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Publisher:

Underwood & Underwood  Search this

H.C. White Co.  Search this

Photographer:

White, C. W.  Search this

Collection Creator:

Underwood & Underwood  Search this

Extent:

1 Item (3-3/4" x 7".)

Type:

Archival materials

Photographs

Stereoscopic photographs

Place:

Monongahela River (Pennsylvania)

Pennsylvania

Pittsburgh (Pa.)

Date:

1906

Local Numbers:

RSN 1512

General:

Currently stored in box 1.1.5 [151], moved from [155].

Similar to RSN 318 and 400; "C. W. White's Pittsburg, '06" written on envelope. Orig. nos. 297-2, 50.

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. The original glass plate is available for inspection if necessary in the Archives Center. A limited number of fragile glass negatives and positives in the collection can be viewed directly in the Archives Center by prior appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.

Collection Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Topic:

Boats -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Bridges -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Coal -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Docks -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Piers -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Rivers -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Wharves -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs -- 1900-1910 -- Black-and-white negatives -- Glass

Stereoscopic photographs

Collection Citation:

Underwood &Underwood Glass Stereograph Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.

See more items in:

Underwood & Underwood Glass Stereograph Collection

Underwood & Underwood Glass Stereograph Collection / Series 1: H. C. White glass plates / 1.1: H.C. White Negatives / RSN Numbers 1418-1518

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8409515a1-7ce3-4c16-a9dd-2a37af08f3dd

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0143-ref2383

Publisher:

Underwood & Underwood  Search this

Collection Creator:

Underwood & Underwood  Search this

Extent:

1 Item (5" x 8")

Type:

Archival materials

Photographs

Stereoscopic photographs

Place:

Altoona (Pa.)

Pennsylvania

Local Numbers:

RSN 20468

General:

Currently stored in box 3.2.9 [201].

Copy and Version Identification Note:

5698?

Collection Restrictions:

Collection is open for research but is stored off-site and special arrangements must be made to work with it. The original glass plate is available for inspection if necessary in the Archives Center. A limited number of fragile glass negatives and positives in the collection can be viewed directly in the Archives Center by prior appointment. Contact the Archives Center for information at archivescenter@si.edu or 202-633-3270.

Collection Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Topic:

Coal -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Coke -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Factories -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Laborers -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs -- 1900-1910 -- Interpositives -- Glass

Stereoscopic photographs

Collection Citation:

Underwood &Underwood Glass Stereograph Collection, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.

See more items in:

Underwood & Underwood Glass Stereograph Collection

Underwood & Underwood Glass Stereograph Collection / Series 3: Underwood & Underwood glass plates / 3.2: Underwood and Underwood Positives / RSN Numbers 20451-20550

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8ebb4122f-6fca-46fc-8379-e334b32294cc

EDAN-URL:

ead_component:sova-nmah-ac-0143-ref26745

Creator:

Philadelphia & Reading Railroad Co.  Search this

Names:

Atlantic City Railroad  Search this

Mine Hill & Schuylkill Haven Railroad  Search this

Reading Belt Railroad  Search this

Bines, William H.  Search this

Boggs, George B.  Search this

Buckholz, Charles W.  Search this

Byers, Charles E.  Search this

Chamberlain, E.C.  Search this

Davis, N.M.  Search this

Gowen, Franklin B.  Search this

Jamison, Robert  Search this

Keim, George DeB  Search this

Lorenz, William  Search this

Manning, Charles P.  Search this

Nichols, Henry K.  Search this

Rice, George  Search this

Richardson, F.E.  Search this

Royers, John H.  Search this

Steele, J. Dutton  Search this

Thompson, J.W.  Search this

Whitney, E.S.  Search this

Wilson, H.T.  Search this

Wootten, John E.  Search this

Yarington, T.O.  Search this

Zacharias, H.C.  Search this

Collector:

National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Transportation  Search this

National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Engineering and Industry  Search this

Extent:

18 Cubic feet (78 boxes)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Right of way deeds

Reports

Letterpress copybooks

Mechanical drawings

Estimates

Financial statements

Circular letters

Bills

Accident reports

Correspondence

Place:

Lackawanna County (Pa.)

Luzerne County (Pa.)

Cressona (Pa.)

Harrisburg (Pa.)

Norristown (Pa.)

Philadelphia (Pa.)

New Jersey

Sumerton (Pa.)

Cheltenham (Pa.)

Sunbury (Pa.)

Reading (Pa.)

Trenton (N.J.)

Schuylkill County (Pa.)

Pennsylvania

Date:

1860-1936

Summary:

Collection of engineering reports and correspondence from the Engineering Department of the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company. The Philadelphia and Reading Railroad was most used for the transportation of anthracite coal within Pennsylvania from 1833 through the early 1970s.

