Search Results

Creator:

ANONYMOUS  Search this

Extent:

5 Pages

Culture:

Muskogee (Creek)  Search this

Iroquois  Search this

Muskogee (Creek)  Search this

Huron  Search this

Choctaw Indians  Search this

Iroquois -- Seneca  Search this

Muskogee (Creek)  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northeast  Search this

Wyandot Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this

Seneca Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southern States  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Pages

Date:

undated

Scope and Contents:

In copy of Schedule of John Wesley Powell's Introduction to the Study of Indian Language 1871. The comparison is in terms of numbers, apparently referring to relationship charts in Lewis Henry Morgan, Systems of Consanguinity and Affinity of the Human Family, SCK 17, Washington, D. C., 1871. This Manuscript gives no native terms.

Local Numbers:

NAA MS 603

Local Note:

manuscript document

Topic:

Social structure  Search this

Seneca Indians  Search this

Social structure  Search this

Assiniboine Indians  Search this

Social structure  Search this

Choctaw Indians  Search this

Social structure  Search this

Creek Indians  Search this

Social structure  Search this

Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this

Assiniboin  Search this

Citation:

Manuscript 603, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.MS603

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-ms603

Creator:

Dorsey, James Owen, 1848-1895  Search this

Names:

Smithsonian Institution. Bureau of American Ethnology  Search this

Bushotter, George, 1864-1892  Search this

Gatschet, Albert S. (Albert Samuel), 1832-1907  Search this

Hewitt, J. N. B. (John Napoleon Brinton), 1859-1937  Search this

Mooney, James, 1861-1921  Search this

Powell, John Wesley, 1834-1902  Search this

Riggs, Stephen Return, 1812-1883  Search this

Extent:

30 Linear feet (70 boxes, 1 oversized box, 20 manuscript envelopes, 4 rolled maps, and 23 map folders)

Culture:

Indians of North America -- Subarctic  Search this

Athapascan Indians  Search this

Hidatsa Indians  Search this

Mandan Indians  Search this

Biloxi Indians  Search this

Tutelo Indians  Search this

Iowa Indians  Search this

Chiwere  Search this

Winnebago Indians  Search this

Oto Indians  Search this

Quapaw Indians  Search this

Osage Indians  Search this

Dakota Indians  Search this

Siouan Indians  Search this

Teton Indians  Search this

Dhegiha Indians  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

Ponca Indians  Search this

Omaha Indians  Search this

Tututni Indians  Search this

Kansa Indians  Search this

Siletz Indians  Search this

Kusan  Search this

Coos (Kusan)  Search this

Yakonan Indians  Search this

Arctic peoples  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northeast  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southeast  Search this

Takelma Indians  Search this

Klikitat Indians  Search this

Chasta Costa (Chastacosta)  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Field notes

Drawings

Vocabulary

Folklore

Sermons

Manuscripts

Obituaries

Correspondence

Newspaper clippings

Place:

Siletz Indian Reservation (Or.)

Date:

circa 1870-1956

bulk 1870-1895

Summary:

Reverend James Owen Dorsey (1848-1895) was a missionary and Bureau of American Ethnology ethnologist who conducted extensive research on Siouan tribes and languages.The papers of James Owen Dorsey comprise mostly ethnographic and linguistic materials on various tribes of the Siouan language family as well as tribes from Siletz Reservation in Oregon. These materials include texts and letters with interlineal translations; grammar notes; dictionaries; drawings; and his manuscripts. In addition, the collection contains Dorsey's correspondence, newspaper clippings, his obituaries, and reprints.

Scope and Contents:

This collection contains James O. Dorsey's research and writings as a BAE ethnologist, as well as his earlier work as a missionary among the Ponca. The vast majority of the collection pertains to his research on Siouan-Catawban languages, including the Dakota and Dhegiha languages, Chiwere, Winnebago, Mandan, Hidatsa, Tutelo, Biloxi, and Catawba. His research on Athapascan, Kusan, Takilman, and Yakonan languages from his field work at Siletz Reservation are also present, as well as some notes on the Caddoan languages. Dorsey's research files include linguistic and ethnological field notes, reading notes, stories and myths, vocabularies, drawings, and unpublished and published manuscripts. The collection also contains Omaha, Ponca, Quapaw, and Biloxi dictionaries that he compiled and materials relating to his work editing Steven Riggs' Dakota-English Dictionary. Additional noteworthy materials in the collection are Teton texts and drawings from George Bushotter and drawings by Stephen Stubbs (Kansa), Pahaule-gagli (Kansa), and George Miller (Omaha). The collection also contains Dorsey's correspondence, newspaper clippings, obituaries, and his collection of reprints.

Arrangement:

The collection is organized into 6 series: 1) Siouan; 2) Siletz Reservation; 3) Caddoan; 4) General Correspondence; 5) Personal Papers; 6) Miscellaneous & Reprints.

Biographical Note:

Reverend James Owen Dorsey (1848-1895) was a missionary and Bureau of American Ethnology ethnologist who conducted extensive research on Siouan tribes and languages.

Dorsey was born on October 31, 1848 in Baltimore, Maryland. He exhibited a talent for languages at an early age. At age 6 he learned the Hebrew alphabet and was able to read the language at age 10. In 1867 Dorsey attended the Theological Seminary of Virginia and was ordained a deacon of the Protestant Episcopal Church in 1871. In May of that year, Dorsey traveled to the Dakota Territory to serve as a missionary among the Ponca. Plagued by ill health, Dorsey was forced to end his missionary work in August 1873. By that time, however, he had learned the Ponca language well enough to converse with members of the tribe without an interpreter.

Dorsey returned to Maryland and engaged in parish work while continuing his studies of Siouan languages. His linguistic talents and knowledge of these languages attracted the attention of Major John Wesley Powell. Powell arranged for Dorsey to work among the Omaha in Nebraska from 1878 to 1880 to collect linguistic and ethnological notes. When the Bureau of American Ethnology (BAE) was established in 1879, Powell recruited Dorsey to join the staff.

As an ethnologist for the BAE, Dorsey continued his research on Siouan tribes. His studies focused on languages but also included Siouan personal names, folklore, social organization, religion, beliefs, and customs. He conducted fieldwork among the Tutelo at Six Nations on Grand River in Upper Canada (1882); the Kansa, Osage, and Quapaw in Indian Territory (1883-1884); the Biloxi at Lecompte, Rapides Parish, Louisiana (1892); and again with the Quapaw at the Quapaw Mission (1894). He also worked with Native Americans that visited DC, including George Bushotter (Teton), Philip Longtail (Winnebago), Samuel Fremont (Omaha), and Little Standing Buffalo (Ponca). He also spent time at Siletz Reservation in 1884 to collect linguistic notes on the Athapascan, Kusan, Takilman, and Yakonan stocks.

In addition to his research, Dorsey helped found the American Folklore Society and served as the first vice-president of the association. He also served as vice-president of Section H of the American Association for the Advancement of Science.

At the age of 47, Dorsey died of typhoid fever on February 4, 1895.

Sources Consulted

1st-16th Annual Reports of the Bureau of American Ethnology. 1881-1897.

Hewitt, J.N.B. 1895. "James Owen Dorsey" American Anthropologist A8, 180-183.

McGee, W.J. 1895. "In Memoriam." Journal of American Folklore 8(28): 79-80.

1848 -- Born on October 31 in Baltimore, Maryland.

1871 -- Ordained a deacon of the Protestant Episcopal Church.

1871-1873 -- Served as a missionary among the Ponca in Dakota Territory.

1878-1880 -- Conducted fieldwork among the Omaha in Nebraska.

1879 -- Joined the staff of the Bureau of American Ethnology.

1882 -- Conducted fieldwork among the Tutelo at Six Nations on Grand River in Upper Canada.

1883-1884 -- Conducted fieldwork among the Kansa, Osage, and Quapaw in Indian Territory.

1887 -- Worked with George Bushotter to record information regarding the language and culture of the Dakota.

1884 -- Conducted fieldwork at Siletz Reservation.

1892 -- Conducted fieldwork among the Biloxi at Lecompte, Rapides Parish, Louisiana.

1894 -- Conducted fieldwork among the Quapaw at the Quapaw Mission in Indian Territory.

1895 -- Died of typhoid fever on February 4th at the age of 47.

Restrictions:

The James O. Dorsey Papers are open for research. Access to the James O. Dorsey Papers requires an appointment

Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Topic:

Catawba Indians  Search this

Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this

Ethnology  Search this

Social structure  Search this

Kinship  Search this

Manners and customs  Search this

Shahaptian languages  Search this

Yakonan languages  Search this

Athapascan languages  Search this

Kusan languages  Search this

Linguistics  Search this

Siouan languages  Search this

Dhegiha language  Search this

Siuslaw Indians  Search this

Hidatsa language  Search this

Omaha language  Search this

Dakota language  Search this

Catawba language  Search this

Biloxi language  Search this

Caddoan languages  Search this

Osage language  Search this

Alsea language  Search this

Kansa language  Search this

Mandan language  Search this

Chastacosta language  Search this

Coquille language  Search this

Tutelo language  Search this

Winnebago language  Search this

Siuslaw language  Search this

Takelma language  Search this

Genre/Form:

Field notes

Drawings

Vocabulary

Folklore

Sermons

Manuscripts

Obituaries

Correspondence

Newspaper clippings

Citation:

Manuscript 4800 James O. Dorsey papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Sponsor:

Creation of this finding aid was funded through support from the Arcadia Fund. Digitization and preparation of additional materials for online access has been funded also by the National Science Foundation under BCS Grant No. 1561167 and the Recovering Voices initiative at the Smithsonian's National Museum of Natural History.

Identifier:

NAA.MS4800

See more items in:

MS 4800 James O. Dorsey papers

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-ms4800

Creator:

Scott, Hugh Lenox, 1853-1934  Search this

Dunbar, John Brown, 1841-1914  Search this

He Dog  Search this

Red Feather  Search this

Whirling  Search this

Addressee:

Wissler, Clark, 1870-1947  Search this

Names:

United States. Bureau of Indian Affairs  Search this

Bruguiere, Johnnie, 1849-1898  Search this

Petalesharo, 1797-1836  Search this

Extent:

4 Boxes

2,736 Items (2,736 pages)

Culture:

Dakota Indians  Search this

Niitsitapii (Blackfoot/Blackfeet)  Search this

Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this

Anishinaabe (Chippewa/Ojibwa)  Search this

American Indian -- Digger Indians  Search this

Salish (Flathead)  Search this

A'aninin (Gros Ventre)  Search this

Hopi Pueblo  Search this

Kiowa Indians  Search this

Navajo Indians  Search this

Wichita Indians  Search this

Osage Indians  Search this

Apache Indians  Search this

Mandan Indians  Search this

Sahnish (Arikara)  Search this

Hidatsa Indians  Search this

Cree  Search this

Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke)  Search this

Niuam (Comanche)  Search this

Nez Percé Indians  Search this

Shoshoni Indians  Search this

Inunaina (Arapaho)  Search this

Bannock  Search this

Ute Indians  Search this

Pawnee Indians  Search this

Delaware Indians  Search this

Slave  Search this

Denésoliné (Chipewyan)  Search this

Caddo  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

Sarsi Indians  Search this

Plains Apache (Kiowa Apache)  Search this

Pikuni Blackfeet (Piegan)  Search this

Ponka  Search this

Yampa Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Subarctic  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Basin  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northeast  Search this

Ojibwa Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this

Ponca Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Plateau  Search this

Salish Indians  Search this

Kootenai Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southwest, New  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southern States  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Date:

1934

Scope and Contents:

Much of this material is relevant to the Dakotas. Includes: miscellaneous notes on Dakota history, bands, and sign for "Dakota," Autograph Document. Approximately 100 pages. (Box 2); account of the Battle of Little Big Horn by He Dog, Red Feather, and Whirling, Autograph Document. 7 pages. (Box 3); "The Custer Battle with the Sioux, Autograph Document. 10 pages. (Box 3); notes on sign language in general, its history and distribution, Autograph and Typescript Document, 1 box (Box 4).

Local Numbers:

NAA MS 2932

Local Note:

manuscript document

Topic:

Dakota Indians  Search this

Sign language  Search this

Marriage and family -- Berdache  Search this

Weapons -- bow  Search this

Dance -- calumet  Search this

American Indian  Search this

Rituals, formulas and ceremonies  Search this

Zoology -- Buffalo  Search this

Dance -- grass  Search this

War -- Battle of Little Bighorn  Search this

Medicine  Search this

Names, place  Search this

Dance -- Ghost dance  Search this

Religion -- soul, concept of  Search this

Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this

Navaho  Search this

Shoshone  Search this

Ute  Search this

White River (Parusanuch and Yampa)  Search this

Lenape  Search this

Assiniboin  Search this

Sioux  Search this

Plains Apache  Search this

Blackfoot  Search this

Sarcee  Search this

Chippewa  Search this

Kootenai  Search this

Kutenai  Search this

Blackfeet  Search this

Citation:

Manuscript 2932, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.MS2932

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-ms2932

Correspondent:

Hanson, James A.  Search this

Conner, Stuart W.  Search this

Dempsey, Hugh A.  Search this

Brasser, Ted J.  Search this

DeMallie, Raymond  Search this

Schaeffer, Claude E.  Search this

Taylor, Colin F.  Search this

Creator:

Ewers, John C. (John Canfield), 1909-1997  Search this

Names:

National Museum of American History (U.S.)  Search this

National Museum of Natural History (U.S.)  Search this

Smithsonian Institution  Search this

United States. National Park Service  Search this

Catlin, George, 1796-1872  Search this

Denig, Edwin Thompson, 1812-1858  Search this

Taylor, James E. ((Artist))  Search this

Extent:

97 Linear feet

Culture:

Anishinaabe (Chippewa/Ojibwa)  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northeast  Search this

Cree  Search this

Ojibwa Indians  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

Kiowa Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Subarctic  Search this

Niitsitapii (Blackfoot/Blackfeet)  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Date:

1945-1993

Scope and Contents:

The John Canfield Ewers Papers document his wide ranging anthropological interests from early White depictions of Native Americans to the material culture of the Plains tribes through correspondence, exhibit catalogs, field notes, illustrations, lectures, maps, photocopies of archival materials, photographs, and writings. The collection includes materials relating to his numerous research projects and publications such as his books on plains sculpture and Jean Louis Berlandier as well as his field research among the Assiniboin and Blackfoot tribes. Ewers' career as an ethnologist based in a museum is amply documented through correspondence, exhibit plans and scripts, notes, and reports showcasing his work for the National Park Service and his fifty plus years at the Smithsonian. The voluminous correspondence file highlights his close collaboration with individuals such as Stu Conner, Hugh Dempsey, Claude Schaeffer, and Colin Taylor. Ewers' graduate studies and his family are featured in Series XI. One special category of materials in this collection is Series XIV, the card files. Ewers pulled information from his field notes and other sources, classified them, and typed or wrote them up on 3x5 or 5x7 inch index cards. He then organized these files alphabetically by subject within large categories such as "Collecting Alpha by Collectors Name" or "Fur Trade and Trade Goods." The card files include correspondence and photographs and closely relate to materials throughout the rest of the collection. Though Ewers' papers are primarily textual in nature, there are graphic materials throughout his files. Series XIII features the graphic materials that Ewers kept separate from his files such as the contents of his slide cabinets. There is overlap within this series as Ewers kept multiple copies of his slides in various locations. This series also includes audiotapes of conferences and symposia at which Ewers spoke and three scrapbooks. Of note are original pencil and ink drawings from his book, The Horse in Blackfoot Culture, in Series XV. Transcripts of oral history interviews with John Canfield Ewers are also available at the Smithsonian Institution Archives.

