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Collection Citation:
New York Airways Collection, Acc. NASM.1992.0052, National Air and Space Museum, Smithsonian Institution.
Kilbourne, Elaine Margretta, 1923-2014 Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Date:
1966-1967
Collection Restrictions:
Use of the materials requires an appointment. Please contact the archivist at ACMarchives@si.edu
Collection Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
Elaine M. Kilboroune Scrapbooks, Anacostia Community Museum Archives, Smithsonian Institution, gift of Guy A.Toscano.
Primarily subject files containing letters, photographs, and printed material pertaining to various international expositions and Heythum's teaching activities.
Subject files containing letters, photographs, and printed material for the Industrial Design exposition, 1942-1948; International Exposition in Brno, Czechoslovakia, 1928; Paris Exposition, 1937; Swiss Exposition in Zurich, 1939; San Francisco Bay Exposition, 1939; New York World's Fair, 1937-1940; Cleveland International Exposition, 1941; and the International Exposition in Rome, 1942;
draft manuscripts for books by Heythum and his wife, Charlotta, DESIGN FOR USE and PACKAGING DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS; typescripts, 1941-1942, of essays by Robert M. Hutchins, concerning education and World War II; teaching files containing letters, student reports, photographs, and printed material for the California Institute of Technology, 1942-1945, and Syracuse University, 1949-1958;
photographs, 1920-1936, of Czechoslovakian countryside, people, museums, and expositions; a typescript, "Industrial Design", by Donald Dohner; exhibition catalogs, 1931-1939, for the National Society of Mural Painters members' "portfolio"; Exposition Coloniale Internationale (Paris); Czech art at the American Fine Arts Building (New York); Exposition Internationale de la Technique de L'Eau; Danish Industrial Art; and United Scenic Artists; and miscellaneous display publications and industrial supply catalogs.
Other material includes; 6 undated drafts of letters; a letter, 1935, from Jacques Lambert concerning the Czechoslovakian pavilion at the Exposition de Bruxelles; and a postcard, 1939, from Czechoslovakia.
Biographical / Historical:
Industrial designer. Czechoslovakian born, Heythum received his degree in Architectural Engineering from the Prague Institute of Technology in 1934. Came to the United States in 1939 to survey the New York and San Francisco World's Fairs and research exhibition techniques. In 1941, Heythum was appointed to the California Institute of Technology to organize and direct the Industrial Design Department. He also taught Design at Columbia University and was a consultant to the firm of Norman Bel Geddes. From 1946 until his death, he was engaged by Syracuse University as head of Industrial Design.
Provenance:
Donated 1985 by Arthur Pulos, who succeeded Heythum as head of Industrial Design at Syracuse. Pulos received material in 1956 from Charlotte Heythum.
Restrictions:
Use of original papers requires an appointment and is limited to the Archives' Washington, D.C., Research Center.
Jet Propulsion Laboratory. University of California. Search this
Names:
Jet Propulsion Laboratory. University of California. Search this
National Aeronautics and Space Administration Search this
Extent:
32 Cubic feet (71 boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Publications
Place:
Outer space -- Exploration
Date:
1947-1980
bulk 1960-1974
Summary:
This collection consists of publications issued by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory documenting JPL's work in jet and rocket propulsion, launch vehicle development, and planetary reconnaissance. Most of the material relates to work performed under NASA auspices, but significant material from Army- and Air Force-related research is also included.
Scope and Content Note:
This collection consists of reports published by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and gathered by the staff of the National Air and Space Museum (NASM) from a variety of sources. The reports cover a broad range of subjects investigated at JPL over the period 1947-1980, with the bulk of the material from the NASA era, 1960-1974. This collection is in no way a complete set of all JPL publications, even for the document series represented. Following the transfer of the Bellcomm Inc. Technical Library Collection (now National Air and Space Archives Accession XXXX-0093) to the NASM in the early 1970s, Museum staff attempted to flesh out the JPL Publications Collection with materials from Bellcomm. Those items which could be positively identified as coming from the Bellcomm Collection (approximately 5½ cubic feet of material) were returned to that collection during processing.
JPL publications were numbered consecutively in series based on the contract under which the work was performed. A typical publication number would be "PR 4-112," in which "PR" is an abbreviation for "Progress Report," "4" is the contract-based numerical prefix (4- was assigned to work performed under Ordnance Dept contract W-04-200-ORD-445), and "112" indicates the 112th publication of this kind issued under this contract. With the transfer of JPL to NASA control and the large number of reports expected under NASA contract, numerical prefixes were assigned to different types of publications, for instance 32- for Technical Reports, 33- for Technical Memoranda, and so forth.
JPL compiled subject bibliographies for work done under NASA contracts (primarily contracts NASw-6 and NAS7-100) and published these in the 39- series of documents, a partial set of which is contained within this collection. Further subject reference to JPL reports is available in Aeronautical Information: Abstracts, also published by JPL. A partial set of the abstracts is contained in the Bellcomm Collection.
