Search Results

Editor:

Griffin, Gabriele  Search this

Leibetseder, Doris  Search this

Physical description:

1 online resource (vi, 271 pages)

Type:

Electronic resources

Electronic books

Date:

2020

Topic:

Human body and technology  Search this

Biotechnology--Social aspects  Search this

Biotechnology--Technology transfer  Search this

Biotechnology  Search this

Corps humain et technologie  Search this

Biotechnologie--Aspect social  Search this

Biotechnologie--Transfert de technologie  Search this

Biotechnologie  Search this

bioengineering  Search this

ART--Criticism & Theory  Search this

Data Source:

Smithsonian Libraries

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:siris_sil_1156419

Editor:

Omi, Michael  Search this

Nakano, Dana Y  Search this

Yamashita, Jeffrey  Search this

Physical description:

1 online resource (viii, 301 pages)

Type:

Electronic resources

Electronic books

Place:

United States

États-Unis

Date:

2019

Topic:

Japanese Americans  Search this

Generation Y  Search this

Américains d'origine japonaise  Search this

Génération Internet  Search this

Restrictions & Rights:

Use copy Restrictions unspecified

Data Source:

Smithsonian Libraries

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:siris_sil_1156457

Author:

Chenault, Wesley  Search this

Object Type:

Smithsonian staff publication

Year:

2008

Citation:

Chenault, Wesley. 2008. "An Unspoken Past: Atlanta Lesbian and Gay History, 1940-1970." Ph.D, University of New Mexico.

Identifier:

167252

Data source:

Smithsonian Libraries and Archives

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:slasro_167252

Creator:

National Portrait Gallery  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2011-04-08T15:07:23.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Portraits  Search this

See more by:

NatlPortraitGallery

Data Source:

National Portrait Gallery

YouTube Channel:

NatlPortraitGallery

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_47p7Gt5IHc8

Creator:

National Portrait Gallery  Search this

Type:

Symposia

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2011-02-09T11:15:08.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Portraits  Search this

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NatlPortraitGallery

Data Source:

National Portrait Gallery

YouTube Channel:

NatlPortraitGallery

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_BbFLur5zdAI

Creator:

National Portrait Gallery  Search this

Type:

Conversations and talks

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2021-06-09T19:28:38.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Portraits  Search this

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NatlPortraitGallery

Data Source:

National Portrait Gallery

YouTube Channel:

NatlPortraitGallery

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_ZPr4wLNBETM

Creator:

National Portrait Gallery  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2011-04-08T16:19:27.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Portraits  Search this

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NatlPortraitGallery

Data Source:

National Portrait Gallery

YouTube Channel:

NatlPortraitGallery

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_rYjZetmGzLA

Creator:

Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden  Search this

Type:

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2021-04-01T01:20:43.000Z

YouTube Category:

Entertainment  Search this

Topic:

Art, modern  Search this

See more by:

hirshhornmuseum

Data Source:

Hirshhorn Museum and Sculpture Garden

YouTube Channel:

hirshhornmuseum

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_O0rBm9tN-T8

Medium:

metal, plastic, paper

Dimensions:

3/16 × 1 3/4 in. (0.4 × 4.4 cm)

Type:

button

Cite As:

Gift of Marie S. Nahikian

Accession Number:

2022.12.109

Restrictions & Rights:

Usage conditions apply

See more items in:

Anacostia Community Museum Collection

Data Source:

Anacostia Community Museum

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/dl809293ffc-dc4e-46b6-9ae4-a7b19d8f9fc8

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:acm_2022.12.109

Creator:

Karger, Fred, 1950-  Search this

Extent:

5 Cubic feet (15 boxes, 2 map folders)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Brochures

Magazines (periodicals)

Newsletters

Newspaper clippings

Posters

Television scripts

Place:

California -- Motion pictures

Date:

1950-2015, undated

Summary:

Papers documenting Fred Karger's acting career, his activism for marriage equality, preservation of the Boom Boom Room (Laguna Beach, California) and other LGBT concerns, Karger's political consulting, and his candidacy for United States President, 2012, as the first openly gay candidate of a major political party.

