Skip to main content Smithsonian Institution

Search Results

Collections Search Center
301 documents - page 1 of 16

MS 7509 Exploraciones en la piramide de Cholula, Puebla

Creator:
Marquina, Ignacio  Search this
Judd, Neil Merton, 1887-1976  Search this
Names:
International Congress of Americanists, XXVII  Search this
Extent:
20 Pages
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Pages
Place:
Mexico -- Puebla -- Cholula -- Archeology
Date:
undated
Scope and Contents:
"Contribucion al XXVII Congreso de Americanistas." Identification on front sheet in hand of Neil M. Judd.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 7509
Local Note:
Mimeographed document
Citation:
Manuscript 7509, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.MS7509
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3bb257c76-ff8f-4814-b28b-71c614d4d0a0
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-ms7509

Clifford Evans collection of photographs of Smithsonian anthropologists

Collector:
Evans, Clifford, 1920-1981  Search this
Photographer:
Harris & Ewing  Search this
Tolman, Ruel P. (Ruel Pardee), 1878-1954  Search this
Names:
National Museum of Natural History (U.S.). Department of Anthropology  Search this
Holmes, William Henry, 1846-1933  Search this
Hough, Walter, 1859-1935  Search this
Judd, Neil Merton, 1887-1976  Search this
Newman, Marshall T. (Marshall Thornton), 1911-1994  Search this
St. Hoyme, Lucile Eleanor  Search this
Stephenson, Robert L. (Robert Lloyd), 1919-  Search this
Strong, William Duncan, 1899-1962  Search this
Wetmore, Alexander, 1886-1978  Search this
Extent:
6 Prints (silver gelatin)
1 Print (halftone or collotype)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Prints
Photographs
Date:
circa 1933-1952
Scope and Contents note:
Photographs depicting members of the Smithsonian's Bureau of American Ethnology and Department of Anthropology. The collection includes photographs of William Duncan Strong, Robert Stephenson, and M.T. Newman in the field (1933, 1938, and 1952); a photograph of Walter Hough and Neil M. Judd (1935); a group portrait of the Department of Anthropology staff on the steps of the Natural History Building (1952); and winners at an award presentation for the department (1952). The collection also includes a photomechanical print with a portrait of William Henry Holmes, made by Harris & Ewing.
Biographical/Historical note:
Clifford Evans (1920-1981) was curator of Latin American archeology for the Smithsonian Institution's Museum of Natural History. Born in Dallas, Dr. Evans grew up in California and graduated from the University of Southern California in 1941. He served in the Army Air Force in World War II and later earned a doctorate at Columbia University.

A former instructor in archeology and anthropology, Dr. Evans joined the Smithsonian Museum of Natural History as a curator in 1951. A pioneer in studies of the prehistoric past of the Amazonian forest and lowlands, he conducted archeological field work throughout South America and in the Pacific Islands. He and his wife, anthropologist Betty Meggers, collaborated on more than 100 scientific articles and monographs. Dr. Evans was honored with the Washington Academy of Sciences Award for Scientific Achievement, the 37th International Congress of Americanists Gold Medal and the Order of Merit from the Government of Ecuador.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 77-80
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Additional photographs of Smithsonian anthropologists can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in Photo Lot 4822, Photo Lot 7A, Photo Lot 7D, Photo Lot 33, Photo Lot 39, Photo Lot 77-52, and Photo Lot 92-35.
Additional photographs by Harris & Ewing can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in Photo Lot 24, Photo Lot 33, and Photo Lot 78-20.
The Library of Congress holds the Harris & Ewing Collection of glass and film negatives.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo lot 77-80, Clifford Evans collection of photographs of Smithsonian anthropologists, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.PhotoLot.77-80
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw38f42567b-8bd1-439f-8652-f001601c4ecf
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-photolot-77-80

MS 7068 History of the International Congress of Americanists, 1874-1900

Creator:
Wilson, Thomas, 1832-1902  Search this
Names:
International Congress of Americanists  Search this
Extent:
82 Pages
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Pages
Date:
undated
Scope and Contents:
Includes brief introduction; summaries of meetings with list of those attending from the U.S. and list of papers read; and note of Walter Hough identifying it as a Wilson manuscript.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 7068
Local Note:
Typescript document
Topic:
Anthropology -- History  Search this
Citation:
Manuscript 7068, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.MS7068
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw30c174852-5e79-4b7d-9f00-1f6f07860114
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-ms7068

