Search Results

Creator:

National Museum of the American Indian  Search this

Type:

Conversations and talks

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2023-04-23T09:14:34.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Native Americans;American Indians  Search this

See more by:

SmithsonianNMAI

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

YouTube Channel:

SmithsonianNMAI

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_LctowdE6MiM

Creator:

National Museum of the American Indian  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2012-03-13T16:10:29.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Native Americans;American Indians  Search this

See more by:

SmithsonianNMAI

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

YouTube Channel:

SmithsonianNMAI

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_M7dMJZbmGP8

Culture/People:

probably Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin) (attributed); collected from the Coast Salish  Search this

Collector:

Dorr F. Tozier (D. F. Tozier), Non-Indian, 1843-1946  Search this

Previous owner:

Dorr F. Tozier (D. F. Tozier), Non-Indian, 1843-1946  Search this

Seattle Land and Improvement Company  Search this

Fred E. Sander (Fred Everett Sander), Non-Indian, 1854-1921  Search this

Seller:

Seattle Land and Improvement Company  Search this

Fred E. Sander (Fred Everett Sander), Non-Indian, 1854-1921  Search this

Seller agent:

George Louis Berg (G. L. Berg), Non-Indian, 1868-1941  Search this

Object Name:

Doll with cradle/cradleboard

Media/Materials:

Birchbark, wood, caribou hide/skin, cotton cloth, sinew

Techniques:

Folded, stitched, sewn

Dimensions:

28.3 x 15.2 x 12.00 cm

Object Type:

Games, Toys, Gambling: Dolls

Place:

British Columbia; Canada

Date created:

circa 1900

Catalog Number:

7/3046

Barcode:

073046.000

See related items:

Tsilhqot'in (Chilcotin)

Coast Salish

Games, Toys, Gambling: Dolls

On View:

NMAI, Washington DC: Window on Collections, As We Grow: Traditions, Toys, & Games

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ws67a1d89d6-7ff6-4542-929b-9ff929ba3619

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:NMAI_78621

Creator:

Gibbs, George, 1815-1873  Search this

Annotator:

Mooney, James, 1861-1921  Search this

Informant:

Capt Stewart Bellabella  Search this

Kwee-tah-lich-kan Saamena  Search this

Pandosy, Charles Marie, 1824-1891  Search this

Sam Okinagan  Search this

Spokane Gerry  Search this

Te-o-sa-luk Saamena  Search this

Yahotowit (Klikitat)  Search this

Extent:

230 Pages

1 Volume

Culture:

Stl'atl'imx (Lillooet)  Search this

Saamena  Search this

Nlaka'pamux (Thompson River Salish)  Search this

Saamena -- names for salmon  Search this

Yuki  Search this

Stó:lo (Lower Fraser River Salish)  Search this

Yupu -- vocabulary  Search this

Coast Salish [Chilliwack]  Search this

Heiltsuk (Bella Bella)  Search this

Nuxalk (Bellacoola)  Search this

Okanagan  Search this

Yakama (Yakima)  Search this

Winatsha -- vocabulary  Search this

Klikitat  Search this

Shuswap  Search this

Denésoliné (Chipewyan)  Search this

Kalispel (Pend d'Oreilles)  Search this

Kootenai (Kutenai)  Search this

Salish (Flathead)  Search this

Nooksack  Search this

Sumass  Search this

Chinook  Search this

Cowlitz  Search this

Twana  Search this

Chehalis  Search this

Skagit -- vocabulary  Search this

Coast Salish  Search this

Nisqually  Search this

Cree  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America  Search this

Northwest Coast  Search this

Indians of North America -- Plateau  Search this

Cowichan  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Pages

Volumes

Date:

1853-1860

Scope and Contents:

1. Lillooet ("Lilowat") vocabulary. March 16, 1859. 8 pages in notebook. Note on page 3: "The Lilowat is spoken on the river which feeds Harrison's Lake, a branch of Fraser River. The vocabulary was obtained from the chief of a village at the mouth through Skehukl, the Soomass [Sumass: dialect of Cowichan group of Coast Salish], and may be relied on as tolerably accurate." The Lillooet River feeds into Harrison Lake. The Interior Salish dialect for west British Columbia is referred to as "Lillooet" in Handbook of American Indians, page 417.

2. "Saamena"vocabularies. 1858 and no date. 10 pages in notebook. Two vocabularies: Vocabulary of the "Saamena or as it is called by the Canadians, "Couteau," was obtained at Fort Hope, Mch. 4, 1858 from Kwee-tah-lich-kan, son of Pa-haa-luk, the Chief of the Kletch-ah-meh'h village at Forks of Fraser & Thompson's Rivers." 7 pages. Includes names for varieties of salmon in "Soomass" (Sumass) and Saamena. pages 12-19. Vocabulary obtained from Te-o-sa-luk, a Saamena of the Chileweyech [--?--]," no date. 3 pages. On page 1 note in Mooney's hand: "alias Nientemewh." Page 11 marked "copied".

3. "Yukeh" vocabulary. No place or date recorded. 3 pages in notebook. The word "Ross" follows the name "Yukeh." This refers to note on page iv: Mr Edward Ross says that the Yukehs have no numerals above five; thus they would say o'-pe mahote, twice five, for ten."

4. "Tai-eet vocabulary. Fort Hope, 1850. 10 pages in notebook. "The following vocabulary of the Tai-eet was obtained at Fort Hope, Sept. 25, 1850 from two men and a woman. It is the dialect intervening between the Kwantlen and the Saamena on Fraser River." page 25.

5. "Nevada or Yuba (Ross)" vocabulary. No date. 2 pages in notebook, pages 35-36. Possibly copied from Ross (?).

6. "Chilowhe'huk (Chilliwack) vocabulary. 4 pages in notebook, pages 36-39. No date. "Not completed as it does not differ sufficiently from the Kwantlen & neighboring dialects in Fraser River to make it an object." Chilliwack belongs to the Cowichan group of Coast dialects, Handbook of American Indians, page 417.

7. "Hailt-zuk or Belbella" vocabulary" obtained at Victoria, April 26, 1859, from Capt. Stewart." 10 pages in notebook, pages 40-42, 44, 46, 48, 50, 52, 54. Note on page 40: "...obtained at Victoria, April 26, 1859, from "Capt. Stewart" and Indian of the tribe through the medium of Frederic Minni, a Canadian, who partially spoke the language. It is generally reliable...." Page 41 marked "copied;" Another copy by Gibbs of this vocabulary in Ms. Number.

