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Hendricks-Hodge Hawikku Expedition photograph collection

Creator:: Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation Search this

Source:: Skinner, Alanson, 1886-1925 Search this; Hodge, Frederick Webb, 1864-1956 Search this; Coffin, Edwin F. (Edwin Francis), b. 1883 Search this; Pepper, George H. (George Hubbard), 1873-1924 Search this; Nusbaum, Jesse L. (Jesse Logan) Search this; Cadzow, Donald A., 1894-1960 Search this; Schindler, Victor Search this

Names:: Hendricks-Hodge Expedition (1917-1923). Search this; Hendricks, Harmon Washington, 1846-1928 Search this; Heye, George G. (George Gustav), 1874-1957 Search this; Heye, Thea Search this

Former owner:: Cadzow, Donald A., 1894-1960 Search this; Coffin, Edwin F. (Edwin Francis), b. 1883 Search this; Hodge, Frederick Webb, 1864-1956 Search this; Nusbaum, Jesse L. (Jesse Logan) Search this; Pepper, George H. (George Hubbard), 1873-1924 Search this; Schindler, Victor Search this; Skinner, Alanson, 1886-1925 Search this

Extent:: 1122 Negatives (photographic); 250 Photographic prints; 4.25 Linear feet

Culture:: A:shiwi (Zuni) Search this; American Indians -- Southwest Search this

Type:: Collection descriptions; Archival materials; Negatives (photographic); Photographic prints

Place:: Hawikuh (N. M.)

Date:: 1917-1923

Summary:: This collection includes negatives and prints created between 1917 and 1923 during the Hendricks-Hodge Hawikku (Hawikuh) archaeological expedition on the A:shiwi (Zuni) Reservation in New Mexico. The expedition which was sponsored by the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, was one of the most extensive archaeological projects conducted at the time. Photographs in this collection were shot by Alanson B. Skinner, Frederick Webb Hodge, Edwin Francis Coffin, George Hubbard Pepper, Jesse L. Nusbaum, Donald Cadzow, and Victor Schindler. Many of the photographs in this collection have been restricted due to cultural sensitivity.

Scope and Contents:: The photographs in this collection were shot between 1917 and 1923 by various archaeologists and ethnographers involved in the Hawikku excavations. This includes Alanson B. Skinner, Frederick Webb Hodge, Edwin Francis Coffin, George Hubbard Pepper, Jesse L. Nusbaum, Donald Cadzow, and Victor Schindler. Many of the photographs in this collection have been restricted due to cultural sensitivity.

Photographs from 1917 were shot by Alanson B. Skinner and Frederick Webb Hodge and include images with Zuni workmen as well as many images of burials (restricted). Photographs from 1918 were shot Edwin Francis Coffin and George Hubbard Pepper. Pepper's photographs include images of Kyusita (Cayusetsa) a Zuni potter, at work. Photographs from 1919 were shot by Jesse Nusbaum and Frederick Webb Hodge and include images of room sites, burials (restricted) and Camp Harmon. There are also images of George and Thea Heye, Harmon Hendricks and Joseph Keppler at the site.

Photographs from 1921 and 1923 were shot by Edwin Coffin and include Portraits of A:shiwi (Zuni) community members, kiva sites and room sites. There are also photographs from Donald Cadzow from 1923. Cadzow was assigned to accompany and assist Owen Cattell during the 1923 filming of events and ceremonies at Zuni (see NMAI. AC.001.001, Museum of the American Indian Ethnographic Film Collection). These include images of pottery making, skin dressing, as well as ceremonial photographs (restricted). Victor Schindler also shot images of the Rain Dance and of Owen Cattell filming at this time.

In addition to on site photographs, there are also object images included in this collection. There are also a small amount of photographs from Kechipauan that are included in this collection, separate from the Louis C.G. Clarke Kechipauan Expedition photographs (NMAI.AC.001.044).

Many of the negatives are glass plate, though the majority were also copied onto acetate "safety film" in the 1960's during a photo conservation project. Any original nitrate negatives were destroyed by the museum.

