A-MAN (African American Male Achievers Network) Search this
Extent:
0.5 Cubic feet (3 boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Interviews
Lectures
Betacam sp (videotape format)
Videotapes
Oral history
Slides
Date:
1995 June 1
Summary:
Collection documents inventor Hal Walker and his research and development work with lasers and electric automobiles.
Scope and Contents:
This collection contains original (Betcam SP), master (Betacam SP), reference (1/2" VHS) videos and photographs documenting Spencer Crew, Secretary I. Michael Heyman, Arthur Molella and Jerome Lemelson in honor of the establishment of the Lemelson Center and the first Innovative Lives Program (a series of lecture-demonstrations by American inventors and entrepreneurs for young people--by Hildreth "Hal" Walker. Hal Walker discusses his background and how he became an inventor. With John Travis, a chemist from the National Institute of Standards and Technology, Walker demonstrates the properties and applications of lasers, including measuring the distance to the moon and voice communications. Walker developed laser equipment that projected images of the moon back to the earth during the 1969 Apollo moon walk.
Arrangement:
Collection is arranged into four series.
Series 1: Original videos
Series 2: Master videos
Series 3: Reference videos
Series 4: Photographs
Biographical / Historical:
Hal Walker was born in 1933 in Louisiana. In 1951, he joined the Navy and served for four years as a qualified electrician's mate. In 1955, Walker joined Douglas Aircraft Company installing radar systems and at the same time began taking classes at L.A. City College. Soon after joining Douglas Aircraft, a series of layoffs occurred and Walker joined RCA working with the Ballistic Missile Early Warning System (BMEWS). He continued to sharpen his technical and managerial skills developing industrial and medical uses for lasers, plasma, quantum physics, and holography. By 1981, Walker joined Hughes Aircraft, the organization that brought Laser Target Designator Systems (LTDs) to the United States Army's weapons inventory. Walker retired from Hughes Aircraft in 1989 and with his wife, Dr. Bettye Davis Walker, founded A-MAN, the African American Male Achievers Network, Inc. Science Discovery Learning Center. A-MAN's mission is to utilize Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM)-related projects as a motivational tool and advance the educational achievement, and the intellectual and career development of African-American, Latino and other minority students pre-K thru 12thgrades.
Provenance:
Created by the Jerome and Dorothy Lemelson Center for the Study of Invention and Innovation in 1995.
Restrictions:
Collection is open for research but the original videos are stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions. Signed copies of releases for Hal Walker and Mark Lee Stephens on file.
National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Mathematics Search this
Extent:
10.3 Cubic feet (31 boxes)
Type:
Collection descriptions
Archival materials
Reports
Papers
Date:
1945-1959
Scope and Contents:
This collection consists of over 2,516 items, housed in 31 document boxes. The material is arranged into chronological order and covers the project dates of l945- l959. The items were originally classified secret, confidential, and unclassified.
The collection is arranged into four series:
Series 1: Summary Reports
Series 2: Bi-weekly Reports
Series 3: Correspondence, Memoranda, and Reports
Series 4: Indexes
The summary reports include originals of "Summary Report #1, April, 1946" and "Summary Report #2," in twenty-two volumes, and photocopies of summary reports #3 through #40. The bi-weekly reports, covering the period December, l947 to May, l953, are arranged chronologically. The bulk of the collection consists of correspondence, notes, memos, and reports. These date from August, 1945 to January, 1959 and are arranged chronologically. A 210 page index to the reports and correspondence (prepared by Whirlwind project personnel) is located in box 31. This guide has a table of contents and lists topic, author, date, and identification number for all items in the collection. Other indexes are located in boxes 30 and 31.
Arrangement:
The collection is arranged into four series.
Series 1: Summary Reports, 1946-1954
Series 2: Bi-weekly Reports, 1947-1953
Series 3: Correspondence, Memoranda, and Reports, 1945-1959
Series 4: Indices, undated
Biographical / Historical:
Project Whirlwind was sponsored by the Special Devices Center of the Office of Naval Research from 1945 to 1952. The original objective of the project was the development of a device that would simulate airplanes in flight. As the project progressed, other applications of the computer evolved.