Content Description:

The Fred Karger Papers consist mostly of secondary materials, film scripts, newspapers, periodicals, and clippings documenting activist and former presidential candidate Fred Karger's brief film and television acting career, his activism for preservation of the Boom Boom Room (originally the South Seas) at the Coast Inn, "Save the Boom", and material from his candidacy for president in 2012. The papers contain material related to Karger's activism for marriage equality and other LGBT concerns.

The collection includes material relating to his childhood education, such as school photographs; his acting career, scripts from television shows and motion pictures he appeared in; and brochures and flyers from his political activism, including boycotts of businesses supporting Proposition 8 (protecting "traditional marriage") in California. The bulk of material relates to Karger's efforts to save the Boom Boom Room (Laguna Beach, California) credited with being the oldest gay bar in West of the Mississippi. The collection includes protest posters, some hand made; columns, articles, clippings and magazines containing articles by and about Karger, some gay-oriented, others not. Material from his presidential campaign is also included such as yard signs, posters, and posters from the 2014 documentary, Fred. There is also a framed letter from Richard M. Nixon.

There are also vintage magazines and newspaper articles covering major events, such as President John F. Kennedy's assassination and the attack on 9/11.

Arrangement:

These papers are arranged into four series.

Series 1: Activism and Presidential Campaign, 1988-2014, undated

Series 2: Theatrical Scripts, 1971-1976

Series 3: Newspapers and Magazines, 1963-2025

Series 4: Photographs and Ephemera, 1950-2010, undated

Biographical / Historical:

Portions of this biography were supplied by the donor, Fred Karger.

Fred S. Karger was born on Januray 31, 1950 in Glencoe, Illinois, the son of Richard (1911-1998) and Jean Foreman Karger (1918-2003). He attended primary and secondary schools in Glencoe. In the mid-1970s Karger pursued an acting career in Los Angeles, California. He later pursued a career in political consulting.

"Fred Karger is an American political consultant, LGBTQ rights activist, author, political pundit, writer, public speaker, former actor and 2012 presidential candidate for the Republican nomination for President. Karger has worked on ten presidential campaigns and served as a senior consultant during the campaigns of President's Ronald Reagan, George H. W. Bush and Gerald Ford.

Karger was a partner in the Dolphin Group, a California based political consulting firm for 27 years. He retired in 2004 and has since worked as an LGBTQ activist. He began in 2006 trying to save a Laguna Beach, California landmark gay bar, the Boom Boom Room.

In 2008 he founded Californians Against Hate, now Rights Equal Rights and led boycotts of four of the biggest donors to California's Proposition 8. He successfully settled three of those boycotts. Immediately after Prop 8 passed, Fred called for the State of California to investigate The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints (Mormon Church) and later the states of Maine, Iowa, Hawaii and California to investigate the rabidly anti-gay National Organization for Marriage (NOM). In the summer of 2012, he launched the ongoing global Boycott of Amway after its owners, the DeVos family, contributed $750,000 to NOM.

Fred's running for the Republican nomination for president in 2012 made him the first openly gay presidential candidate from a major political party in American history, helping to pave the way for Mayor Pete Buttigieg's run in 2020." [Fred Karger Biography, AC/NMAH Control File, AC1439]

During his presidential campaign Karger appeared on six ballots; New Hampshire, Michigan, Puerto Rico, Maryland, California, and Utah. He campaigned in over 30 states and received, "widespread praise for paving the way for future LGBT candidates." Karger has been interviewed on many local, national, and international television, radio, and webcast programs. His autobiography, Fred Who? was published in 2011.

Provenance:

Donated to the Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution by Fred Karger in November 2017.

Restrictions:

Collection is open for research.

Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Topic:

Gay activists  Search this

Homosexuality  Search this

Lesbian and gay experience  Search this

LGBT  Search this

Political activists  Search this

Political campaigns  Search this

Presidential campaigns  Search this

Presidential candidates  Search this

Protest  Search this

Genre/Form:

Brochures

Magazines (periodicals)

Newsletters

Newspaper clippings

Posters

Television scripts

Citation:

Fred Karger Papers, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.1439

See more items in:

Fred Karger Papers

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep83a324618-1842-4d58-891e-d85129e19037

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-1439

Creator:

National Portrait Gallery  Search this

Type:

Interviews

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2011-04-07T22:57:23.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Portraits  Search this

See more by:

NatlPortraitGallery

Data Source:

National Portrait Gallery

YouTube Channel:

NatlPortraitGallery

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_-RggYQj5PtA

Interviewee:

Opie, Catherine 1961-  Search this

Author:

Bresciani, Ana Maria  Search this

Editor:

Hansen, Tone  Search this

Writer of supplementary textual content:

Bresciani, Ana María  Search this

O'Donnell, Natalie Hope  Search this

Interviewer:

Ferguson, Russell  Search this

Host institution:

Henie-Onstad kunstsenter  Search this

Publisher:

Buchhandlung Walther König  Search this

Physical description:

194 pages illustrations (some color), portraits 32 cm

Type:

Exhibitions

Interviews

Expositions

Essay

Interview

Exhibition catalogs

Photobooks

Essays

Criticism, interpretation, etc

Catalogues d'exposition

Livres de photographies

Essais

Place:

California

Date:

2017

20th century

21st century

20e siècle

21e siècle

Topic:

Photography, Artistic  Search this

Portrait photography  Search this

Sexual minorities in art  Search this

Communities in art  Search this

Lesbian photographers  Search this

Photographie artistique  Search this

Portraits (Photographie)  Search this

Minorités sexuelles dans l'art  Search this

Communauté dans l'art  Search this

Photography  Search this

Themes, motives  Search this

Lesbian artists  Search this

Data Source:

Smithsonian Libraries

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:siris_sil_1156725

Creator:

Carrier, Joseph M.  Search this

Extent:

339 Color slides

Culture:

Cua (Vietnamese people)  Search this

Hrê (Vietnamese people)  Search this

Jarai (Southeast Asian people)  Search this

Bru (Southeast Asian people)  Search this

Vietnamese  Search this

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Color slides

Photographs

Place:

Vietnam

Guatemala

Date:

1962-1973

Scope and Contents note:

Photographs of Vietnamese peoples and refugee camps made during Joseph M. Carrier's work in Vietnam for the Rand Corporation and the National Academy of Sciences. The collection includes images of airfields, a hospital, Viet Cong defectors, and weaving and basket-making. There are also photographs depicting people, architecture, and art, made in Guatemala circa 1964 and 1972.

Biographical/Historical note:

Joseph Michel Carrier (b. 1927) was a counterinsurgency specialist for the Rand Corporation in Vietnam, a researcher on herbicide use in Vietnam, and an anthropologist specializing in the analysis of homosexuality among Mexican and Vietnamese men. Educated at the University of Miami (BA, 1950) and Purdue University (MA, 1952), he gained employment with the Rand Corporation in 1956 as a research analyst. In 1962 and 1965-1967, Carrier was detailed to South Vietnam, where he assisted anthropologist Gerald Cannon Hickey's research on the Highland peoples and conducted fieldwork on Viet Cong morale and defection. Carrier returned to the United States in 1968 and entered the graduate program in anthropology at the University of California at Irvine. However, despite his doctoral research on homosexual men in Mexico, Carrier could find no positions in sex research after earning his PhD in 1972. With Hickey's support, Carrier found employment as a staff officer for the National Academy of Science's Herbicide Study Group, for whom he gathered data on the effects of US operations in Vietnam which used herbicides to defoliate forests to expose enemy compounds and poisoned Viet Cong food supplies. In 1974, Carrier helped author a working paper on the effects of these programs on the Vietnamese Highland populations. After his time in Vietnam, Carrier worked as an evaluator of California law enforcement programs (1973-1987) and was Chief Social Scientist for the Orange County Health Agency AIDS Community Education Project (retired 1992).

Local Call Number(s):

NAA Photo Lot 2014-02

Location of Other Archival Materials:

The Southeast Asian Archive, The UC Irvine Libraries and the ONE National Gay & Lesbian Archives hold Joseph Carrier's papers.