8. "Bel-le-whil-la or Bel'hoo-la" vocabulary. Victoria. 1859. 10 pages in notebook, pages 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 55, 56. Note on page 56: "The vocabulary of the Belhoola was obtained from a woman of that tribe with the assistance of the Indian Stewart through the means of the Belbella vocabulary (cf. 277, part 7). With the exception of a very few words, my rendering of the latter [Belbella] was perfectly intelligible to her. The principal difficulty experienced in this was the excessively gutteral pronounciation of the language. I have classed this without hesitation among the Flathead languages from its obvious analogies. Some words, identical with those of the Belbella are marked with an asterisk. These are probably borrowed the one from the other, or perhaps were given by the woman from having mixed with the Belbellas." Page 41 marked "copied." 8-a Words obtained by Mackenzie at "Friendly Village," page 57.

9-10. Vocabularies of the "Okina'kane (O-Kin-ah-kehn[=Okinagan]) & Similkameen." 1853 & 1859. 17 pages in notebook, pages 58-74. "The incomplete vocabulary of the Okinakane was obtained in 1853. That of the Similkameen in 1859 and the latter is to be retained in place of the first as much more reliable. Given by "Sam" the guide employed by the N.W.B.S." The contents at the beginning of this volume has penciled note indicating that "Okinakane" and "Similkameen" are two dialects of one language.--page 1, note in hand of Mooney.

11. "Additional forms in Yakima," from Rev Marie Charles Pandosy, No date. 1 page in notebook, page 75.

12. "Piskwowse or Winatsha" vocabulary obtained 1853 and revised in 1860. 14 pages in notebook, pages 76-90, & 201. Note on page 76: "Revised at Ft. Colville, March 1860, by the assistance of Lahome's daughter. I have not however confidence in its being entirely correct. There may have been a difference in dialect between her and the first interpreter." Marked "copied" on page 76. Originally a Salish tribe, "Gibbs states that by 1853 they were so largely intermarried with the Yakima as to have almost lost their identity." page 264 of Handbook of American Indians. Page 201 has list of Winatsha Indians in 1853.

13. Vocabulary obtained from Spokane Gerry in 1854. 13 pages in notebook, pages 91-104. Marked "copied" on page 91.

14. Klikatat vocabulary obtained from Yahotowit in 1854. Copy by Gibbs of his original vocabulary, 15 pages in notebook, pages 105-119 and 222. Note in Gibbs' hand: "I am not certain that this is unmixed with the Yakama, as it resembles more closely two vocabularies of that dialect which I obtained then I have been led to expect. It was received from Ya-ho-tow-it." Apparently a copy by Gibbs from his original in Manuscript Number 671. Another copy by Gibbs is cataloged as Manuscript Number 693.

14. "Klikatat" vocabulary, copied from (?) "Tolmie." No date. 1 page in notebook, page 222. 15 Kalispel or Pend Oreille vocabulary, 1860. 15 pages in notebook, pages 119-133. "...vocabulary of the Kalispelm or Pend Oreille obtained from a man at Colville Depot, Jany., 1860. It is spoken by the Indians of Clarke's Fork of the Columbia River." Page 119 marked "copied."

16. "Shoos-whap or She-whap-much" vocabulary, 1860. 15 pages in notebook, pages 134-138. "Obtained at Colville Depot, Jany., 1860 from a woman by the assistance of the man from which the foregoing of the Kalispeln was derived [Manuscript Number 227, part 15], and using that in interpreting. Page 134 marked "copied."

17. "Chepewyan vocabulary" extracted from MacKenzie." No date. 7 pages in notebook, pages 149, 150, 152, 154, 156, 158, 160, 162.

18-19. "Knistinaux" (Cree) (18) and "Algonquin" (19) vocabulary "extracted from MacKenzie." 8 pages in notebook, pages 149, 151, 153, 155, 157, 161, 163.

20. "Kootenay" vocabulary. Place and date not recorded, 33 pages in notebook, pages 164-198, not including page 186 and 192. Page 164 is marked "copied." A copy by Gibbs of this vocabulary, pages 164-176 is filed Manuscript 512 with the note that this vocabulary "was taken from the son of the chief at the Chelenta Depot (Che-tam-towse)" with help of half breed interpreter; "I think the vocabulary can be relied on." Also note in Manuscript Number 512: "additional words of the Algonquin Kootenay in the book." This probably refers to pages 177-198 in Manuscript Number 227. Manuscript Number 512 contains 1 page of "Additional words in Kootenay" not found in Number 227.

21. Vocabulary of the Kalispel & Flathead including geographical names, No date. 2 pages in notebook, pages 199-200.

22. "Similkameen", dialect of the Okinagan, vocabulary, No date,. 9 pages in notebook, pages 202-210. Note in Mooney's hand on page 1 says Okinakane and Similkameen are 2 dialects of 1 language. Note on page 202: "Sam says that the Similkameen, Okin-a-kane, Sin-ke-mah-pe-luks, Skla-kum Methone; Che-lehn, Sin-pai-li-hooch; Se-leh-nich, Sins-peh-lich; Swoi-yehlp, Sche-wuch-hooch all understand one another but not the Soushwap & Couteaux." Sam was informant in 1853, cf. 227, part 10.

23. "Nooksaak" ("Nooksahk") vocabulary. June, 1859. 2 pages in notebook, pages 211 & 228. The Nooksak is a dialect of Squawmish coast group, Handbook of American Indians, page 417.

24. "Soomass" vocabulary. Place and date not recorded. 3 pages in notebook, pages 212-214. Sumass is a dialect of the Cowichan group of coast dialects, Handbook of American Indians, page 417.

25. "Simiahmoo" vocabulary: animals and proper names. 1 page in notebook, page 215. No date. The Semiahmoo is a dialect of the Songish coast group, Handbook of American Indians, page 417.

26. "Saamena" vocabulary. 1 page in notebook, page 216. No date.

27. Skagit vocabulary "(vide Dr Craig's corrections)." No date. 1 page in notebook, page 217. Skagit is a dialect of the Nisqualli group of coast dialects, Handbook of American Indians, page 417.

28. "Simiahmoo" vocabulary of 10 terms. Date and place not recorded. 1 page in notebook, page 218. The Semiahmoo is a dialect of the Songish coast group, Handbook of American Indians, page 417.

29. "Chiloweyuck" vocabulary. Date and place not recorded. 2 pages in notebook, pages 218 & 223. Chilliwack is a dialect of the Cowichan coast group, Handbook of American Indians, page 417.

30. "Nisqually" vocabulary. October, 1858. 6 pages in notebook, pages 219-221, 223 & 226. Note on page 219, "copied."

31. Chehalis vocabulary of 8 words. (Terms for salmon.) No date. page 222. Chinook vocabulary of 9 terms. (Terms for salmon.) No date. Page 224 in notebook. "Cowlitz" vocabulary of 5 terms. (Terms for salmon.) Page 224 in notebook. No date.

32. "Toanhooch" vocabulary. No date. 1 page in notebook, page 227; only 4 terms are recorded.

33. Chimakum- Not filled in; English only.

34. Kwillehyuts- Not filled in; English only.

35. Kwinaiutl- Not filled in; English only.

36. Noo-so-lupsh- Not filled in; English only.

Local Numbers:

NAA MS 227

Local Note:

Notes by Gibbs on the source of many of the Salishan vocabularies in this volume are catalogued under Numbers 735 and 742.

