Search Results

Collection Collector:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History  Search this

Collection Donor:

Becker, John M.  Search this

Gay Officers Action League. GOAL  Search this

Heritage of Pride (HOP)  Search this

Rohrbaugh, Richard  Search this

Atlantic States Gay Rodeo Association (ASGRA)  Search this

Collection Creator:

Hirsch, Leonard  Search this

Guest, Barbara  Search this

Barna, Joseph T.  Search this

Guest, Michael E.  Search this

Cruse, Howard, 1944-2019  Search this

Container:

Box 88, Folder 3

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

1956-1961, undated

Collection Restrictions:

The collection is open for research use.

Researchers must handle unprotected photographs with gloves. Researchers must use reference copies of audio-visual materials. When no reference copy exists, the Archives Center staff will produce reference copies on an "as needed" basis, as resources allow.

Do not use original materials when available on reference video or audio tapes.

Collection Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

Archives Center Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution

See more items in:

Archives Center Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender (LGBT) Collection

Archives Center Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender (LGBT) Collection / Series 3: Community Life / 3.2: Events, Ephemera and Buttons

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8de520b70-033b-4622-a9fa-9238ee6d8bf3

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-1146-ref2537

Collection Collector:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History  Search this

Collection Donor:

Becker, John M.  Search this

Gay Officers Action League. GOAL  Search this

Heritage of Pride (HOP)  Search this

Rohrbaugh, Richard  Search this

Atlantic States Gay Rodeo Association (ASGRA)  Search this

Collection Creator:

Hirsch, Leonard  Search this

Guest, Barbara  Search this

Barna, Joseph T.  Search this

Guest, Michael E.  Search this

Cruse, Howard, 1944-2019  Search this

Container:

Box 190, Folder 44

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

undated

Collection Restrictions:

The collection is open for research use.

Researchers must handle unprotected photographs with gloves. Researchers must use reference copies of audio-visual materials. When no reference copy exists, the Archives Center staff will produce reference copies on an "as needed" basis, as resources allow.

Do not use original materials when available on reference video or audio tapes.

Collection Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Collection Citation:

Archives Center Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution

See more items in:

Archives Center Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender (LGBT) Collection

Archives Center Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender (LGBT) Collection / Series 4: Advertising, Business, and Publications / 4.2: Business

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep847fb09c0-744d-42e7-b8ba-d4dcb3f706ae

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-1146-ref3137

Creator:

Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company  Search this

Consolidation Coal Company  Search this

Donor:

Bethlehem Steel Corporation  Search this

Extent:

23 Cubic feet (99 boxes)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Photographs

Photograph albums

Date:

1885-1940s

Summary:

The collection documents the building, operation and daily life of coal mining communities in Kentucky, West Virginia and Ohio between 1911 and 1946. The collection is a valuable for the study of mining technology and the social conditions of the time period and regions.

Scope and Contents:

The collection consists mostly of photographs depicting Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company mines and mining towns in Maryland, Kentucky, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia. Subjects include worker housing, schools for miners' children, gardens, churches, recreational facilities, health services, company stores, safety, mining machinery, construction of mines and related structures, and the interiors of mines.

Arrangement:

The collection is arranged into two series.

Series 1: Background Materials, 1904-1933

Series 2: Photographs, 1885-1940s

Subseries 2.1: Photograph Albums, 1885-1932

Subseries 2.2: West Virginia Division, 19091-1917

Subseries 2.3: Glass Plate and Film Negatives, 1911-1940s

Subseries 2.4: Numbered Photographs, 1911-1930

Subseries 2.5: Miscellaneous, 1913, 1916

Historical Note:

The Consolidation Coal Company was started in 1864 to mine bituminous coal deposits in Maryland's Cumberland region. it expanded by acquiring other mine companies as well as rail and other transportation companies. It went into receivership in 1932. The Pittsburgh Coal Company, founded in 1900, took over the firm in 1945 and formed the Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company.

The Consolidation Coal Company (Maryland)

The Consolidation Coal Company was incorporated in Maryland on March 8, 1860, for the purpose of effecting a merger of a number of coal operators mining the Georges Creek basin in Allegany County, Maryland. Because of the Civil War, during which Confederate armies frequently blocked the region's only outlet to market, the company was not actually organized until April 19, 1864. Starting life as the dominant operator in this small but significant coal field, "Consol" rose to become the nation's top producer of bituminous coal.

