Indians of North America -- Great Plains Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Ledger drawings
Date:
ca. 1875-1878
Scope and Contents:
Bound book of unruled paper, now disbound and laminated. Includes scenes of hunting, ceremonies and daily Indian camp life. The manuscript now contains 14 drawings and the original volume cover. Original sequence of pictures not recorded. Identified as by a Cheyenne prisoner held at Ft. Marion, Florida (1875-78) on the basis of style and content.
Biographical / Historical:
William Babcock Hazen (1830-1887) was born in Vermont and spent his boyhood in Ohio. In 1855, he graduated from the U.S. Military Academy ranked Twenty-eight in his class. Prior to the Civil War, Hazen served with the Fourth and Eighth Infantry regiments, earning distinctions in the field while fighting against Indians in Oregon and southwestern Texas. Hazen went on to serve in the Civil War, where he fought in the Battles of Shiloh and Bentonville. After the war, he served as Inspector General of the Department of the Platte and did a tour at Fort Leavenworth, Kansas. In 1869, he was stationed at Fort Sill, Oklahoma and later at Fort Smith, Arkansas, becoming Superintendent of Indian Affairs in 1870. While serving in this capacity, Hazen worked with various tribes in Oklahoma, including the Comanches and the Creeks. After publicly criticizing the role of the U.S. military in the Indian Wars, Hazen was posted to Fort Buford in Dakota Territory, where he stayed off and on from 1875 through 1880. For more information on William Hazen see Great Plains Command: William B. Hazen in the Frontier West by Marvin E. Kroeker, 1976, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press.
Fort Marion, also known as Castillo de San Marco, is a stone fortress in St. Augustine, Florida. Between 1875 and 1878, seventy-two prisoners from the southern plains were incarcerated in the fort. Captain Richard Pratt supervised the prisoners during their incarceration at Fort Marion. The prisoners consisted of 27 Kiowas, 33 Cheyennes, 9 Comanches, 2 Arapahos, and a single Caddo. They were accused of participating in the recent Red River War, earlier hostilities, or both. For further information on Fort Marion see Karen Daniels Petersen, Plains Indian Art from Fort Marion, University of Oklahoma Press, 1971 and Richard Pratt, Battlefield and Classroom, ed. by R. M. Utley, Yale University Press, 1964.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 154064C
Local Note:
Believed to be "Sioux" by Mrs. Hazen, but re-catalogued Cheyenne on authority of Mrs. Karen Peterson (see USNM catalog card) and R. DeMallie, Guide to Siouan Manuscripts (1969). Per Father Peter Powell (October 1971) the drawings are Cheyenne, probably by Cohoe and certainly by a Ft Marion prisoner. The Sun Dance scene was verified as Cheyenne by William Fletcher and Gordon Yellowman, Cheyenne Sun Dance priests, in 2000.
Indians of North America -- Great Plains Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Drawings
Ledger drawings
Date:
ca. 1875-1878
Scope and Contents:
Two-page drawings showing Sun Dance lodge, dancers in ceremonial body paint, shields and other regalia on display, circle of drummers, many onlookers, and surrounding tipis of camp.
Local Numbers:
NAA INV 08511103
NAA MS 154064C
Album Information:
NAA MS 154064C 011
Genre/Form:
Ledger drawings
Collection Citation:
Manuscript 154064C, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Anonymous Cheyenne drawing of village scene with two rows of painted tipis set in landscape with hills and trees, several shields on display, and wagon in foreground
Indians of North America -- Great Plains Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Drawings
Ledger drawings
Date:
ca. 1875-1878
Scope and Contents:
Four carry leafy branches and may represent preparations for the Sun Dance ceremony. Inscription reads "Lah-le-d-de bae, stoe aba droe-Po-den-dle-poe-ahd."
Local Numbers:
NAA INV 08510702
NAA MS 154064C
Album Information:
NAA MS 154064C 002
Genre/Form:
Ledger drawings
Collection Citation:
Manuscript 154064C, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Indians of North America -- Great Plains Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Drawings
Ledger drawings
Date:
1875
Scope and Contents:
Inscription reads: "Indian Prisoner's Attempt." One train car has man smoking pipe visible in window, probably George Fox, collector of the book. This is probably a small excursion train based near Saint Augustine, Florida.
Local Numbers:
NAA INV 08547110
NAA INV 08547111
OPPS NEG 55056
OPPS NEG 55056A
OPPS NEG 55057
OPPS NEG 55057A
NAA MS 39B
Place:
United States Florida Fort Marion.
Album Information:
MS 39B 010
Genre/Form:
Ledger drawings
Collection Citation:
Manuscript 39B, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