Topic:

Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this

Salish  Search this

Upriver Halkomelem  Search this

Saamen  Search this

Tait  Search this

Citation:

Manuscript 227, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Sponsor:

Digitization and preparation of these materials for online access has been funded by the National Science Foundation under BCS Grant No. 1561167 and the Recovering Voices initiative at the Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History.

Identifier:

NAA.MS227

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3f0246161-6c6a-47d3-93bb-4a36adf4fe7b

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-ms227

Collector:

Tilton, Willis G.  Search this

Names:

Field Museum of Natural History  Search this

Big Foot, -1890  Search this

Geronimo, 1829-1909  Search this

Photographer:

Dorsey, George A. (George Amos), 1868-1931  Search this

Gutekunst, Frederick, 1831-1917  Search this

Hall, E. E.  Search this

James, George Wharton, 1858-1923  Search this

Maude, F. H. (Frederic Hamer)  Search this

Nelson, Edward William, 1855-1934  Search this

Thompson, J. Eric S. (John Eric Sidney), 1898-1975  Search this

Voth, H. R. (Henry R.), 1855-1931  Search this

Winternitz, Ludwig (Louis)  Search this

Extent:

685 Negatives (photographic) (circa, glass and nitrate)

Culture:

Pueblo  Search this

Sioux  Search this

Inunaina (Arapaho)  Search this

Apache  Search this

Sicangu Lakota (Brulé Sioux)  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

Jicarilla Apache  Search this

Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this

Kootenai (Kutenai)  Search this

Kickapoo  Search this

Diné (Navajo)  Search this

Kwakwaka'wakw (Kwakiutl)  Search this

Chaticks Si Chaticks (Pawnee)  Search this

Oglala Lakota (Oglala Sioux)  Search this

Ponca  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this

Pikuni Blackfeet (Piegan)  Search this

Potawatomi  Search this

Northwest Coast  Search this

Sauk  Search this

Seminole  Search this

Shoshone  Search this

Taos Indians  Search this

Iroquois  Search this

Umatilla  Search this

White Mountain Apache  Search this

Wichita  Search this

Arctic peoples  Search this

Hopi Pueblo  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Basin  Search this

Mayas  Search this

Patagonia  Search this

Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke)  Search this

Fox  Search this

Eskimos  Search this

Haida  Search this

A'aninin (Gros Ventre)  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America  Search this

Hunkpapa Lakota (Hunkpapa Sioux)  Search this

Chiricahua Apache  Search this

Niuam (Comanche)  Search this

Coast Salish  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southwest, New  Search this

Indians of North America -- Subarctic  Search this

Indians of North America -- Plateau  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Negatives (photographic)

Place:

Belize

Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (Mont.)

Oraibi (Ariz.)

Date:

circa 1880-1930

bulk 1899-1904

Scope and Contents note:

Photographs collected by Willis G. Tilton, a dealer in artifacts and photographs relating to Native Americans. Many of the photographs were made by Field Columbian Museum photographer Charles Carpenter at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in 1904; many others were created by various photographers for Field Museum publications. Notable subjects include Big Foot, dead in the snow at the Wounded Knee battlefield; Arapaho and Cheyenne social dances; Hopi ceremonies; a reenactment of the shooting of Sitting Bull; Sun Dances (Arapaho, Assiniboin, Gros Ventre, Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Ponca); and views of the United States Indian School Building and Pawnee people at the the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis, Missouri. Other photographs include portraits and images of artifacts, basket weaving, cradles, dress, dwelling, tipis and other dwellings, and tree burials. There are also some photographs of Henry Field's expedition to Iraq in 1934 (Field museum anthropological expedition to the Near East), work elephants in Burma, Pipestone Quarry in Minnesota, a church in the Yucatan, and a rickshaw and cart in Ceylon.

Biographical/Historical note:

Willis G. Tilton was a dealer and owner of the store, Tilton Indian Relics, in Topeka, Kansas.

Local Call Number(s):

NAA Photo Lot 89-8, NAA Photo Lot 135

Location of Other Archival Materials:

Photographs in the Tilton Collection, previously filed in Photo Lot 135, have been relocated and merged with Photo Lot 89-8. These photographs were also purchased by the Bureau of American Ethnology from Willis G. Tilton and form part of this collection.

Associated photographs still held in the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago.

Most photographs included in the card catalog of copy negatives and in the reference file prints by tribe.

Additional photographs by Dorsey held in the National Anthropological Archives in MS 4721 and Photo Lot 24.

Correspondence from Dorsey held in the National Anthropological Archives in MS 4821, records of the Bureau of American Ethnology, the J.C. Pilling Papers, and the Ales Hrdlicka Papers.

Additional photographs by Nelson held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 171, Photo Lot 133, Photo Lot 24, and the BAE historical negatives.

Additional Maude photographs held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 90-1 and Photo Lot 24.

Additional E. E. Hall photographs held in National Anthropological Archives MS 4978 and Photo Lot 24.

The Smithsonian Institution Archives holds Nelson's field reports (SIA Acc. 97-123) and the Edward William Nelson and Edward Alphonso Goldman Collection (SIA RU007364).

See others in:

Willis G. Tilton photograph collection of American Indians, circa 1880-1930 (bulk 1899-1904)

Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Topic:

Indians of North America -- Northeast  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southern states  Search this

Rites and ceremonies  Search this

Wounded Knee Massacre, S.D., 1890  Search this

Sun Dance  Search this

Citation:

Photo Lot 89-8, Willis G. Tilton collection of photographs of Native Americans, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.PhotoLot.89-8

See more items in:

Willis G. Tilton collection of photographs of Native Americans

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3754be8a9-31b2-4b22-9fbb-dc5b7dadb75f

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-photolot-89-8

Culture/People:

Saanich  Search this

Collector:

George Gustav Heye (GGH), Non-Indian, 1874-1957  Search this

Presenter/funding source:

Thea Heye (Thea Kowne/Mrs. Dorothea Page/Mrs. George Gustav Heye), Non-Indian, 1888-1935  Search this

Object Name:

House post

Media/Materials:

Wood

Techniques:

Carved, painted

Object Type:

Architecture/Housing

Place:

East Saanich Reserve; Capital Regional District; British Columbia; Canada

Archipelago:

Vancouver Island Group

Island Name:

Cormorant Island

Catalog Number:

18/6851

Barcode:

186851.000

See related items:

Saanich

Architecture/Housing

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ws6dbd37770-11a8-4de4-9044-26992ae3fe74

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:NMAI_199847

Collector:

Albertype Co.  Search this

Witteman, Hermann L., -1952  Search this

Photographer:

Fred Harvey (Firm)  Search this

Kiser Photo Co. (Portland, Or.)  Search this

N.W. Halsey & Co.  Search this

Bell, C. M. (Charles Milton), approximately 1849-1893  Search this

Clarke, H. H.  Search this

Cornish, Geo. B. (George Bancroft)  Search this

Fiske, Frank Bennett, 1883-1952  Search this

Flood, H. Lee  Search this

Hazeltine, H. R.  Search this

Martin, W. H. (William H.), 1865-1940  Search this

Mathers, C. W.  Search this

Matsura, Frank, 1873-1913  Search this

Reed, Roland, 1864-1934  Search this

Stimson, Joseph Elam, 1870-1952  Search this

Watkins, H. H.  Search this

Names:

Wittemann, A. (Adolph), 1845-1938 (collector and photographer)  Search this

Extent:

318 Negatives (photographic) (circa, nitrate (includes copy negatives))

Culture:

Pueblo  Search this

Indians of North America -- Subarctic  Search this

Niuam (Comanche)  Search this

Cree  Search this

Coast Salish  Search this

Colville  Search this

Eskimos  Search this

Fox  Search this

Sioux  Search this

Tli Cho (Dogrib/Thlingchadinne)  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this

Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this

Catawba Indians  Search this

Caddo  Search this

Nuxalk (Bellacoola)  Search this

Acoma Pueblo  Search this

Apache  Search this

Inunaina (Arapaho)  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southwest, New  Search this

Laguna Indians  Search this

Kiowa  Search this

Isleta Pueblo  Search this

Piipaash (Maricopa)  Search this

Havasupai (Coconino)  Search this

Haida  Search this

A'aninin (Gros Ventre)  Search this

Ponca  Search this

Chaticks Si Chaticks (Pawnee)  Search this

Osage  Search this

Anishinaabe (Chippewa/Ojibwa)  Search this

Niimíipuu (Nez Perce)  Search this

Diné (Navajo)  Search this

Mojave (Mohave)  Search this

Tewa Pueblos  Search this

A:shiwi (Zuni)  Search this

Shoshone  Search this

Taos Indians  Search this

Seminole  Search this

Shawnee  Search this

Northwest Coast  Search this

Sarsi Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America  Search this

Hopi Pueblo  Search this

Indians of North America -- Plateau  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Basin  Search this

Hawaiians  Search this

Arctic peoples  Search this

Japanese  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Negatives (photographic)

Photographs

Place:

Maine

Kansas City (Mo.)

British Columbia

Virgin Islands

Vancouver (British Columbia)

Date:

circa 1890-1910

Scope and Contents note:

The collection consists of photographs collected by the Albertype Company for their postcards and viewbooks, including portraits, scenery, camps, Native Americans schools, and some paintings and composites for postcard printing. Additional subjects include rock drawings in Maine; a statue in Kansas City, Missouri; Standing Rock Monument in North Dakota; people in Atlin, British Columbia; Carib rock drawings in the Virgin Islands; and totem poles in Vancouver.

Included are works of Charles Milton Bell, E. A. Benson, C. R. Bourne, H. E. Brown, William Bull, H. H. Clarke, George B. Cornish, Frank Bennett Fiske, H. Lee Flood, N. W. Halsey, Fred Harvey, H. R. Hazeltine, Kiser Photograph Company, W. H. Martin, C. W. Mathers, Frank Matsura, W. H. Matthewson, Charles E. Morris, Ernest Moses, J. S. Myers, M. OʹConnor, G. W. Parsons, Roland W. Reed, C. B. Robinson , J. E. Stimson, W. M. Stoltz, and H. H. Watkins. Clarke and Fiske, however, are the only photographers with more than a few images.

Biographical/Historical note:

The Albertype Company, headquartered in Brooklyn, New York, published viewbooks and postcards for national distribution. Founded by Adolph and Herman Witteman, the company began publishing souvenier photographic albums as early as 1867. The Wittemans established Witteman Brothers in 1885, and then the Albertype Company in 1890. From 1890 to 1950, the firm published collotypes made from the photographs of its agents (including Adolph Witteman), other companies, and independent photographers. The firm was purchased in 1952 by Art Vue Post Card Company.

Local Call Number(s):

NAA Photo Lot 25

Reproduction Note:

Modern copy negatives and prints made by Smithsonian Institution, circa 1972.

Location of Other Archival Materials:

The Library of Congress, Wisconsin Historical Society, and Historical Society of Pennsylvania also hold original Albertype Company prints and negatives.

Albertype Company views are also held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 88-37, Photo Lot 92-37, and Photo Lot 92-3.

Restrictions:

Original nitrate negatives are in cold storage and require advanced notice for viewing. Modern copy prints and copy negatives for nearly all images are available.

Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Topic:

Indians of North America -- Northeast  Search this

Rock paintings  Search this

Totem poles  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southern states  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Citation:

Photo lot 25, Albertype Company photograph collection relating to Native Americans, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.PhotoLot.25

See more items in:

Albertype Company photograph collection relating to Native Americans

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3bed1cd4a-0334-43a5-b145-f66931efedc8

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-photolot-25

Photographer:

Ottenberg, Simon  Search this

Extent:

2147 Slides (photographs) (35 mm )

125 Prints

35 Negatives (photographic) (35 mm )

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Slides (photographs)

Prints

Negatives (photographic)

Place:

Nigeria, Eastern

Date:

1992-1997

Scope and Contents:

This collection include approximately 2,231 color 35 mm slides, negatives, prints, and associated documentation, field notes, and artist indexes related to the Nsukka Modern Art Project. Simon Ottenberg created these materials during several periods of field research in Nigeria from 1992 -1997.

Arrangement:

Materials kept in original order. Captions created by staff and donor metadata.

Biographical / Historical:

Simon Ottenberg (1923-) is Emeritus Professor of Anthropology at the University of Washington (1955-1991). He studied under Melville J. Herskovits and William R. Bascom at Northwestern University and earned his PhD in 1956. He was a 1970 Guggenheim fellow. His areas of interest included African art, sociocultural anthropology, and indigenous North American cultures. He published multiple books during his career including Double Descent in African Society and Boyhood Rituals in African Society, and has curated numerous exhibitions.

His initial fieldwork in Nigeria during the 1950s and 1960s focused on traditional arts of the Afikpo Igbo culture. In the early 1990s, Ottenberg redirected his scholarship toward modern and contemporary Nigerian art. Ottenberg also worked with the Limba of northern Sierra Leone in the 1970s. After retirement, Ottenberg pursued his interest in Northwest Coast Native American art, in particular Coast Salish art.

Related Materials:

Simon Ottenberg Papers are located at the National Anthropological Archives, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution--and at the Melville J. Herskovits Library of African Studies at Northwestern University. Related EEPA collections include: EEPA 1996-020 and EEPA 1994-012 (video-recorded interviews conducted by Ottenberg), EEPA 2000-007 (photographs taken in Southeastern Nigeria within the Afikpo Village Group), and EEPA 2005-001, Simon Ottenberg photographs of Limba and Afikpo Peoples.

