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"Ain't Too Proud to Beg" performers: Joanna, Carol, Pam, Lynn, Eva, Kathy, Ann. [Photoprint, black-and-white]

Photographer:
Burch-Brown, Carol  Search this
Donor:
Burch-Brown, Carol  Search this
Names:
Shamrock Bar (Bluefield, W.Va.)  Search this
Kilkelly, Ann  Search this
Collection Photographer:
Burch-Brown, Carol  Search this
Extent:
1 Item (Silver gelatin on paper., 8" x 10".)
Container:
Box 1
Type:
Archival materials
Photographs
Date:
[1999]
Local Numbers:
AC0857-0000006.tif (AC Scan No.)
Collection Restrictions:
Collection open for research on site by appointment. Unprotected photographs must be handled with gloves.
Collection Rights:
Reproduction restricted due to copyright. Requests will be referred to the photographer.
Topic:
Lesbian and gay experience  Search this
Transvestites  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs -- Black-and-white photoprints -- Silver gelatin -- 1990-2000
Collection Citation:
The Shamrock Bar: Photographs and Interviews by Carol Burch-Brown, 1997-2003, Archives Center, National Museum of American History. Gift of the artist.
See more items in:
The Shamrock Bar: Photographs and Interviews by Carol Burch-Brown
The Shamrock Bar: Photographs and Interviews by Carol Burch-Brown / Series 1: Photoprints / Photoprints
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8029929a7-1b49-4b08-9d37-635dd29b091c
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0857-ref525

"Doris Abramson on Catherine Sargent Huntington"

Collection Creator:
Thayer, Polly, 1904-2006  Search this
Extent:
1 Sound cassette
Container:
Box 5, Folder 3
Type:
Archival materials
Sound cassettes
Date:
circa 1995
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original papers requires an appointment. Use of archival audiovisual recordings with no duplicate access copy requires advance notice.
Collection Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Polly Thayer (Starr) papers, 1846-2008, bulk 1921-2008. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
See more items in:
Polly Thayer (Starr) papers
Polly Thayer (Starr) papers / Series 4: Interviews
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Art
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/mw91bb7ddbd-07b9-4bff-885f-1fc8b284688f
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aaa-thaypoll-ref244

52[?]. Interview about politics

Collection Creator:
Lynch, Owen M., 1931-2013  Search this
Extent:
1 Sound cassette (Duration: 90 minutes.)
Container:
Box 71, Item 94
Type:
Archival materials
Audio
Sound cassettes
Date:
circa 1995
Series Restrictions:
Use of archival audiovisual recordings with no duplicate access copy requires advance notice.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Owen M. Lynch papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.
See more items in:
Owen M. Lynch papers
Owen M. Lynch papers / Series 11: Sound Recordings / Field Recordings / Dalits in Agra
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw33b3efaa3-71de-4d10-8d07-f8aadc531a8e
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-11-ref175

6. Interview with Sonya Shankar

Collection Creator:
Lynch, Owen M., 1931-2013  Search this
Extent:
1 Sound cassette (Copy. Duration: 90 minutes.)
1 Sound cassette (Duration: 90 minutes.)
Container:
Box 67-68, Item 45
Type:
Archival materials
Audio
Sound cassettes
Date:
circa 1995
Scope and Contents:
Side 1

2. 1-139 [?] party

3. 140-end Interview with Sonja[?] Shankar and son

Side 2

2. Interview with Sonya[?] Shankar
Series Restrictions:
Use of archival audiovisual recordings with no duplicate access copy requires advance notice.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Owen M. Lynch papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.
See more items in:
Owen M. Lynch papers
Owen M. Lynch papers / Series 11: Sound Recordings / Field Recordings / Dalits in Agra
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3c57eaf56-90f9-4a4a-92c3-afeb0e417fc8
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-11-ref109

Addition to the Will Barnet Papers

Collection Creator:
Barnet, Will, 1911-2012  Search this
Extent:
7.24 Gigabytes
19.7 Linear feet
Type:
Archival materials
Gigabytes
Date:
1897
1929-2016
Scope and Contents:
The addition to the Will Barnet papers received in 2016 includes biographical material, correspondence, writings, diaries and daybooks, gallery and exhibition files, project and professional files, printed material, and photographic material. Measuring 19.7 linear feet and 7.24 gigabytes, the addition greatly expands on the original donation, particularly in the diaries and daybooks, which include entries from over five decades. Barnet's long career and professional activities are also well documented in the gallery, exhibition, project, and professional files.

Additional biographical material includes over twenty interview transcripts, address books, mailings lists, mementos from birthdays and Barnet's memorial, and dozens of resumes and chronologies.

Correspondence in the addition is similar in scope to that received in the original donation and is primarily with Barnet's family, friends, fellow artists, and business associates. Birthday, congratulation, and sympathy cards are also included here.

Writings include dozens of artist and biographical statements, essays, lectures, memorials, condolences, notes, speeches, talks, statements, tributes, and writings about other artists, some of which are duplicates or alternate drafts of writings from the original donation.

Forty-four diaries and daybooks capture Barnet's daily agenda, activities, and reflections.

Gallery and exhibition files contain a wide variety of material that relates to Barnet's exhibition activities both in galleries and museums. Material includes correspondence, checklists, price lists, loan and consignment agreements, shipping receipts, announcements, press releases, wall text, and other writings.

Project and professional files include documentation of a wide variety of printing and publishing projects, professional activities, as well as administrative and business activities.

The additional printed material includes announcements and exhibition catalogs, Art Students League publications, clippings, newsletters, periodicals, press releases, programs, publications related to Barnet's teaching activities, published illustrations, and assorted other printed matter.

Additional photographic material is primarily color photographic prints, along with a few negatives and transparencies. One folder includes photographs of Will Barnet with family, friends, and colleagues. Several dozen packets of photographs from the 1990s-2000s were taken as source photographs that Barnet used to create his paintings. Other photographs document Barnet's artwork in the later part of his career.
Arrangement:
The series is arranged as 8 subseries.