The Georges Creek or Cumberland Coal Field, occupying part of the triangle of western Maryland, contained a high-quality, low-volatile bituminous steam coal which was also, thanks to the Potomac River, the coal of this type most accessible to Eastern markets. Coal had been mined in the region beginning in the 1700s, and the first coal company, the Maryland Mining Company, had been incorporated in 1828. However, large-scale development could not occur until the mid-1840s, after the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad reached Cumberland and provided reliable transportation. This also coincided with the development of ocean steam navigation and a rapid growth in the number of railroad locomotives and stationary steam engines. Cumberland coal was ideal for ship bunkering, and much of the output was shipped to New York Harbor. Naturally, New York capitalists and manufacturers played a leading role in developing the field. Lewis Howell's Maryland and New York Iron and Coal Company rolled the first solid U.S. railroad rail at its Mount Savage mill in 1844. The Consolidation Coal merger was put together by New Yorkers such as William H. Aspinwall, Erastus Corning, the Delanos and Roosevelts, and the Boston financier John Murray Forbes, who already had substantial investments in the region.

Upon its formation, the Consolidation Coal Company acquired the properties of the Ocean Steam Coal Company, the Frostburg Coal Company, and the Mount Savage Iron Company totaling about 11,000 acres. The last named company brought with it control of the Cumberland and Pennsylvania Railroad, which connected the mines to the Baltimore & Ohio and later the Pennsylvania and Western Maryland railroads. In 1870, Consol absorbed the Cumberland Coal and Iron Company of 1840, the next largest operator in the field, and gained an additional 7,000 acres. Further purchases from the Delano interests gave it over 80 percent of the entire Cumberland Field.

Soon after its hated rival, the Pennsylvania Railroad, gained access to the Cumberland Coal Field, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad began purchasing large blocks of Consolidation Coal stock to protect its traffic base in 1875, eventually gaining a 52 percent interest. A B&O slate of directors was elected in February 1877, with Charles F. Mayer of Baltimore as president, and the company offices were moved from New York to Baltimore.

Until the turn of the century, Consolidation Coal's mining operations were confined to the small soft coal region of western Maryland. The company purchased the 12,000 acre Millholland coal tract near Morgantown, W.Va. in 1902 and acquired controlling interests in the Fairmont Coal Company of West Virginia and the Somerset Coal Company of Pennsylvania the following year. These acquisitions boosted Consolidation's annual production more than six-fold in only three years. The company purchased the 25,000 acre Stony Creek tract in Somerset County, Pa., in 1904. The Fairmont Coal Company purchase included a joint interest in the North Western Fuel Company, which owned and operated docks and coal distribution facilities in Wisconsin and Minnesota.

In 1906, the Interstate Commerce Commission held a formal investigation of rail ownership of coal companies, which resulted in the passage of the Hepburn Act and its "Commodities Clause," which prohibited railroads from dealing in the commodities they hauled. In anticipation of the new regulations, the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad sold its entire holdings of Consolidation stock to a Baltimore syndicate headed by Consol president Clarence W. Watson, J. H. Wheelwright and H. Crawford on April 26, 1906. At the time of the B&O's divestiture, the aggregate annual output of Consolidation's mines totaled more than 10 million tons and the company controlled more than 200,000 acres. The John D. Rockefeller interests began purchasing Consol securities in 1915, eventually securing a controlling interest. The company's offices were returned to New York City in May 1921.

After the B&O divestiture, Consol began expanding into the Southern Appalachian coal fields, which were just being opened by railroads on a large scale. The mines in this region yielded a low volatile coal that provided an ideal fuel source for stationary steam engines, ships, and locomotives. Of equal importance, operators in the remote mountains had been able to resist unionization and thus achieve lower operating costs, while all of Consol's previous holdings had been in the so-called "Central Competitive Field" to the north, which had been unionized in the 1890s. Consolidation Coal purchased 30,000 acres in the Millers Creek Field of Eastern Kentucky in 1909 and 100,000 acres in the Elkhorn Field the next year. In February 1922, Consol secured a long term lease and option on the Carter Coal Company, whose 37,000 acres straddled the borders of Virginia, West Virginia and Kentucky. In 1925, Consol became the nation's largest producer of bituminous coal, excluding the captive mines of the steel companies.

