Search Results

User:

Wong, Anna May  Search this

Physical Description:

cellulose acetate (overall material)

Measurements:

overall: 7 in x 2 1/2 in x 1 in; 17.78 cm x 6.35 cm x 2.54 cm

Object Name:

cigarette case

Date made:

around 1930s

Subject:

Tobacco Use  Search this

Chinese Americans  Search this

Asian Americans  Search this

Actors  Search this

ID Number:

2022.0275.02

Accession number:

2022.0275

Catalog number:

2022.0275.02

See more items in:

Culture and the Arts: Entertainment

Popular Entertainment

Exhibition:

New Acquisitions Case 3W

Exhibition Location:

National Museum of American History

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng439d4e71b-9126-46b5-a695-43947a102bad

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_2023245

Physical Description:

clay, pipe (overall material)

Measurements:

overall: 1 in x 6 1/8 in x 1 3/4 in; 2.54 cm x 15.5575 cm x 4.445 cm

Object Name:

pipe, tobacco

Other Terms:

Pipe; Smoking Equipment

Place made:

United States

Date made:

1860 - 1900

Subject:

Eagles  Search this

Flags  Search this

Liberty Cap  Search this

Elections  Search this

Political Campaigns  Search this

Presidential Candidates  Search this

Presidents  Search this

Personal Accessories  Search this

Smoking  Search this

Tobacco Use  Search this

Related event:

Presidential Campaign of 1860  Search this

Credit Line:

Gift of Mrs. Marcus Benjamin

ID Number:

DL.368372L

Catalog number:

368372L

Accession number:

129711

See more items in:

Home and Community Life: Domestic Life

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746b3-cbdd-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_312688

Culture/People:

Dene (Northern Athabascan)  Search this

Object Name:

Tobacco bag

Media/Materials:

Goose foot, duck foot, glass bead/beads

Techniques:

Sewn, edge beaded

Object Type:

Pipes and Smoking

Place:

Western Subarctic; Alaska; Canada, USA (inferred)

Catalog Number:

21/4660

Barcode:

214660.000

See related items:

Dene (Northern Athabascan)

Pipes and Smoking

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ws688e44e87-0f99-4a6b-9aa6-2ce46a934e65

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:NMAI_229078

Associated Name:

Post, Marjorie Merriweather  Search this

Physical Description:

metal (overall material)

paint (overall material)

wood (overall material)

Measurements:

overall: 98 in x 51 in; 248.92 cm x 129.54 cm

Object Name:

Figure

tobbaco shop statue

tobbaco shop figure

figure, tobacco shop

Cigar Store Figure

Place made:

United States

Location where used:

United States

Date made:

1893

Subject:

Tobacco Use  Search this

Stereotypes  Search this

Credit Line:

Marjorie Merriweather Post

ID Number:

CL.58.0068

Accession number:

219737

Catalog number:

58.0068

See more items in:

Culture and the Arts: Folk Art

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a4-ca42-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_661688

Physical Description:

iron (overall material)

paint (overall material)

wood, redwood (overall material)

Measurements:

overall: 792 in x 51 in x 90 in; 2011.68 cm x 129.54 cm x 228.6 cm

Object Name:

Shop Figure

figure, shop

Place made:

United States: California, Santa Clara

Used:

United States: California, San Jose

United States: California, Alameda

Date made:

ca 1850 - 1900

Subject:

Hunting  Search this

Tobacco Use  Search this

Billiards  Search this

ID Number:

CL.65.0033

Catalog number:

65.0033

Accession number:

258075

See more items in:

Culture and the Arts: Folk Art

Advertising

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746a8-8d8c-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_997995

Culture/People:

possibly Yup'ik (Yupik) or Iñupiaq (attributed)  Search this

Previous owner:

Stamford Museum  Search this

Object Name:

Tobacco container

Media/Materials:

Wood, glass bead/beads

Techniques:

Carved, inlaid

Object Type:

Pipes and Smoking

Place:

Alaska; USA

Catalog Number:

23/180

Barcode:

230180.000

See related items:

Yup'ik (Yupik)

Pipes and Smoking

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ws60e672ff4-9b1a-4c0e-8f10-5aa2e14aa33c

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:NMAI_245165

Culture/People:

possibly Yup'ik (Yupik) or Iñupiaq (attributed)  Search this

Possible collector:

Judge Nathan Bijur, Non-Indian, 1862-1930  Search this

Previous owner:

Judge Nathan Bijur, Non-Indian, 1862-1930  Search this

Lilly Prochownick Bijur (Mrs. Nathan Bijur), Non-Indian, 1867-1944  Search this

Harry Bijur (Harry Ash Bijur), Non-Indian, 1887-1972  Search this

Madeline Bijur (Mrs. Harry Bijur), Non-Indian, 1901-1982  Search this

Donor:

Harry Bijur (Harry Ash Bijur), Non-Indian, 1887-1972  Search this

Madeline Bijur (Mrs. Harry Bijur), Non-Indian, 1901-1982  Search this

Object Name:

Cigar holder

Media/Materials:

Ivory

Techniques:

Carved

Dimensions:

5.7 cm

Object Type:

Made-for-Sale items and Souvenirs

Place:

Alaska; USA

Date created:

1880-1900

Catalog Number:

23/5659

Barcode:

235659.000

See related items:

Yup'ik (Yupik)

Made-for-Sale items and Souvenirs

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ws6368368ca-c54d-4f29-b536-0a6d9fda9ffc

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:NMAI_250972

Culture/People:

possibly Yup'ik (Yupik) or Iñupiaq (attributed)  Search this

Collector:

George Thornton Emmons (George T. Emmons/G.T. Emmons), Non-Indian, 1852-1945  Search this

Seller:

George Thornton Emmons (George T. Emmons/G.T. Emmons), Non-Indian, 1852-1945  Search this

Object Name:

Tobacco bag

Media/Materials:

Hide, fur

Techniques:

Sewn

Object Type:

Pipes and Smoking

Place:

Alaska; USA

Catalog Number:

2/8463

Barcode:

028463.000

See related items:

Yup'ik (Yupik)

Pipes and Smoking

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ws68a491a2b-b325-49ae-9244-f9f7cbb597e1

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:NMAI_30273

Donor Name:

U. S. Department of the Navy  Search this

Object Type:

Snuff Tube

Place:

Silemit River (Selawik River?), Alaska, United States, North America

Accession Date:

31 Jan 1887

Topic:

Ethnology  Search this

Accession Number:

018616

USNM Number:

E127906-0

See more items in:

Anthropology

Data Source:

NMNH - Anthropology Dept.

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/345da65f0-f64e-4639-a259-98c9112476f9

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8334516

Donor Name:

U. S. Department of the Navy  Search this

Object Type:

Tobacco Bag

Place:

Putnam River (Kobuk River), Alaska, United States, North America

Accession Date:

31 Jan 1887

Topic:

Ethnology  Search this

Accession Number:

018616

USNM Number:

E127936-0

See more items in:

Anthropology

Data Source:

NMNH - Anthropology Dept.

