in doorway suggest this might be an exterior view of 4574: (41). (41) Dakota: Agency Unidentified Pine Ridge (?) or Rosebud (?) Slaughter house (?), interior view, with three men, one an Indian. One man looks like Col. H. D. Gallagher, Pine Ridge Agent. But the print was among a group of views mainly from Rosebud Agency. (42) Dakota: Agency Unidentified Large group of uniformed Indian Police on horseback in front of frame buildings. Agency might be: 1. Standing Rock ? Man front row, left looks like Red Tomahawk. 2. Pine Ridge ? But the men aren't posed in same area of agency where other PR Police pictures were taken. Also the men in this picture have more uniform uniforms than are shown in PR pictures. (See Original Prints, "temporary" Number 29, and Catalog Number 4544: (59, 60).) 3. Rosebud ? (43) Dakota: Agency Unidentified Indian Police, same uniform, same agency, same building, as 4574: (42). Also additional evidence for identifying Agency as Standing Rock: compare officers to those in BAE Negative Number 3711-e. See Negative Number 45,793. (44) Dakota Badlands scenery. "In general it seems to resemble the badlands of southwestern South Dakota not far distant from Pine Ridge and Rosebud Reservations."--Information from John C. Ewers, 4/5/60.

Biographical / Historical:

Pohrt states, "I believe they were taken about 1890. Some are identified and many are not, but I have reason to believe that the majority were taken on the Rosebud and Pine Ridge Reservations in South Dakota. They are of school children, Indian Police, Agency buildings, etc." See correspondence in Smithsonian Institution-Bureau of American Ethnology files.

Local Numbers:

NAA MS 4574

Local Note:

Filed: Original Prints: Carlisle Indian School; Dakota.

Topic:

Photographs  Search this

Federal-Indian relations -- Agencies  Search this

Education -- Carlisle Indian School  Search this

Sioux  Search this

Citation:

Manuscript 4574, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.MS4574

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3d018cb80-1871-4a77-abaf-7a2601ccfe2d

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-ms4574

Creator:

Ayer (N W) Incorporated.  Search this

Names:

American Telephone and Telegraph Company -- Advertisements  Search this

Cunningham & Walsh.  Search this

Hixson & Jorgenson  Search this

United Air Lines, Inc. -- Advertisements  Search this

Ayer, Francis Wayland  Search this

De Kooning, Willem, 1904-1997  Search this

O'Keeffe, Georgia, 1887-1986  Search this

Extent:

270 Cubic feet (1463 boxes, 33 map-folders, 7 films)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Business records

Interviews

Oral history

Print advertising

Proof sheets

Proofs (printed matter)

Scrapbooks

Trade literature

Tear sheets

Advertisements

Date:

1817-1851

1869-2006

Summary:

Collection consists of records documenting one of the oldest advertising agencies created in Philadelphia. The company then moves to New York and expanses to international markets. During its history NW Ayer & Sons acquires a number of other advertising agencies and is eventually purchased. The largest portion of the collection is print advertisements but also includes radio and television. NW Ayer is known for some of the slogans created for major American companies.

Scope and Contents:

The collection consists primarily of proof sheets of advertisements created by NW Ayer & Son, Incorporated for their clients. These materials are in series one through thirteen and consist primarily of print advertisements. There are also billboards, radio and television commercials. The advertisements range from consumer to corporate and industrial products. The majority of the advertisements were created for Ayer's New York, Chicago, Los Angeles and international offices. Printed advertisements created by Cunningham & Walsh, Hixson & Jorgensen and Newell-Emmett are also included among these materials. Researchers who are interested in records created by Ayer in the course of operating an advertising agency will find these materials in Series fourteen-nineteen.

Series fourteen consists of advertisements created by NW Ayer & Son to promote their services to potential clients.

Series fifteen are scrapbooks of some of the earliest advertisements created by the company. Series sixteen are publications. Some of the publications were created by Ayer while others were about Ayer or the advertising industry in general. Provides good background materials and puts the company in perspective. Series eighteen are the legal records. Materials relating to employees including photographs, oral histories etc. are found in series nineteen.

Series twenty is one of the smallest amounts of materials and includes information relating to the history of NW Ayer & Son.

The container lists for series one-thirteen are part of a database and are searchable. The list has been printed for the convenience of the researcher and is included in this finding aid. Series fourteen-twenty container lists are also a part of the finding aid but are not in a searchable format.

Series 1, Scrapbooks of Client Advertisements, circa 1870-1920, is arranged into three boxes by chronological date. There are two bound scrapbooks and one box of folders containing loose scrapbook pages. NW Ayer & Son compiled an assortment of their earliest ads and placed them into scrapbooks. Besides the earliest advertisements, the scrapbooks contain requests to run advertisements, reading notices and listings of papers Ayer advertised in. The early advertisements themselves range from medical remedies to jewelry to machines to clothing to education and more. Most of the advertisements in the bound scrapbooks are dated.

Series 2, Proofsheets, circa 1870-1930, NW Ayer was fond of creating scrapbooks containing proofsheets. The series contains proofsheets created between 1892 and 1930, organized into 526 boxes. For convenience of storage, access and arrangement, the scrapbooks were disassembled and the pages placed in original order in flat archival storage boxes. The proofsheets are arranged by book number rather than client name. Usually the boxes contain a listing of the clients and sometimes the dates of the advertisements to be found within the box.

Series 3, Proofsheets, circa 1920-1975, is organized into 532 oversize boxes, and contain proofsheets and tearsheets created between 1920 and 1972. Within this series, materials are arranged alphabetically by company name (occasionally subdivided by brand or product), and thereunder chronologically by date of production. Many major, national advertisers are represented, including American Telephone & Telegraph, Armour Company, Canada Dry, Cannon Mills, Carrier Corporation, Domino Sugar, Caterpillar tractor company, Ford Motor Company, General Electric, Goodyear, Hills Bros. Coffee, Ladies Home Journal, National Dairy, Plymouth (Chrysler Corporation), Steinway, TV Guide, United Airlines and the United States Army. Also contained in this series are three scrapbooks of client advertisements including Canada Dry, Ford Motor, and Victor Talking Machine.

Series 4, 2001 Addendum, circa 1976-2001, is organized into ninety three oversized boxes,one folder and contains proofsheets for select Ayer clients, created between 1975 and 2001. Within this series, materials are arranged alphabetically by client name and there under chronologically by date of production. Major national advertisers represented include American Telephone & Telegraph, Avon, the United States Army, DeBeers Consolidated Diamond Mines, Dupont, TV Guide, Sealtest, Kraft Foods, Gillette, General Motors, Cannon Mills.

Series 5, Billboards, circa 1952-1956, consists of mounted and un-mounted original art/mock-ups. Twenty-two pieces of original art created as mock-ups for Texaco billboards.

Series 6, Film and Video Commercials, 1967-1970,

Series 7, Radio and Television Materials, 1933-1993, undated, is arranged into eight boxes and includes radio scripts, television scripts, and story boards for commercials.