During the Great Depression, Consolidation Coal experienced serious financial difficulties and was forced into receivership on June 2, 1932. The Rockefellers liquidated their holdings at a loss, and the Carter Coal Company was returned to the Carter heirs in 1933. Consol was reorganized and reincorporated in Delaware as the Consolidation Coal Company, Inc. on November 1, 1935, and was able to retain its position as one of the nation's top coal producers. Eventually, stock control passed into the hands of the M.A. Hanna Company group of Cleveland, dealers in coal and iron ore. Although production reached record levels during the Second World War, management feared a recurrence of the collapse that had followed World War I. It also faced the prospect of increased competition from oil and natural gas and the loss of traditional markets such as home heating and locomotive fuel. As a result Consol opened negotiations with another large producer, the Pittsburgh Coal Company, which was the dominant operator in the Pittsburgh District.

The Pittsburgh Coal Company

The Pittsburgh Coal Company was a product of the great industrial merger movement of the late 1890s. In 1899, two large mergers were effected in the Pittsburgh District.

The Monongahela River Consolidated Coal and Coke Company was incorporated in Pennsylvania on October 1, 1899 to merge the properties of over 90 small firms operating mines along the Monongahela River south of Pittsburgh. Some of these operations dated to the early 1800s, and all of them shipped coal down the Ohio-Mississippi River system by barge from close to the mine mouth, or later by the railroads built along the river banks. The combination controlled 40,000 acres of coal land, 100 steam towboats, 4,000 barges, and facilities for handling coal at Cincinnati, Louisville, Vicksburg, Memphis, Baton Rouge and New Orleans.

The Pittsburgh Coal Company was incorporated in New Jersey as a holding company on September 1, 1899 and acquired the properties of over 80 operators located in the areas back from the river on both sides of the Monongahela south of Pittsburgh. The combination was engineered by some of the most prominent Pittsburgh industrialists, including Andrew W. Mellon, Henry W. Oliver, and Henry Clay Frick. It controlled over 80,000 acres and six collector railroads, the longest of which was the Montour Railroad. Most of its output was shipped by rail, with a large share being transferred to ships on the Great Lakes for distribution throughout the industrial Midwest. The company owned coal docks and yards at Chicago, Cleveland, Duluth, West Superior, Sault Ste. Marie, Ashtabula, Fairport and Thornburg. Subsequently, the company expanded in southwestern Pennsylvania and the Hocking Valley of Ohio through the lease of the Shaw Coal Company in 1901 and the purchase of the Midland Coal Company in 1903. Most of the properties were vested in a separate Pittsburgh Coal Company, an operating company incorporated in Pennsylvania.

Unlike the Consolidation Coal Company, which had grown by gradual accretion, the Pittsburgh Coal Company had been created in a single stroke. As with many mergers of the period, its capitalization probably contained a high percentage of "water" in anticipation of profits from future growth. Unfortunately, the years after the merger saw explosive growth in the coal fields of Southern Appalachia instead. Although farther from major consuming centers, they enjoyed several advantages. The coal itself was superior, low-volatile with higher BTU content and altogether cleaner than the high-volatile coals of Ohio and the Pittsburgh District. As already noted, the southern mines were also non-union. With the inroads of Southern Appalachian coal, the Pittsburgh Coal Company continuously lost ground in the crucial Lake and western markets from 1900 to 1915. The company's capitalization proved unwieldy in the unsettled economic conditions following the Panic of 1907. A reorganization plan was devised under which a new Pittsburgh Coal Company was incorporated in Pennsylvania on January 12, 1916 by merging the old Pittsburgh Coal Company of Pennsylvania and the Monongahela River Consolidated Coal and Coke Company. The old holding company was then liquidated and the stock of the new operating company distributed to its stockholders. Dissension between the common and preferred stockholders delayed consummation of the plan until July 16, 1917.

The Pittsburgh Coal Company, which had all its operations in the Central Competitive Field, had a much more difficult time than Consolidation in breaking the 1923 Jacksonville Agreement with the United Mine Workers in 1925-1927 and reverting to non-union status. The three-year struggle ended the company's ability to pay dividends. Pittsburgh Coal survived the Depression without receivership but with ever-increasing arrearages on its preferred stock. By the end of World War II, its managers were just as eager as those at Consol to attempt greater economies through merger. The Pittsburgh Coal Company and the Consolidation Coal Company merged on November 23, 1945, with exchange ratios of 65 to 35 percent. Pittsburgh Coal Company, the surviving partner, changed its name to the Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company.

The Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company

After the merger, the M.A. Hanna Company interests of Cleveland became the dominant factor in Pitt-Consol's affairs. Hanna had transferred its pre-merger Consol stock to its subsidiary Bessemer Coal & Coke Corporation in 1943. This led to a restructuring whereby Pitt-Consol acquired Hanna's share of the North Western-Hanna Fuel Company in April 1946 and the Hanna coal properties in eastern Ohio on June 16, 1946 These included large reserves of strippable coal that accounted for about 20 percent of the state's production. Pitt-Consol later acquired Hanna's holdings of coal land in Harrison, Belmont and Jefferson Counties, Ohio, on December 30, 1949. It purchased the New York Central Railroad's 51 percent interest in the Jefferson Coal Company, giving it full control, in 1952 and merged it into the Hanna Coal Company Division.

Pitt-Consol sold its last major railroads, the Montour Railroad and the Youngstown & Southern Railway to the Pennsylvania Railroad and the Pittsburgh & Lake Erie Railroad on December 31, 1946. The Northwestern Coal Railway had been sold to the Great Northern system, and the Cumberland & Pennsylvania Railroad had been sold to the Western Maryland Railway in May 1944.

In addition, a new Research and Development Division was created to fund projects aimed at developing more efficient production methods, new outlets for coal consumption, coal-based synthetic fuels and chemical byproducts. A new coal gasification plant opened at Library, Pa., in November 1948, and the company began the manufacture of a smokeless fuel briquette under the trademark "Disco" at Imperial, Pa., in 1949. An experimental coal slurry pipeline was built in Ohio in 1952.

During the 1950s and early 1960s, Pitt-Consol made many changes in its coal holdings, selling high-cost or less desirable properties, diversifying its reserves across many different coal fields, rationalizing property lines to permit large mechanized underground or strip mines and forming joint ventures with steel companies to secure guaranteed customers. Pitt-Consol acquired the Jamison Coal and Coke Company in 1954 and the Pocahontas Fuel Company, Incorporated, a large producer of low-volatile Southern Appalachian coal, in 1956. In the latter year, it sold its Elkhorn Field properties to the Bethlehem Steel Corporation. As Pittsburgh District operations became less central, the corporate name was changed back to Consolidation Coal Company in April 1958.

The Consolidation Coal Company, CONOCO and CONSOL Energy, Inc.:

Consol continued to expand into the early 1960s. On April 30, 1962, it absorbed the Truax-Traer Coal Company of Illinois. Truax-Traer also mined lignite in North Dakota, a low-grade but low-sulfur coal that was taking a greater share of the power generation market as environmental laws placed greater restrictions on high-sulfur coal from the Central Competitive Field. The following year Consol acquired the Crozer Coal and Land Company and the Page Coal and Coke Company, owners of additional reserves of low-volatile, low-sulfur steam coal in southern West Virginia.

In 1966, just two years after the company marked its centennial, Consolidation Coal was acquired by the Continental Oil Company (Conoco). This was part of a general trend whereby U.S. oil companies extended their reach by acquiring coal reserves and large coal producers. In turn, Conoco was acquired by E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company in 1981. This purchase was motivated by DuPont's desire to obtain better control of chemical feedstocks in an era of high oil prices. Consolidation Coal was not a major factor in the Conoco acquisition and did not really fit into DuPont's strategy, especially after coal and oil prices declined. As a result, it was quickly sold off when DuPont was restructured a decade later. In 1991, a new holding company CONSOL Engery, Inc. was incorporated as a joint venture of DuPont Energy Company and the German energy conglomerate Rheinisch-Westfalisches Elektrizitatswerk A.G., through its wholly owned subsidiaries Rheinbraun A.G. and Rheinbraun U.S.A. GmbH. Consolidation Coal Company became a wholly-owned subsidiary of CONSOL Energy, Inc. DuPont eventually sold most of its half interest, so that by 1998, Rheinbraun affiliates owned 94% of CONSOL Energy stock, while DuPont Energy retained only 6%. CONSOL Energy purchased the entire stock of the Rochester & Pittsburgh Coal Company on September 22, 1998. CONSOL Energy stock began trading on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "CNX" in 1999, with an initial public offering of more than 20 million shares.

CONSOL Energy produced more than 74 million tons of coal in 1999, accounting for approximately 7% of domestic production. The company currently operates 22 mining complexes, primarily east of the Mississippi River.