Restrictions:

Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.

Rights:

Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.

Identifier:

EEPA.2012-011

See more items in:

Nsukka Modern Art Project

Archival Repository:

Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives, National Museum of African Art

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/xo76ffdbc54-1ab0-4cc7-be97-3cd2da04f9ee

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-eepa-2012-011

Creator:

National Museum of the American Indian  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2021-08-11T20:06:43.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Native Americans;American Indians  Search this

See more by:

SmithsonianNMAI

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

YouTube Channel:

SmithsonianNMAI

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_KCcmZLbE7Ko

Collection Creator:

Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of American Ethnology  Search this

National Museum of Natural History (U.S.). Department of Anthropology  Search this

Extent:

1 Cyanotypes (photographic prints) (005 in x 004 in)

Culture:

Puyallup  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America  Search this

Type:

Archival materials

Cyanotypes (photographic prints)

Photographs

Date:

undated

Local Numbers:

NAA INV.00015900

Local Note:

cyanotype

Place:

Washington

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Citation:

Photo Lot 24 SPC Nwc Coast Salish Puyallup NM No # 00015900, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

See more items in:

Photographs of Native Americans and Other Subjects

Photographs of Native Americans and Other Subjects / Series 1: America north of Mexico / Northwest Coast / Coast Salish Puyallup

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3eb64c4a0-e45d-4026-a49d-aac31c70b9ec

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-24-ref3865

Collection Creator:

Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of American Ethnology  Search this

National Museum of Natural History (U.S.). Department of Anthropology  Search this

Extent:

1 Cyanotypes (photographic prints) (005 in x 004 in)

Culture:

Puyallup  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America  Search this

Type:

Archival materials

Cyanotypes (photographic prints)

Photographs

Date:

undated

Local Numbers:

NAA INV.00016000

Local Note:

cyanotype

Place:

Washington

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Citation:

Photo Lot 24 SPC Nwc Coast Salish Puyallup NM No # 00016000, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

See more items in:

Photographs of Native Americans and Other Subjects

Photographs of Native Americans and Other Subjects / Series 1: America north of Mexico / Northwest Coast / Coast Salish Puyallup

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3106d9e3e-77b6-4afa-8419-00069bbd18dc

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-24-ref3866

Culture/People:

Suquamish  Search this

Previous owner:

Mrs. Peter Rodgers, Suquamish  Search this

Collector:

Dr. Thomas Talbot Waterman (T. T. Waterman), Non-Indian, 1885-1936  Search this

Object Name:

Basket

Media/Materials:

Cedar root/roots, bear grass, equisetum root, hide thong/babiche

Techniques:

Coiled, imbricated

Object Type:

Containers and Vessels

Place:

Port Madison Reservation (Suquamish Reservation); Kitsap County; Washington; USA

Catalog Number:

9/7357

Barcode:

097357.000

See related items:

Suquamish

Containers and Vessels

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ws668b339b8-dca5-4e3e-b828-1801f12cf714

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:NMAI_104432

Culture/People:

Suquamish  Search this

Collector:

Dr. Thomas Talbot Waterman (T. T. Waterman), Non-Indian, 1885-1936  Search this

Object Name:

Basket

Media/Materials:

Cedar root/roots, equisetum root, hide thong/babiche

Techniques:

Coiled

Object Type:

Containers and Vessels

Place:

Lemolo; Kitsap County; Washington; USA

Catalog Number:

10/551

Barcode:

100551.000

See related items:

Suquamish

Containers and Vessels

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ws6d8791a4a-3f31-4403-b54a-aebfa1094076

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:NMAI_108580

Creator:

Wells, Oliver, 1907-1970  Search this

Extent:

2 Color prints

Culture:

Indians of North America -- Plateau  Search this

Northwest Coast  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Color prints

Photographs

Date:

circa 1967

Scope and Contents note:

Photographs depicting Mary Peters (Interior Salish) weaving a tapestry with a two-bar loom and Mrs. William Kelley (Coast Salish) spinning yarn with a spinning wheel. Photographs made in Sardis, Chilliwack, British Columbia.

Biographical/Historical note:

Oliver N. Wells (1907-1970) was owner of Edenbank Farm in Chilliwack, British Columbia, as well as an amateur historian and ethnologist. He assisted the effort to reestablish traditional Salish weaving techniques and wrote "The Return of the Salish Loom," an article published in the "Beaver" Hudson Bay Magazine in spring 1966.

Local Call Number(s):

NAA Photo Lot 81C

Location of Other Archival Materials:

Photographs of Coast Salish arts, collected by Oliver Wells, held in National Anthropological Archives in MS 4764.

Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Topic:

Weaving  Search this

Spinning  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Citation:

Photo lot 81C, Oliver Wells photographs of Salish spinning and weaving, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.PhotoLot.81C

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw318de197b-7a25-4153-a300-6ade5eef8756

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-photolot-81c

Creator:

Barnett, H. G. (Homer Garner), 1906-1985  Search this

Names:

University of California, Berkeley. Far Eastern Language and Area Training Program  Search this

Extent:

7.5 Linear feet

Culture:

Palauans  Search this

Indians of North America -- California  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America  Search this

Indians of North America -- Plateau  Search this

Ponape  Search this

Yurok  Search this

Coast Salish  Search this

Yapese (Micronesian people)  Search this

Hupa  Search this

Yakama (Yakima)  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Place:

Hawaii

Irian Jaya (Dutch New Guinea)

Date:

1934-1973

Summary:

The Homer Garner Barnett papers, 1934-1973, consist of papers, photographs, slides, maps, and periodicals primarily documenting his ethnological work among American Indians, Palauans, and the people of Netherlands New Guinea (Irian Jaya).

Scope and Contents:

The Homer Garner Barnett papers, 1934-1973, contain papers, photographs, slides, maps, periodicals, field notes and copies of studies done by others. Dr. Barnett, an ethnologist, anthropologist, author and teacher spent his early professional years, 1934-1943, studying Northwest Coast Indians. After the second World War, her focused on Micronesia, especially Palau, and later Netherlands New Guinea, now known as West Irian. It was during this time that he observed at close hand and became an expert in cultural change.

Between 1947 and 1970, years of drastic change for natives of Oceania, Dr. Barnett made three long stays and many shorter ones in the islands. He used his research in writing, teaching, and consulting.

His early study of Yurok, Hupa, Karok, Nuqually, Oakville and Skopomish Indians is contained in research notebooks, field notebooks and photographs. There is an interesting section on Indian Shakerism (not related to the Shaker Movement of the East). One notebook records his experience while conducting a class at Berkeley in 1943 on inter-cultural exchange of information. The later field notebooks record his observations while on Palau and New Guinea. There are also approximately 900 slides that he used in class lectures.