Scope and Contents:

Primarily outgoing correspondence from the Engineering Department of the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad Company, the remainder being engineering reports and other miscellaneous papers.

Series 1: Letterpress Copybooks consists of 219 volumes from various engineers, each with own index (1865-1892): were generated by Chief Engineer, Assistant Chief Engineer, various resident engineers, other lower-level engineers, and the Chief Road-Master. Bulk of copybooks created by William H. Bines and Henry K. Nichols during long careers with the Philadelphia & Reading. Other volumes contain letters and reports by Charles W. Buckholz, Charles E. Byers, William Lorenz, and others. Correspondence covers all aspects of the engineering operations of the railroad, much of it at highest levels, being addressed to the Presidents of the Reading. Also includes one letterbook from John E. Wooten (1865), Superintendent.

Series 2: Reports of Chief Engineer to Auditor, 1908-1910; structural design calculation notebooks, 1901-1935; right of way deeds, 1903; and tracings of assorted machine parts.

Arrangement:

The collection is divided into five series.

Series 1: Letterpress Copybooks, 1866-1870

Series 2: Chief Engineer Standard Plans, 1904-1942 Series 3: Construction Reports, 1901-1913

Series 4: Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) Valuation of Railroads, 1913-1922

Series 5: Reports and Miscellaneous Papers, 1860-1936

Biographical / Historical:

This railroad was chartered in 1833 to provide low-cost transportation from the Schuylkill and Mahanoy anthracite coal fields in eastern Pennsylvania to Philadelphia. Main line from Philadelphia to Pottsville opened 1842. Reading expanded by acquiring other railroads, and by 1869 had monopoly of coal traffic from Schuylkill anthracite region.

Expansion accelerated when Franklin B. Gowen became president (1869) and attempted to dominate entire anthracite trade. Purchased Schuylkill Canal (1870) to eliminate competition for coal trade; then organized the Philadelphia & Reading Coal & Iron Company in 1871 to purchase and operate coal mines; secured over 40 percent of U.S. anthracite reserves, but debt incurred led railroad to bankruptcy and receivership (1880). Gowen's reckless style drove the Reading into second receivership (1886), and he was forced to resign.

Gowen's Successor, Archibald A. McLeod, tried to increase company control over anthracite trade (1892-1893), then control of several New England railroads. The Reading went bankrupt again and McLeod was ousted. In a reorganization (1896), the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad and the Coal & Iron Company became properties of the Reading Company, a holding company. Later additions to system were infrequent and largely confined to short branches and improvements inalignment. Due to anti-trust proceedings, company divested mining subsidiary (1923) and merged wholly owned railroad companies into an operating company. Acquired Lehigh & Susquehanna Railroad 1963, went bankrupt in early 1970s, and conveyed portions of its lines to Conrail (1976). The reorganized Reading Company retains real estate and other non-rail holdings.

Related Materials:

Hagley Museum & Library, Manuscripts & Archives Department, P.O. Box 3630, Wilmington, Delaware 19807.

Provenance:

Collection donated by the Reading Company, Philadelphia, Pa., 1960s.

Restrictions:

Collection is open for research.

Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Topic:

Railroad accidents  Search this

Railroad engineering  Search this

Railroads -- New Jersey  Search this

Railroads -- Buildings and structures  Search this

Coal mines and mining -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Coal -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Railroad companies -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Engineering  Search this

Engineers  Search this

Railroad engineers  Search this

Coal -- Transportation  Search this

Anthracite coal industry  Search this

Railroads -- Surveying  Search this

Railroad tracks  Search this

Railroads -- Maintenance and repair  Search this

Railroads -- Signalling  Search this

Transportation  Search this

Railroads -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Genre/Form:

Right of way deeds

Reports

Letterpress copybooks

Mechanical drawings

Estimates

Financial statements

Circular letters

Bills

Accident reports

Correspondence -- 1930-1950

Citation:

Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company Records, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.0208

See more items in:

Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company Records

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8e44f13bf-04bf-4b9e-a922-1f180aa7a596

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0208

Collector:

Dr. Reinhardt Thiessen  Search this

Bethlehem Steel Company  Search this

Taxon:

Bituminous coal - Primary Ore  Search this

Prep Count:

21

Preparation:

Thin Section

Remarks:

Lower Freeport Coal. From Bethlehem Steel Co.

Place:

Lower Freeport Coal, Pennsylvania, United States, North America

Other Numbers:

Collector's field number : PA 106

Legacy OR number : 379115

USNM Number:

116423134

See more items in:

Mineral Sciences

Rock & Ore Collections

Locality Collection

Data Source:

NMNH - Mineral Sciences Dept.