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/37c38053d-1a8a-489d-8b84-04a0a035b09f

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8334547

Collector:

Lucien M. Turner  Search this

Donor Name:

Smithsonian Institution  Search this

Object Type:

Snuff Tube

Place:

St. Michael, Norton Sound, Alaska, United States, North America

Accession Date:

9 Jun 1887

Topic:

Ethnology  Search this

Accession Number:

019248

USNM Number:

E129226-0

See more items in:

Anthropology

Data Source:

NMNH - Anthropology Dept.

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/399cbcd2f-44bc-421d-a8cd-e940d7521d13

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8335797

Collector:

Lucien M. Turner  Search this

Donor Name:

Smithsonian Institution  Search this

Object Type:

Snuff Tube

Place:

St. Michael, Norton Sound, Alaska, United States, North America

Accession Date:

9 Jun 1887

Topic:

Ethnology  Search this

Accession Number:

019248

USNM Number:

E129230-0

See more items in:

Anthropology

Data Source:

NMNH - Anthropology Dept.

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/33f180cf8-a9fc-473c-a25a-ce5e8cc1384b

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8335801

Collector:

Lucien M. Turner  Search this

Donor Name:

Smithsonian Institution  Search this

Object Type:

Tobacco Bag

Place:

Nulato, Yukon River, Alaska, United States, North America

Accession Date:

9 Jun 1887

Topic:

Ethnology  Search this

Accession Number:

019248

USNM Number:

E129355-0

See more items in:

Anthropology

Data Source:

NMNH - Anthropology Dept.

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/35ad49e86-1c3b-4d77-85fc-37532806cf9f

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmnhanthropology_8335931

Physical Description:

plastic (overall material)

Measurements:

overall: 1 1/4 in x 4 3/4 in x 3 7/8 in; 3.175 cm x 12.065 cm x 9.8425 cm

overall: 3 cm x 12 cm x 10 cm; 1 3/16 in x 4 3/4 in x 3 15/16 in

Object Name:

cigarette box

box, cigarette

Date made:

ca 1959

Credit Line:

Family of Willis L. and Ruth K. Dixon, through Mark E. Dixon

ID Number:

2008.3062.01

Nonaccession number:

2008.3062

Catalog number:

2008.3062.01

See more items in:

Medicine and Science: Medicine

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746ac-98fe-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_1348593

Physical Description:

plastic (overall material)

Measurements:

overall: 1 1/4 in x 4 3/4 in x 4 in; 3.175 cm x 12.065 cm x 10.16 cm

overall: 3 cm x 12 cm x 10 cm; 1 3/16 in x 4 3/4 in x 3 15/16 in

Object Name:

cigarette box

box, cigarette

Date made:

ca 1960

Credit Line:

Family of Willis L. and Ruth K. Dixon, through Mark E. Dixon

ID Number:

2008.3062.02

Nonaccession number:

2008.3062

Catalog number:

2008.3062.02

See more items in:

Medicine and Science: Medicine

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746ac-98ff-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_1348594

Physical Description:

plastic (overall material)

Measurements:

overall: 1 1/4 in x 4 3/4 in x 4 in; 3.175 cm x 12.065 cm x 10.16 cm

overall: 3 cm x 12 cm x 10 cm; 1 3/16 in x 4 3/4 in x 3 15/16 in

Object Name:

cigarette box

box, cigarette

Date made:

ca 1963

Credit Line:

Family of Willis L. and Ruth K. Dixon, through Mark E. Dixon

ID Number:

2008.3062.03

Nonaccession number:

2008.3062

Catalog number:

2008.3062.03

See more items in:

Medicine and Science: Medicine

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746ac-9900-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_1348595

Maker:

Tupper Corporation  Search this

Physical Description:

plastic (overall material)

Measurements:

overall: 1 1/8 in x 2 3/8 in x 3 1/4 in; 2.8575 cm x 6.0325 cm x 8.255 cm

overall: 8.5 cm x 6.1 cm x 2.9 cm; 3 3/8 in x 2 3/8 in x 1 1/8 in

Object Name:

cigarette box

box, cigarette

Place made:

United States: Massachusetts

Date made:

ca 1950s

Credit Line:

Family of Willis L. and Ruth K. Dixon, through Mark E. Dixon

ID Number:

2008.3062.04

Nonaccession number:

2008.3062

Catalog number:

2008.3062.04

See more items in:

Medicine and Science: Medicine

Data Source:

National Museum of American History

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ng49ca746ac-9901-704b-e053-15f76fa0b4fa

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmah_1348596

Creator:

Masferré, E. (Eduardo), 1909-1995  Search this

Extent:

152 Prints (silver gelatin)

Culture:

Igorot (Philippine people)  Search this

Kalinga (Philippine people)  Search this

Bontoks (Philippine people)  Search this

Ifugao (Philippine people)  Search this

Gaddang (Philippine people)  Search this

Kankanay (Philippine people)  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Prints

Photographs

Place:

Cordillera Administrative Region (Philippines)

Philippines

Date:

circa 1934-1956

Scope and Contents note:

Photographs made by Eduardo Masfere documenting the lives and culture of the Igorot (mountain) people, mainly Bontok and Kalinga. There are also a few photographs that relate to the Gaddang, Ifugao, and Kankanai peoples. Many of the photographs are portraits, though others show pipes and tobacco use, basketry and weaving, ceremonies, and agriculture.

Biographical/Historical note:

Eduardo Masferre (1909-1995) was born in the Gran Cordillera Central region of Luzon to a Spanish father and native Filipino mother from the Kankanai tribe. Between 1914 and 1921, the Masferre family lived in Spain, where Eduardo began his education. After completing his schooling in the Philippines, Masferre followed in his father's footsteps and became a missionary teacher and then a missionary administrator in Sagada. He began photographing the mountain tribes in 1934, documenting traditions that he feared would be lost. After World War II, he opened a photographic studio in Bontok, selling studio portraits as well as photographs of nearby villages. In 1988, a book of his photographs, E. Masferre: People of the Philippine Cordillera, was produced.

Local Call Number(s):

NAA Photo Lot 91-30

Location of Other Archival Materials:

A photograph of Masferre held in the National Anthropological Archives in Photo Lot R92-43.

Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Rights:

These photographs cannot be published without permission from Eduardo Masferre's heirs. Contact the repository for terms of use.

Topic:

Basket making  Search this

Tobacco  Search this

Tattooing  Search this

Pottery craft  Search this

Textile fabrics  Search this

Weaving  Search this

Rites and ceremonies  Search this

Dance  Search this

Agriculture  Search this

Cooking  Search this

Dwellings  Search this

Musical instruments  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Citation:

Photo lot 91-30, Eduardo Masferre photographs of the Luzon Cordillera, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NAA.PhotoLot.91-30

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw31fd2ca83-961b-4316-b41e-151c45161645

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-photolot-91-30

Collector:

Jackler, Robert K.  Search this

Extent:

20 Cubic feet (40 boxes, 1 map-folder)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Date:

circa 1898-2017

undated

Summary:

The collection documents the history of tobacco advertising in America through print advertisements (magazine and newspaper), emphasizing the deceptive advertising practices employed by the tobacco industry to lure and keep smokers. Many of the advertisements contain images of celebrities, athletes, and other notable persons who endorsed tobacco products as well as ethinic imagery.

