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Neil Merton Judd papers

Creator:
Palmer, Edward, 1829-1911  Search this
Hyde Exploring Expedition (1902-1903)  Search this
Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of American Ethnology  Search this
Judd, Neil Merton, 1887-1976  Search this
Cummings, Byron, 1860-1954  Search this
Photographer:
Jackson, William Henry, 1843-1942  Search this
Martin, Charles  Search this
Hough, Walter, 1859-1935  Search this
Wisherd, Edwin L., 1900 -1970  Search this
Mearns, Edgar Alexander, 1856-1916  Search this
Haven, O.C.  Search this
Correspondent:
La Gorce, John Oliver, 1880-1959  Search this
Jeançon, Jean Allard  Search this
Johnson, Merritt S.  Search this
Hobler, Philip M.  Search this
Scott, Hugh Lenox, 1853-1934  Search this
Wissler, Clark, 1870-1947  Search this
Wetmore, Alexander, 1886-1978  Search this
McNitt, Frank  Search this
Morris, Earl Halstead, 1889-1956  Search this
Morley, Sylvanus Griswold, 1883-1948  Search this
Nusbaum, Jesse L. (Jesse Logan)  Search this
Nelson, N. C. (Nels Christian), 1875-1964  Search this
O'Bryan, Deric  Search this
Popenoe, Frederick W.  Search this
Pepper, George H. (George Hubbard), 1873-1924  Search this
Roberts, Frank H. H. (Frank Harold Hanna), 1897-1966  Search this
Scofield, Carl S.  Search this
Ruppert, Karl  Search this
Shapiro, Harry L. (Harry Lionel), 1902-1990  Search this
Hewett, Edgar L. (Edgar Lee), 1865-1946  Search this
Hodge, Frederick Webb, 1864-1956  Search this
Allen, Glover M.  Search this
Amsden, Monroe  Search this
Bannister, Bryant  Search this
Breazeale, James Frank  Search this
Brew, J. O. (John Otis), 1906-1988  Search this
Colton, Harold Sellers, 1881-1970  Search this
Conant, Kenneth J.  Search this
Coville, Frederick V. (Frederick Vernon), 1867-1937  Search this
Danson, Beatrice  Search this
Dodge, Richard E.  Search this
Grosvenor, Gilbert H.  Search this
Author:
Walsh, Oscar B.  Search this
Ruppert, Karl  Search this
Blom, Frans  Search this
Marye, William Bose, 1886-1979  Search this
Extent:
18 Linear feet
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Place:
Paragonah -- Utah -- archeology
Rainbow Natural Bridge
North Carolina -- Archeology
San Juan County (Utah) -- Archeology
Viriginia -- Archeology
New Mexico -- Archeology
Utah -- Archeology
Walhalla Plateau -- Arizona -- archeology
Delaware -- Archeology
Maryland -- Archeology
Arizona -- Archeology
Chaco Canyon (N.M.) -- Archeology
Date:
circa 1870- circa 1980
bulk 1907-1931
Summary:
The papers of Neil Merton Judd, archeologist and curator in the Smithsonian Institution United States National Museum, were deposited in the National Anthropological Archives at various times during the 1960's and 1970's. Much of Judd's own material was produced as part of his official duties and lie within the public domain. The collection occupies fourteen linear feet of shelf space.
Scope and Contents:
These papers reflect the professional life of Neil Merton Judd (1887-1976), archeologist and curator in the former United States National Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Included are diaries of expeditions, correspondence, field notes, notes, financial records, copies of historical documents, maps, drawings, photographs, and other documents that cover the period from the 1870s to the 1970s. Most of the material, however, is dated between 1907 and 1965.

Of primary concern is Judd's archeological work in Arizona, New Mexico, and Utah, especially at Pueblo Bonito and other sites in the area of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, which he carried out for the National Geographic Society between 1920 and 1927. Appreciable material concerns the so-called Beam expeditions of 1923, 1928, and 1929 to locate study of tree-rings. Other documents relate to Judd's work in San Juan country, Utah; at Paragonah and other sites in southern Utah; and on the Walhalla Plateau in Arizona. Some correspondences, which Judd carried on with William B. Marye between 1932 and 1949, concern Indian bridges in Maryland and nearby states.

Several other expeditions of which Judd was a member are documented among the papers solely or primarily through photographs. There is little material that reflects Judd's personal life, daily curatorial duties at the United States National Museum, work at Rito de los Frijoles with Edgar L. Hewett in 1910, expedition to Guatemala in 1914, or aerial surveys of old canals in Arizona during the 1929-30.

Among correspondents whose letters are included among the papers are Glover M. Allen, Monroe Amsden, Bryant Bannister, James F. Breazeale, Harold S. Colton, Kenneth J. Conant, Fredrick V. Coville, Richard E. Dodge, Harold S. Gladwin, Gilbert Grosvernor, Edgar L. Hewett, Frederick Webb Hodge, William H. Jackson, Jean A. Jeancon, John O. La Gorce, Frank McNitt, Sylvanus G. Morley, Earl H. Morris, Nels C. Nelson, Jesse L. Nusbaum, Deric O'Bryan, George H. Pepper, Frederick Wilson Popenoe, Frank H. H. Roberts, Karl Ruppert, Carl S. Scofield, Hugh L. Scott, Harry L. Shapiro, Anna O. Shepard, Alfred M. Tozzer, and Clark Wissler. In addition to his own material, Judd also acquired some material from members of his expeditions, especially from Frans Blom, Karl Ruppert, and Oscar B. Walsh. He also collected historical documents and photographs. Among these are copies of documents relating to southwestern archeological explorations of the naturalist Edward Palmer. He also acquired photographs by Walter Hough made in Arizona between 1904 and 1920., photographs taken on the Hyde Exploring Expedition to Chaco Canyon, and miscellaneous photographs made on expeditions of William H. Jackson, Edgar A. Mearns, and others.

Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Arrangement:
To a degree, the arrangement of the collection is Judd's own. The series titles in quotation marks are Judd's own.

"Pueblo Bonito File"

Chaco Canyon Notes, Notebooks, and Note Cards

Material Relating to Judd's Bureau of American Ethnology Expeditions between 1915 and 1920

"Utah File"

Material Concerning Edward Palmer

Correspondence with William B. Marye

Miscellaneous Correspondence

Manuscripts of Writings

Miscellany

Cartographic Material

Artwork and Photographic Enlargements

Photographs
Biographical Note:
Note: Biographical data and a bibliography of Judd's writings are in the series of miscellany among his papers. For an obituary, see Waldo R. Wedel, "Neil Merton Judd, 1887-1976." American Antiquity, volume 43, number 3 (July 1978), pages 399-404, and J. O. Brew, "Neil Merton Judd, 1887-1976." American Anthropologist, volume 80, number 2 (June 1978), pages 352-54. An obituary prepared by Judd is among the papers.

October 27, 1887 -- Born in Cedar Rapids, Nebraska

1907-08 -- Public school teacher in Utah

1907 -- Student archeologist on Byron Cummings' reconnaissance of White Canyon, Utah

1908 -- Student archeologist on Cummings' reconnaissance of Montezuma Canyon, Utah, and Segi Valley, Arizona.

1909 -- Student archeologist on Cummings' reconnaissance of Segi Valley, Arizona, and the Cummings- Douglass expedition to Rainbow Natural Bridge.

1910 -- Student assistant to Edgar L. Hewett on the Archeological Institute of America's expedition to El Rito del los Frijoles, New Mexico

1911 -- Bachelor of Arts, University of Utah

1911-1917 -- Aid, Division of Ethnology, United States National Museum, Smithsonian Institution

1913 -- Master of Arts, George Washington University, Washington, D.C.

1914 -- Member, Archeological Institute's Fourth Quirigua Expedition to Guatemala; supervised the fabrication of a reproduction model of ruins for the Pacific-California International Exposition, San Diego

1915 -- Archeological reconnaissance of Indian mounds in and near Willard, Beaver City, Paragonah, St. George, Kanab, and Cottonwood Canyon, Utah, and "Spanish Diggings" flint quarries in Wyoming for the Bureau of American Ethnology

1916 -- Reconnaissance and excavations of Indian mounds near Paragonah and in Willard County, Utah, for the Bureau of American Ethnology

1916-18 -- Treasurer, American Anthropological Association

1917 -- Director, project for partial restoration of Betatakin ruin, Arizona, for the United States Department of the Interior, and the excavations at Paragonah, Utah, for the Smithsonian and University of Utah

1918 -- Archeological reconnaissance of the Walhalla Plateau, Arizona, for the Bureau of American Ethnology

1918-19 -- Assistant Curator, Department of Anthropology, United States National Museum

1919 -- Archeological investigations in Cottonwood Canyon, Utah, for the Bureau of American Ethnology

1919-30 -- Curator, American Archeology, Division of Archeology, Department of Anthropology, United States National Museum

1920 -- Archeological investigations at Toroweap Valley, Mt. Trumbull, Pariah Plateau, House Rock Valley, Bright Angel Creak, Cottonwood Canyon, and Kanab Creek in Utah and Arizona for the Bureau of American Ethnology and reconnaissance of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, for the National Geographic Society

1920-23 -- Vice President, Anthropological Society of Washington

1921-27 -- Investigations of Pueblo Bonito and nearby ruins in New Mexico for the National Geographic Society

1923 -- Led first Beam expedition to sites in Arizona, New Mexico, and Colorado, and carried out explorations in San Juan County, Utah, for the Smithsonian Institution and the National Geographic Society

1925-27 -- Member, Board of Managers, Washington Academy of Science, and President, Anthropological Society of Washington

1925-28 -- Member, Division of Anthropology and Psychology, National Research Council

1926 -- Archeological Observations North of the Rio Colorado, Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 82, 1926

1927-36 -- Trustee, Laboratory of Anthropology, Santa Fe, New Mexico

1928 -- Investigations of Indian burials in rock shelter, Wolf Creek, Russell County, Kentucky, for the Bureau of American Ethnology

1929 -- Led Third Beam Expedition to sites in Arizona for the National Geographic Society and reconnaissance of the prehistoric canals in the Gila River and Salt River valleys for the Bureau of American Ethnology

1930 -- Aerial surveys of ancient canals in the Gila River and Salt River valleys for the Bureau of American Ethnology and the United States Department of War

1930-49 -- Curator, Archeology, United States National Museum

1931 -- Investigations on the Natanes Plateau, Arizona, for the Bureau of American Ethnology

1931-32 -- Member, Division of Anthropology and Psychology, National Research Council (second time)

1935 -- Smithsonian Institution's delegate to the second assembly, Pan-American Institute of Geography and History