Related Materials:

The National Anthropological Archives holds the papers and photographs of Gerald Cannon Hickey.

Restrictions:

The collection is open for research.

Access to the collection requires an appointment.

Rights:

Contact the repository for terms of use.

Topic:

Refugee camps  Search this

Vietnam War, 1961-1975  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs

Citation:

Photo Lot 2014-02, Joseph M. Carrier photographs of Vietnamese Central Highlanders, National Anthropological Archives, Smithsonian Institution.

Identifier:

NAA.PhotoLot.2014-02

Archival Repository:

National Anthropological Archives

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/nw366fd5984-46f0-4327-9847-7946730cd89a

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-naa-photolot-2014-02

Creator:

National Museum of the American Indian  Search this

Type:

Symposia

YouTube Videos

Uploaded:

2016-03-28T17:38:48.000Z

YouTube Category:

Education  Search this

Topic:

Native Americans;American Indians  Search this

See more by:

SmithsonianNMAI

Data Source:

National Museum of the American Indian

YouTube Channel:

SmithsonianNMAI

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:yt_cWwibTk2MnM

Editor:

Manalansan, Martin F. 1960-  Search this

Hom, Alice Y. 1967-  Search this

Fajardo, Kale Bantigue  Search this

Writer of preface:

Eng, David L. 1967-  Search this

Physical description:

1 online resource (xiii, 437 pages) illustrations, maps

Type:

Electronic resources

Electronic books

Place:

North America

Amérique du Nord

Date:

2021

Topic:

Asian American gays--Social conditions  Search this

Asian American lesbians--Social conditions  Search this

Asian American bisexuals--Social conditions  Search this

Gays--Identity  Search this

Lesbians--Identity  Search this

Transgender people--Identity  Search this

Bisexuals--Identity  Search this

Queer theory  Search this

Homosexuels américains d'origine asiatique--Conditions sociales  Search this

Lesbiennes américaines d'origine asiatique--Conditions sociales  Search this

Homosexuels--Identité  Search this

Lesbiennes--Identité  Search this

Transgenres--Identité  Search this

Théorie queer  Search this

Data Source:

Smithsonian Libraries

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:siris_sil_1156697

Author:

Berkshire Conference on the History of Women (7th : 1987 : Wellesley College)  Search this

Helly, Dorothy O  Search this

Reverby, Susan  Search this

Physical description:

xiv, 349 p. : ill. ; 25 cm

Type:

Congresses

Place:

History

Date:

1992

Topic:

Women--History  Search this

Women in public life  Search this

Call number:

HQ1121.B43 1987X

Data Source:

Smithsonian Libraries

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:siris_sil_445108

Creator:

National Air and Space Museum  Search this

Type:

Sound recordings

Podcast

MIME Type:

audio/mpeg

Uploaded:

Thu, 24 Mar 2022 08:00:00 -0000

Topic:

Aircraft  Search this

Flight  Search this

Space  Search this

See more episodes:

AirSpace

Data Source:

National Air and Space Museum

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:podcasts_ee1068bbf7806a54bfead7edf8a8ae52

Creator:

Smithsonian Institution  Search this

Uniform title:

Twitter  Search this

Physical description:

0 cu. ft

Type:

Electronic records

Collection descriptions

Web sites

Date:

2020

Topic:

Web sites  Search this

Blogs  Search this

Museums--Public relations  Search this

Social media  Search this

Online social networks  Search this

Special events  Search this

Sexual minorities  Search this

Transgender people  Search this

Gay pride celebrations  Search this

Local number:

SIA Acc. 22-120

See more items in:

Website Records 1995-2020 [Smithsonian Institution]

Data Source:

Smithsonian Institution Archives

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:siris_arc_404771

Former owner:

Swann Auction Galleries  Search this

Extent:

3.1 Cubic feet (7 boxes)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Date:

1932-1999

Summary:

A collection of pulp fiction titles centering on lesbian characters and lesbianism.