Scope and Contents:

The collection consists of advertisements collected by Dr. Robert Jackler for his "Not a Cough in a Carload: Images from the Tobacco Industry Campaign to Hide the Hazards of Smoking" exhibition. The heart of the collection consists of paper advertisements from national magazines and newspapers dating from 1898-2017. The bulk of these materials are for cigarettes but also include cigars and tobacco. A smaller amount of material are advertisements for holders, lighters and matches, pipes, smokers' drops, and toothpaste. Included among these materials are also some point of purchase displays and ephemera from major tobacco companies.

The material emphasizes the deceptive advertising practices intended to convince people that tobacco use was safe, and the use of doctors, dentists, athletes, opera singers, actors, and others to endorse them. Actresses and actors that appeard in some of these advertisements included Lucille Ball, Madge Bellamy, Constance Bennett, Sam Bernard, Billie Burke, Eddie Cantor, Richard Carle, Sue Carol, Madeleine Carroll, Boake Carter, Charlie Chan, Charlie Chaplin, Ina Claire, George M. Cohan, Claudette Colbert, June Collyer, Betty Compson, Gary Cooper, Clifton Crawford, Myrna J. Darby, Marlene Dietrich, Dolores Del Rio, Sally Eilers, Clifton Fadiman, Douglas Fairbanks, William Faversham, W.C. Fields, Muriel Finley, Sidney Fox, Kay Francis, Janet Gaynor, Bill Haines, Jean Harlow, Miriam Hopkins, Jack Holt, Leslie Howard, Edmund Lowe, Al Jolson, Harry Lauder, Carole Lombard, Myrna Loy, Dorothy Mackaill, Herbert Marshall, Groucho Marx, Norina Matchabella, Philip Merivale, Robert Montgomery, Catherine Moylan, Ramon Novarro, Maureen O'Sullivan, Barbara Stanwyck, Margaret Sullavan, Norma Talmadge, Lawrence Tibbett, William T. Tilden, Spencer Tracy, Helen Twelvetrees, Lenore Ulric, Lupe Velez and David Warfield. Some of the athletes that endorsed tobacco products included Ty Cobb, James J. Corbett, Johnny Farrell, Lou Gehrig, Walter Hagen, Willie Hoppe, Matt McGrath, Vincent Richards, Damon Runyon, Babe Ruth, Earl Sande, Martin Sheridan, Fred Spencer, Jr., Gaston Strobino and Ted Williams. Musicians that appeared in some of the advertisements included Frances Alda, Carl Gantvoort, George Gershwin, Dinh Gilly, Nanette Guilford, Jack Henderson, Helen Jepson, Karl Jörn, Lauritz Melchior, Dick Powell, John Philip Sousa, and Leo Slezak. Other note worthy celebrities included Robert Lee, Amelia Earhart, Georges Fontana, Rube Goldberg, Martin Johnson, Alice Roosevelt Longworth, Marjorie Moss, Robert Taylor, Rudy Vallée, Amy Vanderbilt, King Vidor, George White, Florenz Ziegfeld, and Elsie de Wolfe.

To appeal to even wider audiences, advertisements incorporated iconic images such as Mount Rushmore, the American flag, the Statue of Liberty, and Santa Claus. Other advertisements used images of happy times and personal milestones, such as weddings, graduation day, Father's Day, etc., which smokers were told were incomplete without the aid of a cigarette.

Dr. Jackler later donated additional material which includes updated advertisements on modern themes, such as the economy (advertising touting bargain prices); technological changes (hard pack, improved filter, "light" cigarettes); and include more images of minorities. The initial donation had a series of advertisements with images of African Americans, but these additional ads allow researchers access to an even larger and more diverse set of examples of how tobacco was marketed to minorities. Dr. Jackler also expanded his research into much older magazines and newspapers. The addendum features advertisements from defunct, obscure, and short lived brands, in addition to the most popular and familiar ones. This enables researchers to study such themes as why the more successful companies' advertisements succeeded. These materials were integrated with the rest of the collection.

The collection is arranged into twelve series. Series one is cigarette advertisements dating from 1903-2017 and is divided by the media where it appeared in. Series two, contains advertisements for cigars dating from 1901-2017 and is also divided by media. Series three is chewing tobacco advertisements dating from 1898-2010 and is arranged into two subseries magazines and newspapers. Series four through series nine are advertisements marketing non-tobacco products and accessories for smokers. In addition, series ten contains point of purchase displays. Series eleven is born digital content. And finally, series twelve contains other forms of advertising and ephemera created by tobacco companies to assist in the sale of their products.

Arrangement:

The collection is arranged into twelve series.

Series 1, Cigarette Advertisements, 1903-2017, undated

Subseries 1.1, Magazine Advertisements, 1910-2017, undated

Subseries 1.2, Newspaper Advertisements, 1903-2004, undated

Series 2, Cigar Advertisements, 1901-2017, undated

Subseries 2.1, Magazine Advertisements, 1910-2017, undated

Subseries 2.2, Newspaper Advertisements, 1901-1958, undated

Series 3, Chewing Tobacco Advertisements, 1898-2010, undated

Subseries 3.1, Magazine Advertisements, 1898-2010, undated

Subseries 3.2, Newspaper Advertisements, 1907-1981, undated

Series 4, Holder Advertisements, 1923-1957, undated

Series 5, Lighters and Accessories Advertisements, 1934-1977, undated

Series 6, Matches Advertisements, 1949, undated

Series 7, Pipes Advertisements, 1920-1971, undated

Series 8, Smokers' Drops Advertisements, 1958

Series 9, Toothpaste Advertisements, 1920, undated

Series 10, Point of Purchase Displays, undated

Series 11, Born Digital Content, undated

Series 12, Ephemera, 1960-2013, undated

Series 13: 2017 Addenda

Biographical / Historical:

Dr. Robert K. Jackler was born on January 29, 1954 to Dr. Jacob Marlowe Jackler and Marilyn Epstein. He was raised in Waterville, Maine, and attended college and medical school in Boston, Massachusetts. He moved to California for a residency in Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery. In 1985, Dr. Jackler accepted a Neuroethology fellowship at the House Ear Clinic and joined the faculty at the University of California, San Francisco where he remained until 2003. Later that year he became the Sewall Professor and Chair of the Department at OHNS and professor in the Ddepartments of Neurosurgery and Surgery at the Stanford University School of Medicine.