1936-48 -- Advisory Board, Laboratory of Anthropology, Santa Fe, New Mexico

1937-39 -- Member, Division of Anthropology and Psychology, National Research Council (third time)

1938 -- Married Anne Sarah MacKay

1938-40 -- Member, Board of Managers, Washington Academy of Science

1939 -- President, Society for American Archaeology, and Vice President and Chairman, Section H, American Association for the Advancement of Science

1945 -- President, American Anthropological Association

December 31, 1949 -- Retired from the staff of the United States National Museum

January 1, 1950 -- Honorary Associate in Anthropology of the Smithsonian Institution

1953 -- Awarded the Franklin L. Burr Award of the National Geographic Society

1954 -- The Material Culture of Pueblo Bonito, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, volume 125

1958 -- Awarded Certificate of Award of the Smithsonian Institution

1959 -- Pueblo Del Arroyo, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, volume 138, number 1

1962 -- Awarded the Franklin L. Burr Award of the National Geographic Society (second time)

1964 -- The Architecture of Pueblo Bonito, Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections, volume 147, number 1

1965 -- Awarded the Alfred Vincent Kidder Award of the American Anthropological Association

1966 -- Awarded Special Award of the United States Department of the Interior

1967 -- The Bureau of American Ethnology: A Partial History, University of Oklahoma Press

1968 -- Men met along the Trail: Adventures in Archeology, University of Oklahoma Press

December 19, 1976 -- Died
Related Materials:
Additional material in the National Anthropological Archives that relates to Judd can be found among the correspondence files of the Bureau of American Ethnology; files of the Department of Anthropology of the United States National Museum, especially those of the Division of Archeology; papers of Frank H.H. Roberts; papers of William B. Marye; American Antiquities permits records of the Anthropological Society of Washington; papers of John P. Harrington; papers of Frank M. Setzler; papers of Henry B. Collins; and records of the American Anthropological Association. Additional photographs that relate to the expeditions of which Judd was a member are in the cataloged and the uncataloged photographs. For example, negatives and other photographic material of the aerial surveys of ancient canals in the Gila River and Salt River valleys in Arizona are NAA photographic lot 3.
Restrictions:
The Neil Merton Judd papers are open for research.

Access to the Neil Merton Judd papers requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Topic:
Shell heaps  Search this
Dendrochronology  Search this
Bridges -- American Indian  Search this
Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this
Citation:
Neil Merton Judd papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.1973-48
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3f428d6cb-9985-4deb-9ccd-494ddce47aed
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-1973-48

Bureau of American Ethnology photograph albums of Native Americans

Creator:
Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of American Ethnology  Search this
Photographer:
Bell, C. M. (Charles Milton), approximately 1849-1893  Search this
Cohner, Samuel A.  Search this
Dinwiddie, William, 1867-1934  Search this
Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882  Search this
Gill, De Lancey, 1859-1940  Search this
Hillers, John K., 1843-1925  Search this
Jackson, William Henry, 1843-1942  Search this
Rinehart, F. A. (Frank A.)  Search this
Sawyer, Wells, 1863-1960  Search this
Shindler, A. Zeno (Antonio Zeno), 1823-1899  Search this
Vannerson, Julian, 1827-  Search this
Names:
Mindeleff, Cosmos, 1863-  Search this
Mindeleff, Victor, 1860-1948  Search this
Extent:
16 Albums (albumen and platinum)
Culture:
Indians of North America -- Plateau  Search this
Cocopa  Search this
Sioux  Search this
Sihasapa Lakota (Blackfoot Sioux)  Search this
Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this
Wichita  Search this
Ho-Chunk (Winnebago)  Search this
Northwest Coast  Search this
Tonkawa  Search this
Indians of North America -- Great Basin  Search this
Spokan  Search this
Shoshone  Search this
Sauk  Search this
Indians of North America -- Southwest, New  Search this
Fox  Search this
Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this
Apache  Search this
Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this
Inunaina (Arapaho)  Search this
Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America  Search this
Ponca  Search this
Tewa Pueblos  Search this
Omaha  Search this
Osage  Search this
Plains Apache (Kiowa Apache)  Search this
Niimíipuu (Nez Perce)  Search this
Iowa  Search this
Kalispel (Pend d'Oreilles)  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Albums
Photographs
Place:
Chaco Canyon (N.M.)
Sonora (Mexico : State)
New Mexico
Date:
1858-1905
Scope and Contents note:
Photograph albums prepared by the Bureau of American Ethnology or the photographic lab, possibly for reference purposes by staff. The use of such albums has been mentioned by BAE photographer De Lancey W. Gill. The albums contain photographs made from the Bureau of American Ethnology's collection of negatives, documenting Apache, Arapaho, Assiniboin, Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Cocopa, Dakota, Flathead, Fox, Iowa, Kalispel, Kiowa Apache, Nez Perce, Omaha, Osage, Ponca, Santa Clara, Sauk, Shoshoni, Spokane Tonkawa, Wichita, and Winnebago people. The bulk of the photographs are studio portraits, made at the Trans-Mississippi Exposition in Omaha in 1898 or during delegation visits to Washington, DC. There are also other photographs made during Victor Mindeleffʹs work in Chaco Canyon, and on W J McGeeʹs expedition to Sonora, Mexico, in 1900.