Series Organization:
The publications in this collection are arranged by report number and type.
Series 15: External Publications (1959; -- 4 items -- )
Series 16: Miscellaneous Publications (1973; -- 2 items -- )
Historical Note:
The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) was established at the California Institute of Technology as the Guggenheim Analytical Laboratory in 1936 to investigate a variety of aeronautics-related topics. By the end of World War II the work at JPL, as it was then known, concentrated primarily on jet and rocket propulsion research under the auspices of the United States Army. JPL was transferred from Army to National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) control on the establishment of the latter in 1958. Under NASA auspices, JPL research expanded into trajectory analysis, planetary reconnaissance, and space communications.
Citations:
All publications are listed in the format:
Number. Title (Author; Journal, Date).
Example:
TR 32-1221. Reaction of O(1D) with H2 and the Reactions of H and OH with Ozone (DeMore; Journal of Chemical Physics, 15 Oct 1967)
Titles appear as shown on the title page of the document. The last name(s) of the author(s) are listed in the order given; the full name or initials are listed in the Author Index of this finding aid. A journal title only appears when the material was originally published as a periodical or scientific journal article and that information appears on the
document. All publication dates are shown in day-month-year order. The document type is shown as an abbreviation preceding the document number:
This collection consists of Willey Ley's personal files, including his business correspondence, book contracts, and galley proofs, as well as publicity concerning Dr. Ley and his activities, and inquiries and comments from Ley's readership during his tenure as columnist for Galaxy Magazine (1952-1969). The material also includes articles gathered by Ley on topics ranging from astronomy and space travel to biology and natural parks to mythology, psychic phenomena, and UFOs.
Scope and Contents note:
The Willy Ley Collection reflects Ley's broad, restless curiosity about the world around him. However, the main thrust of this material emphasizes his intense interest in the aerospace field. Ley's significant contributions as a great proponent, theorist and historian of rocketry and space travel are quite evident in this collection.
For the most part, the collection encompasses the years Ley spent in the U.S., roughly, from the mid 1930s to his death in 1969. Accordingly, very little pertaining to Ley's time in the VfR is found here. This wide array of materials was sold to the Smithsonian Institution's National Air and Space Museum (NASM) by Ley's widow, Olga, in 1970.(1) Later that year, NASM personnel traveled to Ley's home in New York to transfer this collection to the museum. They were careful to maintain the overall order of the collection which reflects its original organizational structure, as well as the research techniques and thinking processes of Ley himself.
The collection of materials listed in the finding aid is arranged into four series. The first series is composed of personal materials that include correspondence, book and article contract materials, galley proofs, manuscript and article drafts, notes, articles, lecture invitations and brochures, photographs, drawings, travel and war-time memorabilia, newspaper and press clippings, book reviews, personal bills and receipts, business cards, children's' report cards and Christmas cards. The materials of this series range in date from the early 1930s to 1969. Except for moving this series to the beginning of the collection, original order was maintained. Additionally, original folder titles were retained (as they were for the rest of the collection). Correspondence, book/article contracts materials, research notes, articles, newspaper and press clippings and miscellaneous personal materials are arranged chronologically while the manuscript drafts, galley proofs and book reviews are organized alphabetically by title.
The second series comprises the bulk --about two-thirds, of the Willy Ley Collection. This series, the aerospace subject files, ranges in date from the late 1800s to 1969, and covers the following topics: biography (Ley and others), aviation, inventions, astronomy, space travel, rockets, artificial satellites, manned space flight, ground support and rocket test centers. The folders include correspondence, photographs, notes, reports, brochures, pamphlets, magazines, articles and newspaper clippings. Original order was maintained for this series. The materials are organized by subject.
The third series consists of printed materials. This series ranges in date from the early 1950s to 1970 and includes various publications (newsletters, pamphlets, journals, reports, directories, magazines and books). Also included are article and newspaper clippings. Ley organized the newsletters by title and then chronologically.
The fourth and final series of this collection contains non-aerospace subject files. Ley's certificates, citations and a scrapbook are found in this series. The certificates and citations are for Ley's civic and professional achievements. The scrapbook contains miscellaneous newspaper clippings regarding rocketry and space travel (in English and German) from the 1930s and 1940s. However, this series, ranging in date from the early 1900s to 1969, mainly encompasses materials not directly related to aviation, rocketry or space travel. Original order was maintained for this series. The materials are organized by subject.
The researcher should note that all the folders (except for those of Series 4) are numbered. This numbering system reflects an effort by NASM's Department of Space History in 1970 to create a rough catalog of the Willy Ley Collection as it was being moved to the museum. Though now obsolete as an index, these penciled numbers were retained and are written in the upper right corner of the folders.
Endnotes: 1. That same year, Mrs. Ley also sold her husband's collection of books and journals to the University of Alabama at Huntsville. Currently, it is known as the Willy Ley Memorial Collection and resides at the University's library. Wernher von Braun and NASA Saturn launch vehicle program manager Arthur Rudolph participated in the dedication ceremony in 1971.