Content Description:

A collection of eighty-five pulp fiction titles dealing with lesbian characters and lesbianism. Parts of this collection are extremely fragile and should be handled with care. The collection is arranged chronologically by date of publication.

Arrangement:

Collection arranged by date of publication into one series.

Biographical / Historical:

Between 1950 and 1965, over 500 distinct lesbian pulp novels were published in the US. These novels were exceptionally influential on lesbian communities in a time where LGBT media was extremely limited. Sold at the counters of grocery stores and in other common shops, these novels became a tangible way for many women to interact with a community they would otherwise have been unable to access. Some of the best loved books were the work of lesbian or bisexual women, many of whom—such as the influential Artemis Smith (Dr. Annselm L.N.V. Morpurgo) and Ann Bannon (Ann Weldy)— went on to become vocal activists and scholars in LGBT matters. Authors of this genre generally used pseudonyms for publication, which helped conceal their identity both as writers of explicit content and potentially as lesbians. Pseudonyms frequently crossed or confused the author's gender, such as in the case of Kay Addams (male author Orrie Hitt), Randy Salem (lesbian author Pat Perdue), and March Hastings (lesbian author Sally Singer). Some writers chose to use multiple pseudonyms, such as Gilbert Fox (published under Dallas Mayo and Paul Russo, among others), and some chose to use a separate name for each genre of pulp novel which they produced. This practice had the benefit of concealing some authors' outright connection to lesbian culture but was also a practice of pulp more generally. Because pulp was poor quality literature, due primarily to the constraints of cheap publishing and quick production, writers often intended these novels to be their introduction to large publishing houses. Authors would begin by writing pulp and then, once they had become accustomed to the industry, would move onto more serious works without having trashy pulp as part of their reputation.

The majority of lesbian pulp novels are original stories created for mass production by American writers. A few key exceptions to this rule existed. The first was reproductions of older lesbian literary works, including Radclyffe Hall's influential The Well of Loneliness (original 1928), Lillian Hellman's script for the play The Children's Hour (original 1934), and Anna Elisabet Weirauch's The Scorpion (original 1919, published in German). The other exception is international works, which would be translated and printed in pulp for the US. Tereska Torrès's Women's Barracks (1950), the novel which started the lesbian pulp genre, was translated from its original French for its mass production in America. Other translated works include Lucie Marchal's, The Mesh (original French, published as pulp in 1959), Francoise Mallet's The Loving and the Daring (original French, also known in English as The Illusionist, published as pulp in 1952), and Torrès's By Cecile (1963). Many of these republished works are among the most favorable to lesbians, as they reflect personal experiences of the author or are canonical entries into broader lesbian literature. While many of the best-regarded novels in the genre were written by lesbian or bisexual women, the bulk of what was produced by American publishers was by male authors for a male audience. Considered perverse erotica, lesbian pulps were written and marketed towards male gratification.

These pulp novels occupy a conflicted space in lesbian culture. Because they were published and distributed en masse, these books became a way for closeted lesbian and bisexual women in areas where there were no strong LGBT communities to find self-recognition and connection with others. Some found the books changing how they thought of their sexuality, particularly if they had only experienced straight relationships. However, buying and keeping these books could be taboo, despite their general popularity. Purchasers often tried to buy lesbian pulps as covertly as possible, and many took advantage of the disposable quality of pulp and abandoned or destroyed the books when they had finished reading them. Publishers were willing to produce lesbian novels because they were an extremely profitable genre, but the US Post Office refused to deliver "explicit" materials, including any promotion of lesbian relationships—regardless of the actual sexual content within. Authors circumvented this issue by creating narratives which appeared to condemn lesbianism. Characters would frequently be killed, go insane, convert back to heterosexuality, or be otherwise fatally punished in the conclusion of the book. In others, the entire novel's plot would include a pervasive element of shame or corruption when a young woman would be manipulated into a lesbian relationship. Compounding these issues is the trite or formulaic nature of the plots, which were often a product of the hastened publishing schedule and low budget for production. These factors create difficulty for many in the current lesbian community to relate to the condemning nature of the genre, particularly as many works of far better quality in both writing and representation have appeared in recent decades.