Subseries 7.1, Scripts and storyboards for Radio and Television Commercials, dates Scripts for radio and television commercials includes title, date, length of commercial, advertising agency, client information

NW Ayer's radio and television materials mainly focus on the American Telegraph and Telephone account. Some of Ayer's materials relate to Bell Telephone Hours.

Storyboards are used in television and film to assist the director in working with crew to tell the story. To show the viewer through the use of figures, visual effects and camera angles. When directors first start thinking about their storyboard they create a story in their mind. They think of all the camera angles, visual effects and how the figures will interact in their mind. They try to create an extraordinary story in their head to attract the viewer (YOU) In order for the storyboard to be entirely effective it can't be a passive document. When done properly, a storyboard serves as a central design, meeting the needs of many team members including graphics artists, video personnel and programmers.

Another function of a storyboard is to help the team communicate during the training development process. This communication is very important in working with a large team as in the movie King, produced in 1996. Figures help the director explain to the crew how they are going to record the film and how to present it to the audience. Sometimes the director wants special effects to be added to the film, but his budget might not be that big so the director will have to change the story to fit their budget.

The Visual Effects are an important part in the storyboards it adds a special touch of creativity to your film. Camera angles are an important expects in your film because the camera angles determine where the viewing audience will look. If you want your audience to look at a certain object you must turn their attention to it by focusing on that object and maybe you might try blocking something out. Then you will have your audience's attention and you may do whatever else you have to, it could be scaring them are just surprising them or whatever you do.

Also included is talent information and log sheets relating to the storage of the commercials.

Bell Telephone Hour Program, 1942-[19??], The Bell Telephone Hour, also known as The Telephone Hour, was a five minute musical program which began April 29, 1940 on National Broadcasting Company Radio and was heard on NBC until June 30, 1958. Sponsored by Bell Telephone showcased the best in classical and Broadway music, reaching eight to nine million listeners each week. It continued on television from 1959 to 1968.

Earlier shows featured James Melton and Francia White as soloists. Producer Wallace Magill restructured the format on April 27, 1942 into the "Great Artists Series" of concert and opera performers, beginning with Jascha Heifetz. Records indicate that the list of talents on the program included Marian Anderson, Helen Traubel, Oscar Levant, Lily Pons, Nelson Eddy, Bing Crosby, Margaret Daum, Benny Goodman, José Iturbi, Gladys Swarthout and .The series returned to radio in 1968-1969 as Bell Telephone Hour Encores, also known as Encores from the Bell Telephone Hour, featuring highlights and interviews from the original series.

National Broadcasting television specials sponsored by the Bell System, 1957-1987includes information relating to Science series, Bell system Theshold Series, Bell telephone hour and commercial and public sponsored programs

Series 8, Chicago Office Print Advertisements, 1954-1989, is arranged alphabetically by the name of the client in ninety boxes and six oversize folders. Clients include Illinois Bell Telephone (1955-1989), Microswitch (1969-1989), Teletype (1975-1984), John Deere (1974-1989) and Caterpillar (1966-1972) are particularly well represented. Other clients of interest include Dr. Scholl's shoes (circa 1968-1972), the Girl Scouts (1976-1980), Sunbeam Personal Products Company (1973-1981), Bell and Howell (1974-1983) and Alberto Culver shampoos (1967-1971), Honeywell, Incorporated, Blue Cross and Blue Shield Associations, Kraft, Incorporated, Sears, Roebuck and Company, and YMCA.

Series 9, Los Angeles Office Materials, 1950s-1987, include printed advertisements created by this office and information relating to the employees.

Subseries 9.1, Print Advertisements, 1977-1987, printed advertisements arranged in one box alphabetically by client. There is a sparse sampling of clients from this particular Ayer branch office. The majority of the advertisements contained within this series are from Pizza Hut (1986-1987). Also included are Computer Automation (1977-1978), State of the Art, Incorporated (1982) and Toshiba (1986).

Subseries 9.2, Personnel Files, 1950s-1970s, includes cards of employees who worked in the Los Angeles office. Information on the cards includes name, address, telephone number, birthday, date hired, departure date and why (retired, terminated, resigned, etc) and position. Not all cards have all information. There is also a photograph of the employees on the cards.

Series 10, Foreign Print Advertisements, 1977-1991, undated, NW Ayer maintained partnerships with international companies such as Sloanas Ayer in Argentina, Connaghan & May Paton Ayer in Australia, Moussault Ayer in Belgium, NW Ayer, LTD. in Canada, GMC Ayer in France, Co-Partner Ayer in Germany, Wong Lam Wang in Hong Kong, MacHarman Ayer in New Zealand, Grupo de Diseno Ayer in Spain, Nedeby Ayer in Sweden, and Ayer Barker in United Kingdom. This group of material is a small sampling of advertisements created from these International offices. It is arranged alphabetically by client. There are quite a few automobile advertisements (i.e. Audi, Fiat, General Motors, Mercedes-Benz, and Volkswagen). In addition there are numerous advertisements for various personal items from MacLean's toothpaste to Quick athletic shoes to Labello lip balm, etc. Most of the advertisements have the creator's name printed on the advertisements.

Series 11, Cunningham & Walsh, Incorporated Materials, 1915-1987, undated contains 98 boxes 11 folders materials from the New York advertising agency acquired by NW Ayer in the 1960s. The company began with Newel-Emmett, an agency of nine men which broke up in 1949. Two of the men Fred Walsh and Jack Cunningham formed this agency in bearing their names in 1950. The agency created "let your fingers for the walking campaign for American Telephone & Telegraph, Mother Nature for Chiffon, and Mrs. Olson for Folgers's coffee and let the good times roll for Kawasaki motorcycle. In 1986, NW Ayer Incorporated purchased Cunningham & Walsh Incorporated.

Subseries 11.1, Print Advertisements, 1915-1987, are contained in ninety eight boxes of primarily print advertisements arranged alphabetically by client name. Clients that are particularly well represented are Graybar (electrical implements, circa1926-1937), Johns-Manulle (circa1915-1971), Smith and Corono typewriters (circa 1934-1960), Sunshine Biscuit Company (circa 1925-1961), Texaco Company (circa 1936-1961), Western Electric (circa 1920- 1971) and Yellow Pages (circa 1936-1971). Cunningham and Walsh also represented several travel and tourism industry clients, including Cook Travel Services (circa 1951-1962), Italian Line (circa 1953-1961), Narragansett and Croft (circa 1956-1960) and Northwest Airlines (circa 1946-1955). There are photographs of Texaco advertisements dating from 1913-1962. There is also a scrapbook of advertisements from the Western Electric Company dating from 1920-1922.

Subseries 11.2, Radio and Television Advertisements, 1963-1967, consist of materials created for Western Electric. Materials are arranged in chronological order.

Subseries 11.3, Company Related Materials, 1962-1986, undated include client lists, information relating to NW Ayer purchase and annual report 1962.

Series 12, Hixson & Jorgensen Materials, 1953-1971, a Los Angeles advertising company, merged with Ayer in 1969. This series is housed in one box. Within the box are four scrapbooks and folders with a hodgepodge of materials relating to advertising. Of most interest are the scrapbooks. Two scrapbooks deal with Hixson and Jorgensen's self promotion ad campaign "the right appeal gets action" (1953-1957). The other two scrapbooks contain news clippings about the company and its activities (1959-1971).