Aleš Hrdlička papers

Creator:
Hrdlička, Aleš, 1869-1943  Search this
Correspondent:
American Association of Physical Anthropologists  Search this
Names:
American Journal of Physical Anthropology  Search this
Army Medical Museum (U.S.)  Search this
Hyde Exploring Expedition (1902-1903)  Search this
Institute of Population  Search this
International Congress of Americanists  Search this
Panama-California Exposition (1915 : San Diego, Calif.)  Search this
Smithsonian Institution. Department of Anthropology. Division of Physical Anthropology  Search this
Extent:
206.71 Linear feet (294 boxes, 138 folders, 9 rolled items, and 4 folios)
Culture:
Indians of North America  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Place:
Saint Lawrence Island (Alaska) -- Archaeology
Australia
Alaska -- Archaeology
Mexico -- Anthropology
Florida -- Archaeology
Egypt -- Archaeology
Czechoslovakia
Peru -- Physical anthropology
Kodiak Island (Alaska)
Date:
1875-1966
bulk 1903-1943
Summary:
The papers of Aleš Hrdlička, curator in the Division of Physical Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, United States National Museum of the Smithsonian Institution, offer considerable insight into the development of physical anthropology in the first half of this century. The papers include honors bestowed on Hrdlička, autobiographical notes, correspondence with many of the leading anthropologists of the day, anthropometric and osteometric measurements and observations (forming most of the collection), extensive photographs of Hrdlička's field work, manuscripts, research materials, and "My Journeys" (essentially a diary Hrdlička kept of his field work). In addition, there is material of a personal nature. The papers date from 1875 to 1966, but the bulk of the materials date from 1903 to 1943, the time of Hrdlička's career at the USNM.
Scope and Contents:
This collection is comprised of both professional and personal materials. The professional material includes honors bestowed on Hrdlička, autobiographical notes, correspondence with many of the leading anthropologists of the day, anthropometric and osteometric measurements and observations (forming most of the collection), extensive photographs of Hrdlička's field work, manuscripts, research materials, and "My Journeys" (essentially a diary Hrdlička kept of his field work). The personal material primarily consists of correspondence with his first wife (Marie Dieudonnée Strickler) and other family members, but there are also financial records. The papers date from 1875 to 1966, but the bulk of the materials date from 1903 to 1943, the time of Hrdlička's career at the United States National Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Hrdlička investigated all major questions confronting physical anthropologists of his day (the fossil record of early humans, the arrival of humans in the Americas, human variation, evolution, and eugenics) and made valuable contributions in all these areas. Hrdlička's interests in the establishment of physical anthropology as a distinct and important field, the welfare of the Czech people, early hominids, and variation within the human species are all documented in the collection as are the services he performed for various United States government agencies. He pursued field studies in many different parts of the world, but there are relatively few field notes as such among his papers. There is instead the edited journal "My Journeys," photographs, and physical anthropological forms. There is also relatively little material on his administrative involvement in the USNM. There is no material from Hrdlička's time at the Pathological Institution of the New York State Hospitals; after he resigned, fire destroyed the anthropological records Hrdlička collected as a member of the staff. There are materials in the collection which contradict, or at least complicate, many long-held criticisms of Hrdlička, particularly claims that he was racist and opposed feminist ideas. The collection contains materials of interest to genetic research, including anthropometric measurements, hair clippings and fingerprints.

There are a few items in the collection which are dated earlier than the collection's date span. These are publication dates, and the folders containing the items have been dated accordingly, but they have not affected the dates of the series or collection. There are also a few items which are dated after Hrdlička's death. These dates reflect the fact that the collection was added to by the Department of Physical Anthropology after Hrdlička's death and have been taken into account when formulating dates for the series and collection.

Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Arrangement:
This collection is arranged in 37 series:

(1) Miscellaneous Personal Papers, 1875-1940

(2) Early Personal Correspondence, 1883-1919

(3) Correspondence, 1885-1953

(4) News Clippings and Printed Matter, 1893-1953

(5) Financial Papers, 1910-1943

(6) Journeys to the Southwestern United States and Mexican Indians, 1898-1919

(7) Journeys to the Dakota, Chippewa, Kickapoo, and Shawnee, 1916-1917

(8) Florida Survey, 1918, 1918-1927

(9) Alaska Archeological Expeditions, 1912-1938 (bulk 1926-1938)

(10) Panama-California Exposition Expeditions, 1912-1914

(11) Journey to Egypt, Europe, and Russia, 1908-1909

(12) Journey to South America, 1910, 1910-1912

(13) Journey to the Far East, 1920, 1900-1930

(14) Journey to Australia, Java, India, South Africa, and Europe, 1924-1925

(15) Anthropometric Measurements of Indians Taken at the United States National Museum, 1904-1905, most undated

(16) Bone Studies, 1893-1929, most undated

(17) Old Americans, 1914-1930

(18) Children Who Run on All Fours, 1928-1936

(19) Early Man Studies, 1906-1930

(20) European Ethnic History, 1908-1938

(21) Miscellaneous Research Notes, 1887-1930

(22) Manuscripts of Writings, 1901-1944, most undated

(23) Writings by Other Authors, 1877-1942

(24) Anthropometry, undated

(25) "From My Journeys", 1898-1938

(26) -- American Journal of Physical Anthropology -- , 1918-1931

(27) American Association of Physical Anthropologists, 1924-1931

(28) International Congress of Americanists, 1900-1928

(29) Institute of Population, 1942

(30) Department of Anthropology, 1914-1943

(31) Lecture Notes, 1920-1932

(32) Maps and Charts, 1900-1932

(33) Miscellany, 1895-1954

(34) Index Cards, 1899-1948

(35) Bibliographic Index, undated

(36) Physical Anthropology Folios, undated

(37) Photographs, 1887-1944
Biographical Note:
Aleš Hrdlička was born in Bohemia in 1869 and came to America when he was thirteen. As a young man, he was trained in medicine at New York's Eclectic Medical College and the New York Homeopathic Medical College, receiving degrees from each. His first professional work was as a private practitioner, but he gave that up in 1894 when he joined the staff of the New York State Hospital for the Insane at Middletown. There, in addition to other duties, he began studies of the physical characteristics of inmates. This set in motion developments that would eventually lead him to become one of the world's most prominent anthropologists who has sometimes been referred to as "the founder of physical anthropology in America."

