The collection consists of eight (8) drawings on large sheets of paper, now laminated. Seven are of Cheyenne battles and one is of preparations for a Kiowa ceremony. The sheets are inscribed with various notations in the hand of James Mooney, identifying some individuals depicted and naming the place and date of the fight. The Kiowa drawing (08600900) has been attributed to Silver Horn (Haungooah) on the basis of style. The authorship of the Cheyenne drawings is not certain, but they appear to be by one hand. One drawing (08600300) is inscribed "Flying Out del March 1906," which may be the name of the artist. The date is confusing, as the materials were entered into the Anthropology catalog book in May 1905.
Mooney's captions and numbers appear on the drawings. The significance of "Cheyenne Curtin" and "Elk River" prefaced to the numbers has not been determined. Notations on the drawings that depict the "Republican River" encounter refer to "Stone," probably a source giving an account of the battle. This source has not been identified. It is possible that the drawings were made later, from material that Mooney brought into the USNM in 1904. Or the drawings may have been copied from Mooney's Cheyenne specimen collection at Field Columbian Museum, Chicago.
Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Biographical Note:
James Mooney (1861-1921) was a self-taught ethnologist. He was employed by the Bureau of American Ethnology from 1885 until his death. In this capacity, he worked extensively among the Cherokee, Kiowa, and Cheyenne. Among the Kiowa and Cheyenne, his studies focused on pictorial calendars, the peyote religion, and heraldry, the term he used to refer to the designs on shields and painted tipis. In the course of his study of Kiowa and Cheyenne heraldry, he commissioned many illustrations by native artists.
White Shield (nd) a.k.a. Young Black Bird White Shield, a Northern Cheyenne, was the son of Spotted Wolf and grandson of Whistling Elk. He fought side by side with his adopted brother Yellow Nose in the Rosebud fight. According to accounts of the battle, White Shield was fishing with his nephews when he heard the gunfire of Reno's attack on the south end of the village. He overtook Bobtail Horse and others who were the first to meet Custer in the fight. He was still living in 1908.
Silver Horn, Haungooah in Kiowa, was born in 1860. His name also appears as Hugone, Hangun or Hawgon. He was a member of a prominent Kiowa family. His residential band, led by his father Agiati (Gathering Feathers), actively opposed the governments efforts to confine the Kiowa to a reservation. Members of his family participated in the Red River War of 1874-1875 and were among the last Kiowa to surrender to the military. In 1891, Silver Horn enlisted in Troop L of the 7th U.S. Cavalry. He served with Troop L, which was part of broader experiment involving the enlistment of all-Indian troops, until 1894. In 1901, Silver Horn secured employment with James Mooney, an ethnologist with the Bureau of American Ethnology. Mooney was interested in the designs on Kiowa shields and tipis and hired Silver Horn to produce illustrations of the designs and models of the shields and tipis. The project provided Silver Horn with steady work between 1902 and 1904 and occassional employment between 1904 and 1906. Silver Horn also produced illustrations for Hugh Scott, an army officer and avocational ethnologist. Silver Horn was active in the religious life of the Kiowa. He was a Tsaidetalyi bundle keeper and participated in the Sun Dance, Ghost Dance, and Peyote religion. He was also a member of the Ohoma society. Silverhorn died on December 14, 1940.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 233124
Related Materials:
The Cheyenne images were preliminary drawings made in planning production of a painted hide tipi liner in the collection of the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago (Cat. No. 96,808). Other drawings relating to the tipi liner are held by the National Anthropological Archives in MS 2538 James Mooney notes and drawings on Cheyenne and Kiowa heraldry.
The drawing of preparations for the Kiowa Medicine Lodge ceremony was a preliminary sketch for the hide painting now in the Department of Anthropology object collection, Cat. No. E229,894.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Works of art
Drawings
Citation:
Flying Out drawings of Cheyenne battles and a Silver Horn drawing of the Kiowa medicine lodge ceremony (MS 233134), National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Photographs documenting Mexican people in built and natural environments, as well as industries, markets, and agriculture. The photographs were originally contained in envelopes labeled by William Henry Holmes, who may have collected them during his travels to Mexico. The collection also includes some photographs made in Cuba, Guatemala, and Chile, as well as Holmes's notes on Argentina. The bulk of the photographs were made by William Henry Jackson; additional photographs were made by Charles Edward Doty, E. J. Kildare, Sumner W. Matteson, C. B. Waite, and Corral and Parker studios.