Missing Title

8.1: Biographical Material, circa 1960-2013

8.2: Correspondence, 1949-2016

8.3: Writings, circa 1940-2011

8.4: Diaries and Daybooks, 1952-2010

8.5: Gallery and Exhibition Files, 1942-2014

8.6: Project and Professional Files, 1897, 1952-2013

8.7: Printed Material, 1929-2013

8.8: Photographic Material, circa 1940-2010
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original papers requires an appointment. Use of archival audiovisual recordings with no duplicate access copy requires advance notice.
Collection Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Will Barnet papers, 1897, 1929-2016. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
AAA.barnwill, Series 8
See more items in:
Will Barnet papers
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Art
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/mw908391546-eeda-4bd8-8b6e-9187141e76a0
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aaa-barnwill-ref336

African Art, Women, History: The Luba People of Central Africa (1998)

Collection Creator:
Freeman, Linda, 1941-  Search this
Extent:
1 Linear foot (Boxes 19-20, 30)
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
circa 1990-2000
Scope and Contents:
Original footage includes an interview with curator Mary "Polly" Nooter Roberts, as well as interviews with curators Lowery Sims and Lisa Farrington, art dealer Corinne Jennings, and artists Howardena Pindell and Emma Amos. Extensive location footage of the 1996 Museum of African Art exhibition Memory: Luba Art and the Making of History, curated by Roberts, is also found.

Production material includes amateur footage of Polly Roberts in Zaire, presumably provided to Freeman by Roberts, as well as a project proposal, research, and various scripts and notes. The finished documentary is found in both a long and a short version.
Arrangement:
Interviews with Lowery Sims, Lisa Farrington, Corinne Jennings, and Howardena Pindell conducted on February 18, 1998 cover both Luba and African art subject matter, as well as statements on the life and work on Howardena Pindell, shot and used in the documentary Howardena Pindell: Atomizing Art found in series 13.
Collection Restrictions:
This collection is open for research. Access to original papers requires an appointment and is limited to the Archives' Washington, D.C. Research Center. Researchers interested in accessing born-digital records or audiovisual recordings in this collection must use access copies. Contact References Services for more information.
Collection Rights:
The donor has retained all intellectual property rights, including copyright, that she may own.
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Linda Freeman papers, 1971-2015. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
AAA.freelind, Series 18
See more items in:
Linda Freeman papers
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Art
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/mw98ef238ec-ccf5-4528-97a3-13fad474622c
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aaa-freelind-ref334

Akhil Madhani Innovative Lives Presentation

Topic:
Black Falcon
Innovative Lives Program (NMAH public program series)
Creator:
Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation.  Search this
Interviewee:
Madhani, Akhil  Search this
Speaker:
Berger, Sondra  Search this
Extent:
0.25 Cubic feet (1 Box)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Oral history
Videotapes
Interviews
Date:
1999-12
Scope and Contents:
Collection documents inventor Akhil Madhani and his invention, the Black Falcon, a teleoperated surgical instrument.
Arrangement:
Series 1: Original videotapes

Series 2: Master Videotapes

Series 3: Reference Videotapes

Series 4: Digital Images
Provenance:
Created by the Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation, National Museum of American History, 1999.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but the original videos are stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions. Copies of signed releases on file.
Topic:
Surgical instruments and apparatus -- 1990-2000  Search this
Robotics laboratories -- 1990-2000  Search this
Robot industry -- 1990-2000  Search this
Robotics -- 20th century  Search this
Inventions -- 1990-2000  Search this
Inventors -- 1990-2000  Search this
Genre/Form:
Oral history -- 1990-2000
Videotapes -- 1990-2000
Interviews -- 1980-2000
Citation:
Akhil Madhani Innovative Lives Presentation, 1999, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0709
See more items in:
Akhil Madhani Innovative Lives Presentation
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8f39cb0e8-da95-460d-9ec6-4535b69c3878
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0709
Online Media:

Alternative histories : New York art spaces, 1960 to 2010 / edited by Lauren Rosati and Mary Anne Staniszewski, Exit Art

Author:
Rosati, Lauren 1985-  Search this
Staniszewski, Mary Anne  Search this
Physical description:
404 pages : illustrations ; 26 cm
Type:
Books
Place:
New York (State)
New York
Date:
2012
20th century
Topic:
Art, American  Search this
Alternative spaces (Arts facilities)  Search this
Data Source:
Smithsonian Libraries
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:siris_sil_1003302

American Wine Documentation Project

Interviewer:
Edwards, Nanci  Search this
Fleckner, John A., 1941-  Search this
Green, Rayna, 1942- (Curator)  Search this
Johnson, Paula, Curator  Search this
Creator:
National Museum of American History (U.S.)  Search this
Names:
Red, White, and American (symposium, Washington, D.C. 1996).  Search this
Crew, Spencer R., 1949-  Search this
Interviewee:
Abreu, David  Search this
Barrett, James L. , 1926-2013  Search this
Black, Hollis  Search this
Black, Pat  Search this
Black, Tom, 1959-  Search this
Brambila, Gustavo  Search this
Browning, Keith  Search this
DePuy Dickenson, Joanne, 1927-  Search this
Dias Blue, Anthony  Search this
Draper, Paul, 1936-  Search this
Gallagher, Patricia  Search this
Gates, David S.  Search this
Grgich, Mike (Miljenko), 1923  Search this
Herrera, Rolando  Search this
Kinzbrunner, Rick  Search this
Kuhn, Ron  Search this
Mandy, Steven , Dr.  Search this
Orr, James  Search this
Robledo, Reynaldo  Search this
Schuster, Danny  Search this
Spurrier, Steven  Search this
Taber, George  Search this
Winiarski, Warren, 1928-  Search this
Speaker:
Foley, Dennis  Search this
Levenstein, Harvey A., 1938-  Search this
Extent:
3 Cubic feet (10 boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Audiotapes
Interviews
Photographs
Print advertising
Programs
Videotapes
Date:
1976-2005
bulk 1996-2001
Scope and Contents:
The collection is divided into six series. It includes mostly printed materials and interviews, and dates from approximately 1976 to 2005. There are wine-related event materials, interview transcripts and audiotapes, printed material and histories from people and institutions representing a wide spectrum of the wine business. Wine-related objects, such vineyard and winery tools, are stored with the Museum's artifact collections; documentary materials are held in the Archives Center. Materials from each special event are organized into separate series, which contain records generated at the events and interviews. Series one contains the "Red, White and American Records," series two the "Collectors Event," and series three the "Wine Writers Event." Interviews conducted independently of these events are included in series four. All of the interviews have been partially transcribed and include an abstract and various forms of audiotapes and discs. Series five is composed of printed materials that relate to both specific individuals in the wine business and to more general American wine topics. Most of this material consists of photocopies of original articles. There are also files with materials by and about specific wine writers, such as Anthony Dias Blue, William Heinz, and Dick Rosano. Series five also contains an original telex of George Taber's article about the 1976 Paris Tasting. Series six consists of visual materials, including two landscape photographs of an vineyard in Oregon and two videotaped documentaries on Napa.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into seven series.

