Front depicts image and verso contains advertisements for other companies including: Merchants-Laclede National Bank, St. Nicholas Hotel, New Waverly Hotel and Bath House, and the Paquin Immune Company.
Local Numbers:
AC0060.0000022.tif (AC Scan, Front)
AC0060.0000023.tif (AC Scan, Back)
Exhibitions Note:
Shown in Archives Center display, "Meet Me in St. Louis"--A Year Late: Remembering the Louisiana Purchase at the 1904 World's Fair," 2003.
Series Restrictions:
Collection is open for research. Some items may be restricted due to fragile condition.
Series Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Warshaw Collection of Business Americana Subject Categories: World Expositions, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution
Sponsor:
Funding for partial processing of the collection was supported by a grant from the Smithsonian Institution's Collections Care and Preservation Fund (CCPF).
Smithsonian Institution. Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Introduction:
In 2004, Hispanics were the largest minority group and the fastest-growing segment of the U.S. population, having more than doubled since 1980 and accounting for half the total population growth since 2001. In the preceding decade, the highest rates of Hispanic growth had been not in California, Texas, New York, Miami, Chicago, and other long-time Latino strongholds, but in states such as Arkansas, Indiana, Michigan, North Carolina, Virginia, and Wisconsin. Hand in hand with the burgeoning Latino population came an infusion of Latino music, usually called música latina in the windows and bins of record stores or entertainment venues.
In the United States, a "parallel universe" of Latino performance exists alongside the English-dominant mainstream. The Latin music and media industries are a powerful presence in American life, and their influence is increasing. The sounds of música latina and the voices of musicians themselves help us understand the struggles, aspirations, and joys of Latinos in the process of making the United States their home.
As with other cultural minority groups in the multicultural United States, Latino communities have often used music to express themselves in the public commons - civic celebrations, ethnic festivals, cultural education programs, and political events, for example. Many kinds of music that were historically intended for private occasions - such as for social dancing or for religious devotion - take on new meaning as they are moved into the public realm in order to send a message of identity: "We are Dominican" (or Mexican, or Cuban, or Puerto Rican, and so forth). Some musical styles, forms, and repertoires have deep, "core-culture" associations and/or "stage performance value" to please broad audiences with a strong stamp of cultural identity. These become symbols, aimed either at a new, broader audience or at the same community audience but with the new purpose of defining group identity.
At the same time that forms of music (and dance) have become vehicles for creating social identity, they have also become means for creating a new sense of community. Music in any society is a social magnet, a way of bringing people together, the major attraction at a myriad of social events. But among Latinos in the United States, this role has been expanded and its importance heightened. Music has become a primary vehicle for reuniting people who share a similar background and recreating their lost sense of community - especially for a dispersed immigrant Latino community, or for a Latino minority culture living among people of other cultural backgrounds who speak languages other than Spanish.
The 2004 Festival program was a signature component of a larger Latino Music Project conceived by the Smithsonian's Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage. In 2001, the non-profit record label, Smithsonian Folkways Recordings, a division of the Center, launched its Latino Music Recording Initiative, entitled Tradiciones/Traditions, to expand Latino music holdings, to publish and disseminate new recordings, and to create a Web site offering bilingual educational materials. It was planned that the Festival component of the Latino Music Project would be sustained over an unprecedented four consecutive years, with each year's program shaped by a special theme highlighting a coherent constellation of issues in Latino music and culture. The program aimed to explore the historical roots and development of Latino cultures in the United States, contemporary social issues articulated in music and dance, and the role the music industry plays in the continuity and transformation of Latino musical tradition. The 2004 program laid out those themes and previewed what would follow in subsequent years (see also the 2005 2006 and 2009 programs).
Olivia Cadaval and Daniel Sheehy were Curators, with Russell Rodríguez as Guest Co-Curator; Nilda Villalta was Program Coordinator. An Advisory Committee included: Norma E. Cantú, G. Adriana Cruz Manjarrez García, Enrique Lamadrid, Steven J. Loza, Ana María Ochoa, Olga Nájera-Ramírez, and Carolina Santamaría.
This program was generously funded by the Smithsonian Latino Initiatives Fund and the National Endowment for the Arts. Additional funding came through Anheuser-Busch, Inc., with in-kind support through Delta Air Lines. Cooperating organizations included Arts of the Americas Institute - University of New Mexico, Radio Bilingüe, Univisión, and the Smithsonian Center for Latino Initiatives.
