polychrome (overall surface decoration color name)
ceramic, porcelain, hard-paste (overall material)
Measurements:
overall: 10 in x 9 in; 25.4 cm x 22.86 cm
overall: 10 3/16 in x 9 1/8 in x 7 in; 25.87625 cm x 23.1775 cm x 17.78 cm
Object Name:
Pitcher
pitcher
Place made:
France: Nouvelle-Aquitaine, Limoges
Date made:
c. 1850-1900
Description:
China painting swept across America in the late nineteenth century as one of the most prevalent decorative pottery techniques, especially among young women. Considered a respectable form of work and creative outlet for women, china painting incorporated the element of hand craft that helped elevate standards of design during a period of mass production and industrialism. In other instances, such as with this decorated porcelain pitcher, china painting was used as a means of advertisement or commemoration. J.M. Shaw, a china decorator and retailer in New York would have purchased this pitcher as a blank from France then painted with minerals to sell in his shop. The technique of china painting could be done conveniently at home or in large pottery settings. Also known as “mineral painting,” after its materials, a china painter used enamels, low firing colors produced from various mineral-oxides, as a “painting” medium on pre-fired porcelain white porcelain, also known as blanks. These blank porcelain pieces were often imported from European countries, France and Germany in particular, and came in a variety of dinner ware forms and vases. The china painting technique of decorating porcelain was popularized in America by the highly influential Englishman, Edward Lycett. Trained as a potter in the English tradition at Spode pottery in Staffordshire, England, Lycett moved to America in 1861, where he almost immediately gained prestigious commissions for the White House and Tiffany & Co. His devotion to experimenting with materials and teaching pottery techniques across the country established Edward Lycett as the “pioneer of china painting in America” during his own lifetime. Ultimately, the creativity fostered by the china painting movement and the influence of Edward Lycett launched the American ceramic industry towards new and exciting avenues of decorative pottery.