Series 13, Newell-Emmet, 1942-1957, founded in 1919 and governed in the 1940s by a partnership of nine men. The partnership broke up in 1949 when the men went their separate ways. The materials consist of print advertisements for one of client, Permutit Company, a water conditioning company. The materials are arranged in one box in chronological order.

Series 14, House Print Advertisements, 1870-1991, 16 boxes consists of advertisements or self-promotion advertisements to campaign for new clients. The series is arranged chronologically by date into fifteen boxes. Within the series are two scrapbooks containing self promotion ads from 1888-1919 and 1892-1895. Numerous house ads relate to Ayer's "Human Contact" campaign. In addition to the self promotion ads, Ayer ran advertisements expounding about particular concepts or themes for example, one month the concept would "understand" while another month would be "teamwork" and yet another would be on "imagination". Some of the self promotion ads target specific groups like Philadelphia businessmen. Other advertisements incorporate the fine arts.

Series 15, Scrapbooks, 1872-1959, relates to company events, records and news clippings about Ayer's history. The six boxes are arranged by chronological date. Two of the boxes focus solely on the death of founder F.W. Ayer (1923). Another box houses a scrapbook that showcases Ayer's annual Typography Exhibition (1931-1959). One box contains a scrapbook that specifically deals with correspondences relating to Ayer's advertising. Yet another box's contents are folders of loose pages from scrapbooks that have newspaper clippings, order forms, correspondences and other company records. In one box, a bound scrapbook houses a variety of materials relating to Ayer and advertising (i.e. newspaper clippings, competitor's advertisements, NW Ayer's advertisements, correspondences for advertisements, clippings regarding the "theory of advertising."

Series 16, Publications, 1849-2006, are housed in thirty four boxes and are arranged into three main categories.

Subseries 16.1, House Publications, 1876-1994, covers diverse topics; some proscriptive works about the Ayer method in advertising, some commemorating people, anniversaries or events in the life of the agency. Materials consist of scattered issues of the employee newsletter The Next Step 1920-1921. The materials are arranged in chronological order by date of publication. Ayer in the News, The Show Windows of an Advertising Agency, 1915, book form of advertisements published on the cover of Printer's Ink, highlighting Ayer's relations with advertisers. The Story of the States, 1916, Reprint in book form of a series of articles published in Printer's Ink for the purpose of adding some pertinent fact, progressive thought and prophetic vision to the Nationalism of Advertising highlights major businesses, manufacturer, natural resources and other qualities or attractions of each state. The Book of the Golden Celebration, 1919, includes welcome address and closing remarks by founder F. Wayland Ayer, The Next Step, 1920 employee newsletter with photographs, employee profiles, in-house jokes, etc., Advertising Advertising: A Series of Fifty-two Advertisements scheduled one time a week. Twenty-seven, thirty and forty inches, a day of the week optional with publisher, 1924

Subseries 16.2, Publications about NW Ayer, 1949-2006, includes a book first published in 1939. Includes articles, documenting events and is arranged chronologically by date of publication.

Subseries 16.3, General Publications about Advertising, 1922-1974, are arranged chronologically by date of publication and relate primarily to the history of advertising.

Subseries 16.4, Publications about Other Subjects, 1948-1964, include four books about the tobacco industry primarily the history of the American Tobacco Company and Lorillard Company from the Cunningham and Walsh library.

Series 17, Business Records, circa 1885-1990s

Subseries 17.1, Contracts, 1885-1908, undated, are arranged alphabetically and span from 1885-1908. The majority of the contracts are with newspaper and magazine publishers from around the country.

Subseries 17.2, General client information, 1911-1999, undated, including active and cancelled lists with dates, client gains, historical client list, (should move this to series 20) Ayer Plan User Guide Strategic Planning for Human Contact, undated

Subseries 17.3, Individual Client Account Information, 1950s-1990s, undated, contain information used by Ayer to create advertisements for some of its clients. American Telephone &Telegraph Corporate Case History, American Telephone &Telegraph Corporate advertisement memo, commissioned artists for DeBeers advertisements, DeBeers information relating to the creative process and photography credits, a case history for DeBeers Consolidated Mines, Ltd., The Diamond Engagement Ring, Managing Communication at all levels, DuPont publications, JC Penny Marketing Communication Plan Recommendation, Leaf, Incorporated, Saturn presentation, and USAREC oral presentation.

Subseries 17.4, Potential Clients, 1993, includes grouping has a questionnaire sent to Ayer by a potential client. Questionnaire response for Prudential Securities, 1993 Prudential Securities advertising account review, 1993.

Subseries 17.5, Financial Records, 1929-1938, includes balance sheet, 1929 May 1 Balance sheet and adjustments Consolidated statement of assets and liabilities, Expenses 191936-37 Business review and expenses, 1937 and 1938 Business review and expenses comparative statement, 1937 and 1938.

Series 18, Legal Records, circa 1911-1982, Ayer's legal records are arranged by twelve subject groupings within four boxes. The twelve groupings are advertising service agreements (circa 1918-1982), bylaws, copyright claims, correspondences, international correspondences, dissolution of trusts, stock information, agreements between partners, incorporation materials, reduction of capital, property information and miscellaneous materials. The bulk of the materials are the advertising service agreements. These agreements are between Ayer and their clients and state the services Ayer will offer and at what cost. The bylaws are Ayer's company bylaws from 1969 and 1972. The copyright claims are certificates stating Ayer's ownership over certain published materials (i.e. "Policy", Media Equalizer Model, and Don Newman's Washington Square Experiment). The correspondences relate to either the voting trust and receipts for agreement or the New York Corporation. The international correspondences are from either Ayer's Canadian office or London office. The dissolutions of trusts contains materials about the dividend trust of Wilfred F. Fry, the investment trust of Winfred W. Fry, the voting trust, and the New York corporation. The stock information has stock certificates and capital stock information. The agreements between partners (1911-1916) specify the terms between F.W. Ayer and his partners. The incorporation materials (circa 1929-1977) deal with Ayer advertising agency becoming incorporated in the state of Delaware. The reduction of capital grouping is a notification that shares of stock have been retired. The property information grouping contains property deeds and insurance policy (circa 1921-1939), a property appraisal (1934), and a bill of sale (1948). The miscellaneous grouping contains a house memo regarding a set of board meeting minutes and a registry of foreign companies in Commonwealth of Pennsylvania (1929-1954).