Dr. Barnett amassed a large collection of scholarly papers and periodicals dealing with the South Pacific area, especially during the years 1952-1960. There are a few publications in Japanese reflecting the interests of the prior trustees of Palau. There are significant numbers of scientific papers in Dutch on natives of New Guinea. He also preserved interesting examples of literature in Palauan, pidgin English and Papuan.

There is no personal correspondence other than that pertaining to setting up a study of displaced communities in the South Pacific. This study was funded over a 5-year period by the National Science Foundation. The resulting papers are on deposit at the University of Oregon.

Dr. Barnett spent 2 years (1944-1946) as Senior Fellow in ethnogeography at the Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE). There are no papers in this collection dating from those years, but the BAE Correspondence files contain letters to and from Barnett during this period.

Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.

Arrangement:

The Homer Garner Barnett papers are arranged in the following series: (1) Material relating to the "Displaced Communities" Study, 1963-1970; (2) Writings, 1938-1959; (3) Field notebooks, 1934-circa 1955; (4) Dissertation notebooks, undated; (5) Linguistic material, 1941-1965; (6) Scholarly serials and periodicals, 1950-1971; (7) Processed and printed items, 1942-1974; (8) Photographs, 1895-1955; (9) Micronesian Monthly/Reporter, 1951-1963; (10) Quarterly Bulletin of the South Pacific Commission, 1953-1963; (11) Photographic slides, 1947-1953; (12) Maps, 1887-1959

Biographical Note:

Homer G. Barnett trained at the University of California at Berkeley and practiced as an ethnologist and archeologist. He specialized in culture change and applied anthropology.

Barnett's earliest field work was among American Indians of Oregon, Washington, and northwestern California--particularly the Yurok, Hupa, Yakima, and several small groups of the Oregon coast. Some of his research concerned diverse ethnological matters but much of it focused primarily on the Indian Shaker religion and the potlatch, the latter being the subject of his doctoral dissertation.

In 1939, while he was on the faculty of the University of New Mexico, Barnett served as field director of the Jemez Archeological Field School and was in charge of a project in the Santa Fe National Forest in New Mexico. Later in the same year, he joined the faculty of the University of Oregon and has been chiefly identified with that institution since then. In the summer of 1943, however, he participated in a World War II Far Eastern Language and Area Training Program of the University of California at Berkeley. There he helped train voluteer service men in techniques of eliciting cultural information from native informants.

In the following year, he joined the staff of the Bureau of American Ethnology and became a researcher associated with the Ethnogeographic Board, the World War II agency formed to provide scientific information about human and natural resources of the world. He served as the executive secretary of the Board's Pacific Survey Project and, later, undertook a War Document Survey concerning the Pacific to determine and advise on the disposition of documents that had been accumulated by the government.

Returning to the University of Oregon after the war, Barnett continued to work with Pacific cultures. He carried out field work in the Palau Islands under the sponsorship of the National Research Council, served as staff anthropologist for the Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, and was a consultant for the government of Netherlands New Guinea. In the 1960s, he directed a program of research among communities of the Pacific displaced because of natural disasters and atomic bomb tests.

Related Materials:

In 1939, Dr. Barnett was the director of an archeological excavation in the Santa Fe National Forest in New Mexico. The report of this dig is NAA MS 4070. Another paper Barnett wrote, Yakima Indians in 1942 is NAA MS 4867.

Provenance:

Dr. Homer G. Barnett donated this collection to the National Anthropological Archives in 1975.

Restrictions:

The Homer Garner Barnett papers are open for research.

Access to the Homer Garner Barnett papers requires an appointment.

Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Topic:

Religion  Search this

Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this

Potlatch  Search this

Shakers (American Indian)  Search this

American Indian  Search this

Citation:

Homer Garner Barnett Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.1975-17

See more items in:

Homer Garner Barnett Papers

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw39c1a1d94-a616-4fcd-9542-7d73c05a81d0

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-1975-17

Collection Creator:

Barnett, H. G. (Homer Garner), 1906-1985  Search this

Extent:

0.167 Linear feet

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

undated

Scope and Contents:

The research done by Barnett in other publications, which served as background for his Ph.D. dissertation, is found here. This is valuable for anyone reading his Nature and Function of the Potlatch, Series 2, and any of his field notebooks dated prior to 1938, Series 3. Illustrations can be found in Series 8, Coast Salish Indians in British Columbia.

Arrangement:

Arranged according to author's numbering.

Collection Restrictions:

The Homer Garner Barnett papers are open for research.

Access to the Homer Garner Barnett papers requires an appointment.

Collection Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Collection Citation:

Homer Garner Barnett Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.1975-17, Series 4

See more items in:

Homer Garner Barnett Papers

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw338a98813-45d8-4707-b349-c75477a2cbe4

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-naa-1975-17-ref21

Collection Creator:

Barnett, H. G. (Homer Garner), 1906-1985  Search this

Extent:

11 Photographs

4 Negatives (photographic)

Container:

Box 13

Type:

Archival materials

Photographs

Photographs

Negatives (photographic)

Date:

undated

Scope and Contents:

None by Barnett. Identification on reverse in most cases.

Collection Restrictions:

The Homer Garner Barnett papers are open for research.

Access to the Homer Garner Barnett papers requires an appointment.

Collection Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Collection Citation:

Homer Garner Barnett Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

See more items in:

Homer Garner Barnett Papers

Homer Garner Barnett Papers / Series 8: Photographs

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3dc71b1bc-4abb-4a47-a43e-93b737fbe7bc

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-naa-1975-17-ref304

Collection Creator:

Medicine, Beatrice  Search this

Container:

Box 13

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

bulk 1983-1990

Collection Restrictions:

Materials relating to student grades, letters of recommendation, and evaluations have been restricted.

Collection Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Collection Citation:

Beatrice Medicine papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.

Sponsor:

Funding for the processing of this collection was provided by the Smithsonian Women's Committee.

See more items in:

Beatrice Medicine papers

Beatrice Medicine papers / Series 6: Civil Rights

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3f63a347c-0924-4d47-98ba-0e199400a5a7

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-naa-1997-05-ref396

Creator:

Curtis, Edward S., 1868-1952  Search this

Names:

Harriman Alaska Expedition (1899)  Search this

Former owner:

Cardozo, Christopher  Search this

Extent:

12.5 Linear feet

Culture:

Acoma Pueblo  Search this

Apache  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

Niitsitapii (Blackfoot/Blackfeet)  Search this

Sicangu Lakota (Brulé Sioux)  Search this

Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this

Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke)  Search this

Duwamish (Dwamish)  Search this

Hopi Pueblo  Search this

Hupa  Search this

Klamath  Search this

Jicarilla Apache  Search this

Kootenai (Kutenai)  Search this

Kwakwaka'wakw (Kwakiutl)  Search this

Diné (Navajo)  Search this

Oglala Lakota (Oglala Sioux)  Search this

Coast Salish  Search this

Taos Pueblo  Search this

San Ildefonso Pueblo  Search this

Ohkay Owingeh (San Juan Pueblo)  Search this

Wishram  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Date:

circa 1899-1930

Summary:

The collection comprises Edward S. Curtis original and copy negatives, prints, and photogravures relating to the Harriman Alaska Expedition and Curtis's 20 volume publication, the North American Indian (NAI), as well as ephemera and one gold-tone of Fort Lapawi.