Dr. Jackler's medical work exposed him to numerous patients suffering from tobacco-related health problems. In addition, his mother, Marilyn Jackler, died of cancer in 2007. That year he and his wife Laurie founded the research group SRITA (Stanford Research into the Impact of Tobacco Advertising). The purpose of SRITA was to use an interdisciplinary approach to examine the ways in which the tobacco industry targeted minority groups. SRITA also wanted to examine how the industry marketed new products. During this time Dr. Jackler and his wife also began to amass a collection of advertisements and artifacts relating to tobacco products. These effors cumulated in an exhibition of advertising imagery tracing how tobacco companies used deceptive and often patently false claims in an effort to reassure the public of the safety of their products. "Not a Cough in a Carload: Images from the Tobacco Industry Campaign to Hide the Hazards of Smoking" was dedicated to his mother, Marilyn Jackler, who started smoking as a young woman because "it was the sophisticated thing to do" and later was unable to quit. Dr. Jackler received support from Stanford's Lane Medical Library, where the exhibit opened with an accompanying website (http://lane.stanford.edu/tobacco/index.html). Dr. Jackler has authored numerous papers, textbook chapters, editorials, and books in addition to his teaching, medical practice, and collecting.

Related Materials:

There are several collections relating to the advertising and marketing of tobacco in the Archives Center. The Warshaw collection's series on "Tobacco Trade" consists of nine cubic feet of business ephemera, circa 1850-1950. The N W Ayer Advertising Agency Records contain complete advertising campaigns for over 130 tobacco brands, 1899-1951, for companies such as Fatima, Murad, Pall Mall, Philip Morris, and R.J. Reynolds. The Marlboro Oral History and Documentation Collection documents the development of the Marlboro Man advertising campaign, 1940-1986. The Virgil Johnson Collection of Cigarette Packages, circa 1890-1997, contains over six thousand packages arranged into albums. The Cornelius and Horne Collection of Cigarette Packages consists of seventy three labels collected by a United States Navy captain in the Pacific theatre in 1945.

Provenance:

The collection was donated by Robert K. Jackler in 2011.

Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning intellectual property rights. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Citation:

Marilyn E. Jackler Memorial Collection of Tobacco Advertisements circa 1890-2013, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.1224

See more items in:

Marilyn E. Jackler Memorial Collection of Tobacco Advertisements

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep830b9ab52-e44e-4a1a-907b-d4f1f35e47a2

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-1224

Creator:

Boyden, Uriah A. (Uriah Atherton), 1804-1879  Search this

Francis, Joseph Sidney  Search this

Schultze, Bernhard  Search this

Names:

American Association for the Advancement of Science  Search this

Ames Manufacturing Company  Search this

Amoskeag Manufacturing Company.  Search this

Atlantic Cotton Mills  Search this

Boston and Lowell Railroad Corporation  Search this

Boston and Roxbury Mill Corporation  Search this

Boston and Worcester Railroad Corporation  Search this

Hamilton Manufacturing Company (Lowell, Mass.).  Search this

Jackson Manufacturing Company.  Search this

Lawrence Company.  Search this

Lowell Appleton Company.  Search this

Lowell Manufacturing Company.  Search this

Manchester Printing Works.  Search this

Merrimack Manufacturing Company.  Search this

New England Glass Company.  Search this

Saco Water Power Company.  Search this

Salmon Falls Manufacturing Company.  Search this

Smithsonian Institution  Search this

Stark Mills  Search this

Suncook Mills Company.  Search this

Tilestons & Holllingsworth Upper Mill.  Search this

Boyden, Seth  Search this

Francis, James B. (James Bicheno), 1815-1892  Search this

Nobel, Alfred Bernhard, 1833-1896  Search this

Sawyer, Edward  Search this

Storrow, Charles S. (Charles Storer), 1809-1904  Search this

Straw, Ezekiel Albert, 1819-1882  Search this

Extent:

21 Cubic feet (20 boxes, 45 map folders)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Patents

Newspapers

Correspondence

Clippings

Articles

Drawings

Financial records

Legal documents

Notebooks

Place:

Nashua (N.H.)

Lowell (Mass.)—Industries

Manchester (N.H.)

Brookline (Mass.)

Brandon (Vt.)

Charlestown (Boston, Mass.)

Boston (Mass.)

Foxborough (Mass. : Town)

Date:

1806-1879

bulk 1830-1879

Summary:

Papers of Uriah A. Boyden (1804-1879), a Boston civil and mechanical engineer and the inventor of the Boyden turbine. Materials include correspondence, notes, calculations, articles, notebooks, legal documents, financial documents, patents and patent assignments, design drawings, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, business cards, and a print of a daguerreotype.

Scope and Content:

This collection documents the activities of Uriah Atherton Boyden (1804-1879), a Boston civil and mechanical engineer. The papers cover the span of Boyden's life, but the bulk of the papers date from between 1830 and 1879. The materials relate to his professional engineering life, including his work as an engineer for the Nashua and Lowell Railroad Corporation and his work with turbines at New England mills and manufacturing companies. The collection also contains papers that illustrate his scientific interests, including sound, meteorology, chemistry, and physics. Materials include correspondence, notes, calculations, articles, notebooks, legal documents, financial documents, patents and patent assignments, design drawings, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, business cards, and a print of a daguerreotype.

Series 1, Correspondence, 1823-1879, consists of three subseries: Subseries 1, Outgoing Correspondence, 1830-1879; Subseries 2, Incoming Correspondence, 1823-1879; and Subseries 3, Miscellaneous Correspondence, 1825-1879. The bulk of the series is comprised of letters, although some telegrams are included. The majority of Boyden's letters discuss his business dealings and scientific interests, but some correspondence is related to family matters. Family correspondents include his brothers Seth Boyden (1788-1870), William Pitts Boyden, Otis Boyden, Benjamin F. Boyden, and Alexander Boyden (1791-1881); his sisters Sarah Boyden (d. 1834) and Sabra Smith; and his parents Seth (1764-1840) and Susanna Boyden. He also corresponded with his niece Susan Boyden Burnet and sister-in-law Abigail Boyden. Subjects discussed include Seth Boyden's illness, death, and will in 1840 and Sarah Boyden's death in 1834.

Correspondence from the 1830s discusses the construction of the dry dock at the Charlestown Navy Yard, Massachusetts; experiments conducted at the Boston and Roxbury Mill Dam; Boyden's work as Chief Engineer for the Nashua and Lowell Railroad Corporation and his subsequent lawsuit against the Nashua and Lowell Railroad Corporation over a pay dispute; the employment of assistants; and the construction of a mill at the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company.

Frequent correspondents include William Livingston, who was deposed in Boyden's lawsuit of the Nashua and Lowell Railroad Company; F. George Stark of Amoskeag Village; John Jacques of Worcester, Massachusetts; R. Read of Amoskeag Manufacuring Company; and Ezekial Albert Straw (1819-1882), a civil engineer and agent for the Amoskeag Manufacuring Company and the governor of New Hampshire from 1872-1874. Correspondence from the 1840s is primarily about turbines. Subjects include the development of the Boyden Turbine at the Lowell Appleton Company and Boyden's patents (US Patents 5,068, 5,090, 5,114, 10,026, and 10,027).