Subseries 18.1, Advertising Service Agreements, 1918-1982

Subseries 18.2, Bylaw Materials, 1969-1972

Subseries 18.3, Copyright Claims, 1962-1969

Subseries 18.4, Correspondence, 1928-1933

Subseries 18.5, International Office Correspondence, 1947-1948

Subseries 18.6, Dissolution of Trusts, 1934-1937

Subseries 18.7, Stock Information, 1934-1974

Subseries 18.8, Agreements between Partners, 1911-1916

Subseries 18.9, Incorporation Materials, 1929-1977

Subseries 18.10, Certificates of Reduction of Capital, 1937; 1975

Subseries 18.11, Property Information, 1921-1948

Subseries 18.12, Miscellaneous Materials, 1929-1977

Series 19, Personnel Records, circa 1889-2001, are arranged into eight groupings within eight boxes. The groupings are employee card files, photographs, Ayer alumni, biographies, speeches, recollections, oral histories, and miscellaneous. Typed manuscript of book A Copy Writer Speaks by George Cecil, NW Ayer, Incorporated copy head 1920s-1950s

Subseries 19.1, Employee card files, circa 1892-1915; 1929-1963, consists of index cards with the name, age, job title, date and wage increases, date of hire/fire, as well as remarks about the employee's service and/or reasons for seeking or leaving the job. Materials are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the employee within three boxes.

Subseries 19.2, Photographs, circa 1924-1984, undated, are housed in two boxes. The photographs grouped together by subjects i.e. personnel, company events, Ayer buildings, and miscellaneous. This grouping primarily consists of personnel photographs. Includes a glass plate negative dated 1924 of NW Ayer.

Subseries 19.3, Ayer Alumni, circa 1989-98, include employees who have left Ayer. There is a listing of Ayer "graduates" and their current job. Emeritus, Ayer's alumni newsletter 1989-1996, makes up the majority of materials in this grouping. The newsletter keeps the alumni up to date with the happenings of Ayer and what has become of former Ayer employees. Emeritus is a quarterly newsletter devoted to the activities, thoughts and feelings of Ayer alumni a body of people who consists of retirees and former employees.

Subseries 19.4, Biographical Information, circa 1889-1994, undated, prominent members of Ayer's operations had biographical sketches completed of them. This was true for the bio sketches of Robert Ervin, Louis T. Hagopian, and George A. Rink. There is a substantial file on Dorothy Dignam ("Mis Dig"), a leading woman in the advertising world from the 1930s to the 1950s. Also of interest is a video ("The Siano Man") compiled by Ayer employees to commemorate Jerry Siano's retirement from Ayer in 1994. The series is arranged alphabetically by last name.

Subseries 19.5, Speeches, circa 1919-1931; 1975, contains speeches made by Wilfred W. Fry and Neal W. O'Connor. Wilfred W. Fry had various speaking engagements connected with Ayer. Contained in this group is a sampling of his speeches from 1919 to 1931. Neal O'Connor's speech "Advertising: Who Says It's a Young People's Business" was given at the Central Region Convention for the American Association of Advertising Agencies in Chicago on November 6, 1975. The speeches are arranged alphabetically by the speaker's last name.

Subseries 19.6, Recollections, 1954-1984, undated, are arranged alphabetically by last name. These are recollections from Ayer employees about the company and its advertisements. Some recollections are specifically about certain types of advertisements, like farm equipment while others reflect on F. W. Ayer and the company.

Subseries 19.7, Oral History Interview Transcripts, 1983-1985; 1989-1991, include interviews with key NW Ayer personnel, conducted by Ayer alumnae Howard Davis, Brad Lynch and Don Sholl (Vice President creative) for the Oral History Program. The materials are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the interviewee.

Subseries 19.8, Oral History Interview Audio Tapes, 1985-1990, include interviews on audiotape the materials are arranged alphabetically by the last name of the interviewee.

Subseries 19.9, Internal Communications, 1993-1999, includes information sent to employees relating to retirements, management changes, awards won by the company, promotions, potential new accounts, free items, grand opening of Ayer Café, donation events, sponsorship programs, holiday schedules, discounts for employees from clients, Ayer joins MacManus Group.

Subseries 19.10, General Materials, 1940; 1970, includes agency directory entry including a list of the employees, 1970s, annual banquet program for the Curfew Club May 22, 1940 a group formed by the Philadelphia employee in 1938. It sponsored numerous sports, social and educational activities. Groups were formed in public speaking, music appreciation and a series of talks on Monday evenings title the modern woman. The front page was a series of talks for general interest. A list of officers, 1991, Twenty five year club membership, 1973 December 1, List of NW Ayer graduates, 1970, List of Officers, 1991 May 31, Obituary for Leo Lionni, 1999 October 17, List of photographers of advertisements, 2001

Series 20, Background and History Information, 1817-1999, undated includes a chronology, 1817-1990, quick reference timeline, 1848-1923, loose pages from a scrapbook containing examples of correspondence, envelopes, advertisements dating from 1875-1878; slogans coined by NW Ayer & Sons, Incorporated, 1899-1990, history of management, 1909-1923, articles and photographs about the building and art galleries, 1926-1976, publications about the Philadelphia building, 1929, pamphlet relating to memories of NW Ayer & Sons, Incorporated, 1930s-1950s, television history, 1940-1948, Article about the history of the company, 1950 January, pocket guide, 1982, AdWeek reports about standings for advertising agencies, information relating to Human Contact which is NW Ayer's Information relating to Human Contact, undated which is their philosophy on advertising.

Series 21, Materials Created by other Advertising Agencies, 1945-1978, undated, consists of print advertisements collected by Ayer from other major advertising companies. The companies include Doyle Dane Bernback, Incorporated, Leo Burnett Company, Grey Advertising Agency, D'Arcy Ad Agency, Scali, McCabe, Sloves, Incorporated and Erwin Wasey Company. The materials are arranged in alphabetical order by client and include products from Ralston Purina and Van Camp (Chicken of the Sea), Kellogg, American Export Lines and No Nonsense Fashions.

Series 22, 2010 Addendum of Print Advertisements, circa 1879s-1999, undated, includes material given to the Archives Center in 2010. It is organized into seventy one oversized boxes and contains proofsheets of print advertisements for select Ayer clients. These are arranged alphabetically by client name and include substantial quantities of materials from American Telephone &Telegraph (1945-1996), Bahamas Ministry of Tourism (1967-1987), Carrier (1971-1981), Citibank (1973-1991), DeBeers (1940s-1960s and1990s), Electric Companies Advertising Program [ECAP] (1942-1970s), General Motors (1989-1998), J.C. Penney (1983-1986), Newsweek (1966-1975), and Proctor and Gamble (1980s-1890s). There are also numerous other clients represented by smaller quantities of materials.

Subseries 22.1, Print Advertisements, 1930-1990, undated

Subseries 22.2, Print Advertisements on Glass Plate Negatives, 1879-1881, undated, include Cannon towels, Cheny Brothers silks, Cornish & Company organs and pianos, Enterprise Manufacturing Company, 1879 sad iron, an ad from Harper's Weekly 1881 for ladies clothing, Ostermoor & Company mattresses, Pear's soap, Porter's cough balsam, Steinway pianos.

Series 23, Microfilm of Print Advertisements, circa 1908-1985, consists of three boxes of printed advertisements for the American Telephone and Telegraph Company. Some of the same advertisements might also be found in series two, three and four.

Arrangement:

The collection is arranged into twenty-three series.