Arrangement note:

This collection was organized into 15 series - Correspondence, Research & Subject Files, Research Projects, Trips and Presentations, Artists of the Old West, North American Indian Art, Plains Sculpture Book, Berlandier Project, Smithsonian Institution, National Park Service, Personal, Writings by Ewers, Audiovisual Materials, Card Files, and Art Work.

Biographical/Historical note:

John Canfield Ewers (1909-1997) earned a B.A. from Dartmouth College in 1931 and an M.A. in Anthropology from Yale University in 1934. Ewers began his career in museums as a Field Curator for the National Park Service. He helped design exhibits at Vicksburg National Battlefield and Ocmulgee National Monument among others. In 1941, the Bureau of Indian Affairs hired Ewers to design and establish the Museum of the Plains Indian in Browning, Montana. After a short stint in the Navy during World War II, Ewers joined the Department of Anthropology at the Smithsonian Institution. He worked at the Smithsonian for over fifty years in numerous capacities including Director of the National Museum of History and Technology (now called the National Museum of American History). Ewers' research dealt with the Plains Indians and the Blackfoot tribe in particular. Ewers wrote several books on a wide variety of topics including White artists depictions of Native Americans, Plains Indian sculpture, and the horse in Blackfoot Indian culture.

Restrictions:

The John Canfield Ewers papers are open for research.

Rights:

Contact repository for terms of use.

Topic:

Ethnohistory  Search this

Carving  Search this

American Indians -- Plains  Search this

Artists -- United States -- West -- Biography  Search this

American Indians -- Clothing  Search this

American Indians -- arts and crafts  Search this

Museums -- History -- Exhibitions  Search this

Museums -- Collection management  Search this

Museum exhibits  Search this

Repatriation  Search this

Artists  Search this

Citation:

John Canfield Ewers papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.1998-35

See more items in:

John Canfield Ewers Papers

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-1998-35

Correspondent:

Mead, Margaret, 1901-1978  Search this

Boas, Franz, 1858-1942  Search this

Wallis, Ruth Sawtell, 1895-1978  Search this

Wagley, Charles, 1913-1991  Search this

Lopez, Salvador  Search this

Little, Kenneth  Search this

Wilson, Maggie  Search this

Whitecloud, Thomas St. Germain  Search this

Henry, Jules, 1904-1969  Search this

Hellman, Ellen  Search this

Haugen, Einar  Search this

Gough, Kathleen  Search this

Lewis, Oscar  Search this

Kaberry, Phyllis Mary, 1910-  Search this

Imes, Elmer Samuel, 1883-1941  Search this

Strong, William Duncan, 1899-1962  Search this

Steyn, Anna F.  Search this

Spier, Leslie, 1893-1961  Search this

Stefansson, Vilhjalmur, 1879-1962  Search this

Solecki, Ralph S.  Search this

Sparta, Francisco  Search this

Rubin, Joan  Search this

Rubin, Vera  Search this

Rodnick, David  Search this

Rogers, Edward S.  Search this

Ritzenthaler, Robert E. (Robert Eugene), 1911-1980  Search this

Roberts, Robert W.  Search this

Ramo, Arthur  Search this

Richards, Audrey  Search this

Preston, Richard J.  Search this

Verger, Pierre  Search this

Vennum, Thomas  Search this

Topash, Mary  Search this

Topash, Joe  Search this

Teskey, Lynn  Search this

Taylor, Beryl  Search this

Tanner, Helen Hornbeck  Search this

Densmore, Frances, 1867-1957  Search this

Quain, Buell H. (Buell Halvor), 1912-1939  Search this

Dunning, William  Search this

Douglas, William A.  Search this

Eggan, Fred, 1906-1991  Search this

Edmondson, Munro S.  Search this

Black, Mary B.  Search this

Benedict, Ruth, 1887-1948  Search this

Domengeaux, James  Search this

Feldman, Albert G.  Search this

Feder, Norman  Search this

Gacs, Ute  Search this

Franklin, John Hope  Search this

Ewers, John C. (John Canfield), 1909-1997  Search this

Erickson, Vincent O.  Search this

Falk, Minna R.  Search this

Faitlovitch, V.  Search this

Alberto Torres, Heloisa  Search this

Buck, Pearl  Search this

Bruce, Harold E.  Search this

Borri, Rina  Search this

Boggs, Stephen Taylor  Search this

Arensberg, Conrad M. (Conrad Maynadier), 1910-1997  Search this

Baldus, Herbert  Search this

Barnouw, Victor  Search this

Bateson, Mary Catherine  Search this

Lurie, Nancy Oestreich  Search this

Malherbe, E.G.  Search this

Marks, Eli S.  Search this

Masha, Louise  Search this

Maslow, Will  Search this

Masquat, Joseph M.  Search this

Mayer, Kurt B.  Search this

McWilliams, Carey  Search this

Bunche, Ralph J.  Search this

Carneiro, Edison  Search this

Chilver, E. M.  Search this

Chilver, Richard  Search this

Clifton, James A.  Search this

Colson, Elizabeth F.  Search this

Daveron, Alexander  Search this

Lowenfeld, Margaret, 1890-1973  Search this

Officer, James E.  Search this

Odum, Howard W.  Search this

Park, Alice  Search this

Paredes, Anthony  Search this

Paton, Alan  Search this

Park, George  Search this

Prado, Idabel do  Search this

Peschel, Keewaydinoquay M.  Search this

Merwe, Hendrik W. van der  Search this

Murphy, Robert Francis  Search this

Messing, Simon D.  Search this

Neumann, Anita  Search this

Nef, Evelyn Stefansson  Search this

Nocktonick, Louise  Search this

Neumann, Walter  Search this

Creator:

Landes, Ruth, 1908-1991  Search this

Names:

Columbia University Research in Contemporary Cultures  Search this

Committee on Fair Employment Practices  Search this

Fisk University  Search this

Johnson, Charles S.  Search this

Landes, Ruth, 1908-1991  Search this

Park, Robert E.  Search this

Extent:

26.5 Linear feet ((63 document boxes and 1 oversized box))

Culture:

Ojibwa Indians  Search this

African American  Search this

Santee Indians  Search this

African  Search this

Acadians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northeast  Search this

Jews -- American  Search this

Anishinaabe (Chippewa/Ojibwa)  Search this

Latinos -- California  Search this

Brazilians  Search this

Basques  Search this

American Indians  Search this

Dakota -- Santee  Search this

Afro-Brazilians  Search this

Africans  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Place:

Quebec -- Bilingualism

United Kingdom -- colored immigration

South Africa

Date:

1928-1992

Summary:

Most of Ruth Landes's papers relate directly or indirectly to Landes's American Indian research, her work in Brazil, and her study of bilingualism. There is also a considerable amount of material that relates to her experiences (sometimes fictionalized) at Fisk University. There is only small amount of material related to her other interests. Her collection also has material of and relating to the Brazilian folklorist and journalist Edison Carneiro. There is also noteworthy material concerning Herbert Baldus, Ruth Benedict, Elmer C. Imes, Charles S. Johnson, and Robert E. Park. There is a large amount of printed and processed materials in the collection, mainly in the form of newspaper clippings and a collection of scholarly papers.

Scope and Contents:

This collection is mainly comprised of the professional papers of Ruth Schlossberg Landes. Included are correspondence, journals, published and unpublished manuscripts of writings, research materials including field notes and reading notes, photographs, drawings, scholarly papers and publications by other scholars, and clippings from newspapers and periodicals.

Landes's field research on Candomblé in Brazil is well-represented in this collection, consisting of her field journals, writings, and photographs. Also present are Maggie Wilson's stories that were the basis for Landes's The Ojibwa Woman. Unfortunately, Landes was unable to locate her journals for her early research with the Ojibwa/Chippewa, Potawatomi, and Dakota. There are, however, field photographs of the Ojibwa/Chippewa and Potawatomi in the collection. There is also a great deal of her research on groups, especially minorities, in multilingual states with particular focus on the French of Quebec, Basques of Spain and the United States, Boers and Blacks of South Africa, the several socio-linguistic groups of Switzerland, and Acadians (Cajuns) of Louisiana. In the collection are several drafts of her unpublished manuscript on bilingualism, "Tongues that Defy the State." There is also a small amount of material about Black Jews of New York and considerable material about Landes's experience among African Americans when she taught briefly at Fisk University, including her unpublished manuscript "Now, at Athens," containing fictional and autobiographical accounts of her time at Fisk.

Reflections of other facets of Landes's professional activities are also included. Some materials concern her teaching activities, and there is also documentation of her work with the Fair Employment Practices Commission (a federal government agency during the administration of Franklin D. Roosevelt) and a similar private organization which immediately succeeded the FEPA; Gunnar Myrdal's research into the plight of African Americans ("The Negro in America"); the Research in Contemporary Cultures project at Columbia University; and the American Jewish Congress.

Among Landes's correspondents are Ruth Benedict, Franz Boas, Margaret Mead, Ralph Bunche, Herbert Baldus, Edison Carneiro, Sally Chilver, Frances Densmore, Sol Tax, Elmer S. Imes, Charles S. Johnson, Robert E. Park, and Hendrik W. van der Merwe.

Arrangement:

The collection is organized into 6 series: (1) Correspondence, 1931-1991; (2) Research Materials, circa 1930s-1990; (3) Writings, circa 1930s-1990; (4) Teaching Materials, 1935-1975, undated; (5) Biographical and Personal Files, 1928-1988; (6) Graphic Materials, 1933-1978, undated

Biographical Note:

Ruth Schlossberg Landes was born on October 8, 1908 in New York City. Her father was Joseph Schlossberg, an activist in the Yiddish labor socialist community and one of the founders of the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America. She studied sociology at New York University (B.A. 1928) and social work at the New York School of Social Work, Columbia University (M.S.W. 1929). While in graduate school, Landes studied Black Jews in Harlem for her master's thesis, a topic that developed her interests in anthropology.

After graduating in 1929, she worked as a social worker in Harlem and married Victor Landes, a medical student and son of family friends. Their marriage ended after two years when she enrolled in the doctoral program in anthropology at Columbia against her husband's wishes. She kept his surname due to the stigma of being a divorced woman.

At Columbia, Landes studied under Franz Boas and Ruth Benedict, her main advisor. Under the guidance of Benedict, Landes moved away from further study of African Americans to focus on Native American communities. Upon Benedict's suggestion, Landes studied the social organization of the Ojibwa in Manitou Rapids in Ontario from 1932 to 1936 for her Ph.D. fieldwork. Her dissertation, Ojibwa Sociology, was published in 1937. Landes also contributed "The Ojibwa of Canada" in Cooperation and Competition among Primitive Peoples (1937), a volume edited by Margaret Mead. In 1938, Landes published Ojibwa Women (1938), a book written in collaboration with Maggie Wilson, an Ojibwa interpreter and informant.

In addition to studying the Ojibwa in Ontario, Landes also conducted fieldwork with the Chippewa of Red Lake, Minnesota in 1933, working closely with shaman or midé Will Rogers. Her book, Ojibwa Religion and the Midéwiwin (1968) was based largely on her research with Rogers and Maggie Wilson. In 1935 and 1936, she undertook fieldwork with the Santee Dakota in Minnesota and the Potawatomi in Kansas. Like Ojibwa Religion and the Midéwiwin, her books on the Santee Dakota and Potawatomi were not published until several years later—The Mystic Lake Sioux: Sociology of the Mdewakantonwan Sioux was published in 1968 while The Prairie Potawatomi was published in 1970. In between her field research in the 1930s and the publication of The Prairie Potawatomi, Landes returned to Kansas to study the Potawatomi in the 1950s and 1960s.

Landes's plan to continue her studies with the Potawatomi in 1937 changed when Benedict invited her to join a team of researchers from Columbia University in Brazil. Landes was to conduct research on Afro-Brazilians in Bahia, Brazil, while Walter Lipkind, Buell Quain, and Charles Wagley studied indigenous people in the Amazons. To prepare for her research, Landes was at Fisk University in Nashville, Tennessee in 1937 and 1938 to consult with Robert Park and Donald Pierson and to use the university's library collections of African and African American materials. During that time, Landes also held a teaching position at Fisk and lived in the non-segregated women's residence on campus. Landes later wrote "Now, at Athens," an unpublished memoir containing fictional and true accounts of her experiences at Fisk.

