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Catalog Data

Artist:
Philip Oskar Jenkins, 1817 - Aug 1892  Search this
Sitter:
Benjamin Helm Bristow, 20 Jun 1832 - 22 Jun 1896  Search this
Medium:
Oil on canvas
Dimensions:
76.4cm x 63.5cm (30 1/16" x 25"), Accurate
Type:
Painting
Date:
1874
Exhibition Label:
Born Elkton, Kentucky
Benjamin Helm Bristow strove to protect African Americans from white supremacists in the District of Kentucky. As U.S. attorney (1866–70), Bristow enforced the Civil Rights Act of 1866, ensuring the citizenship rights of African Americans. During Reconstruction, Kentucky was under a “rule of terror,” as armed militia groups rode the countryside whipping, torturing, and stealing without consequence.
Using the writ of habeas corpus, Bristow transferred cases to federal courts when Black people were prevented from testifying in state courts. Bristow wrote, “It is a matter of the first importance to the 225,000 Colored people of this state that the so-called ‘Civil Rights’ law of Congress should be maintained and enforced.” He successfully prosecuted twenty-nine cases, and Kentucky was one of the few states where the Civil Rights Act was enforced. However, federal enforcement acts became ineffective after United States v. Cruikshank (1876) and United States v. Reese (1876).
Nacido en Elkton, Kentucky
Benjamin Helm Bristow luchó por proteger a los afroamericanos de los supremacistas blancos en el Distrito de Kentucky. Como fiscal federal (1866–70), hizo cumplir la Ley de Derechos Civiles de 1866, que garantizaba derechos de ciudadanía de los afroamericanos. Durante la Reconstrucción, Kentucky padeció un “reino de terror” mientras milicias armadas rondaban por el área rural azotando, torturando y robando impunemente.
Mediante órdenes de habeas corpus, Bristow transfería a los tribunales federales los casos estatales en que se impedía testificar a los afroamericanos. En sus palabras: “Es de importancia suprema para las 225,000 personas de color de este estado que la llamada ley de ‘Derechos Civiles’ del Congreso se mantenga y se cumpla”. Ganó 29 casos y Kentucky fue uno de los pocos estados donde se hizo cumplir la Ley de Derechos Civiles. Sin embargo, las leyes de cumplimiento federales perdieron su eficacia después de Estados Unidos v. Cruikshank (1876) y Estados Unidos v. Reese (1876).
Provenance:
Sadie F. Noll, New Bedford, Mass.; purchased 1972 NPG
Topic:
Interior  Search this
Personal Attribute\Facial Hair\Mustache  Search this
Personal Attribute\Facial Hair\Goatee  Search this
Benjamin Helm Bristow: Male  Search this
Benjamin Helm Bristow: Law and Crime\Lawyer  Search this
Benjamin Helm Bristow: Politics and Government\Cabinet member\Secretary of Treasury  Search this
Benjamin Helm Bristow: Military and Intelligence\Army\Officer\Civil War  Search this
Benjamin Helm Bristow: Politics and Government\State Attorney General\Kentucky  Search this
Benjamin Helm Bristow: Politics and Government\State Senator\Kentucky  Search this
Portrait  Search this
Credit Line:
National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution
Object number:
NPG.72.104
Restrictions & Rights:
CC0
See more items in:
National Portrait Gallery Collection
Exhibition:
Out of Many: Portraits from 1600 to 1900
On View:
NPG, East Gallery 123
Data Source:
National Portrait Gallery
GUID:
http://n2t.net/ark:/65665/sm4698fdab5-aaf3-4adf-9023-7f5770cd8aaa
EDAN-URL:
edanmdm:npg_NPG.72.104