Arrangement note:
Series 1: Personal Materials
Series 2: Aerospace Subject Files
Series 3: Printed Materials
Series 4: Non-Aerospace Subject Files
Biographical/Historical note:
Willy Ley was a world-renown expert in and proponent of rocketry and space travel. Born in Berlin, Germany on October 2, 1906, Ley attended the Universities of Berlin and Konigsberg and studied astronomy, paleontology, zoology and physics. Beyond these studies however, he developed a passionate interest in rocketry and its potential applications for space travel. Accordingly, he wrote and published his first book, Die Fahrt in den Weltraum (Travel in Outer Space) in 1926 and helped found Germany's early rocketry and spaceflight club, Verein fur Raumschiffahrt or VfR (Society for Space Travel) the following year. In 1929, Ley, along with well-known rocketry theorist Hermann Oberth, acted as a technical consultant on Fritz Lang's film, Frau im Mond (Woman in the Moon). Throughout the late 1920s and early 1930s, he continued to write books, as well as numerous articles in German and foreign publications, on the subject of rockets and spaceflight. Once Adolf Hitler took power in 1933, the Nazis pressured Ley to cease publishing his articles in foreign journals and magazines due to rocketry's potential as a weapon in Germany's arsenal. Also, the VfR disbanded during the Nazis' first year in power amid concerns among the membership regarding the interest the German military was taking in their activities. These factors compelled Ley to leave Germany for Britain briefly and then to the U.S. in 1935. He became an American citizen in 1944.
Until World War II, Ley focused his writing career on topics unrelated to rocketry and space travel. He discovered little interest in these fields among the U.S. public. He was successful though, with a number of non-space publications such as Salamanders and Other Wonders and The Lungfish, the Dodo and the Unicorn. From 1940-44, Ley was science editor of the New York newspaper, PM and later lectured as a professor at Fairleigh Dickinson University in New Jersey. He was also a regular contributor to a myriad of magazines, encyclopedias and digests such as Popular Mechanics, Cowles Encyclopedia and Galaxy. However, once World War II began and especially after Germany launched V-2 missile attacks on Britain in 1944, Ley found himself in great demand as an expert in rocketry. Following the end of the war, his writings, lectures and newspaper, radio and television interviews helped to spur even greater public interest in rockets and their potential for space flight. Additionally, his books on this subject were widely read in the U.S. and around the world. First published in 1944, Ley's Rockets, Missiles, & Space Travel enjoyed a great deal of popularity and justified numerous printings of revised editions. Other highly successful titles that Ley produced during the 1950s and 1960s included The Conquest of Space, The Conquest of the Moon (written with Wernher von Braun and astronomer Fred Whipple) and Beyond the Solar System. Ley, along with von Braun, artist Chesley Bonestell and others, collaborated on a series of space-themed issues of Collier's (1952-54) that helped to foster popular support for future U.S. missions to earth orbit, the moon and the planets.
Aside from his busy career as a prolific author and populizer of rockets and space travel, Ley was also a husband and father of two children. His wife, Olga, was an accomplished ballet dancer, model and author in her own right. The couple had to two daughters, Sandra and Xenia. Ley had hoped to attend the Apollo 11 launch at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida but died of a heart attack at his home in Jackson Heights, New York, on June 24, 1969. His death came only four weeks before the launch of mankind's first landing on the moon's surface.
1906 October 2 -- Ley born in Berlin, Germany
1920 January 11 -- Smithsonian Institution publishes A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes, a pamphlet written by U.S. rocket scientist Dr. Robert H. Goddard
1923 -- Romanian rocket scientist Hermann Oberth publishes short book, Die Rakate zu den Planetenraumen (The Rocket into Planetary Space)
1926 -- Ley writes and publishes first book, Die Fahrt in den Weltraum(Travel in Outer Space)
1926 March 16 -- Goddard successfully launches first liquid-fueled rocket in Auburn, Massachusetts
1927 July 5 -- Ley helps found Germany's early rocketry and space travel club, Verein fur Raumschiffahrt or VfR (Society for Space Travel)
1929 -- Ley (along with Oberth) acts as a technical consultant for Fritz Lang film, Frau im Mond (Woman in the Moon)
1933 January 30 -- Adolf Hitler becomes chancellor of Germany
1935 -- Russian rocket scientist Konstantin Tsiolkovsky dies
1935 -- Ley leaves Germany for Britain and then to the U.S.