The project was centered in the Servomechanisms Laboratory of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (M.I.T.). In the course of the research, Whirlwind evolved from an aircraft simulator into a high speed digital computer and finally into a key element of the United States' early air defense system. In 1948, M.I.T., believing that it was inappropriate for an educational institution to be so heavily involved in air defense research, transferred Whirlwind responsibility to the new M.I.T. Lincoln Laboratory in 1952. There, under the direction of Jay Forrester, pioneering work was done on magnetic core memory. MITRE's Whirlwind group spun off from Lincoln Laboratory to the new MITRE Corporation in 1958. Whirlwind served SAGE (Semiautomatic Ground Environment) air defense activities until being retired in May of 1959.
Whirlwind I was of the high-speed electronic digital type, in which quantities were represented as discrete numbers, and complex problems were solved by the repeated use of fundamental arithmetic and logical operations. Computations were executed by fractional microsecond pulses in electronic circuits, of which the principal ones were the flip-flop, the gate coincidence circuit and the magnetic core memory. Whirlwind I used numbers of 16 binary digits; this length was selected to limit the machine to a practical size.
The Whirlwind I Computer was utilized by such projects as Navy Fire Control, Air Traffic Control, the Cape Cod System, Experimental SAGE Sector, and many others. Whirlwind I spawned two computers, the MTC (memory test computer) and TX O (transistor computer), both developed by ESS Installation Group 63.
The Whirlwind I Computer and its facilities were later leased to the Wolf Research and Development Corporation, West Concord, Massachusetts, under Navy Lease Contract Nonr 2956(00) in 1963. Kent C. Redmond and Thomas M. Smith wrote a history of the project, Project Whirlwind: Case History (Bedford, Massachusetts: The MITRE Corporation, l975).
Provenance:
This collection was donated by the MITRE Corporation, February 1983. The Whirlwind I Computer Project originated at the Servomechanics Laboratory at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (M.I.T.) in 1945. The records were transferred in l959 to the MITRE Corporation.
Restrictions:
The collection is open for research use.
Rights:
Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.
Smithsonian Institution. Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Introduction:
NASA: Fifty Years and Beyond represented an unusual collaboration between the Festival and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) on the occasion of the agency's fiftieth anniversary in 2008. The NASA program provided a rare opportunity for the public to meet and observe the men and women whose skills, specialized knowledge, and codes of behavior mark them as a very distinctive example of occupational culture.
The tents on the Mall featured the following:
Aeronautics: air traffic-control designers, flight photographers and videographers, model makers, flight-suit technicians, test pilots, and others conducting research on aviation and aircraft;
Earth science: archaeologists, atmospheric scientists, meteorologists, plant pathologists, satellite imagery analysts, and others who investigate the earth's surface, climate, and atmosphere;
Foodways: food scientists, nutrition experts, packaging engineers, and researchers who plan and develop the cuisine served onboard spacecraft;
Future missions: aerospace engineers, robotics engineers, solar scientists, program managers, and others helping to plan missions to the moon, Mars, and beyond;
Human space flight: astronauts, flight engineers, tile inspectors, microgravity experts, software engineers, solar array specialists, space-suit technicians, and others who are involved with the Space Shuttle and International Space Station;
Propulsion: mechanical engineers, operations managers, test systems engineers, and others who design and build the engines that power NASA spacecraft;
Space art: artists who use canvas, paper, and recycled materials (such as Shuttle tires) to document NASA's work and missions; and
Space science: astrobiologists, astromaterials curators, astronomers, astrophysicists, heliophysicists, planetary geologists, and others conducting research in the vast reaches of space.
In addition, one tent was devoted to collecting oral histories, not only from the NASA participants, but also from members of the general public, to record their memories of NASA's past as well as their visions for NASA's future. During the ten days of the Festival, roughly 300 recordings were logged and another 200 note cards were posted on the bulletin board.
