Scientific research and national independence: the French view -- The Atlantic imbalance in science and technology -- The dimensions of the American challenge -- The heritage of the Napoleonic systems -- The American model of a scientific state -- Reform under the Fourth Republic -- Science policy under the Fifth Republic -- The Fifth Plan, 1966-1970 -- Defense, space, and atomic power -- The balance sheet of modernization: scientific and technical institutions -- The balance sheet of modernization: the professionalization and governance of science -- Prospects for a European solution to the technology gap -- The technology gap in political perspective