Biographical/Historical note:
William Henry Holmes (1846-1933) was an artist, geologist, and archeologist who spent most of his career with the United States Geological Survey of the Territories, United States Geological Survey, Bureau of American Ethnology, and Department of Anthropology of the Smithsonian. From 1894-1897, he was the head of anthropology at the Field Columbian Museum (Field Museum of Natural History) and on the staff of the University of Chicago. During this time, he carried out investigations of ancient ruins in the Yucatan and other areas of Mesoamerica as a member of an expedition of Allison V. Armour. Holmes served as head curator for the US National Museum Department of Anthropology from 1897-1902 and head of the BAE from 1902-1909.
William Henry Jackson was a photographer for the US Geological and Geographical Surveys (1870-1878) before he opened a studio in Denver, Colorado, and began making official photographs for various railroad companies. In 1883, he made his first trip to Mexico under the sponsorship of the Mexican Central Railway. On one of his subsequent trips, he was accompanied by William Henry Holmes, who may have collected Jackson's photographs because of this trip.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 87-20
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Manuscripts and notes by Holmes can be found throughout the National Anthropological Archives in MS 4698, MS 2125, MS 7112, and MS 7570.
The Smithsonian Institution Archives holds the William Henry Holmes Papers, 1870-1931 (SIA RU007084).
Additional photographs by Jackson can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in Photo Lot 24, Photo Lot 37, Photo Lot 40, Photo Lot 60, Photo Lot 93, Photo Lot 143, Photo Lot 87-2P, Photo Lot 90-1, Photo Lot 92-3, the records of the Department of Anthropology, and the BAE historical negatives.
Photographs collected by Willis G. Tilton, a dealer in artifacts and photographs relating to Native Americans. Many of the photographs were made by Field Columbian Museum photographer Charles Carpenter at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in 1904; many others were created by various photographers for Field Museum publications. Notable subjects include Big Foot, dead in the snow at the Wounded Knee battlefield; Arapaho and Cheyenne social dances; Hopi ceremonies; a reenactment of the shooting of Sitting Bull; Sun Dances (Arapaho, Assiniboin, Gros Ventre, Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Ponca); and views of the United States Indian School Building and Pawnee people at the the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis, Missouri. Other photographs include portraits and images of artifacts, basket weaving, cradles, dress, dwelling, tipis and other dwellings, and tree burials. There are also some photographs of Henry Field's expedition to Iraq in 1934 (Field museum anthropological expedition to the Near East), work elephants in Burma, Pipestone Quarry in Minnesota, a church in the Yucatan, and a rickshaw and cart in Ceylon.
Biographical/Historical note:
Willis G. Tilton was a dealer and owner of the store, Tilton Indian Relics, in Topeka, Kansas.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 89-8, NAA Photo Lot 135
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Photographs in the Tilton Collection, previously filed in Photo Lot 135, have been relocated and merged with Photo Lot 89-8. These photographs were also purchased by the Bureau of American Ethnology from Willis G. Tilton and form part of this collection.
Associated photographs still held in the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago.
Most photographs included in the card catalog of copy negatives and in the reference file prints by tribe.
Additional photographs by Dorsey held in the National Anthropological Archives in MS 4721 and Photo Lot 24.
Correspondence from Dorsey held in the National Anthropological Archives in MS 4821, records of the Bureau of American Ethnology, the J.C. Pilling Papers, and the Ales Hrdlicka Papers.
Additional photographs by Nelson held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 171, Photo Lot 133, Photo Lot 24, and the BAE historical negatives.
Additional Maude photographs held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 90-1 and Photo Lot 24.
Additional E. E. Hall photographs held in National Anthropological Archives MS 4978 and Photo Lot 24.
The Smithsonian Institution Archives holds Nelson's field reports (SIA Acc. 97-123) and the Edward William Nelson and Edward Alphonso Goldman Collection (SIA RU007364).
See others in:
Willis G. Tilton photograph collection of American Indians, circa 1880-1930 (bulk 1899-1904)
The collection consists of three (3) small watercolor paintings by William Henry Holmes depicting women sewing and a man mending sails. All three paintings were signed to "Clara Saunders" with holiday greetings from Holmes.
Item 2011-19.1 depicts two women sewing on the banks of the Tiber River.
Item 2011-19.2 ("Bead stringer, Venice") shows a woman sitting in a chair beading.
Item 2011-19.3 ("Venice - mending sails") shows a man mending sails.
Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Biographical Note:
William Henry Holmes (1846-1933) was an artist, geologist, and archaeologist who spent most of his career with the United States Geological Survey of the Territories, United States Geological Survey, Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE), and Department of Anthropology of the Smithsonian. From 1894-1897, he was the head of anthropology at the Field Columbian Museum (Field Museum of Natural History) and on the staff of the University of Chicago. He later served as head curator for the US National Museum Department of Anthropology from 1897-1902 and head of the BAE from 1902-1909.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 2011-19
Exhibition Note:
Two of the paintings were exhibited in Sargent, Whistler, and Venetian Glass: American Artists and the Magic of Murano at the Smithsonian American Art Museum, October 8, 2021 – May 8, 2022.