1939 September 1 -- Germany invades Poland – World War II begins
1940 -- Ley begins stint as science editor of New York newspaper, PM
1942 October 3 -- First successful launch of Nazi V-2 (A-4) rocket, Peenemunde, Germany
1944 -- Ley becomes a U.S. citizen
1944 -- Ley publishes first edition of book, Rockets (book would eventually see many revised editions and renamed Rockets, Missiles, & Space Travel)
1944 September 7-8 -- First V-2 rocket attacks on London and Paris
1945 May 8 -- Germany surrenders to Allies
1945 August 10 -- Goddard dies
1945 September 2 -- Japan surrenders to Allies
1945 September 29 -- Wernher von Braun and other captured German rocket scientists are taken to the U.S.
1945 October -- Arthur C. Clarke first proposes concept of communication satellites in Wireless World magazine
1946 April 16 -- First successful launch by the U.S. of a captured V-2
1950 -- Ley publishes book, The Conquest of Space
1952 -- Ley collaborates with von Braun, artist Chesley Bonestell and others on a series of space-themed issues of Collier's
1953 -- Ley collaborates with von Braun and Fred Whipple and publishes book, The Conquest of the Moon
1957 October 4 -- Russia's successful launch of first artificial satellite, Sputnik 1
1958 January 31 -- Successful launch of first U.S. artificial satellite, Explorer 1
1961 April 12 -- Russia's successful launch of first human into space, Yuri Gagarin aboard Vostok 1
1961 May 5 -- Successful launch of first U.S. astronaut into space, Alan Shepard aboard Mercury-Redstone 3 (Freedom 7)
1964 -- Ley collaborates with Bonestell and publishes book, Beyond the Solar System
1969 June 24 -- Ley dies at his home in Jackson Heights, New York
1969 July 16-24 -- Flight of Apollo 11 succeeds in landing U.S. astronauts on the moon
List of Acronyms:
AFB -- Air Force Base
ARCAS -- All-Purpose Rocket for the Collection of Atmospheric Soundings
AS -- Apollo-Saturn [spacecraft-launch vehicle stack]
ELDO -- European Launcher Development Organization
GALCIT -- Guggenheim Aeronautical Laboratory of the California Institute of Technology
81.71 Cubic feet (222 letter document boxes, 1 slim letter document box, 4 flatboxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Photographs
Reports
Publications
Date:
1959-1972
Summary:
This collection contains the non-book portion of Bellcomm's Technical Library. The material in the collection consists of technical reports prepared by NASA subcontractors and/or NASA facilities during the first decade of space exploration (1960-1970). The collections also includes some reports issued by the California Institute of Technology's Jet Propulsion Lab (JPL) at Pasadena, CA, including Space Program and Research Summaries, as well as technical and engineering documents.
Scope and Content Note:
This collection contains the non-book portion of Bellcomm's Technical Library. The material in the collection consists of technical reports prepared by NASA subcontractors and/or NASA facilities during the first decade of space exploration (1960-1970). The reports cover a variety of space exploration-related subjects, including a number of defunct programs and space medicine concerns, as well as the better-known exploration projects, such as Mercury, Gemini, Surveyor, and so forth. The library also includes some reports issued by the California Institute of Technology's Jet Propulsion Lab (JPL) at Pasadena, CA, including Space Program and Research Summaries, as well as technical and engineering documents.
Arrangement note:
Several attempts were made to organize the Bellcomm material before it was transferred from SS&E to the NASM Archives Division. The most thorough of these attempts left two sections of the collection independently organized by corporate author and a third unorganized section. As the proposed corporate-author organization would cause documents relating to a single program to be separated based upon which contractor submitted the report while juxtaposing completely unrelated materials, this arrangement has been discarded in favor of a subject (program or study) arrangement.
Following a series of Bibliographies and General Reports, the materials are organized into five series based upon NASA's functional organization during much of the 1960s: Launch Vehicle Programs, Manned Space Flight Programs, Space Science and Applications (Planetary Reconnaissance and Earth-Orbiting Satellites), Tracking and Data Acquisition, and Advanced Research and Technology. Materials relating to military programs follow in a separate series.
Under each series, materials are arranged by study and/or project. Materials relating to specific missions follow general material relating to the project under which the mission was launched. As no reference has surfaced to date positively linking a specific study to a specific project or program, series assignments have been made based upon the study name. The series assignments in this finding aid should not be taken to represent the actual NASA program or project under which the report was originally funded.
Series I. Bibliographies and General Reports
Series II. Launch Vehicle Programs
Series III. Manned Space Flight Programs
Series IV. Space Science and Applications
Series V. Tracking and Data Acquisition
Series VI. Advanced Research and Technology
Series VII. Military Programs and Studies
Historical note:
Bellcomm, Inc was a subsidiary of American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T) established in 1963 for the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Bellcomm was originally organized to provide NASA's Office of Manned Space Flight with technical and management advice for the Manned Space Flight Program. As the NASA-Bellcomm relationship evolved, the latter became directly responsible for systems engineering and analysis and assisted in the overall spacecraft integration for the Apollo program. Bellcomm's Technical Library provided company personnel with immediate access to technical reports and studies dealing with a wide variety of topics affecting the American space program. When the Apollo Program ended in 1972 the company also ceased operation and the library was transferred to the National Air and Space Museum (NASM).