In 1896, in preparation for a research appointment with the Department of Anthropology in the Pathological Institute of the New York State Hospitals, Hrdlička went to Paris and studied with Leon Manouvrier. After his return to America, he worked for a short period with the Pathological Institute and came into contact with G.S. Huntington of the College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York. Hrdlička arranged and studied Huntington's large collection of skeletal material, thus gaining knowledge of a well-documented collection representing largely normal persons of European ancestry. He came to the attention of Frederic Ward Putnam, of the American Museum of Natural History, who arranged for his first anthropological field studies.

It was thus that Hrdlička became a member of the Hyde Expeditions to the American Southwest and northern Mexico. In 1898, he traveled to Mexico with Carl Lumholtz to study the Tarahumaras, Huichols, and neighboring tribes. In subsequent years, he returned to Mexico and the Southwest alone and studied physical characteristics and medical conditions of several American Indian tribes. With this experience and examinations of the Trenton and Lansing skeletal material for Putnam, Hrdlička came fully into the world of anthropology. In 1903, he was appointed head of the newly formed Division of Physical Anthropology in the United States National Museum.

While in his position at the Smithsonian, Hrdlička returned to the Southwest for studies of Pima and Apache children in 1905 and, in the following year, traveled to Florida to examine allegedly ancient remains of man. In 1908, he worked among a number of Indian tribes, including the Menominee, Oglala Dakota, Quinailt, Hupa, and Mohave, in a study of tuberculosis among them. In 1909, he traveled to Egypt with an expedition of the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York in order to study living Egyptians and to examine remains of Egypt's past population. The following year took him to Argentina, Peru, and Mexico. In the first of these, he again examined allegedly ancient remains of man. In Peru, he made a large collection of skeletal material near Trujillo, at Pachamac, and in the Chicama Valley.

From 1912-1914, Hrdlicka undertook a physical anthropological exhibit for the Panama-California Exposition in San Diego and, for this, traveled to eastern Siberia, Mongolia, Peru, and Florida. He also examined fossil remains of man in Europe and directed field work of other anthropologists in South and East Africa, St. Lawrence Island in Alaska, the Philippines, eastern Siberia, and the Ukraine. In 1915, for the Department of Justice, he assessed the racial makeup of Chippewas on the Leech Lake and White Earth reservations in Minnesota and also studied Dakota Indians. In 1917, his field work was directed toward white American families with longtime residence in the United States. In 1918, he carried out a survey of ancient sites in eastern Florida for the Bureau of American Ethnology. In 1920, he traveled to Hawaii, Japan, Korea, and Manchuria in connection with an appointment to lecture at the Peking Union Medical College. As director of the American School for Prehistoric Studies in France, he again studied fossil remains of man in Europe in 1922 and 1923. In 1925, he carried out work in India, Ceylon, Java, Australia, South Africa, and Europe. In 1927, he was again in Europe to deliver the Huxley Memorial Lecture before the Royal Anthropological Society in Great Britain. Between 1929 and 1938, he traveled frequently to Alaska to carry on an anthropological survey. In 1939, he traveled to Russia and Siberia.

Beginning with much of the skeletal collection of the Army Medical Museum, which had been transferred to the Smithsonian in 1898 before he was appointed there, Hrdlička amassed a bone collection that included, among many other specimens, the Huntington collection, casts of fossil remains of man, and a large and diverse North American collection. He also gathered a large collection of human brains. Over three hundred publications resulted from his study of this material, his field work, and his study of specimens in other museums. In addition, he was involved in many other activities. For United States government agencies, he provided services ranging from examinations of human remains for law enforcement officials to providing information and opinions concerning national origins and traits that were needed to interpret laws and form foreign policy. During World War II, he also advised government officials on policies to be pursued with certain national groups following the war.

In 1918, Hrdlička founded the American Journal of Physical Anthropology and remained its editor until 1942. In 1928, he was the major force behind the organization of the American Association of Physical Anthropologists and served as its president from 1928 to 1932. He was also president of the Anthropological Society of Washington in 1907, the American Anthroplogical Association from 1925 to 1927, and the Washington Academy of Sciences from 1928 to 1929. He was chairman of Section H of the American Association for the Advancement of Science in 1918 and secretary of the Committee on Anthropology of the National Research Council in 1917. From the 1920s to the 1940s Hrdlicka was a member of the American Eugenics Society and prepared exhibits for various eugenics congresses. In addition, Hrdlička was a member of the American Philosophical Society and the National Academy of Sciences. He represented the Smithsonian at several international gatherings of scholars, including meetings of the International Congress of Americanists.

