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Elecresource
Summary:
Thirty-one species of the widely distributed and speciose genus Eviota Jenkins of the tropical Indo-West Pacific are treated, including 23 nominal and 8 new species. Important specific characters are: presence of certain cephalic sensory pores; presence and number of branched pectoral fin rays; presence and length of fifth pelvic fin ray; number of primary branches on fourth pelvic fin ray and number of segments between branches; shape of male genital papilla; number of dorsal and anal fin rays; and body coloration.Diagnostic characters of the genus are reviewed. An artificial key to the 31 species is provided. Relationships of 6 major natural or artificial species groups are discussed. Data for important meristic characters are tabulated. The species, and details of certain characters, are illustrated by photographs and drawings. A diagnosis, list of material examined, and description are provided for each species, and geographic distributions are plotted on maps for 30 species.Nominal species of Eviota placed in the synonymy of other Eviota are: E. viridis (Waite) and E. verna J.L.B. Smith in E. prasina (Klunzinger); E. stigmapteron J.L.B. Smith in E. distigma Jordan and Seale; and E. gymnocephalus Weber in E. zonura Jordan and Seale. The nominal species E. pruinosa Jordan and Seale, E. grammistes Tomiyama, E. macrophthalmus Tomiyama, E. caesiura okinawae Aoyagi, E. wollacottae Whitley, and E. personata Jordan and Thompson are not Eviota.The eight new species and their distributions are: E. melasma, Indo-Pacific Archipelago; E. nigripinna, insular Indian Ocean localities; E. pseudostigma, from two disjunct areas, the Indian Ocean and Oceania; E. spilota, Vietnam to the Bismarck Archipelago; E. indica, the Seychelles and St. Brandon Shoals; E. variola, southern Great Barrier Reef; E. bimaculata, Western and South Australia; and E. bifasciata, Philippine Islands, Indonesia, New Guinea, and the Palau Islands.Fourteen of the 31 species are endemic or have restricted distributions. Five species are widespread, E. distigma, E. sebreei, and E. prasina from the Red Sea to Oceania, and E. nebulosa and E. infulata from Africa or insular Indian Ocean sites to eastern Oceania. Of these, E. distigma and E. infulata have discontinuous distributions, not occurring in the Indonesian-Philippine-New Guinea area. Other geographic distribution patterns are noted.