Arrangement:: Arranged by catalog number.

Biographical / Historical:: The Hendricks-Hodge Hawikku (Hawkuh) Expedition was one of the most extensive archaeological projects ever conducted in the Southwest. With major funding from Harmon W. Hendricks, Frederick Webb Hodge began the field work in 1917 while still with the Bureau of American Ethnology. The first season was jointly sponsored by the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation (MAI) and the Smithsonian Institution. Hodge joined the staff of the MAI in 1918 and subsequent fieldwork during the summers of 1918-1921 was sponsored by this institution. The last field season, during the summer of 1923, was jointly sponsored by the Museum of the American Indian and Louis C.G. Clarke, then director of the University Museum of Anthropology and Archaeology, Cambridge University. Major excavations were carried out at two sites of early historic villages near the modern Pueblo of Zuni, New Mexico: Hawikku (also Hawikuh) and Kechiba:wa (also Kechipawan, Kechipaun, or Kechipauan).

During the work at Hawikku, Hodge supervised a staff which included Jesse L. Nusbaum, Edwin F. Coffin, Samuel K. Lothrop, George Hubbard Pepper, Alanson Buck Skinner, Donald A. Cadzow, and Louis C. G. Clarke. In addition, at least 39 A:shiwi (Zuni) men participated in this excavation of their ancestral villages. Hodge's archaeological techniques encompassed stratigraphic excavation; the systematic recording of rooms, features, artifacts in field notebooks; in situ photographs; and ethnographic analogy. These techniques resulted in the recovery and documentation of thousands of artifacts of diverse types including ceramics, wood, bone, textiles, shell, lithics, and architectural elements from about 370 rooms, 1000 burials, and the large mission church and its associated friary. Hodge published several articles and one book related to the site on specialized topics such as bonework, turquoise, and the history of Hawikku. The only descriptive publication of the excavations, The Excavation of Hawikuh by Frederick Webb Hodge, Report of the Hendricks-hodge Expedition, 19

Related Materials:: See associated materials in the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation records (NMAI.AC.001).

See: Hendricks-Hodge Archaeological Expedition papers. #9170. Division of Rare and Manuscript Collections, Cornell University Library.

See: "The Excavation of Hawikuh by Frederick Webb Hodge: Report of the Hendricks-Hodge Expedition, 1917-1923," by Watson Smith, Richard Woodbury and Nathatlie Woodbury. Contributions from the Museum of the American Indian Heye Foundation, Volume XX, 1966

Provenance:: The photographs in this collection were sent back to the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation by the various photographers over the course of the field work, 1917-1923.

Restrictions:: Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Thursday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu). Photographs with burials, human remains or any other cultural sensitivity are restricted.

Rights:: Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited users to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not changed, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian.

Topic:: Excavations (Archaeology) -- New Mexico -- Photographs Search this; New Mexico Search this; Archeology -- Hawikuh -- New Mexico Search this

Citation:: Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Hendricks-Hodge Hawikku Expedition photograph collection (NMAI.AC.001.042), Item Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:: NMAI.AC.001.042

Archival Repository:: National Museum of the American Indian

EDAN-URL:: ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-001-042

John Peabody Harrington photographs from California

Creator:: Harrington, John Peabody, 1884-1961 Search this

Source:: Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation Search this

Former owner:: Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation Search this

Names:: Bautista, Bob, c.1843-1923 Search this; Heye, George G. (George Gustav), 1874-1957 Search this; Heye, Thea Search this

Extent:: 17 Negatives (photographic); 16 Photographic prints; 2 Copy negatives

Culture:: Chumash Search this; Tachi Yokuts Search this

Type:: Collection descriptions; Archival materials; Negatives (photographic); Photographic prints; Copy negatives

Place:: Santa Barbara -- California -- archeology; Ventura County (Calif.); Santa Barbara (Calif.)