Chronology

1869 March 29 -- Alois Ferdinand Hrdlička (Aleš Hrdlička) born in Humpolec, Bohemia

1882 September -- Emigrated to New York City

1888 -- While stricken with typhoid, met M. Rosenbleuth, a physician who arranged for Hrdlička to enroll at the Eclectic Medical College of New York City

1892 -- Enrolled in the New York Homeopathic Medical College and Hospital Published first article, "Scheme of Examination (Medical)," Publications of the Eclectic Medical College Graduated first in his class from the Eclectic Medical College

1894 -- Graduated first from his class from the Homeopathic Medical College Became research intern at the State Homeopathic Hospital for the Insane in Middletown, New York, where he began his studies in physical anthropology Passed state board examination (allopathic)

1895 -- Joined staff of the Pathological Institute of the New York State Hospitals as associate in anthropology

1896 -- Studied anthropology under Leon Manouvrier in Paris

1896 August 6 -- Married Marie Stickler (Dieudonnée)

1898 March-July(?) -- Accompanied Carl Lumholtz on his expedition to northern Mexico, sponsored by the American Museum of Natural History (AMNH), and visited the Tarahumara, Huichol, and Tepecan Indians

1899 Spring -- Resigned from the Pathological Institute to take charge of physical and medical anthropological research on the Hyde Expeditions of the AMNH to the southwestern United States

1899 August -- Hyde expedition for the AMNH to Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, to excavate the site of Pueblo Bonito and to conduct somatological surveys among the Indians; visited Grand Gulch caves in southern Utah; included visits to the Navahos and southern Utes

1900 -- Hyde expedition for the AMNH to New Mexico, Arizona, and southern Colorado to conduct somatological surveys among the Indians; included visits to the Apaches, Yumas, and Pueblo Indians

1902 January-September -- Hyde expeditions for AMNH to southwestern Arizona, New Mexico, and northern Mexico to conduct somatological surveys; included visits to the Tepecanos, Papagos, Opatas, Pimas, Yaquis, Mayos, Huichols, Otomis, Tepehuanes, Maricopas, Yumas, Yavapais, Paiutes, Walapais, and Havasupais

1902 October-December -- Hyde expedition for the AMNH to Mexico for Hrdlička to complete his somatological investigations; included visits to the Tepehuanes, Coras, Huichols, "Nahuas," "Aztecs," and Tarascans

1903 May 1 -- Became assistant curator in charge of the new Division of Physical Anthropology, Department of Anthropology, at the United States National Museum, Smithsonian Institution

1905 -- Expedition under the auspices of the Bureau of American Ethnology to Arizona and New Mexico to complete the observations on the tribes of this region; Hrdlička especially studied Apache and Pima Indian children

1906 February -- Expedition to western Florida to investigate remains of alleged ancient man

1907 -- President of the Anthropological Society of Washington

1908 -- Expedition to Indian schools and reservations in Wisconsin, Washington, California, Arizona, and South Dakota to study tuberculosis for a report to the International Congress of Tuberculosis

1908 December - 1909 May -- Traveled to Egypt, Greece, Turkey, Hungary, Bohemia, Russia, Poland, and Germany to examine human skeletal remains from an excavation in Egypt by the Metropolitan Museum of Art and to study peoples of the Near East

1910 March 28 -- Promoted to curator in the Division of Physical Anthropology

1910 April-September -- Attended the 17th International Congress of Americanists in Buenos Aires and Mexico City Traveled to Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Mexico, and Panama

1912 -- Planned and directed seven expeditions for the physical anthropology exhibit at the Panama-California Exposition held at San Diego in 1915; expeditions included Hrdlička to Siberia and Mongolia and later to Peru; Riley D. Moore to St. Lawrence Island, Alaska; Philip Newton to the Philippine Islands; Vojtech Suk to Africa; Stanislaw Poniatowski to eastern Siberia; Kazimir Stolyhwo to the Birusa caves in Siberia and to the Ukraine; and Jindřich Matiegka to Bohemia

1912 May-Summer -- Traveled to London to attend 18th International Congress of Americanists Traveled to Siberia and Mongolia for the Panama-California Exposition

1912 September -- Traveled to Geneva for the 14th International Congress of Prehistoric Anthropology and Archaeology

1913 January-April -- Expedition to Peru as part the effort for the Panama-California Exposition

1914 November 18 - 1915 January 18 -- Attended Panama-California Exposition

1915 May -- Research for the Department of Justice at the White Earth and Leech Lake reservations in Minnesota to determine non-Indian mixture among Chippewas

1915 December -- Served as General Secretary for the 19th International Congress of Americanists held in Washington

1916 Fall -- Traveled to Florida to examine remains of supposed ancient man

1917 March-July -- Served as Secretary on the Committee on Anthropology of the National Research Council

1917 Summer -- "Old American" research at Yale University, Harvard University, and the University of Virginia and in Tennessee

