Sarre, Friedrich Paul Theodor, 1865-1945 Search this
Extent:
150 Linear feet (circa 30,000 items)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Blueprints
Journals (accounts)
Photographs
Clippings
Notebooks
Drawings
Sketchbooks
Articles
Paper squeezes
Correspondence
Diaries
Sketches
Rubbings
Place:
Turkey
Mesopotamia
Bakun, Tall-e (Iran)
Iran
Iraq
Lebanon
Persepolis (Iran)
Pasargadae (Extinct city)
Taq-e Bostan Site (Iran)
Sāmarrāʼ (Iraq)
Syria
Date:
1903-1947
Summary:
An outstanding scholar in the field of Iranian studies, Ernst Herzfeld (1879--1948) explored all phases of Near Eastern culture from the prehistoric period to Islamic times. This collection documents Herzfeld's excavations at Samarra, Persepolis, Pasargadae, and Aleppo and includes correspondence; field notebooks; drawings; sketchbooks; inventories of objects; "squeeze" copies of architectural details; and photographs.
Scope and Contents:
Papers (1899--1962) of German born archaeologist Ernst Emil Herzfeld (1879--1948), a preeminent scholar of Near Eastern and Iranian studies. The collection measures 150 linear feet (circa 30,000 items) and documents Herzfeld's work as a pioneer in the field and sheds light on his excavations at Samarra, Persepolis, Pasargadae, and Aleppo. Formats include correspondence; field notebooks; drawings; sketchbooks; inventories of objects; "squeeze" copies of architectural details; and photographs.
Arrangement:
This collection is organized into seven series.
Series 1: Travel journals
Series 2: Sketchbooks
Series 3: Notebooks
Series 4: Photographic files 1-42
Series 5: Drawings and maps
Series 6: Squeezes
Series 7: Samarra Expedition
Biographical / Historical:
The Ernst Herzfeld Papers document the career of Ernst Herzfeld (1879--1948), a German architect, archaeologist, and historian of Islamic and Pre-Islamic studies. After training as an architect he studied archaeology under Delitzch from 1903 to 1906 at the excavations at Assur in Mesopotamia. A student of Latin, Greek, Arabic, Persian, Turkish, and Hebrew, Herzfeld received a doctorate in Humanistic Studies at universities in Munich and Berlin in 1907. His work with Friedrich Sarre to survey the monuments of the Tigris-Euphrates valleys resulted in landmark studies in architectural history, published in 1911 and 1920.
In 1920 Herzfeld was appointed to the chair of Historical Geography in Berlin and began his excavation at Samarra. Herzfeld's work there led to a six-volume publication. He published widely throughout his life on the sources of Islamic architecture and ornament, including the Royal Palace at Persepolis.
From 1934 until the end of his life Herzfeld spent his time producing many books and articles, lecturing, and working at the Institute for Advanced Study at Princeton (1936--1945.) Many of his works continue to be published post-humously.
1879 July 23 -- Born in Celle, Germany.
1897 -- Received diploma from Joachimsthaler Gymnasium, Berlin.
1897-circa 1898 -- Fulfilled military service.
circa 1899 -- Studied architecture at the Technical University and Assyriology, art history, and philosophy at the Friedrich-Wilhems Universität in Berlin.
1903 -- Passed exam in structural engineering.
1903-1905 -- Assistant to Walter Andrae (1875-1956) in Assur.
1905-1906 -- Traveled throughout Iran and Iraq.
1907 -- Excavation in Cilicia. Passed oral exam in February. Awarded doctorate in Humanistic Studies by Friedrich-Wilhems Universtät zu Berlin. After receiving Ph.D. traveled extensively in Syria and Iraq with Friedrich Sarre, director of the Islamic Museum in Berlin.
1911-1913 -- Field Director under direction of Sarre during expedition to Samarra.
circa 1914 -- Drafted into service in France and Poland during World War I. Sent to Iraq where he functioned as a surveyor.
1916 -- Father died.
1917 -- Appointed associate professor for Historical Geography and Art History of the Ancient Orient at Berlin. Along with Friedrich Sarre and others, founded the German-Persian Society to increase cultural and economic exchange between Germany and Persia.
1920 -- Appointed world's first full professor of Near Eastern Archeology. Begins excavation at Samarra.
1922 -- Mother died.
1923-1934 -- In Persia, where he completed many excavations and studies.