Other topics include the Merrimack Manufacturing Company's new mill; the Stark Company's turbine; turbine pits for the Merrimack Company's Picking House; Boyden's design for a turbine built at the Lowell Machine Shop and used at Tilestons & Hollingsworth Upper Mill; and requests for books. During this period, Boyden sent letters to various manufacturing companies and mills, informing them he would be willing to sell his patent rights for turbine improvements and provide plans and specifications, although he would not oversee the construction of turbines. Recipients of these letters include hydraulic engineer James B. Francis, P. T. Jackson, treasurer of the Proprietors of Locks and Canals; T. G. Cary, treasurer of the Appleton Company; John Avery, agent of the Hamilton Manufacturing Company; Alexander Wright, agent of the Lowell Manufacturing Company; Charles T. Storrow, treasurer of the Essex Company and the Atlantic Cotton Mills; R. Read, agent of the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company; Amos A. Lawrence, treasurer of Salmon Falls Manufacturing Company; John Mixer, treasurer of the Suncook Manufacturing Company; and William Dwight, treasurer of the Saco Water Power Company.

Letters relating to the Atlantic Cotton Mills turbine design, testing, and lawsuit comprise a portion of the correspondence from the late 1840s and 1850s. Other correspondence from the 1850s includes letters to and from Boyden's employee Norman W. Stearns, who traveled to California and Australia; discussion of the testing of a turbine at the Hamilton Manufacturing Company Mills at Lowell; an extract from a report on the power derived from the tides at the Boston and Roxbury Mill Dam; a letter from the Smithsonian Institution encouraging Boyden to publish his research on turbines; and the difficulties with turbine experiments at the Nashua Manufacturing Company's mills. Boyden continued to offer his patent rights to various companies, including James T. Ames, agent of the Ames Manufacturing Company, and Ezekial Albert Straw, agent of the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company.

Some letters were written by assistant Edward Sawyer on behalf of Uriah Boyden. Letters from the 1860s include Boyden's correspondence with the Franklin Institute in Philadelphia concerning the prize he created for any resident of North America who could determine by experiment whether all rays of light are transmitted at the same velocity. Common subjects include turbines; physics; Henri Giffard's invention of the injector; an apparatus for atmospheric electrical experiments; expanding gas; and the purchase of chemical substances.

There are many letters to the Bailliere Brothers, importers of periodicals; and E. G. Wallis, the Assistant Assessor of the third district of Boston for taxes. In 1862, Boyden wrote a letter to Massachusetts Governor John A. Andrew offering a letter of recommendation for hydraulic engineer James B. Francis. Boyden also paid for a lecture in 1862 given by George Boutwell on liberating some Southern slaves. Letters from the 1870s discuss a variety of topics, including patents, the New England Glass Company, and the purchase of books. Finally, a folder of miscellaneous materials includes several letters of recommendation and introduction for Boyden, and a few letters neither to nor from Boyden.

Series 2, Notes on Turbines, 1833-1870, contains primarily Boyden's notes and calculations relating to the design, development, construction, and testing of turbines. There are also drawings of turbines, excerpts from scholarly journals about turbines, and the manuscript article about turbines for American Cabinet authored by Boyden. A published copy of this article is located in Series 10, Printed Material, 1835-1879. Some materials are in French.

A large portion of the papers are the calculations and results of experiments on Turbine No. 3 of the Atlantic Cotton Mills. More information on these experiments can be found in the Series 5, Notebooks, 1819-1867, and Series 6, Lawsuits, 1836-1864. Experiments conducted at the Appleton Company, where Boyden developed the Boyden turbine, appear in this series.

The turbine notes also contain measurements and computations for turbines for the Chicopee Manufacturing Company; designs and calculations for the Tileston and Hollingsworth's turbine in Dorchester, Massachusetts; an estimate for installing turbines for the Jackson Company; and a report to the Boston Water Power Company on the estimate of power from the Boston and Roxbury Mill Dam. Boyden was assisted in his calculations and experiments by Maximilian L. G. Wilde, Edward Sawyer, [Neil?], W. Mertz, David Dows, and James Emerson. The series contains an oversize miscellaneous folder comprised of calculations and tables.

Series 3, Subject Files, circa 1827-1875, contains groups of papers that Boyden assembled into packets and numbered and labeled with topical categories. The papers cover a wide range of topics. A large portion of the materials are excerpts or notes from published sources, although some packets contain Boyden's own calculations, tables, and surveys. Some materials are in French, German, and Greek and some have been translated from French and German into English.

One subject Boyden explores in depth is tobacco, including the tobacco trade, taxes on tobacco, consumption statistics from the United States and Europe, different varieties of plants, and tobacco's effect on health, including whether or not it contributes to mental illness. In addition, he discusses alcohol's effect on health; whether crime is connected with drinking alcohol, liquor licensing laws, and the option of prohibition in Massachusetts. He was also interested in the early history of the Bible, including how it was translated from the original Hebrew and how Egyptian connects to Old Testament history. Boyden compares different religious practices, including Islam, Buddhism, Taoism, Confucianism, and ancient Greek and Egyptian religion.

Boyden collected a great deal of information from census data in the United States and Great Britain. In the Boston area, he looks at the number of births among Irish immigrants compared to native born Americans, and in particular explores whether tobacco use increases or decreases births among Irish immigrants. He also utilizes population statistics to discuss mental illness in both Europe and the United States. Like Series 4, Notes and Papers, 1806-1879, the Subject Files contain statistics on the cause of and response to fires in Boston.

Finally, the Subject Files include information on a variety of scientific subjects. For instance, a portion of materials discuss hydraulic lime, atomic theory and molecules, chemistry, thermoelectricity, meteorology, astronomy, batteries, and water pressure through pipes. Boyden quotes from Charles Darwin's On the Origin of Species in his explorations of natural history. Several packets are comprised of surveys of property lots in Brookline, Massachusetts and the Longwood area of Boston. Sources Boyden utilized include publications such as the Encyclopaedia Britannica, the Bible, the New York Herald, The Boston Daily Advertiser, L'Annales des Ponts et Chaussées (The Annals of the Department of Civil Engineering), Brockhaus's Encyclopaedia, Annals of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Les Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences (The Proceedings of the French Academy of Sciences), Annales de Chimie et de Physique (Annals of Chemistry and Physics), Annales d'Hygiène (Annals of Hygiene), Appleton's Cyclopaedia, Hunt's Merchant's Magazine, Esquirol's Treatise on Mental Maladies, The London Times, and Poggendorff's Annals. The packets also contain call slips from the Boston Athenaeum and the Boston Public Library.