Date:: 1923

Summary:: Negatives and photographic prints taken by John Peabody Harrington in Santa Barbara and Ventura County, California in 1923. John Peabody Harrington (1884-1961) was an ethnologist and linguist who specialized in the Native peoples of California and served with the U.S. Bureau of American Ethnology from 1915 to 1955. Beyond his efforts to document innumerable Native languages, Harrington also collected objects for the Bureau of Ethnology and on his own. Photographs in this collection accompanied the objects he sold to or collected for the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation.

Scope and Contents:: The John Peabody Harrington photographs from California include negatives and photographic prints taken in 1923 by Harrington while in the field. All of the negatives were taken at the Ventura County fair in the fall of 1923. These photographs depict a group of Chumash men building a grass lodge, organized by J.P. Harrington, as well as Bob Bautista, a Tachi Yokuts man, demonstrating traditional boat and house building. George Gustav Heye is pictured in several shots while the Chumash grass lodge is being built. Prints [P11568-P11572] were made from the aforementioned negatives. There is also one copy negative made from one of the subsequent prints.

The remainder of the photographic prints in this collection were taken during the Burton Mound expedition, funded by Thea Heye and led by John Peabody Harrington in 1923. Photographs taken by Harrington show workers excavating the mound as well images of the mound itself. There are four additional photographs from Burton Mound that were not taken by Harrington. These include an image Of J.P Harrington, D.B. Rogers and George W. Bayley standing with excavated materials. Some of these photographs have been restricted due to cultural sensitivity.

Arrangement:: Physically arranged by catalog number. Negatives: N08762-N08766, N08964-N08975, N35868, N36678. Prints: P06039, P05564-P05566, P09497-P09502, P11568-P11572, P28107.

Biographical / Historical:: John Peabody Harrington (1884-1961) was an ethnologist and linguist employed by the Smithsonian Institution's Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE) for forty years, from 1915 to 1955. He came to the Smithsonian after training at Stanford University and the University of California, Berkeley. He became interested in Native American languages upon meeting historically renowned anthropologist A. L. Kroeber. J. P. Harrington was reportedly fluent in nine international languages and eighteen Native American languages.

In 1923, the Museum of the American Indian, Heye foundation provided funding for J.P. Harrington to lead an expedition in Santa Barbara, California to excavate the Burton Mound.

Additional information on John Peabody Harrington can be found on the National Anthropological Archives' website, home to his collection.

Related Materials:: Archaeological materials excavated from Burton Mound can be found in NMAI's archaeological collection. For more information on these object please contact NMAICollections@si.edu.

Provenance:: The negatives were acquired from John Peabody Harrington by the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation shortly after they were taken in 1923. It is likely that prints [P11568-P11572] were made from the negatives some time in the 1930s. Prints from Burton Mound [P09497-P09502] were cataloged by the MAI in 1929 though the additional Burton Mound prints arrived with the collection in 1923. The provenance of P06039 and P28107 is unknown.

Restrictions:: Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).

Some images restriced: Cultural Sensitivity.

Rights:: Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited users to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not changed, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian.

Topic:: Mounds -- California -- Santa Barbara Search this

Citation:: Identification of specific item; Date (if known); John Peabody Harrington photographs from California, Photo Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:: NMAI.AC.001.040

See more items in:: John Peabody Harrington photographs from California

Archival Repository:: National Museum of the American Indian

EDAN-URL:: ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-001-040

Online Media:

Nacoochee Mound excavation photographs

Creator:: Heye, George G. (George Gustav), 1874-1957 Search this; Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation Search this

Source:: Pepper, George H. (George Hubbard), 1873-1924 Search this

Names:: Nacoochee Mound Expedition, 1915 Search this; Coffin, Edwin F. (Edwin Francis), b. 1883 Search this; Heye, Thea Search this; Hodge, Frederick Webb, 1864-1956 Search this; Turbyfill, Charles Orr, 1888-1966 Search this

Former owner:: Pepper, George H. (George Hubbard), 1873-1924 Search this

Extent:: 13 Photographic prints (silver gelatin); 120 Glass plate negatives; 125 Copy negatives (acetate)

Culture:: Mississippian Tradition (archaeological culture) Search this

Type:: Collection descriptions; Archival materials; Photographic prints; Glass plate negatives; Copy negatives; Slides (photographs); Photographs; Black-and-white negatives

Place:: Nacoochee Valley (Ga.)