Series 1: Red, White, and American : Wine in American History and Culture Records, 1976-1996

Series 2: Collections Event, 2001

Series 3: Reflections: A Day in the Life of a Wine Writer Event, 2002

Series 4: Interviews, 1997-2001

Series 5: Printed Materials, 1997-2001

Series 6: Visual Materials, undated

Series 7; Interviews, 2013
Biographical / Historical:
The American Wine History Project began in 1996 with the intention to document the history of American winemaking, mainly for the post-1950 period. While the project includes winemaking areas around the country, the focus has been on northern and central California. The Project explores the convergence of craft, culture, science, technology, and the environment in modern American winemaking. In conjunction with the project, the Smithsonian held a 2-day symposium, "Red, White and American," with a small accompanying exhibition, entitled, "Doubtless as Good: Jefferson's Dream for American Wine Fulfilled," in 1996 and began gathering objects and other documentation.

Since 1997, National Museum of American History staff members have traveled to California to conduct interviews, take photographs and video footage, and gather materials for the Smithsonian collection from grape growers, winemakers, winery owners, and others important to the business, including wine writers and chefs. Some of the materials were generated from events in Napa, such as the collectors and wine writers events, that were held specifically for the purpose of adding documentation to the Smithsonian project. The documentation project is on-going so materials will continue to be added to the collection.
Provenance:
Some of the materials were generated by the Smithsonian Institution, such as those in series 1 through 3. Others were given by separate donors between 1996 and 2002.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Wine industry  Search this
Wine and wine making  Search this
Genre/Form:
Audiotapes -- 1990-2000
Interviews -- 1980-2000
Photographs -- 1950-2000
Print advertising
Programs -- 1980-2000
Videotapes -- 1990-2000
Citation:
American Wine Documentation Project, 1976-2002, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0817
See more items in:
American Wine Documentation Project
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8c0ebfa21-e4c3-4bf2-ab52-27e5f59f9dd8
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0817

Ann Moore Innovative Lives Presentation

Topic:
Innovative Lives Program (NMAH public program series)
Snguli baby carrier
Weego Baby Carrier
Creator:
Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation.  Search this
Berger, Sondra  Search this
Moore, Ann, 1940-  Search this
Moore, Mike  Search this
Names:
Auckerman, Lucy  Search this
Extent:
2 Cubic feet (5 boxes , BetaCamSP, 1/2 inch VHS videotapes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Audio cassettes
Betacam sp (videotape format)
Floppy disks
Interviews
Oral history
Videotapes
Place:
Africa, French-speaking West
Date:
1999-10
Summary:
Ann Moore is the inventor of the Snugli baby carrier and Air Lift oxygen carrier. The collection contains original, master, and reference videos, audiocassette recordings, and transcripts documenting Moore's inventive career.
Scope and Contents:
This collection contains 5.5 hours of original BetaCam SP recordings, 5.5 hours of master video copies, 5.5 hours of reference copies, 5.5 hours of audiocassette recordings, transcripts, and articles documenting the life and work of Ann Moore, inventor of the Snugli baby carrier and Air Lift oxygen carrier. The recordings include a presentation by Ann and Mike Moore for the Lemelson Center's Innovative Lives Program. Audience participants include students from Seven Locks Elementary School in Bethesda, Maryland; Burrville Elementary School in Washington, D.C.; Barrett Elementary School in Arlington, Virginia; and Jefferson Junior High School in Washington, D.C. Ann Moore's interview includes footage of her home in Colorado and discussions with users of the Air Lift oxygen carrier and Weego baby carrier.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into five series.

Series 1: Original videos, 1999

Series 2: Master videos, 1999

Series 3: Audiocassettes, 1999

Series 4: Reference videos, 1999

Series 5: Supplemental documentation, 1999
Biographical / Historical:
Ann Moore was born in 1940 in a small Ohio farming community and studied pediatric nursing at the University of Cincinnati. She joined the Peace Corps in 1962 as part of a medical team and was sent to Togo. She met her husband Mike Moore during training. While in Togo, Ann Moore noticed that most women tied their babies onto their backs with a long piece of fabric, which made the babies more content. Back in Colorado, Moore wanted to carry her newborn daughter Mandela in the same way. With the assistance of her mother, Lucy Aukerman, Moore designed the first Snugli baby carrier in 1969 (US Patent 3,481,517). She patented the Snugli in 1984 (US Patent 4,434,920). Snugli, Inc. grew from a small company where each Snugli was handmade by Aukerman and her neighbors to a large company with an international presence and a factory in Colorado. In 1985 Ann and Mike Moore sold Snugli, Inc. to Gerico, a Huffy Company. In 1986 Ann invented Air Lift, a soft mesh backpack oxygen carrier so people on oxygen could be more mobile (US Patent 4,739,913).