Photographers include Charles Milton Bell, William Dinwiddie, Alexander Gardner, De Lancey W. Gill, John K. Hillers, William Henry Jackson, Frank Albert Rinehart, Wells Moses Sawyer, Antonio Zeno Shindler, Victor or Cosmos Mindeleff, Julian Vannerson with Samuel A. Cohner. Included are negative numbers formerly used by BAE, but the National Anthropological Archives also annotated them with current negative numbers.
Arrangement note:
Titles of the albums are (1) Omaha and Winnebago; (2) miscellaneous; (3) Sauk and Fox; (4) miscellaneous; (5) Arapaho and Cheyenne; (6) Chiricahua, San Carlos, and Apache; (7) Sauk and Fox; (8) Osage, Shoshoni and Nez Perce, Siouan, Oto; (9) Santa Clara and Flathead; (10) Ponca; (11) Sauk and (12) Wichita and Kiowa Apache; (13) Cocopa; and (14) Assiniboin and Blackfoot
Biographical/Historical note:
The Bureau of American Ethnology was founded in 1879 in part as a result of the federal geological surveys and under the administration of the Smithsonian Institution. Under the directorship of John Wesley Powell (1879-1902), the BAE supported field research by its staff and collaborators, initiated several anthropological publications, and supported the growth of the anthropological discipline, particularly as it related to Native Americans. In addition to its research and publications program, it developed a manuscript repository, library, and an illustrations section that included (in addition to the preparation of artwork for publications) photography and a photographic collection. The BAE commissioned studio portraits of visiting Indian delegates and hired De Lancey Gill served as the its official photographer and illustrator from the 1890s to 1930.
Local Call Number(s):
NAA Photo Lot 60
Location of Other Archival Materials:
The National Anthropological Archives also holds the Bureau of American Ethnology records and the BAE historical negatives, as well as Dinwiddie photographs of the W. J. McGee expeditions are held in (Photo Lot 89 and Photo Lot 144), Charles Milton Bell photographs (Photo Lot 80), and additional photographs by most photographers represented in this collection (Photo Lot 59 and Photo Lot 90-1)
See others in:
Bureau of American Ethnology photograph albums of Native Americans, 1858-1905
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Topic:
Indians of North America -- Northeast  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Photo lot 60, Bureau of American Ethnology photograph albums of American Indians, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
NAA.PhotoLot.60
See more items in:
Bureau of American Ethnology photograph albums of Native Americans
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3b2e9c187-df63-4ee0-b1e7-1de59d1bff96
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-photolot-60
Online Media:

Thomas Dale Stewart Papers

Creator:
Stewart, T. D. (Thomas Dale), 1901-1997  Search this
Names:
American Association of Physical Anthropologists  Search this
National Academy of Sciences (U.S.)  Search this
National Geographic Society (U.S.)  Search this
National Museum of Natural History (U.S.). Department of Anthropology  Search this
Angel, J. Lawrence (John Lawrence)  Search this
Collins, Henry B. (Henry Bascom), 1899-1987  Search this
Hrdlička, Aleš, 1869-1943  Search this
McKern, T. W.  Search this
Extent:
65 Linear feet
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Photographs
Place:
Alaska
Shanidar Cave (Iraq)
Virginia
Maryland
Delaware
Mexico
Peru
Guatemala
Chaco Canyon (N.M.) -- Archeology
Date:
1875-1991, bulk 1931-1991
bulk 1927-1991
Summary:
Thomas Dale Stewart was a physical and forensic anthropologist and worked at the Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History from 1931 until his death in 1997. He worked under Ales Hrdlicka until 1943, became the head curator in 1960, director of the museum in 1962, and retired in 1971. Stewart's research interests included physical and forensic anthropology and archaeology, mostly in North and South America. He also worked with the F.B.I. frequently to aid in homicide investigations, and worked extensively with the U.S. Army to identify skeletal remains from the Korean War in Operation Glory. The Thomas Dale Stewart Papers primarily deal with his life and career at the Smithsonian, particularly his research projects and publications between 1931 and 1991. Materials consist mainly of correspondence, photographic material, dossiers based on writings and research projects, and administrative files.
Scope and Contents:
The Thomas Dale Stewart Papers document his research and professional activities from 1931 to 1991 and primarily deal with his anthropological and archaeological research in North and South America. There is also significant material related to ancient human skeletal remains found in Egypt and the Middle East, Stewart's work identifying skeletal remains for the U.S. Army (Operation Glory), and the history of physical and forensic anthropology. Material documenting Stewart's work with Ales Hrdlicka and other colleagues are also represented in this collection. The collection consists of correspondence, writings and research files, project data, skeletal data punch cards, photographic and illustration materials, and administrative and financial papers.

Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or National Anthropological Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Arrangement:
This collection is arranged in 9 series: Series 1. Biographical and Background, 1937-1983; Series 2. Correspondence, 1931-1990; Series 3. Writings and Research, 1875, 1902-1990; Series 4. Operation Glory, 1954-1957; Series 5. Professional Organizations, 1930-1990; Series 6. Trip Files, 1945-1985; Series 7. Teaching and Lectures, 1950-1970; Series 8. Exhibit Material, 1961-1969; Series 9. Photographs, 1928-1979.
Biographical note:
Thomas Dale Stewart was a curator of physical anthropology at the Smithsonian specializing in anthropometry, early man, and forensic anthropology. He worked in the Department of Anthropology for over seventy years. Born in Delta, Pennsylvania in 1901, Stewart moved to Washington, D.C. to pursue a degree at George Washington University. While attending school, he also began working at the Smithsonian in 1924 as a temporary substitute for John Baer, a family friend from Delta. After Baer died during conducting research in Panama, Stewart was invited to stay on as assistant to Ales Hrdlicka, curator of physical anthropology. Hrdlicka was impressed by Stewart's abilities and quickly took him on as a student. Promised that he would succeed Hrdlicka one day if he obtained an M.D., Stewart enrolled at The Johns Hopkins University and graduated in 1931. After graduating, Stewart was rehired by the Smithsonian as an assistant curator.