Scope and Contents:

The Christopher Cardozo collection of Edward S. Curtis papers and photographs primarily relate to Curtis's opus, the North American Indian, and also the 1899 Harriman Alaska Expedition. Papers in the collection include promotional ephemera for the NAI as well as articles by Curtis and others. Photographic material includes original and copy negatives, prints, two Harriman Alaska Expedition souvenir albums, and one gold-tone of Fort Lapawi.

Arrangement:

The collection is arranged in two series: 1. Papers; and 2. Photographs and photogravures.

Biographical / Historical:

Edward Sherriff Curtis (1868-1952) was an American photographer famous for his photographs of the indigenous peoples of North America. His work was highly influential in shaping a sympathetic yet romantic view of cultures that he and many others believed to be "vanishing." Over the course of 30 years, Curtis visited more than 80 Native American communities and published his photographs and ethnographies in the twenty-volume North American Indian (NAI) (1907-1930).

Curtis was born in Whitewater, Wisconsin, to Ellen and Johnson Curtis in 1868. In about 1874, his family moved to a farm in Cordova, Minnesota. At a young age, Curtis built a camera, and it is possible that he may have worked in a Minneapolis photography studio for a time. In 1887, Curtis and his father moved West and settled on a plot near what is now Port Orchard, Washington, with the rest of the family joining them the following year. When Johnson Curtis died within a month of the family's arrival, 20-year-old Curtis became the head of the family.

In 1891, Curtis moved to Seattle and bought into a photo studio with Rasmus Rothi. Less than a year later, he and Thomas Guptill formed "Curtis and Guptill, Photographers and Photoengravers." The endeavor became a premier portrait studio for Seattle society and found success in photoengraving for many local publications. In 1892, Curtis married Clara Phillips (1874-1932) and in 1893 their son Harold was born (1893-1988), followed by Elizabeth (Beth) (1896-1973), Florence (1899-1987) and Katherine (Billy) (1909-?). Around 1895, Curtis made his first photographs of local Native people, including the daughter of Duwamish chief Seattle: Kickisomlo or "Princess Angeline." Curtis submitted a series of his Native American photographs to the National Photographic Convention, and received an award in the category of "genre studies" for Homeward (later published in volume 9 of the NAI). In 1896, the entire Curtis family moved to Seattle, which included Curtis's mother, his siblings Eva and Asahel, Clara's sisters Susie and Nellie Phillips, and their cousin William Phillips. Most of the household worked in Curtis's studio along with other employees. Curtis became sole proprietor of the studio in 1897, which remained a popular portrait studio but also sold his scenic landscapes and views of the Seattle Area. Curtis also sent his brother Asahel to Alaska and the Yukon to photograph the Klondike Gold Rush, and sold those views as well. Asahel went on to become a well-known photographer in his own right, primarily working in the American Northwest.

Curtis was an avid outdoorsman and joined the Mazamas Club after his first of many climbs of Mount Rainier. On a climb in 1898, Curtis evidently met a group of scientists, including C. Hart Merriam, George Bird Grinnell, and Gifford Pinchot, who had lost their way on the mountain, and led them to safety. This encounter led to an invitation from Merriam for Curtis to accompany a group of over 30 well-known scientists, naturalists, and artists as the official photographer on a maritime expedition to the Alaskan coast. Funded by railroad magnate Edward Harriman, the Harriman Alaska Expedition left Seattle in May of 1899, and returned at the end of July. Curtis made around 5000 photographs during the trip, including photographs of the indigenous peoples they met as well as views of mountains, glaciers, and other natural features. Many of the photographs appeared in the expedition's 14 published volumes of their findings.

In 1900, Curtis accompanied Grinnell to Montana for a Blackfoot Sundance. Here, Curtis made numerous photographs and became interested in the idea of a larger project to document the Native peoples of North America. Almost immediately upon returning from the Sundance, Curtis set off for the Southwest to photograph Puebloan communities. By 1904, Curtis had already held at least one exhibit of his "Indian pictures" and his project to "form a comprehensive and permanent record of all the important tribes of the United States and Alaska that still retain to a considerable degree their primitive customs and traditions" (General Introduction, the NAI) had taken shape and already received some press coverage. With his fieldwork now increasing his absences from home, Curtis hired Adolph Muhr, former assistant to Omaha photographer Frank Rinehart, to help manage the Seattle studio.

In 1904, Curtis was a winner in the Ladies Home Journal "Prettiest Children In America" portrait contest. His photograph of Marie Fischer was selected as one of 112 that would be published and Fischer was one of 12 children selected from the photographs who would have their portrait painted by Walter Russell. Russell and Curtis made an acquaintance while Russell was in Seattle to paint Fischer's portrait, and not long afterwards, Russell contacted Curtis to make photographic studies of Theodore Roosevelt's children for portraits he would paint. Curtis subsequently photographed the entire Roosevelt family, and developed a social connection with the President. Several important outcomes came of this new friendship, including Roosevelt eventually writing the foreword to the NAI, as well as making introductions to influential people.

Key among these introductions was one to wealthy financier John Pierpont Morgan, in 1906. After a brief meeting with Curtis during which he viewed several of Curtis's photographs of Native Americans, Morgan agreed to finance the fieldwork for the NAI project for five years, at $15,000.00 per year. It was up to Curtis to cover publishing and promotion costs, with the publication being sold as a subscription. In return, Morgan would receive 25 sets of the 20-volume publication. The ambitious publication plan outlined 20 volumes of ethnological text, each to be illustrated with 75 photogravure prints made from acid-etched copper plates. Each volume would be accompanied by a companion portfolio of 35 large photogravures. With high-quality papers and fine binding, a set would cost $3000.00. 500 sets were planned. Under Morgan, the North American Indian, Inc. formed as body to administer the monies. Also around this time, Frederick Webb Hodge, Director of the Smithsonian Institution's Bureau of American Ethnology, agreed to edit the publications.

Curtis then began more systematic fieldwork, accompanied by a team of research assistants and Native interpreters. In 1906, Curtis hired William E. Myers, a former journalist, as a field assistant and stenographer. Over the years, Myers became the lead researcher on the project, making enormous contributions in collecting data and possibly doing the bulk of the writing for the first 18 volumes. Upon meeting a new community, Curtis and his team would work on gathering data dealing with all aspects of the community's life, including language, social and political organization, religion, food ways, measures and values, and many other topics. (See box 2 folder 1 in this collection for Curtis's list of topics.) Curtis and his assistants, especially Myers, brought books and papers to the field relating to the tribes they were currently concerned with, and often wrote from the field to anthropologists at the Bureau of American Ethnology and other institutions for information or publications. In addition to fieldnotes and photographs, the team also employed sound recording equipment, making thousands of recordings on wax cylinders. Curtis also often brought a motion picture camera, although few of his films have survived.

