This collection includes ¼ inch open reel audio tapes recorded and collected by Michael B. McCrary of music and songs from Taos, New Mexico, Warm Springs, Oregon, and Celilo Salmon Festival in Oregon.
Scope and Contents:
This collection includes 12 ¼ inch open reel audio tapes, all of which are approximately 9.5 inches in length. The reels were transferred onto Digital Audio Tape (DAT) in 1993, and sound cassettes were also made around that time for access purposes.
Reels 1-6 were made over three nights in 1955 at the Celilo Salmon Festival at Celilo Falls in Oregon. This was one of the last festivals before the Falls were submerged by the Dalles Dam. McCrary states in a 1967 letter that he did not make these recordings himself but does not list who did.
Reels 7-10 were made in Taos, New Mexico by Michael McCrary at the house of Tony Lujan (Taos Pueblo). These reels are undated but were likely recorded sometime around 1960 and includes Taos stories and songs.
Reels 11-12 are labeled "Warm Springs," but further research needs to be done to determine whether these were made at the same time as the Celilo Salmon Festival recordings.
Arrangement:
Arranged by Reel number.
Celilo Salmon Festival:
During the Celilo Salmon Festival, or First Salmon Feast, members of the Yakama (Yakima) and Warm Springs communities celebrate the return of the salmon every year to the Columbia Basin. Typically, around the second or third week of April, the celebration marks the opening of fishing season. Historically, the feast was held at the Celilo Falls. However, in 1957, the Celilo falls, along with the fishing platforms and village of Celilo, were submerged by slackwater from the newly built Dalles Dam.
Tony Lujan and Mabel Dodge Luhan, Taos, New Mexico:
Antonio "Tony" Lujan was born January 2, 1879. A Taos Pueblo tribal member and leader, Tony married Mabel Dodge Luhan in 1923 who had moved from New York to Taos, New Mexico to start an artist colony in 1917. Tony and Mabel bought 12 acres of land and built a house that would become a destination for artists and writers. Mabel died in 1962 and Tony, a year later in 1963. Their house in now a National Historic Landmark.
Provenance:
Gift of Michael B. McCrary, 1966.
Restrictions:
Collection is closed until the materials have been digitized and further tribal community consultation.
Rights:
Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center. Please submit a written request to nmaiphotos@si.edu. For personal or classroom use, users are invited to download, print, photocopy, and distribute the images that are available online without prior written permission, provided that the files are not modified in any way, the Smithsonian Institution copyright notice (where applicable) is included, and the source of the image is identified as the National Museum of the American Indian. For more information, please see the Smithsonian's Terms of Use and NMAI Archive Center's Digital Image request website.
Identification of specific item; Date (if known); Michael B. McCrary audio recordings from Celilo Falls, Oregon and Taos, New Mexico, reel #, NMAI.AC.442; National Museum of the American Indian Archives Center, Smithsonian Institution.
Indians of North America -- Great Plains Search this
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Ledger drawings
Date:
1891 February
Scope and Contents:
29 drawings and 34 pages of typed explanatory text, formerly bound together, now disbound, plus an identifying title page handwritten by Albert Gatschet and one drawing on ruled paper. The explanatory text was transcribed from Gatschet's notebook, No. 2016-b, with corrections by Gatschet. T.p. inscribed: "Crayon Pictures of Cheyenne Ceremonial Customs and Implements. Drawn by Wuxpais or Daniel Littlechief, son of the present headchief of the Cheyenne Indians of South Dakota, at the Pine Ridge Agency. Explained by notes obtained from the same Indian by Albert S. Gatschet." The last drawing in the volume is signed "T.D. Little Chief," but cannot be identified as a drawing by Daniel Little Chief. Subjects include ceremonial items, name glyphs, painted tipis, and illustrations of Cheyenne customs. A nearly identical set of drawings by Daniel Little Chief is located at the Newberry Library in Chicago. Information provided by Candace Greene.
Biographical / Historical:
Daniel Little Chief, a.k.a. Wuxpais (?-1906), was a Northern Cheyenne warrior whose band of Cheyenne were sent south to the Cheyenne-Arapaho Reservation in Indian Territory after their surrender, traveling there between 1878-1879. In 1881 this band moved north to the Pine Ridge Agency in South Dakota. In 1891 Daniel Littlechief inherited the role of head chief from his father and remained in South Dakota until his death in 1906. For more information see "American Indian Painters: A Biographical Dictionary" by Jeanne Snodgrass 1968, New York: Museum of the American Indian.
Albert S. Gatschet (1832-1907) was educated in his native Switzerland and in Germany (University of Bern [Ph.D., 1892]); University of Berlin. Early in his career, he pursued antiquarian research in European museums and wrote scientific articles. Among his interests was the etymology of Swiss place names. After coming to the United States in 1869, he worked on the American Indian vocabularies collected by Oscar Loew, of the United States Geological Survey West of the 100th Meridian (Wheeler Survey). Eventually John Wesley Powell employed him as an ethnologist with the United States Geographical and Geological Survey of the Rocky Mountain Regions. When it was founded in 1879, he joined the staff of the Bureau of American Ethnology and continued there until he retired in 1905. For the Powell Survey, Gatschet researched the ethnography of the Klamath in Oregon and the Modoc in Oklahoma. He also collected Native American material objects and investigated special problems for Powell's classification of the American Indian languages north of Mexico, working on languages of the Southeast, including groups forcibly settled in the southern Plains. He not only visited well known tribes but also searched out small groups, including the Biloxi and Tunica. He also worked with the Natchez, Tonkawa, Chitimacha, and Atakapa in the United States and Comecrudo and several other small groups in northern Mexico. Through library research, he studied the Timucua, Karankara, and the Beothuk. During the later part of his career, Gatschet was assigned comparative work on all the Algonquian languages. Although the project was never completed, he collected much about many of the languages, especially Peoria, Miami, and Shawnee. In addition, he worked with members of diverse tribes of the eastern United States. For more information, see NAA finding aid located at http://www.nmnh.si.edu/naa/guide/_g1.htm#jrg575
Local Numbers:
NAA MS 2016-a
Varying Form of Title:
Crayon pictures of Cheyenne ceremonial customs and implements / drawn by Wuxpais or Daniel Littlechief ... ; explained by notes from the same Indian by Albert S. Gatschet
Place:
United States South Dakota Pine Ridge Agency.
United States South Dakota Pine Ridge Indian Reservation.