James Deutsch was Program Curator and Dorey Butter was Program Coordinator; Kim Stryker was Family Activities Coordinator. The NASA Coordination Team included: Gale Allen, Beth Beck, Claudette Beggs, Luis Berrios, Rosalie Betrue, Sallie Bilbo, Dawn Brooks, Stacey Brooks, Beth Brown, Fred Brown, Joshua Buck, Todd Cannon, Tara Clopper, Carmel Conaty, Leslee Cork, Anita Davis, David Defelice, Steve Dick, Wanda Dockery, Kristen Erickson, Michelle Ferebee, Debbie Gallaway, Steve Garber, Elaine Gause, Ed Goldstein, Mary Ann Harness, Robert Hopkins, Jim Hull, Winnie Humberson, Cheryl Johnson, Michelle Jones, Dave Lavery, Laura Lewis, Steve Lighthill, Rocky Lind, Dan Lockney, Bonnie McClain, Linda Matthews-Schmidt, Bryon Maynard, Cheri Miller, Ruth Netting, Nora Normandy, Louis Parker, Tom Powers, Debbie Rivera, Carla Rosenberg, Karen Rugg, Bette Siegel, Mary Sladek, Tony Springer, Pam Steel, Jim Stofan, Ann Marie Trotta, Janelle Turner, Bert Ulrich, Erika Vick, Katie Veal Wallace, Derek Wang, Joey Williams, and Dan Woodard.
The program was produced in partnership with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). Jacobs Technology Inc. was a Donor to the program. Contributors were Lockheed Martin, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, and United Space Alliance.
Participants:
Aeronautics
Tom Benson, 1947-, Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio
Glenn Brehm, 1953-, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Thomas Burns, 1957-, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Lawrence Cooper, 1948-, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Rich Coppenbarger, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California
Luci Crittenden, 1948-, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Johnny Ellis, 1951-, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Robert Everett, Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio
Greg Gatlin, 1960-, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Frank Jones, 1960-, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Parimal Kopardekar, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California
Herbert Lawrence, 1948-, Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio
Greg Poteat, Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California
Thomas Prevot, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California
Ron Reisman, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California
Jim Sokolik, 1957-, Dryden Flight Research Center, Edwards, California
Robert D. Windhorst, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California
Earth Science
Brooke Carter, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Lin Chambers, 1963-, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Jennifer Collings, 1986-, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Rory Collins, 1981-, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Roberta DiPasquale, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Steven Graham, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Irene Ladd, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Katherine Lorentz, 1979-, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Louis Nguyen, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Claire Parkinson, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Margaret Pippin, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Steve Platnick, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
John Skelly, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania
Stephanie Stockman, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
David Westberg, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Darrel Williams, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Great Observatories
Mindy Deyarmin, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Charles Diaz, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Hashima Hasan, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Maurice Henderson, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Mark Hubbard, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Anita Krishnamurthi, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Renee Leck, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Jim Perry, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Benjamin Reed, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Marion Riley, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Nzinga Tull, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Russell Werneth, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Food Lab
Jennifer J. Brogan, 1981-, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Vickie Kloeris, 1955-, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Kimberly Glaus-Läte, 1960-, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Sylvia Lai, 1951-, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Thomas Oziomek, 1981-, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Michele Perchonok, 1955-, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Future Missions
Mitzi Adams, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
Bob Armstrong, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
Stephan Davis, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
Brian Day, 1957-, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California
Rajiv Doreswamy, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
Jennifer Heldmann, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California
Robert Howard, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Anthony Lavoie, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
Danielle Moran, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
Keith Robinson, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
Kimberly Robinson, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
Human Spaceflight
John Allen, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Lynn Cline, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Pamela Covington, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Richard DeLombard, 1950-, Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio
Dave Edwards, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
William Gerstenmaier, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
David Haakenson, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Nancy Rabel Hall, Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio
Michael Hawes, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