Series 1: Scrapbooks of Client Print Advertisements, circa 1870-1920

Series 2: Proofsheets, circa 1870-1930

Series 3: Proofsheets, circa 1920-1975

Series 4: 2001 Addendum, circa 1976-2001

Series 5: Billboards, circa 1952-1956

Series 6: Audiovisual Materials

Series 7: Radio and Television Materials, 1933-1993, undated

Series 8: Chicago Office Print Advertisements, 1954-1989

Series 9: Los Angeles Office Materials, 1950s-1987

Subseries 9.1: Printed Advertisements, 1977-1987

Subseries 9.2: Personnel Files, 1950s-1970s

Series 10: Foreign Print Advertisements, 1977-1991, undated

Series 11: Cunningham & Walsh Incorporated Materials, 1915-1987, undated

Subseries 11.1: Printed Advertisements, 1915-1987

Subseries 11.2: Radio and Television Advertisements, 1963-1967

Subseries 11.3: Company Related Materials, 1962-1986, undated

Series 12: Hixson & Jorgensen Materials, 1953-1971, undated

Series 13: Newell-Emmet, 1942-1957

Series 14: House Print Advertisements, 1870-1991

Series 15: Scrapbooks, 1872-1959

Series 16: Publications, 1849-2006

Subseries 16.1: House Publications, 1876-1994

Subseries 16.2: Publications about NW Ayer, 1949-1995

Subseries 16.3: General Publications about Advertising, 1922-2006

Subseries 16.4: Publications about other Subjects, 1948-1964

Series 17, Business Records, circa 1885-1990s

Subseries 17.1: Contracts, 1885-1908, undated

Subseries 17.2: General Client Information, 1911-1999, undated

Subseries 17.3: Individual Client Account Information, 1950s-1990s, undated

Subseries 17.4: Potential Clients, 1993

Subseries 17.5: Financial Records, 1929-1938

Series 18: Legal Records, circa 1911-1984

Subseries 18.1: Advertising Service Agreements, 1918-1982

Subseries 18.2: Bylaw Materials, 1969-1972

Subseries 18.3, Copyright Claims, 1962-1969

Subseries 18.4: Correspondence, 1928-1933

Subseries 18.5: International Office Correspondence, 1947-1948

Subseries 18.6: Dissolution of Trusts, 1934-1937

Subseries 18.7: Stock Information, 1934-1974

Subseries 18.8: Agreements between Partners, 1911-1916

Subseries 18.9: Incorporation Materials, 1929-1977

Subseries 18.10: Certificates of Reduction of Capital, 1937; 1975

Subseries 18.11: Property Information

Subseries 18.12: Miscellaneous Materials, 1929-1977

Series 19: Employee Materials, circa 1889-2001

Subseries 19.1: Employee Card files, circa 1892-1915; 1929-1963

Subseries 19.2: Photographs, circa 1924-1984, undated

Subseries 19.3: Alumni Publications, circa 1989-1998

Subseries 19.4: Biographical Information, circa 1889-1994

Subseries 19.5: Speeches, circa 1919-1931; 1975

Subseries 19.6: Recollections, 1954-1984, undated

Subseries 19.7: Oral History Interview Transcripts, 1983-1985; 1989-1991

Subseries 19.8: Oral History Audiotapes, 1985-1990

Subseries 19.9: Internal Communications, 1993-1999

Subseries 19.1: General Materials, 1940-2001

Series 20: History and Background Information about the Company, 1817-1999, undated

Series 21: Materials Created by other Advertising Agencies, 1945-1978, undated

Series 22: 2010 Addendum of Print Advertisements, circa 1879s-1990s, undated

Subseries 22.1: Print Advertisements, 1930-1990, undated

Subseries 22.2: Print Advertisements on Glass Plate Negatives, 1879-1881, undated

Series 23: Microfilm of Print Advertisements, circa 1908-1985

Biographical / Historical:

Founded in Philadelphia in 1869, NW Ayer & Son is one of the oldest and largest advertising agencies in America. For most of its history, it was the undisputed leader and innovator in the field of advertising. In 1876, NW Ayer & Son pioneered the "open contract", a revolutionary change in the method of billing for advertising which became the industry standard for the next hundred years. NW Ayer pioneered the use of fine art in advertising and established the industry's first art department. It was the first agency to use a full-time copywriter and the first to institute a copy department. The agency relocated to New York City in 1974. During its long history, the agency's clients included many "blue-chip" clients, including American Telephone & Telegraph, DeBeers Consolidated Diamond Mines, Ford Motor Company, Nabisco, R. J. Reynolds and United Airlines. However, in later years, the Ayer's inherent conservatism left the agency vulnerable to the creative revolution of the 1960s and 1970s, the advertising industry restructuring of the 1980s and the economic recession of the early 1990s. The agency was bought out by a Korean investor in 1993. In 1996, NW Ayer merged with another struggling top twenty United States advertising agency, Darcy, Masius, Benton & Bowles, under the umbrella of the McManus Group. Ayer continues to operate as a separate, full-service agency.

Through a series of buyouts and mergers, Ayer traces its lineage to the first advertising agency founded in the United States, a Philadelphia agency begun by Volney Palmer in 1841. Palmer began his career in advertising as a newspaper agent, acting as middleman between newspaper publishers and advertisers across the country. By 1849, Palmer had founded his own newspaper, V. B. Palmer's Register and Spirit of the Press, and had developed a complete system of advertising which included securing advertising space and placing ads in scores of commercial, political, religious, scientific and agricultural journals across the country. Palmer went one step further than the "space jobbers" of the day when he began offering "advertisements carefully drawn for those who have not the time to prepare an original copy." Always an enthusiastic promoter of advertising as an incentive to trade and American economic growth, Palmer promised advertisers that "every dollar paid for advertising in country newspapers will pay back twenty-fold" and encouraged skeptical consumers that "he who wishes to buy cheap should buy of those who advertise." When Palmer died in 1863, the agency was bought by his bookkeeper, John Joy, who joined with another Philadelphia advertising agency to form Joy, Coe & Sharpe. That agency was bought out again in 1868 and renamed Coe, Wetherill & Company. In 1877, Coe, Wetherill and Company was bought out by the newly formed NW Ayer & Son.

Francis Wayland Ayer was an ambitious young schoolteacher with an entrepreneurial streak. Having worked for a year soliciting advertisements on a commission basis for the publisher of the National Baptist weekly, Francis Ayer saw the potential to turn a profit as an advertising agent. In 1869, Ayer persuaded his father, Nathan Wheeler Ayer, to join him in business, and with an initial investment of only $250.00, NW Ayer & Son was born. Notwithstanding a smallpox epidemic in Philadelphia in 1871 and the general economic depression of the early 1870s, the agency flourished. The senior Ayer died in 1873, leaving his interest in the agency to his wife, but Francis W. Ayer bought her out, consolidating his interest in the company's management. In 1877, with Coe, Wetherill & Company (the successor to Palmer's 1841 agency) on the verge of bankruptcy and heavily indebted to Ayer for advertising it had placed in Ayer publications, Ayer assumed ownership of that agency. Thus did NW Ayer lay claim to being the oldest advertising agency in the country.