From 1938 to 1939, Landes conducted fieldwork on the role of Afro-Brazilian women and homosexuals in the Candomblé religion in Bahia, Brazil. Unable to move freely by herself in Brazil as a single woman, Landes was accompanied by Edison Carneiro, a Bahian journalist and folklorist. With Carneiro as her companion, Landes was allowed access to rituals and people that would have been closed off to her otherwise. Due to her association with Carneiro, a member of the Brazilian Communist Party, Landes was suspected of being a communist and was forced to leave Bahia early. Publications from her research in Brazil include "A Cult Matriarchate and Male Homosexuality" (1940) and City of Women (1947). She returned to Brazil in 1966 to study the effects of urban development in Rio de Janeiro. In 1967, a Portuguese translation of City of Women was published, a project that Carneiro had commissioned as the first director of the Ministry of Education and Culture's Special National Agency for the Protection of Folklore.

Landes returned to New York in 1939, working briefly as a researcher for Gunnar Myrdal's study of African Americans. Unable to obtain a permanent position at a university, she worked in several other short term positions throughout most of her career. During World War II, Landes was a research director for the Office of the Coordinator for Inter-American Affairs (1941) and consultant for President Franklin D. Roosevelt's Fair Employment Practices Committee on African American and Mexican American cases (1941-44). In 1945, Landes directed a program created by Pearl S. Buck and a group of interdenominational clergy to analyze pending New York anti-discrimination legislation. She moved to California the following year to work for the Los Angeles Metropolitan Welfare Council on a study of race and youth gangs. After her contract ended, she moved back to New York and was hired as a contract researcher for the American Jewish Congress (1948-50). She also participated in Columbia University's Research in Contemporary Cultures (1949-51), studying Jewish families. She coauthored with Mark Zborowski, "Hypothesis concerning the Eastern European Jewish Family." From 1951 to 1952, Landes spent a year in London, funded by a Fulbright fellowship to study colored colonial immigrants and race relations in Great Britain.

After her fellowship ended, Landes returned to the United States and held short term appointments at several universities. She taught at the William Alanson White Psychiatric Institution in New York (1953-54), the New School for Social Research in New York (1953-55), University of Kansas (1957, 1964), University of Southern California (1957-62), Columbia University (1963), Los Angeles State College (1963), and Tulane University (1964). At Claremont Graduate School, Landes helped to develop and direct the Claremont Anthropology and Education Program (1959-62).

It was not until 1965 that Landes obtained a permanent faculty position at McMaster University in Hamilton, Ontario; she was recruited for the position by Richard Slobodin. Due to Ontario's age retirement law, Landes was forced to retire in 1973 at the age of 65. She continued to teach part-time until 1977, when she became professor emerita.

Landes passed away at the age of 82 on February 11, 1991.

Sources Consulted

Cole, Sally. 2003. Ruth Landes: A Life in Anthropology. Lincoln, Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press.

Chronology

1908 October 8 -- Born Ruth Schlossberg in New York City

1928 -- B.A. in sociology, New York University

1929 -- M.S.W., New York School of Social Work, Columbia University

1929-1931 -- Social worker in Harlem Married to Victor Landes

1929-1934 -- Studied Black Jews in Harlem

1931 -- Began graduate work in anthropology at Columbia University

1932-1936 -- Studied the Ojibwa in Ontario and Minnesota (in field periodically)

1933-1940 -- Research Fellow, Columbia University

1935 Summer-Fall -- Studied the Santee Sioux (Dakota) in Minnesota

1935-1936 -- Studied the Potawatomi in Kansas

1935 -- Ph.D., Columbia University

1937 -- Instructor, Brooklyn College

1937-1938 -- Instructor, Fisk University

1938-1939 -- Studied Afro-Brazilians and Candomblé in Brazil, especially at Bahia

1939 -- Researcher on Gunnar Myrdal's study, "The Negro in America"

1941 -- Research Director, Office of Inter American Affairs, Washington, D.C.

1941-1945 -- Representative for Negro and Mexican American Affairs, Fair Employment Practices Committee (FEPC), President Franklin D. Roosevelt Administration

1944 -- Interim Director, Committee Against Racial Discrimination, New York

1946-1947 -- Researcher, study of Mexican American youth, gangs, and families, Los Angeles Metropolitan Council

1948-1951 -- Researcher, American Jewish Congress, New York

1949-1951 -- Research consultant, study on Jewish families in New York for Research in Contemporary Cultures Project, Columbia University

1951-1952 -- Fulbright Scholar, to study colored colonial immigration into Great Britain

1953-1954 -- Lecturer, William Alanson White Psychiatric Institution, New York

1953-1955 -- Lecturer, New School for Social Research, New York

1956-1957 -- Married to Ignacio Lutero Lopez

1957 Summer -- Visiting Professor, University of Kansas

1957-1958 -- Visiting Professor, University of Southern California

1957-1965 -- Consultant, California agencies (Department of Social Work, Bureau of Mental Hygiene, Department of Education, Public Health Department) and San Francisco Police Department

1958-1959 -- Director, Geriatrics Program, Los Angeles City Health Department

1959-1962 -- Visiting Professor and Director of Anthropology and Education Program, Claremont Graduate School

1962 -- Extension Lecturer, University of California, Los Angeles and University of California, Berkeley

1963 -- Extension Lecturer, Columbia University Extension Lecturer, Los Angeles State College

1963-1965 -- Consultant, International Business Machines (IBM)

1964 January-June -- Visiting Professor, Tulane University

1964 Summer -- Field work with Potawatomi in Kansas Professor, University of Kansas

1965-1975 -- Professor at McMaster University

1966 -- Studied urban development in Rio de Janeiro

1968-1975 -- Studied bilingualism and biculturalism in Spain, Switzerland, South Africa, United States, and Canada (in Spain and the United States concentrated on Basques)

1975 -- Became part-time faculty member at McMaster University

1977 -- Professor Emerita, McMaster University

1978 -- Award of Merit from the University of Wisconsin, Green Bay

1991 February 11 -- Died in Hamilton, Ontario

1991 -- Establishment of the Ruth Landes Memorial Research Fund at Research Institute for the Study of Man (RISM)

Related Materials:

Correspondence from Ruth Landes can be found in the William Duncan Strong Papers, the Leonard Bloomfield Papers, and MS 7369. The Ruth Bunzel Papers contains a copy of a grant application by Landes.

Provenance:

These papers were donated to the National Anthropological Archives by Ruth Landes in 1991.

Restrictions:

The Ruth Landes papers are open for research. The nitrate negatives in this collection have been separated from the collection and stored offsite. Access to nitrate negatives is restricted due to preservation concerns.

Access to the Ruth Landes papers requires an appointment.

Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Topic:

Language and languages -- Documentation  Search this

Midéwiwin  Search this

Bilingualism  Search this

Aging  Search this

Candomblé (Religion)  Search this

Citation:

Ruth Landes papers, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Sponsor:

The revision of this finding aid and digitization of portions of the collection were made possible through the financial support of the Ruth Landes Memorial Research Fund.

Identifier:

NAA.1991-04

See more items in:

Ruth Landes papers

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-1991-04

Creator:

Rinehart, F. A. (Frank A.)  Search this

Muhr, Adolph F., -1913  Search this

Jackson, William Henry, 1843-1942  Search this

Rau, William Herman, 1855-1920  Search this

Heyn & Matzen  Search this

Extent:

56 Photographic prints

Culture:

Oglala Lakota (Oglala Sioux)  Search this

Kiowa  Search this

Inunaina (Arapaho)  Search this

Chiricahua Apache  Search this

Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this

Ute  Search this

Piipaash (Maricopa)  Search this

Lakota (Teton/Western Sioux)  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

Omaha  Search this

Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke)  Search this

Sicangu Lakota (Brulé Sioux)  Search this

Salish (Flathead)  Search this

Wichita  Search this

San Carlos Apache  Search this

Jicarilla Apache  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Photographic prints

Photograph albums

Photographs

Date:

1898-1901

Summary:

This collection contains 44 photographs in a photo album and 12 loose prints that depict American Indian leaders circa 1898 to 1901. The bulk of the photographs were shot at the Indian Congress of the Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition, 1898 and the Greater America Exposition, 1899, both held in Omaha, Nebraska.

Scope and Contents:

This collection contains 44 photographs in a photo album and 12 loose prints that depict American Indian leaders circa 1898 to 1901. The bulk of the photographs depict photographic portraits and scenes of sham battles shot at the Indian Congress of the Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition in Omaha, Nebraska, from June 1 to October 31, 1898. Frank A. Rinehart (ca. 1862-1928) and his assistant Adolph F. Muhr were the official photographers. During the Indian Congress they photographed more than 500 individuals and groups representing the estimated thirty-six tribes represented at the Exposition. Rinehart shot the majority of the outdoor battles, dance scenes, and events, while Muhr photographed the majority of the delegate portraits. Rinehart copyrighted the photographs under his own name in 1899 and 1900.

Other photographs in this collection are photographic portraits of American Indian leaders that were photographed by Herman Heyn and James Matzen at the Greater America Exposition in Omaha in 1899. Heyn copyrighted the photographs under his own name in 1899.

Finally, the collection also contains 7 loose photomechanical prints depicting portraits by photographer William Henry Jackson. These prints were colorized and published under Jackson's company the Detroit Photographic Co. Other loose color photomechanical prints include portraits shot by photographer William H. Rau (1855-1920) for the Chicago Inter-Ocean Newspaper in 1901.

The photograph titles were assigned by the photographers.

Arrangement:

The photographs in the album are in original order. The loose prints are organized into 3 folders.

Biographical / Historical:

Byron Harvey, III (1932-2005) was an anthropologist and collector specializing in southwestern American Indian tribes. He was the great-grandson of Frederick Harvey, best known as the founder of the Fred Harvey Company that ran a successful chain of gift shops, restaurants, and hotels known as Harvey Houses. The Company also amassed a collection of American Indian art and sold many collections to museums including the Museum of the American Indian (NMAI's predecessor museum).

The Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition World's Fair was held in Omaha, Nebraska from June 1 to October 1898. Over 500 Indian delegates from over thirty-five different tribes were present at the Fair. James Mooney (Bureau of Ethnology) and Captain William A. Mercer organized and managed the Indian Congress in conjunction with the Exposition. It included "living exhibitions," with mock Indian villages and demonstrations of dances, daily activities, and sham battles.

The official photographer of the U.S. Indian Congress was Frank A. Rinehart (ca. 1862-1928) with his assistant Adolph F. Muhr (ca. 1858-1913). The Rinehart and Muhr photographs are considered one of the most comprehensive photo documentations of American Indian leaders at the turn of the century.

After the Trans-Mississippi Exposition ended, the Greater America Exposition opened on the same fair grounds from July 1, 1899 to October 31, 1899. Herman Heyn and James Matzen won the contract to be the official photographer of the new Exposition. This Exposition featured many of the same buildings and set up as the Trans-Mississippi Exposition of the previous year.

Related Materials:

The Haskell Indian Nations University in Lawrence, Kansas has a large collection of Frank Rinehart photographs from U.S. Indian Congress of the Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition, including the original glass plate negatives.

The National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center also holds other photographs shot by Rinehart and Muhr at Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition, including collection NMAI.AC.118.

Provenance:

Donated by Byron Harvey, III in 1966.

Restrictions:

Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).

Rights:

Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not modified in any way, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian. For more information please see the Smithsonian's Terms of Use and NMAI Archive Center's Digital Image request website.

Topic:

Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition (1898 : Omaha, Neb.) -- Photographs  Search this

Greater America Exposition (1899 : Omaha, Neb.)  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photograph albums

Photographs

Citation:

Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Byron Harvey, III Collection of Exposition and Portrait photographs, P#####; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NMAI.AC.119

See more items in:

Byron Harvey, III Collection of Exposition and Portrait photographs

Archival Repository:

National Museum of the American Indian

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-119

Creator:

Rinehart, F. A. (Frank A.)  Search this

Muhr, Adolph F., -1913  Search this

Extent:

0.25 Linear feet

18 Photographic prints

Culture:

Chiricahua Apache  Search this

Pikuni Blackfeet (Piegan)  Search this

Southern Inunaina (Arapaho)  Search this

Hunkpapa Lakota (Hunkpapa Sioux)  Search this

Oglala Lakota (Oglala Sioux)  Search this

Southern Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this

Niitsitapii (Blackfoot/Blackfeet)  Search this

Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke)  Search this

Sicangu Lakota (Brulé Sioux)  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Photographic prints

Photographs

Photograph albums

Date:

1898

Summary:

This photograph album contains 18 photographic portraits of American Indian delegates at the U.S. Indian Congress of the Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition in Omaha, Nebraska, 1898. Frank A. Rinehart and Adolph F. Muhr's photographs of the Exposition are considered one of the most comprehensive photo documentations of American Indian leaders at the turn of the century.

Scope and Contents:

This collection contains 18 photographs arranged in an album. The photographs depict portraits of American Indians delegates at the U.S. Indian Congress of the Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition held in Omaha, Nebraska, between June 1 and October 31, 1898. During the Congress, Frank A. Rinehart (ca. 1862-1928) and/or his assistant Adolph F. Muhr (ca. 1858-1913) photographed more than 500 delegates and groups representing the estimated thirty-five tribes represented at the Exposition.

The photographs that Rinehart and Muhr shot during the Exposition depict the largest gathering of American Indian leaders at the turn of the century. This collection contains only 18 of the hundreds of photographs that Rinehart and Muhr shot at the event.

The photographers assigned the photograph titles.

Biographical / Historical:

The Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition World's Fair was held in Omaha, Nebraska from June 1 to October 1898. Over 500 Indian delegates from over thirty-five different tribes were present at the Fair.

