Collection is open for research but original audio tapes and videotapes are stored off-site. Reference copies do not exist for all of the audiovisual materials. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
Computer Oral History Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
Sponsor:
Online transcripts for select oral history interviews were made possible by the Morton I. Bernstein Fund and the Association for Computing Machinery, the Special Interest Group on Management of Data (SIGMOD), and the Special Interest Group on Programming Languages (SIGPLAN).
These materials were assembled by John V. Atanasoff--a subject of this oral history collection--and subsequently given to Uta Merzbach via Mrs. Atsiknoudas in 1972. Spanning the years 1927 to 1968, these materials consist of approximately one cubic foot. Atanasoff assembled these materials in response to the litigation of the Sperry-Rand Corporation vs. Honeywell and Sperry-Rand vs. CDC/Control Data Corporation, which began in 1967 regarding the rights to the patent for the Electronic Numerical Integrator and Automatic Computer (ENIAC). Primarily photocopies, these materials document the process by which Atanasoff and his colleague, Cliff Berry, created the first automatic electronic digital computer. J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly claimed to have invented it first. These files are arranged according to an outline--Index A to Index C-- developed by Atanasoff. Researchers should consult this guide to the documents. Some documents in this series bear numbers. This indicates that the document was introduced into the U.S. District Court case of Atanasoff in 1968 involving the Honeywell Inc. vs. Sperry-Rand Corp. and Illinois Scientific Developments Inc. Copies of Atanasoff's depositions, volumes 1-9, are also available.
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but original audio tapes and videotapes are stored off-site. Reference copies do not exist for all of the audiovisual materials. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
Computer Oral History Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
Sponsor:
Online transcripts for select oral history interviews were made possible by the Morton I. Bernstein Fund and the Association for Computing Machinery, the Special Interest Group on Management of Data (SIGMOD), and the Special Interest Group on Programming Languages (SIGPLAN).
An entirely new class of high-speed automatic computing machines, with rudimentary organs of memory, judgment, and mathematical logic, points to the second industrial revolution By Louis N. Ridenour. Reprinted from Fortune Magazine. Copyright 1949 TIME Inc. (4 pages, including title page photographs: plugboards of ENIAC, A Mercury Memory Organ).
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
Grace Murray Hopper Collection, 1944-1965, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
(17 x 11") by Grace Murray Hopper. Lists: Agency, Type, Memory Type, Registers, Number System, Decimal Point, Multiply Time, Input, Output, Matrix, Computers: Mark I (ASCC), Bell Relay, ENIAC, Mark II, BINAC, Mark III, Whirlwind I, Hurricane, Maniac, EDVAC, and UNIVAC.
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
Grace Murray Hopper Collection, 1944-1965, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
Christian Science Monitor, Tuesday, 14 October 1947, Page 9 (1st page, Second Sect.) "Mechanical Calculators Eject Right Answers Quicker'n a Flash", full page on high speed calculators (6 copies) including: "Demands of War Spurred Push-Button Analyzers...
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
Grace Murray Hopper Collection, 1944-1965, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
(1st page 2nd section) "New Mathematical Robots Unscramble Digits to Multiply Inventions", full page on high speed calculators including: "Research Labs Calculate Devices To Bridge Years of Two Plus Two" by Herbert B. Nichols (Natural Science Editor of The Christian Science Monitor), survey of developments, MIT's differential analyzers, ; "Gears Failed to Mesh Century Ago" by a Staff Correspondent early computing machines, Babbage, Pascal, Leibnitz "ENIAC Weighs 30 Tons, Fires Answers for Army" Special to the CSM from Philadelphia ENIAC, uses, problems; "Engineers Win Fast Answers From Electric 'Thinking Cap'", Special to the CSM from Pittsburgh Westinghouse network calculator.
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
Grace Murray Hopper Collection, 1944-1965, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
Grace Murray Hopper Collection, 1944-1965, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
New Computer Lightning Fast: Army Call It the World's Best Calculator, The New York Sun, Friday, 15 February 1946 (AP p. 1); second section, ENIAC announcement to the press.
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
Grace Murray Hopper Collection, 1944-1965, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
Grace Murray Hopper Collection, 1944-1965, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
Grace Murray Hopper Collection, 1944-1965, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
Grace Murray Hopper Collection, 1944-1965, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
Subject: HOMIAC. HOMIAC "named for Admiral Hopper and General Mitchell" "An observer, as passionately fond of mathematics as the HOMIAC, opines that there may be some resemblance to MARK I, MARK II, MARK II, EDVAC, ENIAC, EDSAC, BINAC, SEAC, and UNIVAC, but that this resemblance is doubtless coincidental."
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
Grace Murray Hopper Collection, 1944-1965, Archives Center, National Museum of American History