Corporate Abbreviations:
ACM -- Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Co
ACM/RD -- ACM, Research Division
Aerospace -- The Aerospace Corp
Aerospace/ETRO -- Aerospace Corp, Eastern Test Range Office
Aerospace/GLSD -- Aerospace, Gemini Launch Systems Directorate (El Segundo Technical Operations)
Aerospace/SEO -- Aerospace, Systems Engineering Operations
Aerospace/SSO -- Aerospace, Special Studies Office (System Planning Division, El Segundo Technical Operations)
AFAEDC -- United States Air Force, Arnold Engineering Development Center
AFCRL -- United States Air Force, Cambridge Research Laboratories
AFETR -- United States Air Force, Eastern Test Range (Canaveral AFS, FL)
AFMTC -- United States Air Force, Missile Test Center (Patrick AFB, FL)
AFSC -- United States Air Force, Air Force Systems Command
AFSC/ARML -- AFSC, 6570th Aerospace Medical Research Laboratory (Aerospace Medical Division)
AFSC/ESD -- AFSC, Electronic Systems Division
AFSC/FDL -- AFSC, Flight Dynamics Laboratory (Aeronautical Systems Division)
AFSC/SAM -- AFSC, School of Aerospace Medicine (Aerospace Medical Division)
AGC -- Aerojet-General Corp
AGC/LRO -- AGC, Liquid Rocket Operations
AGC/SGC -- AGC, Space-General Corp
Allison/ED -- Allison, Engineering Department
ARMC -- AiResearch Manufacturing Co.
Avco -- Avco Corp
Avco/ERL -- Avco, Everett Research Laboratories
Avco/RAD -- Avco, Research and Advanced Development Division
BBRC -- Ball Brothers Research Corp
Bell -- Bell Aerospace Corp (Textron)
Bell/BAC -- Bell, Bell Aerosystems Co
Bell Labs -- Bell Telephone Laboratories
Bendix/ASD -- Bendix Corp, Aerospace Systems Division
UAC/HS -- United Aircraft Corp, Hamilton Standard Division
UC -- Union Carbide Corp
UC/ADD -- UC, Advanced Developments Division
USACE/AMS -- United States Army Corps of Engineers, Army Map Service
USAEWES -- United States Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station
USATEC/YPG -- United States Army Test and Evaluation Command, Yuma Proving Ground
USDC/CFSTI -- United States Department of Commerce, Clearinghouse for Federal Scientific and Technical Information (Institute for Applied Technology, National Bureau of Standards)
USDoD -- United States Department of Defence
USN/BuWeps -- United States Navy, Bureau of Naval Weapons
USN/OO -- United States Navy, Oceanography Office
Westinghouse/DSC -- Westinghouse, Defense and Space Center
Westinghouse/DSC/SOD -- Westinghouse/DSC, Systems Operation Division
Project Mercury Launches:
MissionLaunch DateLaunch vehiclePayloadRemarksLJ-121 Aug 1959Little JoeMercury boiler plateunsuccessful beach test of LESBig Joe 19 Sep 1959Big JoeMercury boiler plateLJ-64 Oct 1959Little JoeMercury boiler plateLJ-1A4 Nov 1959Little JoeMercury boiler platerepeat of LJ-1LJ-24 Dec 1959Little JoeMercury boiler platehigh-altitude LES testLJ-1B21 Jan 1960Little JoeMercury boiler platebeach abort w/rhesus (Miss Sam)MA-129 Jul 1960AtlasMercury s/c 4launch vehicle failureLJ-58 Nov 1960Little JoeMercury s/c 3unsuccessful test of LESMR-121 Nov 1960RedstoneMercury s/c 2premature booster cut-offMR-1A19 Dec 1960RedstoneMercury s/c 2suborbital reentry testMR-23 Jan 1961RedstoneMercury s/c 5suborbital w/chimp (Ham)MA-221 Feb 1961AtlasMercury s/c 6suborbital testLJ-5A18 Mar 1961Little JoeMercury s/c 14unsuccessful test of LESMR-BD24 Mar 1961RedstoneLV qualified for manned flightMA-325 Apr 1961AtlasMercury s/c 8launch vehicle failureLJ-5B28 Apr 1961Little JoeMercury s/c 14successful LES testMR-35 May 1961Redstone 7Mercury s/c 7suborbital; Shepard, "Freedom 7"MR-421 Jul 1961Redstone 8Mercury s/c 11suborbital; Grissom, "Liberty Bell 7"MA-413 Sep 1961AtlasMercury s/c 8orbital test of tracking networkMA-52 Nov 1961AtlasMercury s/c 92 orbits w/chimp (Enos)MA-620 Feb 1962Atlas 109-DMercury s/c 133 orbits; Glenn, "Friendship 7"MA-724 May 1962Atlas 107-DMercury s/c 183 orbits; Carpenter, "Aurora 7"MA-83 Oct 1962Atlas 113-DMercury s/c 166 orbits; Schirra, "Sigma 7"MA-915 May 1963Atlas 130-DMercury s/c 2022 orbits; Cooper, "Faith 7"