James Mooney (Bureau of Ethnology) and Captain William A. Mercer organized and managed the Indian Congress in conjunction with the Exposition. It included "living exhibitions," with mock Indian villages and demonstrations of dances, daily activities, and sham battles.

The official photographer of the U.S. Indian Congress was Frank A. Rinehart (ca. 1862-1928) with his assistant Adolph F. Muhr (ca. 1858-1913). Rinehart shot the majority of the outdoor battles, dance scenes, and events, while Muhr photographed the majority of the delegate portraits. Rinehart copyrighted the photographs under his own name in 1899 and 1900. The Rinehart and Muhr photographs are considered one of the most comprehensive photo documentations of American Indian leaders at the turn of the century.

Related Materials:

The Haskell Indian Nations University in Lawrence, Kansas has a large collection of Frank Rinehart photographs from U.S. Indian Congress of the Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition, including the original glass plate negatives.

The National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center also holds other photographs shot by Rinehart and Muhr at Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition, including collection NMAI.AC.119.

Provenance:

Donated by Margaret Cross in 2001.

Restrictions:

Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).

Rights:

Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not modified in any way, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian. For more information please see the Smithsonian's Terms of Use and NMAI Archive Center's Digital Image request website.

Topic:

Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition (1898 : Omaha, Neb.) -- Photographs  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Photograph albums

Citation:

Identification of specific item; Date (if known); U.S. Indian Congress of the Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition photograph album, Photo Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NMAI.AC.118

See more items in:

U.S. Indian Congress of the Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition photograph album

Archival Repository:

National Museum of the American Indian

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-118

Photographer:

Reed, Roland, 1864-1934  Search this

Rinehart, F. A. (Frank A.)  Search this

Muhr, Adolph F., -1913  Search this

Extent:

43 Photographic prints

0.25 Linear feet

Culture:

Sicangu Lakota (Brulé Sioux)  Search this

Oglala Lakota (Oglala Sioux)  Search this

Inunaina (Arapaho)  Search this

Southern Inunaina (Arapaho)  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke)  Search this

Oto  Search this

Kitchai Wichita  Search this

Tonkawa  Search this

Salish (Flathead)  Search this

K'apovi (Santa Clara Pueblo)  Search this

San Carlos Apache  Search this

Chiricahua Apache  Search this

Plains Apache (Kiowa Apache)  Search this

Anishinaabe (Chippewa/Ojibwa)  Search this

Pikuni Blackfeet (Piegan)  Search this

Northern Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this

Kainai Blackfoot (Kainah/Blood)  Search this

Diné (Navajo)  Search this

Hopi Pueblo  Search this

Oglala Lakota [Pine Ridge]  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Photographic prints

Date:

1882-1913

Summary:

This collection consists of 43 photographic prints of Native American peoples from throughout North America. Dating from 1882 to 1913, the images in this collection document a variety of Native American communities and events, including the U.S. Indian Congress which took place at the 1898 Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition in Omaha, Nebraska. Photographers include Frank A. Rinehart, Adolph F. Muhr, and Roland W. Reed, as well as a series of images by an unknown photographer who also documented American Indian life.

Scope and Contents:

The Frank A. Rinehart and Roland W. Reed photograph collection consists of 43 photographic prints of Native American peoples at the turn of the twentieth century. Dating from 1882 to 1913, the images in this collection document a variety of Native American communities and events, including the U.S. Indian Congress which took place at the 1898 Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition in Omaha, Nebraska. This exposition, also referred to as the 1898 World's Fair, was held in Omaha, Nebraska from June through October, 1898. Attending the U.S. Indian Congress at the fair were over 500 American Indian delegates representing more than 35 Native communities from throughout the United States.

In addition to the Rinehart and Muhr 1898 photographs are also a number of staged portrait images created by Roland W. Reed in the early decades of the twentieth century. Traveling throughout the U.S. West and Canada, Reed photographed Native communities ranging from Minnesota to Montana and Canada, and extending to Arizona in the Southwest U.S.

This collection also consists of 18 photographs contemporary to those of Rinehart and Reed, dating approximately 1882 – 1904. The photographer(s) of these images is unknown. Although specific communities are not identified, many images appear to portray Northern Plains and Central Plains American Indian peoples.

Arrangement:

This collection is arranged into three series, organized by photographer, and then regionally by location or culture group. Series 1: Frank A. Rinehart photographs, Series 2: Roland W. Reed photographs, Series 3: Unknown photographer

Biographical / Historical:

Frank A. Rinehart (ca. 1862-1928) was born in Illinois, opened a photography studio in Omaha, Nebraska in 1885 or 1886, and is best known for his work as the official photographer of the 1898 Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition in Omaha. In addition to portrait photographs of Native American delegates attending the U.S. Indian Congress of 1898, Rinehart as official exposition photographer also documented the broader exhibits and events that took place at the 1898 Omaha World's Fair.

Adolph R. Muhr (ca. 1858-1913) worked as Frank A. Rinehart's assistant at the 1898 Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition, creating a photographic record of the events and attendees. While Rinehart documented many of the outdoor sham-battles, dance scenes, and other events related to the U.S. Indian Congress, Muhr was responsible for the majority of the posed delegate portraits. Muhr in later years worked with photographer Edward S. Curtis in Seattle, until Muhr's death in 1913.

Roland W. Reed (1864-1934) was born in Wisconsin, and is best known for traveling widely throughout the western United States and Canada, photographing Native American communities. Having apprenticed with photographer Daniel Dutro in 1890s Montana, Reed later ran photography studios in both Ortonville and Bemidji, Minnesota in the early 1900s. Over the next few decades he continued to document the lives and cultures of Native peoples, opening photography studios in Kalispell, Montana in 1909, and later in San Diego, California in 1915. Many of Reed's photographs are clearly staged, representing romanticized and stereotyped images of what Reed believed Native American life to be. He died in Colorado in 1934.

Related Materials:

The NMAI Archive Center collections also include an album of 18 photographic prints of Frank A. Rinehart's U.S. Indian Congress images: U.S. Indian Congress of the Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition photograph album, NMAI.AC.118.

Provenance:

This collection was donated by the Dakota County Historical Society, South St. Paul, MN, in 2013.

Restrictions:

Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).

Rights:

Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not modified in any way, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian. For more information please see the Smithsonian's Terms of Use and NMAI Archive Center's Digital Image request website.

Topic:

Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition (1898 : Omaha, Neb.) -- Photographs  Search this

Photographs  Search this

Citation:

Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Frank A. Rinehart and Roland W. Reed photograph collection, NMAI.AC.289; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NMAI.AC.289

See more items in:

Frank A. Rinehart and Roland W. Reed photograph collection

Archival Repository:

National Museum of the American Indian

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-289

Photographer:

Goff, O. S. (Orlando Scott), 1843-1917  Search this

Collection Creator:

Imhof, Joseph, 1871-1955  Search this

Collection Photographer:

Rinehart, F. A. (Frank A.)  Search this

Goff, O. S. (Orlando Scott), 1843-1917  Search this

Extent:

41 Glass plate negatives

41 Copy negatives

Container:

Box 54-2 (glass plate negatives)

Box 15 (glass plate negatives)

Box 16 (glass plate negatives)

Box 17 (glass plate negatives)

Box B2 (glass plate negatives)

Box B13

Culture:

Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke)  Search this

Type:

Archival materials

Negatives

Glass plate negatives

Copy negatives

Date:

approximately 1894

Scope and Contents:

N19321-N19330, N19332-N19342, N19347-N19366

These negatives were originally cataloged as "Blackfoot" but it has since been determined that the photographs were shot among the Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke) community. Further research has led to the likelihood that the negatives were made by Orlando Scott (O. S.) Goff around 1894. Goff, a prominent Western photographer in his time traveled between Forts Custer and Assiniboine in Montana during the late 1880s and 1890s. In 1894 Goff accompanied the 10th Cavalry, stationed at Fort Custer, on a camping trip that took them through the Crow Reservation.

The photographs in this subseries include images of Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke) encampments and horses along the Bighorn river; portraits of Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke) men, women and children including Chiefs Medicine Crow, Plenty Coups and Bell Rock; and a series of photographs at a dance outdoors, possibly a 4th of July celebration. There is also a photograph of an officer of the 10th cavalry, likely shot at Fort Custer.

Related Materials:

There are photographic prints in the Bud Lake and Randy Brewer Crow Indian Photograph Collection (Lot 035) at the Montana Historical Society that appear to have been made by O.S. Goff at the same time. These were part of a scrapbook labeled "taken on a camping trip of 10th Cav. from Ft. Custer, Montana, 1894-95," and kept by William Henry Hay.

Collection Restrictions:

Access to NMAI Archives Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).

Collection Rights:

Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not modified in any way, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian. For more information please see the Smithsonian's Terms of Use and NMAI Archive Center's Digital Image request website.

Collection Citation:

Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Joseph A. Imhof photograph collection, image #, NMAI.AC.142; National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NMAI.AC.142, Subseries 1.3

See more items in:

Joseph A. Imhof photograph collection

Joseph A. Imhof photograph collection / Series 1: Glass Plate Negatives

Archival Repository:

National Museum of the American Indian

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmai-ac-142-ref3

Creator:

Starr, Frederick, 1859-1933  Search this

Photographer:

Lang, Charles B.  Search this

Grabic, Louis  Search this

Extent:

152 Lantern slides

3344 Negatives (photographic)

Culture:

Zoque  Search this

San Felipe Pueblo  Search this

Mazatec [Huautla]  Search this

Zapotec  Search this

Maya  Search this

Wampanoag  Search this

Salish (Flathead)  Search this

Mazahua  Search this

Ute  Search this

Sioux  Search this

Numakiki (Mandan)  Search this

Tzotzil Maya  Search this

Taos Pueblo  Search this

Tzeltal Maya  Search this

Sac and Fox (Sauk & Fox)  Search this

Laguna Pueblo  Search this

Triqui (Trique) [San Joan Copala]  Search this

Shuar  Search this

Nimi'ipuu (Nez Perce)  Search this

Chol Maya  Search this

Totonac  Search this

Osage  Search this

Chaticks Si Chaticks (Pawnee)  Search this

Tonkawa  Search this

Otomí (Otomi)  Search this

Diné (Navajo)  Search this

Tlingit  Search this

Mixe  Search this

Chinantec  Search this

Mixtec  Search this

Potawatomi  Search this

Chibcha  Search this

Akimel O'odham (Pima)  Search this

Mehináku (Mehinacu)  Search this

Salish (Flathead)  Search this

Apache  Search this

Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this

Ponca  Search this

Menominee (Menomini)  Search this

Cahuilla  Search this

Haida  Search this

Karajá (Caraja)  Search this

Cherokee  Search this

Sahnish (Arikara)  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke)  Search this

Caddo  Search this

Kwakwaka'wakw (Kwakiutl)  Search this

Cochiti Pueblo  Search this

Teotihuacán (archaeological culture)  Search this

Isleta Pueblo  Search this

Purepecha (Tarasco)  Search this

Inunaina (Arapaho)  Search this

Iroquois  Search this

Anishinaabe (Chippewa/Ojibwa)  Search this

A:shiwi (Zuni)  Search this

Acoma Pueblo  Search this

Macushi (Macusi)  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Lantern slides

Negatives (photographic)

Negatives

Place:

Colombia

Washington

West Virginia

Kansas

Kentucky

New Mexico

Brazil

Ecuador

Missouri

Wisconsin

Oklahoma

Ohio

New York

Georgia

Mexico

Iowa

Arkansas

Illinois

Pennsylvania

Alaska

Date:

1894-1910

Summary:

The collection includes materials from cultures in the United States, Mexico, Brazil, Guatemala, Colombia, Ecuador, and Guiana: Acoma Pueblo, Apache, Arapaho, Arikara, Assiniboine, Caddo, Cahuilla, Cherokee, Cheyenne, Chibcha, Chinantec, Chippewa (Ojibwa), Choco, Chol, Chontal, Cochiti Pueblo, Crow, Cuicatec, Eskimo, Flathead, Haida, Hopi, Huastec, Huave, Iowa, Iroquois, Isleta, Karaja, Kwakiutl, Laguna Pueblo, Macusi, Mandan, Maya, Mazahua, Mazatec, Mehinaku, Menomini, Mixe, Mixtec, Navajo, Nez Perce, Osage, Otomi, Ottawa, Pawnee, Pima, Ponca, Potawatomi, Salish, San Blas, San Felipe Pueblo, Sauk & Fox, Shuar, Sioux, Taos Pueblo, Tarasco, Teotihuacan, Tepehua, Tlaxcala, Tlingit, Tonkawa, Totonac, Triqui, Tzental, Tzotzil, Ute, Wampanoag, Zapotec, Zoque, Zuni.

Arrangement note:

Collection arranged by item number.

Biographical/Historical note:

Frederick Starr was born in Auburn, New York, on September 2, 1858. He received a Ph.D. in biology in 1884 at Coe College, where he was later appointed professor of biology. Starr did postgraduate work in anthropology at Yale. In 1889 he was appointed head of Ethnology at the American Museum of Natural History, and in 1892 he was chosen by William Harper to organize the Anthropology Department at the new University of Chicago. Starr remained at the University until his retirement in 1923. Besides his field studies with various Indian tribes in the United States, Starr traveled to Mexico, Brazil, Colombia, Guatemala, Ecuador, Guiana, Japan, the Philippines, and Africa. He died in Tokyo, Japan, on August 14, 1933. Starr was the author of several books and scholarly articles.

General note:

Starr hired professional photographers Charles B. Lang and Louis Grabic to accompany him on his field trips. One lantern slide of Moses Ladd (Menomini) was taken by William H. Jackson.

Provenance:

Dr. Frederick Starr, Purchased, circa 1929

Restrictions:

Access restricted. Researchers should contact the staff of the NMAI Archives for an appointment to access the collection.