Date:: 1915

Summary:: The photographs in this collection document the excavation of the Nacoochee Mound, located along the banks of the upper Chattahoochee River in the mountains of northeast Georgia, in the summer of 1915. The excavation was a joint project between the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation and the Bureau of American Ethnology.

Scope and Contents:: The Nacoochee Mound excavation photographs consists of glass plate negatives, photographic prints and copy negatives related to the joint effort of the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation and the Smithsonian Institution Bureau of American Ethnology to excavate the mound in the summer of 1915. The photographic materials primarily depict the mound photographed from various directions before and during excavation, but also objects and antiquities exhumed from the mound and members of the field team posed singly and as a group on the mound site, including George G. Heye and his wife Thea Heye. Any photographs that include images of burials or human remains have been restricted. Other MAI staff photographed include Frederick Webb Hodge, Charles Turbyfill and Edwin Coffin. George Gustav Heye is listed as the photographer but it is much more likely that George Hubbard Pepper or another one of the MAI staff shot the photographs.

Glass negatives include N00478-N00597. The copy negatives (acetate) have the same N #'s as the glass plate negatives and also include N34266, N36690-N36693, which are copies of the photographic prints. These copy negatives were made by the Museum of the American Indian sometime in the 1960s as part of a large photograph conservation project. Silver gelatin prints include P11593-P11605.

Arrangement note:: Arranged by catalog number.

Biographical/Historical note:: Between May and October of 1915, the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation and the Smithsonian Institution Bureau of American Ethnology collaborated to excavate the Nacoochee Mound, located in the Nacooche Valley along the upper Chattahoochee River in northeast Georgia. One of the earliest scientific excavations of its kind in the state of Georgia, the Nacoochee Mound excavation was headed by Frederick Webb Hodge and George Hubbard Pepper and found evidence of at least two mound stages with a total of seventy-five human burials, some of them intrusive from a later time. George Heye, Hodge, and Pepper's co-authored paper, "The Nacoochee Mound in Georgia," appeared in vol. 4, no. 3 of Contributions from the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation.

Although there is also evidence for previous occupation, archaeological evidence at the Nacoochee Mound site and the nearby Eastwood site suggests that these two mound sites probably served as local, primarily administrative, centers during the Middle Lamar Period (approximately late fifteenth to early sixteenth centuries). (particularly Eastwood) The village around Nacoochee Mound has not been excavated but is possibly the site of Nacoochee or Chota, two Cherokee villages documented by Colonel George Chicken's 1715 expedition. These two towns continued to appear on maps until the mid-eighteenth century but were abandoned shortly thereafter.

Separated Materials:: See George Pepper's field notes from the Nacoochee Mound, 1915 in the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation records (NMAI.AC.001) in Box 191, Folder 4-8. All archaeological materials from this excavation can be found in NMAI's archaeology collections.

Provenance:: The negatives are field photographs created by the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation in 1915. It is still not clear when or how the photographic prints came to the Museum of the American Indian, though they were cataloged sometime around 1935.

Restrictions:: Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu). Some photographs are restricted due to cultural sensitivity.

Rights:: Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not modified in any way, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian. For more information please see the Smithsonian's Terms of Use and NMAI Archive Center's Digital Image request website.