GUID:

http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/3e75702a0-7b90-4f9e-b51c-6c4e5dcd48a9

EDAN-URL:

edanmdm:nmnhmineralsciences_16192037

Collector:

Lehigh Valley Coal Company  Search this

National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Agriculture  Search this

National Museum of American History (U.S.). Division of Work and Industry  Search this

Extent:

0.5 Cubic feet (3 boxes)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Photographs

Drawings

Specifications

Date:

1864-1865, and undated.

Scope and Contents:

Company records, including specifications, drawings and plans, photographs, and other miscellaneous archival material.

Arrangement:

1 series.

Biographical / Historical:

Mining company, Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania.

Provenance:

Collected for the National Museum of American History.

Restrictions:

Collection open for research on site by appointment. Unprotected photographs must be handled with gloves.

Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Topic:

Coal -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Coal mines and mining -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Mining equipment  Search this

Anthracite coal industry  Search this

Genre/Form:

Photographs -- 19th century

Drawings -- 19th century

Specifications

Citation:

Lehigh Valley Coal Company Records, 1864-1865, Archives Center, National Museum of American History.

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.1106

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep8afa54fb5-cde7-424e-b29f-54e81299c8c4

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-1106

Creator:

Philadelphia and Reading Coal and Iron Company  Search this

Names:

Anthracite Water Company  Search this

Extent:

17 Cubic feet (52 boxes)

Type:

Collection descriptions

Archival materials

Correspondence

Reports

Circular letters

Letterpress copybooks

Place:

Shamokin (Pa.)

Reading (Pa.)

Pennsylvania -- Anthracite coal industry

Pottsville (Pa.) -- Anthracite coal industry

Ashland (Pa.) -- Anthracite coal industry

Mahanoy City (Pa.) -- Anthracite coal industry

Schuylkill River (Pa.) -- Anthracite coal industry

Date:

1866-1927

Scope and Contents:

This collection consists of approximately seventeen cubic feet of records of the Philadelphia & Reading Coal & Iron Company, dating from the period 1866-1927. The bulk of the collection comprises 124 letterpress copybooks from the company's Engineering Department. These contain letters and reports sent by engineers located at the major centers of the company's operations in the Schuylkill coal field — Ashland, Mahanoy City, Pottsville, and Shamokin. They also include the Chief Engineer, the Assistant Engineer, division engineers, resident engineers, associate engineers, mining engineers and their assistants, and transitmen. Among these were George S. Clemens, Joseph B. Garner, John R. Hoffman, James F. Jones, Henry M. Luther, Roland C. Luther, Henry Pleasants, John H. Pollard, John H. Strauch, and S. B. Whiting.

Their letterpress copybooks reflect the evolving organization of the Engineering Department, as job titles were changed and individuals were promoted or transferred from one post to another. The copybooks either accompanied the man when he took up a new post or remained in the office, where they were used by his successors. The copybooks in this collection have been arranged into series by person and position. Several additional volumes have been placed in a series of miscellaneous records at the end of the collection.

The correspondence in these volumes deals with all aspects of mining construction and operations, engineering personnel matters, and coordination with the Railroad for the shipment of coal, as well as periodic reports of operations and wagon accounts detailing how much coal had been shipped. Also included is correspondence relating to the formation and operation of the Schuylkill Coal Exchange Committee, which was set up to ease competition among the railroads in the Schuylkill region.

The collection also includes eight letterpress copybooks kept by S. B. Whiting while he was General Manager and General Superintendent of the company (1882-ca. 1888) . Whiting also kept letterbooks in which he pasted letters received from his superiors: Series 1 of the collection consists of two volumes of letters received (1879-1883) from Franklin B. Gowen, President, and one volume of letters received (1881-1884) from George DeB. Keim, General Solicitor and Vice President. In addition, there are eight letterpress copybooks kept by Roland C. Luther during his tenure as General Superintendent (ca. 1888-1902) and one volume from his tenure as the company's Second Vice President (1903-1905) . Also included is a volume of printed circular letters from both the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad and from the Philadelphia & Reading Coal & Iron Company (1874-1887), which is located in Series 16.

Of additional interest is the inclusion of letters relating to the operation of the Anthracite Water Company among the letterpress copybooks of George S. Clemens, who served as that company's manager in the 1910s. In addition, several of the circular letters pertain directly to the 1888 anthracite coal strike.

Arrangement:

The collection is organized into 16 series.