1928 -- Excavation at Pasargadae.
1931-1934 -- Appointed director of the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago and moved to Persepolis.
1934 -- As grandson of Jews, Nazi legislation expelling state employees of Jewish descent forced Herzfeld to retire as a professor employed by the state. Moved to London.
1936 -- Delivered Lowell Lectures. Moved to Boston. Lectured on Iranian history and appointed a member of the Princeton Institute for Advanced Study.
1944 -- Retired from Princeton University.
1948 January 20 -- Died.
Provenance:
Ernst Herzfeld donated his papers to the Freer Gallery of Art in 1946.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
"The Citadel of the Mountain (Qal'at al-Jabal) in Cairo is a monument with a long history. It was funded by Salah al-din al Ayyubi in 1176 on a spur that was artificially cut out of the Muqattam Hills east of Cairo. Salah al-din's nephew, al-Kamil Muhammad completed its construction and transferred the court to it in 1206. after te Ayyubid period, the Citadel became the royal center of the Mamluk sultanate which ruled the Eastern Mediterranean from 1250 to 1517. During that period, the Citadel was endowed with an impressive number of palaces and other structures, divided, neglected, and also refurbished. In the Ottoman period, little construction took place until Muhammad Ali established himself as the semi-independent ruler of Egypt in the early nineteenth century. He renovated it entirely, altered its interior division, and constructed a few monumental buildings in it. As it stands today, the Citadel is divided into two enclosures: the northern one was a military and administrative center until recently, and the southern held the awesome mosque of Muhammad Ali and a number of palatial structures buit by him as well, in addition to the mosque of al-Nasir Muhammad, and a few scattered remains from earlier periods." [Nasser O. Rabbat., 1991: The citadel of Cairo, 1176-1341: Reconstructing Architecture from Texts. Massachusets Institute of Technology]. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for Life magazine and traveled to Africa from August 18, 1959 to December 20, 1959.
Local Numbers:
T 6 EGY 898 EE 59
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
57938 1 82
Frame value is 19.
Slide No. T 6 EGY 898 EE 59
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
Topic:
Mod. architecture/cityscape -- Photographs Search this
"The Citadel of the Mountain (Qal'at al-Jabal) in Cairo is a monument with a long history. It was funded by Salah al-din al Ayyubi in 1176 on a spur that was artificially cut out of the Muqattam Hills east of Cairo. Salah al-din's nephew, al-Kamil Muhammad completed its construction and transferred the court to it in 1206. after te Ayyubid period, the Citadel became the royal center of the Mamluk sultanate which ruled the Eastern Mediterranean from 1250 to 1517. During that period, the Citadel was endowed with an impressive number of palaces and other structures, divided, neglected, and also refurbished. In the Ottoman period, little construction took place until Muhammad Ali established himself as the semi-independent ruler of Egypt in the early nineteenth century. He renovated it entirely, altered its interior division, and constructed a few monumental buildings in it. As it stands today, the Citadel is divided into two enclosures: the northern one was a military and administrative center until recently, and the southern held the awesome mosque of Muhammad Ali and a number of palatial structures buit by him as well, in addition to the mosque of al-Nasir Muhammad, and a few scattered remains from earlier periods." [Nasser O. Rabbat., 1991: The citadel of Cairo, 1176-1341: Reconstructing Architecture from Texts. Massachusets Institute of Technology]. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for Life magazine and traveled to Africa from August 18, 1959 to December 20, 1959.
Local Numbers:
Negative number 1959 C-10, 13.
General:
Title source: Index card based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
Typed index card reads, "T 6 Egy. Egypt. Cairo. The Citadel. 1959. EE. neg.no. 1959 C-10, 13." The card was written in 1977-79 by Archives staff using source provided by photographer.