Both Nathan Wheeler and Francis Wayland Ayer began their careers as schoolteachers, and one of their legacies was a commitment to the cause of education: correspondence schools and institutions of higher learning were historically well-represented among Ayer clients. Just after World War I, the agency was heralded as "co-founder of more schools than any citizen of this country" for its conspicuous efforts to advertise private schools. Well into the 1960s, an "Education Department" at Ayer prepared advertisements for over three hundred private schools, camps and colleges, representing almost half the regional and national advertising done for such institutions. In fact, to its clients Ayer presented advertising itself as being akin to a system of education. In 1886, Ayer began promoting the virtues of the Ayer way advertising with the slogan, "Keeping Everlastingly at It Brings Success."

The agency's goals were simple: "to make advertising pay the advertiser, to spend the advertiser's money as though it were our own, to develop, magnify and dignify advertising as a business." Initially, Ayer's fortunes were tied to newspapers, and the agency began to make a name for itself as compiler and publisher of a widely used American Newspaper Annual. During the first years, Ayer's singular goal was "to get business, place it [in newspapers] and get money for it"; after several years as an independent space broker, however, Francis Ayer resolved "not to be an order taker any longer." This decision led NW Ayer and Son to a change in its mode of conducting business which would revolutionize the advertising industry: in 1876, Ayer pioneered the "open contract" with Diggee & Conard, Philadelphia raised growers and agricultural suppliers. Prior to the open contract, NW Ayer & Sons and most agencies operated as "space-jobbers," independent wholesalers of advertising space, in which the opportunities for graft and corrupt practices were virtually unlimited. In contrast, the open contract, wherein the advertiser paid a fixed commission based on the volume of advertising placed, aligned the advertising agent firmly on the side of the advertiser and gave advertisers access to the actual rates charged by newspapers and religious journals. The open contract with a fixed commission has been hailed by advertising pioneer Albert Lasker as one of the "three great landmarks in advertising history." (The other two were Lasker's own development of "reason-why" advertising copy and J. Walter Thompson's pioneering of sex appeal in an advertisement for Woodbury's soap.) Although the transition to the open contract did not happen overnight, by 1884, nearly three-quarters of Ayer's advertising billings were on an open contract basis. Since Ayer was, by the 1890s, the largest agency in America, the switch to direct payment by advertisers had a significant impact on the advertising industry, as other agencies were forced to respond to Ayer's higher standard. Just as important, the open contract helped to establish N W Ayer's long-standing reputation for "clean ethics and fair dealing" -- a reputation the agency has guarded jealously for over a century. The open contract also helped to establish Ayer as a full service advertising agency and to regularize the production of advertising in-house. From that point forward, Ayer routinely offered advice and service beyond the mere placement of advertisements. Ayer set another milestone for the industry in 1888, when Jarvis Wood was hired as the industry's first full-time copywriter. Wood was joined by a second full time copywriter four years later, and the Copy Department was formally established in 1900. The industry's first Art Department grew out of the Copy Department when Ayer hired its first commercial artist to assist with copy preparation in 1898; twelve years later Ayer became the first agency to offer the services of a full time art director, whose sole responsibility was the design and illustration of ads.

Ayer's leadership in the use of fine art in advertising has roots in this period, but achieved its highest expression under the guidance of legendary art director Charles Coiner. Coiner joined Ayer in 1924, after graduating from the Chicago Academy of Fine Arts. Despite early resistance from some clients, Coiner was adamant that "the use of outstanding palette and original art forms bring a greater return in readership, in impact and prestige for the advertiser." To this end, Coiner marshaled the talents of notable painters, illustrators and photographers, including N.C. Wyeth and Rockwell Kent (Steinway), Georgia O'Keefe (Dole), Leo Lionni (DuPont), Edward Steichen (Steinway, Cannon Mills), Charles Sheeler (Ford), and Irving Penn (DeBeers). Coiner believed that there was a practical side to the use of fine art in advertising, and his success (and Ayer's) lay in the marriage of research and copywriting with fine art, an arrangement Coiner termed "art for business sake." Coiner's efforts won both awards and attention for a series completed in the 1950s for the Container Corporation of America. Titled "Great Ideas of Western Man" the campaign featured abstract and modern paintings and sculpture by leading U.S. and foreign artists, linked with Western philosophical writings in an early example of advertising designed primarily to bolster corporate image. In 1994, Charles Coiner was posthumously named to the American Advertising Federation's Hall of Fame, the first full time art director ever chosen for that honor.

Coiner and fellow art director Paul Darrow also created legendary advertising with the "A Diamond Is Forever" campaign for DeBeers; ads featured the work of Pablo Picasso, Salvador Dali and other modernist painters. The "A Diamond is Forever" tagline was written in 1949 by Frances Gerety, a woman copywriter at Ayer from 1943 to 1970. In 1999, Ad Age magazine cited "A Diamond is Forever" as the most memorable advertising slogan of the twentieth century.

Coiner also earned respect for his volunteer government service during World War II; he designed the armbands for civil defense volunteers and logos for the National Recovery Administration and Community Chest. As a founding member of the Advertising Council in 1945, Ayer has had a long-standing commitment to public service advertising. In the mid-1980s, Ayer became a leading force in the Reagan-era "War on Drugs". Lou Hagopian, Ayer's sixth CEO, brokered the establishment of the Partnership for a Drug-Free America, a media coalition which generated as much as a million dollars a day in donated advertising space and time to prevent the use and abuse of illegal drugs. Famous names appear among NW Ayer's clientele from the very earliest days of the agency. Retailer John Wanamaker, Jay Cooke and Company, and Montgomery Ward's mail-order business were among the first Ayer clients. The agency has represented at least twenty automobile manufacturers, including Cadillac, Chrysler, Ford, General Motors, Plymouth, and Rolls-Royce. Other major, long-term clients through the years have included American Telephone & Telegraph, Canada Dry, Cannon Mills, Hills Bros. Coffee Company, Kellogg's, R. J. Reynolds, Steinway and Sons, United Airlines, and the United States Army. By the time of Ayer's hundredth anniversary in 1969, some of these companies had been Ayer clients for decades if not generations, and the longevity of those relationships was for many years a source of Ayer's strength.

But the advertising industry began to change in the late 1960s and 1970s, due in part to a "creative revolution." Small advertising agencies won attention with provocative copywriting and art direction that more closely resembled art than advertising. Advances in market research allowed clients to more narrowly tailor their advertising messages to distinct groups of consumers, and this led to a rise in targeted marketing which could more readily be doled out to specialized small agencies than to larger, established firms like NW Ayer & Son. The civil rights and anti-war movements also contributed to increasing public skepticism with the values of corporate America, and by extension, with some national advertising campaigns. Older, more conservative firms like Ayer were hard pressed to meet these new challenges.

About 1970, in an effort to meet these challenges and to establish a foothold on the West Coast, Ayer bought out two smaller agencies--Hixson & Jorgenson (Los Angeles) and Frederick E. Baker (Seattle). The agency relocated from Philadelphia to New York City in 1974 in an attempt both to consolidate operations (Ayer had operated a New York office since the 1920s) and to be closer to the historic center of the advertising industry. Riding the wave of mergers that characterized the advertising industry in the late 1980s and 1990s, Ayer continued to grow through the acquisition of Cunningham & Walsh in 1986 and Rink Wells in 19xx.