1917 August -- Sponsored by the American Association for the Advancement of Science, traveled to Oklahoma to visit the Shawnee Agency in eastern Oklahoma and the Kickapoo Indians in McCloud to search for adequate samples of pure blood Indians

1918 -- Elected to the American Philosophical Society Served as Chairman of Section H of the American Association for the Advancement of Science Founded the American Journal of Physical Anthropology and became its long-time editor Surveyed prehistoric sites on the southwest coast of Florida

1918 October 8 -- Death of his wife Marie

1920 -- Anthropometry published by the Wistar Institute Elected an honorary fellow of the Royal Anthropological Society of Great Britain

1920 Summer -- Married Mina (Vilemina) Mansfield

1920 January-May -- Visited Japan, Korea, Manchuria, northern China, Mongolia, and Hawaii Lectured at Peking Union Medical College in China

1920 Fall -- Visited Minnesota Chippewa (at the White Earth Reservation?) to help the Department of Justice setter the question of mixed and pure bloods among the Chippewa

1921 -- Elected to the National Academy of Sciences

1922 -- Visited Spain, France, Germany, Moravia, and England Awarded honorary Sc.D. degree from the University of Prague Chairman of the American delegation to the 20th International Congress of Americanists in Rio de Janiero

1923 -- Served three and one-half months as Director of the American School in France for Prehistoric Studies Visited England, Holland, Belgium, France, Germany, Bohemia, Austria, Croatia, and Italy

1925 -- The Old Americans published by Williams and Wilkins Co.

1925 March-October -- Traveled to Australia, Java, India, South Africa, and Europe on a trip sponsored by the Buffalo [New York] Society of Natural Science to obtain cranial measurements of Australian aborigines and Tasmanians, to investigate the Rhodesian Man site in South Africa, to survey the field of early man, and to collect data to support his hypothesis about the peopling of the Earth

1925-1926 -- President of the American Anthropological Association

1926 -- Awarded honorary Sc.D. degree from University of Brno and D.Nat.Sc. degree from Brunn University

1926 May-September -- First fieldwork in Alaska: reconnaissance down the Yukon River to its mouth, around the Bering Sea and through the Bering Strait along the Alaskan coast to Point Barrow

1927 -- Received Huxley Memorial Medal and gave Huxley Lecture on "the Neanderthal Phase of Man" before the Royal Anthropological Society of Great Britain

1928 -- Helped found the American Association of Physical Anthropologists (AAPA)

1928-1929 -- President of the Washington Academy of Sciences

1928-1932 -- Served as first president of the AAPA

1929 -- Fieldwork in Alaska: surveyed the Yukon River from Tanana to its mouth, to St. Lawrence and the Diomede Islands, to Cape Prince of Wales, up to Point Barrow and back to Unalaska Awarded honorary Sc.D. degree from Charles University, Prague

1930 -- Published The Skeletal Remains of Early Man, Vol. 83 Smithsonian Miscellaneous collections Published "Anthropological Survey in Alaska," Forty-sixth Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology, pp. 21-374

1930 Summer -- Fieldwork in Alaska: surveyed the Kuskokwim River from Bethel down river to Apogak and up river to Stony River

1931 -- Children Who Run on All Fours published by McGraw-Hill Book Co.

1931 Summer -- Fieldwork in Alaska: excavated at Our (Jones) point site, trial excavations at Chief's Point and other sites, and a survey of Kodiak Island

1932 -- Kober Foundation lecturer of Georgetown University

1932 Summer -- Fieldwork in Alaska: excavated at Our (Jones) Point site, trial excavations at Chief's Point and other sites, and a survey of Kodiak Island

1934 Summer -- Fieldwork in Alaska: excavated at Our (Jones) Point site and surveyed Cooks Inlet sites and the mainland opposite the Our Point site

1935 Summer -- Fieldwork in Alaska: excavated at Our (Jones) Point site

1936 Summer -- Fieldwork in Alaska: excavated at Our (Jones) Point site and surveyed the Dutch Harbor caves, some of the Aleutian Islands, and the mummy cave on Kagamil Island

1937 Summer -- Fieldwork in Alaska: surveyed the Aleutian Islands and Commander Islands

1938 Summer -- Fieldwork in Alaska: surveyed the Aleutian Islands, Dutch Harbor caves, and Commander Islands

1939 April 4 -- Testimonial dinner given by the American Association of Physical Anthropologists in honor of his 70th birthday

1939 April-June -- Recuperated in London hospital after suffering a coronary occlusion

1942 March 31 -- Retired from curatorship at United States National Museum, becoming an associate in anthropology

1942 December -- Resigned as editor of the American Journal of Physical Anthropology

1943 -- Alaska Diary published by Cattell Press

1943 September 5 -- Died of heart attack

1944 -- Anthropology of Kodiak Island published by Wistar Institute

1945 -- The Aleutian and Commander Islands and Their Inhabitants published by Wistar Institute

1969 -- Tenth Anthropological Congress of the Czechoslovak Academy of Sciences dedicated to Hrdlička in the 100th anniversary year of his birth

Selected Bibliography

1908 -- Hrdlička, Aleš. Physiological and Medical Observations Among the Indians of Southwestern United States and Northern Mexico. Bulletin 34, Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1908.