Stewart rose through the ranks of the Department of Anthropology quickly, being promoted to associate curator in 1939 and curator in 1943 after the death of his mentor Hrdlicka. Stewart was appointed head curator of the department in 1960 and director of the Natural History Museum in 1962. He continued to work at the Smithsonian well after he retired in 1971, conducting research and producing a stream of publications well into his 90s. He died in 1997 at the age of 96. Many of Stewart's early research interests matched those of his mentor: a focus on dental caries, separate neural arch and spondylolisthesis, ossuary excavation, cranial deformations, and other examinations of archaeological remains throughout North America. While Hrdlicka was alive, Stewart provided support for many of his research projects and publications. After Hrdlicka died, Stewart expanded his interests to include forensic topics and analysis of other archaeological remains.

Anthropometry was prominent in a great deal of his work. He was the first to describe Tepexpan Man from Mexico and Midland Man from Texas. He also studied the remains of Neanderthal specimens that Ralph S. Solecki, of the Bureau of American Ethnology, had uncovered at Shanidar Cave in Iraq. In forensic work, as Hrdlicka's heir, Stewart assumed work for the Federal Bureau of Investigation and other law enforcement officials. Moreover, Stewart devised new methods and published books and articles concerning forensic analysis, including his Essentials of Forensic Anthropology. In closely related work during 1954-1955, the United States Army engaged Stewart to go to Japan to examine skeletal remains repatriated after the Korean War in a project called "Operation Glory."

In terms of his areal specialization, Stewart was essentially an Americanist. In North America, he worked in Alaska with Henry B. Collins in 1927, and in subsequent years he excavated several ossuaries and other sites in the Washington, D.C., vicinity. These included a site on Potomac Creek in Virginia, Piscataway sites in Maryland, and the Townsend site in Delaware. He also carried out laboratory studies and prepared reports on skeletal remains uncovered by Smithsonian colleagues. In the 1940s and 1950s, Stewart conducted field work at archaeological sites in Mexico, Guatemala, and Peru.

He was awarded the Viking Medal in Physical Anthropology in 1953, the Joseph Henry Medal of the Smithsonian Institution in 1967, and an award from the physical anthropology section of the American Academy of Forensic Sciences in 1981.

Sources: Ubelaker, Douglas H. "Thomas Dale Stewart, A Biographer Memoir," National Academy of Sciences, 2006.

Pace, Eric. "T. Dale Stewart Dies at 96; Anthropologist at Smithsonian," The New York Times, 1997.

Chronology

1901 -- Born in Delta, Pennsylvania.

1922-1927 -- Moved to Washington, D.C. and attended George Washington University.

1924 -- Began working at the Smithsonian Institution.

1927 -- Sent by Ales Hrdlicka to Alaska to collect skeletal remains with Henry Collins.

1931 -- Graduated from The Johns Hopkins University with an M.D.

1931 -- Appointed assistant curator at the Smithsonian under Hrdlicka.

1939 -- Promoted to associate curator.

1939 -- Field work in Mexico.

1941 -- Field work in Peru.

1943 -- Taught at the Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis.

1943 -- Promoted to curator after Hrdlicka dies.

1943 -- Began working on forensic cases for the F.B.I.

1945 -- Field work in Mexico.

1949 -- Field work in Peru.

1947, 1949 -- Field work in Guatemala.

1954-1955 -- Traveled to Japan to assist in the identification of skeletal remains from the Korean War (Operation Glory).

1957-1967 -- Taught at the George Washington University School of Medicine.

1960-1962 -- Served as head curator of the Department of Anthropology.

1962-1965 -- Served as the director of the National Museum of Natural History.

1964 -- Assisted in the production of Smithsonian exhibits on physical anthropology.

1966 -- Retired from administrative duties and appointed senior scientist.

1971 -- Retired from the Smithsonian.

1997 -- Died in Bethesda, Maryland.
Related Materials:
The following manuscripts related to Stewart and his work can be found at the NAA:

NAA MS 1615- Excavations in Mancos Canyon, Colorado September 1943.

NAA MS 4669- The Townsend Site Near Lewes, Delaware 1962 by Henri Omwake.

NAA MS 4843- Report by T. Dale Stewart on Human Skeletal Material Excavated by W.M. Walker at Cedar Grove Cave, Arkansas and Natchitoches, Louisiana.

NAA MS 7025- A Tentative Closing Report on the Willin Site, Eldorado, Maryland September 1, 1952.

NAA MS 7121- "Memories from Half a Century at the Smithsonian January 11, 1978" recording.

NAA MS 7223- The Townsend Site January 1950.

NAA MS 7264- Documents Concerning Preserved Paleolithic Human Remains Found in the Vicinity of Cueva, Spain 1969-1972.

NAA MS 7357- Material Relating to Dermatoglyphics of Mayan Groups ca. 1947-1949.

NAA MS 7358- Personal Identification in Mass Disasters December 9-11 1968.