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
"The Citadel of the Mountain (Qal'at al-Jabal) in Cairo is a monument with a long history. It was funded by Salah al-din al Ayyubi in 1176 on a spur that was artificially cut out of the Muqattam Hills east of Cairo. Salah al-din's nephew, al-Kamil Muhammad completed its construction and transferred the court to it in 1206. after te Ayyubid period, the Citadel became the royal center of the Mamluk sultanate which ruled the Eastern Mediterranean from 1250 to 1517. During that period, the Citadel was endowed with an impressive number of palaces and other structures, divided, neglected, and also refurbished. In the Ottoman period, little construction took place until Muhammad Ali established himself as the semi-independent ruler of Egypt in the early nineteenth century. He renovated it entirely, altered its interior division, and constructed a few monumental buildings in it. As it stands today, the Citadel is divided into two enclosures: the northern one was a military and administrative center until recently, and the southern held the awesome mosque of Muhammad Ali and a number of palatial structures buit by him as well, in addition to the mosque of al-Nasir Muhammad, and a few scattered remains from earlier periods." [Nasser O. Rabbat., 1991: The citadel of Cairo, 1176-1341: Reconstructing Architecture from Texts. Massachusets Institute of Technology]. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for Life magazine and traveled to Africa from August 18, 1959 to December 20, 1959.
Local Numbers:
Negative number 1959 C-10, 11.
General:
Title source: Index card based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
Typed index card reads, "T 6 Egy. Egypt. Cairo. View of Cairo and its Mosques. 1959. EE. neg.no. 1959 C-10, 11." The card was written in 1977-79 by Archives staff using source provided by photographer.
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
"The minaret and the dome are the two great features of Cairo. The minaret came with the Fātimids to Egypt; it developed from the square tower of the Syrian churches. This tower was later much elaborated and rose up in diminishing galleries, culminating in a little dome. The top became very complicated and was called a mabkharah, from its likeness to a censer. The domes are one of the outstanding architectural features of the city. We have, first, the small domes of the Fātimids; these and the early Ayyubid domes were simple pepper-pot structures. Elaborate developments followed, with beautiful stucco decoration both inside and out. Last came the astonishing great stone domes of the Tombs of the Khalifs." [Russell D., 1963: Medieval Cairo and the Monasteries of the Wādi Natrūn. Weidenfeld and Nicolson]. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for Life magazine and traveled to Africa from August 18, 1959 to December 20, 1959.
Local Numbers:
Negative number 1959 C-10, 9.
General:
Title source: Index card based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
Typed index card reads, "T 6 Egy. Egypt. Cairo. View of Cairo and its Mosques. 1959. EE. neg.no. 1959 C-10, 9." The card was written in 1977-79 by Archives staff using source provided by photographer.
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
"The minaret and the dome are the two great features of Cairo. The minaret came with the Fātimids to Egypt; it developed from the square tower of the Syrian churches. This tower was later much elaborated and rose up in diminishing galleries, culminating in a little dome. The top became very complicated and was called a mabkharah, from its likeness to a censer. The domes are one of the outstanding architectural features of the city. We have, first, the small domes of the Fātimids; these and the early Ayyubid domes were simple pepper-pot structures. Elaborate developments followed, with beautiful stucco decoration both inside and out. Last came the astonishing great stone domes of the Tombs of the Khalifs." [Russell D., 1963: Medieval Cairo and the Monasteries of the Wādi Natrūn. Weidenfeld and Nicolson]. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for Life magazine and traveled to Africa from August 18, 1959 to December 20, 1959.
Local Numbers:
Negative number 1959 C-3, 34.
General:
Title source: Index card based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
Typed index card reads, "T 6 Egy. Egypt. Cairo. Mosques in early morning mist. 1959. EE. neg.no. 1959 C-3, 34." The card was written in 1977-79 by Archives staff using source provided by photographer.
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
"The Citadel of the Mountain (Qal'at al-Jabal) in Cairo is a monument with a long history. It was funded by Salah al-din al Ayyubi in 1176 on a spur that was artificially cut out of the Muqattam Hills east of Cairo. Salah al-din's nephew, al-Kamil Muhammad completed its construction and transferred the court to it in 1206. after te Ayyubid period, the Citadel became the royal center of the Mamluk sultanate which ruled the Eastern Mediterranean from 1250 to 1517. During that period, the Citadel was endowed with an impressive number of palaces and other structures, divided, neglected, and also refurbished. In the Ottoman period, little construction took place until Muhammad Ali established himself as the semi-independent ruler of Egypt in the early nineteenth century. He renovated it entirely, altered its interior division, and constructed a few monumental buildings in it. As it stands today, the Citadel is divided into two enclosures: the northern one was a military and administrative center until recently, and the southern held the awesome mosque of Muhammad Ali and a number of palatial structures buit by him as well, in addition to the mosque of al-Nasir Muhammad, and a few scattered remains from earlier periods." [Nasser O. Rabbat., 1991: The citadel of Cairo, 1176-1341: Reconstructing Architecture from Texts. Massachusets Institute of Technology]. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for Life magazine and traveled to Africa from August 18, 1959 to December 20, 1959.