Ann and Mike Moore became disappointed in how Gerico had simplified the Snugli design so it could be manufactured less expensively so in 1999 the Moores launched Weego, a soft baby carrier similar to the original Snugli. The Weego has some modern improvements, including an adjustable buckle around the top of the carrier instead of pin tucks. The Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation was founded in 1995 at the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American History through a generous gift from the Lemelson Foundation. The Center's mission is to document, interpret, and disseminate information about invention and innovation; to encourage inventive creativity in young people; and to foster an appreciation for the central role invention and innovation plays in the history of the United States. The Innovative Lives series brings together Museum visitors and especially school age children, and American inventors to discuss inventions and the creative process and to experiment and play with hands-on activities related to each inventor's product. This collection was recorded by the Innovative Lives Program of the Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation.
Provenance:
This collection was recorded by the Innovative Lives Program of the Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation on October 15, 1999.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research use.
Rights:
Copyright held by the Smithsonian Institution. Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Reproduction permission from Archives Center: reproduction fees may apply.
Topic:
Infants -- Care  Search this
Inventions -- 1950-2000  Search this
Inventors -- 1950-2000  Search this
Slides  Search this
Women inventors  Search this
Women inventors -- 20th century  Search this
Genre/Form:
Audio cassettes -- 1990-2000
BetaCam SP (videotape format)
Floppy disks
Interviews -- 1980-2000
Oral history -- 1990-2000
Videotapes -- 1990-2000
Citation:
Ann Moore Innovative Lives Presentation and Interview, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0706
See more items in:
Ann Moore Innovative Lives Presentation
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep807245371-e2c3-4d78-b05a-ebd7d0d9b573
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0706
Online Media:

Ashok Gadgil Innovative Lives Presentation and Interview

Creator:
Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation.  Search this
Gadgil, Ashok  Search this
Berger, Sondra  Search this
Names:
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.  Search this
Extent:
0.5 Cubic feet (5 boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Videotapes
Oral history
Interviews
Date:
1998 January 16
1998 April 28
1996 - 1996
Summary:
Original, master, and reference videos documenting an Innovative Lives presentation and interview with Ashok Gadgil, inventor of the UV Waterworks disinfectant unit.
Scope and Contents:
This collection contains original, master, and reference videos, and audio cassettes documenting Ashok Gadgil, inventor of the UV Waterworks, a water purifier.
Arrangement:
The collection is divided into four series.

Series 1: Original videos, 1998

Series 2: Master Videos, 1998

Series 3: Reference Videos, 1998

Series 4: Photographs and Slides, 1998
Biographical / Historical:
Ashok Gadgil, was born in India and is a physicist at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California. Gadgil invented the UV Waterworks, a water purifier that provided reliable, inexpensive water disinfection for the world. The UV Waterworks uses ultraviolet light to kill waterborne pathogens (bacteria, viruses, and molds) and thus purify drinking water. The key to this invention is the effect ultraviolet light has on bacteria and viruses--it triggers the formation of peptide bonds between certain nucleic acids in the pathogens' DNA molecules, which robs them of the ability to reproduce and renders them harmless. Water, powered by gravity, flows down through pipes, passing into a tray where it is exposed to twelve seconds of ultraviolet light before it flows out a spigot. Gadgil used sheet metal, UV lamps, and stainless-steel piping to create this invention.
Separated Materials:
UV Water Works Disinfectant unit is located in the Division of Medicine and Science. See accession #: 1998.0158.01.
Provenance:
This video presentation and interview was created by the Innovative Lives Program of the Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation on April 28, 1998.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but the original videos are stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Water -- Bacteriology  Search this
Water -- Ultraviolet treatment  Search this
Water -- Purification  Search this
Ultraviolet radiation  Search this
Physicists  Search this
Genre/Form:
Videotapes -- 1990-2000
Oral history -- 1990-2000
Interviews -- 1980-2000
Citation:
Ashok Gadgil Innovative Lives Presentation and Interview, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0647
See more items in:
Ashok Gadgil Innovative Lives Presentation and Interview
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep861062837-8187-46c4-8943-4c28529b603a
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0647
Online Media:

Audrey Wells "Women in Jazz" Radio Series

Creator:
Young, Martha  Search this
Wilson, Nancy, 1937-  Search this
Williams, Mary Lou, 1910-1981  Search this
Teagarden, Norma, 1911-  Search this
Rushen, Patrice  Search this
Purim, Flora, 1942-  Search this
Parker, Chan  Search this
McRae, Carmen, 1922-  Search this
McPartland, Marian  Search this
Lincoln, Abbey, 1930 -  Search this
Maria, Tania, 1948-  Search this
Kral, Roy, 1921  Search this
Lieb, Sandra  Search this
Keane, Helen  Search this
KJAZ radio station (San Francisco, California)  Search this
Jones, Etta, 1928-  Search this
Jordan, Sheila, 1928-  Search this
Fitzgerald, Ella, 1917-1996  Search this
Humes, Helen, 1913-1981  Search this
Donald, Barbara, 1942-  Search this
Escovedo, Sheila  Search this
Dearie, Blossom, 1926-  Search this
Dodgion, Dottie, 1925-  Search this
Carter, Betty, 1930-  Search this
Coltrane, Alice, 1937-  Search this
Brackeen, Joanne, 1938-  Search this
Bloom, Jane Ira  Search this
Carroll, Barbara, 1925-  Search this
Cain, Jackie, 1928-  Search this
Anderson, Ernestine, 1928-  Search this
Akiyoshi, Toshiko, 1929-  Search this
Donor:
Wells, Audrey  Search this
Extent:
2 Cubic feet (2 boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Audiotapes
Interviews
Oral history
Date:
1981-1982
Scope and Contents:
Thirty-four tapes of radio shows Wells did on radio station KJAZ in San Francisco on the subject of women in jazz. Some of the sessions featured interviews, while others featured recorded music. The performers and interviewees are listed below.
Arrangement:
1 series.
Biographical / Historical:
Film director and producer, Wells was once a disc jockey on radio station KJAZ in San Francisco.
Related Materials:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History

John and Devra Hall Levy Collection, NMAH.AC1221

Ella Fritzgerald Papers, NMAH.AC0584

Bill Holman Collection, NMAH.AC0733

W. Royal Stokes Collection of Music Photoprints and Interviews, NMAH.AC0766

Joel Dorn Papers, 1966-1987, NMAH.AC.0536

Jeffrey Kliman Photographs, NMAH.AC0628

John Gensel Collection of Duke Ellington Music, NMAH.AC0763

Leonard Gaskin Papers, NMAH.AC0900

Smithsonian Institution Archives

Smithsonian Institution, Division of Performing Arts, Accession T90055
Provenance:
Donated by Audrey Wells to the Archives Center in 2005.
Restrictions:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection is open for research.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Jazz  Search this
Jazz musicians -- United States  Search this
Music -- 20th century  Search this
Musicians -- United States  Search this
Radio programs, Musical  Search this
Women in music  Search this
Women musicians  Search this
Genre/Form:
Audiotapes -- 1990-2000
Interviews -- 1990-2000
Oral history -- 1990-2000
Citation:
Audrey Wells "Women in Jazz" Radio Series, 1981-1982, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0899
See more items in:
Audrey Wells "Women in Jazz" Radio Series
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep87e078fa6-5839-49ad-9cad-0607bb79a34f
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0899