NAA MS 7359- T. Dale Stewart on the Identification of Human Remains April 6, 1970.

NAA MS 7474- Sketches of Burials at Ossuary 2, Juhle Site ca. 1971-1972.

Additional material T. Dale Stewart created while assisting Ales Hrdlicka is located at the National Anthropological Archives, The Papers of Ales Hrdlicka, ca. 1887-1943.

Many objects and artifact materials collected by T. Dale Stewart throughout his career are also held by the Smithsonian Department of Anthropology. These include skeletal remains and other materials from the Shanidar Cave in Iraq, forensic anthropological material including bone casts from Operation Glory, archaelogical materials from excavations in Maryland and Virginia including the Nanjemoy and Potomac Creek sites, and skeletal remains and other related materials from Stewart's 1927 expedition to Alaska with Henry Collins. Contact Anthropological Collections for more information.
Provenance:
Materials were transferred from T. Dale Stewart to the National Anthropological Archives in multiple accretions between 1975 and 2000 under accessions 1981-52, 1981-59, 1986-04, 1988-15, 1988-33, 1995-04, 1998-61, and 2000-46.The bulk of materials in this collection were transferred to the NAA from the Department of Anthropology in 1994 (1995-04).
Restrictions:
The Thomas Dale Stewart papers are open for research.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Topic:
Physical anthropology  Search this
Operation Glory  Search this
anthropometry  Search this
Physical anthropology -- Eskimo  Search this
Physical anthropology -- American Indian  Search this
Americans  Search this
Aging  Search this
Anthropology -- Exhibits  Search this
Fossil hominids  Search this
Early man -- Neanderthal  Search this
George Washington University  Search this
Forensic anthropology  Search this
Anthropology -- History  Search this
Archaeology  Search this
Physical anthropology -- Early man  Search this
Primates  Search this
Genre/Form:
Photographs
Citation:
Thomas Dale Stewart Papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.
Identifier:
NAA.1988-33
See more items in:
Thomas Dale Stewart Papers
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw39eaa4784-50aa-40db-84d5-481a455cd42c
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-naa-1988-33

Chaco Canyon : archaeology and archaeologists / Robert H. Lister and Florence C. Lister

Author:
Lister, Robert H (Robert Hill) 1915-1990  Search this
Lister, Florence Cline  Search this
Physical description:
xiv, 284 p. : ill. ; 26 cm
Type:
Books
Place:
New Mexico
Chaco Canyon
Chaco Canyon (N.M.)
Date:
1984
C1981
Topic:
Antiquities  Search this
Archaeology--History  Search this
Excavations (Archaeology)  Search this
Call number:
E78.N65 L57 1984X
E78.N65L57 1984X
Data Source:
Smithsonian Libraries
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:siris_sil_349810

The Outlier Survey: A Regional View of Settlement in the San Juan Basin

Creator:
Powers, Robert P.  Search this
Gillespie, William B.  Search this
Lekson, Stephen H.  Search this
Extent:
1 Volume (xix + 437)
Type:
Archival materials
Volumes
Printed material
Place:
New Mexico -- Antiquities
San Juan Basin (N.M. and Colo.) -- New Mexico -- Archeology
Chaco Canyon (N.M.) -- Archeology
Date:
1983
Restrictions:
Item in off site storage. Contact archives for information on availability.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Printed material
Citation:
Cite as for book.
See more items in:
Archaeology reports and related material collection
Archaeology reports and related material collection / Reports and related material
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw372632642-bae8-4819-9a81-7e955eb1d047
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-1976-028-ref1119

Environment and Subsistence of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico

Creator:
Mathien, Frances Joan  Search this
Extent:
1 Volume (xx + 488)
Culture:
Anasazi  Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Volumes
Printed material
Place:
New Mexico -- Antiquities
Chaco Canyon (N.M.) -- Archeology
Date:
1985
Restrictions:
Item in off site storage. Contact archives for information on availability.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Printed material
Citation:
Cite as for book.
See more items in:
Archaeology reports and related material collection
Archaeology reports and related material collection / Reports and related material
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3c0b1efc4-e95c-4ed8-899b-a5d58fd12a38
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-1976-028-ref1162

Investigations at the Pueblo Alto Complex Chaco Canyon, New Mexico, 1975-1979

Creator:
Windes, Thomas C.  Search this
Mathien, Frances Joan  Search this
Contributor:
Toll, H. Wolcott  Search this
Extent:
2 Items (volumes (4 parts) Volume II, Part 1 xxii + 1-362; Volume II, Part 2 xxii + 363-706; Volume III, Part 1 xxvi + 1-428; Volume III, Part 2 xxvi + 429-822)
Type:
Archival materials
Printed material
Place:
New Mexico -- Antiquities
Pueblo Alto Complex (Chaco Canyon, N.M.) -- Archeology
Date:
1987
Scope and Contents:
Volume I missing; Volume II Architecture and Stratigraphy; Volume III Artifactual and Biological Analyses
Restrictions:
Item in off site storage. Contact archives for information on availability.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Printed material
Citation:
Cite as for book.
See more items in:
Archaeology reports and related material collection
Archaeology reports and related material collection / Reports and related material
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw30dfd3aae-402e-4ce4-92e7-19c6d5b954c0
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-1976-028-ref1163