Local Numbers:
T 6 EGY 862.1 EE 59
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
57938 1 76
Frame value is 12.
Slide No. T 6 EGY 862.1 EE 59
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
"The Citadel of the Mountain (Qal'at al-Jabal) in Cairo is a monument with a long history. It was funded by Salah al-din al Ayyubi in 1176 on a spur that was artificially cut out of the Muqattam Hills east of Cairo. Salah al-din's nephew, al-Kamil Muhammad completed its construction and transferred the court to it in 1206. after te Ayyubid period, the Citadel became the royal center of the Mamluk sultanate which ruled the Eastern Mediterranean from 1250 to 1517. During that period, the Citadel was endowed with an impressive number of palaces and other structures, divided, neglected, and also refurbished. In the Ottoman period, little construction took place until Muhammad Ali established himself as the semi-independent ruler of Egypt in the early nineteenth century. He renovated it entirely, altered its interior division, and constructed a few monumental buildings in it. As it stands today, the Citadel is divided into two enclosures: the northern one was a military and administrative center until recently, and the southern held the awesome mosque of Muhammad Ali and a number of palatial structures buit by him as well, in addition to the mosque of al-Nasir Muhammad, and a few scattered remains from earlier periods." [Nasser O. Rabbat., 1991: The citadel of Cairo, 1176-1341: Reconstructing Architecture from Texts. Massachusets Institute of Technology]. This photograph was taken when Eliot Elisofon was on assignment for Life magazine and traveled to Africa from August 18, 1959 to December 20, 1959.
Local Numbers:
T 6 EGY 862.2 EE 59
General:
Title is provided by EEPA staff based on photographer's notes.
Local Note:
57938 1 76
Frame value is 10.
Slide No. T 6 EGY 862.2 EE 59
Collection Restrictions:
Use of original records requires an appointment. Contact Archives staff for more details.
Collection Rights:
Permission to reproduce images from the Eliot Elisofon Photographic Archives must be obtained in advance. The collection is subject to all copyright laws.
3609 Cyanotypes (photographic prints) (b&w, 16 cm. x 21.7 cm)
343 Copy prints (b&w)
3,890 Glass plate negatives (b&w, 13 cm. x 18 cm)
42 Lantern slides (color, 10 cm. x 15 cm)
8,541 Photographic prints (b&w, various dimensions)
Type:
Archival materials
Cyanotypes (photographic prints)
Copy prints
Glass plate negatives
Lantern slides
Photographic prints
Glass negatives
Place:
Asia
Iran
Iraq
Jordan
Lebanon
Syria
Turkey
Mesopotamia
Aleppo (Syria)
Bakun, Tall-e (Iran)
Baʻlabakk (Lebanon)
Bīshāpūr (Extinct city)
Bisutun Site (Iran)
Damascus (Syria)
Fīrūzābād (Iran)
Ḥimṣ (Syria)
Iṣfahān (Iran)
Luristān (Iran)
Nahāvand (Iran)
Naqsh-i Rustam (Iran)
Paikuli (Iraq)
Palmyra (Syria)
Pasargadae (Extinct city)
Persepolis (Iran)
Petra (Extinct city)
Sāmarrāʼ (Iraq)
Sīstān va Balūchistān (Iran)
Taq-e Bostan Site (Iran)
Tripoli (Lebanon)
Date:
1903-1947
1899-1947
Scope and Contents:
The prints are from three sources: (1) those from glass negatives; (2) those from cut film; and (3) those for which there are no negatives.
The Archive contains Herzfeld's glass negatives, numbered from 1 to 3850. Of most of these he had blueprints made which he had arranged in 16 binders by general categories--i.e. Prehistoric pottery, bronzes, stone; Persepolis; Sasanian monuments; Syrian monuments, Persian architecture and landscapes, etc.--irrespective of the number on the negative. These formed the nucleus for the preparation of the Photo Files. The 16 binders of blueprints have been replaced by Photo Files, Nos. 1--6. The prints in each File are arranged in the same order as the blueprints; and the number of the negative is enclosed in parentheses. Following a brief identification, is a reference to the place where the print has been published, if that is the case and such publication has been located.