Topic:

Indians of South America -- Brazil  Search this

Indians of Mexico  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southwest  Search this

Indians of South America -- Colombia  Search this

Indians of North America -- Alaska  Search this

Indians of North America -- Basin  Search this

Indians of North America -- Plains  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southeast  Search this

Indians of North America -- Plateau  Search this

Indians of Central America -- Guatemala  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northwest  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northeast  Search this

Indians of North America -- Midwest  Search this

Indians of South America -- Ecuador  Search this

Indians of South America -- Guiana  Search this

Genre/Form:

Negatives

Lantern slides

Identifier:

NMAI.AC.052

Archival Repository:

National Museum of the American Indian

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-052

Creator:

Thomas, Jeff, 1956-  Search this

Extent:

5 Photographic prints (silver gelatin)

Culture:

Onondaga  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Photographic prints

Photographs

Place:

Ottawa (Ontario)

Date:

1982-1994

Summary:

The photographs include an image of Jack Moore, a Pima dancer, with the American flag painted on his face; a portrait of the dancer Kevin Haywahe (Assiniboine) wearing a wolf-hide and feather headdress with beaded sun wheel medallion and beaded appendage, elaborate face painting, pipe bead necklace and elaborately beaded breast ornament; an outdoor view of a young boy posed beside grafitti that reads "Cultural Revolution"; a young man standing in front of a grain elevator and wearing a t-shirt with an image of Christopher Columbus and the caption "Founder of the New World"; and a triptych documenting the urban Onondaga Iroquois experience in Ottawa, Ontario.

Arrangement note:

Prints: organized in folders; arranged numerically by image number

Biographical/Historical note:

Born in 1956 in the city of Buffalo, New York, Jeff Thomas identifies himself as an urban-Iroquois. His parents and grandparents were born on the Six Nations reserve, near Brantford, Ontario, and eventually left the reserve to find work in the city. It is this experience of an urban-Iroquois that has come to define his work; Thomas seeks to re-contextualize commonly circulated historical images of First Nations people for a contemporary audience. In his words: "Ultimately, I want to dismantle long entrenched stereotypes and inappropriate caricatures of First Nations people."

Thomas was the subject of a solo exhibition, Jeff Thomas: A Study of Indian-ness, circulated by Gallery 44 Centre for Contemporary Photography (Toronto), which travelled to galleries across the country. In 2008, his work was also featured in a survey exhibition, Drive By: A Road Trip with Jeff Thomas, at the University of Toronto Art Centre, and his work can be found in the collections of the Canadian Museum of Civilization, the Indian Art Centre (Ottawa), Museum of the American Indian (Washington, D.C.), Musée de l'Elysée (Lausanne, Switzerland), Museum der Weltkulturen (Frankfurt, Germany), Princeton University (Princeton, New Jersey), The British Museum (London, U.K.) and The Ottawa Art Gallery. In 1998, he was awarded the Canada Council's prestigious Duke and Duchess of York Award in Photography and in 2008 he received the Karsh Award in photography.

Restrictions:

Researchers must contact the NMAI Archives for an appointment to access the collection. Contact information below.

Rights:

Copyright: National Museum of the American Indian.

Topic:

Pima Indians  Search this

Assiniboine Indians  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs -- Silver gelatin prints

Photographs

Citation:

Jeff Thomas photographs, 1982-1994, National Museum of the American Indian Archives, Smithsonian Institution (negative, slide or catalog number).

Identifier:

NMAI.AC.055

Archival Repository:

National Museum of the American Indian

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-055

Creator:

Pulford, Florence  Search this

Names:

Jackson, Almira, 1917-2004  Search this

Extent:

722 Photographic prints

458 Slides (photographs)

2580 Negatives (photographic)

65 Sound cassettes

Culture:

Hunkpapa Lakota (Hunkpapa Sioux)  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

A'aninin (Gros Ventre)  Search this

Numakiki (Mandan)  Search this

Minitari (Hidatsa)  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Photographic prints

Slides (photographs)

Negatives (photographic)

Sound cassettes

Photographs

Slides

Audiocassettes

Negatives

Place:

Standing Rock Indian Reservation (N.D. and S.D.)

Fort Berthold Indian Reservation (N.D.)

Fort Peck Indian Reservation (Mont.)

Rocky Boy's Reservation (Mont.)

Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (Mont.)

Fort Yates (N.D.)

Date:

1993

1968-1989

undated

Summary:

The Florence Pulford collection includes both audio recordings and photographs that were made during the twenty years Pulford worked among Native American quilt makers in the 1970's and 1980's from Montana and the Dakotas. Quilt makers featured in this collection include; Ella First Kill Brown, Frances Weasel Woman Fox, Artie Crazy Bull, Almira Buffalo Bone Jackson and Regina Brave Bull.

Scope and Contents:

The Florence Pulford collection includes both audio recordings and photographs that were made during the twenty years Pulford worked among Native American quilt makers from Montana and the Dakotas. The bulk of the audio recordings, comprising of 65 audiocassettes, are interviews Pulford conducted with Native quilt makers on the Fort Peck and Fort Belknap reservations. Many of the interviews are with quiltmaker Almira Buffalo Bone Jackson and artisan Juanita Tucker. Topics range from the craft of quilt making to life and politics on the reservation. The photographs, which include negatives, slides and prints, contain images of quilts and quilt makers from the Fort Belknap, Fort Berthold, Fort Peck, Rocky Boys and Standing Rock reservations. Quilt makers include; Ella First Kill Brown, Frances Weasel Woman Fox, Artie Crazy Bull, Almira Buffalo Bone Jackson and Regina Brave Bull. Although the majority of the photographs depict quilts or quilt making, there are images of various landscapes and events Pulford visited as well as photographs of Pulford herself.

Arrangement:

This collection has been arranged into two series, Series 1:Audiocassettes, 1978-1985, and Series 2:Photographs, 1968-1989. Series 2 is then divided into six subseries; Subseries 2a: Fort Belknap Reservation, Subseries 2b: Fort Berthold Reservation, Subseries 2c: Fort Peck Reservation, Subseries 2d: Rocky Boys Reservation, Subseries 2e: Standing Rock (Fort Yates) Reservation, Subseries 2f: Unidentified and Other.

Biographical / Historical:

Florence Pulford, nee Atwood, was born in Idaho in 1923. Pulford eventually settled in California with her husband and daughters and frequented Bar 717, a camp and working ranch, located in the Trinity Mountains of Northern California. It was while working as the director of the arts and crafts program at the Bar 717 camp when she first became acquainted with Frank Ereaux (Gros Ventre) and his family in 1968. Ereaux who had been working with horses on the ranch, invited Pulford to visit his family on the Fort Belknap reservation in Montana. During this visit Pulford received a quilt as a gift which launched a life-long interest in the quilts of the Plains tribes. Pulford began buying fabric and materials in California to send back to Native artisans in Fort Belknap, Fort Peck and other Montana reservations. Eventually Pulford built relationships with quilters that spanned into North and South Dakota reservations including Fort Berthold and Standing Rock (Fort Yates). In addition to purchasing quilts, Pulford would often snap pictures and record audio interviews about life on the reservation. Pulford would also sell quilts, using the proceeds to buy more fabrics and sending the remaining profits to the quilters. Pulford became very friendly with several quilters but developed a particularly close relationship with Almira Buffalo Bone Jackson, a member of the Red Bottom band of the Fort Peck Assiniboine, and prolific quilter. Almira and Florence kept up a strong correspondence up until Florence's death in 1989 and the age of 65.

In addition to visiting and working with Native quilters, Pulford gave lectures and put together exhibitions on Native American quilt work in Montana and the Dakotas at major museums and universities. Pulford's book, Morning Star Quilts, was published in 1989 by Leone Publishing with assistance from Diana Leone. The book illustrates the work of individual quilt makers as well as highlights the cultural and ceremonial significance of quilts among the Plains peoples. Following Pulford's death, daughters Ann Wilson and Sarah Zweng offered their mothers quilt collection, as well as supporting photographs and audio recordings, to the National Museum of the American Indian. The collection was acquired by NMAI in 2007.

Separated Materials:

Florence Pulford's quilt collection is now a part of NMAI's Modern and Contemporary Arts collection with catalog numbers 26/6034-26/6391. For access and information about these quilts please contact NMAICollections@si.edu.

Provenance:

This collection was donated by Ann Pulford Wilson and Sarah Pulford Zweng, daughters to Florence Pulford, in 2007.

Restrictions:

Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).

Rights:

Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.

Topic:

Indian quiltmakers -- Interviews  Search this

Indians of North America -- Montana -- Social life and customs  Search this

Indian quilts -- Photographs  Search this

Indians of North America -- North Dakota -- Social life and customs.  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Slides

Audiocassettes

Negatives

Citation:

Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Florence Pulford collection, Box and Folder Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NMAI.AC.027

See more items in:

Florence Pulford collection

Archival Repository:

National Museum of the American Indian

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-027

Correspondent:

Paul, William L. Jr  Search this

Creator:

Curry, James E., 1907-1972  Search this

Names:

Rosebud Sioux Tribe  Search this

Three Affiliated Tribes  Search this

United States. Bureau of Indian Affairs  Search this

Bingham, Jonathan  Search this

Cohen, Felix  Search this

Cohen, Henry  Search this

Extent:

121.7 Linear feet

Culture:

Potawatomi  Search this

Muckleshoot  Search this

Nooksack  Search this

Missouria (Missouri)  Search this

Kalispel (Pend d'Oreilles)  Search this

Coeur d'Alene  Search this

Sac and Fox (Sauk & Fox)  Search this

Haida [Kasaan]  Search this

Salish (Flathead)  Search this

Kiowa  Search this

Yuit (Siberian Yup'ik) [Gambell, St. Lawrence Island]  Search this

Hunkpapa Lakota [Standing Rock]  Search this

Sicangu Lakota (Brulé Sioux)  Search this

Wahpetonwan Dakota [Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux Tribe]  Search this

Mdewakantonwan Dakota [Flandreau]  Search this

Diné (Navajo)  Search this

Yavapai [Fort McDowell]  Search this

Mojave (Mohave)  Search this

Piipaash (Maricopa)  Search this

Iroquois  Search this

Wendat (Huron)  Search this

Hopi Pueblo  Search this

Santa Ana Pueblo  Search this

Cocopa  Search this

San Ildefonso Pueblo  Search this

Akimel O'odham (Pima)  Search this

San Felipe Pueblo  Search this

Tohono O'odham (Papago)  Search this

Paiute  Search this

Wesort  Search this

Tillamook  Search this

Nisga'a (Niska)  Search this

Stockbridge Mahican  Search this

Quinault  Search this

Lummi  Search this

Hualapai (Walapai)  Search this

Taos Pueblo  Search this

Tesuque Pueblo  Search this

Eastern Shawnee [Quapaw Agency, Oklahoma]  Search this

Shoshone  Search this

Sandia Pueblo  Search this

Seminole  Search this

Cheyenne River Lakota Sioux  Search this

Coeur d'Alene  Search this

Croatan  Search this

Choctaw  Search this

Cocopa  Search this

Chickahominy  Search this

Lake Superior Chippewa [Lac Courte Oreilles, Wisconsin]  Search this

Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this

K'apovi (Santa Clara Pueblo)  Search this

Alaskan Eskimo  Search this

Unangan (Aleut)  Search this

Chiricahua Apache [Fort Sill, Oklahoma]  Search this

San Carlos Apache  Search this

Inunaina (Arapaho)  Search this

Sioux [Crow Creek]  Search this

Quechan (Yuma/Cuchan)  Search this

Isleta Pueblo  Search this

Caddo  Search this

Ho-Chunk (Winnebago)  Search this

Yavapai  Search this

Sauk  Search this

Washoe (Washo)  Search this

Nimi'ipuu (Nez Perce)  Search this

Seneca  Search this

Omaha  Search this

Menominee (Menomini)  Search this

Niuam (Comanche)  Search this

Seri  Search this

Zia Pueblo  Search this

Yoeme (Yaqui)  Search this

Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke)  Search this

Catawba  Search this

Muskogee (Creek)  Search this

Numakiki (Mandan)  Search this

Minitari (Hidatsa)  Search this

Sahnish (Arikara)  Search this

Osage  Search this

Chickasaw  Search this

Umatilla  Search this

Kaw (Kansa)  Search this

Tsimshian [Metlakatla]  Search this

Tlingit  Search this

Ute  Search this

Laguna Pueblo  Search this

Jemez Pueblo  Search this

Havasupai (Coconino)  Search this

Kootenai (Kutenai) [Idaho]  Search this

Klamath  Search this

Kickapoo [Oklahoma]  Search this

Oto  Search this

Spokan  Search this

Yakama (Yakima)  Search this

A:shiwi (Zuni)  Search this

Ohkay Owingeh (San Juan Pueblo)  Search this

Cochiti Pueblo  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Notes

Letters

Clippings

Legal documents

Place:

Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians of North Carolina

Date:

1932-1958

Summary:

These are the papers of Washington, D.C. attorney James E. Curry, whose legal career included work both as a government attorney and in his own private practice. The bulk of the papers reflect his private practice in the area of Indian affairs.