The cover artwork of these novels is another important aspect. Although there were some strong communities of LGBT women, particularly in urban areas, many had difficulty finding or accessing them. Particularly for those who lived in rural areas or with deep homophobia, the covers of pulp novels would be the first time they saw themselves reflected in popular culture. Lesbian pulp covers usually contained a depiction of two or more women, at least one of whom was exhibiting an identifiable lesbian desire. Common themes included women undressing in private or in communal rooms, women ignoring men in favor of gazing at another woman's body, or women in the midst of a romantic encounter. These covers generally teased at the sexual content within the books, which was typical of all pulp romances. Every identified artist for this collection's covers is a man. Although some women did paint for pulp novels and magazines, they would be frequently relegated to less controversial subjects, such as demure heterosexual romances, and in the rare case horrors, mysteries, and thrillers. Many of the artists for the lesbian novels also produced for many other pulp publications. Artists would receive the covers as an assignment from their publishing company, often without any contact with the author. Because of the tight production schedule, they would often be working off skimming the book's contents, its (publisher-generated) title, or in the lucky case a plot synopsis. Due to this, although some covers hint at community subgroups such as butch and femme aesthetics, they are generally inaccurate to the fashion of real lesbian communities.

Some cover artists of the novels remain unidentified, which can be for a multitude of reasons. First, in the early 1950s many pulp publishers did not allow artists to keep the rights to their work, and so the paintings were considered the sole property of the company. Some publishers would even reuse covers, as is the case for Kay Addams's Warped Desire (1960) and Richard Villanova's Her Woman (1962). Although artists were eventually given more rights, many were unable to claim important works as their intellectual property. Second, because of the controversial nature of the genre, many artists chose not to include specific covers in their portfolio. Like the authors, pulp was sometimes considered a way to launch a more extensive fine arts career, although successful artists often committed to long-term work in the industry. It was far more acceptable to use works from other pulp genres like mystery and horror as promotional and professional material. Paul Rader is one of the few artists who was able and willing to sign his covers. Many pulp illustrators were fresh graduates of New York art schools, but Rader entered the industry later in life. Rader's work was exceptionally suited to the demands of romance and lesbian pulps, because he was notably better at depicting "sexy" bodies than painting for other genres, like sci-fi. When Midwood Books was founded in 1957, he was one of the first to paint for them and quickly became a favorite of the publisher. Six of the novels in this collection have covers that can be attributed to Rader.

Lesbian pulps were the backdrop to an extensive fight over the right to produce and sell explicit content. The publication of Women's Barracks is famous as the event which precipitated the formation of the House Select Committee on Current Pornographic Materials from 1952-1953. The Committee ultimately accomplished little in restricting pulp novels, but it did cause editorial changes to the book (the addition of a disapproving narrator) and demonstrated political attitudes towards the genre. In 1956, a bookseller was punished with 30 days of imprisonment for selling copies of Mark Tryon's Sweeter than Life, republished after the lawsuit as The Twisted Loves of Nym O'Sullivan. This case was eventually appealed to the Supreme Court, resulting in the Smith v. California (1959) decision, which voided the California law preventing the sale of "obscene" content on the grounds that it violated the First Amendment right to free speech. Over the course of the 1960s, lawsuits continued to erode the restrictions on explicit content. Rather than boost the lesbian pulp genre, however, this caused its collapse.

The expansion of publishers' rights meant that the Postal Service could no longer deny delivering lesbian-friendly or pornographic novels on content alone. However, mass publishers were not willing to print works which portrayed lesbianism positively or which increased the amount of graphic content. Smaller presses and collectives began to emerge, which were able to siphon the market for pulps with novels that were better written and more satisfying for their audiences. Unable and unwilling to meet this new competition, publishers like Midwood and Beacon-Signal turned towards the other genres of pulp fiction. The year 1965 marks the end of the lesbian pulp era. Though lesbian fiction had improved in quality, smaller presses were unable to reach the same closeted and isolated women that pulps appealed to as they were considerably limited in their geographic distribution by the size of their operations and the cost of shipping. For many lesbians who had relied on pulps in lieu of community, their access to LGBT content became incredibly restricted in the coming decades. However, lesbian pulp fiction incentivized a new generation of writers to produce better literature through the 1970s and 80s. Publishing houses like Naiad Press were established, which were able to support the ambition of these new authors. Although genuine pulp manufacture had ceased, these presses would continue to reprint the most influential lesbian pulps for the next generation to enjoy. (Written by Sara Kunkemueller.)