Series 4, Notes and Papers, 1806-1879, consists of a wide range of material. Some papers are in French and German, or translated from published French and German into English. The series encompasses notes from Boyden's scientific experiments and observations. One subject Boyden studied indepth was meteorology, and the series contains weather observations, recordings of temperature and air pressure, and eyewitness accounts of unusual weather.

In addition, Boyden conducted experiments on the effect of a dam in the Merrimack River, the specific heat of steam, electricity, the effects of rays on bisulphide of carbon, glass making, and oils. Five notebooks document experiments on the chemical combination of oxygen with liquids at atmospheric temperatures. Furthermore, the series contains information on sound experiments made at Chelsea, Massachusetts, and at the Charlestown, Massachusetts aqueduct, which are also discussed in Series 5, Notebooks, 1819-1867, and Series 9, Drawings, circa 1835-1872. Boyden conducted surveys of various industrial projects, including the Jackson Manufacturing Company's mill work and dam; the sewers of Lowell, Massachusetts; the Nashua Mills; the aqueduct, cistern and pumping apparatus for the Boston Iron Company; the Lewiston Water Power Company; the bursting of a locomotive for the Boston and Lowell Railroad; and the cold well at Brandon, Vermont.

The series consists of several folders of drawings, including sketches of an apparatus for making signal sounds, and a design for a mercurial pump, and various scientific instruments. There are also copies of drawings of a differential galvanometer, dynamometer, pneumatic apparatus, and pneumatic glasses. The originals are located in Series 9, Drawings, circa 1835-1872. A significant portion of the series consists of Boyden's investigations of the causes of fires in Boston, including statistics and eyewitness accounts. The series also contains Boyden's computations and design for a chronometer.

Boyden is the author of several published papers found in this series, including "Researches in Meteorology," "Paper on Mechanical force," "An Essay on Caloric's Repulsing Caloric and its Attracting Ponderable Matter," and "Paper on Sound." "Explosions produced by Niter in Burning Buildings" appeared in The Boston Post May 9, 1862. Boyden also wrote Researches in Physics, which was printed in 1863. The series also contains translations and copies of papers and articles on various scientific subjects, including magnetism, electricity, heat, light, meteorology, and physics. These include articles from the Annales de Chimie et de Physique (Annals of Chemistry and Physics), the Bulletin des Sciences Mathématiques (Bulletin of the Mathematical Sciences), the Annalen der Physik und Chemie (Annals of Physics and Chemistry), Mémoires de l'Academie Royale (Imperial) des Sciences de l'Institut de France, and Les Comptes Rendus de l'Académie des Sciences (The Proceedings of the French Academy of Sciences). Boyden also collected single works, including A Treatise on the Heat of Permanent Gases by John Plana, New Branch of Physics, or Studies Concerning Bodies in the Spheroidal State by P. H. Boutigny, and Thermochrosis, or Calorific Coloration by Macedoine Melloni.

Nine miscellaneous folders contain citations from encyclopedias, notes from scientific articles and newspapers, calculations, notes on laws, notes from experiments, a tide table, accounts of the weather, directions for experiments, specifications for a section of a canal built in Lowell by the Proprietors of the Locks and Canals, and a description of a heliostat. One oversize miscellaneous folder contains a legal document concerning lease from the Boston and Roxbury Mill Corporation to Horace Gray, a plan of a screwdriver, a table of experiments made in grinding rye at the City Mills, and experiments on the flow of water over dams made at the Lower Locks in Lowell, Massachusetts.

Series 5, Notebooks, 1819-1867, consists of bound notebooks ranging in size from 5" x 7" to 7" x 8". The notebooks demonstrate Boyden's wide-ranging scientific interests. They contain primarily technical information, such as experiments on sound, electromagnetism, and thermometers and include drawings and tables with data. His notebooks include excerpts from scientific journals on physics and chemistry, including some materials in French.

The personal memoranda feature notes from his travels around New England and the Mid-Atlantic States, including descriptions of railroads, dams, and mills; bridges in Georgetown, Washington, District of Columbia; a smelting furnace in Pottsville, Pennsylvania; and the Baltimore Water Works aqueduct. Several additional personal notebooks document Boyden's property and expenditures. Many notebooks were written or corrected by others, presumably Boyden's assistants, including Edward Sawyer, Levi York, Maximilian S. G. Wilde, Charles Leonard, Charles Mason, Jeremiah Dickson, L.W. Cushing, and A. Neill. One common subject is Boyden's work with turbines and water-wheels at New England mills and manufacturing companies. Many notebooks record turbine experiments at the Lowell Appleton Company, where Boyden developed the Boyden turbine, and at the Atlantic Cotton Mills. For more information on Boyden's work at the Atlantic Cotton Mills, see Series 6, Lawsuits, 1836-1864 and Series 2, Notes on Turbines, 1833-1870.

Other notebooks document Boyden's involvement in the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company in Manchester, New Hampshire, where he developed a hydraulic power system. Other mills Boyden studied include the Stark Mills, the Lawrence Company's mills, and the Boston and Roxbury Mill Dam. Boyden was interested in the construction of canals and locks, including the Weston Canal near Lowell, Massachusetts. Railroad surveys comprise a significant portion of the notebooks' content and include his work with railroad companies, including the Boston and Lowell Railroad Corporation and the Boston and Worcester Railroad Corporation. Boyden conducted a survey of a cold well at Brandon, Vermont. More information about that well can be found in Series 3, Subject Files, circa 1827-1875, and Series 3, Notes and Papers, 1806-1879.

Series 6, Lawsuits, 1836-1864, consists of legal materials related to lawsuits Boyden was involved in, both as a plaintiff and as a witness. The majority of the series is comprised of documents relating to Boyden's Atlantic Cotton Mills lawsuit, a conflict over whether Boyden had a right to conduct tests on turbines built from his design at the Atlantic Cotton Mills. The suit also involved a dispute over Boyden's patent rights to his turbine improvements used at the Atlantic Cotton Mills. On February 14, 1856, the court decided in favor of Boyden, and required the Atlantic Cotton Mills to award him reparations.

The series contains copies of correspondence related to Boyden's dealings with the Atlantic Cotton Mills, including letters to and from Charles S. Storrow and William Gray, treasurers of the Atlantic Cotton Mills. Also included are depositions; replies to allegations; Boyden's drafts of his answers to interrogatories; and calculations, notes, and drawings, presumably used as evidence in court. Bernhard Schultze (see Series 12, Bernhard Schultze Materials, 1837-1857) compared and corrected Boyden's November 21, 1855 reply to the answer of the Atlantic Cotton Mills and a statement of some expenses in measuring the power expended in actuating turbine No. 3 of the Atlantic Cotton Mills.

Also included are letters of reference for Boyden, probably related to his lawsuit of the Nashua and Lowell Railroad; Boyden's answers to interrogatories filed by the Boston Water Power Company in the case of Boston Water Power Company v. Horace Gray, which also includes his answers to interrogatories filed by the Boston and Worcester Railroad Company in regard to the receiving basin of the Boston Water Power Company; and Boyden's deposition in the case of Oswego Canal Company v. Henry M. Ames & Isaac L. Merriam.