MissionLaunch DateLaunch vehiclePayloadRemarksMR-35 May 1961Redstone 7Mercury s/c 7suborbital; Shepard, "Freedom 7"MR-421 Jul 1961Redstone 8Mercury s/c 11suborbital; Grissom, "Liberty Bell 7"MA-620 Feb 1962Atlas 109-DMercury s/c 133 orbits; Glenn, "Friendship 7"MA-724 May 1962Atlas 107-DMercury s/c 183 orbits; Carpenter, "Aurora 7"MA-83 Oct 1962Atlas 113-DMercury s/c 166 orbits; Schirra, "Sigma 7"MA-915 May 1963Atlas 130-DMercury s/c 2022 orbits; Cooper, "Faith 7"
MissionLaunch DateLaunch vehiclePayloadRemarksBig Joe 19 Sep 1959Big JoeMercury boiler plate
MissionLaunch DateLaunch vehiclePayloadRemarksLJ-121 Aug 1959Little JoeMercury boiler plateunsuccessful beach test of LESLJ-1A4 Nov 1959Little JoeMercury boiler platerepeat of LJ-1LJ-1B21 Jan 1960Little JoeMercury boiler platebeach abort w/rhesus (Miss Sam)LJ-24 Dec 1959Little JoeMercury boiler platehigh-altitude LES testLJ-58 Nov 1960Little JoeMercury s/c 3unsuccessful test of LESLJ-5A18 Mar 1961Little JoeMercury s/c 14unsuccessful test of LESLJ-5B28 Apr 1961Little JoeMercury s/c 14successful LES testLJ-64 Oct 1959Little JoeMercury boiler plate
MissionLaunch DateLaunch vehiclePayloadRemarksMA-129 Jul 1960AtlasMercury s/c 4launch vehicle failureMA-221 Feb 1961AtlasMercury s/c 6suborbital testMA-325 Apr 1961AtlasMercury s/c 8launch vehicle failureMA-413 Sep 1961AtlasMercury s/c 8orbit test of tracking networkMA-52 Nov 1961AtlasMercury s/c 92 orbits w/chimp (Enos)MA-620 Feb 1962Atlas 109-DMercury s/c 133 orbits; Glenn, "Friendship 7"MA-724 May 1962Atlas 107-DMercury s/c 183 orbits; Carpenter, "Aurora 7"MA-83 Oct 1962Atlas 113-DMercury s/c 166 orbits; Schirra, "Sigma 7"
MissionLaunch DateLaunch vehiclePayloadRemarksMR-121 Nov 1960RedstoneMercury s/c 2premature booster cut-offMR-1A19 Dec 1960RedstoneMercury s/c 2suborbital reentry testMR-23 Jan 1961RedstoneMercury s/c 5suborbital w/chimp (Ham)MR-BD24 Mar 1961RedstoneLV qualified for manned flightMR-35 May 1961Redstone 7Mercury s/c 7suborbital; Shepard, "Freedom 7"MR-421 Jul 1961Redstone 8Mercury s/c 11suborbital; Grissom, "Liberty Bell 7"
PayloadMissionLaunch DateLaunch vehicleRemarksMercury s/c 19 May 1960beach abort testMercury s/c 2MR-121 Nov 1960Redstonepremature booster cut-offMR-1A19 Dec 1960Redstonesuborbital reentry testMercury s/c 3LJ-58 Nov 1960Little Joeunsuccessful test of LESMercury s/c 4MA-129 Jul 1960Atlaslaunch vehicle failureMercury s/c 5MR-23 Jan 1961Redstonesuborbital w/chimp (Ham)Merucry s/c 6MA-221 Feb 1961Atlassuborbital testMercury s/c 7MR-35 May 1961Redstone 7suborbital; Shepard, "Freedom 7"Mercury s/c 8MA-325 Apr 1961Atlaslaunch vehicle failureMA-413 Sep 1961Atlasorbital test of tracking networkMercury s/c 9MA-52 Nov 1961Atlas2 orbits w/chimp (Enos)Merucry s/c 10environmental test, St.LouisMercury s/c 11MR-421 Jul 1961Redstone 8suborbital; Grissom, "Liberty Bell 7"Mercury s/c 12mission cancelled; not deliveredMercury s/c 13MA-620 Feb 1962Atlas 109-D3 orbits; Glenn, "Friendship 7"Mercury s/c 14LJ-5A18 Mar 1961Little Joeunsuccessful test of LESLJ-5B28 Apr 1961Little Joesuccessful LES testMercury s/c 15mission cancelled; not deliveredMercury s/c 16MA-83 Oct 1962Atlas 113-D6 orbits; Schirra, "Sigma 7"Mercury s/c 17parts supportMercury s/c 18MA-724 May 1962Atlas 107-D3 orbits; Carpenter, "Aurora 7"Mercury s/c 19mission cancelled; not deliveredMercury s/c 20MA-915 May 1963Atlas 130-D22 orbits; Cooper, "Faith 7"
Project Gemini Launches:
MissionLaunch DateLaunch vehiclePayloadRemarksGT-18 Apr 1964GLV-1Gemini s/c 1unmanned orbital test of GLV & s/cGT-219 Jan 1965GLV-2Gemini s/c 2unmanned suborbital reentry testGT-323 Mar 1965GLV-3Gemini 3Grissom & Young, "Molly Brown"GT-43 Jun 1965GLV-4Gemini 4McDivitt & White; first EVAGT-521 Aug 1965GLV-5Gemini 5Cooper & ConradGT-6A15 Dec 1965GLV-6Gemini 6Schirra & StaffordGT-74 Dec 1965GLV-7Gemini 7Borman & LovellGT-816 Mar 1966GLV-8Gemini 8Armstrong & Scott16 Mar 1966TLV-5302GATV-5003Agena target vehicle for GT-8GT-9A3 Jun 1966GLV-9Gemini 9Stafford & Cernan1 Jun 1966TLV-5304ATDAdocking target for GT-9AGT-1018 Jul 1966GLV-10Gemini 10Young & Collins18 Jul 1966TLV-5305GATV-5005Agena target vehicle for GT-10GT-1112 Sep 1966GLV-11Gemini 11Conrad & Gordon12 Sep 1966TLV-5306GATV-5005Agena target vehicle for GT-11GT-1211 Nov 1966GLV-12Gemini 12Lovell & Aldrin11 Nov 1966TLV-5307GATV-5001Agena target vehicle for GT-12
Saturn/Apollo Program Launches:
MissionLaunch DateLaunch vehiclePayloadRemarksSA-127 Oct 1961Saturn Idummy second stageSA-225 Apr 1962Saturn Idummy second stageProject HighwaterSA-316 Nov 1962Saturn Idummy second stageProject HighwaterSA-428 Mar 1963Saturn Idummy second stageSA-529 Jan 1964Saturn ISA-628 May 1964Saturn IBP-3SA-718 Sep 1964Saturn IBP-15Saturn I declared operationalSA-825 May 1965Saturn IBP- ; Pegasus 2SA-916 Feb 1965Saturn IBP- ; Pegasus 1SA-1030 Jul 1965Saturn IBP- ; Pegasus 3last Saturn I launch
MissionLaunch DateLaunch vehiclePayloadRemarksA-00113 May 1964Little Joe IIBP-12suborbital LES testA-0028 Dec 1964Little Joe IIBP-23LES testA-00319 May 1965Little Joe IIBP-22LES testA-00420 Jan 1966Little Joe IICSM-002LES testA-101see SA-6 (Saturn development launch)A-102see SA-7 (Saturn development launch)AS-20126 Feb 1966SA-201 (Sat IB)CSM-009suborbital test of Apollo heat shieldAS-20225 Aug 1966SA-202 (Sat IB)CSM-011test of Apollo heat shieldAS-2035 Jul 1966SA-203 (Sat IB)no spacecraftAS-204not launchedSA-204 (Sat IB)CSM-012Apollo 1; CM des by fire 27 Jan 1967AS-20422 Jan 1968SA-204 (Sat IB)aero fairing; LM-1Apollo 5; unmanned launch with LMAS-20511 Oct 1968SA-205 (Sat IB)CSM-101Apollo 7; first manned Apollo launchAS-5019 Nov 1967SA-501 (Sat V)CSM-017, LTA-10RApollo 4AS-5024 Apr 1968SA-502 (Sat V)CM-020, SM-014, LTA-2RApollo 6AS-50321 Dec 1968SA-503 (Sat V)CSM-103Apollo 8; first lunar orbital flightAS-5043 Mar 1969SA-504 (Sat V)CSM-104, LM-3Apollo 9AS-50518 May 1969SA-505 (Sat V)CSM-106, LM-4Apollo 10AS-50616 Jul 1969SA-506 (Sat V)CSM-107, LM-5Apollo 11; first lunar landingAS-50714 Nov 1969SA-507 (Sat V)CSM-108, LM-6Apollo 12AS-50811 Apr 1970-04SA-508 (Sat V)CSM-109, LM-7Apollo 13AS-50931 Jan 1971SA-509 (Sat V)CSM-110, LM-8Apollo 14AS-51026 Jul 1971SA-510 (Sat V)CSM-112, LM-10, LRV-1Apollo 15AS-51116 Apr 1972SA-511 (Sat V)CSM-113, LM-11, LRV-2Apollo 16AS-5127 Dec 1972SA-512 (Sat V)CSM-114, LM-12, LRV-3Apollo 17; last lunar landing mission
MissionLaunch VehicleCommand ModuleLunar ModuleLaunch DateRemarksApollo 1SA-204CSM-204not launchedAS-204Sat IBCM destroyed by fire 27 Jan 1967Apollo 4SA-501CSM-0179 Nov 1967AS-501Sat VApollo 5SA-204aerodynamic fairingLM-122 Jan 1968AS-204Sat IBunmanned launchApollo 6SA-502CSM-0204 Apr 1968AS-502Sat Vunmanned launchApollo 7SA-205CSM-10111 Oct 1968AS-205Sat IBfirst manned Apollo launchApollo 8SA-503CSM-10321 Dec 1968AS-503Sat Vfirst manned lunar orbital flightApollo 9SA-504CSM-104LM-3 "Spider"3 Mar 1969AS-504Sat V"Gumdrop"Apollo 10SA-505CSM-106LM-4 "Snoopy"18 May 1969AS-505Sat V"Charlie Brown"Apollo 11SA-506CSM-107LM-5 "Eagle"16 Jul 1969AS-506Sat V"Columbia"first manned lunar landingApollo 12SA-507CSM-108LM-6 "Intrepid"14 nov 1969AS-507Sat V"Yankee Clipper"Apollo 13SA-508CSM-109LM-7 "Aquarius"11 Apr 1970AS-508Sat V"Odyssey"landing cancelled due to in-flight explosionApollo 14SA-509CSM-110LM-8 "Antares"31 Jan 1971AS-509Sat V"Kitty Hawk"Apollo 15SA-510CSM-112LM-10 "Falcon"26 Jul 1971AS-510Sat V"Endeavour"LRV-1Apollo 16SA-511CSM-113LM-11 "Orion"16 Apr 1972AS-511Sat V"Casper"LRV-2Apollo 17SA-512CSM-114LM-12 "Challenger"7 dec 1972AS-512Sat V"America:LRV-3last lunar landing mission
Provenance:
Bellcomm, Inc, transfer, XXXX-0093, unknown
Restrictions:
No restrictions on access
Rights:
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permission Requests.