Presenters:
Enrique "Quique" Avilés, Geaner "DJ" Bruno, David Champion, Juan Dies, James Early, Joanne Flores, José Quetzal Flores, Martha González, Nancy Groce, Scout Mahler, Michael Mason, Olga Nájera-Ramírez, Danny Román, Eileen Torres, Cynthia Vidaurri
Participants:
Performance Traditions
Music
Chanchona San Simonense -- Chanchona San SimonenseWilmer Bladimir Díaz Hernández, 1987-, tumba, San Simon, El SalvadorLuciano "Chanita" Hernández, 1972-, violin, San Simon, El SalvadorEmilio Antonio Monteagudo Luna, 1980-, vihuela guitar, San Simon, El SalvadorHernán Moreno, 1954-, bass, San Simon, El SalvadorHector Antonio Moreno Hernán, 1963-, violin, San Simon, El SalvadorJosé Lucidio Sol Hernández, 1965-, guiro, tumba, San Simon, El Salvador
Emikeké -- EmikekéFelipe García Villamil, 1931-, batá, shékere, bells, güiro, conga, lead vocals, Los Angeles, CaliforniaValeria Esteba-García, shékere, bells, clave, chorus, dance, Los Angeles, CaliforniaTomasa Esteba-García, shékere, bells, clave, chorus, danceAtoyebi Esteba-García, 1985-, batá, shékere, conga, bells, chorus, Los Angeles, CaliforniaMiguel Esteba-García, 1984-, batá, shékere, bells, dance, Los Angeles, CaliforniaAjamu Smith-García, 1978-, batá, shékere, bells, clave, chorus, Los Angeles, California
Eva Ybarra y su Conjunto -- Eva Ybarra y su ConjuntoEva Ybarra, 1945-, accordion, San Antonio, TexasMax Baca, 1967-, bajo sexto, San Antonio, TexasGloria García, 1947-, vocals, San Antonio, TexasOscar García, bass, San Antonio, TexasAaron Holler, 1985-, drums, Pontiac, Michigan
Franklyn Hernández y sus Tipican Brothers -- Franklyn Hernández y sus Tipican BrothersFranklyn Hernández, 1959-, leader, lead vocals, accordion, Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaJesús Bonilla, güiro, Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaMiguel Gelmán, saxophone, Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaNino Hernández, electric bass, Philadelphia, PennsylvaniaRafael Tineo, tambora, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
José Gutiérrez y Los Hermanos Ochoa -- José Gutiérrez y Los Hermanos OchoaJosé Gutiérrez, 1942-, requinto, Veracruz, MexicoMarcos Ochoa, 1944-, jarana, Veracruz, MexicoFelipe Ochoa, 1950-, harp, Veracruz, Mexico
Lorenzo Martínez y Reflexiones -- Lorenzo Martínez y ReflexionesLorenzo Martínez, Sr., 1954-, violin, Albuquerque, New MexicoRamona Martínez, danceRoberto Martínez, Sr., 1929-, vihuela, Albuquerque, New MexicoRoberto Martínez, Jr., 1963-, guitar, Albuquerque, New MexicoRoberto "Robby" Martínez, 1945-, bass, Albuquerque, New Mexico
Mariachi Los Camperos de Nati Cano -- Mariachi Los Camperos de Nati CanoNatividad "Nati" Cano, 1933-, director, vihuela, Fillmore, CaliforniaSergio Alonso, 1975-, harp, Sylmar, CaliforniaJesús Guzmán, 1964-, violin, Pico Rivera, CaliforniaIsmael Hernández, 1969-, violin, Whittier, CaliforniaPedro Hernández, 1976-, guitarrón, La Puente, CaliforniaMartín C. Padilla, 1979-, violin, San Fernando, CaliforniaArturo Palacios, 1941-, guitar, Whittier, CaliforniaJavier Rodríguez, 1969-, trumpet, Los Angeles, CaliforniaJosé M. Ramirez, West Covina, CaliforniaJimmy Kyle Cuellar, Bakersfield, California
Viento de Agua -- Viento de AguaHector "Tito" Matos, 1968-, director, lead singer, requinto, tumbandero, barriles de bomba,Santruce, Puerto RicoJuan Gutiérrez, 1951-, seguidor, barriles de bomba, chorus, Bronx, New YorkRoberto Cepeda, 1954-, seguidor, punteador, singer, dance, Bronx, New YorkSammy Tanco, 1941-, maracas, güiro, singer, New York, New YorkJoksan Ramos, 1970-, cuá, punteador, requinto, singer, Astoria, New York
SPECIAL CONCERT