Biographical Material

Collection Creator:
Sifuentes, Roberto, 1967-  Search this
Extent:
0.2 Linear feet (Box 1)
0.003 Gigabytes (ER01)
Type:
Archival materials
Gigabytes
Date:
circa 1990-2000
Scope and Contents:
Biographical material includes narrative biographies, interviews with Sifuentes as well as his artistic persona Cybervato in the form of audio recordings, and materials relating to work in the entertainment industry including film crew call sheets and a reading for a voiceover reel on audiocassette. Digital biographical material includes biographies and a rent statement.
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original papers requires an appointment and is limited to the Archives' Washington, D.C. Research Center. Use of archival audiovisual recordings and born-digital records with no duplicate copy requires advance notice.
Collection Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Roberto Sifuentes papers, circa 1988-2006, bulk 1993-2000. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
AAA.sifurobe, Series 1
See more items in:
Roberto Sifuentes papers
Archival Repository:
Archives of American Art
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/mw96ddecb36-1047-44d4-88d4-302fe82f7f07
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-aaa-sifurobe-ref1

Charles Townes Innovative Lives Presentation

Topic:
Innovative Lives Program (NMAH public program series)
Interviewee:
Townes, Charles, Dr., 1915-  Search this
Speaker:
Berger, Sondra  Search this
Creator:
Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation.  Search this
Interviewer:
Nahory, Robert E.  Search this
Extent:
0.5 Cubic feet (3 boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Oral history
Videotapes
Betacam sp (videotape format)
Interviews
Date:
1998-12-02
Scope and Contents:
Videotaped interview with Charles Townes, inventor of the MASER (Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation). The interview was part of the "Innovative Lives" public program series. Videotapes include VHS and Beta Cam SP formats.
Arrangement:
Divided into four series.

Series 1: Original videos

Series 2: Master videos

Series 3: Reference videos

Series 4; Digital images
Biographical / Historical:
Charles Townes was born in Greenville, S.C., July 28, 1915. Graduated from Furman University (1935), Duke University (1936), and the California Institute of Technology (Ph.D., 1939). Appointed to faculty of Columbia University, 1948, where he conceived the idea for the maser. Received Nobel Prize for physics for advances in quantum electronics, 1964.
Provenance:
Created by the Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation, National Museum of American History, 1998.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but the original videos are stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions. Signed oral history releases on file.
Topic:
Electronics -- 1960-2000  Search this
Masers  Search this
Inventions -- 1950-2000  Search this
Physics -- 1960-1990  Search this
Astronomy -- 1960-2000  Search this
Nobel Prizes  Search this
Inventors -- 1930-2000  Search this
Physicists -- 1930-2000  Search this
Genre/Form:
Oral history -- 1990-2000
Videotapes -- 1990-2000
BetaCam SP (videotape format)
Interviews -- 1980-2000
Citation:
Charles Townes Innovative Lives Presentation, 1998, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0673
See more items in:
Charles Townes Innovative Lives Presentation
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep81c3c8951-c682-42b8-93b4-3cb97e23732b
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0673
Online Media:

Chen Zhen : [a tribute] / Antoine Guerrero [organizer ; catalogue editors, Jeffrey Uslip, Rachael Zur ; texts, Jeffrey Deitch ... et al. ; tributes, Eric Angels ... et al. ; translations, Martha Kuhlman, Marine Putnam]

Author:
Chen, Zhen 1955-2000  Search this
Zur, Rachael  Search this
Guerrero, Antoine  Search this
Uslip, Jeffrey  Search this
P.S. 1 Contemporary Art Center  Search this
Subject:
Chen, Zhen 1955-2000  Search this
Physical description:
194 p. : ill. (chiefly col.) ; 31 cm
Type:
Exhibitions
Date:
2003
Topic:
Installations (Art)  Search this
Call number:
N7349.C46 A4 2003
Data Source:
Smithsonian Libraries
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:siris_sil_933102

Chuck Hoberman Innovative Lives Presentation

Creator:
Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation.  Search this
Hoberman, Chuck  Search this
Names:
Hoberman Associates, Inc.  Search this
Extent:
0.25 Cubic feet (3 boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Oral history
Interviews
Videotapes
Date:
1996-05-08
Summary:
This collection contains original videos documenting Chuck Hoberman, inventor the Hoberman Sphere.
Scope and Contents note:
Original videotapes documenting Chuck Hoberman, inventor of expandable geodesic domes and spheres. Hoberman invented the Hoberman Sphere, Iris Dome, and a collapsible frisbee, tent and briefcase.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into three series.

Series 1: Original Videos

Series 2: Reference Videos

Series 3: Photographs and Slides
Biographical/Historical note:
Chuck Hoberman was born in 1956 and attended Brown University and holds a B.F.A. from Cooper Union and a M.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Columbia University. He also holds four patents on ways to pleat sheets (of metal, plastic, or paper), and two patents on truss structures (structures that are based on series of triangles joined together). Hoberman has built expandable geodesic domes and spheres, including a motorized geodesic sphere that expands from 4.5 feet in diameter to 18 feet in diameter. Another dome, the "Iris Dome," could be used for emergency shelters and portable exhibition spaces. He named the dome after the iris of an eye, which also expands and contracts proportionally. Besides the Iris Sphere and a small toy called the Hoberman Sphere, Chuck Hoberman has invented a collapsible frisbee, a collapsible tent, and a collapsible briefcase. Hoberman combines aesthetics (the art of making things look pleasing to the eye) with engineering with problem-solving. His intriguing creations, based on both basic geometry and complex mathematics, solve problems or offer opportunities in the real world. In 1990, he founded his own company, called Hoberman Associates, Inc.
Provenance:
This collection was created by the Innovative Lives Program of The Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation on May 8, 1996. The Innovative Lives series brings young people and American inventors together to discuss inventions and the creative process and to experiment and play with hands-on activities related to each inventor's product.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but the original videos are stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions. Signed copies of release on file.
Topic:
Sphere  Search this
Inventors -- 1990-2000  Search this
Geometry -- Descriptive  Search this
Geometry -- Modern  Search this
Inventions -- 1990-2000  Search this
Domes  Search this
Flying discs (Game)  Search this
Frisbees  Search this
Geodesics (Mathematics)  Search this
Architectural design  Search this
Architecture  Search this
Slides  Search this
Photographs  Search this
Genre/Form:
Oral history -- 1990-2000
Interviews -- 1980-2000
Videotapes -- 1990-2000
Citation:
Chuck Hoberman Innovative Lives Presentation, 1996, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0604
See more items in:
Chuck Hoberman Innovative Lives Presentation
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8ec72e45a-fb83-4288-87d8-8dd05ed991c0
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0604
Online Media:

Computer World Smithsonian Awards

Creator:
Smithsonian Institution  Search this
Computerworld Magazine.  Search this
Former owner:
National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Computers, Information and Society  Search this
Extent:
145 Cubic feet (341 document boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Videotapes
Software
Questionnaires
Photographs
Interviews
Essays
Date:
1989-2000
Summary:
Collection documents an awards program established in 1989 as a partnership between Computerworld Magazine and the Smithsonian Institution. The Computer World Smithsonian Awards (CWSA) brought together the Chairmen of Chief Executive Officers of the world's foremost information technology companies with the world's leading universities, libraries and research institutions to document a revolution in progress—the global information technology revolution. The program identified men, women, organizations and institutions leading the technology revolution and asked them to contribute case studies. Collection consists of case studies which include questionnaires, essays, oral histories, conference proceedings, publications, video tapes, photographs, slides, software, and product samples about each project.
Scope and Contents:
An important part of the award process was that nominees actively created the permanent record of their work, for inclusion in the permanent CWSA archives at the Smithsonian. Strict guidelines were set up to ensure that a complete record was created. Each nomination had to be in the form of a packet of primary source materials about the project. Nominees were instructed on the types of materials to include and were required to answer a standard questionnaire and write an essay about the significance of the project. As a result, each case study includes a wealth of information about the project, including oral histories, conference proceedings, publications, video tapes, photographs and slides, software, examples of the product generated, and other records, as well as the standardized information required by the program. The collection is arranged into thirteen series chronologically.
Arrangement:
Collection is arranged into thirteen series.

Series 1, General

Series 2, 1989

Series, 3, 1990

Series 4, 1991

Series 5, 1992

Series 6, 1993

Series 7, 1994

Series 8, 1995

Series 9, 1996

Series 10, 1997

Series 11, 1998

Series 12, 1999

Series 13, 2000
Biographical / Historical:
Established in 1989 as a partnership between Computerworld Magazine and the Smithsonian Institution, the Computer World Smithsonian Awards (CWSA) Program brought together the Chairmen or Chief Executive Officers of the world's foremost information technology companies with the world's leading universities, libraries and research institutions to document a revolution in progress: the global information technology revolution.

The awards program was dedicated to identifying the men and women, organizations and institutions, that were leading this revolution and to recording the impact of their achievements on society. The first awards were presented in 1991 during a ceremony at NMAH. According to that year's press release, the CWSA awards were created to "recognize heroes of technological innovation, to demystify public perceptions of technology and to clearly identify the benefits technology brings to the lives of the general public."

Over the course of each year, members of the Chairmen's Committee would identify those organizations whose use of information technology had been especially noteworthy for the originality of its conception, the breadth of its vision, and the significance of its benefit to society. Those organizations were asked to contribute a case study regarding their project to the CWSA collection, which was to be housed at the Smithsonian's NMAH. Nominated projects were sorted into ten categories and winners were selected by a panel of distinguished representatives in each specialty. The first year's categories were: business and related services; education and academia; environment, education and agriculture; finance, insurance and real estate; government and non-profit organizations; manufacturing; media, arts and entertainment; medicine and health care; and transportation. The categories changed slightly over the years as the process was refined.

In 2001, the Smithsonian decided to sever its affiliation with the CWSA program. The program continued under the sole auspices of Computerworld magazine, without any Smithsonian connection. New case studies now "become part of the broader, worldwide collection, archived on the world wide web and also presented, in a variety of formats, to archives, museums, universities and libraries in each of the more than 40 countries on six continents represented by the award winners," according to their website (http://www.cwheroes.org/home.asp).
Related Materials:
The Division Information, Technology and Society (now Division of Medicine and Science) holds significant artifacts included with the nomination packets.
Provenance:
Division of the History of Technology
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Copyright held by donor and/or heirs. Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Reproduction permission from Archives Center: fees for commercial use.] .
Topic:
Computers  Search this
Genre/Form:
Videotapes -- 1990-2000
Videotapes -- 1980-1990
Software
Questionnaires
Photographs -- Black-and-white photoprints -- Silver gelatin -- 1980-2000
Interviews -- 1980-2000
Essays
Citation:
The Computer World Smithsonian Awards, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0425
See more items in:
Computer World Smithsonian Awards
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep838c7c38a-0ea0-48ec-b037-fd731bee3444
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0425
Online Media:

Containerization Oral History Collection

Creator:
Harlander, Leslie  Search this
Gibson, Andrew  Search this
Cushing, Charles  Search this
Boylston, John  Search this
Seiberlich, Carl  Search this
Pfeiffer, Robert  Search this
Powell, Stanley  Search this
Richardson, Paul  Search this
Seaton, Bruce  Search this
Horvitz, Wayne  Search this
Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation.  Search this
Katims, Ron  Search this
Morrison, Scott  Search this
Interviewer:
Donovan, Arthur  Search this
Extent:
0.5 Cubic feet (3 boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Transcripts
Oral history
Interviews
Audio cassettes
Date:
1995-1998
Scope and Contents note:
Original audio cassettes and transcripts of oral history interviews with individuals involved in the transportation industry known as containerization. Arthur Donovan was the principal interviewer.
Arrangement:
The collection is ivided into two series.