During this transitional period, Ayer received widespread acclaim for its work for the United States Army, which included the widely recognized slogan "Be All You Can Be". Ayer first acquired the Army recruitment account in 1967 and with help from its direct marketing arm, the agency was widely credited with helping the Army reach its recruitment goals despite an unpopular war and plummeting enlistments after the elimination of the draft in 1973. Ayer held the account for two decades, from the Vietnam War through the Cold War, but lost the account in 1986 amid government charges that an Ayer employee assigned to the account accepted kickbacks from a New York film production house. Despite Ayer's position as the country's 18th largest agency (with billings of $880 million in 1985), the loss of the agency's second largest account hit hard.

NW Ayer made up for the loss of the $100 million dollar a year Army account and made headlines for being on the winning end of the largest account switch in advertising history to date, when fast food giant Burger King moved its $200 million dollar advertising account from arch-rival J. Walter Thompson in 1987. Burger King must have had drive-thru service in mind, however, and Ayer made headlines again when it lost the account just eighteen months later in another record-breaking account switch. Another devastating blow to the agency was the loss of its lead position on the American Telegraph and Telephone account. Ayer pioneered telecommunications advertising in 1908, when the agency was selected to craft advertising for the Bell System's universal telephone service. Despite valiant efforts to keep an account the agency had held for most of the twentieth century, and for which they had written such memorable corporate slogans as American Telephone &Telegraph "The Voice with a Smile" and "Reach Out and Touch Someone", the agency lost the account in 1996.

After a wave of mergers and acquisitions in the late 1980s, the economic recession of the early 1990s hit Madison Avenue hard, and Ayer was particularly vulnerable. Despite the agency's long history and roster of "blue-chip" clients, Ayer was not known for cutting-edge creative work. Moreover, though the agency had offices overseas, Ayer had never built a strong multinational presence, and many of the smaller international offices were sold during the financial turmoil of the 1980s. This left a real void in the new climate of global marketplace consolidation. By about 1990, earnings were declining (although Ayer was still among the top twenty United States agencies in billings), and the agency was suffering from client defections, high management turnover, expensive real estate commitments and deferred executive compensation deals, all fallout of the high-flying 1980s. This was the atmosphere in 1993, when W.Y. Choi, a Korean investor who had already assembled a media and marketing empire in his homeland, began looking for an American partner to form an international advertising network. Jerry Siano, the former creative director who had recently been named Ayer's seventh CEO, was in no position to refuse Choi's offer of $35 million to buy the now floundering agency. The infusion of cash was no magic bullet, however. Choi took a wait-and-see approach, allowing his partner Richard Humphreys to make key decisions about Ayer's future, including the purging of senior executives and the installation of two new CEOs in as many years.

The agency's downward trend continued with the loss of another longtime client, the DeBeers diamond cartel in 1995. Adweek reported that Ayer's billings fell from $892 million in 1990 to less than $850 million in 1995. Several top executives defected abruptly, and the agency failed to attract major new accounts. Ayer was facing the loss not merely of revenue and personnel, but the loss of much of the respect it once commanded. Ayer remained among the twenty largest U.S. agencies, but an aura of uncertainty hung over the agency like a cloud. A new CEO was appointed, and Mary Lou Quinlan became the agency's first woman CEO in 1995. A year later, Ayer and another struggling top twenty agency, D'arcy, Masius, Benton & Bowles, combined as part of the McManus Group of companies. In 1998, the McManus Group had worldwide billings of more than $6.5 billion.

Under the McManus Group, Ayer was able to expand its international operations and begin to rebuild a stronger global presence. Several important new clients were won in 1997 and 1998, including Avon, General Motors, Kitchenaid, several Procter & Gamble brands and, most notably, Continental Airlines worldwide accounts. Born in the nineteenth century, Ayer may be one of a very few advertising agencies to successfully weather the economic and cultural transitions of both the twentieth and twentieth first centuries. Ayer was eventually acquired by the Publicis Groupe based in Paris, France which closed down the N.W. Ayer offices in 2002.

Related Materials:

Materials in the Archives Center

Warshaw Collection of Business Americana (AC0060)

Hills Bros. Coffee Incorporated Records (AC0395)

Provenance:

The collection was donated by N W Ayer ABH International, April 15, 1975 and by Ayer & Partners, October 30, 1996.

Restrictions:

The collection is open for research use.

Physical Access: Researchers must use microfilm copy. Researchers must handle unprotected photographs with gloves. Researchers must use reference copies of audiovisual materials. When no reference copy exists, the Archives Center staff will produce reference copies on an "as needed" basis, as resources allow.

Technical Access: Viewing the film portion of the collection without reference copies requires special appointment, please inquire; listening to audio discs requires special arrangement. Do not use original materials when available on reference video or audio tapes.

Rights:

Publication and production quality duplication is restricted due to complex copyright, publicity rights, and right to privacy issues. Potential users must receive written permission from appropriate rights holders prior to obtaining high quality copies. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Topic:

Advertising agencies  Search this

advertising  Search this

Genre/Form:

Business records -- 1840-2000

Interviews -- 1980-2000

Oral history -- 1980-1990

Print advertising

Proof sheets

Proofs (printed matter)

Scrapbooks -- 1840-1990

Trade literature

Tear sheets

Advertisements

Citation:

NW Ayer & Sons, incorporated Advertising Agency Records, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.0059

See more items in:

N W Ayer Advertising Agency Records

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8920ed035-d211-4a58-9047-b31fa79464bd

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0059

Collection Creator:

André Emmerich Gallery  Search this

Container:

Box 61, Folder 36

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

1975, 1992-1993

Collection Restrictions:

Use of original papers requires an appointment and is limited to the Archives' Washington, D.C. Research Center. Access of diaries and appointment books required written permission.

Collection Rights:

The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.

Collection Citation:

André Emmerich Gallery records and André Emmerich papers, circa 1929-2009. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.

Sponsor:

Funding for the processing of this collection was provided by the Leon Levy Foundation.

See more items in:

André Emmerich Gallery Records and André Emmerich Papers

André Emmerich Gallery Records and André Emmerich Papers / Series 6: Artists Files

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Art

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/mw9cec61759-0e88-4287-8858-77efd96179fe

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-aaa-andremmg-ref3054

Landscape designer:

Wood, Sally  Search this

Gardener:

Stasen, Wendy  Search this

Horticulturist:

Stasen, Wendy  Search this

Former owner:

Willcox, James M.  Search this

Architect:

Hall, Arthur W.  Search this

Provenance:

The Weeders  Search this

Collection Creator:

Garden Club of America  Search this

Type:

Archival materials

Place:

Toad Hall (Berwyn, Pennsylvania)

United States of America -- Pennsylvania -- Chester County -- Berwyn

Scope and Contents:

The folder includes worksheets, site plans, additional images of the house (including one of it under construction in 1930-31), and other information.