Source

Historical note from the Consolidation Coal Company Records, Archives Service Center, University of Pittsburgh

Related Materials:

Materials in the Archives Center

The Archives Center holds a number of collections that document coal.

Coal and Gas Trust Investigation Collection (AC1049)

Hammond Coal Company Records (AC1003)

Lehigh Coal and Navigation Company Records (AC0071)

Lehigh Valley Coal Company Records (AC1106)

Philadelphia and Reading Coal and Iron Company Records (AC0282)

Materials in Other Organizations

Archives Service Center, University of Pittsburgh

CONSOL Energy, Inc. Mine Maps and Records Collection, 1857-2002

AIS.1991.16

The CONSOL Energy Inc. collection contains coal mine maps, related documents and topographical information, as well as surface maps and detailed information on mine accidents. Additionally, there are technical drawings, outside notes on multiple mines, traverse and survey books, information on companies and railroads with which CONSOL conducted business, and a variety of non-print materials including photographs, negatives and aperture cards. Digital reproductions of selected material are available online.

CONSOL Energy Inc. West Virginia and Eastern Ohio Mine Maps and Records Collection, 1880-1994

AIS.2004.22

The CONSOL Energy Inc. West Virginia and Eastern Ohio Mine Maps and Records Collection contains coal mine maps as well as surface maps and detailed information on mine accidents in West Virginia and Eastern Ohio. Additionally, there are technical drawings, related documents, traverse and survey books, publications and photographs.

Consolidation Coal Company Records, 1854-1971, bulk 1864-1964

AIS.2011.03

The Consolidation Coal Company (Consol) was created by the merger of several small operators mining the Georges Creek coal basin in Allegany County, Maryland. The company expanded rapidly in the early twentieth century through the purchase of substantial tracts in the coal fields of Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Kentucky as well as docks and distribution facilities in the Great Lakes region. By 1927, Consol was the nation's largest producer of bituminous coal. Following a merger with the Pittsburgh Coal Company in 1945, the company pursued a policy of acquiring companies which afforded opportunities for greater diversification while selling off unprofitable lines. In addition, a new research and development division was created to fund projects aimed at developing more efficient production methods and new outlets for coal consumption. The records of the Consolidation Coal Company and its affiliated companies are arranged in seven series. Minute books and contract files provide the most comprehensive documentation in this collection.

Provenance:

Donated to the National Museum of American History in 1987 by Bethlehem Steel Corporation.

Restrictions:

Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.

Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning intellectual property rights. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Topic:

Mining corporations  Search this

Mining -- West Virginia  Search this

Mining -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Mining -- Maryland  Search this

Company towns  Search this

Mining -- Kentucky  Search this

Mines -- West Virginia  Search this

Mines -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Mines -- Maryland  Search this

Mines -- Kentucky  Search this

Mining and minerals industry  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs -- Black-and-white negatives -- 20th century

Photographs -- 20th century

Photograph albums -- 20th century

Citation:

Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company photographs and other materials, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.1007

See more items in:

Pittsburgh Consolidation Coal Company photographs and other materials

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep86027ae9f-9a84-4277-adcf-d0b5e919ac6a

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-1007

Landscape architect:

Hopkins, Alden  Search this

Parker, Donald H.  Search this

Creator:

Blount Mansion Association  Search this

Knoxville Garden Club  Search this

Collection Creator:

Garden Club of America  Search this

Extent:

1 Slides (photographs) (col.)

Type:

Archival materials

Slides (photographs)

Place:

Tennessee -- Knoxville

United States of America -- Tennessee -- Knox County -- Knoxville

Blount Mansion (Knoxville, Tennessee)

Date:

1987

General:

The gardens were reconstructed from ruins and the documentation from the turn of the century. The kitchen from southeast corner of the garden.The ga

Collection Restrictions:

Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Rights:

Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Topic:

Spring  Search this

Box  Search this

Flower beds  Search this

Tulips  Search this

Houses  Search this

Collection Citation:

Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.

Sponsor:

A project to describe images in this finding aid received Federal support from the Smithsonian Collections Care Initiative, administered by the National Collections Program.