Sources

Blakemore, Erin. "Pulp Fiction Helped Define American Lesbianism," Jstor Daily, 2019. Accessed through https://daily.jstor.org/pulp-fiction-helped-define-american-lesbianism/.

Fonesca, Sarah. "Reality Is a Drag: I'd Rather Live in Lesbian Pulp Fiction," them, Mar. 2019. Accessed through https://www.them.us/story/lesbian-pulp-fiction.

Frost, Natasha. "The Lesbian Pulp Fiction That Saved Lives," Atlas Obscura, May 2018. Accessed through https://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/lesbian-pulp-fiction-ann-bannon. Hermes, Joke. "Sexuality in Lesbian Romance Fiction," Feminist Review, no. 42, Autumn 1992, pp. 49-66. Accessed through https://www.jstor.org/stable/1395129.

Keller, Yvonne. "'Was It Right to Love Her Brother's Wife so Passionately?': Lesbian Pulp Novels and U.S. Lesbian Identity, 1950-1965," American Quarterly, vol. 57, no. 2, Jun. 2005, pp. 385-410. Accessed through https://www.jstor.org/stable/40068271.

Munroe, Lynn. "The Notebooks of Paul Rader," Lynn Munroe Books, n.d. Accessed through http://lynn-munroe-books.com/list64/RaderHome/RaderNotebooks-home.htm.

Rabinowitz, Paula. "Slips of the Tongue: Uncovering Lesbian Pulp," American Pulp: How Paperbacks Brought Modernism to Main Street, Princeton University Press, 2014, pp. 184-205. Accessed through https://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt7zvdxq.11.

Many cover artists for this collection identified through: "Pulp Covers: The Best of the Worst," n.d. Accessed through pulpcovers.com.

Saunders, David. "Alphabetical Index of Pulp Artists," Wild American Field Guide to Pulp Artists, n.d. Accessed through https://www.pulpartists.com/index.html.

Provenance:

Collection purchased from Swann Auction Galleries, New York, New York in September 2021. Funds for purchase provided by the Jackson Fund, NMAH.

Restrictions:

Collection is open for research.

Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions. Portions of this collection are extremely fragile; any photocopying must first be approved by the on-site reference archivist.

Topic:

Lesbianism  Search this

Pulp literature  Search this

Paperbacks  Search this

Citation:

Archives Center Lesbian Pulp Fiction Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.1513

See more items in:

Archives Center Lesbian Pulp Fiction Collection

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep86194bb36-0607-4796-a297-6d86eced7c86

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-1513

Series Donor:

Becker, John M.  Search this

Gay Officers Action League. GOAL  Search this

Heritage of Pride (HOP)  Search this

Rohrbaugh, Richard  Search this

Series Creator:

Hirsch, Leonard  Search this

Guest, Barbara  Search this

Barna, Joseph T.  Search this

Guest, Michael E.  Search this

Container:

Box 197, Folder 3

Type:

Archival materials

Realia

Date:

undated

Series Restrictions:

The collection is open for research use.

Researchers must handle unprotected photographs with gloves. Researchers must use reference copies of audio-visual materials. When no reference copy exists, the Archives Center staff will produce reference copies on an "as needed" basis, as resources allow.

Do not use original materials when available on reference video or audio tapes.

Series Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Series Citation:

Archives Center Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution

See more items in:

Archives Center Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender (LGBT) Collection

Archives Center Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender (LGBT) Collection / Series 2: Agencies, Associations, and Organizations

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8ded86788-9d06-4de2-a5f7-f85540f97f2c

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-1146-ref3250