William Hill, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Carol Jacobs, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
Thomas Jones, NASA Astronaut, Retired
Humberto Sanchez, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Timothy Ryan Tawney, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Pierre Thuot, 1955-, U. S. Navy, Retired
Debbie Ramos Trainor, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Mark Uhran, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Ron Woods, 1946-, Kennedy Space Center, Brevard County, Florida
International Space Station
Patrick Buzzard, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Gary Kitmacher, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Sam Ortega, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
Kids' Space
Bill Anderson, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Gregg Buckingham, Kennedy Space Center, Brevard County, Florida
Launch and Mission Control
Christine Chiodo, 1966-, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Sally Davis, 1958-, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Tuan Manh Doan, 1964-, Kennedy Space Center, Brevard County, Florida
George Haddad, 1960-, Kennedy Space Center, Brevard County, Florida
Tiffany Nail, Kennedy Space Center, Brevard County, Florida
Lunar Outpost
Durlean Leslie Bradford, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
Barbara Cohen, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
Joy Dukemineer, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
Sabrina Pearson, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
Robert Singleterry, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
Tim White, Huntsville Center for Technology, Huntsville, Alabama
Karen Whitley, 1957-, Langley Research Center, Hampton, Virginia
NASA-derived Technologies
Bruce Banks, Alphaport, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio
Peter Homer, Southwest Harbor, Maine
Sharon Miller, Glenn Research Center, Cleveland, Ohio
Propulsion
Bartt Hebert, Stennis Space Center, Hancock County, Mississippi
Casey Kirchner, Stennis Space Center, Hancock County, Mississippi
Bryon Maynard, Stennis Space Center, Hancock County, Mississippi
Bradley Messer, Stennis Space Center, Hancock County, Mississippi
Elizabeth Messer, Stennis Space Center, Hancock County, Mississippi
Rosa Obregón, Stennis Space Center, Hancock County, Mississippi
Ben Powell, Stennis Space Center, Hancock County, Mississippi
Christine Powell, Stennis Space Center, Hancock County, Mississippi
Steve Taylor, Stennis Space Center, Hancock County, Mississippi
Bill Wrobel, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Robotics
Ken Fernandez, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama
Wendy Holforty, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California
Harley Thronson, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Space Art --
Chakaia Booker, 1953-, New York, New York
Les Bossinas, 1933-, Cleveland, Ohio
Nicky Enright, 1971-, New York, New York
Mary Edna Fraser, 1952-, Charleston, South Carolina
Pat Rawlings, 1955-, Houston, Texas
Space Science
Arthur Aikin, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Shadan Ardalan, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California
Shari Asplund, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California
Todd Barber, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California
Ron Bastien, Jacobs Engineering and Science Contract Group, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Dominic Benford, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Max Bernstein, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Jacob Bleacher, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Lora Bleacher, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Beth Brown, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Ginger Butcher, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Allan Cheuvront, Lockheed Martin, Denver, Colorado
Troy Cline, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
John Cooper, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Emilie Drobnes, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Therese Errigo, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Don Fairfield, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Lisa Fletcher, Jacobs Engineering and Science Contract Group, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Brenda Franklin, 1943-, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena California
Daniel Garrison, Jacobs Engineering and Science Contract Group, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Kevin Robert Grazier, 1961-, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California
Roger Harrington, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Jeffrey J.E. Hayes, 1957-, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Paul Hertz, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Steele Hill, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
David Hurd, 1962-, Edinboro University of Pennsylvania, Edinboro, Pennsylvania
Terry Hurford, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Daniel Hurley, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California
Lindley Johnson, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Anne Kascak, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Michael Kelley, 1943-, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Terry Kucera, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Elaine Lewis, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Colette Lohr, 1975-, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California
Lou Mayo, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Aimee Meyer, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California
Michael Meyer, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
David Mohr, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California
Andrea B. Mosie, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Keiko Nakamura-Messenger, Jacobs Engineering and Science Contract Group, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Carolyn Ng, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Tam Nguyen, 1948-, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California
Sten Odenwald, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Alexei Pevtsov, NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C.