In addition to the blueprint binders there were three Albums - Photo Files 25 (Sasanian buildings), 27 (Parthian and Sasanian sculptures) and 28 (Pre-Achaemenian monuments and Pasargadae)--in which Herzfeld had arranged prints in a sequence for study or publication purposes. The order in those Photo Files retains that in the Albums.
In addition to the glass negatives, there is an even larger number of cut films. On his archaeological study trips, Herzfeld was accustomed to supplement his photographs on glass plates with photographs on cut film--sometimes of the same subjects, often of other subjects. Some prints to these negative were identified on the back or could be identified from other prints; but in many instances, especially of landscapes, it has not been possible to place them, except in general categories.
Prints from the cut films have been organized, so far as feasible, in groups of related material and placed in the Photo Files of similar subject matter. The negative number appears in the Photo File. Herzfeld also collected prints from many sources for study purposes. Of those there are no negatives, So far as possible, the prints have been identified and placed in the appropriate Photo File.
The Samarra material, Photo Files 19--23, is in a special category. Files 22 and 23 were arranged in Albums labeled "Paläste und Moscheen-I and -II", respectively. The only identification was written on the backs of the prints, glued to the pages of the Albums. These notations have been transferred to the captions in the Photo Files. These two Albums apparently were arranged by Herzfeld with a view to a publication of the architecture of Samarra which was never prepared. The drawings for such a publication are in this collection.
With such a large number of prints, especially in view of the fact that some were arranged in different fashions for different purposes, it is inevitable that there should be some duplication and that related material may be found in several Photo Files. The only way a user can be sure he has not missed material concerning his particular interest is to examine the Photo File Lists where every print is recorded. Inasmuch as scholars study the same monument from different points of view, the fact that a photograph has been published in one context does not diminish its value in another context.
Note: Photo Files 35--42 consist of Oriental Institute prints of which the negatives are in Chicago. The prints may be published only with the written permission of the Oriental Institute.
- "Ernst Herzfeld Papers, Series 4: Photographic Files," which is composed of b&w glass negatives, color lantern slides, b&w photographic prints (both modern and original), b&w cyanotypes, large format b&w films, and b&w duplicate prints (both modern and original), iwas originally organized into three subseries, the glass n and covers Herzfeld's travels and surveys of the most major archaeological sites in Persia, Mesopotamia and Northern Syria, from 1923 to 1931. It also covers the field activities at Pasargadae (Spring 1928) and of the Persepolis Expedition (1931).
- The Herzfeld Papers in the Archives contains 3,890 glass negatives (FSA A.6 04.GN.0001- to FSA A.6 04.GN.5075), which includes eight sketchbooks (Skizzenbücher I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, and VIII), covers Herzfeld's travels and surveys of the most major archaeological sites in Persia from 1923 to 1924.
The Herzfeld Papers in the Archives contains 3,890 glass negatives, numbered from 1 to 5,066, without any apparent organization. Of most of these, Herzfeld had blueprints made which he had arranged in 16 binders by general categories—i.e. Prehistoric pottery, bronzes, stone; Persepolis; Sasanian monuments; Syrian monuments, Persian architecture and landscapes, etc.—irrespective of the number on the negative.
In addition to the glass negatives and blueprints, there are a series of 16 binders made of photographic prints (Photo Files, Nos. 1-16) and three albums (Photo Files, Nos. 25, 27, and 28). As well, approximately 1,069 photographic prints, which have no negatives, arranged in Photo Files 19-23, are in a special category. In File 19, prints of illustrations in Die Ausgrabungen von Samarra, vol. 1: Der Wandschmuck der Bauten von Samarra und seine Ornamentik. In File 20, prints of illustrations in Die Ausgrabungen von Samarra, vol.2: Die Keramik von Samarra von F. Sarre, supplemented by unpublished photos of ceramics. In the same file, prints of illustrations in Die Ausgrabungen von Samarra, vol.6: Die Geschichte der Stadt Samarra. In File 21, prints of illustrations in Die Ausgrabungen von Samarra, vol.3: Die Malereien von Samarra. At the end of the file, there are unpublished photographs. Files 22 and 23 were arranged in Albums labeled "Paläste und Moscheen-I and -II", respectively. These two Albums apparently were arranged by Herzfeld with a view to a publication of the architecture of the palaces, mosques and private houses of Samarra which was never prepared. The only identification, written on the backs of the prints which were glued to the Album page, had a first number in red crayon used in the captions as the negative number. In some cases, an additional number is given in blue crayon, possibly indicating a revision of the list or an alternative negative. The encircled number on the margin gives the position in the Album.