Son de Aquí, Washington, D.C. metropolitan area -- Son de Aquí, Washington, D.C. metropolitan areaMarco Antonio Alzamora, 1970-Jhonny Miguel Ayquipa Caycho, 1981-Andy Javier Caceda Angulo, 1976-Wilfred O. Garcia Gallardo, 1967-Christian Gonzales, 1979-Marciano Gonzalez, 1953-Gustavo Joel Hurtado Hernandez, 1969-Yuan Loyola, 1979-Adrian Reyes, leader, Chantilly, VirginiaCarlos Rubio, 1974-, bongosAlberto Tirado, 1970-Julio Cesar Torrejon, 1976-
DANCE ENSEMBLES
Fraternidad Sangre Boliviana, Arlington, Virginia -- Fraternidad Sangre Boliviana, Arlington, VirginiaMelissa Almaraz, Jancaria Alvarez, Andrea Ampuero, Erick Bacarreza, Sergio Canelas, Isabel Cardenas, Adriana Carrillo, Letcia Carrillo, Ronald Choque, Vivian Gillen, Gonzalo Gutiérrez, Aurora Gutlerrez, Daniela Lameles, Nelson Lameles, Pablo Lijeron, Ariel Lisarazu, Diego Lopez, Jasmin Mendoza, Maribel Meruvia, Marcelo Molina, Marvin Monterosa, Alex Navia, Gabriela Peredo, Juan Carlos Peredo, Mauricio Peredo, Michelle Peredo, Ximena Peredo, Rosas Roger, Claudia Siles, Dante Suarez, Maria Tapia, Hector Tolentino, Ricardo Tolentino, Tatiana Tolentino, Lizeth Torrico, Mauricio Torrico, Raul Torrico, Roxana Torrico, Claudia Urrutla, Leo Vallejos, Kattya Via, Ivan Villanueva, Edward Viscarra, Enrique Viscarra
Los Tecuanes, Manassas, Virginia -- Los Tecuanes, Manassas, VirginiaAdriana Burgoa, Iliana Burgoa, Masiel Burgoa, Carlos Cordero, Julio Cordero, Sadie Cordero, Halmar Guerrero, Isaac Guerrero, Vicente Guerrero, Guadalupe Muñiz, Blanca Navarro, Luis Ramírez, Ana Reyes, Armando Reyes, Jose Luis Reyes, Lorena Reyes, Luis Reyes, Luz Rodríguez, Nil Vargas, Inés Velasco
Felipe García Villamil, 1931-, sacred drums and ritual objects, Los Angeles, California
Francisco González, 1953-, strings, Goleta, California
José Gutiérrez, 1942-, -- jarocho -- instruments, Veracruz, Mexico
Carlos Molina Saénz, 1961-, -- llanero -- traditional instruments, Meta, Colombia
Collection Restrictions:
Access to the Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections is by appointment only. Visit our website for more information on scheduling a visit or making a digitization request. Researchers interested in accessing born-digital records or audiovisual recordings in this collection must use access copies.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from the Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections. Please visit our website to learn more about submitting a request. The Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections make no guarantees concerning copyright or other intellectual property restrictions. Other usage conditions may apply; please see the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for more information.
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Folklife Festival records: 2004 Smithsonian Folklife Festival, Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections, Smithsonian Institution.
Material is subject to Smithsonian Terms of Use. Should you wish to use NASM material in any medium, please submit an Application for Permission to Reproduce NASM Material, available at Permissions Requests.
Use of original papers requires an appointment and is limited to the Washington D.C. research center. Use of audiovisual recordings with no duplicate access copy requires advance notice.
Collection Rights:
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Louis Pomerantz papers, 1937-1988, bulk 1950s-1988. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Sponsor:
Funding for the processing of this collection is provided by the Terra Foundation for American Art. Glass plate negatives in this collection were digitized in 2019 with funding provided by the Smithsonian Women's Committee.