1912 -- Hrdlička, Aleš. Early Man in South America. Bulletin 52, Smithsonian Institution, Bureau of American Ethnology. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1912.

1919 -- Hrdlička, Aleš. Physical Anthropology: Its Scope and Aims. Philadelphia: The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, 1919.

1920 -- Hrdlička, Aleš. Anthropometry. Philadelphia: The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, 1920.

1925 -- Hrdlička, Aleš. The Old Americans. Baltimore: Williams and Wilkins Co., 1925.

1930 -- Hrdlička, Aleš. The Skeletal Remains of Early Man. Vol. 83, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections. City of Washington: The Smithsonian Institution, 1930. Hrdlička, Aleš. Anthropological Survey in Alaska. Washington: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1930.

1931 -- Hrdlička, Aleš. Children Who Run on All Fours, and Other Animal-like Behaviors in the Human Child. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc., 1931.

1943 -- Hrdlička, Aleš. Alaska Diary, 1926-1931. Lancaster, PA: The Jacques Cattell Press, 1943.

1944 -- Hrdlička, Aleš. Anthropology of Kodiak Island. Philadelphia: The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, 1944.

1945 -- Hrdlička, Aleš. The Aleutian and Commander Islands and Their Inhabitants. Philadelphia: The Wistar Institute of Anatomy and Biology, 1945.
Related Materials:
Additional material in the National Anthropological Archives relating to Aleš Hrdlička can be found in the papers of William Louis Abbott, Henry Bascom Collins, Herbert William Krieger, and Frank Spencer; records of the American Anthropological Association, Bureau of American Ethnology, Department of Anthropology of the United States National Museum (National Museum of Natural History), Science Service, Anthropological Society of Washington, and the United States Army Medical Museum (anatomical section, records relating to specimens transferred to the Smithsonian Institution); and glass negatives of Indians collected by the Bureau of American Ethnology, Smithsonian Institution illustrations.

Additional related photographs can be found in Photo Lot 8, Division of Physical Anthropology collection; Photo Lot 9, Photographs of Indians for the Panama-California Exposition, San Diego; Photo Lot 24, Bureau of American Ethnology, United States National Museum photographs of American Indians; Photo Lot 70, Department of Anthropology portrait file; Photo Lot 78, Miscellaneous negatives; Photo Lot 97, Division of Ethnology collection ("USNM" Collection); Photo Lot 73-26B, Aleš Hrdlička photographs relating to the Panama-California Exhibition; Photo Lot 73-26G, Miscellany; Photo Lot 77-48, Group portraits of International Congress; Photo Lot 79-38, Division of World Archeology collection; Photo Lot 83-41, Division of Physical Anthropology collection of photographs of human bones; and Photo Lot 92-46, Anthropology lantern slides.

Related films can be found in the Human Studies Film Archive under the accession numbers HSFA 1982.2.1, 1982.2.2, 1986.12.1, and 2015.13.1.

Hrdlička's extensive collection of reprints is maintained in the Division of Physical Anthropology.

Frank Spencer's doctoral dissertation "Aleš Hrdlička, M.D., 1869-1943: A Chronicle of the Life and Work of an American Physical Anthropologist" (1979) is the only book length biography of Hrdlička. The Frank Spencer papers, 1836-1999, are available at the NAA and contain original correspondence between Hrdlička and his first wife, Marie Strickler; his childhood report card from 1869; copies of family photos obtained from Lucy Miller, Hrdlička's niece; and an audio recording of Hrdlička speaking at Wistar Institute.

Further material may be found in the Smithsonian Institution Archives.

The University of Alaska Anchorage holds diaries relating to Hrdlička's Expeditions to Alaska in 1936, 1937, and 1938 in the Alan G. May papers. The finding aid for this collection is avialable online at https://archives.consortiumlibrary.org/collections/specialcollections/hmc-0690/ and a trascription of May's diaries from the expeditions is available online at https://scholarworks.alaska.edu/handle/11122/11850
Provenance:
Hrdlička bequeathed his papers to the Smithsonian Institution. The Division of Physical Anthropology maintained them until they were deposited in the National Anthropological Archives in the 1960s. Some papers have come into the collection since then, most recently in 2018. These new accretions came to the collection through Donald Ortner, David Hunt, T. Dale Stewart, the Department of Anthropology, and the University of Alaska.
Restrictions:
The Aleš Hrdlička papers are currently restricted pending ethics review. Please contact the archive to discuss access or request an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Topic:
Human evolution  Search this
Physical anthropology  Search this
Children -- Physical anthropology  Search this
anthropometry  Search this
Ethnology  Search this
Fossil hominids  Search this
Citation:
Aleš Hrdlička papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.1974-31
See more items in:
Aleš Hrdlička papers
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3d88b75be-491f-4f90-b56a-104765d885eb
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-1974-31
Online Media:

Portraits of International Congress of Criminal Anthropologists and International Congress of Americanists

Names:
Hrdlička, Aleš, 1869-1943  Search this
Wilson, Thomas, 1832-1902  Search this
Photographer:
Wilcomb, A. P.  Search this
Extent:
2 Gelatin silver prints (mounted)
1 Albumen print (mounted)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Gelatin silver prints
Albumen prints
Photographs
Date:
1889, 1910
Scope and Contents note:
Group portraits of attendees at congresses, including Smithsonian delegates. One image is a group portrait of attendees -- including Thomas Wilson, delegate for the Smithsonian -- at the Second International Congress of Criminal Anthropologists, held in Paris in 1889. Two additional group portraits, made by A. P. Wilcomb, show attendees at the Seventeenth International Congress of Americanists at Buenos Aires in 1910. Ales Hrdlicka was the Smithsonian and US government's delegate to the Americanists meeting. His name is written on the verso of the ICCA photograph mount.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 77-48
Location of Other Archival Materials:
A history of the International Congress of Americanists, 1874-1900, held in the National Anthropological Archives in MS 7068.
Another photograph of the International Congress of Americanists (from 1902) held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot R76-139.
The National Anthropological Archives holds the Ales Hrdlicka Papers.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo lot 77-48, Portraits of International Congress of Criminal Anthropologists and International Congress of Americanists, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.PhotoLot.77-48
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw36e0ac90f-27d8-48e3-8473-e205f4d5c0e8
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-photolot-77-48

Meeting XLIX: Quito, Ecuador

Collection Creator:
Meggers, Betty Jane  Search this
Evans, Clifford, 1920-1981  Search this
Container:
Box 75
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
1996-1997
Scope and Contents:
Includes photograph prints.
Collection Restrictions:
The Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans papers are open for research. Personal correspondence, however, is RESTRICTED until 2026.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers / Series 5: Conferences and Seminars / International Congress of Americanists:
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw38cd828ae-59e5-40d2-906b-59929fa99a35
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-01-ref1034

Papers for International Congress of Americanists symposium

Collection Creator:
Meggers, Betty Jane  Search this
Evans, Clifford, 1920-1981  Search this
Container:
Box 9
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
1961-1976
Collection Restrictions:
The Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans papers are open for research. Personal correspondence, however, is RESTRICTED until 2026.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers / Series 2: Writings / 2.1: Books, Articles, and Conference Papers
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3f290b3de-5a40-4dc8-b585-27ad87e6b98d
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-01-ref237

XXIX International Congress of Americanists Program

Collection Creator:
Meggers, Betty Jane  Search this
Evans, Clifford, 1920-1981  Search this
Container:
Box 126
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
1949
Collection Restrictions:
The Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans papers are open for research. Personal correspondence, however, is RESTRICTED until 2026.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers / Series 5: Conferences and Seminars
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3c6b4aa9b-b786-441a-b53f-62855326ff65
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-01-ref3218

Culture Areas in South America: An Archeological Point of View

Collection Creator:
Meggers, Betty Jane  Search this
Evans, Clifford, 1920-1981  Search this
Extent:
2 Folders
Container:
Box 8
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
1952-1957
Scope and Contents:
Different versions of this paper were presented at the International Congress of Americanists meeting, 1955 and the AAA annual meeting, 1957.
Collection Restrictions:
The Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans papers are open for research. Personal correspondence, however, is RESTRICTED until 2026.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers / Series 2: Writings / 2.1: Books, Articles, and Conference Papers
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3fd871ca1-ddea-41c6-bb47-2c974f6b1614
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-01-ref42

International Congress of Americanists

Collection Creator:
Meggers, Betty Jane  Search this
Evans, Clifford, 1920-1981  Search this
Extent:
4 Folders
Container:
Box 92
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
1969-1975
Scope and Contents:
Abstracts, papers, and Wenner-Gren application.
Collection Restrictions:
The Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans papers are open for research. Personal correspondence, however, is RESTRICTED until 2026.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers / Series 8: National Program of Archeological Research in Brazil / 8.3: Seminars and Progress Reports
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3e0ba4381-f486-4284-b069-7fbcb0f91045
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-01-ref581

Writings

Collection Creator:
Meggers, Betty Jane  Search this
Evans, Clifford, 1920-1981  Search this
Extent:
10 Linear feet
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
1944-2011
Scope and Contents:
This series contains the writings of Betty Meggers and Clifford Evans. They coauthored many of the papers and also collaborated with other researchers. A significant number of the journal articles and conference papers contain manuscript drafts, related correspondence, and photographs. Some contain published rebuttals to reviews. There are numerous conference papers prepared for meetings of the International Congress of Americanists (ICA) and the American Anthropological Association (AAA). There is significant material related to Meggers's book Amazonia: Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise including notes, reviews and comments, distribution and publishing materials, photographs, correspondence with Aldine Publishing and Smithsonian Institution Press, and material related to the Brazilian, Japanese, and Mexican editions. In addition, there are published reviews written by Meggers and Evans along with letters to the editor. This series is arranged chronologically by date of publication.
Collection Restrictions:
The Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans papers are open for research. Personal correspondence, however, is RESTRICTED until 2026.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.2013-01, Series 2
See more items in:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw39bba3559-fa2b-4798-b983-25c9c2ecfd32
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-01-ref6