In addition to the glass negatives and the Photo Files, there is an even larger number of cut films and a package of duplicate prints which are, for the most part, unpublished. On his archaeological study trips, Herzfeld was accustomed to supplement his photographs on glass plates with photographs on cut film—sometimes of the same subjects, often of other subjects.
Arrangement:
- Glass Negatives, numbered from 1 to 5,075, originally stored in 80 wooden boxes of approximately 50 photographs each, are housed in document boxes and stored on shelves.
- Prints are organized in sequential number following publication series, "Die Ausgrabungen von Samarra." They are arranged in photo file folders which are housed in document boxes, and stored on shelves.
Biographical / Historical:
"Ernst Emil Herzfeld (1879-1948) was an orientalist whose many talents led him to explore all phases of Near Eastern culture, from the prehistoric period to Islamic times and from linguistics and religion to art and architecture." [Margaret Cool Root, 1976: "The Herzfeld Archive of the Metropolitan Museum of Art. Metropolitan Museum Journal, Vol. 11, pp. 119-124."]
Local Numbers:
FSA A.06 4
General:
Titles are provided by Xavier Courouble, FSg Archives cataloger, based on Ernst Herzfeld's publications and on Joseph Upton's Catalogue of the Herzfeld Archive.
Date/Time and Place of an Event Note:
The Papers primarly relate to Herzfeld's survey of the monuments, artifacts, and inscriptions of Western Asia between 1903 and 1947 and particularly to his excavations at Istakhr (Iran), Paikuli (Iraq), Pasargadae (Iran), Persepolis (Iran), Samarra (Iraq) and Kuh-e Khwaja (Iran), as well as various archaeological expeditions throughout Cilicia, Mesopotamia, Northern Syria, and Persia. Additional research material, probably collected by Moritz Sobernheim and Max Freiherr von Oppenheim but preserved by Ernst Herzfeld, was part of a broader project, that of Max van Berchem's "Matériaux pour un Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum."
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
Although labelled Syria inscriptions, this file contains, in addition, a series of Mamluk or Ayyubid inscriptions from [Tripolis?] photographs of a palace (?) interior in Samaria, a few miscellaneous prints of Samarra, and some of members of Herzfeld's family or friends, as well as photographs of unidentified people.
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
Collection Citation:
Ernst Herzfeld Papers. FSA.A.06. National Museum of Asian Art Archives. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Gift of Ernst Herzfeld, 1946.
Baalbeck (Lebanon):Umayyad Mosque within the Citadel: View of Arabic Inscription No. XXIX, in Naskhi Mameluke Script. 1899-1914. 13 cm. x 18 cm. As early as 1893, Ernst Herzfeld, Moritz Sobernheim, and Max Freiherr von Oppenheim participated in Max Van Berchem's project to create a Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum. During the following 25 years, research materials such as glass negatives, photographic prints, drawings, maps, and notebooks were circulating among the four archaeologists. In the case of this glass negative, it may have been taken by Moritz Sobernheim on a visit to Baalbeck between 1899 and 1905, as mentioned in his 1922 publication, "Baalbek in Islamischer Zeit, in Voradruck aus dem Werke: Baalbek, Ergebnisse der Aus rabungen und Unterschungen in den Jahren 1898 bis 1905, Vol. 3." Handwritten notes accompanying related print in photo file 14, vol. 2 reads, "Baalb. XXIX."
Additional information from staff reads, "Under the Ayyubids (1175-1250) and the Mamluks (1279-1516), Baalbek witnessed a revival of its political and economic role. To defend the city from crusader attacks, the Ayyubids built a citadel on the site of the temples of Jupiter and Bacchus, which continued to be used during the Mamluk period. Of this citadel and the town that existed within, the fortification wall, a gate, the towers and a mosque remain. Outside the fortified citadel, the old Shiite Mosque, the great and the small Ras al-Ain Mosques, Qubbat al-Amjad, Qubbat Douris and Qubbat as-Saadin were constructed." Additional information from Staff reads, "Glass negative is missing."
Cited in: Sobernheim, Moritz: "'Baalbek in Islamischer Zeit', in Voradruck aus dem Werke: Baalbek, Ergebnisse der Aus rabungen und Unterschungen in den Jahren 1898 bis 1905, Vol. 3. Berlin, 1922, Druck der Vereinigung Wissenschaftlicher Verleger, Walter De Gruyter & Co; p.31."