Related Materials:
Correspondence by Holmes can be found throughout the National Anthropological Archives in MS 7206, the records of the Bureau of American Ethnology, and the records of the Department of Anthropology.
Manuscripts, notes, and artwork by Holmes can be found throughout the National Anthropological Archives in MS 4698, MS 2125, MS 7112, MS 7570, MS 87825 and others.
The Smithsonian Institution Archives holds the William Henry Holmes Papers, 1870-1931 (SIA RU007084).
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use
Genre/Form:
Works of art
Paintings
Watercolors
Citation:
MS 2011-19 William Henry Holmes watercolors of Italian daily life, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.
The collection consists of three (3) drawings by William Henry Holmes. Two of the drawings are watercolors depicting Pawnee earth lodges. The third drawing depicts a scene of a Smith Sound Eskimo family used as a exhibit diorama.
Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Biographical Note:
William Henry Holmes (1846-1933) was an artist, geologist, and archaeologist who spent most of his career with the United States Geological Survey of the Territories, United States Geological Survey, Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE), and Department of Anthropology of the Smithsonian. From 1894-1897, he was the head of anthropology at the Field Columbian Museum (Field Museum of Natural History) and on the staff of the University of Chicago. He later served as head curator for the US National Museum Department of Anthropology from 1897-1902 and head of the BAE from 1902-1909.
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 87825
Related Materials:
Correspondence by Holmes can be found throughout the National Anthropological Archives in MS 7206, the records of the Bureau of American Ethnology, and the records of the Department of Anthropology.
Manuscripts, notes, and artwork by Holmes can be found throughout the National Anthropological Archives in MS 4698, MS 2125, MS 7112, MS 7570, MS 2011-19 and others.
The Smithsonian Institution Archives holds the William Henry Holmes Papers, 1870-1931 (SIA RU007084).
Provenance:
The drawings were found in the Department of Anthropology collections; no accession or catalog information is available. They were transferred from the object collections of the Department of Anthropology to the National Anthropological Archives in 1969.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Works of art
Watercolors
Drawings
Citation:
William Henry Holmes drawings (MS 87825), National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Instituion
Kurtz, Charles M. (Charles McMeen), 1855-1909 Search this
Container:
Reel 4818, Frame 418-457
Box 14
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
May 11-15, 1905
Scope and Contents note:
(Frederick E. Bartlett, A. H. Griffith, Charles M. Kurtz, H. Skiff-Field Columbian Museum, John B. Cauldwell, Rev. J. B. McCormick-Western University of Pennsylvania, Robert C. Ogden, Will H. Low, Marcus Benjamin, Geo. McKinstry, Mrs. A.M.G. Patterson, J.N. Marble)
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research. Patrons must use microfilm copy.
Collection Rights:
Glasgow painting diary, Microfilm reel 4912: Authorization to publish, quote, or reproduce requires written permission from Yale Center for British Art. Contact Reference Services for more information.
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Charles M. Kurtz papers, 1843-1990 (bulk 1884-1909). Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Sponsor:
Glass plate negatives in this collection were digitized in 2019 with funding provided by the Smithsonian Women's Committee.
Zolnay, George Julian, 1862 or 1863-1949 Search this
Extent:
0.2 Linear feet
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Photographs
Sketches
Place:
Museum directors -- Washington (D.C.)
Date:
1879-1955
Summary:
The artists' files of William Henry Holmes, curator and director of the Smithsonian's National Collection of Fine Arts (now the Smithsonian American Art Museum) in Washington, D.C., measure 0.2 linear feet and date from 1879 to 1955. The artists' files consist mostly of correspondence, but also include a few photographs, artwork in the form of sketches, and printed material. There is also one file relating to Holmes' affiliation with the Washington Water Color Club.
Scope and Contents:
The artists' files of William Henry Holmes, curator and director of the Smithsonian's National Collection of Fine Arts (now the Smithsonian American Art Museum) in Washington, D.C., measure 0.2 linear feet and date from 1879 to 1955. The artists' files consist mostly of correspondence, but also include a few photographs, artwork in the form of sketches, and printed material. There is also one file relating to Holmes' affiliation with the Washington Water Color Club.
Notable artists represented in the files include R.N. Brooke, William B. P. Closson, James Earle Fraser, Vinnie Ream Hoxie, Reuben Le Grand Johnston, John LaFarge, Gari Melchers, Thomas Moran, Henry Moser, Hobart Nichols, Violet Oakley, Joseph Pennell, Joseph Henry Sharp, Mary Vaux Walcott, Carl F. Weller, Max Weyl, Irving R. Wiles and George Julian Zolnay.