International Congress of Americanists:

Collection Creator:
Meggers, Betty Jane  Search this
Evans, Clifford, 1920-1981  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Collection Restrictions:
The Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans papers are open for research. Personal correspondence, however, is RESTRICTED until 2026.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers / Series 5: Conferences and Seminars
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw338711d42-720e-449c-b627-7362764ac45c
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-01-ref797

Meeting XXXI: Sao Paulo, Brazil

Collection Creator:
Meggers, Betty Jane  Search this
Evans, Clifford, 1920-1981  Search this
Extent:
3 Folders
Container:
Box 75
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
1954
Scope and Contents:
Includes premilnary report from Meggers and Evans on fieldwork in British Guiana and a paper presented at the conference.
Collection Restrictions:
The Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans papers are open for research. Personal correspondence, however, is RESTRICTED until 2026.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers / Series 5: Conferences and Seminars / International Congress of Americanists:
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3ad293d9a-a90b-48e0-b7b6-63d88d676f0c
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-01-ref798

Meeting XXIX: New York, New York

Collection Creator:
Meggers, Betty Jane  Search this
Evans, Clifford, 1920-1981  Search this
Container:
Box 75
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
1949
Collection Restrictions:
The Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans papers are open for research. Personal correspondence, however, is RESTRICTED until 2026.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers / Series 5: Conferences and Seminars / International Congress of Americanists:
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw38d075079-5c3b-4cb4-bedd-64519eeee8c9
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-01-ref799

Meeting XXXIV: Vienna, Austria

Collection Creator:
Meggers, Betty Jane  Search this
Evans, Clifford, 1920-1981  Search this
Extent:
2 Folders
Container:
Box 75
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
1959-1960
Scope and Contents:
Includes presentation slides. Also includes material for the annual meeting of the International Congress of Anthropological and Ethnological Sciences in Paris.
Collection Restrictions:
The Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans papers are open for research. Personal correspondence, however, is RESTRICTED until 2026.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers / Series 5: Conferences and Seminars / International Congress of Americanists:
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3a35ee7b8-9bde-4934-aba0-bf144f3f8bce
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-01-ref800

Meeting XXXV: Mexico City, Mexico

Collection Creator:
Meggers, Betty Jane  Search this
Evans, Clifford, 1920-1981  Search this
Container:
Box 75
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
1962
Collection Restrictions:
The Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans papers are open for research. Personal correspondence, however, is RESTRICTED until 2026.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers / Series 5: Conferences and Seminars / International Congress of Americanists:
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw333339b43-2313-4646-809c-17113d0cc07d
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-01-ref864

Meeting XXXVI: Spain

Collection Creator:
Meggers, Betty Jane  Search this
Evans, Clifford, 1920-1981  Search this
Extent:
2 Folders
Container:
Box 75
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
1963-1967
Collection Restrictions:
The Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans papers are open for research. Personal correspondence, however, is RESTRICTED until 2026.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers / Series 5: Conferences and Seminars / International Congress of Americanists:
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw30a9d2ca3-c4d2-4571-8a87-770b1c4f253c
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-01-ref895

Meeting XXXVII: Argentina:

Collection Creator:
Meggers, Betty Jane  Search this
Evans, Clifford, 1920-1981  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Collection Restrictions:
The Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans papers are open for research. Personal correspondence, however, is RESTRICTED until 2026.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers / Series 5: Conferences and Seminars / International Congress of Americanists:
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3191419bc-f619-468d-8b98-c6a28e6e1944
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-01-ref916

Travel requests

Collection Creator:
Meggers, Betty Jane  Search this
Evans, Clifford, 1920-1981  Search this
Container:
Box 75
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
1966
Collection Restrictions:
The Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans papers are open for research. Personal correspondence, however, is RESTRICTED until 2026.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers / Series 5: Conferences and Seminars / International Congress of Americanists: / Meeting XXXVII: Argentina:
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw392972538-4b31-4760-91e6-8e664afa2110
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-01-ref917

Wenner-Gren grant application

Collection Creator:
Meggers, Betty Jane  Search this
Evans, Clifford, 1920-1981  Search this
Container:
Box 75
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
1965-1966
Collection Restrictions:
The Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans papers are open for research. Personal correspondence, however, is RESTRICTED until 2026.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Collection Citation:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
See more items in:
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers
Betty J. Meggers and Clifford Evans Papers / Series 5: Conferences and Seminars / International Congress of Americanists: / Meeting XXXVII: Argentina:
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw301b2702a-e52a-43e2-9aa6-8f4a2d62855c
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-2013-01-ref918

Modify Your Search







or


Narrow By