The Outlier Survey: A Regional View of Settlement in the San Juan Basin

Creator:
Powers, Robert P.  Search this
Gillespie, William B.  Search this
Lekson, Stephen H.  Search this
Extent:
1 Volume (xix + 437)
Type:
Archival materials
Volumes
Printed material
Place:
New Mexico -- Antiquities
Chaco Canyon (N.M.) -- Chaco Basin -- Archeology
San Juan Basin (N.M. and Colo.) -- New Mexico -- Archeology
Date:
1983
Restrictions:
Item in off site storage. Contact archives for information on availability.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Printed material
Citation:
Cite as for book.
See more items in:
Archaeology reports and related material collection
Archaeology reports and related material collection / Reports and related material
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3cf437827-c3b7-4bbd-8278-a1fdfd107930
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-1976-028-ref1179

A Biocultural Approach to Human Burials from Chaco Canyon, New Mexico

Creator:
Akins, Nancy J.  Search this
Extent:
1 Volume (xvi + 215)
Type:
Archival materials
Volumes
Printed material
Place:
New Mexico -- Antiquities
Chaco Canyon (N.M.) -- Archeology
Date:
1986
Restrictions:
Item in off site storage. Contact archives for information on availability.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Printed material
Citation:
Cite as for book.
See more items in:
Archaeology reports and related material collection
Archaeology reports and related material collection / Reports and related material
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw3242c9afa-915a-41a8-9de9-94bec0d19382
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-1976-028-ref1678

Small Site Architecture of Chaco Canyon, New Mexico

Creator:
McKenna, Peter J.  Search this
Truell, Marcia L.  Search this
Extent:
1 Volume (viii + 508)
Type:
Archival materials
Volumes
Printed material
Place:
New Mexico -- Antiquities
Chaco Canyon (N.M.) -- Archeology
Date:
1986
Restrictions:
Item in off site storage. Contact archives for information on availability.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Printed material
Citation:
Cite as for book.
See more items in:
Archaeology reports and related material collection
Archaeology reports and related material collection / Reports and related material
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw33dc58910-bde8-4d20-af3f-9c97df8e0721
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-1976-028-ref1679

The Spadefoot Toad Site: Investigations at 29SJ 629 Chaco Canyon, New Mexico

Creator:
Windes, Thomas C.  Search this
Berger, S.  Search this
Ford, D.  Search this
Stevenson, C.  Search this
Names:
National Park Service. Division of Anthropology  Search this
Extent:
2 Volumes (Volume I xxviii + 493,;Volume II xvii + 511)
Type:
Archival materials
Volumes
Printed material
Place:
New Mexico -- Antiquities
Chaco Canyon (N.M.) -- Archeology
Scope and Contents:
Volume I Investigations at 29SJ629 in Marcia's Rincon and the Fajada Gap Pueblo II Community Volume II Artifactual and Biological Analyses
Other Title:
Reports of the Chaco Center Number Twelve
Restrictions:
Item in off site storage. Contact archives for information on availability.
Collection Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Genre/Form:
Printed material
Citation:
Cite as for book.
See more items in:
Archaeology reports and related material collection
Archaeology reports and related material collection / Reports and related material
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw39b30608e-d54e-42e0-b6bc-bd2870a9e84d
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-1976-028-ref1826

[Pueblo Bonito, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico]

Extent:
1 Glass negative
Type:
Archival materials
Glass negatives
Photographs
Place:
New Mexico -- Chaco Canyon -- Archeology
Chaco Canyon (N.M.) -- Archeology
Local Numbers:
BAE GN.168 A
Genre/Form:
Photographs
See more items in:
Bureau of American Ethnology negatives
Bureau of American Ethnology negatives / Additional Materials / Photographer not recorded
Archival Repository:
National Anthropological Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw309d4a198-166d-4e78-a6b6-05d6a898acaa
EDAN-URL:
ead_component:sova-naa-photolot-176-ref12346

In Search of the Early Americans

Creator:
Pendry, Alan  Search this
Shell Oil Company  Search this
Extent:
Film reels (42 minutes, color sound, 1,512 feet, 16mm)
Culture:
Ancestral Pueblo (Anasazi): Chaco (archaeological)  Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Film reels
Sound films
Place:
Mesa Verde (Calif.)
Pueblo Bonito Site (N.M.)
Chaco Canyon (N.M.)
North America
Date:
circa 1975
Scope and Contents:
Edited film produced by the Shell Oil Company in consultation with the Smithsonian Department of Anthropology. Film presents the theory that a prehistoric land bridge existed between Seward Peninsula and Siberia allowing the migration of man to North America. Animated scenes depict the formation of glaciers and the subsequent fall in sea level creating the landbridge. Sites depicted and discussed include Mesa Verde in Colorado, Chaco Canyon and Pueblo Bonito in New Mexico, Cahokia Mound in Illinois, and the Mississippian Mounds of southeast United States. Discussion of lifeways in the Anasazi pueblos includes tool and pottery making demonstrations. Other subjects discussed are the history of cultivation, particularly corn, and dating sites using tree rings.