Identifier:

AAG.GCA, Item TN023008

See more items in:

The Garden Club of America collection

The Garden Club of America collection / Series 1: United States Garden Images / Tennessee / TN023: Knoxville -- Blount Mansion

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Gardens

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6e40201ea-2ffb-4227-9322-549e60fbace7

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref11039

Collection Creator:

Garden Club of America  Search this

Extent:

1 Slides (photographs) (col.)

Type:

Archival materials

Slides (photographs)

Date:

1958

General:

No Names for Picture. See lecture booklet - "Small gardens and terraces" - slide # 7. Here the perennial border is dominated by coral bells, columbine, blue flax and yellow iris and spires of the gas plant.

Collection Restrictions:

Access to original archival materials by appointment only. Researcher must submit request for appointment in writing. Certain items may be restricted and not available to researchers. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Collection Rights:

Archives of American Gardens encourages the use of its archival materials for non-commercial, educational and personal use under the fair use provision of U.S. copyright law. Use or copyright restrictions may exist. It is incumbent upon the researcher to ascertain copyright status and assume responsibility for usage. All requests for duplication and use must be submitted in writing and approved by Archives of American Gardens. Please direct reference inquiries to the Archives of American Gardens: aag@si.edu.

Topic:

Spring  Search this

Irises (Plants)  Search this

Walls, stone  Search this

Perennials  Search this

Fields  Search this

Flower beds  Search this

Columbines  Search this

Lupines  Search this

Collection Citation:

Smithsonian Institution, Archives of American Gardens, The Garden Club of America collection.

Sponsor:

A project to describe images in this finding aid received Federal support from the Smithsonian Collections Care Initiative, administered by the National Collections Program.

Identifier:

AAG.GCA, Item GCA019004

See more items in:

The Garden Club of America collection

The Garden Club of America collection / Unidentified Garden Images / Unidentified Locations / GCA019: Unidentified Location -- Unidentified Gardens

Archival Repository:

Archives of American Gardens

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/kb6e9dcf359-2cc0-441a-af0b-dcc22a69738b

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-aag-gca-ref5227

Creator:

Hallett, William E., 1864-1932  Search this

Names:

Alamo Engine Company  Search this

Hall Gas Engine Company Bucyrus, Ohio  Search this

Hayes Wheel Company Albion, Michigan  Search this

Former owner:

National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Work and Industry  Search this

Extent:

0.3 Cubic feet (1 box)

Container:

Box 1

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Correspondence

Photographs

Clippings

Notebooks

Date:

1900-1925.

Scope and Contents note:

The collection relates to Hallett's career as an engineer and his work with engines. The collection includes correspondence, engineering notebooks, writings, photographs, patent materials, clippings, and publications,.

Arrangement:

1 series.

Biographical/Historical note:

Hallett was an engineer for the Alamo Manufacturing Company, and designed the first Alamo Engine. While employed with the Hall Gas Engine Company he developed a heavy-duty gas engine. His last position was divisional chief engineer for the Hayes Wheel Company in Albion Michigan.

Provenance:

Immediate source of acquisition unknown.

Restrictions:

Collection open for research on site by appointment. Unprotected photographs must be handled with gloves.

Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Topic:

Engines  Search this

Engineers  Search this

Patents  Search this

Genre/Form:

Correspondence -- 1900-1950

Photographs -- 1900-1950

Clippings -- 1900-1950

Notebooks -- 1900-1950

Citation:

William E. Hallett Papers, 1900-1925, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.1112

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8916805a7-2197-4b7a-9be6-ecc394cd9c95

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-1112

Creator:

Allis-Chalmers  Search this

S. Morgan Smith Company  Search this

Names:

Atlanta Water and Electric Power Company  Search this

Collector:

National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of History of Technology  Search this

National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Mechanical and Civil Engineering  Search this

National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Work and Industry  Search this

Extent:

23 Cubic feet (105 boxes; 4 map folders)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Advertisements

Catalogs

Photographs

Trade literature

Place:

Atlanta (Ga.)

York (Pa.)

Date:

1890-1914.

Summary:

This collection documents the products and facilities of the S. Morgan Smith Company through photographs and trade literature.

Scope and Contents:

Archival materials, including photographs, advertising art, catalogs and other trade literature, documenting the equipment, facilities, personnel and products of the S. Morgan Smith Company, engineers and contractors. The subjects of the photographs include engines, fire pumps, generators, paper making machinery, turbines, the construction of a dam and hydroelectric station by the Atlanta Water and Electric Power Company, and the Mathis Dam near Atlanta.