Topic:: Excavations (Archaeology) -- Georgia -- Nacoochee Valley (Ga.) Search this; Mounds -- Georgia -- Nacoochee Valley (Ga.) Search this; Antiquities -- Georgia -- Nacoochee Valley (Ga.) Search this; Indians of North America -- Georgia Search this; Indians of North America -- Georgia -- Nacoochee Valley (Ga.) -- Antiqiuties Search this

Genre/Form:: Slides (photographs); Photographic prints; Photographs; Black-and-white negatives

Citation:: Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Nacoochee Mound excavation photographs, Item Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:: NMAI.AC.001.007

See more items in:: Nacoochee Mound excavation photographs

Archival Repository:: National Museum of the American Indian

EDAN-URL:: ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-001-007

Online Media:

Museum of the American Indian/Heye Foundation ethnographic film collection

Creator:: Cadzow, Donald A., 1894-1960 Search this; Cattell, Owen Search this; Coffin, Edwin F. (Edwin Francis), b. 1883 Search this; Ford, James B., 1844-1928 Search this; Gilmore, Melvin R. (Melvin Randolph), 1868-1940 Search this; Hendricks-Hodge Expedition (1917-1923). Search this; Heye, George G. (George Gustav), 1874-1957 Search this; Landini, Louis Search this; Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation Search this; Wildschut, William Search this

Names:: Chaves, Lorenzo Search this; Drags Wolf Search this; Foolish Bear Search this; Heye, Thea Search this; Mandan, Arthur Search this; Waihusiwa Search this

Extent:: 147 Motion picture films; 25 Videocassettes (Digital Betacam); 58 Electronic discs (DVD)

Culture:: A:shiwi (Zuni) Search this; Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke) Search this; Diné (Navajo) Search this; Indians of North America Search this; Minitari (Hidatsa) Search this; Pilagá Search this; Sahnish (Arikara) Search this; San Ildefonso Pueblo Search this; Shoshone Search this

Type:: Collection descriptions; Archival materials; Motion picture films; Videocassettes (digital betacam); Electronic discs (dvd)

Date:: 1917-1938

Scope and Contents note:: This collection of films produced and acquired by the Museum of the American Indian (MAI) contains materials created by and for the MAI as ethnographic studies and as documentation of its own activities (including archaeological expeditions and cultural exchanges) between 1917 and 1938. Tribes represented include: Arikara, Crow, Navajo, Pilaga, Pueblo, Shoshone, and Zuni. Also included is footage of Hidatsa representatives and Zuni translators in Washington, D.C. and at the MAI; footage of MAI founder and director George Gustav Heye; and footage of the Hawikku (Hawikuh) and Kechipauan archaeological sites, Zuni Pueblo, New Mexico. The collection consists mainly of successive 16mm and 35mm negative film duplicates and prints of now-destroyed original 35mm nitrate negatives. Series 4 gathers paper records directly pertaining to the collection. Preservation copies of the films exist on 35mm polyester film and Digital Betacam video tape. Access copies are available on DVDs.

The first series in this collection includes film, video, and DVD duplicates of ethnographic films funded, overseen, and filmed by agents of the MAI throughout the Western and Southwestern United States. The second series includes ethnographic films acquired rather than produced by the MAI of the Navajo and Pilaga. The third series consists of film produced by the MAI documenting its own activities, including an excavation at Hawikuh and Kechipauan, New Mexico; footage of MAI founder and director George Gustav Heye; and footage of Native visitors to the MAI and to Washington, D.C.

Arrangement note:: This collection is arranged into four series and chronologically within each series. Included are Series 1: Films Produced by the Museum of the American Indian, 1923-1927; Series 2: Films Acquired by the Museum of the American Indian, 1923-1924; Series 3: Documentation of Museum of the American Indian Activities, 1917-1938; and Series 4: Paper Records of the Ethnographic Film Collection. Titles within subseries are generally arranged alphabetically, with unrestricted titles listed before those restricted due to culturally sensitive content.