The collection documents the work of the Sosa, Bromley and Aguilar and Associates advertising agency of San Antonio, Texas.
Scope and Contents:
The collection documents the work of the Sosa, Bromley and Aguilar and Associates advertising agency of San Antonio, Texas. They created advertising for large corporations such as Western Union, American Airlines, Coca-Cola, Mars, Procter and Gamble, Anheuser-Busch, and Burger King. Additionally, they worked on political campaigns for Republican candidates including George W. Bush and Ronald Reagan. Works created for local institutions such as the San Antonio Symphony and Incarnate Word High School are also represented in the collection. Sosa, Bromley and Aguilar were pioneers in developing advertising strategies to appeal to Latino consumers.
This collection includes internal corporate documentation such as awards, financial reports, marketing strategies, advertisement samples and newsletters, as well as newspaper and magazine articles. The majority of the collection consists of audiovisual materials in D2, BetacamSP, 3/4" U-Matic and 1" videotape formats. The audiovisual materials contain commercials, casting calls/auditions, director reels, public service announcements, focus groups sessions and more. Six hours of oral histories with the principals and transcriptions of the interviews are also included in the collection. Prominent sections of the collection include advertisements created for the Center for Disease Control to address misconceptions about AIDS in Latino communities, as well as photographs, an audiocassette, and public service announcements pertaining to the life and death of singer Selena Quintanilla-Pérez.
Arrangement:
This collection is divided into five series:
Series 1: Background Materials, 1980-2015
Series 2: Financial Materials, 1983-1989
Series 3: Clippings, 1988-1999
Series 4: Advertisements, 1988-1995
Series 5: Audiovisual Materials, 1988-1997
Biographical / Historical:
Lionel Sosa (b. 1939) is from San Antonio, Texas and is of Mexican descent. His first venture as an entrepreneur was starting a graphic design studio called Sosart which later developed into an advertising agency. Ernest Bromley (b.1951), of Puerto Rican and Canadian descent, joined the company in 1981 while employed at the University of Texas, San Antonio as a researcher. Bromley's background in acculturation, advertising and consumer research provided a unique perspective for the newly developed Sosa and Associates. Adolfo "Al" Aguilar (b. 1955), also of Mexican descent, studied advertising and marketing at the University of Texas, Austin. Aguilar worked for Coca-Cola's first Hispanic Marketing Department when he began meeting with Sosa and Bromley. Eventually, Aguilar helped bring the Coca-Cola account to Sosa Bromley and Associates. This successful transfer ultimately led to the development of Sosa, Bromley and Aguilar and Associates.
Spanish Language Television Collection (NMAH.AC.1404)
Goya Foods, Inc. Collection, 1960-2000 (NMAH.AC.0694)
Separated Materials:
Items relating to this collection were donated to the Division of Numismatics and Division of Work and Industry. See accessions: 2002.0007.0517 (Tetradrachm coin); 2015.0080.01 (1988 Clio Award Trophy Hispanic Advertising AIDS Campaign); 2015.0080.02 (Promotional Mug); 2015.0080.05 (Promotional Watch); 2016.3049.02 (1993 Clio Award for Hispanic Market Coca Cola Classic); 2015.0080.06 (1990 Adweek Plaque); 2015.0080.03 (1995 Selena Commemorative Pin).
Provenance:
Donated to the Archives Center in 2015, by Lionel Sosa, Ernest Bromley and Adolfo Aguilar.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
The Archives of American Art makes its archival collections available for non-commercial, educational and personal use unless restricted by copyright and/or donor restrictions, including but not limited to access and publication restrictions. AAA makes no representations concerning such rights and restrictions and it is the user's responsibility to determine whether rights or restrictions exist and to obtain any necessary permission to access, use, reproduce and publish the collections. Please refer to the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for additional information.
Collection Citation:
Dorothy C. Miller papers, 1853-2013, bulk 1920-1996. Archives of American Art, Smithsonian Institution.
Sponsor:
Funding for the processing of this collection was provided by the Terra Foundation for American Art
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Collection Citation:
Sosa, Bromley and Aguilar and Associates Records, 1981-1997, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.