Arrangement:

The collection is arranged into three series

Series 1: Company Records, 1877-1961

Series 2: Catalog Art, undated

Series 3: Glass Plate Negatives,

Biographical / Historical:

The S. Morgan Smith Company was an engineering company located in York, Pennsylvania. It was founded by S. Morgan Smith, who patented one of the first washing machines, in 1877. The company became notable for its high-powered water turbines and other hydraulic machinery. The S. Morgan Smith Company later became Allis-Chalmers.

Provenance:

Donated to the National Museum of History and Technology (now the National Museum of American History) in 1968 by the Allis-Chalmers Company.

Restrictions:

Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.

Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Topic:

Dams  Search this

Engines  Search this

Fire pumps  Search this

Generators and generating stations  Search this

Hydraulic engineering  Search this

Hydroelectric power plants  Search this

Power plants  Search this

Turbines  Search this

Water-power  Search this

Genre/Form:

Advertisements

Catalogs

Photographs -- Black-and-white negatives -- Glass -- 19th-20th century

Photographs -- Black-and-white negatives -- Glass -- 1890-1920

Trade literature

Citation:

S. Morgan Smith Company Records, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.1099

See more items in:

S. Morgan Smith Company Records

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep834bcaf09-d452-4e04-abdd-10162af29786

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-1099

Creator:

Smith, Erminnie A. (Erminnie Adele), 1836-1886  Search this

Collector:

Hewitt, J. N. B. (John Napoleon Brinton), 1859-1937  Search this

Informant:

Cornelius, Rev  Search this

Extent:

153 Pages

Culture:

Oneida  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Pages

Date:

1881

Scope and Contents:

Recorded in schedule of John Wesley Powell's Introduction to the Study of Indian Languages 1880 in Hewitt's handwriting except title page. The Lord's Prayer in Oneida with a literal English translation appears on pages 228-229, and the final 9 pages are titled, "Conjugation of the Verb."

Biographical / Historical:

Informant: "Rev. Cornelius, a half breed Oneida."

Local Numbers:

NAA MS 377

Local Note:

manuscript document

Topic:

Lord's Prayer -- Iroquois -- Oneida  Search this

Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this

Citation:

Manuscript 377, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.MS377

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3bf7d0f55-726c-4d8b-8f2c-3b7bce04dcba

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-ms377

Creator:

Merriam, C. Hart (Clinton Hart), 1855-1942  Search this

Extent:

43 Pages

Culture:

Mewuk (Miwok)  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Pages

Date:

undated

Scope and Contents:

Includes names of birds, animals, and plants.

Local Numbers:

NAA MS 4569-b

Topic:

Zoology -- Miwok  Search this

Botany -- Miwok  Search this

Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this

Citation:

Manuscript 4569-b, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.MS4569B

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw382dcb9ca-599d-442a-a685-d38e9c9bb721

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-ms4569b

Collector:

Hewitt, J. N. B. (John Napoleon Brinton), 1859-1937  Search this

Creator:

Buck, Joshua  Search this

Extent:

14 Pages

Culture:

Iroquois  Search this

Seneca  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Pages

Date:

1896

Scope and Contents:

Text and translation.

Local Numbers:

NAA MS 2883

Topic:

Folklore -- Iroquois -- Seneca  Search this

Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northeast  Search this

Citation:

Manuscript 2883, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Sponsor:

Digitization and preparation of these materials for online access has been funded through generous support from the Arcadia Fund.

Identifier:

NAA.MS2883

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw399013e74-d437-42f9-b6e0-84d081bfb48f

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-ms2883

Collector:

Boas, Franz, 1858-1942  Search this

Extent:

414 Pages

Culture:

Kwakwaka'wakw (Kwakiutl)  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Pages

Date:

1897

Scope and Contents:

Manuscript in black ink with red ink, blue and black pencil changes in unidentified handwriting.

Local Numbers:

NAA MS 948

Local Note:

autograph manuscript document

Topic:

Kwakiutl language  Search this

Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this

Kwakiutl (Kwakwaka'wakw)  Search this

Citation:

Manuscript 948, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.MS948

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw377d2ba94-f8a2-4407-be69-c87b7346aeb2

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-ms948

Creator:

Stewart, Jack Thomas, 1926-2005  Search this

Subject:

Thomas, Steffen  Search this

Kahn, Wolf  Search this

Townsend, Rodman  Search this

Romano, Clare  Search this

Toney, Anthony  Search this

Egan, Charles  Search this

Weiner, Sam  Search this

Baxter, Violet  Search this

Walker, Herbert Brooks  Search this

Goulet, Lorrie  Search this

Gold, Nancy  Search this

New York City Transit Authority  Search this

World Trade Center (New York, N.Y.)  Search this

Yale University  Search this

Type:

Drawings

Sound recordings

Paintings

Sketchbooks

Interviews

Transcripts

Video recordings

Citation:

Jack Stewart papers, 1926-2010. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.