The first volume of the NAI was published towards the end of 1907. Already, Curtis was encountering difficulty in finding subscribers to the publication despite great praise in the press and among those who could afford the volumes. Curtis spent progressively more of his time outside the field season promoting the project through lectures and in 1911, presenting his "Picture Musicale"—a lecture illustrated with lantern slides and accompanied by an original musical score—in major cities. After the initial five funded years, only eight of the twenty volumes had been completed. However, Morgan agreed to continue support for the fieldwork and publication continued.

Starting in 1910, Curtis and his team worked among the Kwakwaka'wakw First Nation on Vancouver Island, and in 1913 began to develop a documentary film project featuring the community in Alert Bay. In 1914, Curtis produced the feature-length film, In the Land of the Headhunters. The film showcased an all-indigenous cast and included an original musical score. Screened in New York and Seattle, it received high praise. However after this initial success, it did not receive the attention Curtis had hoped for, and resulted in financial loss.

Meanwhile, Curtis's prolonged absences from home had taken a toll on his marriage and in 1919 Clara and Edward divorced. The Seattle studio was awarded to Clara, and Curtis moved to Los Angeles, opening a photography studio with his daughter Beth and her husband Manford "Mag" Magnuson. Daughters Florence and Katherine came to Los Angeles sometime later. Curtis continued with fieldwork and promotion of the project, and in 1922 volume 12 of the NAI was published. Also in 1922, Curtis was accompanied during the field season in California by his daughter Florence Curtis Graybill, the first time a family member had gone to the field with him since the Curtis children were very small.

Curtis continued to push the project and publications along, yet never without financial struggle and he picked up work in Hollywood as both a still and motion picture photographer. John Pierpont Morgan, Jr., continued to provide funding for the fieldwork in memory of his father, but with the various financial upsets of the 1910s and 1920s, Curtis had a difficult time getting subscribers on board. In 1926, Myers, feeling the strain, regretfully resigned after the completion of volume 18. Anthropologist Frank Speck recommended Stewart Eastwood, a recent graduate from the University of Pennsylvania, to replace Myers as ethnologist for the final two volumes.

In 1927, Curtis and his team, along with his daughter Beth Curtis Magnuson, headed north from Seattle to Alaska and Canada on a final field season. Harsh weather and a hip injury made the trip difficult for Curtis, but he was very satisfied with the season's work. The party returned to Seattle, and upon arrival Curtis was arrested for unpaid alimony. He returned exhausted to Los Angeles, and in 1930 the final two volumes of NAI were published without fanfare. Curtis spent the next two years recovering from physical and mental exhaustion. Beth and Mag continued to run the Curtis studio in LA, but for the most part, Curtis had set down his camera for good. With the NAI behind him and his health recovered, Curtis pursued various interests and employment, eventually, settling down on a farm outside Los Angeles. he later moved in with Beth and Mag. Curtis died at home in 1952.

Sources Cited Davis, Barbara. Edward S. Curtis: the life and times of a shadowcatcher. San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1984. Gidley, Mick. The North American Indian, Incorporated. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1998.

Christopher Cardozo (1948-2021) was a major collector and dealer in Edward S. Curtis photography.

Related Materials:

The National Anthropological Archives holds additional Curtis papers and photographs in NAA.2010-28, the Edward S. Curtis papers and photographs, MS 2000-18, the Edward Curtis investigation of the battle of Little Bighorn and Photo Lot 59, the Library of Congress copyright prints collection.

The Archives of Traditional Music at Indiana University holds Curtis's wax cylinder audio recordings from 1907-1913.

The Braun Research Library at the Autry Museum of the American West holds the Frederick Webb Hodge papers (1888-1931), which contain substantial correspondence from Curtis. The Braun also holds a small amount of Curtis papers and photographs, including some of Curtis's cyanotypes.

The Getty Research Institute holds the Edward S. Curtis papers (1900-1978), which include the original manuscript scores for the Curtis Picture Musicale and film In the Land of the Headhunters.

The Palace of the Governors at the New Mexico History Museum holds original Curtis negatives pertaining to the southwest.

The Pierpont Morgan Library holds the Edward S. Curtis papers (1906-1947), which contain the records of the North American Indian, Inc., as well as Curtis's correspondence to librarian, and later library director, Belle Da Costa Greene. The library also holds a large collection of Curtis's lantern slides, used in his Picture Musicale.

The Seattle Public Library holds correspondence of Curtis to Librarian Harriet Leitch (1948-1951), pertaining to his career.

The Seaver Center for Western History Research at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History holds collection GC 1143, which contains Curtis's field notes as well as manuscript drafts for the North American Indian.

The Smithsonian's National Museum of the American Indian holds NMAI.AC.080, the Edward S. Curtis photogravure plates and proofs, as well as NMAI.AC.053, the Mary Harriman Rumsey collection of Harriman Alaska Expedition photographs.

The University of Washington Libraries Special Collections holds the Edward S. Curtis papers (1893-1983). Additionally, the Burke Museum holds papers and photographs of Edmund Schwinke, which relate to Curtis's work with the Kwakwaka'wakw community.

Provenance:

The collection was donated to the National Anthropological Archives by Julie Cardozo in 2022.

Restrictions:

Viewing of the photographic negatives requires advance notice and the permission of the Photo Archivist.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Identifier:

NAA.2022-12

See more items in:

Christopher Cardozo Collection of Edward S. Curtis papers and photographs

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw36944a23c-3be7-4086-bab0-4696f3aab866

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-2022-12

Collection Creator:

Sturtevant, William C.  Search this

Container:

Box 418

Type:

Archival materials

Date:

2003

Collection Restrictions:

Files containing Sturtevant's students' grades have been restricted, as have his students' and colleagues' grant and fellowships applications. Restricted files were separated and placed at the end of their respective series in boxes 87, 264, 322, 389-394, 435-436, 448, 468, and 483. For preservation reasons, his computer files are also restricted. Seminole sound recordings are restricted. Access to the William C. Sturtevant Papers requires an apointment.

Collection Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Collection Citation:

William C. Sturtevant papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Sponsor:

The papers of William C. Sturtevant were processed with the assistance of a Wenner-Gren Foundation Historical Archives Program grant awarded to Dr. Ives Goddard. Digitization and preparation of these materials for online access has been funded through generous support from the Arcadia Fund.

See more items in:

William C. Sturtevant papers

William C. Sturtevant papers / Series 5: Smithsonian / 5.5: Administrative

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3542d48b9-5b09-4f7a-b76d-f248ac8e24a1

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-naa-2008-24-ref11293