This collection consists of speeches, papers, notes, newspaper articles and records on Elms' career, including the following areas: Transportation System Center; Electronics Research Center; Manned Space Station; Space Shuttle; Space Systems Committee; Gemini Mission Review Board; and Hearings on space topics.
Scope and Content Note:
In 1989, Mr. Elms donated this material to the National Air and Space Museum's Department of Space
History in conjunction with his interview for the Glennen-Webb-Seamans oral history project. The
collection was transferred to the National Air and Space Museum (NASM) Archives in 1993. The Elms
Collection consists of speeches, papers, notes, newspaper articles and congressional hearings. Some of the
subjects covered in the collection are: Transportation Systems Center, Electronics Research Center, Space
Station Program, Space Shuttle, Space Systems Committee, and Gemini Mission Review Board.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into two series and within each series chronologically. In the first series, the
researcher will find correspondence, congressional hearings and speeches. Series II contains miscellaneous
newspaper clippings and oversize materials. The original folder titles were inconsistent, sometimes
containing only acronyms and/or abbreviations. For the sake of clarity, acronyms and abbreviations have
been spelled out, and the project archivist has preceded each of the original folder titles with a subject
heading, project designation and/or agency title.
Biographical Note:
James Elms (1916-1993) began his aerospace career at Consolidated Vultee in 1940 as a junior stress
analyst. During WWII, he served with the US Army Air Forces at Wright Field (later Wright-Patterson
AFB) where he developed a cartridge positioner which prevented turret guns from jamming. After the war
he received his Bachelor of Science in Physics from the California Institute of Technology and his Master
of Arts Degree from the University of California. He worked for North American Aviation as manager of
the Armament Systems Department, Autonetics Division. There, he was responsible for research,
development, and design of fire control, radar and allied systems. Upon leaving North American, he
became the manager of the Avionics Department for the Denver Division of the Martin Company, where he
was responsible for design and development of guidance, flight control, and other electronic and electrical
systems for the Titan Missile. In September of 1960 Mr. Elms joined the Ford Motor Company,
Aeroneutronics Division, after a brief stint at the Crosley Division of AVCO. While at Ford, Elms was
recruited to join the senior staff of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration's (NASA) Manned
Spacecraft Center in Houston, Texas, eventually becoming Deputy Director. During the 1960s, Elms held
a variety of other administrative positions at NASA, including Deputy Associate Administrator for Manned
Space Flight, NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC. After his service there, Elms became the Director of
NASA's Electronics Research Center (ERC). The ERC was slated to be closed at the end of 1970. Elms
was able to rally support for the ERC and get the majority of his directorate transferred to the US
Department of Transportation as the Transportation Systems Center. This initiative saved many jobs and
allowed important government research to continue. Upon leaving official government service, Mr. Elms
continued to work as a consultant for government and private industry. James C. Elms passed away on
May 7, 1993.
Computers, Information and Society, Division of (NMAH, SI). Search this
Container:
Box 24 (Series 9), Folder 14
Type:
Archival materials
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Copyright held by donor and/or heirs. Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Reproduction permission from Archives Center: fees for commercial use.] .
Collection Citation:
The Computer World Smithsonian Awards, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
Computers, Information and Society, Division of (NMAH, SI). Search this
Container:
Box 13 (Series 10), Folder 1
Type:
Archival materials
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Collection Rights:
Copyright held by donor and/or heirs. Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Reproduction permission from Archives Center: fees for commercial use.] .
Collection Citation:
The Computer World Smithsonian Awards, Archives Center, National Museum of American History