Topic:

Street art  Search this

Muralists -- New York (State) -- New York  Search this

Mail art  Search this

Art -- Study and teaching  Search this

Painters -- New York (State) -- New York  Search this

Graffiti art  Search this

Designers -- New York (State) -- New York  Search this

Theme:

Research and writing about art  Search this

Record number:

(DSI-AAA_CollID)15863

(DSI-AAA_SIRISBib)294349

AAA_collcode_stewjack

Theme:

Research and writing about art

Data Source:

Archives of American Art

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:AAADCD_coll_294349

Creator:

Powers, Stephen, 1840-1904  Search this

Extent:

10 Pages

Culture:

Tübatulabal (Kern River)  Search this

Indians of North America -- California  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Pages

Date:

November, 1875

Scope and Contents:

In printed Smithsonian vocabulary form Number 170.

Local Numbers:

NAA MS 811

Topic:

Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this

Citation:

Manuscript 811, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.MS811

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw301db95c6-48d0-4a63-9263-e503775d1238

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-ms811

Physical Description:

glass; paper (overall material)

Measurements:

overall: 1/8 in x 4 in x 3 1/4 in; .3175 cm x 10.16 cm x 8.255 cm

Object Name:

slide, lantern

Subject:

Nursing  Search this

Public Health  Search this

Credit Line:

Gift of the City of New York Department of Health and Mental Hygiene

ID Number:

2018.3042.052

Nonaccession number:

2018.3042

Catalog number:

2018.3042.052

See more items in:

Medicine and Science: Medicine

Health & Medicine

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b4-be4b-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_1953429

Maker:

Osborne  Search this

Osborne, J. W.  Search this

Osborne, John W.  Search this

Physical Description:

paper (overall material)

ink (overall material)

Object Name:

Manuscript

Object Type:

Manuscript

Date made:

ca 1860

ID Number:

GA.80.0310.08

Catalog number:

1980.0310.08

Accession number:

1980.0310

See more items in:

Work and Industry: Graphic Arts

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b1-d2a2-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_1096264

Maker:

L'Isle, Guillaume de  Search this

Engraver:

Guerard, Jr., Nicolas  Search this

Physical Description:

paper (overall material)

ink (overall material)

Measurements:

sheet: 52 cm x 73.5 cm; 20 1/2 in x 28 15/16 in

Object Name:

Map

print

map

Place made:

World

Date made:

1703

Subject:

Indians  Search this

Wild Animals  Search this

Exploration and Discovery  Search this

ID Number:

GA.24330

Accession number:

251,493

See more items in:

Work and Industry: Graphic Arts

Religion

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746ac-0deb-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_1317040

Measurements:

overall: 15.8 cm x 33.4 cm; 6 7/32 in x 13 5/32 in

Object Name:

Print

print

certificate

ID Number:

GA.04221

Accession number:

23155

Catalog number:

GA.04221.01

See more items in:

Work and Industry: Graphic Arts

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746ac-4794-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_1325538

Measurements:

overall: 16.2 cm x 25 cm; 6 3/8 in x 9 27/32 in

Object Name:

Print

print

certificate

ID Number:

GA.04222

Accession number:

23155

Catalog number:

GA.04222.01

See more items in:

Work and Industry: Graphic Arts

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746ac-4795-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_1325539

Measurements:

overall: 20 cm x 14 cm; 7 7/8 in x 5 1/2 in

Object Name:

Print

ID Number:

GA.04225

Accession number:

23155

Catalog number:

GA.04225.01

GA.04225.01

See more items in:

Work and Industry: Graphic Arts

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746ac-489a-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_1325542

Maker:

New York Engraving and Printing Co.  Search this

Object Name:

Print

Other Terms:

Print; Photogravure

ID Number:

GA.13000

Catalog number:

GA.13000.19

See more items in:

Work and Industry: Graphic Arts

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746ac-9346-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_789987