Serties 1: Audio cassettes, 1995-1998

Series 2: Transcripts, 19956-1998
Biographical / Historical:
This project consists of oral history interviews with individuals who initiated and implemented the post-World War II revolution in the transportation industry known as containerization. This technological and organizational revolution, a product of American innovation and entrepreneurship, has transformed the way cargos are loaded and moved on ships, trains, trucks, and barges. The introduction of trailer-sized containers as the units for loading cargo abroad ships has transformed commercial shipping. Loading items abroad ship in boxes, barrels, and bags, a system known as break-bulk, was replaced by containerization. Containerization is one of the fundamental technologies in modern society.
Provenance:
Commissioned for the National Museum of American History.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Original audio cassettes not available to researchers.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Topic:
Transportation -- 1990-2000  Search this
Transportation equipment industry -- 1990-2000  Search this
Ships -- Cargo -- 1990-2000  Search this
Shipping -- 1990-2000 -- United States  Search this
Shipment of goods -- 1990-2000  Search this
Containers -- 1990-2000  Search this
Containerization -- 1990-2000  Search this
Container ships -- 1990-2000  Search this
Container industry -- 1990-2000  Search this
Genre/Form:
Transcripts
Oral history -- 1990-2000
Interviews -- 1980-2000
Audio cassettes -- 1990-2000
Citation:
Containerization Oral History Collection 1995-1998, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0639
See more items in:
Containerization Oral History Collection
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8a9e12894-8cdb-4381-ae3d-84b4522ce1ee
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0639

Cover Girl Advertising Oral History and Documentation Project

Creator:
Bunting, George L., Jr.  Search this
Brinkley, Christie  Search this
Ellsworth, Scott, Dr.  Search this
Colonel, Sheri  Search this
Giordano, Lynn  Search this
Ford, Eileen  Search this
Hall, L. C. "Bates"  Search this
Grathwohl, Geraldine  Search this
Huebner, Dick  Search this
Harrison, Fran  Search this
Lindsay, Robert  Search this
Hunt, William D.  Search this
McIver, Karen  Search this
MacDougall, Malcolm  Search this
Noble, Stan  Search this
Nash, Helen  Search this
Noxell Corporation.  Search this
Bergin, John  Search this
O'Neill, Jennifer  Search this
Oelbaum, Carol  Search this
Pelligrino, Nick  Search this
Poris, George  Search this
Roberts, F. Stone  Search this
Tiegs, Cheryl  Search this
Troup, Peter  Search this
Weithas, Art  Search this
Witt, Norbert  Search this
Names:
Noxzema Chemical Company  Search this
Extent:
15.5 Cubic feet (30 boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Interviews
Business records
Audiotapes
Bumper stickers
Annual reports
Oral history
Black-and-white photographic prints
Press releases
Scrapbooks
Television scripts
Videotapes
Tear sheets
Place:
Hunt Valley (Maryland)
Baltimore (Md.)
Maryland
Date:
1959-1990
Summary:
The Cover Girl Make-Up Advertising Oral History and Documentation Project, 1923-1991, is the result of a year-long study in 1990, which examined the advertising created for Noxell Corporation's Cover Girl make-up products from 1959 to 1990. The objective of the project was to document, in print and electronic media, the history of Cover Girl make-up advertising since its inception in 1959.
Scope and Contents:
Twenty-two oral history interviews (conducted by Dr. Scott Ellsworth for the Archives Center) and a variety of print and television advertisements, photographs, scrapbooks, personal papers, business records and related materials were gathered by the Center for Advertising History staff. The objective was to create a collection that provides documentation, in print and electronic media, of the history and development of advertising for Cover Girl make-up since its inception in 1959.

Collection also includes earlier material related to other Noxell products, including Noxzema, with no direct connection to the Cover Girl campaign.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into eight series.

Series 1: Research Files

Series 2: Interviewee Files

Series 3: Oral History Interviews

Series 4: Television Advertising Materials

Series 5: Print Advertising Materials

Series 6: Company Publications and Promotional Literature

Series 7: Photographs

Series 8: Scrapbooks
Biographical / Historical:
George Avery Bunting founded the Noxzema Chemical Company in Baltimore, Maryland in 1917. In the 1890s, he left behind a teaching job on Maryland's Eastern shore to move to Baltimore, where he hoped to pursue a career as a pharmacist. He landed a job as errand boy and soda jerk at a local drugstore, where he worked while attending classes at the University Of Maryland College of Pharmacy. Valedictorian of the Class of 1899, Bunting was promoted to manager of the drugstore, which he purchased. Bunting began to experiment with the formulation of medicated pastes and compounds, which he marketed to his customers. In 1909, he began refining a medicated vanishing cream, which he introduced in 1914. "Dr. Bunting's Sunburn Remedy," an aromatic skin cream containing clove oil, eucalyptus oil, lime water, menthol and camphor, was mixed by hand at his pharmacy. Marketed locally as a greaseless, medicated cream for the treatment of a variety of skin conditions, including sunburn, eczema, and acne, the product was renamed "Noxzema" for its reputed ability to "knock eczema." By 1917, the Noxzema Chemical Company was formed. During the 1920s, distribution of the product was expanded to include New York, Chicago, and the Midwest and, by 1926, the first Noxzema manufactory was built in northwest Baltimore to accommodate the demand for nearly a million jars a year.

Having achieved a national market by 1938, Noxzema Chemical Company executives pursued product diversification as a means to maintain the corporate growth of the early years. In the 1930s and 1940s, line extensions included shaving cream, suntan lotion and cold cream, all with the distinctive "medicated" Noxzema aroma.

In the late 1950s, Bill Hunt, director of product development at Noxzema, suggested a line extension into medicated make-up. Creatives at Sullivan, Stauffer, Colwell & Bayles, Incorporated (SSC&B), Noxzema's advertising agency since 1946, suggested that the advertising for the new product focus on beauty and glamour with some reference to the medicated claims made for other Noxzema products. In contrast to other cosmetics, which were sold at specialized department store counters, Noxzema's medicated make-up would be marketed alongside other Noxzema products in grocery stores and other mass distribution outlets. After experimenting with names that suggested both glamour and the medicated claims (including Thera-Blem and Blema-Glow), Bill Grathwohl, Noxell's advertising director, selected Carolyn Oelbaum's "Cover Girl," which conveyed the product's usefulness as a blemish cover-up, while invoking the glamorous image of fashion models. These three elements of the advertising, wholesome glamour, mass marketing, and medicated make-up, remain central to Cover Girl advertising nearly a half-century later.