Scope and Contents:

The material in the collection includes documents relating to many aspects of Curry's career but most of it relates to his work with Indian tribes and the National Congress of American Indians. For the most, the collection is made up of such materials as letters exchanged with government officials, Indians, and other attorneys; copies of legal documents; published government documents; notes; and clippings and other printed materials. Of particular significance is a subject file relating to Indian affairs. It includes material concerning affairs of Alaskan natives and the Aleut (Akutan, Pribilof Islands), Apache (including Fort Sill, Jicarilla, Mescalero, San Carlos White Mountain), Arapaho (Southern), Assiniboine (Fort Belknap, Fort Peck), Bannock (including Fort Hall), Blackfeet, Caddo, Catawba, Cherokee (Eastern), Cheyenne (Northern, Southern), Chickahominy, Chickasaw, Chippewa (including Lac Courte Oreilles), Choctaw, Cochiti, Cocopa, Coeur d'Alene, Colville, Comanche, Creek, Croatan, Crow, Dakota (Big Foot, Cheyenne River, Crow Creek, Devil's Lake, Flandreau, Fort Totten, Lower Brule, Mdewakanton, Oglala, Rosebud, Santee, Sisseton-Wahpeton, Standing Rock, Yankton), Delaware, Eskimo (including Gambell, Kiana), Flathead, Fox, Haida (including Kasaan), Havasupai, Hopi, Iroquois (Caughnawaga, Seneca, St. Regis), Isleta, Jemez, Kalilspel, Kansa (Kaw), Kickapoo, Kiowa, Klamath, Kutenai, Laguna, Lummi, Maricopa (Gila River, Salt River), Menominee, Missouria, Mohave (Fort Mohave), Mohave Apache (Fort McDowell), Muckleshoot, Navaho, Nez Perce, Niska, Nooksak, Omaha, Osage, Oto, Papago, Paiute (Fallon, Fort McDermitt), Moapa, Pyramid Lake, Shivwits, Walker River, Yerington), Pima (Gila River, Salt River), Potowatomi, Quinaielt, San Felipe, San Ildefonso, San Juan, Santa Ana, Santa Clara, Sandia, Sauk, Seminole (Florida, Oklahoma), Seneca, Seri, Shawnee (Eastern), Shoshoni (including Fort Hall), Sia, Spokan, Stockbridge, Taos (Pyote clan), Tesuque, Three Affiliated Tribes (Mandan, Arikara, and Hidatsa), Tillamook, Tlingit (including Angoon, Craig, Juneau, Kake, Ketchikan, Klawak, Klukwan, Taku, Wrangell), Tsimshian (Metlakatla), Umatilla, Ute (including Uintah-Ouray), Walapai, Washo, Wesort, Winnebago, Wyandot, Yakima, Yaqui, Yavapai, Yuma, and Zuni. There are also materials relating to Curry's work with the Bureau of Indian Affairs and National Congress of American Indians, and material that reflects his interest in conditions and events in given locations (often filed by state) and in organizations with interest in Indians. The material relating to Curry's work in Puerto Rico has been deposited in the Archivo General de Puerto Rico, Instituto de Cultura Puertorriquena, in San Juan.

Arrangement note:

The James E. Curry Papershave been arranged into 6 series: (1) Daily Chronological Files, 1941-1955; (2) Subject Files Regarding Indian Affairs, bulk 1935-1955; (3) Miscellaneous Files Regarding Indian Affairs, bulk 1947-1953; (4) Non-Indian Affairs, n.d.; (5) Puerto Rico Work, 1941-1947; (6) Miscellany, undated.

Biographical/Historical note:

James E. Curry was trained in law in Chicago and practiced in that city from 1930 until 1936, serving part of that time as secretary of the local branch of the American Civil Liberties Union. From 1936 to 1938, he was an attorney with the United States Department of the Interior Bureau of Indian Affairs, being largely involved with matters of credit affecting Indians. From 1938 to 1942, he continued service with the Interior Department but worked in several capacities involving the Puerto Rico Reconstruction Administration, the department's Consumers' Counsel Division, and the Puerto Rico Water Resources Authority.

In 1945, Curry returned to Washington and set up private practice, also maintaining for a time an office in Puerto Rico. In Washington, he became the attorney for the National Congress of American Indians and from that time until the 1950s his practice increasingly involved representation of American Indian tribes, mostly in claims against the federal government. In this work, for a time, he was involved in business relations with a New York Law firm that included Henry Cohen, Felix Cohen, and Jonathan Bingham.

He also often worked closely with lawyers who lived near the tribes he represented, William L. Paul, Jr., of Alaska, for example. This aspect of his practice--representing Indian tribes--was largely broken up during the early 1950s when the Commissioner of Indian Affairs began to use his powers to disapprove contracts between Curry and the tribes. In 1952 and 1953, his official relationship with the National Congress of American Indians was also ended. After this, while Curry continued until his death to act as a consultant in Indian claims with which he had earlier been involved, his career and life developed in a different direction.

Related Materials:

Additional material relating to James E. Curry can be found in the records of the National Congress of American Indians, also located at the National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center.

Provenance:

The Curry papers were originally donated to the National Anthropological Archives by James E. Curry's daughter Mrs. Aileen Curry-Cloonan in December 1973. In 2007 The Curry papers were transferred from the National Anthropological Archives to the National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center along with several other records concerning American Indian law and political rights.

Restrictions:

Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu).

Rights:

Single photocopies may be made for research purposes. Permission to publish or broadbast materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiarchives@si.edu.

Genre/Form:

Notes

Letters

Clippings

Legal documents

Citation:

Identification of specific item; Date (if known); James E. Curry papers, Box and Folder Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NMAI.AC.015

See more items in:

James E. Curry papers

Archival Repository:

National Museum of the American Indian

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-015

Creator:

Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation  Search this

Source:

Miller, Kenneth C., 1901-1974  Search this

Names:

Cadzow, Donald A., 1894-1960  Search this

Keppler, Udo J., 1872-1956  Search this

Former owner:

Miller, Kenneth C., 1901-1974  Search this

Extent:

70 Negatives (photographic)

47 Photographic prints

Culture:

Plains Cree (Prairie Cree)  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

Apatohsipipiikani (Northern Piegan)  Search this

Seneca  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Negatives (photographic)

Photographic prints

Place:

Canada -- Saskatchewan

Date:

1926-1943

Summary:

Photographic negatives and prints shot by and collected Kenneth C. Miller between 1926 and 1943. Miller served as a field assistant to Donald Cadzow on a 1926 trip to Northwestern, Canada and was later hired as an MAI staff member between 1935 and 1943.

Scope and Contents:

This collection includes photographic prints and negatives shot by Kenneth C. Miller as well as photographs and postcards collected and donated to the museum by Miller dating between 1926 and 1943.

The majority of the photographic negatives in this collection are from a 1926 collecting trip with Donald Cadzow to the Canadian Northwest where Miller served as a field assistant. Cadzow was collecting on behalf of the MAI and had taken previous trips to the same area in 1924 and 1925. Cadzow and Miller visited various locations in Saskatchewan and Alberta, Canada collecting among the Plains Cree (Prairie Cree), Assiniboine (Stoney), and Apatohsipipiikani (Northern Piegan) among other communities. These photographs include images of Native community members posing for photographs as well as images of the expedition members, such as Donald Cadzow. Some of these photographs are restricted due to cultural sensitivity. (N13144 - N13150, N23001 - N23047, P11460-P11462, P15351, P16103).

Photographs shot by Miller while he was an MAI staff member include: Negatives (N21568 - N21573) of a mahogany canoe found in an old mill near Brooklyn, NY in 1938; Negatives of Joseph Keppler in Rochester, New York in 1937 with a group of Seneca at an event in Ellison Park (N23115 - N23123); and photographic prints of MAI staff from 1938 (P13057-P13059).

Additional non-MAI photographs include: excavation photographs from the Seip Mound in Ohio in 1931 which was not an MAI sponsored excavation (P11944-P11948); 16 postcards donated by Miller in 1940 which are mostly images of objects from an Exhibition of Modern Art, held at the Museum of Modern Art (P15107 - P15120, P15174, P15205); other miscellaneous postcards and photographic prints from Florida, Michigan, Montana, Rhode Island, California (P13439-P13440, P15310 - P15317, P15323 - P15326, P15934-P15935, P16103, P16566, P21175).

Arrangement:

Arranged by catalog number.

Biographical / Historical:

Kenneth C. Miller (1901-1974) was born in New York in 1901. Miller joined the New York State National Guard in 1922 and eventually became a Major with the Seventh Regiment. In 1926, Miller accompanied Donald Cadzow as a field assistant on a collecting trip to Northwestern, Canada between May and September in 1926 sponsored by the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation (MAI). Cadzow and Miller visited 23 reserves in Saskatchewan and Alberta. In 1935 Miller was hired as a general staff member of the MAI from where he assisted with field collecting and photography until 1943. Miller later became the superintendent of the Washington's Headquarters Historical site in Newburgh, NY in 1956 and served as Vice President of the Historical Society of Newburgh Bay and Highlands. He also sat on the committee of the Hudson River Historical Museum.

Related Materials:

For more photograph from Miller's 1926 trip to Canada see the Donald Cadzow photograph collection (NMAI.AC.001.004).

Provenance:

The photographs in this collection were gifted by Kenneth C. Miller to the MAI in various donations between 1927 and 1943.

Restrictions:

Access to NMAI Archive Center collections is by appointment only, Monday - Thursday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment (phone: 301-238-1400, email: nmaiarchives@si.edu). Some photographs restricted due to cultural sensitivity.

Rights:

Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited users to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not changed, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian.

Topic:

Canada -- Alberta  Search this

Photographs  Search this

New York  Search this

Citation:

Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Kenneth C. Miller photograph collection, Item Number; National Museum of the American Indian Archive Center, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NMAI.AC.001.049

Archival Repository:

National Museum of the American Indian

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-001-049

Creator:

Dellenbaugh, Frederick Samuel, 1853-1935  Search this

Extent:

14 Negatives (photographic) (black and white)

486 Photographic prints (black and white, color)

1 Lantern slide (black and white)

Culture:

Seminole Indians  Search this

Ute  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Negatives (photographic)

Photographic prints

Lantern slides

Photographs

Black-and-white negatives

Place:

New Mexico

Arizona

Utah

Mesa Verde National Park (Colo.)

Colorado

Date:

circa 1861-1934

Summary:

Images in this collection were mostly taken by Frederick Dellenbaugh, William Henry Jackson, Alexander Gardner, John Wetherill, John K. Hillers, Edward O. Beaman, Charles Milton Bell and Frank Rinehart. Subjects include delegation portraits, images from the Hayden's and Powell's Geological and Geographical Surveys, cliff dwellings, landscape views, and images from the U.S. Indian Congress Trans-Mississippi and International Exposition in Omaha 1898.

Arrangement note:

Lantern slide: organized in envelopes; arranged by image number

Negatives: organized in envelopes; arranged by negative number

Prints: organized in folders; arranged by print number

Biographical/Historical note:

Frederick Samuel Dellenbaugh (1853--935) was an American explorer, artist and mapmaker, best known for his travels and descriptions of the Southwest. At the age of only 18, he was chosen to accompany the second Powell expedition down the Colorado River, serving as both artist and mapmaker. In 1899, Dellenbaugh was part of the Harriman Alaska Expedition.

Restrictions:

Access is by appointment only, Monday - Friday, 9:30 am - 4:30 pm. Please contact the archives to make an appointment.

Rights:

Restricted: Cultural Sensitivity

Topic:

Pawnee Indians  Search this

Zia Indians  Search this

Zuni Indians  Search this

Teton Indians  Search this

Crow Indians  Search this

Laguna Indians  Search this

Mohave Indians  Search this

Arapaho Indians  Search this

Assiniboine Indians  Search this

Navajo Indians  Search this

Creek Indians  Search this

Cheyenne Indians  Search this

Hopi Indians  Search this

Pueblo Indians  Search this

Paiute Indians  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Photographic prints

Black-and-white negatives

Lantern slides

Citation:

Frederick S. Dellenbaugh photographs, negatives and other material, circa 1861-1934, National Museum of the American Indian Archives, Smithsonian Institution (negative, slide or catalog number).

Identifier:

NMAI.AC.001.018

Archival Repository:

National Museum of the American Indian

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-001-018

Creator:

Cadzow, Donald A., 1894-1960  Search this

Cadzow, Daniel  Search this

Extent:

8 Photographic prints (black & white)

322 Negatives (photographic)

Culture:

Western Subarctic  Search this

Inuit (Canadian Eskimo)  Search this

Plains Cree (Prairie Cree)  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

Plains Ojibwa (Bungi)  Search this

Bush or Western Woods Cree  Search this

Copper Inuit (Copper Eskimo)  Search this

Deh Gah Got'ine (Slavey)  Search this

Denésoliné (Chipewyan)  Search this

Gwich'in (Kutchin)  Search this

Inuvialuit Inupiaq (Mackenzie Delta Eskimo)  Search this

Kainai Blackfoot (Kainah/Blood)  Search this

Kaska Dena  Search this

Pikuni (Piegan) [Blackfeet Nation, Browning, Montana]  Search this

T'atsaot'ine (Tatsanottine/Yellowknife)  Search this

Apatohsipipiikani (Northern Piegan) [Piikani Reserve, Brocket, Alberta]  Search this

Dunne-za (Beaver)  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Photographic prints

Negatives (photographic)

Negatives

Place:

Alaska

New Mexico

Alberta

Manitoba

Yukon

Northwest Territories

Saskatchewan

Date:

1882-1919

Summary:

Images are of the following tribes: Assiniboine, Beaver (Tsattine), Blackfoot (Piegan), Bungi (Older Ojibwa), Chippewa (Older Ojibwa), Cree (Bush, Prairie, Wood, Woodland), Eskimo, Eskimo (Copper River), Kainah (Blood), Loucheux (Gwich'in), Zuni, Slavey (Dene Thá), Yellowknife (Ahtena).