Legacy keywords: Tools and implements American Indian ; Pottery American Indian ; Museum exhibits ; Dendrochronology ; Geomorphology ; Corn ; Paleography ; Pueblo Indians

Please note that the contents of the collection and the language and terminology used reflect the context and culture of the time of its creation. As an historical document, its contents may be at odds with contemporary views and terminology and considered offensive today. The information within this collection does not reflect the views of the Smithsonian Institution or Anthropology Archives, but is available in its original form to facilitate research.
Local Numbers:
AAK4632FA; HSFA 1976.1.1
Provenance:
Received from the Shell Oil Company in 1976.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research. Please contact the archives for information on availability of access copies of audiovisual recordings. Original audiovisual material in the Human Studies Film Archives may not be played.
Rights:
Contact the repository for terms of use.
Topic:
Paleogeography  Search this
Genre/Form:
Sound films
Citation:
In Search of the Early Americans, Human Studies Film Archives, Smithsonian Institution
Identifier:
HSFA.1976.01
Archival Repository:
Human Studies Film Archives
GUID:
https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/pc935c2a882-9dbf-4b89-a009-8ea4f191c9ac
EDAN-URL:
ead_collection:sova-hsfa-1976-01

Rogers Birnie (1851-1939)

Creator:
Bachrach Studio  Search this
Subject:
Birnie, Rogers, 1851-1939  Search this
Geological Survey (U.S.)  Search this
Type:
Black-and-white photographs
Place:
Chaco Canyon (N.M.)
Topic:
Ordnance  Search this
Topography  Search this
Local number:
SIA Acc. 90-105 [SIA2007-0232]
Restrictions & Rights:
No access restrictions Many of SIA's holdings are located off-site, and advance notice is recommended to consult a collection. Please email the SIA Reference Team at osiaref@si.edu
Copyright Not Evaluated
Data Source:
Smithsonian Institution Archives
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:siris_arc_290296

Sherd

Donor Name:
No Information  Search this
Object Type:
Sherd
Place:
New Mexico (not certain), United States (not certain), North America (not certain)
Accession Date:
1991
Topic:
Archaeology  Search this
Accession Number:
999999
USNM Number:
AT5193-0
See more items in:
Anthropology
Data Source:
NMNH - Anthropology Dept.
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/35786f776-26c6-4317-a925-bd4b0b449f63
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8325822

The Outlier survey : a regional view of settlement in the San Juan basin / by Robert P. Powers, William B. Gillespie, Stephen H. Lekson

Author:
Powers, Robert P. 1952-  Search this
Gillespie, William B  Search this
Lekson, Stephen H  Search this
United States National Park Service Division of Cultural Research  Search this
Physical description:
xix, 437 pages : illustrations, maps ; 28 cm
Type:
Books
Place:
New Mexico
Chaco Canyon
San Juan River Watershed (Colo.-Utah)
Chaco Canyon (N.M.)
Date:
1983
Topic:
Chaco culture  Search this
Land settlement patterns, Prehistoric  Search this
Antiquities  Search this
Data Source:
Smithsonian Libraries
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:siris_sil_1048716

The mystery of Chaco Canyon [videorecording] / Bullfrog Films presents ; produced and directed by Anna Sofaer ; written by Anna Sofaer and Matt Dibble ; a production of the Solstice Project

Author:
Sofaer, Anna  Search this
Redford, Robert  Search this
Solstice Project  Search this
Bullfrog Films  Search this
Physical description:
1 videodisc (56 min.) : sd., col. ; 4 3/4 in
Type:
Videorecordings
Place:
New Mexico
Chaco Canyon
Chaco Canyon (N.M.)
Date:
2003
1999
C2003
Topic:
Antiquities  Search this
Chaco culture--Antiquities  Search this
Excavations (Archaeology)  Search this
Indian astronomy  Search this
Call number:
E99.P9 M97 2003
video 000957
Data Source:
Smithsonian Libraries
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:siris_sil_896065

Chaco Canyon : sunrise to sunset / text and photographs by Lee Dubois

Author:
Dubois, Lee 1963-  Search this
Physical description:
76 p. : chiefly ill., 1 map ; 28 cm
Type:
Books
Pictorial works
Place:
Chaco Canyon (N.M.)
Chaco Culture National Historical Park (N.M.)
Date:
1993
C1993
Data Source:
Smithsonian Libraries
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:siris_sil_921972

Prehistoric ruins of Chaco Canyon; / text by Ramona Rollins-Griffin ; drawings by Warren E. Rollins

Author:
Griffin, Ramona Rollins 1888-1981  Search this
Rollins, Warren E.. 1861-1962  Search this
Physical description:
[14] p. : ill ; 20 cm
Type:
Books
Place:
New Mexico
Chaco Canyon
Chaco Canyon (N.M.)
Chaco Culture National Historical Park (N.M.)
Date:
1928
C1928
Topic:
Antiquities  Search this
Excavations (Archaeology)  Search this
Call number:
F802.C4 G75 1928
Data Source:
Smithsonian Libraries
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:siris_sil_909349

Kin Kletso : a Pueblo III community in Chaco Canyon, New Mexico / by Gordon Vivian and Tom W. Mathews ; with a section on The human skeletal material, by Erik Reed

Author:
Vivian, Gordon  Search this
Mathews, Tom W  Search this
Reed, Erik Kellerman 1914- Human skeletal material  Search this
Bannister, Bryant Tree-ring dating of the archeological sites in the Chaco Canyon region, New Mexico  Search this
Physical description:
214 p. : ill. (some folded), maps ; 29 cm
Type:
Books
Place:
New Mexico
Chaco Canyon
Chaco Canyon (N.M.)
Date:
1977
1977, c1973
Topic:
Antiquities  Search this
Excavations (Archaeology)  Search this
Dendrochronology  Search this
Call number:
F802.C4 V58 1977
Data Source:
Smithsonian Libraries
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:siris_sil_922383

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