Cecilia Satterwhite, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Carol Schwarz, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Thomas See, Jacobs Engineering and Science Contract Group, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Jim Thieman, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Jack Warren, Jacobs Engineering and Science Contract Group, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Heather Weir, Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Maryland
Randii R. Wessen, 1958-, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, California
Michael Zolensky, Johnson Space Center, Houston, Texas
Space Shuttle
Dennis Chamberland, 1951-, Kennedy Space Center, Brevard County, Florida
Joseph Lavelle, 1947-, Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, California
Maria Lott, Stennis Space Center, Hancock County, Mississippi
David Rainer, 1960-, Kennedy Space Center, Brevard County, Florida
Nathan Sovik, Stennis Space Center, Hancock County, Mississippi
Katie Veal Wallace, Stennis Space Center, Hancock County, Mississippi
Collection Restrictions:
Access to the Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections is by appointment only. Visit our website for more information on scheduling a visit or making a digitization request. Researchers interested in accessing born-digital records or audiovisual recordings in this collection must use access copies.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from the Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections. Please visit our website to learn more about submitting a request. The Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections make no guarantees concerning copyright or other intellectual property restrictions. Other usage conditions may apply; please see the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for more information.
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Folklife Festival records: 2008 Smithsonian Folklife Festival, Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections, Smithsonian Institution.
Smithsonian Institution. Center for Folklife and Cultural Heritage Search this
Type:
Archival materials
Introduction:
This presentation, developed by folklorists and historians of technology in conjunction with the Energy Research and Development Administration, focused on energy use. In the first year of what became a four-year sequence (1977-1980), traditional food production was examined in historical perspective from early Native American methods through colonial and emerging 19th-century mechanization to contemporary practices - with a glance into future possibilities.
A folklorist and aerospace engineer sought out the Pennsylvania Amish farmer depicted on the program book cover, who used his old-style, horse-drawn reaper to harvest the three acres of wheat purchased for processing at this Festival. Most farmers now use a combine that simultaneously reaps, threshes, separates, and bales the stripped stalks as straw. At the Festival, the very wheat pictured on the program book was threshed, flailed, ground, and finally used in the hand-shaped loaves that were baked in a brick oven - and tasted by Festival visitors.
Demonstrations included steam powered threshing, grain milling, brick-oven bread baking, cider pressing, sausage stuffing, Native American salmon roasting and clam bake, preserve making, apple butter boiling and ice cream making.
The program was co-organized by the U.S. Department of Energy with Smithsonian Department of Science and Technology and Folklife Program. At the Department of Energy, John Bradburne was Chief, Exhibits Branch and Chester Gray was Chief, Exhibits Operations.
Participants:
Countess Stella Andrassy, 1902-1998, solar and microwave cooking, Monmouth Junction, New Jersey
Edna Bard, 1912-2001, apple butter boiling, Harrisonville, Pennsylvania
Joycelene Strait, apple butter boiling, Harrisonville, Pennsylvania
Woody Strait, apple butter boiling, Harrisonville, Pennsylvania
Louise Swope, 1920-1986, apple butter boiling, Harrisonville, Pennsylvania
Henry Thomas, threshing, Washington, D.C.
Dennis Trout, ice cream maker, Bowie, Maryland
Junior Wagner, apple butter boiling, Harrisonville, Pennsylvania
Peggy Wagner, apple butter boiling, Harrisonville, Pennsylvania
Scotty Wairehime, threshing, Manchester, Maryland
Collection Restrictions:
Access to the Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections is by appointment only. Visit our website for more information on scheduling a visit or making a digitization request. Researchers interested in accessing born-digital records or audiovisual recordings in this collection must use access copies.
Collection Rights:
Permission to publish materials from the collection must be requested from the Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections. Please visit our website to learn more about submitting a request. The Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections make no guarantees concerning copyright or other intellectual property restrictions. Other usage conditions may apply; please see the Smithsonian's Terms of Use for more information.
Collection Citation:
Smithsonian Folklife Festival records: 1977 Festival of American Folklife, Ralph Rinzler Folklife Archives and Collections, Smithsonian Institution.