Series 1: Letters received, S. B. Whiting, 1881-1883

Series 2: George S. Clemens, Shamokin, Ashland, and Pottsville, Pennsylvania, 1875-1921

Series 3: Ashland, Pennsylvania, 1866-1881

Series 4: John H. Pollard, Ashland, Pennsylvania, 1881-1905

Series 5: John H. Pollard, T. R. Spinney, and Joseph Garner, Ashland, Pennsylvania, 1888-1911

Series 6: John H. Pollard and T. B. Van Buren, Ashland and Mahanoy City, 1902-1913

Series 7: Division Engineer, Ashland, Pennsylvania, 1902-1927

Series 8: Henry M. Luther and John H. Pollard, Ashland, Pennsylvania, 1881-1905

Series 9: Joseph S. Harris, Pottsville, 1871-1877

Series 10: J. Price Wetherill, Pottsville, Pennsylvania, 1879-1881

Series 11: James F. Jones and Roland C. Luther, Pottsville, Pennsylvania, 1881-1891

Series 12: John R. Hoffman and Roland C. Luther, Pottsville, Pennsylvania, 1883-1909

Series 13: Henry Pleasants and S. B. Whiting, Pottsville, Pennsylvania, 1874-1880

Series 14: S. B. Whiting and Roland C. Luther, Pottsville and Reading, Pennsylvania, 1877-1905

Series 15: George A. Brooke and John H. Strauch, Pottsville, Pennsylvania, 1879-1909

Series 16: Miscellaneous Records, 1873-1987

Biographical / Historical:

The Philadelphia & Reading Coal & Iron Co. was organized in order to ensure its parent company, the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad, a dominant position in the transportation of anthracite coal from the Schuylkill fields of eastern Pennsylvania. For thirty years after its incorporation in 1833, the Philadelphia & Reading had been the main carrier of coal from this region, shipping anthracite coal from independently owned mines to Philadelphia. By the mid-1860s, however, the company faced increasing competition from other railroads as well as interruptions in supply due to miners' strikes. In response, Franklin B. Gowen, President of the Philadelphia & Reading, decided to gain control of enough coal acreage to ensure the company's survival. However, since it was illegal for railroads to directly own coal fields or operate mines in Pennsylvania, the company had to organize a separate company for the purpose. Accordingly, the Laurel Run Improvement Company was incorporated in May 1871. By taking advantage of a loophole in the Laurel Run company's charter, the Philadelphia & Reading purchased it in November 1871, and thus circumvented the legal restrictions on railroad ownership of coal lands. The newly-acquired company was renamed the Philadelphia & Reading Coal & Iron Company in December 1871.

The company quickly acquired coal lands: by 1872, 80,000 acres had been purchased; by 1874, almost 100,000 acres - approximately one-third of the entire Schuylkill coal field. Originally, the company did not intend to mine coal itself; rather, it would rent the collieries it had acquired to independent operators, with the stipulation that the end product must be shipped over the Philadelphia & Reading railroad's lines. Unfortunately, this arrangement did not prove to be either practical or profitable and the company had to take direct control of its mining operations. Despite this step, however, the Coal & Iron Company continued to be unprofitable. In 1913 the United States government brought suit against the Philadelphia & Reading Railroad under the Sherman Anti-Trust Act, claiming that its ownership of both the Coal & Iron Company and the Railroad were a monopoly of trade. The case went to the U.S. Supreme Court, which ruled against the railroad in 1920. Under the terms of an agreement worked out by the Court, in December 1923, the Philadelphia & Reading transferred its interests in the Coal & Iron Company to a new company formed for the purpose — the Philadelphia & Reading Coal & Iron Corporation.

Related Materials:

Materials at the National Museum of American History

The Division of Work & Industry has a collection of photographs from the Philadelphia and Reading Coal and Iron Company, 1866-1927.

Materials at Other Organizations

Hagley Museum and Library, Wilmington, Delaware The bulk of the surviving records of the Philadelphia and Reading Coal and Iron Company and its parent company, the Philadelphia and Reading Railroad Company.

Provenance:

These records were obtained by the National Museum of American History sometime prior to 1978. They were transferred from the Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources to the Archives Center in July 1989. An additional thirty-five volumes were transferred to the Archives Center in July 1996.

Restrictions:

The collection is open for research use.

Rights:

Collection items available for reproduction, but the Archives Center makes no guarantees concerning copyright restrictions. Other intellectual property rights may apply. Archives Center cost-recovery and use fees may apply when requesting reproductions.

Topic:

Anthracite coal industry  Search this

Coal -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Coal mines and mining -- Pennsylvania  Search this

Anthracite Coal Strike, Pa., 1902  Search this

Engineers  Search this

Engineering  Search this

Genre/Form:

Correspondence -- 1930-1950

Reports

Circular letters

Letterpress copybooks

Citation:

Philadelphia and Reading Coal and Iron Company Records, 1866-1927, Archives Center, National Museum of American History

Identifier:

NMAH.AC.0282

See more items in:

Philadelphia and Reading Coal and Iron Company Records

Archival Repository:

Archives Center, National Museum of American History

GUID:

https://n2t.net/ark:/65665/ep80bbae1ea-089b-4ec0-9c26-723d1e244fb3

EDAN-URL:

ead_collection:sova-nmah-ac-0282