Arrangement:
This collection is arranged as 1 series.
Missing Title
Series 1: Artists' Files, 1879-1955 (0.2 linear feet; Box 1)
Biographical / Historical:
William Henry Holmes (1846-1933) was a curator, museum director, artist, scientific illustrator, archaeologist, geologist, and anthropologist. He served in various positions in the Smithsonian Institution, and finally as director of the Smithsonian's National Gallery of Art (now the Smithsonian American Art Museum) from 1920-1932.
Holmes was born in Harrison County, Ohio in 1846. In 1870, he graduated from McNeely Normal School in Ohio and, after a short time of teaching at that school, moved to Washington, D.C. in 1871 to study art under Theodore Kaufmann. Thanks to his artistic skills, he was soon hired by Smithsonian paleontologist Francis B. Meek to do scientific drawings. In 1872, Holmes joined the geological survey of Ferdinand Vandeveer Hayden, as an artist and topographer of the survey of Yellowstone National Park and surrounding area, and other regions in the west. In 1879, Holmes went to work for the newly founded U.S. Geological Survey. There he worked as a geologist and chief of scientific illustration. In addition to art and geology, his interests and expertise expanded into archaeology and anthropology.
Holmes worked as chief curator at the Field Columbian Museum (now the Field Museum of Natural History) in Chicago before returning to the Smithsonian in 1897, where he served as curator of anthropology and chief of the Bureau of American Ethnology. In 1910, he became chairman of the Division of Anthropology. In 1920, Holmes became director of the Smithsonian Institution's National Gallery of Art (now the Smithsonian American Art Museum), a position he held until 1932. William Henry Holmes died one year later.
Related Materials:
Collections about William Henry Holmes are also located at other Smithsonian Institution archival units, including the National Anthropological Archives and Smithsonian Institution Archives.
Provenance:
These files were transferred from the Smithsonian Institution's National Museum of American Art Library (now the Smithsonian American Art Museum) to the Archives of American Art in two installments in 1981 and 1992.
Restrictions:
Use of original papers requires an appointment and is limited to the Archives' Washington, D.C. Research Center. Contact Reference Services for more information.
Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
The collection consists of images of exhibits of anthropological material. These include Oceanic and African implements and artifacts exhibited at the Field Columbian Museum; a William Henry Holmes-designed diorama in Piney Branch (1895); costumed mannequins and busts at the United States National Museum; the Smithsonian Exhibit at the World Columbian Exposition in Chicago (1891); dioramas at the American Museum of Natural History; African artifacts in Herbert Ward's studio in Paris; and exhibit halls in the Smithsonian Arts and Industries building (1891). The photographers represented in the collection include Paul Edmond Beckwith, Henry E. Sorgersen & Co., and Harry C. Ellis.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 4
Location of Other Archival Materials:
Photographs of exhibits at the Pan-American Exposition, previously filed in Photo Lot 4, have been relocated to National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 87-2L.
Additional Harry C. Ellis photographs of Herbert Ward's studio held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 75-52.
Additional images of Smithsonian anthropology collections held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 99-41.
Photo lot 4, Department of Anthropology photograph collection relating to anthropological exhibits, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Photo lot 4, Department of Anthropology photograph collection relating to anthropological exhibits, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Photo lot 4, Department of Anthropology photograph collection relating to anthropological exhibits, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
National Museum of Natural History (U.S.). Department of Anthropology Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (007 1/2 in x 009 1/2 in mounted on 009 3/4 in x 014 in)
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.09710500
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Function:
Exhibitions
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Collection Citation:
Photo lot 4, Department of Anthropology photograph collection relating to anthropological exhibits, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
National Museum of Natural History (U.S.). Department of Anthropology Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (007 3/4 in x 009 1/2 in mounted on 009 3/4 in x 014 in)
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.09710600
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Function:
Exhibitions
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Collection Citation:
Photo lot 4, Department of Anthropology photograph collection relating to anthropological exhibits, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Photo lot 4, Department of Anthropology photograph collection relating to anthropological exhibits, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
National Museum of Natural History (U.S.). Department of Anthropology Search this
Extent:
1 Photographic print (007 3/4 in x 009 3/4 in mounted on 009 1/2 in x 014 in)
Type:
Archival materials
Photographic prints
Photographs
Local Numbers:
NAA INV.09710800
Collection Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.
Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Function:
Exhibitions
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Collection Citation:
Photo lot 4, Department of Anthropology photograph collection relating to anthropological exhibits, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
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