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
Collection Citation:
Ernst Herzfeld Papers. FSA.A.06. National Museum of Asian Art Archives. Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. Gift of Ernst Herzfeld, 1946.
1 Volume (313 cyanotype prints, b&w, 16 cm. x 21.7 cm.)
Type:
Archival materials
Volumes
Cyanotypes
Photographic prints
Place:
Asia
Syria
Aleppo (Syria)
Date:
1904-1934
Scope and Contents:
The abbreviations used in captions of published photos are:
Corpus--Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum, 2éme Partie-Syrie du Nord. Tome 2--asc.3--lanches
SA-I--Ars Islamica, IX (1942) "Damascus: Studies in Architecture, I. The Mukarnas Dome, the Madrasa"
SA-II--Ars Islamica, X (1943) "Damascus: Studies in Architecture, II. The Cruciform Plan. Syrian Architecture, Period of Nūr ad-Dīn"
SA-III--Ars Islamica, XI-XII (1946) "Damascus: Studies in Architecture, III. The Ayyubid Madrasa. The Turba"
SA-IV--Ars Islamica, XIII-XIV (1948) "Damascus: Studies in Architecture, IV. The Mosque"
- "Ernst Herzfeld Papers; Cyanotypes File 15", which was arranged by Ernst Herzfeld, provides 313 photographic prints which relate to field study of various architectural buildings as well as Arabic inscriptions at Aleppo (Syria).
- Additional information from Joseph Upton's Catalogue of the Herzfeld Archive reads, "The prints are from three sources: (1) those from glass negatives; (2) those from cut film; and (3) those for which there are no negatives. The Archive contains Herzfeld's glass negatives, numbered from 1 to 3850. Of most of these he had blueprints made which he had arranged in 16 binders by general categories, irrespective of the number on the negative. These formed the nucleus for the preparation of the Photo Files. The 16 binders of blueprints have been replaced by Photo Files, Nos. 1-16. The prints in each File are arranged in the same order as the blueprints; and the number of the negative is enclosed in parentheses. Following a brief identification, is a reference to the place where the print has been published, if that is the case and such publication has been located."
Ernst Herzfeld Papers, Series 4: Photographic Files; Aleppo (Syria) (Cyanotypes File 15)
Arrangement:
- Of most of his 3,890 glass negatives, Herzfeld had blueprints made which he arranged in 16 binders irrespective of the number on the negative. In addition to the 16 blueprint binders, he assembled 5 albums including two from the Samarra series labelled "Paläste und Moscheen-I and -II." The remainder of the photographs, from glass negatives and from cut films, sometimes identified by Herzfeld, were printed en masse for study purpose (labelled by Upton as duplicate prints) and which are, for the most part, unpublished. For his own research, Herzfeld also collected prints from many sources. Of those there are no negatives. Finally, in early 1970s, Joseph Upton reorganized the whole Herzfeld collection of photographic prints into 42 photographic files, assembling 14 additional files in excess of the 21 existing files arranged by Herzfeld himself. The eight remaining files, File 35 to File 42, are made of duplicate prints provided by the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.
Local Numbers:
Ernst Herzfeld Papers; Cyanotypes File 15
FSA A.6 04.CY.15
General:
- Title is provided by Xavier Courouble, FSg Archives cataloger, based on Joseph Upton's Catalogue of the Herzfeld Archive.
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
1 Volume (216 cyanotype prints, b&w, 16 cm. x 21.7 cm.)
Type:
Archival materials
Volumes
Cyanotypes
Photographic prints
Place:
Asia
Lebanon
Syria
Baʻlabakk (Lebanon)
Damascus (Syria)
Ḥimṣ (Syria)
Date:
1904-1934
Scope and Contents:
The abbrevi SA-I--rs Islamica, IX. "Damascus: Studies in Architecture, I. The Mukarnas Dome. The Madrasa"
SA-II--rs Islamica, X. "Damascus: Studies in Architecture, II. The Cruciform Plan. Syrian Architecture, Period of Nur al-din"
SA-III--rs Islamica, XI--II. "Damascus: Studies in Architecture, III. The Ayyubid Madrasa, The Turba"
SA-IV--rs Islamica, XIII--IV. "Damascus: Studies in Architecture, IV. The Mosque"
- "Ernst Herzfeld Papers; Cyanotypes File 16", which was arranged by Ernst Herzfeld, provides 313 photographic prints which relate to field study of various architectural buildings as well as Arabic inscriptions at Baalbek (Lebanon), Hims (Syria) and Damascus (Syria).