General:

Located on an 11.5 acre site, this garden surrounds Toad Hall, the house which sits at the crest of a hill. The current owners acquired the property in 1961 and have been developing the site and the gardens ever since. One owner grew up on an English estate, an experience that is reflected in her grasp of site planning, views and vistas, understanding of plants, love of roses, and the use of garden accents such as ornamental iron gateways, treillage, containers, brightly painted obelisks, fountains, and numerous metal and wood sculptures. Various established gardens are organized by axes and cross axes and include a woodland garden, a pergola and reflecting pool, a secret garden, and a vegetable garden with raised beds for tender tropicals. From the bottom of these gardens a long vista leads the eye to a fountain set in a small side terrace next to the house. At the rear of the house a flagstone terrace has a dramatic view down a sweep of meadow to the woodland edge below. Many of the mature trees are original to the property, while other plants, like native rhododendron, were added by the original owner. Along the entrance driveway and beneath the house large stone boulders and carpets of spring bulbs, native ferns, and wildflowers enliven the forest floor, accessible by woodland paths. Deer are kept at bay by high iron fencing and a cattle guard at the gate.

Persons associated with the property and garden include Sally Wood (landscape designer, 1979); Wendy Stasen (gardener-horticulturist); James M. Willcox (former owner, 1930-1961); and Arthur W. Hall (architect, 1930).

Related Materials:

Toad Hall related holdings consist of 1 folder (19 35 mm. slides (photographs))

Collection Restrictions:

Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Rights:

Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Topic:

Gardens -- Pennsylvania -- Berwyn  Search this

Collection Citation:

Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.

Sponsor:

A project to describe images in this finding aid received Federal support from the Smithsonian Collections Care Initiative, administered by the National Collections Program.

Identifier:

AAG.GCA, File PA670

See more items in:

The Garden Club of America collection

The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Pennsylvania

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Gardens

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6e3b1b5b5-8127-40af-8584-7f3bb37afed7

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref16441

Creator:

Farrington, Gertrude  Search this

Extent:

0.1 Cubic feet (3 diaries)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Diaries

Date:

1977-1992

Content Description:

This collection contains three 5-year diaries kept by Ridgefield Garden Club member Gertrude Farrington from 1978 to 1992.

Topic:

Gardens -- Connecticut  Search this

Women gardeners  Search this

Genre/Form:

Diaries

Identifier:

AAG.GCA.FAR

See more items in:

Gertrude Farrington diaries

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Gardens

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb60349f478-4a27-4aba-b359-a89f2b1df628

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-aag-gca-far

Former owner:

Scaife, Jenny Boyle  Search this

Scaife, Marvin F.  Search this

Krieger, Karl F.  Search this

Krieger, Janet F.  Search this

Gray, Edna  Search this

Landscape architect:

Sturgeon, Everett  Search this

Owner:

Macpherson, Trevor  Search this

Macpherson, Antonia  Search this

Horticulturalist:

Burgess, Joseph O.  Search this

Landscape designer:

Morton, Burt  Search this

Provenance:

Garden Club of Allegheny County  Search this

Collection Creator:

Garden Club of America  Search this

Type:

Archival materials

Place:

Reverie (Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania)

United States of America -- Pennsylvania -- Allegheny -- Pittsburgh

Scope and Contents:

The folder includes worksheets, photocopy of an article, and other information.

General:

From the street one can tell that Reverie was the work of a creative gardener: the yew hedges have been sculpted in a crenellated pattern. A flagstone walkway leads to the house with garden beds on either side containing ferns, ivy, toadflax and pachysandra ground covers, boxwoods and other evergreen shrubs. To one side the driveway is studded with cobblestone patches, and on the other side there is a moss garden with shade-loving perennials and shrubs including hosta and bleeding heart, hydrangeas, hollies and mountain laurel. Creeping thyme with a pink flower was used extensively as a ground cover in the entry garden, and boulders were placed around the perimeter. The gardens behind the two-story stucco house are entered through a wrought iron gate. A patio was laid with three large sandstones and randomly placed cobbles. Stone and cobble walkways lead to different parts of the garden and ground covers grow over and around the walkways. Further down in the garden there is a large rectangular koi pond flanked by two pergolas with espaliered fruit trees. A small cobblestone patio was installed next to the garage. Additional straight line hedges marking off garden beds are clipped in button and cloud patterns. In all the garden areas perennials, ground covers and evergreen and deciduous shrubs are featured.

The previous owners created this garden beginning in the 1970s with the help of landscape architect Burt Morten. In 2009, the owners worked with Joseph Burgess, a horticulturist to make changes and as employed help managing the pond for koi, gold fish, frogs and plants. The owners have made every effort to maintain the symmetry of the garden.

Persons associated with the garden include Marvin F. and Jenny Boyle Scaife (former owners, 1916-1923); John F. and Rachel Mellon Walton (former owners, 1924-1929); Gladys D. Ober (former owner, 1929-1960); James and Edna Gray (former owners, 1960-1970); Karl F. and Janet F. Krieger (former owners, 1970-2007); Burt Morton (landscape designer, 1970s); Trevor and Antonia Macpherson (2007- ); Everett Sturgeon (designer of lily pond and pergola, 1987); Joseph O. Burgess (horticulturalist, 2002- ).

Everett Sturgeon designed the lily pond and pergola.

Related Materials:

Reverie related holdings consist of 1 folder (16 digital images)

See others in:

Garden Club of American collection, ca. 1920- [ongoing].

Collection Restrictions:

Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Rights:

Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Topic:

Gardens -- Pennsylvania -- Pittsburgh  Search this

Collection Citation:

Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.

Sponsor:

A project to describe images in this finding aid received Federal support from the Smithsonian Collections Care Initiative, administered by the National Collections Program.

Identifier:

AAG.GCA, File PA690

See more items in:

The Garden Club of America collection

The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Pennsylvania

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Gardens

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb68efdccd4-6100-487a-8946-90c120e11d9f

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref16551

Purchased/used by:

Marble, John Putnam  Search this

Retailer:

J. Russel Marble & Co.  Search this

Maker:

Henry Troemner  Search this

Measurements:

each pan: 77 mm; x 3 1/16 in

beam: 178 mm; 7 in

overall: 50 cm x 49.3 cm x 31.5 cm; 19 11/16 in x 19 7/16 in x 12 3/8 in

Object Name:

Analytical Balance

Object Type:

Balances

Place made:

United States: Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Date made:

ca. 1935

Date made:

around 1935

Subject:

Weights & Measures  Search this

Credit Line:

Bequest of Dr. John Putnam Marble

ID Number:

CH.316648

Catalog number:

316648

Accession number:

206607

See more items in:

Medicine and Science: Chemistry

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a0-ea2d-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_2163

Maker:

Troemner  Search this

Measurements:

each pan: 3.8 cm x 33.5 cm; 1 1/2 in x 13 3/16 in

overall: 17.8 cm x 75 cm x 34.2 cm; 7 in x 29 1/2 in x 13 7/16 in

overall: 7 1/2 in x 13 in x 29 3/4 in; 19.05 cm x 33.02 cm x 75.565 cm

Object Name:

Balance

Object Type:

Balances

Place made:

United States: Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Date made:

around 1905

Subject:

Weights & Measures  Search this

Credit Line:

Transfer from Denver Mint

ID Number:

CH.330613

Catalog number:

330613

Accession number:

302218

See more items in:

Medicine and Science: Chemistry

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a0-e6c1-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_2609