Beginning with the national launch in 1961, American and international fashion models were featured in the ads. The target audience was identified as women between eighteen and fifty-four and, initially, the "glamour" ads were targeted at women's magazines, while the "medicated" claims were reserved for teen magazines. Television ads featured both elements. Cover Girl advertising always featured beautiful women -- especially Caucasian women, but the Cover Girl image has evolved over time to conform to changing notions of beauty. In the late 1950s and 1960s, the Cover Girl was refined and aloof, a fashion conscious sophisticate. By the 1970s, a new social emphasis on looking and dressing "naturally" and the introduction of the "Clean Make-up" campaign created a new advertising focus on the wholesome glamour of the "girl next door," a blue-eyed, blonde all-American image. In the 1980s, the Cover Girl look was updated to include African-American, Hispanic and working women.

In January 1970, SSC&B bought 49% of the Lintas Worldwide advertising network. After SSC&B was acquired by the Interpublic Group of Companies in 1979, the entire Lintas operation was consolidated under the name SSC&B/Lintas in 1981. With the Procter & Gamble buy-out of the Noxell Corporation in September 1989, the cosmetics account was moved to long-time P&G agency Grey Advertising, in order to circumvent a possible conflict of interest between P&G competitor Unilever, another Lintas account. In 1989 SSC&B/Lintas, Cover Girl's agency since its launch in 1961, lost the account it helped to create and define, but the brand continues to dominate mass-marketed cosmetics.

This project is the result of a year-long study of advertising created for the Noxell Corporation's Cover Girl make-up products, 1959-1990. The effort was supported in part by a grant from the Noxell Corporation. The target audience was identified as women 18-54, and initially, the "glamour" ads were targeted at women's magazines, while the "medicated" claims were reserved for teen magazines. Television ads featured both elements. Cover Girl advertising has always featured beautiful women (especially Caucasian women), but the Cover Girl image evolved over time to conform with changing notions of beauty. In the late 1950s-1960s, the Cover Girl was refined and aloof, a fashion conscious sophisticate. By the 1970s, a new social emphasis on looking and dressing "naturally" and the introduction of the "Clean Make-up" campaign created a new advertising focus on the wholesome glamour of the "girl next door," a blue-eyed, blonde all-American image. Through the 1980s, the Cover Girl look was updated to include African-American and Hispanic models and images of women at work.
Related Materials:
Materials in the Archives Center

Warshaw Collection of Business Americana (AC0060)

N W Ayer Advertising Agency Records (AC0059)
Separated Materials:
"The Division of Home and Community Life, Costume Collection (now Division of Cultural and Community Life) holds eighty-six cosmetic items and one computer that were also donated by the Noxell Corporation in 1990 in conjunction with the oral history project. These artifacts include lipstick, manicure sets, brushes, make-up, eye shadow, blush, powder puffs, eyelash curler, nail polish, and mascara. See accession number 1990.0193.

"
Provenance:
Most of the materials in the collection were donated to the Center for Advertising History by the Noxell Corporation, 1990. All storyboards and videoscripts, and a large collection of business records and proofsheets were donated by George Poris in June 1990. All mechanicals were donated by Art Weithas in June 1990. (These contributions are noted in the finding aid).
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but a portion of the collection is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Copyright and trademark restrictions.
Topic:
Women in advertising  Search this
advertising -- 1930-1940 -- California  Search this
Cosmetics -- advertising  Search this
Endorsements in advertising  Search this
Beauty culture  Search this
advertising -- 1950-2000  Search this
African American women -- Beauty culture  Search this
Modelling -- 1950-1990  Search this
Sex role in advertising  Search this
Radio advertising  Search this
Television advertising  Search this
Genre/Form:
Interviews -- 1950-2000
Business records -- 20th century
Audiotapes
Bumper stickers
Annual reports
Oral history -- 1990-2000
Black-and-white photographic prints -- Silver gelatin -- 1950-2000
Press releases
Scrapbooks -- 20th century
Television scripts
Videotapes
Tear sheets
Citation:
Cover Girl Advertising Oral History & Documentation Project, 1959-1990, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0374
See more items in:
Cover Girl Advertising Oral History and Documentation Project
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep89b09e4c7-64e7-4074-b65e-0d097966d1e3
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0374
Online Media:

Curt I. Civin Video Documentation

Creator:
Vogelstein, Bert  Search this
Kinsler, Kenneth  Search this
Sharrer, Terry  Search this
Civin, Curt I.  Search this
Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation.  Search this
Names:
Baxter Healthcare Corporation.  Search this
Becton Dickinson.  Search this
Johns Hopkins University  Search this
Extent:
0.25 Cubic feet
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Videotapes
Oral history
Interviews
Date:
1997-06-05
Scope and Contents note:
Original videos documenting Curt I. Civins's discovery of the cell surface protein that makes stem cell selection possible; and interviews with Kenneth Kinsler and Bert Vogelstein.
Arrangement:
1 series.
Biographical/Historical note:
In the 1970s when Civin began stem cell research, little was known about progeniters, the cells of all other blood lineages. Civin thought that stem cells had their own identifying surface proteins. To test this, he immunized mice with leukemia cells, some of which he supposed might have that peculiar protein and then harvested the resulting immunoglobulins and reproduced them as monoclonal antibodies. In 1981, Civin discovered an antibody that bound to 1% of marrow cells.
Related Archival Materials:
Prototype of stem cell selector instrument housed in Division of Science and Medicine and Society (now Division of Medicine and Science).
Provenance:
Created by the Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation, National Museum of American History, 1997.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but the original videos are stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions. Signed releases in file.
Topic:
Tumors in children -- 1970-2000  Search this
Physicians -- 1950-2000  Search this
Stem cells  Search this
Oncology -- 1970-2000  Search this
Leukemia in children -- 1970-2000  Search this
Medicine -- 1970-2000  Search this
Cancer research -- 1970-2000  Search this
Cell growth -- 1970-2000  Search this
Genre/Form:
Videotapes -- 1990-2000
Oral history -- 1990-2000
Interviews -- 1980-2000
Citation:
Curt I. Civin Video Documentation, June 5, 1997, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
Identifier:
NMAH.AC.0623
See more items in:
Curt I. Civin Video Documentation
Archival Repository:
Archives Center, National Museum of American History
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8e11b27c0-308f-4796-b4b5-5f35998de23f
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0623

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