- Additional information from Joseph Upton's Catalogue of the Herzfeld Archive reads, "The prints are from three sources: (1) those from glass negatives; (2) those from cut film; and (3) those for which there are no negatives. The Archive contains Herzfeld's glass negatives, numbered from 1 to 3850. Of most of these he had blueprints made which he had arranged in 16 binders by general categories, irrespective of the number on the negative. These formed the nucleus for the preparation of the Photo Files. The 16 binders of blueprints have been replaced by Photo Files, Nos. 1-16. The prints in each File are arranged in the same order as the blueprints; and the number of the negative is enclosed in parentheses. Following a brief identification, is a reference to the place where the print has been published, if that is the case and such publication has been located."
Ernst Herzfeld Papers, Series 4: Photographic Files; Syrian Architecture (Cyanotypes File 16)
Arrangement:
- Of most of his 3,890 glass negatives, Herzfeld had blueprints made which he arranged in 16 binders irrespective of the number on the negative. In addition to the 16 blueprint binders, he assembled 5 albums including two from the Samarra series labelled "Paläste und Moscheen-I and -II." The remainder of the photographs, from glass negatives and from cut films, sometimes identified by Herzfeld, were printed en masse for study purpose (labelled by Upton as duplicate prints) and which are, for the most part, unpublished. For his own research, Herzfeld also collected prints from many sources. Of those there are no negatives. Finally, in early 1970s, Joseph Upton reorganized the whole Herzfeld collection of photographic prints into 42 photographic files, assembling 14 additional files in excess of the 21 existing files arranged by Herzfeld himself. The eight remaining files, File 35 to File 42, are made of duplicate prints provided by the Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago.
Local Numbers:
Ernst Herzfeld Papers; Cyanotypes File 16
FSA A.6 04.CY.16
General:
- Title is provided by Xavier Courouble, FSg Archives cataloger, based on Joseph Upton's Catalogue of the Herzfeld Archive.
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
Drawings are arranged roughly in sequential number sequences, housed in document boxes or in flat file folders by size, and stored in the map case drawers.
Local Numbers:
D-1277
FSA A.06 05.1277
Date/Time and Place of an Event Note:
The monuments and inscriptions of Northern Syria were surveyed and collected between 1908 and 1914 by Moritz Sobernheim and Ernst Herzfeld as part of a broader project, sponsored by the Institut de France, that of Max van Berchem's "Matériaux pour un Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum." The drawing may be related to this survey as well as additional expeditions to Damascus (Syria) carried out by Ernst Herzfeld as early as 1903 and as later as 1930.
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
Drawings are arranged roughly in sequential number sequences, housed in document boxes or in flat file folders by size, and stored in the map case drawers.
Local Numbers:
D-1278
FSA A.06 05.1278
General:
Title is provided by FSg Archives staff based on Ernst Herzfeld's article in Ars Islamica, Damascus: Studies in Architecture: III.
Date/Time and Place of an Event Note:
The monuments and inscriptions of Northern Syria were surveyed and collected between 1908 and 1914 by Moritz Sobernheim and Ernst Herzfeld as part of a broader project, sponsored by the Institut de France, that of Max van Berchem's "Matériaux pour un Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum." The drawing may be related to this survey as well as additional expeditions to Damascus (Syria) carried out by Ernst Herzfeld as early as 1903 and as later as 1930.
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
Drawings are arranged roughly in sequential number sequences, housed in document boxes or in flat file folders by size, and stored in the map case drawers.
Local Numbers:
D-1279
FSA A.06 05.1279
Date/Time and Place of an Event Note:
The monuments and inscriptions of Northern Syria were surveyed and collected between 1908 and 1914 by Moritz Sobernheim and Ernst Herzfeld as part of a broader project, sponsored by the Institut de France, that of Max van Berchem's "Matériaux pour un Corpus Inscriptionum Arabicarum." The drawing may be related to this survey as well as additional expeditions to Syria carried out by Ernst Herzfeld as early as 1903 and as later as 1930.
Collection Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish, quote, or reproduce must be secured from the repository.