Biographical/Historical note:

Donald A. Cadzow worked on expeditions and archeological excavations for George Gustav Heye and the Museum of the American Indian from 1916 until 1927. Between 1917 and 1919, Cadzow, collected artifacts and archaeological materials from the Copper and Kogmollok Eskimo, the Loucheux, Slavey, and Woodland Cree of Alberta, Canada. In 1919, Cadzow assisted Alanson Skinner on an archeological excavation in Cayuga County, New York. Cadzow next worked with Mark Harrington: excavating a site on Staten Island, New York in 1920; on the Hawikku expedition to study Zuni Indian culture in McKinley County, New Mexico in 1921; and to Arkansas and Missouri in 1922. In 1924 and 1925 he conducted an expedition to a prehistoric Algonkian burial site on Frontenac Island, Cayuga Lake, in New York; traveled to the Bungi tribe in Portage la Prairie, Manitoba, and the Prairie Cree in Saskatchewan, Canada. He continued this work in 1926 again visiting the Prairie Cree and also the Bush Cree in Saskatchewan, the Assiniboin in Saskatchewan and Alberta; the Iroquois and the Northern Piegan (Blackfoot) in Alberta. In 1927, the last year that Cadzow worked for Heye, he assisted George P. Putnam on an expedition to Baffin Island and the Hudson Bay district to visit the Sikosuilarmiut, Akuliarmiut, and Quaumauangmiut Eskimos.Donald A. Cadzow, the son of Hugh and Nellie Cadzow, was born in Auburn, New York in 1894. In 1911, at the age of 17, he traveled to the far Canadian Northwest to live with his uncle Daniel Cadzow at the Rampart House, a Hudson Bay Company trading post on the Alaska-Yukon boundary line. After five years there, Cadzow returned to the United States. He began working for George Gustav Heye in the fall of 1916, but enlisted as seaman in the U.S.N.R.F. on January 20, 1918, only to be released from service on December 22 that same year. He returned to work for Heye at the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation on January 1, 1919, and worked there until 1928. In May of 1928 he took a job in the Bond Department of Lage & Co., a brokerage company in New York City. He was state archeologist for the Pennsylvania Historical Commission from circa 1929-39; and executive secretary from 1939-45. He was also treasurer of the Eastern States Archeological Federation from 1940-42. In 1945 he was named executive director of the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission and held the position until 1956. He died on February 9, 1960, in Pennsylvania. During his career Cadzow gave a number of lectures and radio talk programs, and published extensively in Indian Notes (Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, New York), for the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, in a variety of publications, and several books.

Restrictions:

Access restricted. Researchers should contact the staff of the NMAI Archives for an appointment to access the collection.

Genre/Form:

Negatives

Photographic prints

Identifier:

NMAI.AC.001.004

Archival Repository:

National Museum of the American Indian

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmai-ac-001-004

Collector:

Pohrt, Richard A.  Search this

Extent:

2 Copy prints

Culture:

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke)  Search this

A'aninin (Gros Ventre)  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Copy prints

Photographs

Date:

undated

Scope and Contents note:

Photographs collected by Richard A. Pohrt, including an image of a Crow man in warrior regalia on horseback, identified by Pohrt as being Spotted Jack Rabbit on the basis of comparison with Rinehart negative #782 (in Photo Lot 59), and an Assiniboin or Gros Ventre camp with two men and tipis.

Biographical/Historical note:

Richard A. Pohrt was a prolific collector of American Indian artifacts with his mentor Milford G. Chandler. The two met in Flint, Michigan, where Pohrt worked in the personnel department at A. C. Sparkplug and Chandler was an automotive engineer and gunsmith. The pair collected more than 4,000 objects created by Eastern Woodlands, Prairies, and Plains peoples, which prompted an exhibit and a book, both entitled "Art of the American Indian Frontier: The Collecting of Chandler and Pohrt."

Local Call Number(s):

NAA Photo Lot 93-15C

Location of Other Archival Materials:

Additional donations from Pohrt held in the National Anthropological Archives in MS 4508, MS 4703, MS 4574, MS 99-44, MS 1999-24, and copies in the BAE historical negatives.

The Flint Institute of the Arts holds the Chandler-Pohrt Collection of artifacts.

Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use and access.

Topic:

Horses  Search this

Tipis  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Citation:

Photo Lot 93-15C, Richard A. Pohrt photograph collection of Plains Indians, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.PhotoLot.93-15C

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-photolot-93-15c

Collector:

Brady, Ed  Search this

Publisher:

Keystone View Company  Search this

Pacific Photo Company (Salem, Or.)  Search this

Names:

Atkinson, James  Search this

Photographer:

Johnston  Search this

Moorhouse, Lee, 1850-1926  Search this

Potts, E.  Search this

Williams, G.F.  Search this

Extent:

1 Pamphlet

1 Stereograph (silver gelatin)

2 Color postcards

2 Color prints

3 Copy negatives

5 Copy prints

42 Prints (silver gelatin (some on postcard stock))

Culture:

Arctic peoples  Search this

Paloos Indians  Search this

Pueblo Indians  Search this

Umatilla Indians  Search this

Tewa Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Plateau  Search this

Eskimos  Search this

Dakota Indians  Search this

Tlakluit Indians  Search this

Taos Indians  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

American Indians -- Southwest  Search this

Nez Percé Indians  Search this

Omaha Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Pamphlets

Stereographs

Color postcards

Color prints

Copy negatives

Copy prints

Prints

Place:

Tesuque Pueblo (N.M.)

Date:

circa 1880-1950

Scope and Contents note:

Ed Brady's collection of photographs and postcards of American Indian camps, people, crafts, schools, and dances, as well as agency personnel at various reservations. A majority of the original prints are photographs by Lee Moorhouse, including images of American Indian dwellings, camps, Kate Drexel School, children in cradleboards, and formal and informal portraits. Additionally, there are photographs made by E. Potts at Tesuque Pueblo on November 12, 1924 during the feast day; images are mostly of Tewa Indians dancing the "Buffalo-Deer Dance."

The collection also includes a stereograph depicting Taos Indians in front of Taos Pueblo, as well as photographic postcards of Omaha men in Walthill, Nebraska, American Indians at a camp in Idaho, Indians at a camp near International Falls, Minnesota, a Navajo camp in Arizona, an elevated view of a camp with numerous tipis, possibly for a rodeo, two Alaskan Eskimo girls, and a reenactment of the Battle of Little Bighorn aftermath. There is also a pamphlet entitled "Old Travois Trails," from 1941, which was possibly originally collected by Dr. W. A. Russell, a doctor for the Fort Peck Agency.

Local Call Number(s):

NAA Photo Lot 90-8, NAA Photo Lot 81-39, NAA Photo Lot 89-28

Location of Other Archival Materials:

Photo Lot 81-39 has been relocated and merged with Photo Lot 90-8. These photographs were also collected by Ed Brady and form part of this collection.

Brady also donated Indian police badges to the Department of Anthropology in accessions 343151 and 378681.

Additional photographs by Moorhouse can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in Photo Lot 78 and the BAE historical negatives.

The University of Oregon Special Collections holds a large collection of Lee Moorhouse photographs, 1888-1925 (PH036).

Additional photographs published by the Keystone View Company can be found in the National Anthropological Archives in MS 4551, Photo Lot 140 and Photo Lot 90-1.

The University of Washington holds Ed Brady photographs of the Mount St. Helens Eruption (PH Coll 889).

Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Topic:

Schools  Search this

Dance  Search this

Infant carriers  Search this

Pottery  Search this

Sweatbaths  Search this

Dwellings  Search this

Citation:

Photo Lot 90-8, Ed Brady photograph collection of American Indians, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.PhotoLot.90-8

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-photolot-90-8

Collector:

Tilton, Willis G.  Search this

Names:

Field Museum of Natural History  Search this

Big Foot, -1890  Search this

Geronimo, 1829-1909  Search this

Photographer:

Dorsey, George A. (George Amos), 1868-1931  Search this

Gutekunst, Frederick, 1831-1917  Search this

Hall, E. E.  Search this

James, George Wharton, 1858-1923  Search this

Maude, F. H. (Frederic Hamer)  Search this

Nelson, Edward William, 1855-1934  Search this

Thompson, J. Eric S. (John Eric Sidney), 1898-1975  Search this

Voth, H. R. (Henry R.), 1855-1931  Search this

Winternitz, L.  Search this

Extent:

685 Negatives (circa, glass and nitrate)

Culture:

Pueblo Indians  Search this

Dakota Indians -- depicted  Search this

Inunaina (Arapaho)  Search this

Apache Indians  Search this

Sicangu Lakota (Brulé Sioux)  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

Jicarilla Apache  Search this

Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this

Kootenai Indians  Search this

Kickapoo Indians  Search this

Navajo Indians  Search this

Kwakiutl Indians  Search this

Pawnee Indians  Search this

Oglala Indians  Search this

Ponca Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this

Pikuni Blackfeet (Piegan)  Search this

Potawatomi Indians  Search this

Salish Indians  Search this

Sauk Indians  Search this

Seminole Indians  Search this

Shoshoni Indians  Search this

Taos Indians  Search this

Iroquois Indians  Search this

Umatilla Indians  Search this

White Mountain Apache  Search this

Wichita Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northeast  Search this

Arctic peoples  Search this

Hopi Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southern States  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Basin  Search this

Mayas  Search this

Patagonians  Search this

Dakota Indians  Search this

Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke)  Search this

Fox Indians  Search this

Eskimos  Search this

Haida Indians  Search this

A'aninin (Gros Ventre)  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America  Search this

Hunkpapa Indians  Search this

Chiricahua Apache  Search this

Niuam (Comanche)  Search this

Coast Salish  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southwest, New  Search this

Indians of North America -- Subarctic  Search this

Indians of North America -- Plateau  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Negatives

Place:

Belize

Fort Belknap Indian Reservation (Mont.)

Oraibi (Ariz.)

Date:

circa 1880-1930

bulk 1899-1904

Scope and Contents note:

Photographs collected by Willis G. Tilton, a dealer in artifacts and photographs relating to American Indians. Many of the photographs were made by Field Columbian Museum photographer Charles Carpenter at the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in 1904; many others were created by various photographers for Field Museum publications. Notable subjects include Big Foot, dead in the snow at the Wounded Knee battlefield; Arapaho and Cheyenne social dances; Hopi ceremonies; a reenactment of the shooting of Sitting Bull; Sun Dances (Arapaho, Assiniboin and Atsina, Blackfoot, Cheyenne, Ponca); and views of the United States Indian School Building and Pawnee Indians at the the Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis, Missouri. Other photographs include portraits and images of artifacts, basket weaving, cradles, dress, dwelling, tipis and other dwellings, and tree burials. There are also some photographs of Henry Field's expedition to Iraq in 1934 (Field museum anthropological expedition to the Near East), work elephants in Burma, Pipestone Quarry in Minnesota, a church in the Yucatan, and a rickshaw and cart in Ceylon.

Biographical/Historical note:

Willis G. Tilton was a dealer and owner of the store, Tilton Indian Relics, in Topeka, Kansas.

Local Call Number(s):

NAA Photo Lot 89-8, NAA Photo Lot 135

Location of Other Archival Materials:

Photographs in the Tilton Collection, previously filed in Photo Lot 135, have been relocated and merged with Photo Lot 89-8. These photographs were also purchased by the Bureau of American Ethnology from Willis G. Tilton and form part of this collection.

Associated photographs still held in the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago.

Most photographs included in the card catalog of copy negatives and in the reference file prints by tribe.

Additional photographs by Dorsey held in the National Anthropological Archives in MS 4721 and Photo Lot 24.

Correspondence from Dorsey held in the National Anthropological Archives in MS 4821, records of the Bureau of American Ethnology, the J.C. Pilling Papers, and the Ales Hrdlicka Papers.

Additional photographs by Nelson held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 171, Photo Lot 133, Photo Lot 24, and the BAE historical negatives.

Additional Maude photographs held in National Anthropological Archives Photo Lot 90-1 and Photo Lot 24.

Additional E. E. Hall photographs held in National Anthropological Archives MS 4978 and Photo Lot 24.

The Smithsonian Institution Archives holds Nelson's field reports (SIA Acc. 97-123) and the Edward William Nelson and Edward Alphonso Goldman Collection (SIA RU007364).

See others in:

Willis G. Tilton photograph collection of American Indians, circa 1880-1930 (bulk 1899-1904)

Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Topic:

Rites and ceremonies  Search this

Wounded Knee Massacre, S.D., 1890  Search this

Sun Dance  Search this

Citation:

Photo Lot 89-8, Willis G. Tilton photograph collection of American Indians, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.PhotoLot.89-8

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-photolot-89-8

Collector:

Allen, George V.  Search this

Names:

Albuquerque Indian School  Search this

Castillo de San Marcos (Saint Augustine, Fla.)  Search this

Chilocco Indian School  Search this

Geological Survey (U.S.)  Search this

Haskell Indian Nations University  Search this

United States Indian School (Carlisle, Pa.)  Search this

Yankton Mission (Yankton Indian Reservation, S.D.)  Search this

American Horse, 1840-1908  Search this

Big Bow Chief  Search this

Bogy, Lewis V. (Lewis Vital), 1813-1877  Search this

Cushing, Frank Hamilton, 1857-1900  Search this

Harding, Warren G. (Warren Gamaliel), 1865-1923  Search this

Hough, Walter, 1859-1935  Search this

Iron Bull (Crow Indian chief)  Search this

Kelly, Luther S. (Luther Sage), 1849-1928  Search this

Mató-Tópe, Mandan chief, d. 1837  Search this

Mix, Charles E.  Search this

Monroe, Mark, 1930-  Search this

Moran, John, 1831-1903  Search this

Ouray  Search this

Red Cloud, 1822-1909  Search this

Red Dog (Oglala chief)  Search this

Red Shirt, 1845?-1925  Search this

Reilly, John James, 1838-1894  Search this

Reynolds, Joseph Jones, 1822-1899  Search this

Sitting Bull, 1831-1890  Search this

Spotted Tail, 1823-1881  Search this

Stevenson, Matilda Coxe, 1850-1915  Search this

Two Guns White Calf Blackfoot  Search this

Photographer:

Alvord, Kellogg, & Campbell  Search this

Bailey & Whitesides  Search this

Bailey, Dix, & Mead  Search this

Bennett & Brown  Search this

Black Hills View Company  Search this

Brooks Photo  Search this

Brubaker and Whitesides  Search this

C. Duhem & Bro.  Search this

Calfee & Catlin  Search this

Caswell & Davy  Search this

Copelin & Son  Search this

Cosand & Mosser  Search this

Cunningham & Co. (1880-1889)  Search this

D.D. Merrill, Randall & Co.  Search this

E. & H.T. Anthony (Firm)  Search this

Eaton, of Ralston, Oklahoma  Search this

Griffith & Griffith  Search this

Gurnsey & Illingworth  Search this

Hamilton and Hoyt  Search this

Hamilton and Kodylek  Search this

Hansard & Carden  Search this

Henry L. Shepard & Co.  Search this

Ingersoll View Company  Search this

J.J. Reilly & Co.  Search this

Judd and McLeish  Search this

Keystone View Company  Search this

Kilburn Brothers  Search this

Lawrence & Houseworth  Search this

M.S. Mepham & Bro.  Search this

Martin's Gallery  Search this

Montgomery Ward.  Search this

Ramsour & Pennel  Search this

Reed & McKenney  Search this

Rodocker & Blanchard  Search this

Savage & Ottinger  Search this

Thomas Houseworth & Co.  Search this

Underwood & Underwood  Search this

Universal Photo Art Co.  Search this

Whitney & Zimmerman  Search this

Wittick & Bliss  Search this

Wittick & Russell  Search this

Young & Chase  Search this

Barker, George, 1844-1894  Search this

Barry, D. F. (David Francis), 1854-1934  Search this

Batchelder, B. P. (Benjamin Pierce), 1826-1891  Search this

Bates, Edw. (Edward)  Search this

Beaman, Edward O.  Search this

Bell, C. M. (Charles Milton), approximately 1849-1893  Search this

Bell, William, 1830-1910  Search this

Benecke, Robert  Search this

Bennett, H. H. (Henry Hamilton), 1843-1908  Search this

Bierstadt, Charles, 1819-1903  Search this

Blessing, S. T.  Search this

Blosser, J. A.  Search this

Bonine, Elias A., 1843-1916  Search this

Brockham, William (of Morris, Minnesota)  Search this

Brown, William Henry, 1844-1886  Search this

Brubaker, C. B.  Search this

Buehman, Henry, 1851-1912  Search this

Calfee, H. B. (Henry Bird), 1848-1912  Search this

Carbutt, John, 1832-1905  Search this

Carter, C. W., 1832-1918  Search this

Chamberlain, W. G. (William Gunnison)  Search this

Chase, D. B. (Dana B.)  Search this

Childs, B. F. (Brainard F.), ca. 1841-1921  Search this

Choate, J. N. (John N.), 1848-1902  Search this

Clark, George A. (George Alfred), 1936-  Search this

Climo, John Saunders  Search this

Cobb, William Henry, 1859-1909  Search this

Conklin, E (Enoch)  Search this

Cozzens, Samuel Woodworth, 1834-1878  Search this

Croft, Thomas  Search this

Cross, W. R. (William R.)  Search this

Currier, Frank, fl. 1890-1909  Search this

Curtis, Edward S., 1868-1952  Search this

Curtis, George E., 1830-1910  Search this

Cushing, W. H., fl. 1870-1889  Search this

Davis, S., fl. 1860-1880  Search this

Doremus, John P., 1827-1890  Search this

Eaton, E. L. (Edric L.), b. ca. 1836  Search this

Ebell, Adrian J. (Adrian John), 1840-1877  Search this

Eisenmann, Charles, b. 1850  Search this

Flanders, Dudley P.  Search this

Forsyth, N. A. (Norman A.), 1869-1949  Search this

Fouch, John H., 1849-1933  Search this

Gardner, Alexander, 1821-1882  Search this

Godkin, William R.  Search this

Goodell, Abner Cheney, 1831-1914  Search this

Graves, C. H. (Carleton H.), d. 1943  Search this

Gurnsey, B. H. (Byron H.), 1833-1880  Search this

Hamilton, J. H. (James H.)  Search this

Hart, Alfred A., 1816-1908  Search this

Hawkins, B.A.  Search this

Haynes, F. Jay (Frank Jay), 1853-1921  Search this

Hazeltine, M. M. (Martin Mason), 1827-1903  Search this

Heister, H. T., (Henry T.), -1895  Search this

Heller, Louis Herman, ca. 1839-1929  Search this

Heston, Wat  Search this

Hillers, John K., 1843-1925  Search this

Hook, W. E. (William Edward), 1833-1908  Search this

Huffman, L. A. (Laton Alton), 1854-1931  Search this

Illingworth, W. H. (William H.), 1842-1893  Search this

Immke, Henry W.  Search this

Ingalls, George W., 1838-1920  Search this

Jackson, William Henry, 1843-1942  Search this

Jacoby, W. H. (William H.), 1841-1905  Search this

Jarvis, J. F. (John F.), b. 1850  Search this

Johnson, W.S.  Search this

Kirkland, Geo. W. (George W.)  Search this

Knight, J. Lee  Search this

Landon, S. C. (Seth C.), b. 1825  Search this

Leonard & Martin  Search this

Line, A. A.  Search this

Little, H.N.  Search this

Marshall, William I. (William Isaac), 1840-1906  Search this

Martin, Alex (Alexander), 1841-1929  Search this

Maude, F. H. (Frederic Hamer)  Search this

Maynard, Hannah, 1834-1918  Search this

Maynard, Richard, 1832-1907  Search this

McIntyre, A. C. (Alexander Carson)  Search this

Meddaugh, J. E.  Search this

Mellen, Geo. E. (George Egbert), b. 1854  Search this

Mepham, Michael S.  Search this

Mitchell, Daniel S.  Search this

Morrow, Stanley J.  Search this

Muybridge, Eadweard, 1830-1904  Search this

Newcomb, C. H.  Search this

Nims, F.A.  Search this

O'Sullivan, Timothy H., 1840-1882  Search this

Palmer, A. A.  Search this

Parker, Joseph C.  Search this

Pierron, Geo. (George), b. 1816  Search this

Pollock, Charles, 1832-1910  Search this

Powers, F. F.  Search this

Raitt, T.G.  Search this

Randall, A. F. (A. Frank)  Search this

Rau, William Herman, 1855-1920  Search this

Rinehart, F. A. (Frank A.)  Search this

Rodocker, D. (David)  Search this

Rothrock, George H.  Search this

Rudy, W. Ira  Search this

Russell, Andrew J.  Search this

Rutter, Thomas H., 1837-1925  Search this

Savage, C. R. (Charles Roscoe), 1832-1909  Search this

Seaver, C. (Charles)  Search this

Sedgwick, S. J. (Stephen James)  Search this

Shipler, James William, 1849-1937  Search this

Soule, John P.  Search this

Stoddard, Seneca Ray, 1844-1917  Search this

Taber, I. W. (Isaiah West), 1830-1912  Search this

Thorne, G.W.  Search this

Thurlow, J., 1831-1878  Search this

Towne, Bertram C.  Search this

Trager, George E.  Search this

Upton, B. F. (Benjamin Franklin)  Search this

Watkins, Carleton E., 1829-1916  Search this

Weitfle, Charles, 1836-1921  Search this

Wendt, Julius M.  Search this

Whitney, Joel E. (Joel Emmons), 1822-1886  Search this

Williscraft, W.H.  Search this

Wittick, Ben, 1845-1903  Search this

Woodburn, J. R.  Search this

Zimmerman, Charles A., 1844-1909  Search this

Publisher:

Beal's Gallery  Search this

Continent Stereoscopic Company  Search this

Florida Club (Cooperative)  Search this

Union View Company  Search this

Webster & Albee  Search this

Smith, O. C.  Search this

Extent:

67 Lantern slides

26 Negatives (glass)

10 Negatives (nitrate)

6 Autochromes (photographs)

50 Stereographs (circa 50 printed stereographs, halftone and color halftone)

1,000 Stereographs (circa, albumen and silver gelatin (some tinted))

239 Prints (circa 239 mounted and unmounted prints, albumen (including cartes de visite, imperial cards, cabinet cards, and one tinted print) and silver gelatin (some modern copies))

96 Prints (Album :, silver gelatin)

21 Postcards (silver gelatin, collotype, color halftone, and halftone)

Culture:

Puyallup Indians  Search this

Diegueño Indians  Search this

Ojibwa Indians  Search this

Tohono O'Odham Indians  Search this

Kalispel Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- California  Search this

Taos Indians  Search this

Nootka Indians  Search this

Kickapoo Indians  Search this

Laguna Indians  Search this

Pueblo Indians  Search this

Winnebago Indians  Search this

Havasupai Indians  Search this

Assiniboine (Stoney)  Search this

Isleta Indians  Search this

Mohave Indians  Search this

Miwok Indians  Search this

Kwakiutl Indians  Search this

Arctic peoples  Search this

Akimel O'odham (Pima)  Search this

Piipaash (Maricopa)  Search this

Iroquois Indians  Search this

Hopi Indians  Search this

Modoc Indians  Search this

A:shiwi (Zuni)  Search this

Nez Percé Indians  Search this

Washo Indians  Search this

A'aninin (Gros Ventre)  Search this

Tonkawa Indians  Search this

Navajo Indians  Search this

Yavapai Indians  Search this

Ute Indians  Search this

Sauk Indians  Search this

Pawnee Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Plains  Search this

Bannock  Search this

Shoshoni Indians  Search this

Cochiti Pueblo  Search this

Omaha Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southwest, New  Search this

Indians of North America -- Great Basin  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northwest Coast of North America  Search this

Choctaw Indians  Search this

Dakota Indians  Search this

Eskimos  Search this

Salish Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Plateau  Search this

Tsitsistas/Suhtai (Cheyenne)  Search this

Mandan Indians  Search this

Sahnish (Arikara)  Search this

Tlingit Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Northeast  Search this

Haida Indians  Search this

Cree  Search this

Apsáalooke (Crow/Absaroke)  Search this

Acoma Pueblo  Search this

Quapaw Indians  Search this

Osage Indians  Search this

Apache Indians  Search this

Kansa Indians  Search this

Umatilla Indians  Search this

Shawnee  Search this

Fox Indians  Search this

Pomo Indians  Search this

Indians of North America -- Southern States  Search this

Indians of North America -- Subarctic  Search this

Paiute Indians  Search this

Seminole Indians  Search this

Micmac Indians  Search this

Niuam (Comanche)  Search this

Potawatomi Indians  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Lantern slides

Negatives

Autochromes (photographs)

Stereographs

Prints

Postcards

Place:

Custer Battlefield (Montana)

Date:

circa 1860-1935

Scope and Contents note:

Photographs relating to American Indian or frontier themes, including portraits, expedition photographs, landscapes, and other images of dwellings, transportation, totem poles, ceremonies, infants and children in cradleboards, camps and towns, hunting and fishing, wild west shows, food preparation, funeral customs, the US Army and army posts, cliff dwellings, and grave mounds and excavations. The collection also includes images of prisoners at Fort Marion in 1875, Sioux Indians involved in the Great Sioux Uprising in Minnesota, the Fort Laramie Peace Commission of 1868, Sitting Bull and his followers after the Battle of the Little Bighorn, and the aftermath of the Wounded Knee Massacre in 1890.

There are studio portraits of well-known Indians, including American Horse, Big Bow, Four Bears, Iron Bull, Ouray, Red Cloud, Red Dog, Red Shirt, Sitting Bull, Spotted Tail, Three Bears, and Two Guns White Calf. Depicted delegations include a Sauk and Fox meeting in Washington, DC, with Lewis V. Bogy and Charles E. Mix in 1867; Kiowas and Cheyennes at the White House in 1863; and Dakotas and Crows who visited President Warren G. Harding in 1921. Images of schools show Worcester Academy in Vinita, Oklahoma; Chilocco Indian School; Carlisle Indian Industrial School; Haskell Instittue, and Albuquerque Indian School.

Some photographs relate to the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia, 1876; World's Columbian Exposition in Chicago, 1893; Louisiana Purchase Exposition in St. Louis, 1903; and Centennial Exposition of the Baltimore and Ohio Railraod, 1876. Expedition photographs show the Crook expedition of 1876, the Sanderson expedition to the Custer Battlefield in 1877, the Wheeler Survey of the 1870s, Powell's surveys of the Rocky Mountain region during the 1860s and 1870s, and the Hayden Surveys.

Outstanding single views include the party of Zuni Indians led to the sea by Frank Hamilton Cushing; Episcopal Church Rectory and School Building, Yankton Agency; Matilda Coxe Stevenson and a companion taking a photographs of a Zuni ceremony; John Moran sketching at Acoma; Ben H. Gurnsey's studio with Indian patrons; Quapaw Mission; baptism of a group of Paiutes at Coeur d'Alene Mission; court-martial commission involved in the trial of Colonel Joseph J. Reynolds, 1877; President Harding at Sitka, Alaska; Walter Hough at Hopi in 1902; and Mrs. Jesse Walter Fewkes at Hopi in 1897.

Biographical/Historical note:

George V. Allen was an attorney in Lawrence, Kansas and an early member of the National Stereoscope Association. Between the 1950s and 1980s, Allen collected an extensive collection of photographs of the American West, mostly in stereographs, but also including cartes-de-visite and other styles of mounted prints, photogravures, lantern slides, autochromes, and glass negatives.

Local Call Number(s):

NAA Photo Lot 90-1

See others in:

George V. Allen photograph collection of American Indians and the American frontier, circa 1860-1935

Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Topic:

Camps  Search this

Child care  Search this

Rites and ceremonies  Search this

Totem poles  Search this

Cookery  Search this

Wild west shows  Search this

Fishing  Search this

Hunting  Search this

Transportation  Search this

Dwellings  Search this

Funeral rites and ceremonies  Search this

Wounded Knee Massacre, S.D., 1890  Search this

Citation:

Photo Lot 90-1, George V. Allen photograph collection of American Indians and the American frontier, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.PhotoLot.90-1

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-photolot-90-1