Series 7, Financial Papers, 1820-1876, contains both personal and business financial papers. A large portion documents the New England Glass Company, including records of the stockholders meetings and end of year reports on the financial state of the company. There are also copies of receipts of bills Boyden sent to companies he worked for, including the Atlantic Cotton Mills, the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company, the Boston and Lowell Railroad Corporation, the Ames Manufacturing Company, the Salmon Falls Manufacturing Company, the Lowell Machine Shop, and the Holyoke Water Power Company. Boyden also received stock dividends from some of the same companies and others, including the Merrimack Manufacturing Company, the New England Glass Company, the Old Colony Railroad Company, Stark Manufacturing Company, the Lancaster Mills, the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company, the Boston and Lowell Railroad Corporation, and the Boston Gas Light Company.

Another aspect of the papers includes Boyden's requests to buy certain items, including metals, glass cylinders, and wire for his experiments; books in English, French and German; and periodicals. There are also reports of Boyden's income for the Internal Revenue Service dating from 1864-1871. One document is a quitclaim deed for the Savin Hill property in Dorchester, Massachusetts, which Boyden surveyed. Surveying records can be found in Series 3, Subject Files, circa 1827-1875.

Series 8, Patents, 1838-1847, consists of three subseries, Subseries 1, Boyden's Patents, 1843-1847; Subseries 2, Other Patents, 1838-1843; and Subseries 3, Patent Assignments, 1849-1856.

Subseries 1, Boyden's Patents, 1843-1847, consists of issued patents for Boyden's turbine improvements with attached drawings and specifications, including patents for improvement in turbines, September 20, 1843 (US Patent 10,026); improvement in hydraulic motors, September 20, 1843 (US Patent 10,027); improvements in hanging shafts of waterwheels, April 17, 1847 (US Patent 5,068); and improvement in diffuser for waterwheels, May 1, 1847 (US Patent 5,090).

Subseries 2, Other Patents, 1838-1843, consists of a patent granted to John R. Wheeler for an improved waterwheel on April 14, 1838, and a patent granted to Amasa B. Beckwith for improvement in waterwheels on October 20, 1843.

Subseries 3, Patent Assignments, 1849-1856, consists of legal documents giving various companies the right to use Boyden's patented turbine improvements in their mills in exchange for royalties. Companies include the Great Falls Manufacturing Company, the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company, the Appleton Company, the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company, the Merrimack Manufacturing Company, the Lowell Manufacturing Company, and the Lowell Machine Shop.

Series 9, Drawings, circa 1835-1872, contains oversize drawings and some tables, ranging in size from approximately 48'' x 30'' to 21'' x 30''. Some of the papers are brittle and crumble easily. The series contains one work in German, "Werke Theorie und Bau der Wasserraeder" (A Work on the Theory and Construction of Waterwheels).

A significant portion of the series consists of Boyden's designs for turbines used at various mills throughout New England, including the Ames Manufacturing Company; the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company; the Appleton Company, the Atlantic Cotton Mills; the Hamilton Manufacturing Company; the Essex Company Machine Shop and Blacksmith Shop; the Lancaster Mill; the Manchester Printing Works; the Merrimack Manufacturing Company; the Merrimack Print Works; the Perkins Mills the Salmon Falls Manufacturing Company; the Stark Mills; and the New England Worsted Company and Suncook Manufacturing Company. More information on Boyden's work designing turbines for these companies can be found in Series 1, Correspondence, 1823-1879; Series 2, Notes on Turbines, 1833-1870; and Series 5, Notebooks, 1819-1867.

Of particular note are drawings from "Lowell Hydraulic Experiments", a work published in 1855 by James B. Francis. Francis developed an improved turbine based on the inward flow Poncelet turbine, which became known as the Francis turbine and was more efficient than the outward flow Boyden turbine. Boyden was an associate of Francis's, but it is unclear how closely involved he was in the development of the Francis turbine. One subseries, Boyden's improvements, contains drawings that demonstrate Boyden's development of new turbines.

The series also includes records from Boyden's experiments on sound in Charlestown, Massachusetts. Notes from other experiments on sound can be found in Series 4, Notes and Papers, 1806-1879, and Series 5, Notebooks, 1819-1867. Included in the series are designs for various tools, including a chronometer, differential galvanometer, hydraulic apparatus, and pneumatic glasses. Smaller copies of some of these drawings can be found in Series 4, Notes and Papers, 1806-1879.

Two folders of miscellaneous materials include several tables documenting people admitted to mental hospitals, the observation of tides made at the Charlestown Navy Yard; a table of fires in Boston; experiments on the wheel of the Poncelet System; a plan and sections for showing the results of surveys at the cold well in Brandon, Vermont; and designs for a brass apparatus, a rack of reflectors, an apparatus for measuring the heights of water, a glass scale, and a dynamometer. Nine folders contain unidentified drawings.

Series 10, Printed Material, 1835-1879, contains newspaper clippings and other printed material collected by Boyden. The major subjects covered by the newspaper clippings include a campaign to supply Boston with drinking water, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, and the Smithsonian Institution. Other newspaper clippings discuss the career of Patrick Tracy Jackson, the founder of the Merrimack Manufacturing Company; Boyden's turbine wheel; railway accidents; a court case involving an escaped slave; the rotation of the earth; the establishment of a public library in Boston; the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; the Louisiana imbroglio of 1874-1875; and smoking. Boyden frequently clipped from the Daily Evening Traveller, the Boston Advertiser, The Boston Atlas, the Boston Post, and the Boston Evening Transcript. Some newspapers have been saved and placed in a folder in a map case drawer.

The series also includes a pamphlet entitled Martin's Twenty-One Years in the Boston Stock Market, or Fluctuations Therein from January 1835 to January 1856, two bulletins of new books offered by the Boston Public Library and marked up by Boyden, patents for Alfred Nobel's new explosive compound, several of Boyden's business cards, a print portrait of Boyden, and a metal sign that hung outside his office in Boston. The series contains one miscellaneous file that includes items such as a price list for mechanists' tools, an article on the phenomena of sound, and a table of the work and expenses on the Boston and Lowell Railroad.

Series 11, Seth Boyden Materials, 1840-1841, is comprised of documents related to the death of Uriah Boyden's father, Seth Boyden (1764-1840). Included are drawings of the headstones for the graves of Seth Boyden (1764-1840) and Uriah Boyden's sister, Sarah Boyden; Seth Boyden's last will and testament; a poster for an executer's sale; and the account of Uriah Boyden and Benjamin F. Boyden, the executers of Seth Boyden's (1764-1840) last will and testament.

Series 12, Bernhard Schultze Materials, 1837-1857, contains the letters and papers of Bernhard Schultze, a man employed by Boyden as a translator from around November 26, 1853 until his death in August 1857. Schultze was a witness in the case of Boyden v. Atlantic Cotton Mills and compared and corrected materials related to the case. These can be found in Series 6, Lawsuits, 1836-1864. He died from a head injury that occurred in Boyden's offices at 81 Washington Street.