Within the collection, each unit of motion picture film (reel, videotape, or DVD) is assigned an identifying number. In this system, the final four appended numbers correspond to a title and a format. The full identifying number will appear as such: NMAI.AC.001.001.XX.YY, where XX corresponds to a numbered title and YY indicates the format of the print, as follows:

01: 35mm print (1917–1938, circa the original film dates)

02: 16mm dupe neg (made circa 1961 from XX.01 35mm)

03: 16mm print (from XX.02 for release, circa 1961)

04: 16mm print (from XX.02 for file/work or research, circa 1961)

05: 35mm dupe neg (preservation copy, made 2012–2014 from XX.01 and XX.02)

06: 35mm answer print (made 2012-2014 from XX.05)

07: Digital Betacam (preservation copy, made 2012-2014 from XX.06)

08, 09, 10 (if applicable): DVD (access copy, made 2012-2014 from XX.06)

11 and up: other copies and prints (see title-level notes for explanations)

Thus, for instance, the item with the number NMAI.AC.001.001.02.03 is the 16mm release print copy of the title "Deerskin Tanning and Wrapping the Leggings."

The content of each print or negative corresponding to the same title (XX) may be identical or similar. The content of the 1917-1938-era 35mm prints and the 1960s-era 16mm films differ. As the 35mm prints had deteriorated, damaged footage was removed prior to producing the 16mm negatives. After the 16mm negatives were produced, nitrate intertitles and additional damaged footage were also removed from the 35mm prints. The 2012-2014-era 35mm films were made by combining the existing 35mm prints with footage from the 16mm negatives in order to restore the most complete existing content to its highest possible quality. The Digital Betacam and DVD copies reproduce this restored footage.

This preservation and restoration effort was made possible by funding from the National Film Preservation Foundation, Save America's Treasures, and the Smithsonian Collections Care and Preservation Fund, as well as support from the National Museum of the American Indian.

Historical Note:: The Museum of the American Indian/Heye Foundation was founded by George Gustav Heye in 1908 as a repository for his extensive collection of American Indian artifacts. Through the MAI, Heye funded extensive archaeological and anthropological fieldwork throughout the Americas. This collection represents a series of ethnographic films made in the course of MAI expeditions throughout the Western and Southwestern United States, as well as similar films purchased by the museum. The films record a variety of American Indian traditions, including crafts, foodways, games, and ceremonies, and were spurred by the era's perception of Native communities as "fast-disappearing" and vulnerable to dramatic change. The activities recorded range from quotidian to highly culturally sensitive, as followed Heye's all-encompassing collecting strategy.

The MAI's motion picture expeditions took place between 1923 and 1927 and were carried out by a number of agents of the museum, usually in the course of gathering artifacts. Many of these agents were anthropologists accompanied by professional photographers, but other footage is amateur. The MAI treated the series in full as technical educational material, noting in their 1962 motion picture film catalog that "they are not suitable for general entertainment."

The moving image collection of the MAI included these self-produced films as well as similar films purchased by the museum and film shot in the course of the museum's activities, including documentation of archaeological digs, staff, and Native visitors. In 1961-1962, recognizing the educational potential of its collection, the MAI received a grant from the National Science Foundation to transfer the original deteriorating nitrate prints to safety film, discarding film and editing prints in the process. In 2012-2014, the National Museum of the American Indian completed a transfer of the titles to Digital Betacam and DVD formats, combining footage from both original and 1961-1962-era prints to salvage as much content as possible. This work was completed with funding from the National Film Preservation Foundation, Save America's Treasures, and the Smithsonian Collections Care and Preservation Fund.

Restrictions:: Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday–Thursday, 9:30 am–4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).

Ceremonial images are restricted due to cultural sensitivity. Consult the archivist for further information.

Rights:: Permission to publish or broadcast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.

Topic:: Archaeological expeditions Search this; Archeology -- Hawikuh -- New Mexico Search this; Ethnological expeditions Search this; Excavations (Archaeology) Search this; Indians of North America -- Antiquities Search this; Indians of North America -- Great Plains Search this; Indians of North America -- Rites and ceremonies Search this; Indians of North America -- Social life and customs Search this; Indians of North America -- Southwest Search this; Indians of South America Search this

Citation:: Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Museum of the American Indian Ethnographic Film Collection, Call Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.