More information about the accident in Boyden's official statement, August 17, 1857, to the coroner and the jury investigating Schultze's death, in Series 1, Correspondence, 1823-1879. Half of the materials are in German and consist of correspondence, receipts, registered letter slips, a medical bill, and a program for the Paine Festival and Annual Ball in 1857. Several of the documents relate to politics in the late 1850s and the election of 1856. Included is a newspaper article reporting on a pro-German James Buchanan rally; a circular supporting John C. Fremont and William L. Dayton, the Republican ticket in the election of 1856; and the by-laws of the Boston Kansas Club.

Series 13, Joseph Sidney Francis Materials, circa 1855-1872, consists of drawings made by Joseph Sidney Francis while studying at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. They are labeled as the property of James B. Francis, the hydraulic engineer and inventor of the Francis turbine who worked closely with Boyden. Included in this series are tables documenting the number of fires in Boston and the number of people admitted to French mental hospitals.

Arrangement:

The papers are arranged into thirteen series. The contents of each series or subseries is arranged chronologically, with the exception of Series 3, which is arranged numerically, and Series 9, which is arranged alphabetically by subject. The series and subseries arrangement of the papers are as follows:

Series 1, Correspondence, 1823-1879

Subseries 1, Outgoing, 1830-1879

Subseries 2, Incoming, 1823-1879

Subseries 3, Miscellaneous, 1825-1879

Series 2, Notes on Turbines, 1833-1870

Series 3, Subject Files, circa 1827-1875

Series 4, Notes and Papers, 1806-1879

Series 5, Notebooks, 1819-1867

Series 6, Lawsuits, 1836-1864

Series 7, Financial Papers, 1820-1876

Series 8, Patents, 1838-1847

Subseries 1, Boyden Patents, 1843-1847

Subseries 2, Other Patents, 1838-1843

Subseries 3, Patent Assignments, 1849-1856

Series 9, Drawings, circa 1835-1872

Series 10, Printed Material, 1835-1879

Series 11, Seth Boyden (1764-1840) Materials, 1840-1841

Series 12, Bernhard Schultze Materials, 1837-1857

Series 13, Joseph Sidney Francis Materials, circa 1855-1872

Administrative/Biographical History:

Civil and mechanical engineer and multi-faceted scientist, Uriah Atherton Boyden was born on February 17, 1804 in Foxborough, Massachusetts. His father Seth Boyden (1764-1849) was a farmer and blacksmith and invented a machine to split leather (Reynolds 2010). His brother Seth Boyden (1788-1870) was a noted inventor in Newark, New Jersey, and in 1825 Boyden worked for him in a "leather and sheepskin bookbinding business" (Reynolds 2010). Boyden moved back to Massachusetts in 1828 and worked with James Hayward on surveys for the Boston and Providence Railroad, and with Loammi Baldwin on a dry dock for the Charlestown Navy Yard (now Boston Navy Yard) (Reynolds 2010). In the 1830s he opened his own engineering practice and worked on mills in the growing industrial center of Lowell, Massachusetts and was the chief engineer from 1836-1838 on the Nashua and Lowell Railroad. He designed a hydraulic power system for the Amoskeag Manufacturing Company in Manchester, New Hampshire around 1840 (American Society of Mechanical Engineers 1975, 5).

Boyden is best known for inventing the Boyden turbine, "the first turbine to be manufactured in quantity in the United States"(American Society of Mechanical Engineers 1975, 1). Boyden developed this turbine around 1844 while working for the Appleton Company in Lowell, Massachusetts(American Society of Mechanical Engineers 1975, 5). Boyden improved the efficiency of the Fourneyron outward flow turbine by "providing a conical approach passage for the incoming water… providing guide vanes in the outlet passages and by adding a submerged diffuser" (American Society of Mechanical Engineers 1975, 2). Boyden assigned his patent rights to a number of mills and manufacturing companies in New England and provided them with plans and specifications for turbines, although he did not oversee construction.

The Boyden turbine was superseded in 1849 by the more efficient inward flow Francis turbine, developed by James B. Francis with Boyden's assistance (American Society of Mechanical Engineers 1975, 2-3). The Francis turbine is now used throughout the world (Reynolds 2010).

After 1850, Boyden focused on scientific pursuits, including chemistry, physics, and meteorology. His other interests included the causes of fires in Boston, tobacco's effect on people's health, and mental illness in Europe and the United States. However, he rarely published the results of his research (Reynolds 2010). In 1874, Boyden "deposited $1,000 with the Franklin Institute of Philadelphia to be awarded to any resident of North America who should determine by experiment whether light and other physical rays are transmitted at the same velocity" (American Society of Mechanical Engineers 1975, 5). No one has claimed the prize. Boyden died on October 17, 1879 in Boston. In his will, he bequeathed approximately $250,000 to Harvard University, which it used to build an observatory in Peru (Reynolds 2010). The Boyden Observatory is now located in South Africa.

Reference List

1975. The 102-inch Boyden Hydraulic Turbines at Harmony Mill No. 3, Cohoes, New York. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. http://files.asme.org/ASMEORG/Communities/History/Landmarks/5507.pdf, (accessed 18 July 2010).

Reynolds, Terry S. 2010. Boyden, Uriah Atherton. American National Biography Online. Oxford University Press. http://www.anb.org/articles/13/13-00178.html (accessed 18 July 2010).

Provenance:

Unknown.

Restrictions:

Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.

Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rules may apply. Reproduction permission from Archives Center: reproduction fees may apply.

Topic:

Water-wheels  Search this

Tobacco  Search this

Thermometers  Search this

Thermoelectricity  Search this

Specific heat  Search this

Sound  Search this

Religions  Search this

Railroads -- Surveying  Search this

Railroads -- Construction  Search this

Radiometers  Search this

Pneumatics  Search this

Physics  Search this

Optics  Search this

Ozone  Search this

Natural history  Search this

Mental illness  Search this

Mills and mill-work  Search this

Dividends  Search this

Civil engineers  Search this

Chemistry  Search this

Chronometer  Search this

Census  Search this

Atomic theory  Search this

Fires -- Massachusetts -- Boston  Search this

Drinking of alcoholic beverages -- Law and legislation  Search this

Hydraulic turbines  Search this

Inventions -- 19th century  Search this

Glass manufacture  Search this

Hydraulic engineering and engineers  Search this

Lawsuits  Search this

Inventors -- 19th century  Search this

Genre/Form:

Patents -- 1840-1850

Newspapers

Correspondence -- 19th century

Clippings

Articles

Drawings

Financial records

Legal documents

Notebooks

Citation:

Uriah A. Boyden Papers, 1806-1879, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.0982

See more items in:

Uriah A. Boyden Papers

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep885c5f4ab-b3e4-41bb-b41e-da133b559eae

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0982